Arctiin
Natural compounds from herbs are recognized as an important source of therapeutic agents. Seeking for natural products with high selectivity and less side effects merits considerable efforts. Arctium lappa, also known as burdock, is widely consumed in East Asia, Europe and America to promote well-being for hundreds of years. In Chinese traditional medicine, Arctium lappa (mainly roots, and, to a less extend, seeds and leaves) is an important herbal medicinal preparation. It is commonly used for alleviating symptoms of inflammatory disorders, such as anemopyretic cold, cough, measles, urticaria and furuncle (Shin et al., 2015; Zhao et al., 2009). In addition, Arctium lappa is applied to treat various skin disorders including eczema and acne (Chan et al., 2011; Miglani and Manchanda, 2014). Lignans are the most characteristic phytoconstituents of Arctium lappa. Among them, ATG (Formula:C21H24O6; PubChem CID:64,981) and its glycoside, arctiin are the major bioactive compounds (Fig. 1). ATG, rich in roots and seeds of Arctium lappa, has attracted a great deal of attention due to its prominent therapeutic potential. It possesses many biological activities such as anti-oxidative stress (Lü et al., 2016), anti-cancer (He et al., 2018; Shabgah et al., 2021), anti-virus (Gao et al., 2018a) and anti-inflammation (Hyam et al., 2013; Zhao et al., 2009). Significant curative effects of ATG have been demonstrated on a wide range of human diseases including cancers, autoimmune disorders, chronic diseases, viral infections and other health concerns. The bioactivity of ATG largely depend on its chemical structure. For instance, the chiral carbon atom in the lactone ring is essential for the anti-tumor effect of ATG as (–)-arctigenin exhibits greater tumor suppression effect than (+)-arctigenin (Awale et al., 2014). Furthermore, the dibenzyl butyrolactone is key for the interactions between ATG and proteins. (-)-arctiin is a member of the class of compounds known as lignan glycosides. Lignan glycosides are aromatic polycyclic compounds containing a carbohydrate component glycosidically linked to a lignan moiety. They include 1-aryltetralin lactones (-)-arctiin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). (-)-arctiin can be found in burdock, which makes (-)-arctiin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Arctiin is a glycoside and a lignan. Arctiin is a natural product found in Abeliophyllum distichum, Forsythia suspensa, and other organisms with data available. Arctiin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=20362-31-6 (retrieved 2024-06-28) (CAS RN: 20362-31-6). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Arctiin (NSC 315527) is a plant lignan extracted from burdock seeds and has anti-cancer activity. Arctiin (NSC 315527) is a plant lignan extracted from burdock seeds and has anti-cancer activity.
(-)-dehydrocostus lactone
Dehydrocostus lactone is an organic heterotricyclic compound and guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone that is acrylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4-hydroxy-3,8-bis(methylene)decahydoazulen-5-yl group and in which the hydroxy group and the carboxy group have undergone formal condensation to afford the corresponding gamma-lactone. It has a role as a metabolite, a trypanocidal drug, an antineoplastic agent, a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, an antimycobacterial drug and an apoptosis inducer. It is a sesquiterpene lactone, a guaiane sesquiterpenoid, an organic heterotricyclic compound and a gamma-lactone. Dehydrocostus lactone is a natural product found in Marshallia obovata, Cirsium carolinianum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Arctium lappa Root (part of). An organic heterotricyclic compound and guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone that is acrylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4-hydroxy-3,8-bis(methylene)decahydoazulen-5-yl group and in which the hydroxy group and the carboxy group have undergone formal condensation to afford the corresponding gamma-lactone. CONFIDENCE standard compound; ML_ID 36 Dehydrocostus Lactone is a major sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the roots of Saussurea costus. IC50 value: Target: In vitro: Dehydrocostus Lactone promoted apoptosis with increased activation of caspases 8, 9, 7, 3, enhanced PARP cleavage, decreased Bcl-xL expression and increased levels of Bax, Bak, Bok, Bik, Bmf, and t-Bid. We have demonstrated that Dehydrocostus Lactone inhibits cell growth and induce apoptosis in DU145 cells [1]. Dehydrocostus Lactone inhibits NF-kappaB activation by preventing TNF-alpha-induced degradation and phosphorylation of its inhibitory protein I-kappaB alpha in human leukemia HL-60 cells and that dehydrocostus lactone renders HL-60 cells susceptible to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis by enhancing caspase-8 and caspase-3 activities [2]. Dehydrocostus Lactone inhibited the production of NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme expression. In vivo: Dehydrocostus Lactone decreased the TNF-alpha level in LPS-activated systems in vivo [3]. Dehydrocostus Lactone is a major sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the roots of Saussurea costus. IC50 value: Target: In vitro: Dehydrocostus Lactone promoted apoptosis with increased activation of caspases 8, 9, 7, 3, enhanced PARP cleavage, decreased Bcl-xL expression and increased levels of Bax, Bak, Bok, Bik, Bmf, and t-Bid. We have demonstrated that Dehydrocostus Lactone inhibits cell growth and induce apoptosis in DU145 cells [1]. Dehydrocostus Lactone inhibits NF-kappaB activation by preventing TNF-alpha-induced degradation and phosphorylation of its inhibitory protein I-kappaB alpha in human leukemia HL-60 cells and that dehydrocostus lactone renders HL-60 cells susceptible to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis by enhancing caspase-8 and caspase-3 activities [2]. Dehydrocostus Lactone inhibited the production of NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme expression. In vivo: Dehydrocostus Lactone decreased the TNF-alpha level in LPS-activated systems in vivo [3].
Ailanthone
Ailanthone is a triterpenoid. Ailanthone (Δ13-Dehydrochaparrinone) is a potent inhibitor of both full-length androgen receptor (AR) (IC50=69?nM) and constitutively active truncated AR splice variants (AR1-651 IC50=309?nM). Ailanthone (Δ13-Dehydrochaparrinone) is a potent inhibitor of both full-length androgen receptor (AR) (IC50=69?nM) and constitutively active truncated AR splice variants (AR1-651 IC50=309?nM).
alpha-Hederin
Kalopanaxsaponin A is a triterpenoid saponin that is hederagenin attached to a 2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory agent and a plant metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, a triterpenoid saponin, a disaccharide derivative and a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid. It is functionally related to a hederagenin. alpha-Hederin is a natural product found in Lonicera japonica, Hedera caucasigena, and other organisms with data available. A triterpenoid saponin that is hederagenin attached to a 2-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus. alpha-Hederin (α-Hederin), a monodesmosidic triterpenoid saponin, exhibits promising antitumor potential against a variety of human cancer cell lines. alpha-Hederin could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer accompanied by glutathione decrement and reactive oxygen species generation via activating mitochondrial dependent pathway[1]. alpha-Hederin (α-Hederin), a monodesmosidic triterpenoid saponin, exhibits promising antitumor potential against a variety of human cancer cell lines. alpha-Hederin could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer accompanied by glutathione decrement and reactive oxygen species generation via activating mitochondrial dependent pathway[1].
Bufotalin
Bufotalin is a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Bufotalin is a natural product found in Bufo gargarizans, Duttaphrynus melanostictus Bufotalin is a cardiotoxic bufanolide steroid, cardiac glycoside analogue, secreted by a number of toad species.[2][3] Bufotalin can be extracted from the skin parotoid glands of several types of toad. Rhinella marina (Cane toad), Rhaebo guttatus (Smooth-sided toad), Bufo melanostictus (Asian toad), and Bufo bufo (common European toad) are sources of bufotalin. Traditional medicine Bufotalin is part of Ch'an Su, a traditional Chinese medicine used for cancer. It is also known as Venenum Bufonis or senso (Japanese).[5] Toxicity Specifically, in cats the lethal median dose is 0.13 mg/kg.[1] and in dogs is 0.36 mg/kg (intravenous).[6] Knowing this it is advisable to monitor those functions continuously using an EKG. As there is no antidote against bufotalin all occurring symptoms need to be treated separately or if possible in combination with others. To increase the clearance theoretically, due to the similarities with digitoxin, cholestyramine, a bile salt, might help.[6] Recent animal studies have shown that taurine restores cardiac functions.[7] Symptomatic measures include lignocaine, atropine and phenytoin for cardiac toxicity and intravenous potassium compounds to correct hyperkalaemia from its effect on the Na+/K+ ATPase pump.[6] Pharmacology and mechanism of action After a single intravenous injection, bufotalin gets quickly distributed and eliminated from the blood plasma with a half-time of 28.6 minutes and a MRT of 14.7 min. After 30 minutes after an administration of bufotalin, the concentrations within the brain and lungs are significantly higher than those in blood and other tissues.[8] It also increases cancer cell's susceptibility to apoptosis via TNF-α signalling by the BH3 interacting domain death agonist and STAT proteins.[9] Bufotalin induces apoptosis in vitro in human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep 3B cells and might involve caspases and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF).[10] The use of bufotalin as a cancer treating compound is still in the experimental phase. It also arrests cell cycle at G(2)/M, by up- and down- regulation of several enzymes. Bufotalin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=471-95-4 (retrieved 2024-06-29) (CAS RN: 471-95-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation[1][2]. Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation[1][2].
Cynaropicrin
Constituent of Cynara scolymus (artichoke). Cynaropicrin is found in cardoon, globe artichoke, and root vegetables. Cynaropicrin is found in cardoon. Cynaropicrin is a constituent of Cynara scolymus (artichoke). Cynaropicrin is a sesquiterpene lactone. Cynaropicrin is a natural product found in Pleiotaxis rugosa, Pseudostifftia kingii, and other organisms with data available. See also: Cynara scolymus leaf (part of). D009676 - Noxae > D003603 - Cytotoxins Cynaropicrin is a sesquiterpene lactone which can inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) release with IC50s of 8.24 and 3.18 μM for murine and human macrophage cells, respectively. Cynaropicrin also inhibits the increase of cartilage degradation factor (MMP13) and suppresses NF-κB signaling. Cynaropicrin is a sesquiterpene lactone which can inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) release with IC50s of 8.24 and 3.18 μM for murine and human macrophage cells, respectively. Cynaropicrin also inhibits the increase of cartilage degradation factor (MMP13) and suppresses NF-κB signaling.
DL-Kavain
Kawain is a member of 2-pyranones and an aromatic ether. Kavain is a natural product found in Piper methysticum, Alnus sieboldiana, and Piper majusculum with data available. See also: Piper methysticum root (part of). (R)-Kawain is found in beverages. (R)-Kawain is found in the roots of kava (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damage (2002). Found in the roots of kava (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damage (2002) D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014151 - Anti-Anxiety Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000927 - Anticonvulsants (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. Kavain is a class of kavalactone isolated from Piper methysticum, which has anxiolytic properties in animals and humans. Kavain positively modulated γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor[1]. Kavain is a class of kavalactone isolated from Piper methysticum, which has anxiolytic properties in animals and humans. Kavain positively modulated γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor[1]. Kavain is a class of kavalactone isolated from Piper methysticum, which has anxiolytic properties in animals and humans. Kavain positively modulated γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor[1].
Acetophenone
Acetophenone appears as a colorless liquid with a sweet pungent taste and odor resembling the odor of oranges. Freezes under cool conditions. Slightly soluble in water and denser than water. Hence sinks in water. Vapor heavier than air. A mild irritant to skin and eyes. Vapors can be narcotic in high concentrations. Used as a flavoring, solvent, and polymerization catalyst. Acetophenone is a methyl ketone that is acetone in which one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group. It has a role as a photosensitizing agent, an animal metabolite and a xenobiotic. Acetophenone is used for fragrance in soaps and perfumes, as a flavoring agent in foods, and as a solvent for plastics and resins. Acute (short-term) exposure to acetophenone vapor may produce skin irritation and transient corneal injury in humans. No information is available on the chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of acetophenone in humans. EPA has classified acetophenone as a Group D, not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. Acetophenone is a natural product found in Nepeta nepetella, Hypericum hyssopifolium, and other organisms with data available. Acetophenone is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Acetophenone is the organic compound with the formula C6H5C(O)CH3. It is the simplest aromatic ketone. This colourless, viscous liquid is a precursor to useful resins and fragrances. Acetophenone is found in chicory. Acetophenone is a flavouring ingredient used in fruit flavours. Acetophenone is a raw material for the synthesis of some pharmaceuticals and is also listed as an approved excipient by the U.S. FDA. In a 1994 report released by five top cigarette companies in the U.S., acetophenone was listed as one of the 599 additives to cigarettes. A methyl ketone that is acetone in which one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group. D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents Flavouring ingredient used in fruit flavours; leavening agent D003879 - Dermatologic Agents Acetophenone is an organic compound with simple structure[1]. Acetophenone is an organic compound with simple structure[1].
Disogluside
Diosgenin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside is a sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside having diosgenin as the sterol component. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside, a monosaccharide derivative, a hexacyclic triterpenoid and a spiroketal. It is functionally related to a diosgenin. It derives from a hydride of a spirostan. Disogluside is a natural product found in Allium rotundum, Allium narcissiflorum, and other organisms with data available. Capsicoside A3 is found in herbs and spices. Capsicoside A3 is a constituent of Capsicum annuum roots. C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent Diosgenin glucoside, a saponin compound extracted from Trillium tschonoskii, provides neuroprotection by regulating microglial M1 polarization. Diosgenin glucoside protects against spinal cord injury by regulating autophagy and alleviating apoptosis [1][2]. Diosgenin glucoside, a saponin compound extracted from Trillium tschonoskii, provides neuroprotection by regulating microglial M1 polarization. Diosgenin glucoside protects against spinal cord injury by regulating autophagy and alleviating apoptosis [1][2].
Isofraxidin
Isofraxidin, also known as 6,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin or 7-hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2h-1-benzopyran-2-one, is a member of the class of compounds known as 7-hydroxycoumarins. 7-hydroxycoumarins are coumarins that contain one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the C7 position the coumarin skeleton. Isofraxidin is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Isofraxidin can be found in muskmelon, tarragon, and watermelon, which makes isofraxidin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Isofraxidin is a chemical compound found in a variety of plants including Eleutherococcus senticosus . Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2]. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2].
Irigenin
Irigenin, also known as 5,7,3-trihydroxy-6,4,5-trimethoxyisoflavone, is a member of the class of compounds known as 3-hydroxy,4-methoxyisoflavonoids. 3-hydroxy,4-methoxyisoflavonoids are isoflavonoids carrying a methoxy group attached to the C4 atom, as well as a hydroxyl group at the C3-position of the isoflavonoid backbone. Thus, irigenin is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. Irigenin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Irigenin can be synthesized from isoflavone. Irigenin can also be synthesized into iridin. Irigenin can be found in lima bean, which makes irigenin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Irigenin is an O-methylated isoflavone, a type of flavonoid. It can be isolated from the rhizomes of the leopard lily (Belamcanda chinensis), and Iris kemaonensis . Irigenin is a hydroxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 3 and methoxy groups at positions 6, 4 and 5 respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a hydroxyisoflavone and a member of 4-methoxyisoflavones. It is functionally related to an isoflavone. Irigenin is a natural product found in Iris milesii, Iris tectorum, and other organisms with data available. Irigenin is a is a lead compound, and mediates its anti-metastatic effect by specifically and selectively blocking α9β1 and α4β1 integrins binding sites on C-C loop of Extra Domain A (EDA). Irigenin shows anti-cancer properties. It sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis via enhancing pro-apoptotic molecules in gastric cancer cells[1]. Irigenin is a is a lead compound, and mediates its anti-metastatic effect by specifically and selectively blocking α9β1 and α4β1 integrins binding sites on C-C loop of Extra Domain A (EDA). Irigenin shows anti-cancer properties. It sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis via enhancing pro-apoptotic molecules in gastric cancer cells[1].
Capsaicin
Capsaicin is a capsaicinoid. It has a role as a non-narcotic analgesic, a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker and a TRPV1 agonist. Capsaicin is most often used as a topical analgesic and exists in many formulations of cream, liquid, and patch preparations of various strengths; however, it may also be found in some dietary supplements. Capsaicin is a naturally-occurring botanical irritant in chili peppers, synthetically derived for pharmaceutical formulations. The most recent capsaicin FDA approval was Qutenza, an 8\\\\\\% capsaicin patch dermal-delivery system, indicated for neuropathic pain associated with post-herpetic neuralgia. Capsaicin is a natural product found in Capsicum pubescens, Capsicum, and Capsicum annuum with data available. Capsaicin is a chili pepper extract with analgesic properties. Capsaicin is a neuropeptide releasing agent selective for primary sensory peripheral neurons. Used topically, capsaicin aids in controlling peripheral nerve pain. This agent has been used experimentally to manipulate substance P and other tachykinins. In addition, capsaicin may be useful in controlling chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced mucositis. Capsaicin is identified as the primary pungent principle in Capsicum fruits. Hot chili peppers that belong to the plant genus Capsicum (family Solanaceae) are among the most heavily consumed spices throughout the world. The capsaicin content of green and red peppers ranges from 0.1 to 1\\\\\\%. Capsaicin evokes numerous biological effects and thus has been the target of extensive., investigations since its initial identification in 1919. One of the most recognized physiological properties of capsaicin is its selective effects on the peripheral part of the sensory nervous system, particularly on the primary afferent neurons. The compound is known to deplete the neurotransmitter of painful impulses known as substance P from the sensory nerve terminals, which provides a rationale for its use as a versatile experimental tool for studying pain mechanisms and also for pharmacotherapy to treat some peripheral painful states, such as rheumatoid arthritis, post-herpetic neuralgia, post-mastectomy pain syndrome and diabetic neuropathy. Considering the frequent consumption of capsaicin as a food additive and its current therapeutic application, correct assessment of any harmful effects of this compound is important from the public health standpoint. Ingestion of large amounts of capsaicin has been reported to cause histopathological and biochemical changes, including erosion of gastric mucosa and hepatic necrosis. However, there are contradictory data on the mutagenicity of capsaicin. A recent epidemiological study conducted in Mexico revealed that consumers of chili pepper were at higher risk for gastric cancer than non-consumers. However, it remains unclear whether capsaicin present in hot chili pepper is a major causative factor in the aetiology of gastric cancer in humans. A growing number of recent studies have focused on anticarcinogenic or antimutagenic phytochemicals, particularly those included in human diet. In summary, capsaicin has dual effects on chemically induced carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. Although a minute amount of capsaicin displays few or no deleterious effects, heavy ingestion of the compound has been associated with necrosis, ulceration and even carcinogenesis. Capsaicin is considered to be metabolized by cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed-function oxidases to reactive species. (A7835). An alkylamide found in CAPSICUM that acts at TRPV CATION CHANNELS. See also: Capsicum (part of); Capsicum Oleoresin (active moiety of); Paprika (part of) ... View More ... Capsaicin is identified as the primary pungent principle in Capsicum fruits. Hot chili peppers that belong to the plant genus Capsicum (family Solanaceae) are among the most heavily consumed spices throughout the world. The capsaicin content of green and red peppers ranges from 0.1 to 1\\\\\\%. Capsaicin evokes numerous biological effects and thus has been the target of extensive., investigations since its initial identification in 1919. One of the most recognized physiological properties of capsaicin is its selective effects on the peripheral part of the sensory nervous system, particularly on the primary afferent neurons. The compound is known to deplete the neurotransmitter of painful impulses known as substance P from the sensory nerve terminals, which provides a rationale for its use as a versatile experimental tool for studying pain mechanisms and also for pharmacotherapy to treat some peripheral painful states, such as rheumatoid arthritis, post-herpetic neuralgia, post-mastectomy pain syndrome and diabetic neuropathy. Considering the frequent consumption of capsaicin as a food additive and its current therapeutic application, correct assessment of any harmful effects of this compound is important from the public health standpoint. Ingestion of large amounts of capsaicin has been reported to cause histopathological and biochemical changes, including erosion of gastric mucosa and hepatic necrosis. However, there are contradictory data on the mutagenicity of capsaicin. A recent epidemiological study conducted in Mexico revealed that consumers of chili pepper were at higher risk for gastric cancer than non-consumers. However, it remains unclear whether capsaicin present in hot chili pepper is a major causative factor in the aetiology of gastric cancer in humans. A growing number of recent studies have focused on anticarcinogenic or antimutagenic phytochemicals, particularly those included in human diet. In summary, capsaicin has dual effects on chemically induced carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. Although a minute amount of capsaicin displays few or no deleterious effects, heavy ingestion of the compound has been associated with necrosis, ulceration and even carcinogenesis. Capsaicin is considered to be metabolized by cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed-function oxidases to reactive species. (PMID: 8621114). M - Musculo-skeletal system > M02 - Topical products for joint and muscular pain > M02A - Topical products for joint and muscular pain > M02AB - Capsaicin and similar agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C241 - Analgesic Agent > C2198 - Nonnarcotic Analgesic Flavouring ingredient. Pungent principle of various Capsicum subspecies (Solanaceae) D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01B - Anesthetics, local D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.208 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.207 Capsaicin ((E)-Capsaicin), an active component of chili peppers, is a TRPV1 agonist. Capsaicin has pain relief, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection and anti-cancer effects[1][2]. Capsaicin ((E)-Capsaicin), an active component of chili peppers, is a TRPV1 agonist. Capsaicin has pain relief, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection and anti-cancer effects[1][2]. Capsaicinoid is a mixture of Capsaicin and Dihydrocapsaicin. Capsaicinoid is an capsaicin receptor (TRPV1) agonist[1][2]. Capsaicinoid is a mixture of Capsaicin and Dihydrocapsaicin. Capsaicinoid is an capsaicin receptor (TRPV1) agonist[1][2].
Isopimpinellin
Isopimpinellin is a member of psoralens. Isopimpinellin is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum mayu, Zanthoxylum ovalifolium, and other organisms with data available. Isopimpinellin is found in angelica. Isopimpinellin is present in the seeds of Pastinaca sativa (parsnip) Isopimpinellin belongs to the family of Furanocoumarins. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a furan ring fused to a coumarin moeity. See also: Angelica keiskei top (part of). Present in the seeds of Pastinaca sativa (parsnip). Isopimpinellin is found in many foods, some of which are carrot, anise, celery stalks, and fennel. Isopimpinellin is found in angelica. Isopimpinellin is present in the seeds of Pastinaca sativa (parsnip D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents > D011564 - Furocoumarins Isopimpinellin, an orally active compound isolated from Glomerella cingulata. Isopimpinellin blocks DNA adduct formation and skin tumor initiation by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Isopimpinellin possesses anti-leishmania effect[1]. Isopimpinellin, an orally active compound isolated from Glomerella cingulata. Isopimpinellin blocks DNA adduct formation and skin tumor initiation by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Isopimpinellin possesses anti-leishmania effect[1].
Tacrolimus Hydrate
Tacrolimus (also FK-506 or Fujimycin) is an immunosuppressive drug whose main use is after organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patients immune system and so the risk of organ rejection. It is also used in a topical preparation in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis, severe refractory uveitis after bone marrow transplants, and the skin condition vitiligo. It was discovered in 1984 from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis. Tacrolimus is chemically known as a macrolide. It reduces peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity by binding to the immunophilin FKBP-12 (FK506 binding protein) creating a new complex. This FKBP12-FK506 complex interacts with and inhibits calcineurin thus inhibiting both T-lymphocyte signal transduction and IL-2 transcription. It is used in foods as emulsifier, stabiliser, thickener, gelling agent, formulation aid and firming agent; ice-cream stabiliser, used to improve the yield of curds in soft cheese, to increase the yield of doughs and baked products, as a binder and lubricant in sausages, and as thickener or viscosity control agent in beverages, salad dressings and relishes D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents > D016559 - Tacrolimus D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065095 - Calcineurin Inhibitors Tacrolimus (anhydrous) is a macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis. It has a role as an immunosuppressive agent and a bacterial metabolite. Tacrolimus (also FK-506 or Fujimycin) is an immunosuppressive drug whose main use is after organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patients immune system and so the risk of organ rejection. It is also used in a topical preparation in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis, severe refractory uveitis after bone marrow transplants, and the skin condition vitiligo. It was discovered in 1984 from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis. Tacrolimus is chemically known as a macrolide. It reduces peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity by binding to the immunophilin FKBP-12 (FK506 binding protein) creating a new complex. This FKBP12-FK506 complex inhibits calcineurin which inhibits T-lymphocyte signal transduction and IL-2 transcription. Tacrolimus anhydrous is a Calcineurin Inhibitor Immunosuppressant. The mechanism of action of tacrolimus anhydrous is as a Calcineurin Inhibitor. Tacrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor and potent immunosuppressive agent used largely as a means of prophylaxis against cellular rejection after transplantation. Tacrolimus therapy can be associated with mild serum enzyme elevations, and it has been linked to rare instances of clinically apparent cholestatic liver injury. Tacrolimus is a natural product found in Streptomyces clavuligerus, Streptomyces hygroscopicus, and other organisms with data available. Tacrolimus is a macrolide isolated from Streptomyces tsukubaensis. Tacrolimus binds to the FKBP-12 protein and forms a complex with calcium-dependent proteins, thereby inhibiting calcineurin phosphatase activity and resulting in decreased cytokine production. This agent exhibits potent immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. Tacrolimus possesses similar immunosuppressive properties to cyclosporine, but is more potent. Tacrolimus Anhydrous is anhydrous from of tacrolimus, a macrolide isolated from Streptomyces tsukubaensis. Tacrolimus binds to the FKBP-12 protein and forms a complex with calcium-dependent proteins, thereby inhibiting calcineurin phosphatase activity and resulting in decreased cytokine production. This agent exhibits potent immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. Tacrolimus possesses similar immunosuppressive properties to cyclosporine, but is more potent. A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro. D - Dermatologicals > D11 - Other dermatological preparations > D11A - Other dermatological preparations > D11AH - Agents for dermatitis, excluding corticosteroids L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L04 - Immunosuppressants > L04A - Immunosuppressants > L04AD - Calcineurin inhibitors C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C574 - Immunosuppressant > C146638 - Calcineurin Inhibitor COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Dendrobine
Dendrobine is a member of indoles. Dendroban-12-one is a natural product found in Dendrobium chrysanthum, Dendrobium linawianum, and Dendrobium nobile with data available. Dendrobine is an alkaloid isolated from Dendrobium nobile. Dendrobine possesses antiviral activity against influenza A viruses, with IC50s of 3.39 μM, 2.16 μM and 5.32 μM for A/FM-1/1/47 (H1N1), A/Puerto Rico/8/34 H274Y (H1N1) and A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2), respectively[1]. Dendrobine is an alkaloid isolated from Dendrobium nobile. Dendrobine possesses antiviral activity against influenza A viruses, with IC50s of 3.39 μM, 2.16 μM and 5.32 μM for A/FM-1/1/47 (H1N1), A/Puerto Rico/8/34 H274Y (H1N1) and A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2), respectively[1].
Pectolinarigenin
Pectolinarigenin is a dimethoxyflavone that is the 6,4-dimethyl ether derivative of scutellarein. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a dimethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a scutellarein. Pectolinarigenin is a natural product found in Eupatorium cannabinum, Chromolaena odorata, and other organisms with data available. Pectolinarigenin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. Anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarigenin has potent inhibitory activities on melanogenesis[2]. Pectolinarigenin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. Anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarigenin has potent inhibitory activities on melanogenesis[2]. Pectolinarigenin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. Anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarigenin has potent inhibitory activities on melanogenesis[2].
Magnoflorine
(S)-magnoflorine is an aporphine alkaloid that is (S)-corytuberine in which the nitrogen has been quaternised by an additional methyl group. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an aporphine alkaloid and a quaternary ammonium ion. It is functionally related to a (S)-corytuberine. Magnoflorine is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum myriacanthum, Fumaria capreolata, and other organisms with data available. See also: Caulophyllum thalictroides Root (part of).
Cimifugin
Cimifugin is an oxacycle and an organic heterotricyclic compound. Cimifugin is a natural product found in Eranthis cilicica, Ostericum grosseserratum, and other organisms with data available. Cimifugin (Cimitin) is a bioactive component of Cimicifuga racemosa, a Chinese herb. Cimifugin suppresses allergic inflammation by reducing epithelial derived initiative key factors via regulating tight junctions[1]. Cimifugin reduces the migration and chemotaxis of RAW264.7 cells and inhibits the release of inflammatory factors and activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways induced by LPS[2]. Cimifugin (Cimitin) is a bioactive component of Cimicifuga racemosa, a Chinese herb. Cimifugin suppresses allergic inflammation by reducing epithelial derived initiative key factors via regulating tight junctions[1]. Cimifugin reduces the migration and chemotaxis of RAW264.7 cells and inhibits the release of inflammatory factors and activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways induced by LPS[2].
Poncirin
(2S)-poncirin is a flavanone glycoside that is 4-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone attached to a neohesperidose (alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranose) residue via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the fruits of Poncirus trifoliata and exhibits inhibitory activity against liopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced prostaglandin E2 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a monomethoxyflavanone, a flavanone glycoside, a disaccharide derivative, a neohesperidoside and a member of 4-methoxyflavanones. It is functionally related to a 4-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone. Poncirin is a natural product found in Citrus medica, Micromeria graeca, and other organisms with data available. Isolated from Citrus subspecies Poncirin is found in many foods, some of which are citrus, grapefruit, lemon, and grapefruit/pummelo hybrid. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Poncirin is found in citrus. Poncirin is isolated from Citrus specie Poncirin is isolated from?Poncirus trifoliata with anti-inflammory activites. Poncirin significantly reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain models[1]. Poncirin is isolated from?Poncirus trifoliata with anti-inflammory activites. Poncirin significantly reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain models[1].
3-Butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone
(Z)-3-butylidenephthalide is a gamma-lactone that is phthalide substituted by a butylidene group at position 3. Isolated from Ligusticum porteri, it exhibits hypoglycemic activity. It has a role as a metabolite, a hypoglycemic agent and an EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor. It is a member of 2-benzofurans and a gamma-lactone. It is functionally related to a 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one. Butylidenephthalide is a natural product found in Ligusticum striatum, Angelica sinensis, and other organisms with data available. (Z)-3-Butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone is found in herbs and spices. (Z)-3-Butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone is a constituent of Angelica glauca Flavouring ingredient. 3-Butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone is found in wild celery and lovage. 3-Butylidenephthalide (Butylidenephthalide) is a phthalic anhydride derivative identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, and has larvicidal activity (LC50 of 1.56 mg/g for Spodoptera litura larvae)[1]. 3-Butylidenephthalide (Butylidenephthalide) is a phthalic anhydride derivative identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, and has larvicidal activity (LC50 of 1.56 mg/g for Spodoptera litura larvae)[1].
Dauricine
Dauricine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid resulting from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 4-{[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]methyl}phenol by attachment of the phenolic oxygen of one molecule to the benzene ring of the second (ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group of the latter). It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a tertiary amino compound, a member of phenols, an aromatic ether, a member of isoquinolines and a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Dauricine is a natural product found in Nelumbo nucifera, Menispermum canadense, and Menispermum dauricum with data available. A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid resulting from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 4-{[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]methyl}phenol by attachment of the phenolic oxygen of one molecule to the benzene ring of the second (ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group of the latter). D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D010975 - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents Dauricine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid in Menispermum dauricum, possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Dauricine inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, and induces apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner in colon cancer[1]. Dauricine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid in Menispermum dauricum, possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Dauricine inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, and induces apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner in colon cancer[1].
Asperuloside
Asperuloside is a iridoid monoterpenoid glycoside isolated from Galium verum. It has a role as a metabolite. It is an iridoid monoterpenoid, a beta-D-glucoside, a monosaccharide derivative, an acetate ester and a gamma-lactone. Asperuloside is a natural product found in Lasianthus curtisii, Galium spurium, and other organisms with data available. See also: Galium aparine whole (part of). A iridoid monoterpenoid glycoside isolated from Galium verum. Asperuloside is an iridoid isolated from Hedyotis diffusa, with anti-inflammatory activity. Asperuloside inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), suppresses NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways[1]. Asperuloside is an iridoid isolated from Hedyotis diffusa, with anti-inflammatory activity. Asperuloside inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), suppresses NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways[1].
Pinosylvin
Pinosylvin is a stilbenol. Pinosylvin is a natural product found in Alnus pendula, Calligonum leucocladum, and other organisms with data available. Pinosylvin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=22139-77-1 (retrieved 2024-07-12) (CAS RN: 22139-77-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Pinosylvin is a?pre-infectious stilbenoid toxin?isolated from the heartwood of Pinus species, has anti-bacterial activities[1]. Pinosylvin is a resveratrol analogue, can induce cell apoptosis and autophapy in leukemia cells[2]. Pinosylvin is a?pre-infectious stilbenoid toxin?isolated from the heartwood of Pinus species, has anti-bacterial activities[1]. Pinosylvin is a resveratrol analogue, can induce cell apoptosis and autophapy in leukemia cells[2].
(R)-Methysticin
Methysticin is a member of 2-pyranones and an aromatic ether. Methysticin is a natural product found in Piper methysticum and Piper majusculum with data available. See also: Piper methysticum root (part of). (R)-Methysticin is found in beverages. (R)-Methysticin is found in kava (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damage (2002). Found in kava (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damage (2002) Methylsticin is a kavalactone isolated from the Piper methysticum . Methylsticin exhibit osteoclast formation inhibitory activity[1]. Methylsticin is a kavalactone isolated from the Piper methysticum . Methylsticin exhibit osteoclast formation inhibitory activity[1].
Yangonin
Yangonin is a member of 2-pyranones and an aromatic ether. Yangonin is a natural product found in Piper methysticum, Ranunculus silerifolius, and Piper majusculum with data available. See also: Piper methysticum root (part of). Yangonin is found in beverages. Yangonin is found in kava root (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damage (2002). Found in kava root (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damage (2002) Yangonin exhibits affinity for the human recombinant cannabinoid CB1 receptor with an IC50 and a Ki of 1.79 μM and 0.72 μM, respectively. Yangonin exhibits affinity for the human recombinant cannabinoid CB1 receptor with an IC50 and a Ki of 1.79 μM and 0.72 μM, respectively.
Telocinobufagin
Telocinobufagin is a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Telocinobufagin is a natural product found in Bufo gargarizans, Bufo bufo, and other organisms with data available. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides Telocinobufagin is one of anti-hepatoma constituent in Venenum Bufonis. Telocinobufagin is one of anti-hepatoma constituent in Venenum Bufonis.
Cafestol
Cafestol is an organic heteropentacyclic compound and furan diterpenoid with formula C20H28O3 obtained from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee oil (a lipid fraction obtained from coffee beans by organic solvent extraction). It has a role as a plant metabolite, an apoptosis inducer, a hypoglycemic agent, an angiogenesis inhibitor, an antineoplastic agent, an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is an organic heteropentacyclic compound, a tertiary alcohol, a diterpenoid, a member of furans and a primary alcohol. Cafestol is a natural product found in Coffea arabica, Diplospora dubia, and other organisms with data available. Cafestol is found in arabica coffee. Cafestol is a constituent of coffee bean oil. Cafestol is present in boiled-type coffee beverages. Possesses hypercholesterolaemic activity. Diterpenoid constits. of coffee products are associated with cardiotoxic properties Cafestol is a diterpene molecule present in coffee Cafestol is a diterpene molecule and is a constituent of coffee bean oil. It is found in boiled-type coffee beverages. Possesses hypercholesterolaemic activity. Diterpenoid constitsuents of coffee products are associated with cardiotoxic props. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1]. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1]. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1].
Feretoside
Scandoside methyl ester is a terpene glycoside. Scandoside methyl ester is a natural product found in Feretia apodanthera, Gardenia jasminoides, and other organisms with data available.
Eurycomalactone
Eurycomalactone is a steroid lactone. Eurycomalactone is a natural product found in Eurycoma longifolia with data available. Eurycomalactone is an active quassinoid could be isolated from Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Eurycomalactone is a potent NF-κB inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.5 μM. Eurycomalactone inhibits protein synthesis and depletes cyclin D1. Eurycomalactone enhances radiosensitivity through arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase and delayed DNA double-strand break repair. Eurycomalactone inhibits the activation of AKT/NF-κB signaling, induces apoptosis and enhances chemosensitivity to Cisplatin (HY-17394)[1][2][3].
Bellidifolin
Bellidifolin is a member of the xanthone family that is bellidin substituted with a methyl group at O-3. A natural product found particularly in Swertia chirata and Gentianella campestris. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, a hypoglycemic agent and a metabolite. It is a member of xanthones and a polyphenol. It is functionally related to a bellidin. Bellidifolin is a natural product found in Gentiana orbicularis, Gentianella amarella, and other organisms with data available. Bellidifolin is a xanthone isolated from the stems of Swertia punicea, with hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities[1][2][3]. Bellidifolin also acts as a viral protein R (Vpr) inhibitor[4]. Bellidifolin is a xanthone isolated from the stems of Swertia punicea, with hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities[1][2][3]. Bellidifolin also acts as a viral protein R (Vpr) inhibitor[4].
Obtusifolin
Obtusifolin is a dihydroxyanthraquinone. Obtusifolin is a natural product found in Senna obtusifolia and Senna tora with data available. Obtusifolin, isolated from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, regulates the gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin in airway epithelial cells via inhibiting NF-kB pathway[1]. Obtusifolin suppresses phthalate esters-induced breast cancer bone metastasis by targeting parathyroid hormone-related protein[2]. Obtusifolin, isolated from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, regulates the gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin in airway epithelial cells via inhibiting NF-kB pathway[1]. Obtusifolin suppresses phthalate esters-induced breast cancer bone metastasis by targeting parathyroid hormone-related protein[2].
Sclareol
Sclareol is a labdane diterpenoid that is labd-14-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 8 and 13. It has been isolated from Salvia sclarea. It has a role as an antimicrobial agent, an apoptosis inducer, a fragrance, an antifungal agent and a plant metabolite. Sclareol is a natural product found in Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma wenyujin, and other organisms with data available. See also: Clary Sage Oil (part of). Constituent of Salvia sclarea (clary sage). Sclareol is found in many foods, some of which are common thyme, herbs and spices, tea, and nutmeg. Sclareol is found in alcoholic beverages. Sclareol is a constituent of Salvia sclarea (clary sage) Sclareol is isolated from Salvia sclarea with anticarcinogenic activity. Sclareol shows strong cytotoxic activity against mouse leukemia?(P-388), human epidermal?carcinoma?(KB) cells and human?leukemia?cell lines. Sclareol induces cell apoptosis[1]. Sclareol is isolated from Salvia sclarea with anticarcinogenic activity. Sclareol shows strong cytotoxic activity against mouse leukemia?(P-388), human epidermal?carcinoma?(KB) cells and human?leukemia?cell lines. Sclareol induces cell apoptosis[1].
[8]-Gingerol
(8)-Gingerol is a beta-hydroxy ketone, a member of phenols and a monomethoxybenzene. (8)-Gingerol is a natural product found in Zingiber officinale with data available. See also: Ginger (part of). (S)-[8]-Gingerol is found in ginger. (S)-[8]-Gingerol is a constituent of ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale. Constituent of ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale. (S)-[8]-Gingerol is found in herbs and spices and ginger. 8-Gingerol, found in the rhizomes of ginger (Z. officinale) with oral bioavailability, activates TRPV1, with an EC50 of 5.0 μM. 8-Gingerol inhibits COX-2, and inhibits the growth of H. pylori in vitro[1][2]. 8-Gingerol, found in the rhizomes of ginger (Z. officinale) with oral bioavailability, activates TRPV1, with an EC50 of 5.0 μM. 8-Gingerol inhibits COX-2, and inhibits the growth of H. pylori in vitro[1][2].
Salutaridine
Salutaridine is a morphinane alkaloid from the opium poppy, in which the 5,6,8,14-tetradehydromorphinan-7-one skeleton is substituted at position 4 by a hydroxyl group, positions 3 and 6 by methoxy groups and position N17 by a methyl group. An intermediate in the biosynthesis of narcotic analgesics such as morphine and codeine. It has a role as a metabolite and an anti-HBV agent. It is a conjugate base of a salutaridinium(1+). It derives from a hydride of a morphinan. Salutaridine is a natural product found in Sarcocapnos saetabensis, Platycapnos saxicola, and other organisms with data available. A morphinane alkaloid from the opium poppy, in which the 5,6,8,14-tetradehydromorphinan-7-one skeleton is substituted at position 4 by a hydroxyl group, positions 3 and 6 by methoxy groups and position N17 by a methyl group. An intermediate in the biosynthesis of narcotic analgesics such as morphine and codeine. D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics > D053610 - Opiate Alkaloids
Worenin
Worenine is an alkaloid.
Cucurbitacin
Cucurbitacin S is an 11-oxo steroid. Cucurbitacin S is a natural product found in Cucurbita foetidissima with data available. Triterpenes that derive from LANOSTEROL by a shift of the C19 methyl to the C9 position. They are found in seeds and roots of CUCURBITACEAE and other plants and are noted for intense bitterness.
Ammonium Glycyrrhizate
Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate is an organic molecular entity. An oleanolic acid from GLYCYRRHIZA that has some antiallergic, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. It is used topically for allergic or infectious skin inflammation and orally for its aldosterone effects in electrolyte regulation. D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents Ammonium glycyrrhizinate (Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) has various pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antigastriculcer, and antihepatitis activities. Ammonium glycyrrhizinate (Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) has various pharmacological actions such as anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antigastriculcer, and antihepatitis activities.
Gossypetin
Gossypetin is a hexahydroxyflavone having the hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3-, 4-, 5- 7- and 8-positions. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a 7-hydroxyflavonol and a hexahydroxyflavone. It is a conjugate acid of a gossypetin-3-olate and a gossypetin(1-). Gossypetin is a natural product found in Sedum brevifolium, Rhododendron stenophyllum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Primula veris flower (part of); Larrea tridentata whole (part of). A hexahydroxyflavone having the hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3-, 4-, 5- 7- and 8-positions.
(-)-alpha-Bisabolol
(-)-alpha-Bisabolol is a sesquiterpenoid. Bisabolol, or more formally α-(−)-bisabolol or also known as levomenol, (-)-alpha-Bisabolol is found in fats and oils. (-)-alpha-Bisabolol is isolated from essential oil of Matricaria chamomilla (German chamomile) (-)-alpha-Bisabolol belongs to the family of Sesquiterpenes. These are terpenes with three consecutive isoprene units. Levomenol is a natural product found in Santolina pectinata, Carthamus glaucus, and other organisms with data available. See also: Chamomile (part of); Adenosine; levomenol (component of); Adenosine; Ascorbic Acid; LEVOMENOL (component of) ... View More ... (-)-alpha-Bisabolol is found in fats and oils. (-)-alpha-Bisabolol is isolated from essential oil of Matricaria chamomilla (German chamomile). alpha-Bisabolol is a nontoxic sesquiterpene alcohol present in natural essential oil, with anticancer activity. alpha-Bisabolol exerts selective anticancer effect on A549 NSCLC cells (IC50=15 μM) via induction of cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. alpha-Bisabolol also strongly induces apoptosis in glioma cells[1][2]. alpha-Bisabolol is a nontoxic sesquiterpene alcohol present in natural essential oil, with anticancer activity. alpha-Bisabolol exerts selective anticancer effect on A549 NSCLC cells (IC50=15 μM) via induction of cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. alpha-Bisabolol also strongly induces apoptosis in glioma cells[1][2]. Levomenol ((-)-α-Bisabolol), a monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol, exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. Levomenol also has neuroprotective effects and prevents neuronal damage and memory deficits through reduction of proinflammatory markers induced by permanent focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Levomenol attenuates nociceptive behaviour and central sensitisation in a rodent model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. Orally active[1][2]. Levomenol ((-)-α-Bisabolol), a monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol, exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. Levomenol also has neuroprotective effects and prevents neuronal damage and memory deficits through reduction of proinflammatory markers induced by permanent focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Levomenol attenuates nociceptive behaviour and central sensitisation in a rodent model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. Orally active[1][2].
indicine
Rinderine is a member of pyrrolizines. Rinderine is a natural product found in Chromolaena odorata, Eupatorium japonicum, and other organisms with data available.
2-Hydroxyadenine
2-Hydroxyadenine (2-OH-Ade) is formed by hydroxyl radical attack on DNA bases and shows a genotoxicity in human, being the source of the mutations induced by reactive oxygen species. 2-OH-Ade in DNA is miscoding and elicits various mutations, and is a mutagenic in bacterial and mammalian cells. (Recent Research Developments in Biochemistry (2000)2:41-50) [HMDB] 2-Hydroxyadenine (2-OH-Ade) is formed by hydroxyl radical attack on DNA bases and shows a genotoxicity in human, being the source of the mutations induced by reactive oxygen species. 2-OH-Ade in DNA is miscoding and elicits various mutations, and is a mutagenic in bacterial and mammalian cells. (Recent Research Developments in Biochemistry (2000)2:41-50). Isoguanine is an oxopurine that is 3,7-dihydro-purin-2-one in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by an amino group.
Furanodiene
Furanodiene is a germacrane sesquiterpenoid. Furanodiene is a natural product found in Curcuma amada, Lactarius chrysorrheus, and other organisms with data available. Furanodiene is a constituent of Curcuma zedoaria (zedoary) Constituent of Curcuma zedoaria (zedoary)
Zingiberene
Zingiberene is 2-Methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene in which a hydrogen at the 5 position is substituted (R configuration) by a 6-methyl-hept-5-en-2-yl group (S configuration). It is a sesquiterpene found in the dried rhizomes of Indonesian ginger, Zingiber officinale. It is a sesquiterpene and a cyclohexadiene. It is an enantiomer of an ent-zingiberene. Zingiberene is a natural product found in Chaerophyllum azoricum, Helichrysum odoratissimum, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of ginger oiland is) also from wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum), long pepper (Piper longum) and kua (Curcuma zedoaria). Zingiberene is found in many foods, some of which are cloves, pepper (spice), ginger, and turmeric. Zingiberene is found in anise. Zingiberene is a constituent of ginger oil. Also from wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum), long pepper (Piper longum) and kua (Curcuma zedoaria)
Tannic acid
A gallotannin obtained by acylation of the five hydroxy groups of D-glucose by 3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]benzoic acid (a gallic acid dimer). Same as: D01959 Tannic acid is a light yellow to tan solid with a faint odor. Sinks and mixes with water. (USCG, 1999) Chinese gallotannin is a tannin. Tannic acid is a natural product found in Achillea millefolium, Calluna vulgaris, and other organisms with data available. Tannic acid is a novel hERG channel blocker with IC50 of 3.4 μM. Tannic acid is a novel hERG channel blocker with IC50 of 3.4 μM.
Falcarindiol
Constituent of roots of several plants including the common carrot (Daucus carota) and Angelica acutiloba (Dong Dang Gui). Falcarindiol is found in many foods, some of which are wild carrot, carrot, garden tomato (variety), and caraway. Falcarindiol is found in caraway. Falcarindiol is a constituent of roots of several plants including the common carrot (Daucus carota) and Angelica acutiloba (Dong Dang Gui). Falcarindiol is a natural product found in Anthriscus nitida, Chaerophyllum aureum, and other organisms with data available. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a polyacetylene found in carrots, has antimycobacterial activity, with an IC50 of 6 μM and MIC of 24 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra[1][2]. Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity[2]. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a polyacetylene found in carrots, has antimycobacterial activity, with an IC50 of 6 μM and MIC of 24 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra[1][2]. Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity[2]. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a polyacetylene found in carrots, has antimycobacterial activity, with an IC50 of 6 μM and MIC of 24 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra[1][2]. Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity[2]. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a polyacetylene found in carrots, has antimycobacterial activity, with an IC50 of 6 μM and MIC of 24 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra[1][2]. Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity[2]. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. Falcarindiol, an orally active polyacetylenic oxylipin, activates PPARγ and increases the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in cells. Falcarindiol induces apoptosis and autophagy. Falcarindiol has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer and antidiabetic properties[1][2]. Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. Falcarindiol, an orally active polyacetylenic oxylipin, activates PPARγ and increases the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in cells. Falcarindiol induces apoptosis and autophagy. Falcarindiol has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer and antidiabetic properties[1][2]. Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. Falcarindiol, an orally active polyacetylenic oxylipin, activates PPARγ and increases the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in cells. Falcarindiol induces apoptosis and autophagy. Falcarindiol has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer and antidiabetic properties[1][2]. Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
(+)-Fargesin
Fargesin is a lignan. Planinin is a natural product found in Piper mullesua and Magnolia coco with data available. Constituent of Artemisia absinthium (wormwood). (+)-Fargesin is found in alcoholic beverages and herbs and spices. (+)-Spinescin is found in herbs and spices. (+)-Spinescin is a constituent of sassafras root. Fargesin is a bioactive neolignan isolated from magnolia plants, with antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory effects[1][2][3]. Fargesin is a bioactive neolignan isolated from magnolia plants, with antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory effects[1][2][3].
Sugiol
Sugiol is an abietane diterpenoid that is ferruginol in which the methylene group para to the phenolic hydroxy group has been substituted by an oxo group. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antiviral agent, an antineoplastic agent, an antioxidant and a radical scavenger. It is an abietane diterpenoid, a carbotricyclic compound, a meroterpenoid, a member of phenols and a cyclic terpene ketone. It is functionally related to a ferruginol. Sugiol is a natural product found in Austrocedrus chilensis, Libocedrus bidwillii, and other organisms with data available. An abietane diterpenoid that is ferruginol in which the methylene group para to the phenolic hydroxy group has been substituted by an oxo group.
Ponasterone A
Ponasterone A is a 2beta-hydroxy steroid, a 3beta-hydroxy steroid, a 14alpha-hydroxy steroid, a 20-hydroxy steroid, a 22-hydroxy steroid, a 6-oxo steroid and a phytoecdysteroid. Ponasterone A is a natural product found in Zoanthus, Lomaridium contiguum, and other organisms with data available. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones Ponasterone A (25-Deoxyecdysterone), an ecdysteroid, has strong affinity for the ecdysone receptor. Ponasterone A is a potent regulator of gene expression in cells and transgenic animals, enabling reporter genes to be turned on and off rapidly[1][2].
Arecaidine
Arecaidine is a citraconoyl group. Arecaidine, a pyridine alkaloid, is a potent GABA uptake inhibitor. Arecaidine is a substrate of H+-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1, SLC36A1) and competitively inhibits L-proline uptake[1][2]. Arecaidine, a pyridine alkaloid, is a potent GABA uptake inhibitor. Arecaidine is a substrate of H+-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1, SLC36A1) and competitively inhibits L-proline uptake[1][2]. Arecaidine, a pyridine alkaloid, is a potent GABA uptake inhibitor. Arecaidine is a substrate of H+-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1, SLC36A1) and competitively inhibits L-proline uptake[1][2].
Desglucocheirotoxin
Convallatoxin is a cardenolide glycoside that consists of strophanthidin having a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl (L-rhamnosyl) group attached at position 3. It has a role as a vasodilator agent and a metabolite. It is an alpha-L-rhamnoside, a 19-oxo steroid, a 14beta-hydroxy steroid, a 5beta-hydroxy steroid, a steroid lactone and a steroid aldehyde. It is functionally related to a strophanthidin. Convallatoxin is a natural product found in Crossosoma bigelovii, Convallaria keiskei, and other organisms with data available. Convallatoxin is a glycoside extracted from Convallaria majalis. Convallatoxin is also isolated from the trunk bark of Antiaris toxicaria (A15340). Convallatoxin is a constituent of Convallaria majalis. Convallaria majalis has been designated unsafe for inclusion in foods etc. by USA FDA Constituent of Convallaria majalis. Convallaria majalis has been designated unsafe for inclusion in foods etc. by USA FDA. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D013328 - Strophanthins D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents Convallatoxin is a cardiac glycoside isolated from Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde. Convallatoxin ameliorates colitic inflammation via activation of PPARγ and suppression of NF-κB. Convallatoxin is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and recognized Val982 as an important amino acid involved in its transport. Convallatoxin is an enhancer of ligand-induced MOR endocytosis with high potency and efficacy. Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties[1][2][3]. Convallatoxin is a cardiac glycoside isolated from Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde. Convallatoxin ameliorates colitic inflammation via activation of PPARγ and suppression of NF-κB. Convallatoxin is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and recognized Val982 as an important amino acid involved in its transport. Convallatoxin is an enhancer of ligand-induced MOR endocytosis with high potency and efficacy. Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties[1][2][3].
Myristicin
Myristicin is an organic molecular entity. It has a role as a metabolite. Myristicin is a natural product found in Chaerophyllum azoricum, Peperomia bracteata, and other organisms with data available. Myristicin is found in anise. Myristicin is a constituent of dill, nutmeg, parsley and many other essential oils. May be responsible for psychotic effects of nutmeg at large doses Myristicin, 3-methoxy,4,5-methylendioxy-allylbenzene, is a natural organic compound present in the essential oil of nutmeg and to a lesser extent in other spices such as parsley and dill. Myristicin is a naturally occurring insecticide and acaricide with possible neurotoxic effects on dopaminergic neurons[citation needed]. It has hallucinogenic properties at doses much higher than used in cooking. Myristicin is a weak inhibitor of monoamine oxidase.Myristicin has been shown to exhibit apoptotic and hepatoprotective functions (A7836, A7837).Myristicin belongs to the family of Benzodioxoles. These are organic compounds containing a benzene ring fused to either isomers of dioxole. Myristicin is found in anise. Myristicin is a constituent of dill, nutmeg, parsley and many other essential oils. May be responsible for psychotic effects of nutmeg at large doses Myristicin, 3-methoxy,4,5-methylendioxy-allylbenzene, is a natural organic compound present in the essential oil of nutmeg and to a lesser extent in other spices such as parsley and dill. Myristicin is a naturally occurring insecticide and acaricide with possible neurotoxic effects on dopaminergic neurons[citation needed]. It has hallucinogenic properties at doses much higher than used in cooking. Myristicin is a weak inhibitor of monoamine oxidase Constituent of dill, nutmeg, parsley and many other essential oils. May be responsible for psychotic effects of nutmeg at large doses Myristicine ?act as a serotonin receptor antagonist, a weak monamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Myristicine is the main component of nutmeg essential oil from Myristica fragrans?Houtt. Myristicine abuse produce hallucinogenic effects, organ damage, deliriumand others[1]. Myristicine is an orally bioavailable serotonin receptor antagonist and weak monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Myristicine also exerts anti-cancer effects on gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway. Myristicine is the main component of nutmeg essential oil and has anti-cancer, anti-proliferative, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-inducing effects. Myristicine abuse can produce hallucinogenic effects, organ damage, etc[1][2][3][4]. Myristicine is an orally bioavailable serotonin receptor antagonist and weak monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Myristicine also exerts anti-cancer effects on gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway. Myristicine is the main component of nutmeg essential oil and has anti-cancer, anti-proliferative, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-inducing effects. Myristicine abuse can produce hallucinogenic effects, organ damage, etc[1][2][3][4]. Myristicine ?act as a serotonin receptor antagonist, a weak monamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Myristicine is the main component of nutmeg essential oil from Myristica fragrans?Houtt. Myristicine abuse produce hallucinogenic effects, organ damage, deliriumand others[1].
Pinostilbene
3-methoxy-4,5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene is a stilbenoid that is trans-resveratrol in which one of the meta-hydroxy groups is converted to the corresponding methyl ether. It is functionally related to a trans-resveratrol. 3-Methoxy-4,5-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene is a natural product found in Soymida febrifuga, Rumex bucephalophorus, and other organisms with data available. A stilbenoid that is trans-resveratrol in which one of the meta-hydroxy groups is converted to the corresponding methyl ether. Pinostilbene (trans-Pinostilbene) is a major metabolite of Pterostilbene. Pinostilbene exhibits inhibitory effects on colon cancer cells[1]. Pinostilbene (trans-Pinostilbene) is a major metabolite of Pterostilbene. Pinostilbene exhibits inhibitory effects on colon cancer cells[1].
Liriodenine
Liriodenine is an oxoaporphine alkaloid that is 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydronoraporphin-7-one substituted by a methylenedioxy group across positions 1 and 2. It is isolated from Annona glabra and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. It has a role as a metabolite, an antineoplastic agent, an antimicrobial agent, an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor and an antifungal agent. It is a cyclic ketone, an oxacycle, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an alkaloid antibiotic and an oxoaporphine alkaloid. It is functionally related to an aporphine. Liriodenine is a natural product found in Magnolia mexicana, Annona purpurea, and other organisms with data available. Liriodenine, also known as oxoushinsunine or micheline b, is a member of the class of compounds known as aporphines. Aporphines are quinoline alkaloids containing the dibenzo[de,g]quinoline ring system or a dehydrogenated derivative thereof. Liriodenine is practically insoluble (in water) and a strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Liriodenine can be found in cherimoya and custard apple, which makes liriodenine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Liriodenine is a bio-active isolate of the Chinese medicinal herb Zanthoxylum nitidum .
Canthin-6-one
Canthin-6-one is an indole alkaloid that is 6H-indolo[3,2,1-de][1,5]naphthyridine substituted by an oxo group at position 6. It has a role as a metabolite and an antimycobacterial drug. It is an indole alkaloid, an organic heterotetracyclic compound and an enone. Canthin-6-one is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum mayu, Zanthoxylum ovalifolium, and other organisms with data available. D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides Canthin-6-one displays a wide range of biological activities, such as antimycobacterial activity[1]. Canthin-6-one displays a wide range of biological activities, such as antimycobacterial activity[1].
Guaiol
Guaiol is a guaiane sesquiterpenoid. Guaiol is a natural product found in Philotheca fitzgeraldii, Aristolochia asclepiadifolia, and other organisms with data available. See also: Cannabis sativa subsp. indica top (part of). Guaiol is a sesquiterpene alcohol that has been found in several traditional Chinese medicinal plants and has antiproliferative, pro-autophagic, insect repellent, and insecticidal biological activities[1][2][3]. Guaiol is a sesquiterpene alcohol that has been found in several traditional Chinese medicinal plants and has antiproliferative, pro-autophagic, insect repellent, and insecticidal biological activities[1][2][3].
chrysoplenol D
3,4,5-trihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone is a trimethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7-trimethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent and a metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavone and a trimethoxyflavone. It is functionally related to a quercetagetin. Chrysosplenol D is a natural product found in Psiadia viscosa, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, and other organisms with data available. See also: Vitex negundo fruit (part of). Chrysosplenol D is a methoxy flavonoid that induces ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis in triple negative human breast cancer cells. Chrysosplenol D also exhibits anti-inflammatory and moderate antitrypanosomal activities[1][2][3][4]. Chrysosplenol D is a methoxy flavonoid that induces ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis in triple negative human breast cancer cells. Chrysosplenol D also exhibits anti-inflammatory and moderate antitrypanosomal activities[1][2][3][4].
3-Feruloylquinic acid
3-Feruloylquinic acid (3-FQA) (CAS: 1899-29-2) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as quinic acids and derivatives. Quinic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a quinic acid moiety (or a derivative thereof), which is a cyclitol made up of a cyclohexane ring that bears four hydroxyl groups at positions 1,3.4, and 5, as well as a carboxylic acid at position 1. Coffee, especially green or raw coffee, is a major source of chlorogenic acids (CGA). CGAs have been associated with a range of health benefits including a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes type 2, and Alzheimers disease. Major CGAs in coffee include 3-, 4-, and 5-feruloylquinic acids (PMID: 19022950). 3-FQA has been detected in the plasma and urine of humans who have ingested coffee (PMID: 19460943). 3-FQA is also found in chicory, tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum), and sunflowers (Helianthus annuus). 3-O-feruloyl-D-quinic acid is a quinic acid that is the 3-O-feruloyl derivative of D-quinic acid. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a quinic acid and an enoate ester. It is functionally related to a (-)-quinic acid and a ferulic acid. 3-O-Feruloylquinic acid is a natural product found in Astragalus onobrychis, Astragalus arguricus, and other organisms with data available. 5-feruloylquinic acid, also known as O-feruloylquinate, belongs to quinic acids and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a quinic acid moiety (or a derivative thereof), which is a cyclitol made up of a cyclohexane ring that bears four hydroxyl groups at positions 1,3.4, and 5, as well as a carboxylic acid at position 1. 5-feruloylquinic acid is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 5-feruloylquinic acid can be found in a number of food items such as sweet cherry, apricot, redcurrant, and peach (variety), which makes 5-feruloylquinic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. . 3-Feruloylquinic acid, a derivative of quinic acid-bound phenolic acid, shows antioxidant activity. 3-Feruloylquinic acid markedly enhances by high photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and UV irradiances[1][2]. 3-Feruloylquinic acid, a derivative of quinic acid-bound phenolic acid, shows antioxidant activity. 3-Feruloylquinic acid markedly enhances by high photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and UV irradiances[1][2].
(Z)-3-Methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one
(Z)-3-Methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one is found in citrus. (Z)-3-Methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one occurs in peppermint oil, green tea and bergamot oranges (Citrus bergamia).Jasmone is a natural organic compound extracted from the volatile portion of the oil from jasmine flowers. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that has the odor of jasmine. Jasmone can exist in two isomeric forms with differing geometry around the pentenyl double bond, cis-jasmone and trans-jasmone. The natural extract contains only the cis form, while synthetic material is often a mixture containing both forms, with the cis form predominating. Both forms have similar odors and chemical properties. (Wikipedia Jasmone is a cyclic ketone. Jasmone is a natural product found in Lonicera japonica, Pulicaria arabica, and other organisms with data available. Occurs in peppermint oil, green tea and bergamot oranges (Citrus bergamia) Cis-Jasmone is a plant-derived natural product. Cis-Jasmone is constitutively released by many flowers and sometimes by leaves as an attractant for pollinators or as a chemical cue for host location by insect flower herbivores. Cis-Jasmone treatment of crop plants not only induces direct defense against herbivores, but also induces indirect defense by releasing VOCs that attract natural enemies[1]. Cis-Jasmone is a plant-derived natural product. Cis-Jasmone is constitutively released by many flowers and sometimes by leaves as an attractant for pollinators or as a chemical cue for host location by insect flower herbivores. Cis-Jasmone treatment of crop plants not only induces direct defense against herbivores, but also induces indirect defense by releasing VOCs that attract natural enemies[1].
Bruceantinol
Bruceantinol is a triterpenoid. Bruceantinol is a natural product found in Brucea javanica with data available.
Capsiate
Capsiate is a carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (6E)-8-methylnon-6-enoic acid with the benzylic hydroxy group of vanillyl alcohol. A non-pungent analogue of capsaicin with a similar biological profile. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a hypoglycemic agent, an anti-allergic agent, an antioxidant, an angiogenesis inhibitor, an anti-inflammatory agent and a capsaicin receptor agonist. It is a carboxylic ester, a monomethoxybenzene and a member of phenols. It is functionally related to a vanillyl alcohol. Capsiate is a natural product found in Apis cerana with data available. A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (6E)-8-methylnon-6-enoic acid with the benzylic hydroxy group of vanillyl alcohol. A non-pungent analogue of capsaicin with a similar biological profile. Constituent of fruits of Capsicum annuum. Capsiate is found in many foods, some of which are orange bell pepper, herbs and spices, yellow bell pepper, and italian sweet red pepper. Capsiate is found in fruits. Capsiate is a constituent of fruits of Capsicum annuum Capsiate, as a capsaicin analogue extracted from a non-pungent cultivar of CH-19 sweet red pepper, is an orally active agonist of TRPV1[1]. Capsiate, as a capsaicin analogue extracted from a non-pungent cultivar of CH-19 sweet red pepper, is an orally active agonist of TRPV1[1].
alpha-Terpinene
Alpha-Terpinene is one of four isomers of terpinene (the other three being beta terpinene, gamma terpenine, and delta terpinine or terpimolene) that differ in the position of carbon-carbon double bonds. Alpha-Terpinene belongs to the class of organic compounds known as menthane monoterpenes. These are monoterpenes with a structure based on the o-, m-, or p-menthane backbone. p-Menthane consists of the cyclohexane ring with a methyl group and a (2-methyl)-propyl group at the 1 and 4 ring position, respectively. The o- and m- menthanes are much rarer, and presumably arise by alkyl migration of p-menthanes. alpha-Terpinene is a naturally occurring monoterpene found in allspice, cardamom, and marjoram. alpha-Terpinene is a constituent of many essential oils with oil from Litsea ceylanica being is a major source (20\\\\%) of it. alpha-Terpinene has been found in Citrus, Eucalyptus and Juniperus species, and cannabis plants (PMID:6991645 ). ±-Terpinene is a flavouring agent and is produced industrially by acid-catalyzed rearrangement of ±-pinene. It has perfume and flavoring properties but is mainly used to confer a pleasant odor to industrial fluids. Alpha-terpinene is one of three isomeric monoterpenes differing in the positions of their two double bonds (beta- and gamma-terpinene being the others). In alpha-terpinene the double bonds are at the 1- and 3-positions of the p-menthane skeleton. It has a role as a volatile oil component and a plant metabolite. It is a monoterpene and a cyclohexadiene. alpha-Terpinene is a natural product found in Xylopia aromatica, Xylopia sericea, and other organisms with data available. One of three isomeric monoterpenes differing in the positions of their two double bonds (beta- and gamma-terpinene being the others). In alpha-terpinene the double bonds are at the 1- and 3-positions of the p-menthane skeleton. Alpha-terpinene, also known as 1-isopropyl-4-methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene or 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadiene, is a member of the class of compounds known as menthane monoterpenoids. Menthane monoterpenoids are monoterpenoids with a structure based on the o-, m-, or p-menthane backbone. P-menthane consists of the cyclohexane ring with a methyl group and a (2-methyl)-propyl group at the 1 and 4 ring position, respectively. The o- and m- menthanes are much rarer, and presumably arise by alkyl migration of p-menthanes. Thus, alpha-terpinene is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Alpha-terpinene is a camphoraceous, citrus, and herbal tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as summer savory, cabbage, pot marjoram, and wild celery, which makes alpha-terpinene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Alpha-terpinene can be found primarily in saliva. Alpha-terpinene exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. α-Terpinene (Terpilene) is a monoterpene found in the essential oils of a large variety of foods and aromatic plants such as Mentha piperita. α-Terpinene is active against Trypanosoma evansi and has the potential for trypanosomosis treatment. α-Terpinene has antioxidant and antifungal properties[1][2][3][4]. α-Terpinene (Terpilene) is a monoterpene found in the essential oils of a large variety of foods and aromatic plants such as Mentha piperita. α-Terpinene is active against Trypanosoma evansi and has the potential for trypanosomosis treatment. α-Terpinene has antioxidant and antifungal properties[1][2][3][4].
Pirimicarb
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6664; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6663 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX499; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6584; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6582 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6632; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6631 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6671; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6669 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6662; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6661 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX499; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6612; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6610 C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 2711 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8417 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 4039 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2577 D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides KEIO_ID P177; [MS3] KO009152 KEIO_ID P177; [MS3] KO009153 KEIO_ID P177; [MS2] KO009151 D016573 - Agrochemicals KEIO_ID P177
Deoxyuridine
Deoxyuridine, also known as dU, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleosides. Pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleosides are compounds consisting of a pyrimidine linked to a ribose which lacks a hydroxyl group at position 2. It is similar in chemical structure to uridine, but without the 2-hydroxyl group. Deoxyuridine exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, deoxyuridine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, deoxyuridine can be biosynthesized from deoxycytidine through its interaction with the enzyme cytidine deaminase. In addition, deoxyuridine can be converted into uracil and deoxyribose 1-phosphate through its interaction with the enzyme thymidine phosphorylase. Deoxyuridine is considered to be an antimetabolite that is converted into deoxyuridine triphosphate during DNA synthesis. Laboratory suppression of deoxyuridine is used to diagnose megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies. In humans, deoxyuridine is involved in the metabolic disorder called UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria). Outside of the human body, deoxyuridine has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as lichee, highbush blueberries, agaves, macadamia nut (M. tetraphylla), and red bell peppers. This could make deoxyuridine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. 2-Deoxyuridine is a naturally occurring nucleoside. It is similar in chemical structure to uridine, but without the 2-hydroxyl group. It is considered to be an antimetabolite that is converted to deoxyuridine triphosphate during DNA synthesis. Laboratory suppression of deoxyuridine is used to diagnose megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies. [HMDB]. Deoxyuridine is found in many foods, some of which are garden tomato (variety), hickory nut, banana, and hazelnut. Deoxyuridine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=951-78-0 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 951-78-0). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine. 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine. 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine.
Dethiobiotin
Dethiobiotin is a synthetic metabolite that mimic the effects of biotin on gene expression and thus have biotin-like activities. In mammals, biotin serves as a coenzyme for carboxylases such as propionyl-CoA carboxylase. (PMID 12730407) [HMDB]. Dethiobiotin is found in many foods, some of which are agave, garden onion, lime, and black mulberry. Dethiobiotin is a synthetic metabolite that mimic the effects of biotin on gene expression and thus have biotin-like activities. In mammals, biotin serves as a coenzyme for carboxylases such as propionyl-CoA carboxylase. (PMID 12730407). D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D050258 - Mitosis Modulators > D008934 - Mitogens KEIO_ID D075; [MS3] KO009104 KEIO_ID D075; [MS2] KO009103 KEIO_ID D075 D-Desthiobiotin is a biotin derivative used in affinity chromatography and protein chromatography. D-Desthiobiotin also can be used for protein and cell labeling, detection and isolation[1].
2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate
2-Deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate, also known as deoxyguanylic acid or 2-deoxy-GMP, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine 2-deoxyribonucleoside monophosphates. These are purine nucleotides with monophosphate group linked to the ribose moiety lacking a hydroxyl group at position 2. 2-Deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate is a purine 2-deoxyribonucleoside 5-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase. It exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, 2-deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, 2-deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate can be converted into dGDP which is mediated by the enzyme guanylate kinase. In addition, 2-deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate can be converted into deoxyguanosine through its interaction with the enzyme cytosolic purine 5-nucleotidase. In humans, 2-deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate is involved in the metabolic disorder called the gout or kelley-seegmiller syndrome pathway. 2-Deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate is a derivative of the common nucleic acid GTP, or guanosine triphosphate, in which the -OH (hydroxyl) group on the 2 carbon on the nucleotides pentose has been removed (hence the deoxy- part of the name). Additionally, the diphosphate of the name indicates that two of the phosphoryl groups of GTP have been removed, most likely by hydrolysis . [HMDB] Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
L-Arginine
Arginine (Arg), also known as L-argninine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as L-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amino (–NH2) and carboxyl (–COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid. L-asparagine is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the amino acids used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Arginine is found in all organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. Arginine is an essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form. It is classified as a charged, basic, aliphatic amino acid. Arginine is considered to be a basic amino acid as it has a strongly basic guanidinium group. With a pKa of 12.48, the guanidinium group is positively charged in neutral, acidic, and even most basic environments. Because of the conjugation between the double bond and the nitrogen lone pairs, the positive charge is delocalized. This group is able to form multiple H-bonds. In mammals, arginine is formally classified as a semi-essential or conditionally essential amino acid, depending on the developmental stage and health status of the individual. Infants are unable to effectively synthesize arginine, making it nutritionally essential for infants. Adults, however, are able to synthesize arginine in the urea cycle. L-Arginine is an amino acid that has numerous functions in the body. It helps dispose of ammonia, is used to make compounds such as nitric oxide, creatine, L-glutamate, and L-proline, and it can be converted into glucose and glycogen if needed. Arginine also plays an important role in cell division, immunity and wound healing. Arginine is the immediate precursor of nitric oxide (NO), an important signaling molecule which can act as a second messenger, as well as an intercellular messenger which regulates vasodilation, and also has functions in the immune systems reaction to infection. Nitric oxide is made via the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (PMID 10690324). Arginine is also a precursor for several important nitrogen-containing compounds including urea, ornithine, and agmatine. Arginine is necessary for the synthesis of creatine and can be used for the synthesis of polyamines (mainly through ornithine and to a lesser degree through agmatine, citrulline, and glutamate.) The presence of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in serum or plasma, a close relative of argninine, inhibits the nitric oxide synthase reaction. ADMA is considered a marker for vascular disease, just as L-arginine is considered a sign of a healthy endothelium. In large doses, L-arginine also stimulates the release of the hormones growth hormone and prolactin. Arginine is a known inducer of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and is responsible for inducing protein synthesis through the mTOR pathway. mTOR inhibition by rapamycin partially reduces arginine-induced protein synthesis (PMID: 20841502). Catabolic disease states such as sepsis, injury, and cancer cause an increase in arginine utilization, which can exceed normal body production, leading to arginine depletion. Arginine also activates AMP kinase (AMPK) which then stimulates skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and muscle glucose uptake, thereby increasing insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells (PMID: 21311355). Arginine is found in plant and animal proteins, such as dairy products, meat, poultry, fish, and nuts. The ratio of L-arginine to lysine is also important: soy and other plant proteins have more L-arginine than animal sources of protein. [Spectral] L-Arginine (exact mass = 174.11168) and L-Histidine (exact mass = 155.06948) were not completely separated on HPLC under the present analytical conditions as described in AC$XXX. Additionally some of the peaks in this data contains dimers and other unidentified ions. L-Arginine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=74-79-3 (retrieved 2024-06-29) (CAS RN: 74-79-3). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). L-Arginine ((S)-(+)-Arginine) is the substrate for the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to generate NO. L-Arginine is transported into vascular smooth muscle cells by the cationic amino acid transporter family of proteins where it is metabolized to nitric oxide (NO), polyamines, or L-proline[1][2]. L-Arginine ((S)-(+)-Arginine) is the substrate for the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to generate NO. L-Arginine is transported into vascular smooth muscle cells by the cationic amino acid transporter family of proteins where it is metabolized to nitric oxide (NO), polyamines, or L-proline[1][2].
Metanephrine
Metanephrine is a metabolite of epinephrine created by action of catechol O-methyltransferase on epinephrine. Technically it is a product of epinephrine O-methylation. It is a commonly occurring, pharmacologically and physiologically inactive metabolite of epinephrine. The measurement of plasma free metanephrines is considered to be the best tool in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, a rare kind of adrenal medullary neoplasm. In adrenal chromaffin cells, leakage of norepinephrine and epinephrine from storage granules leads to substantial intracellular production of the O-methylated metabolite metanephrine. In fact, the adrenals constitute the single largest source out of any organ system including the liver for circulating metanephrine. In humans, about 93 percent of circulating metanephrine is derived from catecholamines metabolized within adrenal chromaffin cells. (PMID 15317907). Metanephrine is a metabolite of epinephrine created by action of catechol O-methyltransferase on epinephrine. Technically it is a product of epinephrine O-methylation. It is a commonly occurring, pharmacologically and physiologically inactive metabolite of epinephrine. The measurement of plasma free metanephrines is considered to be the best tool in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, a rare kind of adrenal medullary neoplasm.
Glycitein
Glycitein is a methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 and hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 4. It has been isolated from the mycelia of the fungus Cordyceps sinensis. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a phytoestrogen and a fungal metabolite. It is a methoxyisoflavone and a 7-hydroxyisoflavone. It is functionally related to an isoflavone. Glycitein is a natural product found in Psidium guajava, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, and other organisms with data available. Glycitein is a soy isoflavone. It is a minor component in most soy products. Its role of reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is not clear. Glycitein is metabolized by human gut microorganisms and may follow metabolic pathways similar to other soy isoflavones (PMID: 12011578; 16248547). Glycitein is a biomarker for the consumption of soy beans and other soy products. Isoflavone present in soya foods (inc. tofu, miso); potential nutriceutical [DFC]. Glycitein is a biomarker for the consumption of soy beans and other soy products. Glycitein is found in many foods, some of which are miso, soy bean, soy milk, and soy sauce. A methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 and hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 4. It has been isolated from the mycelia of the fungus Cordyceps sinensis. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D004967 - Estrogens Glycitein is a soy isoflavone used to study apoptosis and antioxidant. Glycitein is a soy isoflavone used to study apoptosis and antioxidant.
N8-Acetylspermidine
N8-Acetylspermidine is a polyamine. The polyamines, found in virtually all living organisms, are a ubiquitous group of compounds that appear to play a vital role in many cellular processes involving nucleic acids including cell growth and differentiation. The polyamines, found in virtually all living organisms, are a ubiquitous group of compounds that appear to play a vital role in many cellular processes involving nucleic acids including cell growth and differentiation. Acetylation on the terminal nitrogen adjacent to the 4-carbon chain produces N8-acetylspermidine. This reaction is catalyzed by spermidine N8-acetyltransferase and does not result in the conversion of spermidine to putrescine but, instead, the product undergoes deacetylation. This acetyltransferase appears to be associated with chromatin in the cell nucleus and has been reported to be the same as (or related to) the enzyme(s) responsible for histone acetylation. N8-Acetylspermidine does not accumulate in tissues but rather appears to be rapidly deacetylated back to spermidine by a relatively specific cytosolic deacetylase, N8-acetylspermidine deacetylase. The function of this N8-acetylation/deacetylation pathway in cellular processes is not understood clearly, but several observations have suggested a role in cell growth and differentiation. (PMID: 12093478) [HMDB] N8-Acetylspermidine is a polyamine. The polyamines, found in virtually all living organisms, are a ubiquitous group of compounds that appear to play a vital role in many cellular processes involving nucleic acids including cell growth and differentiation. Acetylation on the terminal nitrogen adjacent to the 4-carbon chain produces N8-acetylspermidine. This reaction is catalyzed by spermidine N8-acetyltransferase and does not result in the conversion of spermidine to putrescine. Instead, the product undergoes deacetylation. This acetyltransferase appears to be associated with chromatin in the cell nucleus and has been reported to be the same as (or related to) the enzyme(s) responsible for histone acetylation. N8-Acetylspermidine does not accumulate in tissues but rather appears to be rapidly deacetylated back to spermidine by a relatively specific cytosolic deacetylase, N8-acetylspermidine deacetylase. The function of this N8-acetylation/deacetylation pathway in cellular processes is not understood clearly, but several observations have suggested a role in cell growth and differentiation (PMID: 12093478). KEIO_ID A112
N-Acetylputrescine
N-Acetylputrescine is a polyamine commonly occurring excreted in normal human urine (PMID 7775374). N-Acetylputrescine is the most abundant of all polyamines both in normal individuals and in patients with leukemia (PMID 9464484). N-Acetylputrescine is the N-acetylated form of the naturally occurring polyamine called putrescine. The N-acetylation is mediated by the enzyme diamine N-acetyltransferase. Putrescine is related to cadaverine (another polyamine). Both are produced by the breakdown of amino acids in living and dead organisms and both are toxic in large doses. Putrescine and cadaverine are largely responsible for the foul odor of putrefying flesh, but also contribute to the odor of such processes as bad breath and bacterial vaginosis. Putrescine is also found in semen. Putrescine attacks s-adenosyl methionine and converts it to spermidine. Spermidine in turn attacks another s-adenosyl methionine and converts it to spermine. Putrescine is synthesized in small quantities by healthy living cells by the action of ornithine decarboxylase. N-Acetylputrescine can be found in Corynebacterium as well (PMID:25919117). N-Acetylputrescine is a polyamine commonly occurring excreted in normal human urine (PMID 7775374). N-Acetylputrescine is the most abundant of all polyamines both in normal individuals and in patients with leukemia (PMID 9464484). N-Acetylputrescine is the N-acetylated form of the naturally occurring polyamine called putrescine. The N-acetylation is mediated by the enzyme diamine N-acetyltransferase. Putrescine is related to cadaverine (another polyamine). Both are produced by the breakdown of amino acids in living and dead organisms and both are toxic in large doses. Putrescine and cadaverine are largely responsible for the foul odor of putrefying flesh, but also contribute to the odor of such processes as bad breath and bacterial vaginosis. Putrescine is also found in semen. Putrescine attacks s-adenosyl methionine and converts it to spermidine. Spermidine in turn attacks another s-adenosyl methionine and converts it to spermine. Putrescine is synthesized in small quantities by healthy living cells by the action of ornithine decarboxylase. [HMDB] Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID A051
Heroin
A morphinane alkaloid that is morphine bearing two acetyl substituents on the O-3 and O-6 positions. As with other opioids, heroin is used as both an analgesic and a recreational drug. Frequent and regular administration is associated with tolerance and physical dependence, which may develop into addiction. Its use includes treatment for acute pain, such as in severe physical trauma, myocardial infarction, post-surgical pain, and chronic pain, including end-stage cancer and other terminal illnesses. N - Nervous system > N07 - Other nervous system drugs > N07B - Drugs used in addictive disorders > N07BC - Drugs used in opioid dependence D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics > D053610 - Opiate Alkaloids C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C67413 - Opioid Receptor Agonist > C1657 - Opiate D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1533
Sulfanilic acid
CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 652 KEIO_ID S073
6-Methylmercaptopurine
6-Methylmercaptopurine is a metabolite of mercaptopurine. Mercaptopurine (also called 6-mercaptopurine, 6-MP or its brand name Purinethol) is an immunosuppressive drug. It is a thiopurine. (Wikipedia) KEIO_ID M104
Diphenylamine
Diphenylamine is found in coriander. Diphenylamine is used for control of superficial scald in stored apples Diphenylamine is the organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2NH. It is a colourless solid, but samples are often yellow due to oxidized impurities. It is a weak base, with a KB of 10 14. With strong acids, it forms the water soluble salt CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 300; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9465; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9462 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 300; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9425; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9420 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 300; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9472; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9471 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 300; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9455; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9451 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 300; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9493; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9490 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 300; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9495; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9492 It is used for control of superficial scald in stored apples CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3092 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8086 KEIO_ID D044
Perillic acid
Perillic acid, also known as perillate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as menthane monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids with a structure based on the o-, m-, or p-menthane backbone. P-menthane consists of the cyclohexane ring with a methyl group and a (2-methyl)-propyl group at the 1 and 4 ring position, respectively. The o- and m- menthanes are much rarer, and presumably arise by alkyl migration of p-menthanes. Perillic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Perillic acid is an intermediate in the Limonene and pinene degradation pathway. (KEGG); Its measurement in urine is used to monitor cancer patients receiving oral Limonene (a farnesyl transferase inhibitor that has shown antitumor properties)(PubMed ID 8723738 ). Perillic acid is found in cardamom. C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C2020 - Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitor
5-Methyldeoxycytidine
5-Methyldeoxycytidine is a dinucleotide. Methylation of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide sequences (CpG dinucleotides) catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase, particularly in the 5′-promoter regions of mammalian genes, forms 5-methyldeoxycytidine (5-mdc) whose levels may regulate gene expression. Levels of 5-mdc and the expression of nm23-H1 (an anti-metastatic gene identified in and human cancer lines) are highly correlated with human hepatoma cells with different invasion activities. DNA hypermethylation is a common finding in malignant cells and has been explored as a therapeutic target for hypomethylating agents. The levels of 5-mdc in the urine of patients with breast cancer is not significantly different than controls. (PMID: 17044778, 17264127, 16799933) [HMDB] 5-Methyldeoxycytidine is a dinucleotide. Methylation of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide sequences (CpG dinucleotides) catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase, particularly in the 5′-promoter regions of mammalian genes, forms 5-methyldeoxycytidine (5-mdc) whose levels may regulate gene expression. Levels of 5-mdc and the expression of nm23-H1 (an anti-metastatic gene identified in and human cancer lines) are highly correlated with human hepatoma cells with different invasion activities. DNA hypermethylation is a common finding in malignant cells and has been explored as a therapeutic target for hypomethylating agents. The levels of 5-mdc in the urine of patients with breast cancer is not significantly different than controls. (PMID: 17044778, 17264127, 16799933). 5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine in single-stranded DNA can act in cis to signal de novo DNA methylation[1][2]. 5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine in single-stranded DNA can act in cis to signal de novo DNA methylation[1][2].
4-tert-Butylphenol
4-tert-Butylphenol, also known as butylphen or PTBP, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanes. These are organic compounds containing a phenylpropane moiety. 4-tert-Butylphenol is a leather and oakmoss tasting compound. 4-tert-Butylphenol has been detected, but not quantified, in herbs and spices. 4-Tert-butylphenol is structurally similar to the melanin precursor tyrosine, and acts as a substrate for tyrosinase. 4-tert-Butylphenol is a potentially toxic compound. Tyrosinase oxidizes 4-tert-butylphenol to a quinone (4-tert-butylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione) which in turn rapidly reacts with glutathione (GSH). A depletion of the GSH defence system may allow the quinone to generate reactive oxygen species that damage melanocytes and induce apoptosis, leading to leukoderma/vitiligo.
Furaltadone
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D023303 - Oxazolidinones C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C52588 - Antibacterial Agent
Lawsone
2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone appears as yellow prisms or yellow powder. (NTP, 1992) Lawsone is 1,4-Naphthoquinone carrying a hydroxy function at C-2. It is obtained from the leaves of Lawsonia inermis. It has a role as a protective agent and an antifungal agent. It is a tautomer of a naphthalene-1,2,4-trione. 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is a natural product found in Impatiens noli-tangere, Lawsonia inermis, and other organisms with data available. D020011 - Protective Agents > D011837 - Radiation-Protective Agents > D013473 - Sunscreening Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents D003879 - Dermatologic Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D004396 - Coloring Agents D003358 - Cosmetics Lawsone is a naphthoquinone dye isolated from leaves of Lawsonia inermis that shows antimicrobial and antioxidant activity[1]. Lawsone is a naphthoquinone dye isolated from leaves of Lawsonia inermis that shows antimicrobial and antioxidant activity[1].
Temazepam
Temazepam is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a benzodiazepine that acts as a gamma-aminobutyric acid modulator and anti-anxiety agent. [PubChem]Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors, which affects muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant activity, motor coordination, and memory. As benzodiazepine receptors are thought to be coupled to gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, this enhances the effects of GABA by increasing GABA affinity for the GABA receptor. Binding of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA to the site opens the chloride channel, resulting in a hyperpolarized cell membrane that prevents further excitation of the cell. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives > N05CD - Benzodiazepine derivatives D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014151 - Anti-Anxiety Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic > C1012 - Benzodiazepine D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018682 - GABA Agents > D018757 - GABA Modulators C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C28197 - Antianxiety Agent
Phenylpropanolamine
Phenylpropanolamine is a sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of norepinephrine but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant. -- Pubchem [HMDB] Phenylpropanolamine is a sympathomimetic that acts mainly by causing release of norepinephrine but also has direct agonist activity at some adrenergic receptors. It is most commonly used as a nasal vasoconstrictor and an appetite depressant. -- Pubchem. R - Respiratory system > R01 - Nasal preparations > R01B - Nasal decongestants for systemic use > R01BA - Sympathomimetics D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D013566 - Sympathomimetics D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D000322 - Adrenergic Agonists D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D014663 - Nasal Decongestants D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents D019440 - Anti-Obesity Agents > D001067 - Appetite Depressants CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1547
Maprotiline
Maprotiline is a tetracyclic antidepressant with similar pharmacological properties to tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Similar to TCAs, maprotiline inhibits neuronal norepinephrine reuptake, possesses some anticholinergic activity, and does not affect monoamine oxidase activity. It differs from TCAs in that it does not appear to block serotonin reuptake. Maprotiline may be used to treat depressive affective disorders, including dysthymic disorder (depressive neurosis) and major depressive disorder. Maprotiline is effective at reducing symptoms of anxiety associated with depression. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 835; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8225; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8223 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 835; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8170; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8168 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 835; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8212; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8209 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 835; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8187; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8185 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 835; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8233; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8231 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 835; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8247; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8245 N - Nervous system > N06 - Psychoanaleptics > N06A - Antidepressants > N06AA - Non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D014179 - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors > D018759 - Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C265 - Antidepressant Agent > C94727 - Tricyclic Antidepressant D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D000928 - Antidepressive Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3317 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2221 D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators
Mepivacaine
A local anesthetic that is chemically related to bupivacaine but pharmacologically related to lidocaine. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168) D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01B - Anesthetics, local > N01BB - Amides D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3126
Gesfid
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals
(E)-Monocrotophos
(e)-monocrotophos, also known as azodrin or dimethyl (E)-3-hydroxy-N-methylcrotonamide, is a member of the class of compounds known as dialkyl phosphates. Dialkyl phosphates are organic compounds containing a phosphate group that is linked to exactly two alkyl chain (e)-monocrotophos is slightly soluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Within the cell, (e)-monocrotophos is primarily located in the cytoplasm. It can also be found in the extracellular space (e)-monocrotophos is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. If the compound has been ingested, rapid gastric lavage should be performed using 5\\% sodium bicarbonate. For skin contact, the skin should be washed with soap and water. If the compound has entered the eyes, they should be washed with large quantities of isotonic saline or water. In serious cases, atropine and/or pralidoxime should be administered. Anti-cholinergic drugs work to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine and reactivate AChE. Atropine can be used as an antidote in conjunction with pralidoxime or other pyridinium oximes (such as trimedoxime or obidoxime), though the use of -oximes has been found to be of no benefit, or possibly harmful, in at least two meta-analyses. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist, and thus blocks the action of acetylcholine peripherally (T3DB). D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors (E)-Monocrotophos is an Agricultural insecticide with both systemic and contact actio D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D008996 - Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 3133 D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens D016573 - Agrochemicals
Nilutamide
Nilutamide is an antineoplastic hormonal agent primarily used in the treatment of prostate cancer. Nilutamide is a pure, nonsteroidal anti-androgen with affinity for androgen receptors (but not for progestogen, estrogen, or glucocorticoid receptors). Consequently, Nilutamide blocks the action of androgens of adrenal and testicular origin that stimulate the growth of normal and malignant prostatic tissue. Prostate cancer is mostly androgen-dependent and can be treated with surgical or chemical castration. To date, antiandrogen monotherapy has not consistently been shown to be equivalent to castration. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 279; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4399; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4395 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 279; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4426; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4421 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 279; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4395; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4393 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 279; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4406; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4401 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 279; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4403; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4401 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 279; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4490; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4487 L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L02 - Endocrine therapy > L02B - Hormone antagonists and related agents > L02BB - Anti-androgens D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D000726 - Androgen Antagonists C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C146993 - Androgen Receptor Inhibitor C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist > C242 - Anti-Androgen D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
Exemestane
Exemestane is an oral steroidal aromatase inhibitor used in the adjuvant treatment of hormonally-responsive (also called hormone-receptor-positive, estrogen-responsive) breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It acts as a false substrate for the aromatase enzyme, and is processed to an intermediate that binds irreversibly to the active site of the enzyme causing its inactivation. L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L02 - Endocrine therapy > L02B - Hormone antagonists and related agents > L02BG - Aromatase inhibitors D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D065088 - Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D004965 - Estrogen Antagonists C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C2189 - Signal Transduction Inhibitor > C129824 - Antineoplastic Protein Inhibitor D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065088 - Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors > D047072 - Aromatase Inhibitors C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C129818 - Antineoplastic Hormonal/Endocrine Agent > C481 - Antiestrogen C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C1740 - Aromatase Inhibitor C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C129825 - Antineoplastic Enzyme Inhibitor C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 661 D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
Diethylhexyl adipate
Diethylhexyl adipate (DEHA) is an indirect food additive arising from contact with polymers and adhesives. DEHA is a plasticizer. DEHA is an ester of 2-ethylhexanol and adipic acid. Its chemical formula is C22H42O4. Indirect food additive arising from contact with polymers and adhesives
Coumaphos
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 248; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9799; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9798 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 248; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9759; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9756 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 248; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9789; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9784 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 248; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9760; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9757 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 248; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9707; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9702 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 248; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9747; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9745 D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000871 - Anthelmintics CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1136 D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals
CHLORENDIC ACID
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 247; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5104; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5103 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 247; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5128; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5127 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 247; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5088; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5086 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 247; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5203; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5202 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 247; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5099; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5096
Cefadroxil
Cefadroxil is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, cephalexin derivative.Like all beta-lactam antibiotics, cefadroxil binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, causing the inhibition of the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that cefadroxil interferes with an autolysin inhibitor. J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J01 - Antibacterials for systemic use > J01D - Other beta-lactam antibacterials > J01DB - First-generation cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D002511 - Cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D047090 - beta-Lactams D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D007769 - Lactams C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic > C260 - Beta-Lactam Antibiotic CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3662
Fenthion
Fenthion is an insecticide with low mammalian toxicity. Fenthion is used in agriculture and against mosquito larvae in tropical fresh waters.Fenthion is an organothiophosphate insecticide, avicide, and acaricide. Like most other organophosphates, its mode of action is via cholinesterase inhibition. Due to its relatively low toxicity towards humans and mammals, fenthion is listed as moderately toxic compound in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and World Health Organization toxicity class. (Wikipedia). Insecticide with low mammalian toxicity. It is used in agriculture and against mosquito larvae in tropical fresh waters D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals
Oxybutynin
Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic medication used to relieve urinary and bladder difficulties, including frequent urination and inability to control urination, by decreasing muscle spasms of the bladder. It competitively antagonizes the M1, M2, and M3 subtypes of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G04 - Urologicals > G04B - Urologicals > G04BD - Drugs for urinary frequency and incontinence C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66880 - Anticholinergic Agent > C29704 - Antimuscarinic Agent D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D010276 - Parasympatholytics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000892 - Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary > D008333 - Mandelic Acids D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists D000089162 - Genitourinary Agents > D064804 - Urological Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3025 Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic agent, which inhibits vascular Kv channels in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 11.51 μM[1]. Oxybutynin is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
Lapachol
Lapachol is a hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antineoplastic agent, an antibacterial agent and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and an olefinic compound. NA is a natural product found in Plenckia populnea, Stereospermum colais, and other organisms with data available. A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000871 - Anthelmintics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_pos_40eV_CB000086.txt [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_pos_50eV_CB000086.txt [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_pos_10eV_CB000086.txt [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_pos_30eV_CB000086.txt [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_pos_20eV_CB000086.txt [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_neg_10eV_000049.txt [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_neg_20eV_000049.txt [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_neg_40eV_000049.txt [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_neg_50eV_000049.txt [Raw Data] CB290_Lapachol_neg_30eV_000049.txt Lapachol is a naphthoquinone that was first isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae (Bignoniaceae)[1]. Lapachol shows anti-abscess, anti-ulcer, antileishmanial, anticarcinomic, antiedemic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiseptic, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and pesticidal activities[2]. Lapachol is a naphthoquinone that was first isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae (Bignoniaceae)[1]. Lapachol shows anti-abscess, anti-ulcer, antileishmanial, anticarcinomic, antiedemic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiseptic, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and pesticidal activities[2].
Morin
Morin is a pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2 4 and 5. It has a role as an antioxidant, a metabolite, an antihypertensive agent, a hepatoprotective agent, a neuroprotective agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antineoplastic agent, an antibacterial agent, an EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor and an angiogenesis modulating agent. It is a pentahydroxyflavone and a 7-hydroxyflavonol. Morin is a natural product found in Lotus ucrainicus, Psidium guajava, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of various woods, e.g. Morus alba (white mulberry). First isol. in 1830. Morin is found in many foods, some of which are blackcurrant, european cranberry, bilberry, and fruits. Morin is found in bilberry. Morin is a constituent of various woods, e.g. Morus alba (white mulberry). First isolated in 1830 A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2 4 and 5. D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants Morin, a plant-derived flavonoid, possesses low antioxidant activity. Morin is a fluorescing chelating agent used in aluminum speciation[1][2]. Morin, a plant-derived flavonoid, possesses low antioxidant activity. Morin is a fluorescing chelating agent used in aluminum speciation[1][2].
Rhamnetin
Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Rhamnetin is a quercetin derivative found in Coriandrum sativum, inhibits secretory phospholipase A2, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Rhamnetin is a quercetin derivative found in Coriandrum sativum, inhibits secretory phospholipase A2, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Rhamnetin is a quercetin derivative found in Coriandrum sativum, inhibits secretory phospholipase A2, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity[1].
Hexadecenal
Among the 19 human ALDHs, ALDH3A2 is the only known ALDH that catalyzes the oxidation of long-chain fatty aldehydes including C16 aldehydes (hexadecanal and trans-2-hexadecenal) generated through sphingolipid metabolism. (PMID: 23721920) We recently identified that two products within the sphingolipid pathway, sphingosine-1-PO4 and hexadecenal, directly regulate BAK and BAX activation, respectively. (PMID: 23750296) Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase (SPL) is the only known enzyme that irreversibly cleaves sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) into phosphoethanolamine and (2E)-hexadecenal during the final step of sphingolipid catabolism. (PMID: 22444536) Sphingosine 1-phosphate, a bioactive signaling molecule with diverse cellular functions, is irreversibly degraded by the endoplasmic reticulum enzyme sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase, generating trans-2-hexadecenal and phosphoethanolamine. We recently demonstrated that trans-2-hexadecenal causes cytoskeletal reorganization, detachment, and apoptosis in multiple cell types via a JNK-dependent pathway. (PMID: 22727907)
Diflubenzuron
Insecticide, interfering with chitin deposition by oral absorption. Diflubenzuron is used on soya beans, citrus, tea, vegetables and mushrooms. Also used as an insecticide in feed for poultry and pigs and as a controlled release bolus in cattl D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones Same as: D07829
aniracetam
N - Nervous system > N06 - Psychoanaleptics > N06B - Psychostimulants, agents used for adhd and nootropics D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D000928 - Antidepressive Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018697 - Nootropic Agents C26170 - Protective Agent > C1509 - Neuroprotective Agent Same as: D01883 Aniracetam (Ro 13-5057) is an orally active neuroprotective agent, possessing nootropics effects. Aniracetam potentiates the ionotropic quisqualate (iQA) responses in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices. Aniracetam also potentiates the excitatory post synaptic potentials (EPSPs) in Schaffer collateral-commissural synapses. Aniracetam can prevents the CO2-induced impairment of acquisition in hypercapnia model rats. Aniracetam can be used to research cerebral dysfunctional disorders[1][2][3][4].
Bovinic acid
Bovinic acid is a conjugated linoleic acid, present in human adipose tissue; the amount of bovinic acid in humans is significantly related to milk fat intake. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are a group of naturally occurring fatty acids present mainly in fats from ruminants. Milk contains over 20 isomers of CLA but the predominant one is cis-9,trans-11-CLA (bovinic acid). Biomedical studies with animal models have shown that this isomer has anticarcinogenic and anti-atherogenic activities. Bovinic acid is produced as an intermediate in the rumen biohydrogenation of linoleic acid but not of linolenic acid. However, it is only a transient intermediate, and the major source of milk fat CLA is from endogenous synthesis (PMID: 10393134, 15736916).
Chloroprocaine
Chloroprocaine hydrochloride is a local anesthetic given by injection during surgical procedures and labor and delivery. Chloroprocaine, like other local anesthetics, blocks the generation and the conduction of nerve impulses, presumably by increasing the threshold for electrical excitation in the nerve, by slowing the propagation of the nerve impulse and by reducing the rate of rise of the action potential. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01B - Anesthetics, local > N01BA - Esters of aminobenzoic acid D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent
Norwogonin
Norwogonin, isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, possesses antiviral activity against Enterovirus 71 (EV71) with an IC50 of 31.83 μg/ml[1] Norwogonin, isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, possesses antiviral activity against Enterovirus 71 (EV71) with an IC50 of 31.83 μg/ml[1]
3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid
Isolated from coffee and maté. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in many foods, some of which are robusta coffee, arabica coffee, coffee, and coffee and coffee products. 3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid is found in arabica coffee. 3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid is isolated from coffe 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid), naturally isolated from Laggera alata, has antioxidative, DNA protective, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid exerts apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid possesses a unique mechanism of anti-influenza viral activity, that is, enhancing viral clearance by increasing TRAIL[1][2][3]. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid), naturally isolated from Laggera alata, has antioxidative, DNA protective, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid exerts apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid possesses a unique mechanism of anti-influenza viral activity, that is, enhancing viral clearance by increasing TRAIL[1][2][3].
Rhein
Rhein appears as yellow needles (from methanol) or yellow-brown powder. (NTP, 1992) Rhein is a dihydroxyanthraquinone. Rhein is an anthraquinone metabolite of rheinanthrone and senna glycoside is present in many medicinal plants including Rheum palmatum, Cassia tora, Polygonum multiflorum, and Aloe barbadensis. It is known to have hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and several other protective effects. Rhein is a natural product found in Cassia renigera, Rheum compactum, and other organisms with data available. Present in Rheum palmatum (Chinese rhubarb). Rhein is found in dock, green vegetables, and garden rhubarb. Rhein is found in dock. Rhein is present in Rheum palmatum (Chinese rhubarb D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors KEIO_ID R037
10-Nitrolinoleic acid
Nitrolinoleic acid is a nitrated fatty acid (or nitroalkene, a class of cell signaling mediators generated by Nitric Oxide (NO) and fatty acid-dependent redox reactions). Nitrated fatty acids such as 10- and 12-nitro-9,12-octadecadienoic acid exhibit pluripotent antiinflammatory cell signaling properties. (PMID 16537525) [HMDB] Nitrolinoleic acid is a nitrated fatty acid (or nitroalkene, a class of cell signaling mediators generated by Nitric Oxide (NO) and fatty acid-dependent redox reactions). Nitrated fatty acids such as 10- and 12-nitro-9,12-octadecadienoic acid exhibit pluripotent antiinflammatory cell signaling properties. (PMID 16537525).
Diketopiperazine
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D054659 - Diketopiperazines
4-Methylcatechol
A methylcatechol having a single methyl substituent at the 4-position. It has been isolated from Picea abies. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018696 - Neuroprotective Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens 4-Methylcatechol, a metabolite of p-toluate, is a substrate as well as a suicide inhibitor of Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase. 4-Methylcatechol, a metabolite of p-toluate, is a substrate as well as a suicide inhibitor of Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase.
Phenylacetylglutamine
Phenylacetylglutamine is a product formed from the conjugation of phenylacetate and glutamine. Technically, it is the amino acid acetylation product of phenylacetate (or phenylbutyrate after beta-oxidation). Phenylacetylglutamine is a normal constituent of human urine, but other mammals such as the dog, cat, rat, monkey, sheep, and horse do not excrete this compound. Phenylacetyl-CoA and L-glutamine react to form phenylacetylglutamine and coenzyme A. The enzyme (glutamine N-acetyl transferase) that catalyzes this reaction has been purified from human liver mitochondria and shown to be a polypeptide species distinct from glycine-N-acyltransferase. Phenylacetylglutamine is a major nitrogenous metabolite that accumulates in uremia (PMID: 2791363, 8972626). It has been shown that over 50\\\% of urine phenylacetylglutamine may be derived from kidney conjugation of free plasma phenylacetic acid and/or from the kidneys preferential filtration of conjugated phenylacetic acid (PMID: 6420430). Phenylacetylglutamine is a microbial metabolite found in Christensenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae (PMID: 26241311). Phenylacetylglutamine is a product formed by the conjugation of phenylacetate and glutamine. Technically it is the amino acid acetylation product of phenylacetate (or phenylbutyrate after beta-oxidation). Phenylacetylglutamine is a normal constituent of human urine, but other mammals including the dog, cat, rat, monkey, sheep and horse do not excrete this compound. Phenylacetyl CoA and glutamine react to form phenylacetyl glutamine and Coenzyme A. The enzyme (Glutamine N-acetyl transferase) that catalyzes this reaction has been purified from human liver mitochondria and shown to be a distinct polypeptide species from glycine-N-acyltransferase. Phenylacetylglutamine is a major nitrogenous metabolite that accumulates in uremia. (PMID: 2791363; PMID: 8972626). It has been shown that over 50\\\% of urine phenylacetylglutamine may be derived from kidney conjugation of free plasma phenylacetic acid and/or from the kidneys preferential filtration of conjugated phenylacetic acid (PMID: 6420430) Phenylacetylglutamine is a colonic microbial metabolite from amino acid fermentation.
N-Nitrosodipropylamine
CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3456 D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens
Ademetionine
[Spectral] S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (exact mass = 398.13724) and L-Histidine (exact mass = 155.06948) were not completely separated on HPLC under the present analytical conditions as described in AC$XXX. Additionally some of the peaks in this data contains dimers and other unidentified ions. A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A16 - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16A - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16AA - Amino acids and derivatives Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Chlorpropham
D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2623 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8450 D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals
2-Hydroxypyridine
This colourless crystalline solid is used in peptide synthesis. It is well known to form hydrogen bonded structures somewhat related to the base-pairing mechanism found in RNA and DNA. It is also a classic case of a molecule that exists as tautomers. Some publications only focus one of the two possible patterns, and neglect the influence of the other. For example, to calculation of the energy difference of the two tautomers in a non-polar solution will lead to a wrong result if a large quantity of the substance is on the side of the dimer in an equilibrium. The direct tautomerisation is not energetically favoured, but a dimerisation followed by a double proton transfer and dissociation of the dimer is a self catalytic path from one tautomer to the other. Protic solvents also mediate the proton transfer during the tautomerisation. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID H021 α-Pyridone is an endogenous metabolite.
Ribothymidine
Ribothymidine is an endogenous methylated nucleoside found in human fluids; methylated purine bases are present in higher amounts in tumor-bearing patients compared to healthy controls.DNA hypermethylation is a common finding in malignant cells and has been explored as a therapeutic target for hypomethylating agents. When chemical bonds to DNA, the DNA becomes damaged and proper and complete replication cannot occur to make the normal intended cell. A DNA adduct is an abnormal piece of DNA covalently-bonded to a cancer-causing chemical. This has shown to be the start of a cancerous cell, or carcinogenesis. DNA adducts in scientific experiments are used as bio-markers and as such are themselves measured to reflect quantitatively, for comparison, the amount of cancer in the subject. (PMID: 3506820, 17044778, 17264127, 16799933) [HMDB] Ribothymidine is an endogenous methylated nucleoside found in human fluids; methylated purine bases are present in higher amounts in tumor-bearing patients compared to healthy controls.DNA hypermethylation is a common finding in malignant cells and has been explored as a therapeutic target for hypomethylating agents. When chemical bonds to DNA, the DNA becomes damaged and proper and complete replication cannot occur to make the normal intended cell. A DNA adduct is an abnormal piece of DNA covalently-bonded to a cancer-causing chemical. This has shown to be the start of a cancerous cell, or carcinogenesis. DNA adducts in scientific experiments are used as bio-markers and as such are themselves measured to reflect quantitatively, for comparison, the amount of cancer in the subject. (PMID:3506820, 17044778, 17264127, 16799933). 5-Methyluridine is a is an endogenous methylated nucleoside found in human fluids. 5-Methyluridine is a is an endogenous methylated nucleoside found in human fluids.
Brucine
D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D007155 - Immunologic Factors CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2329 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.545 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.540 ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5860; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 971; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5859 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 971; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5850; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5847 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 971; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5870; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5868 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 971; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5860; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5859 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 971; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5841; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5839 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 971; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5876; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5873 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 971; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5855; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5853 [Raw Data] CBA35_Brucine_pos_40eV_1-3_01_1629.txt [Raw Data] CBA35_Brucine_pos_10eV_1-3_01_1618.txt [Raw Data] CBA35_Brucine_pos_30eV_1-3_01_1628.txt [Raw Data] CBA35_Brucine_pos_20eV_1-3_01_1627.txt [Raw Data] CBA35_Brucine_pos_50eV_1-3_01_1630.txt
Zolmitriptan
Zolmitriptan is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a synthetic tryptamine derivative and appears as a white powder that is readily soluble in water. [Wikipedia]Zolmitriptan binds with high affinity to human 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors leading to cranial blood vessel constriction. Current theories proposed to explain the etiology of migraine headache suggest that symptoms are due to local cranial vasodilatation and/or to the release of sensory neuropeptides (vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide) through nerve endings in the trigeminal system. The therapeutic activity of zolmitriptan for the treatment of migraine headache can most likely be attributed to the agonist effects at the 5HT1B/1D receptors on intracranial blood vessels (including the arterio-venous anastomoses) and sensory nerves of the trigeminal system which result in cranial vessel constriction and inhibition of pro-inflammatory neuropeptide release. N - Nervous system > N02 - Analgesics > N02C - Antimigraine preparations > N02CC - Selective serotonin (5ht1) agonists D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D017366 - Serotonin Receptor Agonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C47794 - Serotonin Agonist D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D023303 - Oxazolidinones
Methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
Methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside is found in cereals and cereal products. Methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside is present in Medicago sativa (alfalfa Methyl β-D-Galactopyranoside is an endogenous metabolite.
Petunidin 3-glucoside
Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.
Delphinidin 3-glucoside
Delphinidin 3-glucoside is found in adzuki bean. Delphinidin 3-glucoside is isolated from grapes and many other plant species Delphinidin 3-glucoside is present in red wine. Delphinidin 3-glucoside is isolated from grapes and many other plant spp. It is found in red wine, redcurrant, summer grape, strawberry, and green bean. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.
Benzo[b]fluoranthene
13-L-Hydroperoxylinoleic acid
(9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate, also known as 13s-hydroperoxy-9z,11e-octadecadienoic acid or 13(S)-hpode, belongs to lineolic acids and derivatives class of compounds. Those are derivatives of lineolic acid. Lineolic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 18 carbon long fatty acid, with two CC double bonds at the 9- and 12-positions. Thus, (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate is considered to be an octadecanoid lipid molecule (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate can be synthesized from octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate can also be synthesized into pinellic acid and 13(S)-HPODE methyl ester (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate can be found in a number of food items such as lingonberry, lemon thyme, watermelon, and agave, which makes (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate can be found primarily in blood. 13-L-Hydroperoxylinoleic acid (13(S)-HPODE) is one of the primary products of the major polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) from the 15-lipoxygenase pathway (EC 1.13.11.31). 13(S)-HPODE is a rather unstable metabolite and is rapidly metabolized to more stable secondary products such as diverse forms of hydroxy fatty acids (via reduction of the hydroperoxy group), alkoxy radicals (via homolytic cleavage of the peroxy group), forms of dihydro(pero)xy fatty acids (via lipoxygenase-catalysed double and triple oxygenation), or epoxy leukotrienes (via a hydrogen abstraction from a doubly allylic methylene group and a homolytic cleavage of the hydroperoxy group) (PMID: 9082450). D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides
15-KETE
15-OxoETE or 15-KETE is a keto-containing leukotriene derivative produced by oxidation of the 15-hydroxyl of 15-HETE. [HMDB] 15-OxoETE or 15-KETE is a keto-containing leukotriene derivative produced by oxidation of the 15-hydroxyl of 15-HETE.
5-KETE
5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE), 5-lipoxygenase product is a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils and eosinophils. Its actions are mediated by the oxoeicosanoid (OXE) receptor, a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family.(PMID:18292294) [HMDB] 5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE), 5-lipoxygenase product is a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils and eosinophils. Its actions are mediated by the oxoeicosanoid (OXE) receptor, a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family.(PMID:18292294).
Blasticidin S
Contact fungicide used against rice blast disease in Japan Blasticidin S is an antibiotic used to select transformed cells in genetic engineering. In short, DNA of interest is fused to DNA encoding a resistance gene, and then is transformed into cells. After allowing time for recovery and for cells to begin transcribing and translating their new DNA, blasticidin is added. Now only the cells that have the new DNA can grow D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents KEIO_ID B019; [MS3] KO008877 KEIO_ID B019; [MS2] KO008876 D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors KEIO_ID B019
Deoxyribose 1-phosphate
Deoxyribose 1-phosphate is an intermediate in the metabolism of Pyrimidine. It is a substrate for Purine nucleoside phosphorylase and Thymidine phosphorylase. [HMDB] Deoxyribose 1-phosphate is an intermediate in the metabolism of Pyrimidine. It is a substrate for Purine nucleoside phosphorylase and Thymidine phosphorylase. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map KEIO_ID D013 Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Homocarnosine
Homocarnosine is a normal human metabolite, the brain-specific dipeptide of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine. (PMID 1266573). Increased concentration of CSF homocarnosine has been found in familial spastic paraplegia. (PMID 842287). Homocarnosinosis (an inherited disorder, OMIM 236130) is characterized by an elevated level of the dipeptide homocarnosine (Hca) in the Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the brain and by carnosinuria and serum carnosinase deficiency, and can co-exist with paraplegia, retinitis pigmentosa, and a progressive mental deficiency. (PMID 3736769). In glial tumors of human brain the content of homocarnosine has been found to be lower than in brain tissue (PMID 1032224), while an increase in content of homocarnosine was observed in brain tissue of animals under experimental trauma of cranium. (PMID 1025883). Homocarnosine is a normal human metabolite, the brain-specific dipeptide of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine. (PMID 1266573) Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID H013; [MS3] KO008992 KEIO_ID H013; [MS2] KO008991 KEIO_ID H013
Fomepizole
Fomepizole is used as an antidote in confirmed or suspected methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning. Fomepizole is a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, the enzyme that catalyzes the initial steps in the metabolism of ethylene glycol and methanol to their toxic metabolites. V - Various > V03 - All other therapeutic products > V03A - All other therapeutic products > V03AB - Antidotes D020011 - Protective Agents > D000931 - Antidotes D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor KEIO_ID M124
Xanthylic acid
Xanthylic acid, also known as xmp or (9-D-ribosylxanthine)-5-phosphate, is a member of the class of compounds known as purine ribonucleoside monophosphates. Purine ribonucleoside monophosphates are nucleotides consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose to which one monophosphate group is attached. Xanthylic acid is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Xanthylic acid can be found in a number of food items such as common grape, black-eyed pea, java plum, and wild rice, which makes xanthylic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Xanthylic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, xanthylic acid is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include azathioprine action pathway, glutamate metabolism, mercaptopurine action pathway, and purine metabolism. Xanthylic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency, succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, xanthine dehydrogenase deficiency (xanthinuria), and molybdenum cofactor deficiency. Xanthosine monophosphate is an intermediate in purine metabolism. It is a ribonucleoside monophosphate. It is formed from IMP via the action of IMP dehydrogenase, and it forms GMP via the action of GMP synthaseand is) also, XMP can be released from XTP by enzyme deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase containing (d)XTPase activity . Xanthylic acid is an important metabolic intermediate in the Purine Metabolism, and is a product or substrate of the enzymes Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.205), Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8), Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.22), 5-Ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.3.5), Ap4A hydrolase (EC 3.6.1.17), Nucleoside-triphosphate diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.19), Phosphoribosylamine-glycine ligase (EC 6.3.4.1), and glutamine amidotransferase (EC 6.3.5.2). (KEGG) Xanthylic acid can also be used in quantitative measurements of the Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activities in purine metabolism. This measurement is important for optimal thiopurine therapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). (PMID: 16725387). Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Kaempferide
Kaempferide is a monomethoxyflavone that is the 4-O-methyl derivative of kaempferol. It has a role as an antihypertensive agent and a metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavone, a monomethoxyflavone and a 7-hydroxyflavonol. It is functionally related to a kaempferol. It is a conjugate acid of a kaempferide(1-). Kaempferide is a natural product found in Ageratina altissima, Chromolaena odorata, and other organisms with data available. Isolated from roots of Alpinia officinarum (lesser galangal). Kaempferide is found in many foods, some of which are herbs and spices, cloves, sour cherry, and european plum. Kaempferide is found in cloves. Kaempferide is isolated from roots of Alpinia officinarum (lesser galangal). A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4-O-methyl derivative of kaempferol. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Kaempferide is an O-methylated flavonol also found in kaempferol. Kaempferide has antiviral activity. Kaempferide is an orally active flavonol isolated from Hippophae rhamnoides L. Kaempferide has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antihypertensive, and neuroprotective activities. Kaempferide induces apoptosis. Kaempferide promotes osteogenesis through antioxidants and can be used in osteoporosis research[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Kaempferide is an O-methylated flavonol also found in kaempferol. Kaempferide has antiviral activity.
Malvidin 3-glucoside
Malvidin 3-glucoside is found in alcoholic beverages. Malvidin 3-glucoside is a pigment of skins of black grapes, also in other plants. Malvidin 3-glucoside is found in red wine Pigment of skins of black grapes, also in other plants. Found in red wine. Malvidin glycoside is a biomarker for the consumption of blueberries. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.
Gossypin
A glycosyloxyflavone that is gossypetin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 8 via a glycosidic linkage. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Gossypin is a flavone isolated from?Hibiscus vitifolius and has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, anticataract, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective activities. Gossypin inhibits NF-κB and NF-κB-regulated gene expression. Gossypin inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis both in mouse primary bone marrow cells and RAW 264.7 cells in vitro[1][2]. Gossypin is a flavone isolated from?Hibiscus vitifolius and has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, anticataract, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective activities. Gossypin inhibits NF-κB and NF-κB-regulated gene expression. Gossypin inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis both in mouse primary bone marrow cells and RAW 264.7 cells in vitro[1][2].
Glucotropaeolin
Glucotropeolin belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkylglucosinolates. These are organic compounds containing a glucosinolate moiety that carries an alkyl chain. Outside of the human body, glucotropaeolin has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as white mustards, garden cress, horseradish, cabbages, and Brassicas. This could make glucotropaeolin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Glucotropaeolin is isolated from seeds of Tropaeolum majus (garden nasturtium), Lepidium sativum (garden cress), and other crucifers. Isolated from seeds of Tropaeolum majus (garden nasturtium), Lepidium sativum (garden cress) and other crucifers. Glucotropaeolin is found in many foods, some of which are brassicas, horseradish, papaya, and white mustard. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.
2-Amino-3,8-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline
2-Amino-3,8-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline is found in animal foods. 2-Amino-3,8-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline is a food-related mutagen isolated from cooked meats (especially grilled/barbecued Food-related mutagen isolated from cooked meats (especies grilled/barbecued). 2-Amino-3,8-dimethyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline is found in animal foods. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2292 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 6 D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens
3-Hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 45
Cynarine
Cynarine is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a biologically active chemical constituent of artichoke. Chemically, it is an ester formed from quinic acid and two units of caffeic acid. 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in cardoon, globe artichoke, and fennel. 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in cardoon. Cynarine is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a biologically active chemical constituent of artichoke. Chemically, it is an ester formed from quinic acid and two units of caffeic acid. (Wikipedia C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C66913 - Cholagogues or Choleretic Agents D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002756 - Cholagogues and Choleretics [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_30eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_20eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_30eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_50eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_20eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_40eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_10eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_10eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_40eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_50eV.txt Cynarin is an antichoke agent with a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities. Cynarin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=30964-13-7 (retrieved 2025-01-14) (CAS RN: 30964-13-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Homocitrulline
Homocitrulline is a metabolite that can be detected in larger amounts in the urine of individuals with urea cycle disorders (OMIM 238970). The accumulation of carbamylphosphate due to depleted supply of ornithine for the urea cycle may be responsible for the enhanced synthesis of homocitrulline and homoarginine in some cases (PMID 2474087). Homocitrulline has been identified in the human placenta (PMID: 32033212). Homocitrulline is a metabolite that can be detected in larger amounts in the urine of individuals with urea cycle disorders (OMIM 238970). The accumulation of carbamylphosphate due to depleted supply of ornithine for the urea cycle may be responsible for the enhanced synthesis of homocitrulline and homoarginine in some cases (PMID 2474087). [HMDB] L-Homocitrulline is metabolized to homoarginine through homoargininosuccinate via the urea cycle pathway and its metabolic abnormality could lead to Lysinuric Protein Intolerance (LPI). L-Homocitrulline is metabolized to homoarginine through homoargininosuccinate via the urea cycle pathway and its metabolic abnormality could lead to Lysinuric Protein Intolerance (LPI).
Normetanephrine
Normetanephrine, also known as normetadrenaline or N111, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methoxyphenols. Methoxyphenols are compounds containing a methoxy group attached to the benzene ring of a phenol moiety. Normetanephrine is a solid that is soluble in water. Normetanephrine is a metabolite of norepinephrine created by action of catechol-O-methyl transferase on norepinephrine. Within humans, normetanephrine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, normetanephrine can be converted into 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde through its interaction with the enzyme amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A. It is also involved in the metabolic disorder called transient tyrosinemia of the newborn. This compound is excreted in the urine and is found in certain tissues. It is a marker for catecholamine-secreting tumors such as pheochromocytoma (PMID: 30538672). A methylated metabolite of norepinephrine that is excreted in the urine and found in certain tissues. It is a marker for tumors. [HMDB]
Baccatin III
C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C273 - Antimitotic Agent relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.041 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.042 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.019 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.027 Baccatin III is a natural product isolated from Pacific yew tree and related species. Baccatin III reduces tumor progression by inhibiting the accumulation and suppressive function of MDSCs[1]. Baccatin III is a natural product isolated from Pacific yew tree and related species. Baccatin III reduces tumor progression by inhibiting the accumulation and suppressive function of MDSCs[1].
Galloyl glucose
Galloyl glucose, also known as 1-galloyl-beta-D-glucose or beta-glucogallin, is a member of the class of compounds known as tannins. Tannins are naturally occurring polyphenols which be categorized into four main classes: hydrolyzable tannin (based on ellagic acid or gallic acid), condensed tannins (made of oligomeric or polymeric proanthocyanidins), complex tannins (made of a catechin bound to a gallotannin or elagitannin), and phlorotannins (oligomers of phloroglucinol). Galloyl glucose is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Galloyl glucose can be found in a number of food items such as pomegranate, strawberry, redcurrant, and rubus (blackberry, raspberry), which makes galloyl glucose a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Galloyl glucose is formed by a gallate 1-beta-glucosyltransferase (UDP-glucose: gallate glucosyltransferase), an enzyme performing the esterification of two substrates, UDP-glucose and gallate to yield two products, UDP and glucogallin. This enzyme can be found in oak leaf preparations .
3,4-DHPEA-EA
3,4-DHPEA-EA is the major form of the oleuropein-aglycone. 3,4-DHPEA-EA is found in olive. 3,4-DHPEA-EA is found in olive. 3,4-DHPEA-EA is the major form of the oleuropein-aglycone
Vicenin 2
Constituent of lemons (Citrus limon). Vicenin 2 is found in many foods, some of which are common salsify, fenugreek, sweet orange, and cucumber. Vicenin 2 is found in citrus. Vicenin 2 is a constituent of lemons (Citrus limon) Vicenin 2 is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (IC50=43.83 μM) from the aerial parts of Desmodium styracifolium[1]. Vicenin 2 is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (IC50=43.83 μM) from the aerial parts of Desmodium styracifolium[1].
(-)-Wikstromol
(-)-Wikstromol is found in fruits. (-)-Wikstromol is obtained from Pinus palustris (pitch pine) and Carissa edulis (agam obtained from Pinus palustris (pitch pine) and Carissa edulis (agam). (-)-Wikstromol is found in fruits and sesame.
Lecanoricacid
D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents > D000894 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal > D012459 - Salicylates Lecanoric acid is a histidine-decarboxylase inhibitor isolated from fungus. The inhibition by lecanoric acid is competitive with histidineand noncompetitive with pyridoxal phosphate. Lecanoric acid did not inhibit aromatic amino acid decarboxylase[1].
alpha-Cadinol
alpha-Cadinol is found in cloves. alpha-Cadinol is a constituent of Juniperus communis (juniper)
Chalepensin
D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents > D011564 - Furocoumarins
Dehydroabietic acid
Dehydroabietic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as diterpenoids. These are terpene compounds formed by four isoprene units. Dehydroabietic acid possesses antiviral activity[1]. Dehydroabietic acid possesses antiviral activity[1].
Gardenoside
A cyclopentapyran that is 7-deoxyloganin with a methyl and hydrogen replaced by hydroxy and hydroxymethyl groups at position 7. Gardenoside is a natural product found in Gardenia jasminoides, Catunaregam obovata, and other organisms with data available. Gardenoside is a natural compound found in Gardenia fruits, with hepatoprotective properties. Gardenoside suppresses the pain of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptors. Gardenoside has an inhibitory effect on free fatty acids (FFA)-induced cellular steatosis[1][2]. Gardenoside is a natural compound found in Gardenia fruits, with hepatoprotective properties. Gardenoside suppresses the pain of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptors. Gardenoside has an inhibitory effect on free fatty acids (FFA)-induced cellular steatosis[1][2]. Gardenoside is a natural compound found in Gardenia fruits, with hepatoprotective properties. Gardenoside suppresses the pain of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptors. Gardenoside has an inhibitory effect on free fatty acids (FFA)-induced cellular steatosis[1][2].
penitrem A
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) Penitrem A is an indole diterpene neurotoxic alkaloid produced by Penicillium, acts as a selective BK channel antagonist with antiproliferative and anti-invasive activities against multiple malignancies. Penitrem A increases the spontaneous release of endogenous glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and aspartate from cerebrocortical synaptosomes, and induces tremorgenic syndromes in animals[1][2].
Nivalenol
Nivalenol is a trichothecene produced by Fusaria, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma and other fungi, and some higher plants. They may contaminate food or feed grains, induce emesis and hemorrhage in lungs and brain, and damage bone marrow due to protein and DNA synthesis inhibition.(PubChem). It has been reported in the urine of patients suffering chronic idiopathic spastic paraparesis. These patients are usually found in hot and humid regions, most of which have heavy rains, and these conditions allow foods to be polluted by fungi some of which become toxigenic (PubMed ID 8855894 ). Nivalenol is a trichothecene produced by Fusaria, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma and other fungi, and some higher plants. They may contaminate food or feed grains, induce emesis and hemorrhage in lungs and brain, and damage bone marrow due to protein and DNA synthesis inhibition.(PubChem) D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
3-oxo-C12 homoserine lactone
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 211
Dihydroresveratrol
A polyphenol metabolite detected in biological fluids [PhenolExplorer] Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1]. Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1].
3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptonate 7-phosphate, also known as 2-dahp or 3-deoxy-arabino-heptulonic acid 7-phosphoric acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as monosaccharide phosphates. Monosaccharide phosphates are monosaccharides comprising a phosphated group linked to the carbohydrate unit. 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptonate 7-phosphate is soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptonate 7-phosphate can be found in a number of food items such as prairie turnip, horned melon, bilberry, and biscuit, which makes 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptonate 7-phosphate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptonate 7-phosphate exists in E.coli (prokaryote) and yeast (eukaryote).
N1-Acetylspermidine
N1-Acetylspermidine is a polyamine. In many organisms, polyamines originate from L-ornithine and methionine. Ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17), a key enzyme in polyamine metabolism, decarboxylates L-ornithine to yield putrescine which is then converted to higher polyamines spermidine and spermine by successive addition of aminopropyl groups derived from decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine. Aliphatic polyamines occur ubiquitously in organisms and have important functions in the stabilization of cell membranes, biosynthesis of informing molecules, cell growth and differentiation, as well as adaptation to osmotic, ionic, pH and thermal stress. These cationic substances are implicated in multiple functions, therefore it is not surprising that intracellular levels of polyamines are regulated by different mechanisms. The inhibition of polyamine metabolism has important pharmacological and therapeutic implications for the control of physiological processes, reproduction, cancer and parasitic diseases. Recent reports have suggested the idea that parasites with an high turnover of Ornithine Decarboxilase (ODC) are resistant to Difluoromethyl ornithine (DFMO, the irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase) because they always contain a fraction of newly synthesized and active enzyme, therefore not DFMO inhibited, sufficient to produce small amounts of putrescine rapidly converted into spermidine, which can support protozoan proliferation. DFMO has proved to be curative in trypanosomiasis, coccidiosis, and certain other protozoan infections. (PMID: 15490259). N1-Acetylspermidine is a polyamine. In many organisms, polyamines originate from L-ornithine and methionine. Ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17), a key enzyme in polyamine metabolism, decarboxylates L-ornithine to yield putrescine which is then converted to higher polyamines spermidine and spermine by successive addition of aminopropyl groups derived from decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine.
S-Formylglutathione
S-Formylglutathione, also known as L-gamma-glutamyl-S-formyl-L-cysteinylglycine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as oligopeptides. These are organic compounds containing a sequence of three to ten alpha-amino acids joined by peptide bonds. S-Formylglutathione is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). S-Formylglutathione exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Outside of the human body, S-formylglutathione has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as sweet marjorams, muscadine grapes, amaranths, lemon verbena, and garden tomato. This could make S-formylglutathione a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. S-Formylglutathione is formed from the oxidation of S-hydroxymethylglutathione by the enzyme formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH; EC 1.2.1.1) in the presence of NAD (PMID: 2806555). S-Formylglutathione is formed from the oxidation of S-hydroxymethylglutathione by the enzyme formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH; EC 1.2.1.1) in the presence of NAD (PubMed ID 2806555) [HMDB]. S-Formylglutathione is found in many foods, some of which are horseradish tree, wild carrot, japanese walnut, and red beetroot.
Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate
Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate (CAS: 98102-63-7), also known as Ins(1,3,4)P3 or I3S, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as inositol phosphates. Inositol phosphates are compounds containing a phosphate group attached to an inositol (or cyclohexanehexol) moiety. Within humans, inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate participates in several enzymatic reactions. In particular, inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate can be converted into 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate through the action of the enzyme inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase. In addition, inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate can be converted into inositol 1,3,4,5-tetraphosphate through its interaction with the enzyme inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase. In humans, inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate is involved in inositol metabolism. Inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate is a specific regulator of cellular signalling. A specific regulator of cellular signaling [HMDB]
Docebenone
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D016859 - Lipoxygenase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1322 - Lipooxygenase Inhibitor Docebenone (AA 861) is a potent, selective and orally active 5-LO (5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor.
Hydrogen selenide
Hydrogen selenide is a metabolite of selenium which could have potential antiangiogenic effect in the chemoprevention of cancer. The hydrogen selenide is a key intermediate in the selenium methylation metabolism of inorganic and organic selenium compounds. Accumulation of the hydrogen selenide resulting from inhibition of the selenium methylation metabolism, detoxification metabolic pathway of selenium, is found in animals following repeated administration of a toxic dose of selenocystine. The excess of the hydrogen selenide produced by inhibition of the selenium methylation metabolism contributes to the hepatotoxicity caused by selenocystine. (PMID: 9414580, 11799926) [HMDB] Hydrogen selenide is a metabolite of selenium which could have potential antiangiogenic effect in the chemoprevention of cancer. The hydrogen selenide is a key intermediate in the selenium methylation metabolism of inorganic and organic selenium compounds. Accumulation of the hydrogen selenide resulting from inhibition of the selenium methylation metabolism, detoxification metabolic pathway of selenium, is found in animals following repeated administration of a toxic dose of selenocystine. The excess of the hydrogen selenide produced by inhibition of the selenium methylation metabolism contributes to the hepatotoxicity caused by selenocystine. (PMID: 9414580, 11799926).
cis-Sabinene hydrate
Cis-sabinene hydrate is a member of the class of compounds known as bicyclic monoterpenoids. Bicyclic monoterpenoids are monoterpenoids containing exactly 2 rings, which are fused to each other. Thus, cis-sabinene hydrate is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Cis-sabinene hydrate is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Cis-sabinene hydrate is a balsamic tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as sweet marjoram, spearmint, common sage, and pot marjoram, which makes cis-sabinene hydrate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline N-oxide
D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens
Diketogulonic acid
Diketogulonic acid (DKG) is a metabolite of the degradation of vitamin C, the nonenzymatic hydrolysis-product of dehydroascorbate. Dehydroascorbate can be reduced back to ascorbate or hydrolyzed to DKG; the latter reaction is irreversible and DKG is devoid of antiscorbutic activity. The degradation pathway of vitamin C continues to produce l-erythrulose and oxalate as final products. DKG appears in human urine and represents approximately 20\\% of the vitamin C by-products (oxalate being approximately 44\\% and dehydroascorbate 20\\%). A major catabolic event in man is the cleavage of the molecule (presumably a spontaneous cleavage of DKG) between C2 and C3, with little if any decarboxylation. The oxalate formed in this way may contribute to the formation of kidney stones in susceptible individuals. However, the association between ascorbate supplementation and increased risk of kidney stone formation remains a matter of controversy. (PMID: 16698813, 17222174)
Isopyridoxal
Isopyridoxal is an active vitamer of the B6 complex in humans. (PMID 2208740). Vitamin B(6) is an essential component in human diet. (PMID 12686115). Vitamin B6 status (together with other vitamins from the B complex) is also related to Hyperhomocysteinemia, which has been linked to an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease. (PMID 16407736). Isopyridoxal is an active vitamer of the B6 complex in humans. (PMID 2208740)
Imidazolone
Imidazolone is one of the major advanced glycation end (AGE) products, that accumulate in neurons in different areas of human brain tissue localized especially in human pyramidal CA4 neurons in the hippocampus in an age-dependent manner.(PubMed ID 12406185 ) [HMDB] Imidazolone is one of the major advanced glycation end (AGE) products that accumulate in neurons in different areas of human brain tissue localized especially in human pyramidal CA4 neurons in the hippocampus in an age-dependent manner (PMID: 12406185).
5-(5-(2,6-Dichloro-4-(4,5-Dihydro-2-Oxazoly)phenoxy)pentyl)-3-Methyl Isoxazole
Chloroacetaldehyde
Being bifunctional, chloroacetaldehyde is a versatile precursor to many heterocyclic compounds. It condenses with thiourea derivatives to give aminothiazoles. This reaction was once important as a precursor to sulfathiazole, one of the first sulfa drugs. Chloroacetaldehyde is the organic compound with the formula ClCH2CHO. Like some related compounds, it is highly electrophilic reagent and a potentially dangerous alkylating agent. The compound is not normally encountered in the anhydrous form, but rather as the hydrate (acetal), ClCH2CH(OH)2. Chloroacetaldehyde is a useful intermediate in the synthesis, e.g. of 2-aminothiazole or many pharmaceutical compounds. Another use is to facilitate bark removal from tree trunks.
Atovaquone
Atovaquone is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols. [PubChem]Atovaquone is a hydroxy- 1, 4- naphthoquinone, an analog of ubiquinone, with antipneumocystis activity. The mechanism of action against Pneumocystis carinii has not been fully elucidated. In Plasmodium species, the site of action appears to be the cytochrome bc1 complex (Complex III). Several metabolic enzymes are linked to the mitochondrial electron transport chain via ubiquinone. Inhibition of electron transport by atovaquone will result in indirect inhibition of these enzymes. The ultimate metabolic effects of such blockade may include inhibition of nucleic acid and ATP synthesis. Atovaquone also has been shown to have good in vitro activity against Toxoplasma gondii. P - Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents > P01 - Antiprotozoals > P01A - Agents against amoebiasis and other protozoal diseases D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C276 - Antiparasitic Agent > C277 - Antiprotozoal Agent D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors
Cefradine
Cefradine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.Cefradine is a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a spectrum of activity similar to Cefalexin. Cefradine, like the penicillins, is a beta-lactam antibiotic. By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, it inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that Cefradine interferes with an autolysin inhibitor. J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J01 - Antibacterials for systemic use > J01D - Other beta-lactam antibacterials > J01DB - First-generation cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D002511 - Cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D047090 - beta-Lactams D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D007769 - Lactams C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic > C260 - Beta-Lactam Antibiotic
Pyrvinium
Pyrvinium, also known as molevac or pyrcon, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpyrroles. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a benzene ring linked to a pyrrole ring through a CC or CN bond. Pyrvinium is considered to be a practically insoluble (in water) and relatively neutral molecule. P - Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents > P02 - Anthelmintics > P02C - Antinematodal agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000871 - Anthelmintics C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C276 - Antiparasitic Agent
Diacetylmonoxime
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002801 - Cholinesterase Reactivators D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents > D002863 - Chromogenic Compounds D004793 - Enzyme Reactivators D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D004396 - Coloring Agents
Gonadorelin
Gonadorelin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. Gonadorelin is another name for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). It is a synthetic decapeptide prepared using solid phase peptide synthesis. GnRH is responsible for the release of follicle stimulating hormone and leutinizing hormone from the anterior pitutitary. Like naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadorelin primarily stimulates the synthesis and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) production and release is also increased by gonadorelin, but to a lesser degree. In prepubertal females and some gonadal function disorders, the FSH response may be greater than the LH response. For the treatment of amenorrhea, delayed puberty, and infertility the administration of gonadorelin is used to simulate the physiologic release of GnRH from the hypothalamus in treatment of delayed puberty, treatment of infertility caused by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and induction of ovulation in those women with hypothalamic amenorrhea. This results in increased levels of pituitary gonadotropins LH and FSH, which subsequently stimulate the gonads to produce reproductive steroids. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones
MELARSOPROL
P - Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents > P01 - Antiprotozoals > P01C - Agents against leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis > P01CD - Arsenic compounds D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C276 - Antiparasitic Agent > C277 - Antiprotozoal Agent
Aurothioglucose
M - Musculo-skeletal system > M01 - Antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products > M01C - Specific antirheumatic agents > M01CB - Gold preparations D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents
Potassium iodide
Nutrient supplement; added to food as a source of iodine [DFC]. Potassium iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KI. The major uses of KI include use as a nutritional supplement in animal feeds and also the human diet. For the latter, it is the most common additive used to iodize" table salt (a public health measure to prevent iodine deficiency in populations which get little seafood). Kelp is a natural KI source. The iodide content can range from 89 ug/g to 8165 ug/g in Asian varieties R - Respiratory system > R05 - Cough and cold preparations > R05C - Expectorants, excl. combinations with cough suppressants > R05CA - Expectorants V - Various > V03 - All other therapeutic products > V03A - All other therapeutic products > V03AB - Antidotes Nutrient supplement; added to food as a source of iodine [DFC] C26170 - Protective Agent > C797 - Radioprotective Agent S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals
Sarmentosin
Sarmentosin is found in fruits. Sarmentosin is isolated from Ribes nigrum (blackcurrant
Dipropyl disulfide
Dipropyl disulfide, also known as 1,1-dithiodipropane or 4,5-dithiaoctane, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dialkyldisulfides. These are organic compounds containing a disulfide group R-SS-R where R and R are both alkyl groups. Dipropyl disulfide is possibly neutral. Dipropyl disulfide is a burnt, earthy, and green tasting compound. Dipropyl disulfide has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as chives, cabbages, garden onions, nuts, and brassicas. Constituent of garlic, onion and other Allium subspecies Also present in raw cabbage, roast beef and roasted peanuts. Flavouring agent. Dipropyl disulfide is found in many foods, some of which are garden onion, onion-family vegetables, brassicas, and allium (onion).
Amanitin
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D000546 - Amanitins
Cucurbitacin F
Withanolide
Withanolides, which are extracted from Withania somnifera, are employed in the treatment of arthritis and are known to be potent inhibitors of angiogenesis, inflammation and oxidative stress. Withanolides can indeed inhibit the activation of NF-κB and NF-κB-regulated gene expression, which could explain their anti-arthritic actions. W. somnifera root powder has suppressive effect on arthritis by reducing amplification and propagation of the inflammatory response, without causing any gastric damage. (PMID: 17475558, 3248848, 17084827).
Peucedanin
Peucedanin, also known as 2-isopropyl-3-methoxy-7h-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one or 4-methoxy-5-isopropylfuro(2,3:6,7)coumarin, is a member of the class of compounds known as psoralens. Psoralens are organic compounds containing a psoralen moiety, which consists of a furan fused to a chromenone to for 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one. Peucedanin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Peucedanin can be found in carrot, chervil, and wild carrot, which makes peucedanin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents > D011564 - Furocoumarins
Trichothecin
A trichothecene mycototoxin isolated from the endophytic fungus Trichothecium sp. and it exhibits anti-cancer properties. D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
Verrucarin A
A trichothecene antibiotic which incorporates a triester macrocyclic structure and an exocyclic methylene epoxide group. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
Xanthochymol
Xanthochymol is found in fruits. Xanthochymol is a constituent of the famine food Garcinia xanthochymus
Euxanthone
Occurs in Mammea americana (mamey), Platonia insignis (bakuri) and Mangifera indica (mango). Euxanthone is found in fruits and mammee apple. Euxanthone is found in fruits. Euxanthone occurs in Mammea americana (mamey), Platonia insignis (bakuri) and Mangifera indica (mango
Swertiaperennin
2-O-methylswertianin is a member of the class of xanthones that is swertianin in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been replaced by a methoxy group. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a member of xanthones, an aromatic ether and a polyphenol. It is functionally related to a swertianin. 1,8-Dihydroxy-2,6-dimethoxy-9H-xanthen-9-one is a natural product found in Gentiana orbicularis, Swertia japonica, and other organisms with data available. A member of the class of xanthones that is swertianin in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been replaced by a methoxy group.
Arecaidine
Arecaidine is found in nuts. Arecaidine is an alkaloid from nuts of Areca catechu (betel nuts Arecaidine is a citraconoyl group. Arecaidine, a pyridine alkaloid, is a potent GABA uptake inhibitor. Arecaidine is a substrate of H+-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1, SLC36A1) and competitively inhibits L-proline uptake[1][2]. Arecaidine, a pyridine alkaloid, is a potent GABA uptake inhibitor. Arecaidine is a substrate of H+-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1, SLC36A1) and competitively inhibits L-proline uptake[1][2]. Arecaidine, a pyridine alkaloid, is a potent GABA uptake inhibitor. Arecaidine is a substrate of H+-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1, SLC36A1) and competitively inhibits L-proline uptake[1][2].
Tellimagrandin II
Isolated from Eugenia caryophyllata (clove) and Filipendula ulmaria (meadowsweet). Tellimagrandin II is found in many foods, some of which are nance, kelp, komatsuna, and narrowleaf cattail. Tellimagrandin II is found in acorn. Tellimagrandin II is isolated from Eugenia caryophyllata (clove) and Filipendula ulmaria (meadowsweet). Tellimagrandin II (Eugeniin), the first intermediate in the 4C1-glucose derived series of ellagitannins, also inhibits antibiotic resistance of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[1][2]. Tellimagrandin II (Eugeniin), the first intermediate in the 4C1-glucose derived series of ellagitannins, also inhibits antibiotic resistance of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[1][2].
Plastoquinone 9
Constituent of alfalfa and other plants. Plastoquinone 9 is found in barley, pulses, and anise. Plastoquinone 9 is found in anise. Plastoquinone 9 is a constituent of alfalfa and other plants
1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone
1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone is found in alcoholic beverages. 1-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone is from grains of paradise (Amomum melegueta) and ginger (Zingiber officinale).Paradol is the active flavor constituent of the seeds of Guinea pepper (Aframomum melegueta). The seed is also known as Grains of paradise. Paradol has been found to have antioxidative and antitumor promoting effects. It is used in flavors as an essential oil to give spiciness. (Wikipedia [6]-Paradol is a member of phenols, a ketone and a monomethoxybenzene. Paradol is a natural product found in Aframomum angustifolium, Aframomum melegueta, and Zingiber officinale with data available. From grains of paradise (Amomum melegueta) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) Paradol is a pungent phenolic substance found in ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants. Paradol is an effective inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse skin carcinogenesis, binds to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 active site. Paradol is a pungent phenolic substance found in ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants. Paradol is an effective inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse skin carcinogenesis, binds to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 active site.
Cleistanthin
Harringtonine
D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D000972 - Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic > D006248 - Harringtonines relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.578 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.580 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.570 Harringtonine is a natural Cephalotaxus alkaloid that inhibits protein synthesis. Harringtonine has anti-chikungunya virus (CHIKV) activities with an EC50 of 0.24 μM. Harringtonine is a natural Cephalotaxus alkaloid that inhibits protein synthesis. Harringtonine has anti-chikungunya virus (CHIKV) activities with an EC50 of 0.24 μM.
Arborinine
Arborinine is found in herbs and spices. Arborinine is an alkaloid from Ruta graveolens (rue
LICARIN A
(-)-Licarin A is a natural product found in Magnolia dodecapetala, Magnolia kachirachirai, and other organisms with data available. Dehydrodiisoeugenol is a natural product found in Myristica fragrans with data available. Dehydrodiisoeugenol is isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, shows anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial actions[1]. Dehydrodiisoeugenol inhibits LPS- stimulated NF-κB activation and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 gene expression in murine macrophages[2]. Dehydrodiisoeugenol is isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, shows anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial actions[1]. Dehydrodiisoeugenol inhibits LPS- stimulated NF-κB activation and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 gene expression in murine macrophages[2]. Licarin A ((+)-Licarin A), a neolignan, significantly and dose-dependently reduces TNF-α production (IC50=12.6 μM) in dinitrophenyl-human serum albumin (DNP-HSA)-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Anti-allergic effects. Licarin A reduces TNF-α and PGD2 production, and COX-2 expression[1]. Licarin A ((+)-Licarin A), a neolignan, significantly and dose-dependently reduces TNF-α production (IC50=12.6 μM) in dinitrophenyl-human serum albumin (DNP-HSA)-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Anti-allergic effects. Licarin A reduces TNF-α and PGD2 production, and COX-2 expression[1].
Graveoline
Graveoline is found in herbs and spices. Graveoline is an alkaloid from Ruta graveolens (rue). Alkaloid from Ruta graveolens (rue). Graveoline is found in herbs and spices. Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1]. Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1].
Solamargine
Solamargine is an azaspiro compound, a steroid and an oxaspiro compound. Solamargine has been used in trials studying the treatment of Actinic Keratosis. Solamargine is a natural product found in Solanum pittosporifolium, Solanum americanum, and other organisms with data available. Solamargine, a derivative from the steroidal solasodine in Solanum species, exhibits anticancer activities in numerous types of cancer. Solamargine induces non-selective cytotoxicity and P-glycoprotein inhibition. Solamargine significantly inhibits migration and invasion of HepG2 cells by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and activity[1][2]. Solamargine, a derivative from the steroidal solasodine in Solanum species, exhibits anticancer activities in numerous types of cancer. Solamargine induces non-selective cytotoxicity and P-glycoprotein inhibition. Solamargine significantly inhibits migration and invasion of HepG2 cells by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and activity[1][2].
Ethanone, 1-(9-azabicyclo(4.2.1)non-2-en-2-yl)-, (1R)-
methibenzuron
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 465; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8644; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8642 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 465; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8645; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8643 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 465; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8589; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8584 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 465; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8593; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8591 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 465; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8647; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8645 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 465; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8557; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8555
benalfocin
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D018674 - Adrenergic Antagonists
Fluvalinate
D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides > D011722 - Pyrethrins D016573 - Agrochemicals
Temik
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals
Dexniguldipine
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
MK 571
D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D018927 - Anti-Asthmatic Agents > D020024 - Leukotriene Antagonists D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D018927 - Anti-Asthmatic Agents > D001993 - Bronchodilator Agents D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents
Calpain Inhibitor I
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D015853 - Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D007976 - Leupeptins
5,7-Dihydroxy-3-methoxyflavone
3-methylgalangin is a monomethoxyflavone that is galangin in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been replaced by a methoxy group. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a dihydroxyflavone and a monomethoxyflavone. It is functionally related to a galangin. Galangin 3-methyl ether is a natural product found in Gaga kaulfussii, Helichrysum aureum, and other organisms with data available. A monomethoxyflavone that is galangin in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been replaced by a methoxy group. 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-methoxyflavone is found in herbs and spices. 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-methoxyflavone occurs in Galanga roo Occurs in Galanga root. 3-Methylgalangin is found in mexican oregano and herbs and spices. 3-O-Methylgalangin (Galangin 3-methyl ether) is a natural flavonoid compound from the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum (AO) with antibacterial activities, which also inhibits pancreatic lipase[1][2]. 3-O-Methylgalangin (Galangin 3-methyl ether) is a natural flavonoid compound from the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum (AO) with antibacterial activities, which also inhibits pancreatic lipase[1][2]. 3-O-Methylgalangin (Galangin 3-methyl ether) is a natural flavonoid compound from the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum (AO) with antibacterial activities, which also inhibits pancreatic lipase[1][2].
Aziridine
Glucosidase, also known as ethyleneimine or azacyclopropane, is a member of the class of compounds known as aziridines. Aziridines are organic compounds containing a saturated three-member heterocycle with one amino group and two methylene groups. Glucosidase is soluble (in water) and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Glucosidase can be found in soy bean and wild celery, which makes glucosidase a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Glucosidases are glycoside hydrolase enzymes categorized under the EC number 3.2.1 . C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C2842 - DNA Binding Agent
Levonordefrin
Levonordefrin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It acts as a topical nasal decongestant and vasoconstrictor, most often used in dentistry.It is designed to mimic the molecular shape of adrenaline. It binds to alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa. Here it can, therefore, cause vasoconstriction C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C87053 - Adrenergic Agonist D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents Same as: D02388 Levonordefrin, a common alternative to levoepinephrine as a vasoconstrictor in dental local anesthetic preparations, is usually used in fivefold higher concentrations. Levonordefrin is generally considered equivalent to epinephrine[1].
undecylprodigiosin
A member of the class of tripyrroles that is 1H-pyrrole substituted by (4-methoxy-1H,5H-[2,2-bipyrrol]-5-ylidene)methyl and undecyl groups at positions 2 and 5, respectively. It is a pigment produced by Stveptomyces coelicolor. D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents
Telomestatin
Telomestatin is a naturally occurring organic compound classified as a cyclic phenolphthioceramide derivative. It is isolated from the fermentation broth of microorganisms and is known for its antitumor properties. The name "telomestatin" reflects its primary mode of action, which is the inhibition of telomerase, an enzyme crucial for the maintenance of chromosome stability and cell proliferation, particularly in cancer cells where telomerase activity is often elevated. Telomerase is responsible for adding repetitive DNA sequences called telomeres to the ends of chromosomes, which prevents the loss of genetic material during DNA replication and cell division. By inhibiting telomerase, telomestatin interferes with the ability of cancer cells to divide and proliferate, making it a potential candidate for antitumor therapy. The compound's unique chemical structure allows it to bind specifically to the telomerase RNA component, thereby blocking the enzyme's activity. The discovery and study of telomestatin have contributed to the understanding of telomerase biology and the development of potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
Foeniculoside X
Foeniculoside x is a member of the class of compounds known as tetracenequinones. Tetracenequinones are polyaromatic hydrocarbon derivatives containing a tetracyclic cycle made up of four linearly fused benzene rings, one of which bears two ketone groups at position 1 and 4. Foeniculoside x is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Foeniculoside x can be found in fennel, which makes foeniculoside x a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Pyricarbate
C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Same as: D01396
Lynestrenol
G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03A - Hormonal contraceptives for systemic use > G03AC - Progestogens G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03D - Progestogens > G03DC - Estren derivatives C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone D012102 - Reproductive Control Agents > D003270 - Contraceptive Agents Same as: D01580
Tannic acid
Clarifying agent for beer and wine; flavour enhancer, colour modifier, pH control agent. Permitted boiler water additive in generation of steam for use in food contact processes Same as: D01959 Tannic acid is a novel hERG channel blocker with IC50 of 3.4 μM. Tannic acid is a novel hERG channel blocker with IC50 of 3.4 μM.
NS-102
NS-102 is a selective kainate (GluK2) receptor antagonist. NS-102 is a potent GluR6/7 receptor antagonist[1][2][3].
Gallopamil
C - Cardiovascular system > C08 - Calcium channel blockers > C08D - Selective calcium channel blockers with direct cardiac effects > C08DA - Phenylalkylamine derivatives C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent > C333 - Calcium Channel Blocker D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators C93038 - Cation Channel Blocker Same as: D08009
1-Naphthaldehyde
1-naphthaldehyde, also known as alpha-naphthal or 1-formylnaphthalene, is a member of the class of compounds known as naphthalenes. Naphthalenes are compounds containing a naphthalene moiety, which consists of two fused benzene rings. 1-naphthaldehyde is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). 1-naphthaldehyde can be found in a number of food items such as black crowberry, devilfish, other soy product, and chinese bayberry, which makes 1-naphthaldehyde a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. This compound belongs to the family of Naphthalenes. These are compounds containing a naphthalene moiety, which consists of two fused benzene rings.
Nafoxidine
D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D004965 - Estrogen Antagonists C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C1821 - Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C1742 - Angiogenesis Inhibitor > C1971 - Angiogenesis Activator Inhibitor C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C129818 - Antineoplastic Hormonal/Endocrine Agent > C481 - Antiestrogen C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents C1892 - Chemopreventive Agent
16-Dehydropregenolone Acetate
D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones
Chloroxylenol
D - Dermatologicals > D08 - Antiseptics and disinfectants > D08A - Antiseptics and disinfectants > D08AE - Phenol and derivatives D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000871 - Anthelmintics C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C28394 - Topical Anti-Infective Agent D004202 - Disinfectants Same as: D03473
Moxestrol
G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03C - Estrogens > G03CB - Synthetic estrogens, plain D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D004965 - Estrogen Antagonists C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones ATC code: G03CB04
Levomycin
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
Angiotensin (1-9)
A nine amino acid peptide which is formed when angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) hydrolyzes the carboxy terminal leucine from angiotensin I. It is a anti-cardiac hypertrophy agent. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones COVID info from WikiPathways Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Cis-stilbene oxide
Cis-stilbene oxide is part of the Bile secretion pathway. It is a substrate for: Epoxide hydrolase 1.
N'-nitrosonornicotine
N-nitrosonornicotine belongs to the family of Pyrrolidinylpyridines. These are compounds containing a pyrrolidinylpyridine ring system, which consists of a pyrrolidine ring linked to a pyridine ring. D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens
beta-Sesquiphellandrene
Constituent of the oil of ginger (Zingiber officinale). beta-Sesquiphellandrene is found in many foods, some of which are turmeric, parsley, rosemary, and tea. beta-Sesquiphellandrene is found in common oregano. beta-Sesquiphellandrene is a constituent of the oil of ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Gonyautoxin I
Gonyautoxin I is found in mollusks. Gonyautoxin I is produced by Gonyaulax and Protogonyaulax species and isolated from shellfish. Neurotoxin, causal agent, with Saxitoxin, of shellfish poisoning. From Gonyaulax and Protogonyaulax subspecies Gonyautoxin IV is found in mollusks. D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D008978 - Mollusk Venoms D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D008387 - Marine Toxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014688 - Venoms
Yessotoxin
Yessotoxin is found in mollusks. Toxic constituent of scallops (Patinopecten yessoensis). Toxic constituent of scallops (Patinopecten yessoensis). Yessotoxin is found in mollusks. D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D008978 - Mollusk Venoms D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D008387 - Marine Toxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014688 - Venoms
Bufadienolide
D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides
Cnidilide
Cnidilide is a member of the class of compounds known as isobenzofurans. Isobenzofurans are organic aromatic compounds containing an isobenzofuran moiety. Cnidilide is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Cnidilide can be found in wild celery, which makes cnidilide a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Neosaxitoxin
D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents > D009466 - Neuromuscular Blocking Agents Neosaxitoxin is produced by Protogonyaulax and found in shellfis D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D008978 - Mollusk Venoms D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D008387 - Marine Toxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014688 - Venoms D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals
Arcapillin
A trihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 4 and 5 and methoxy groups at positions 5, 6 and 7 respectively.
Pyropheophorbide a
Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a promising photosensitizer for tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT)[1].
DL-Arginine
DL-Arginine is used in physicochemical analysis of amino acid complexation dynamics and crystal structure formations. DL-Arginine is used in physicochemical analysis of amino acid complexation dynamics and crystal structure formations.
alpha-Bisabolol
alpha-Bisabolol is a nontoxic sesquiterpene alcohol present in natural essential oil, with anticancer activity. alpha-Bisabolol exerts selective anticancer effect on A549 NSCLC cells (IC50=15 μM) via induction of cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. alpha-Bisabolol also strongly induces apoptosis in glioma cells[1][2]. alpha-Bisabolol is a nontoxic sesquiterpene alcohol present in natural essential oil, with anticancer activity. alpha-Bisabolol exerts selective anticancer effect on A549 NSCLC cells (IC50=15 μM) via induction of cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. alpha-Bisabolol also strongly induces apoptosis in glioma cells[1][2].
Graveoline
D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents > D011564 - Furocoumarins Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1]. Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1].
Isofraxidin
Isofraxidin is a hydroxycoumarin. Isofraxidin is a natural product found in Artemisia alba, Artemisia assoana, and other organisms with data available. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2]. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2].
Dihydro-resveratrol
Dihydroresveratrol is a stilbenol that is 1,1-ethane-1,2-diyldibenzene with hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 4. It has a role as a xenobiotic metabolite and a plant metabolite. Dihydroresveratrol is a natural product found in Blasia pusilla, Dioscorea dumetorum, and other organisms with data available. A stilbenol that is 1,1-ethane-1,2-diyldibenzene with hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 4. Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1]. Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1].
3-O-Caffeoyl-4-O-methylquinic acid
3-O-Caffeoyl-4-O-methylquinic acid is found in green vegetables. It is a constituent of Phyllostachys edulis (moso bamboo). Constituent of Phyllostachys edulis (moso bamboo). 3-O-Caffeoyl-4-O-methylquinic acid is found in green vegetables. 3-Feruloylquinic acid, a derivative of quinic acid-bound phenolic acid, shows antioxidant activity. 3-Feruloylquinic acid markedly enhances by high photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and UV irradiances[1][2]. 3-Feruloylquinic acid, a derivative of quinic acid-bound phenolic acid, shows antioxidant activity. 3-Feruloylquinic acid markedly enhances by high photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and UV irradiances[1][2].
beta-Glucogallin
beta-Glucogallin is found in green vegetables. beta-Glucogallin is isolated from various plants, e.g. Rheum officinale (Chinese rhubarb), Eucalyptus species. Isolated from various plants, e.g. Rheum officinale (Chinese rhubarb), Eucalyptus subspecies 1-Glucosyl gallate is found in tea and green vegetables.
(1R,4S,5R)-4-Thujanol
(1R,4S,5R)-4-Thujanol is found in herbs and spices. (1R,4S,5R)-4-Thujanol is a constituent of the essential oil of American peppermint and other Mentha species (1R,4S,5R)-4-Thujanol is a flavouring agent Constituent of the essential oil of American peppermint and other Mentha subspecies Flavouring agent. (1R,4S,5R)-4-Thujanol is found in herbs and spices.
trans-Jasmone
trans-Jasmone is found in spearmint. Jasmone is a natural organic compound extracted from the volatile portion of the oil from jasmine flowers. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that has the odor of jasmine. Jasmone can exist in two isomeric forms with differing geometry around the pentenyl double bond, cis-jasmone and trans-jasmone. The natural extract contains only the cis form, while synthetic material is often a mixture containing both forms, with the cis form predominating. Both forms have similar odors and chemical properties. (Wikipedia Jasmone is a natural organic compound extracted from the volatile portion of the oil from jasmine flowers. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that has the odor of jasmine. Jasmone can exist in two isomeric forms with differing geometry around the pentenyl double bond, cis-jasmone and trans-jasmone. The natural extract contains only the cis form, while synthetic material is often a mixture containing both forms, with the cis form predominating. Both forms have similar odors and chemical properties. trans-Jasmone is found in spearmint. Cis-Jasmone is a plant-derived natural product. Cis-Jasmone is constitutively released by many flowers and sometimes by leaves as an attractant for pollinators or as a chemical cue for host location by insect flower herbivores. Cis-Jasmone treatment of crop plants not only induces direct defense against herbivores, but also induces indirect defense by releasing VOCs that attract natural enemies[1]. Cis-Jasmone is a plant-derived natural product. Cis-Jasmone is constitutively released by many flowers and sometimes by leaves as an attractant for pollinators or as a chemical cue for host location by insect flower herbivores. Cis-Jasmone treatment of crop plants not only induces direct defense against herbivores, but also induces indirect defense by releasing VOCs that attract natural enemies[1].
Pyrophaeophorbide a
Pyrophaeophorbide a is found in tea. Pyrophaeophorbide a is isolated from te Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a promising photosensitizer for tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT)[1].
Petunidin 3-glucoside
Present in red wine. Petunidin 3-glucoside is found in many foods, some of which are common grape, gooseberry, highbush blueberry, and sweet cherry. Petunidin 3-glucoside is found in alcoholic beverages. Petunidin 3-glucoside is present in red wine.
penitrem A
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins Penitrem A is an indole diterpene neurotoxic alkaloid produced by Penicillium, acts as a selective BK channel antagonist with antiproliferative and anti-invasive activities against multiple malignancies. Penitrem A increases the spontaneous release of endogenous glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and aspartate from cerebrocortical synaptosomes, and induces tremorgenic syndromes in animals[1][2].
Methyl alpha-D-galactopyranoside
Present in Medicago sativa (alfalfa). Methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside is found in cereals and cereal products.
2-[6-Fluoro-2-methyl-3-[(4-methylsulfinylphenyl)methylidene]-1-indenyl]acetic acid
N-[(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-8-methyl-6-nonenamide
alpha-amanitin
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D000546 - Amanitins
alpha-Bisabolol
alpha-Bisabolol is a nontoxic sesquiterpene alcohol present in natural essential oil, with anticancer activity. alpha-Bisabolol exerts selective anticancer effect on A549 NSCLC cells (IC50=15 μM) via induction of cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. alpha-Bisabolol also strongly induces apoptosis in glioma cells[1][2]. alpha-Bisabolol is a nontoxic sesquiterpene alcohol present in natural essential oil, with anticancer activity. alpha-Bisabolol exerts selective anticancer effect on A549 NSCLC cells (IC50=15 μM) via induction of cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling pathways. alpha-Bisabolol also strongly induces apoptosis in glioma cells[1][2].
Bufadienolide
Bufadienolide is the simplest member of the class of bufadienolides that is bufanolide with unsaturation at positions 20 and 22. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides
Ppack
Alkaloid C from cephalotaxus
D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D000972 - Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic > D006248 - Harringtonines Harringtonine is a natural Cephalotaxus alkaloid that inhibits protein synthesis. Harringtonine has anti-chikungunya virus (CHIKV) activities with an EC50 of 0.24 μM. Harringtonine is a natural Cephalotaxus alkaloid that inhibits protein synthesis. Harringtonine has anti-chikungunya virus (CHIKV) activities with an EC50 of 0.24 μM.
lapachol
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000871 - Anthelmintics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents Lapachol is a naphthoquinone that was first isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae (Bignoniaceae)[1]. Lapachol shows anti-abscess, anti-ulcer, antileishmanial, anticarcinomic, antiedemic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiseptic, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and pesticidal activities[2]. Lapachol is a naphthoquinone that was first isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae (Bignoniaceae)[1]. Lapachol shows anti-abscess, anti-ulcer, antileishmanial, anticarcinomic, antiedemic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiseptic, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and pesticidal activities[2].
Lawsone
D020011 - Protective Agents > D011837 - Radiation-Protective Agents > D013473 - Sunscreening Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents D003879 - Dermatologic Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D004396 - Coloring Agents D003358 - Cosmetics Lawsone is a naphthoquinone dye isolated from leaves of Lawsonia inermis that shows antimicrobial and antioxidant activity[1]. Lawsone is a naphthoquinone dye isolated from leaves of Lawsonia inermis that shows antimicrobial and antioxidant activity[1].
(E)-Butylidene phthalide
(e)-butylidene phthalide, also known as 3-butylidene-1(3h)-isobenzofuranone, is a member of the class of compounds known as isobenzofuranones. Isobenzofuranones are compounds containing a 2-benzofuran moiety that carries an oxo group at the 1 position (e)-butylidene phthalide is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). (e)-butylidene phthalide can be found in wild celery, which makes (e)-butylidene phthalide a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. 3-Butylidenephthalide (Butylidenephthalide) is a phthalic anhydride derivative identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, and has larvicidal activity (LC50 of 1.56 mg/g for Spodoptera litura larvae)[1]. 3-Butylidenephthalide (Butylidenephthalide) is a phthalic anhydride derivative identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, and has larvicidal activity (LC50 of 1.56 mg/g for Spodoptera litura larvae)[1].
4-hydroxysphinganine
4-hydroxysphinganine is a member of the class of compounds known as 1,3-aminoalcohols. 1,3-aminoalcohols are organic compounds containing an alkyl chain with an amine group bound to the C1 atom and an alcohol group bound to the C3 atom. 4-hydroxysphinganine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4-hydroxysphinganine can be found in a number of food items such as fenugreek, citrus, chestnut, and boysenberry, which makes 4-hydroxysphinganine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Dehydroabietic acid
Dehydroabietic acid is an abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted at position 18 by a carboxy group. It has a role as a metabolite and an allergen. It is an abietane diterpenoid, a monocarboxylic acid and a carbotricyclic compound. It is functionally related to an abietic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a dehydroabietate. Dehydroabietic acid is a natural product found in Nostoc, Relhania corymbosa, and other organisms with data available. Dehydroabietic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as diterpenoids. These are terpene compounds formed by four isoprene units. An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted at position 18 by a carboxy group. Dehydroabietic acid possesses antiviral activity[1]. Dehydroabietic acid possesses antiviral activity[1].
Fargesin
Fargesin is a lignan. Planinin is a natural product found in Piper mullesua and Magnolia coco with data available. (+/-)-Fargesin is a natural product found in Piper mullesua, Aristolochia cymbifera, and other organisms with data available. Fargesin is a bioactive neolignan isolated from magnolia plants, with antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory effects[1][2][3]. Fargesin is a bioactive neolignan isolated from magnolia plants, with antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory effects[1][2][3].
3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid
Isochlorogenic acid b is a quinic acid. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a natural product found in Centaurea bracteata, Strychnos axillaris, and other organisms with data available. See also: Lonicera japonica flower (part of); Stevia rebaudiuna Leaf (part of). Isolated from coffee and maté. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in many foods, some of which are robusta coffee, arabica coffee, coffee, and coffee and coffee products. 3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid is found in arabica coffee. 3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid is isolated from coffe 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid), naturally isolated from Laggera alata, has antioxidative, DNA protective, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid exerts apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid possesses a unique mechanism of anti-influenza viral activity, that is, enhancing viral clearance by increasing TRAIL[1][2][3]. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid), naturally isolated from Laggera alata, has antioxidative, DNA protective, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid exerts apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid possesses a unique mechanism of anti-influenza viral activity, that is, enhancing viral clearance by increasing TRAIL[1][2][3].
1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid
1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid is an alkyl caffeate ester obtained by the formal condensation of hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 of ()-quinic acid with two molecules of trans-caffeic acid. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a quinic acid and an alkyl caffeate ester. It is functionally related to a trans-caffeic acid and a (-)-quinic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 1,3-dicaffeoylquinate. Cynarine is a natural product found in Saussurea involucrata, Helichrysum italicum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Cynara scolymus leaf (part of). Cynarine is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a biologically active chemical constituent of artichoke. Chemically, it is an ester formed from quinic acid and two units of caffeic acid. 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in cardoon, globe artichoke, and fennel. 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in cardoon. Cynarine is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a biologically active chemical constituent of artichoke. Chemically, it is an ester formed from quinic acid and two units of caffeic acid. (Wikipedia An alkyl caffeate ester obtained by the formal condensation of hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 of ()-quinic acid with two molecules of trans-caffeic acid. C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C66913 - Cholagogues or Choleretic Agents D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002756 - Cholagogues and Choleretics 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative that exhibits antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity. 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative that exhibits antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity. 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative that exhibits antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity. Cynarin is an antichoke agent with a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities. Cynarin is an antichoke agent with a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities.
Baccatin_III
Baccatin III is a tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated from plant species of the genus Taxus. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a tetracyclic diterpenoid, an acetate ester and a benzoate ester. It derives from a hydride of a taxane. Baccatin III is a natural product found in Corylus avellana, Taxus wallichiana, and other organisms with data available. Baccatin III is a compound obtained from the needles of the Taxus baccata tree that is used as a precursor of paclitaxel. C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C273 - Antimitotic Agent A tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated from plant species of the genus Taxus. Baccatin III is a natural product isolated from Pacific yew tree and related species. Baccatin III reduces tumor progression by inhibiting the accumulation and suppressive function of MDSCs[1]. Baccatin III is a natural product isolated from Pacific yew tree and related species. Baccatin III reduces tumor progression by inhibiting the accumulation and suppressive function of MDSCs[1].
Vicenin
Isovitexin 8-C-beta-glucoside is a C-glycosyl compound that is isovitexin in which the hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavone and a C-glycosyl compound. It is functionally related to an isovitexin. Vicenin-2 is a natural product found in Carex fraseriana, Pseudarrhenatherum longifolium, and other organisms with data available. A C-glycosyl compound that is isovitexin in which the hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. Vicenin 2 is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (IC50=43.83 μM) from the aerial parts of Desmodium styracifolium[1]. Vicenin 2 is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (IC50=43.83 μM) from the aerial parts of Desmodium styracifolium[1].
3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid
Isochlorogenic acid b is a quinic acid. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a natural product found in Centaurea bracteata, Strychnos axillaris, and other organisms with data available. See also: Lonicera japonica flower (part of); Stevia rebaudiuna Leaf (part of). Isolated from coffee and maté. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in many foods, some of which are robusta coffee, arabica coffee, coffee, and coffee and coffee products. 3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid is found in arabica coffee. 3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid is isolated from coffe 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid), naturally isolated from Laggera alata, has antioxidative, DNA protective, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid exerts apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid possesses a unique mechanism of anti-influenza viral activity, that is, enhancing viral clearance by increasing TRAIL[1][2][3]. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-Di-O-caffeoylquinic acid), naturally isolated from Laggera alata, has antioxidative, DNA protective, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid exerts apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. 3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid possesses a unique mechanism of anti-influenza viral activity, that is, enhancing viral clearance by increasing TRAIL[1][2][3].
(+)-Fargesin
Constituent of Artemisia absinthium (wormwood). (+)-Fargesin is found in alcoholic beverages and herbs and spices. (+)-Spinescin is found in herbs and spices. (+)-Spinescin is a constituent of sassafras root. Kobusin is a bisepoxylignan isolated from the Pnonobio biondii Pamp. Kobusin is an activator of CFTR and CaCCgie chloride channels and a inhibitor of ANO1/CaCC (calcium-activated chloride channel) channel[1][2]. Kobusin is a bisepoxylignan isolated from the Pnonobio biondii Pamp. Kobusin is an activator of CFTR and CaCCgie chloride channels and a inhibitor of ANO1/CaCC (calcium-activated chloride channel) channel[1][2].
Pectolinarigenin
Pectolinarigenin is a dimethoxyflavone that is the 6,4-dimethyl ether derivative of scutellarein. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a dimethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a scutellarein. Pectolinarigenin is a natural product found in Eupatorium cannabinum, Chromolaena odorata, and other organisms with data available. A dimethoxyflavone that is the 6,4-dimethyl ether derivative of scutellarein. Pectolinarigenin, also known as 5,7-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyflavone or 4-methylcapillarisin, is a member of the class of compounds known as 6-o-methylated flavonoids. 6-o-methylated flavonoids are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C6 atom of the flavonoid backbone. Thus, pectolinarigenin is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. Pectolinarigenin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Pectolinarigenin can be found in sunflower and tarragon, which makes pectolinarigenin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Pectolinarigenin is a Cirsium isolate with anti-inflammatory activity and belongs to the flavones . Pectolinarigenin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. Anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarigenin has potent inhibitory activities on melanogenesis[2]. Pectolinarigenin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. Anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarigenin has potent inhibitory activities on melanogenesis[2]. Pectolinarigenin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. Anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarigenin has potent inhibitory activities on melanogenesis[2].
methylselenocysteine
D020011 - Protective Agents > D016588 - Anticarcinogenic Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents Se-Methylselenocysteine, a precursor of Methylselenol, has potent cancer chemopreventive activity and anti-oxidant activity. Se-Methylselenocysteine is orally bioavailable, and induces apoptosis[1][2]. Se-Methylselenocysteine, a precursor of Methylselenol, has potent cancer chemopreventive activity and anti-oxidant activity. Se-Methylselenocysteine is orally bioavailable, and induces apoptosis[1][2].
Norwogonin
Norwogonin is a trihydroxyflavone with the hydroxy groups at positions C-5, -7 and -8. It has a role as an antioxidant and a metabolite. Norwogonin is a natural product found in Scutellaria discolor, Scutellaria strigillosa, and other organisms with data available. A trihydroxyflavone with the hydroxy groups at positions C-5, -7 and -8. Norwogonin, isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, possesses antiviral activity against Enterovirus 71 (EV71) with an IC50 of 31.83 μg/ml[1] Norwogonin, isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, possesses antiviral activity against Enterovirus 71 (EV71) with an IC50 of 31.83 μg/ml[1]
Irigenin
Irigenin is a hydroxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 3 and methoxy groups at positions 6, 4 and 5 respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a hydroxyisoflavone and a member of 4-methoxyisoflavones. It is functionally related to an isoflavone. Irigenin is a natural product found in Iris milesii, Iris tectorum, and other organisms with data available. A hydroxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 3 and methoxy groups at positions 6, 4 and 5 respectively. Irigenin is a is a lead compound, and mediates its anti-metastatic effect by specifically and selectively blocking α9β1 and α4β1 integrins binding sites on C-C loop of Extra Domain A (EDA). Irigenin shows anti-cancer properties. It sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis via enhancing pro-apoptotic molecules in gastric cancer cells[1]. Irigenin is a is a lead compound, and mediates its anti-metastatic effect by specifically and selectively blocking α9β1 and α4β1 integrins binding sites on C-C loop of Extra Domain A (EDA). Irigenin shows anti-cancer properties. It sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis via enhancing pro-apoptotic molecules in gastric cancer cells[1].
3-Butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone
(Z)-3-Butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone is found in herbs and spices. (Z)-3-Butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone is a constituent of Angelica glauca Flavouring ingredient. 3-Butylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone is found in wild celery and lovage. 3-Butylidenephthalide (Butylidenephthalide) is a phthalic anhydride derivative identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, and has larvicidal activity (LC50 of 1.56 mg/g for Spodoptera litura larvae)[1]. 3-Butylidenephthalide (Butylidenephthalide) is a phthalic anhydride derivative identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, and has larvicidal activity (LC50 of 1.56 mg/g for Spodoptera litura larvae)[1].
Obtusifolin
Obtusifolin is a dihydroxyanthraquinone. Obtusifolin is a natural product found in Senna obtusifolia and Senna tora with data available. Obtusifolin, isolated from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, regulates the gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin in airway epithelial cells via inhibiting NF-kB pathway[1]. Obtusifolin suppresses phthalate esters-induced breast cancer bone metastasis by targeting parathyroid hormone-related protein[2]. Obtusifolin, isolated from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, regulates the gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin in airway epithelial cells via inhibiting NF-kB pathway[1]. Obtusifolin suppresses phthalate esters-induced breast cancer bone metastasis by targeting parathyroid hormone-related protein[2].
Brucin
D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D007155 - Immunologic Factors
Cynaropicrin
Cynaropicrin is a sesquiterpene lactone. Cynaropicrin is a natural product found in Pleiotaxis rugosa, Pseudostifftia kingii, and other organisms with data available. See also: Cynara scolymus leaf (part of). D009676 - Noxae > D003603 - Cytotoxins Cynaropicrin is a sesquiterpene lactone which can inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) release with IC50s of 8.24 and 3.18 μM for murine and human macrophage cells, respectively. Cynaropicrin also inhibits the increase of cartilage degradation factor (MMP13) and suppresses NF-κB signaling. Cynaropicrin is a sesquiterpene lactone which can inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) release with IC50s of 8.24 and 3.18 μM for murine and human macrophage cells, respectively. Cynaropicrin also inhibits the increase of cartilage degradation factor (MMP13) and suppresses NF-κB signaling.
Liriodenine
Liriodenine is an oxoaporphine alkaloid that is 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydronoraporphin-7-one substituted by a methylenedioxy group across positions 1 and 2. It is isolated from Annona glabra and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. It has a role as a metabolite, an antineoplastic agent, an antimicrobial agent, an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor and an antifungal agent. It is a cyclic ketone, an oxacycle, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an alkaloid antibiotic and an oxoaporphine alkaloid. It is functionally related to an aporphine. Liriodenine is a natural product found in Magnolia mexicana, Annona purpurea, and other organisms with data available. An oxoaporphine alkaloid that is 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydronoraporphin-7-one substituted by a methylenedioxy group across positions 1 and 2. It is isolated from Annona glabra and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.
Convallatoxin
Convallatoxin is a cardenolide glycoside that consists of strophanthidin having a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl (L-rhamnosyl) group attached at position 3. It has a role as a vasodilator agent and a metabolite. It is an alpha-L-rhamnoside, a 19-oxo steroid, a 14beta-hydroxy steroid, a 5beta-hydroxy steroid, a steroid lactone and a steroid aldehyde. It is functionally related to a strophanthidin. Convallatoxin is a natural product found in Crossosoma bigelovii, Convallaria keiskei, and other organisms with data available. Convallatoxin is a glycoside extracted from Convallaria majalis. Convallatoxin is also isolated from the trunk bark of Antiaris toxicaria (A15340). A cardenolide glycoside that consists of strophanthidin having a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl (L-rhamnosyl) group attached at position 3. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D013328 - Strophanthins D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents Convallatoxin is a cardiac glycoside isolated from Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde. Convallatoxin ameliorates colitic inflammation via activation of PPARγ and suppression of NF-κB. Convallatoxin is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and recognized Val982 as an important amino acid involved in its transport. Convallatoxin is an enhancer of ligand-induced MOR endocytosis with high potency and efficacy. Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties[1][2][3]. Convallatoxin is a cardiac glycoside isolated from Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde. Convallatoxin ameliorates colitic inflammation via activation of PPARγ and suppression of NF-κB. Convallatoxin is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and recognized Val982 as an important amino acid involved in its transport. Convallatoxin is an enhancer of ligand-induced MOR endocytosis with high potency and efficacy. Anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties[1][2][3].
alpha-Cadinol
A cadinane sesquiterpenoid that is cadin-4-ene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 10.
Glycitein
A natural product found in Cordyceps sinensis. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D004967 - Estrogens Glycitein is a soy isoflavone used to study apoptosis and antioxidant. Glycitein is a soy isoflavone used to study apoptosis and antioxidant.
Euxanthone
Euxanthone is a member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1 and 7 and an oxo group at position 9. It has been isolated from Cratoxylum cochinchinense. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a metabolite. It is a member of xanthones and a member of phenols. Euxanthone is a natural product found in Garcinia oblongifolia, Hypericum scabrum, and other organisms with data available. A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1 and 7 and an oxo group at position 9. It has been isolated from Cratoxylum cochinchinense. Occurs in Mammea americana (mamey), Platonia insignis (bakuri) and Mangifera indica (mango). Euxanthone is found in fruits and mammee apple. Euxanthone is found in fruits. Euxanthone occurs in Mammea americana (mamey), Platonia insignis (bakuri) and Mangifera indica (mango
Rhamnetin
Rhamnetin is a monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position 7. It has a role as a metabolite, an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a monomethoxyflavone and a tetrahydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a quercetin. It is a conjugate acid of a rhamnetin-3-olate. Rhamnetin is a natural product found in Ageratina altissima, Ammannia auriculata, and other organisms with data available. A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position 7. 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4h-chromen-4-one, also known as 7-methoxyquercetin or quercetin 7-methyl ether, is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonols. Flavonols are compounds that contain a flavone (2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-4-one) backbone carrying a hydroxyl group at the 3-position. Thus, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4h-chromen-4-one is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4h-chromen-4-one is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4h-chromen-4-one can be found in a number of food items such as tea, apple, sweet orange, and parsley, which makes 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-4h-chromen-4-one a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Rhamnetin is a quercetin derivative found in Coriandrum sativum, inhibits secretory phospholipase A2, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Rhamnetin is a quercetin derivative found in Coriandrum sativum, inhibits secretory phospholipase A2, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Rhamnetin is a quercetin derivative found in Coriandrum sativum, inhibits secretory phospholipase A2, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity[1].
Tellimagrandin II
Isolated from Eugenia caryophyllata (clove) and Filipendula ulmaria (meadowsweet). Tellimagrandin II is found in many foods, some of which are nance, kelp, komatsuna, and narrowleaf cattail. Tellimagrandin II is found in acorn. Tellimagrandin II is isolated from Eugenia caryophyllata (clove) and Filipendula ulmaria (meadowsweet). Tellimagrandin II is a natural product found in Syzygium aromaticum, Tellima grandiflora, and other organisms with data available. Tellimagrandin II (Eugeniin), the first intermediate in the 4C1-glucose derived series of ellagitannins, also inhibits antibiotic resistance of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[1][2]. Tellimagrandin II (Eugeniin), the first intermediate in the 4C1-glucose derived series of ellagitannins, also inhibits antibiotic resistance of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[1][2].
temazepam
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives > N05CD - Benzodiazepine derivatives D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014151 - Anti-Anxiety Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic > C1012 - Benzodiazepine D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018682 - GABA Agents > D018757 - GABA Modulators C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C28197 - Antianxiety Agent CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1557 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8605
Exemestane
L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L02 - Endocrine therapy > L02B - Hormone antagonists and related agents > L02BG - Aromatase inhibitors D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D065088 - Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D004965 - Estrogen Antagonists C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C2189 - Signal Transduction Inhibitor > C129824 - Antineoplastic Protein Inhibitor D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065088 - Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors > D047072 - Aromatase Inhibitors C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C129818 - Antineoplastic Hormonal/Endocrine Agent > C481 - Antiestrogen C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C1740 - Aromatase Inhibitor C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C129825 - Antineoplastic Enzyme Inhibitor C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2242 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8738
fenthion
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 3155 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8480
DIFLUBENZURON
D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones Same as: D07829 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 492; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5071; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5069 INTERNAL_ID 492; CONFIDENCE standard compound; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5071; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5069 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 492; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5087; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5086 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 492; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5048; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5047 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 492; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5086; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5085 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 492; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5077; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5076 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 492; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5076; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5075 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 3388 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2332 INTERNAL_ID 2332; CONFIDENCE standard compound CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8458
Fk-506
D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents > D016559 - Tacrolimus D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065095 - Calcineurin Inhibitors CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 2807
Fenhexamid
CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3057
Norephedrine
R - Respiratory system > R01 - Nasal preparations > R01B - Nasal decongestants for systemic use > R01BA - Sympathomimetics D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D013566 - Sympathomimetics D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D000322 - Adrenergic Agonists D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D014663 - Nasal Decongestants D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents D019440 - Anti-Obesity Agents > D001067 - Appetite Depressants CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3684
Isofraxidin
Annotation level-1 Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2]. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2].
Morin
D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants Morin, a plant-derived flavonoid, possesses low antioxidant activity. Morin is a fluorescing chelating agent used in aluminum speciation[1][2]. Morin, a plant-derived flavonoid, possesses low antioxidant activity. Morin is a fluorescing chelating agent used in aluminum speciation[1][2].
Sclareol
Sclareol is a labdane diterpenoid that is labd-14-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 8 and 13. It has been isolated from Salvia sclarea. It has a role as an antimicrobial agent, an apoptosis inducer, a fragrance, an antifungal agent and a plant metabolite. Sclareol is a natural product found in Curcuma aromatica, Curcuma wenyujin, and other organisms with data available. See also: Clary Sage Oil (part of). A labdane diterpenoid that is labd-14-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 8 and 13. It has been isolated from Salvia sclarea. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.468 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.471 Sclareol is isolated from Salvia sclarea with anticarcinogenic activity. Sclareol shows strong cytotoxic activity against mouse leukemia?(P-388), human epidermal?carcinoma?(KB) cells and human?leukemia?cell lines. Sclareol induces cell apoptosis[1]. Sclareol is isolated from Salvia sclarea with anticarcinogenic activity. Sclareol shows strong cytotoxic activity against mouse leukemia?(P-388), human epidermal?carcinoma?(KB) cells and human?leukemia?cell lines. Sclareol induces cell apoptosis[1].
Kaempferide
relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.191 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.194 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.190 Kaempferide is an O-methylated flavonol also found in kaempferol. Kaempferide has antiviral activity. Kaempferide is an orally active flavonol isolated from Hippophae rhamnoides L. Kaempferide has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antihypertensive, and neuroprotective activities. Kaempferide induces apoptosis. Kaempferide promotes osteogenesis through antioxidants and can be used in osteoporosis research[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Kaempferide is an O-methylated flavonol also found in kaempferol. Kaempferide has antiviral activity.
2-Deoxy-5-Guanylic Acid
COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.057 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.055
aniracetam
N - Nervous system > N06 - Psychoanaleptics > N06B - Psychostimulants, agents used for adhd and nootropics D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D000928 - Antidepressive Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018697 - Nootropic Agents C26170 - Protective Agent > C1509 - Neuroprotective Agent Same as: D01883 Aniracetam (Ro 13-5057) is an orally active neuroprotective agent, possessing nootropics effects. Aniracetam potentiates the ionotropic quisqualate (iQA) responses in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices. Aniracetam also potentiates the excitatory post synaptic potentials (EPSPs) in Schaffer collateral-commissural synapses. Aniracetam can prevents the CO2-induced impairment of acquisition in hypercapnia model rats. Aniracetam can be used to research cerebral dysfunctional disorders[1][2][3][4].
Zolmitriptan
N - Nervous system > N02 - Analgesics > N02C - Antimigraine preparations > N02CC - Selective serotonin (5ht1) agonists D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D017366 - Serotonin Receptor Agonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C47794 - Serotonin Agonist D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D023303 - Oxazolidinones
Oxybutynin
G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G04 - Urologicals > G04B - Urologicals > G04BD - Drugs for urinary frequency and incontinence C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66880 - Anticholinergic Agent > C29704 - Antimuscarinic Agent D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D010276 - Parasympatholytics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000892 - Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary > D008333 - Mandelic Acids D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists D000089162 - Genitourinary Agents > D064804 - Urological Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2516 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8497 Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic agent, which inhibits vascular Kv channels in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 11.51 μM[1]. Oxybutynin is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
ATOVAQUONE
P - Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents > P01 - Antiprotozoals > P01A - Agents against amoebiasis and other protozoal diseases D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C276 - Antiparasitic Agent > C277 - Antiprotozoal Agent D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors
N-acetylputrescine
An N-monoacetylalkane-alpha,omega-diamine that is the N-monoacetyl derivative of putrescine.
dethiobiotin
A hexanoic acid having a 5-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-4-yl group at the 6-position. D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D050258 - Mitosis Modulators > D008934 - Mitogens D-Desthiobiotin is a biotin derivative used in affinity chromatography and protein chromatography. D-Desthiobiotin also can be used for protein and cell labeling, detection and isolation[1].
Isopyridoxal
A pyridinecarbaldehyde that is pyridine-5-carbaldehyde bearing methyl, hydroxy and hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
Poncirin
(2S)-poncirin is a flavanone glycoside that is 4-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone attached to a neohesperidose (alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranose) residue via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the fruits of Poncirus trifoliata and exhibits inhibitory activity against liopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced prostaglandin E2 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a monomethoxyflavanone, a flavanone glycoside, a disaccharide derivative, a neohesperidoside and a member of 4-methoxyflavanones. It is functionally related to a 4-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone. Poncirin is a natural product found in Citrus medica, Micromeria graeca, and other organisms with data available. A flavanone glycoside that is 4-methoxy-5,7-dihydroxyflavanone attached to a neohesperidose (alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranose) residue via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the fruits of Poncirus trifoliata and exhibits inhibitory activity against liopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced prostaglandin E2 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. Poncirin is isolated from?Poncirus trifoliata with anti-inflammory activites. Poncirin significantly reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain models[1]. Poncirin is isolated from?Poncirus trifoliata with anti-inflammory activites. Poncirin significantly reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain models[1].
Homocarnosine
A histidine derivative that is histidine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-amino group has been replaced by a 4-aminobutanoyl group.
Rumenic acid
Bovinic acid is a conjugated linoleic acid, present in human adipose tissue; the amount of bovinic acid in humans is significantly related to milk fat intake. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are a group of naturally occurring fatty acids present mainly in fats from ruminants. Milk contains over 20 isomers of CLA but the predominant one is cis-9,trans-11-CLA (bovinic acid). Biomedical studies with animal models have shown that this isomer has anticarcinogenic and anti-atherogenic activities. Bovinic acid is produced as an intermediate in the rumen biohydrogenation of linoleic acid but not of linolenic acid. However, it is only a transient intermediate, and the major source of milk fat CLA is from endogenous synthesis. (PMID 10393134, 15736916) [HMDB]
Ginsenoside Rf
Constituent of Panax ginseng (ginseng). The first pure ginseng constituent to show nearly all the activities of the plant extract. Ginsenoside Rf is found in tea. Annotation level-1 Ginsenoside Rf is a trace component of ginseng root. Ginsenoside Rf inhibits N-type Ca2+ channel. Ginsenoside Rf is a trace component of ginseng root. Ginsenoside Rf inhibits N-type Ca2+ channel.
L-Homocitrulline
A L-lysine derivative that is L-lysine having a carbamoyl group at the N(6)-position. It is found in individuals with urea cycle disorders. L-Homocitrulline is metabolized to homoarginine through homoargininosuccinate via the urea cycle pathway and its metabolic abnormality could lead to Lysinuric Protein Intolerance (LPI). L-Homocitrulline is metabolized to homoarginine through homoargininosuccinate via the urea cycle pathway and its metabolic abnormality could lead to Lysinuric Protein Intolerance (LPI).
Kaempferid
Kaempferide is an O-methylated flavonol also found in kaempferol. Kaempferide has antiviral activity. Kaempferide is an orally active flavonol isolated from Hippophae rhamnoides L. Kaempferide has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antihypertensive, and neuroprotective activities. Kaempferide induces apoptosis. Kaempferide promotes osteogenesis through antioxidants and can be used in osteoporosis research[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Kaempferide is an O-methylated flavonol also found in kaempferol. Kaempferide has antiviral activity.
Arctiin
Annotation level-1 Arctiin (NSC 315527) is a plant lignan extracted from burdock seeds and has anti-cancer activity. Arctiin (NSC 315527) is a plant lignan extracted from burdock seeds and has anti-cancer activity.
Cimifugin
Cimifugin (Cimitin) is a bioactive component of Cimicifuga racemosa, a Chinese herb. Cimifugin suppresses allergic inflammation by reducing epithelial derived initiative key factors via regulating tight junctions[1]. Cimifugin reduces the migration and chemotaxis of RAW264.7 cells and inhibits the release of inflammatory factors and activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways induced by LPS[2]. Cimifugin (Cimitin) is a bioactive component of Cimicifuga racemosa, a Chinese herb. Cimifugin suppresses allergic inflammation by reducing epithelial derived initiative key factors via regulating tight junctions[1]. Cimifugin reduces the migration and chemotaxis of RAW264.7 cells and inhibits the release of inflammatory factors and activation of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways induced by LPS[2].
MONOCROTOPHOS
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D008996 - Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens D016573 - Agrochemicals CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 3133
PIRIMICARB
C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals
mevinphos
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals
Phenylacetylglutamine
Phenylacetylglutamine is a colonic microbial metabolite from amino acid fermentation.
Cafestol
Cafestol is an organic heteropentacyclic compound and furan diterpenoid with formula C20H28O3 obtained from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee oil (a lipid fraction obtained from coffee beans by organic solvent extraction). It has a role as a plant metabolite, an apoptosis inducer, a hypoglycemic agent, an angiogenesis inhibitor, an antineoplastic agent, an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is an organic heteropentacyclic compound, a tertiary alcohol, a diterpenoid, a member of furans and a primary alcohol. Cafestol is a natural product found in Coffea arabica, Diplospora dubia, and other organisms with data available. An organic heteropentacyclic compound and furan diterpenoid with formula C20H28O3 obtained from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee oil (a lipid fraction obtained from coffee beans by organic solvent extraction). Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1]. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1]. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1].
Kavain
D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014151 - Anti-Anxiety Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000927 - Anticonvulsants Kawain is a member of 2-pyranones and an aromatic ether. Kavain is a natural product found in Piper methysticum, Alnus sieboldiana, and Piper majusculum with data available. See also: Piper methysticum root (part of). (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. (+)-Kavain, a main kavalactone extracted from Piper methysticum, has anticonvulsive properties, attenuating vascular smooth muscle contraction through interactions with voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels[1]. (+)-Kavain is shown to bind at the α4β2δ GABAA receptor and potentiate GABA efficacy[2]. (+)-Kavain is used as a treatment for inflammatory diseases, its anti-inflammatory action has been widely studied[4]. Kavain is a class of kavalactone isolated from Piper methysticum, which has anxiolytic properties in animals and humans. Kavain positively modulated γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor[1]. Kavain is a class of kavalactone isolated from Piper methysticum, which has anxiolytic properties in animals and humans. Kavain positively modulated γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor[1]. Kavain is a class of kavalactone isolated from Piper methysticum, which has anxiolytic properties in animals and humans. Kavain positively modulated γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor[1].
Perillic acid
C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C2020 - Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitor
maprotiline
N - Nervous system > N06 - Psychoanaleptics > N06A - Antidepressants > N06AA - Non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D014179 - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors > D018759 - Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C265 - Antidepressant Agent > C94727 - Tricyclic Antidepressant D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D000928 - Antidepressive Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2221
mepivacaine
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01B - Anesthetics, local > N01BB - Amides D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent
2-deoxyuridine
A pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleoside having uracil as the nucleobase. D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine. 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine. 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine.
Methysticin
Methysticin is a member of 2-pyranones and an aromatic ether. Methysticin is a natural product found in Piper methysticum and Piper majusculum with data available. See also: Piper methysticum root (part of). Methylsticin is a kavalactone isolated from the Piper methysticum . Methylsticin exhibit osteoclast formation inhibitory activity[1]. Methylsticin is a kavalactone isolated from the Piper methysticum . Methylsticin exhibit osteoclast formation inhibitory activity[1].
falcarindiol
(+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a polyacetylene found in carrots, has antimycobacterial activity, with an IC50 of 6 μM and MIC of 24 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra[1][2]. Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity[2]. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a polyacetylene found in carrots, has antimycobacterial activity, with an IC50 of 6 μM and MIC of 24 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra[1][2]. Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity[2]. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a polyacetylene found in carrots, has antimycobacterial activity, with an IC50 of 6 μM and MIC of 24 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra[1][2]. Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity[2]. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a polyacetylene found in carrots, has antimycobacterial activity, with an IC50 of 6 μM and MIC of 24 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra[1][2]. Antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activity[2]. (+)-(3R,8S)-Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. Falcarindiol, an orally active polyacetylenic oxylipin, activates PPARγ and increases the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in cells. Falcarindiol induces apoptosis and autophagy. Falcarindiol has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer and antidiabetic properties[1][2]. Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. Falcarindiol, an orally active polyacetylenic oxylipin, activates PPARγ and increases the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in cells. Falcarindiol induces apoptosis and autophagy. Falcarindiol has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer and antidiabetic properties[1][2]. Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. Falcarindiol, an orally active polyacetylenic oxylipin, activates PPARγ and increases the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in cells. Falcarindiol induces apoptosis and autophagy. Falcarindiol has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anticancer and antidiabetic properties[1][2]. Falcarindiol is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
CID 440908
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1)
Peucedanin
A member of the class of furanocoumarins that is furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one, bearing additional isopropyl and methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 3 respectively. D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents > D011564 - Furocoumarins Origin: Plant, Coumarins
chloroxylenol
D - Dermatologicals > D08 - Antiseptics and disinfectants > D08A - Antiseptics and disinfectants > D08AE - Phenol and derivatives D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000871 - Anthelmintics C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C28394 - Topical Anti-Infective Agent D004202 - Disinfectants Same as: D03473 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1207; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4542; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4540 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1207; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4530; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4528 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1207; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4525; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4524 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1207; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4540; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4537 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1207; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4552; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4548
3,4-DHPEA-EA
beta-D-Galactopyranoside, methyl
beta-D-Glucopyranoside, methyl has been reported in Mazzaella membranacea
capsiate
Capsiate, as a capsaicin analogue extracted from a non-pungent cultivar of CH-19 sweet red pepper, is an orally active agonist of TRPV1[1]. Capsiate, as a capsaicin analogue extracted from a non-pungent cultivar of CH-19 sweet red pepper, is an orally active agonist of TRPV1[1].
FA 18:2
Linolelaidic acid (Linoelaidic acid), an omega-6 trans fatty acid, acts as a source of energy. Linolelaidic acid is an essential nutrient, adding in enteral, parenteral, and infant formulas. Linolelaidic acid can be used for heart diseases research[1]. Linolelaidic acid (Linoelaidic acid), an omega-6 trans fatty acid, acts as a source of energy. Linolelaidic acid is an essential nutrient, adding in enteral, parenteral, and infant formulas. Linolelaidic acid can be used for heart diseases research[1].
AA-861
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D016859 - Lipoxygenase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1322 - Lipooxygenase Inhibitor Docebenone (AA 861) is a potent, selective and orally active 5-LO (5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor.
Withanolide
A withanolide that is 5,6:22,26-diepoxyergosta-2,24-diene-1,26-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 22 (the 4beta,5beta,6beta,22R stereoisomer). Isolated from Tubocapsicum anomalum and Withania somnifera, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. Withanolides, which are extracted from Withania somnifera, are employed in the treatment of arthritis and are known to be potent inhibitors of angiogenesis, inflammation and oxidative stress. Withanolides can indeed inhibit the activation of NF-κB and NF-κB-regulated gene expression, which could explain their anti-arthritic actions. W. somnifera root powder has suppressive effect on arthritis by reducing amplification and propagation of the inflammatory response, without causing any gastric damage. (PMID: 17475558, 3248848, 17084827) [HMDB]
Withanolide
Dexniguldipine
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent > C333 - Calcium Channel Blocker C1744 - Multidrug Resistance Modulator C93038 - Cation Channel Blocker
UNII:76LB1G2X6V
D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D018927 - Anti-Asthmatic Agents > D020024 - Leukotriene Antagonists D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D018927 - Anti-Asthmatic Agents > D001993 - Bronchodilator Agents D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents
1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylthymine
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents
4-Isopropyl-1,6-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,7,8,8a-octahydro-1-naphthalenol
COUMAPHOS
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000871 - Anthelmintics D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals
Benzo[b]fluoranthene
chlorpropham
D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals
Levonordefrin
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C87053 - Adrenergic Agonist D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents Same as: D02388 Levonordefrin, a common alternative to levoepinephrine as a vasoconstrictor in dental local anesthetic preparations, is usually used in fivefold higher concentrations. Levonordefrin is generally considered equivalent to epinephrine[1].
Gallopamil
C - Cardiovascular system > C08 - Calcium channel blockers > C08D - Selective calcium channel blockers with direct cardiac effects > C08DA - Phenylalkylamine derivatives C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent > C333 - Calcium Channel Blocker D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators C93038 - Cation Channel Blocker Same as: D08009
Pyricarbate
C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Same as: D01396
Myristicin
Myristicine ?act as a serotonin receptor antagonist, a weak monamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Myristicine is the main component of nutmeg essential oil from Myristica fragrans?Houtt. Myristicine abuse produce hallucinogenic effects, organ damage, deliriumand others[1]. Myristicine is an orally bioavailable serotonin receptor antagonist and weak monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Myristicine also exerts anti-cancer effects on gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway. Myristicine is the main component of nutmeg essential oil and has anti-cancer, anti-proliferative, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-inducing effects. Myristicine abuse can produce hallucinogenic effects, organ damage, etc[1][2][3][4]. Myristicine is an orally bioavailable serotonin receptor antagonist and weak monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Myristicine also exerts anti-cancer effects on gastric cancer cells by inhibiting the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway. Myristicine is the main component of nutmeg essential oil and has anti-cancer, anti-proliferative, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-inducing effects. Myristicine abuse can produce hallucinogenic effects, organ damage, etc[1][2][3][4]. Myristicine ?act as a serotonin receptor antagonist, a weak monamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Myristicine is the main component of nutmeg essential oil from Myristica fragrans?Houtt. Myristicine abuse produce hallucinogenic effects, organ damage, deliriumand others[1].
Zingiberene
Zingiberene is 2-Methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene in which a hydrogen at the 5 position is substituted (R configuration) by a 6-methyl-hept-5-en-2-yl group (S configuration). It is a sesquiterpene found in the dried rhizomes of Indonesian ginger, Zingiber officinale. It is a sesquiterpene and a cyclohexadiene. It is an enantiomer of an ent-zingiberene. Zingiberene is a natural product found in Chaerophyllum azoricum, Helichrysum odoratissimum, and other organisms with data available.
Furanodiene
Terpilene
α-Terpinene (Terpilene) is a monoterpene found in the essential oils of a large variety of foods and aromatic plants such as Mentha piperita. α-Terpinene is active against Trypanosoma evansi and has the potential for trypanosomosis treatment. α-Terpinene has antioxidant and antifungal properties[1][2][3][4]. α-Terpinene (Terpilene) is a monoterpene found in the essential oils of a large variety of foods and aromatic plants such as Mentha piperita. α-Terpinene is active against Trypanosoma evansi and has the potential for trypanosomosis treatment. α-Terpinene has antioxidant and antifungal properties[1][2][3][4].
23513-08-8
8-Gingerol, found in the rhizomes of ginger (Z. officinale) with oral bioavailability, activates TRPV1, with an EC50 of 5.0 μM. 8-Gingerol inhibits COX-2, and inhibits the growth of H. pylori in vitro[1][2]. 8-Gingerol, found in the rhizomes of ginger (Z. officinale) with oral bioavailability, activates TRPV1, with an EC50 of 5.0 μM. 8-Gingerol inhibits COX-2, and inhibits the growth of H. pylori in vitro[1][2].
Paradol
Paradol is a pungent phenolic substance found in ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants. Paradol is an effective inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse skin carcinogenesis, binds to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 active site. Paradol is a pungent phenolic substance found in ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants. Paradol is an effective inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse skin carcinogenesis, binds to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 active site.
Isopimpinellin
Isopimpinellin is found in angelica. Isopimpinellin is present in the seeds of Pastinaca sativa (parsnip) Isopimpinellin belongs to the family of Furanocoumarins. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a furan ring fused to a coumarin moeity. Isopimpinellin, an orally active compound isolated from Glomerella cingulata. Isopimpinellin blocks DNA adduct formation and skin tumor initiation by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Isopimpinellin possesses anti-leishmania effect[1]. Isopimpinellin, an orally active compound isolated from Glomerella cingulata. Isopimpinellin blocks DNA adduct formation and skin tumor initiation by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. Isopimpinellin possesses anti-leishmania effect[1].
K 251T
C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1404 - Protein Kinase Inhibitor > C1967 - Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1017 - Glucuronidase Inhibitor Tectorigenin is a plant isoflavonoid originally isolated from the dried flower of Pueraria lobate Benth. Tectorigenin is a plant isoflavonoid originally isolated from the dried flower of Pueraria lobate Benth.
Phytodolor
Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2]. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2].
520-12-7
Pectolinarigenin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. Anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarigenin has potent inhibitory activities on melanogenesis[2]. Pectolinarigenin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. Anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarigenin has potent inhibitory activities on melanogenesis[2]. Pectolinarigenin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/5-LOX. Anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarigenin has potent inhibitory activities on melanogenesis[2].
AIDS-113822
D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine. 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine. 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. A known use of 2'-Deoxyuridine is as a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine.
Bellidofolin
Bellidifolin is a xanthone isolated from the stems of Swertia punicea, with hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities[1][2][3]. Bellidifolin also acts as a viral protein R (Vpr) inhibitor[4]. Bellidifolin is a xanthone isolated from the stems of Swertia punicea, with hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities[1][2][3]. Bellidifolin also acts as a viral protein R (Vpr) inhibitor[4].
58436-28-5
Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1]. Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1].
Jasmone
Cis-Jasmone is a plant-derived natural product. Cis-Jasmone is constitutively released by many flowers and sometimes by leaves as an attractant for pollinators or as a chemical cue for host location by insect flower herbivores. Cis-Jasmone treatment of crop plants not only induces direct defense against herbivores, but also induces indirect defense by releasing VOCs that attract natural enemies[1]. Cis-Jasmone is a plant-derived natural product. Cis-Jasmone is constitutively released by many flowers and sometimes by leaves as an attractant for pollinators or as a chemical cue for host location by insect flower herbivores. Cis-Jasmone treatment of crop plants not only induces direct defense against herbivores, but also induces indirect defense by releasing VOCs that attract natural enemies[1].
c0126
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018696 - Neuroprotective Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens 4-Methylcatechol, a metabolite of p-toluate, is a substrate as well as a suicide inhibitor of Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase. 4-Methylcatechol, a metabolite of p-toluate, is a substrate as well as a suicide inhibitor of Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase.
Tecomin
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000871 - Anthelmintics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents Lapachol is a naphthoquinone that was first isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae (Bignoniaceae)[1]. Lapachol shows anti-abscess, anti-ulcer, antileishmanial, anticarcinomic, antiedemic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiseptic, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and pesticidal activities[2]. Lapachol is a naphthoquinone that was first isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae (Bignoniaceae)[1]. Lapachol shows anti-abscess, anti-ulcer, antileishmanial, anticarcinomic, antiedemic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antiseptic, antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal and pesticidal activities[2].
Delphinidin 3-glucoside
Delphinidin 3-glucoside is found in adzuki bean. Delphinidin 3-glucoside is isolated from grapes and many other plant species Delphinidin 3-glucoside is present in red wine. Delphinidin 3-glucoside is isolated from grapes and many other plant spp. It is found in red wine, redcurrant, summer grape, strawberry, and green bean.
4-Hydroxyaminoquinoline-1-oxide
D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens
Blasticidin S
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents A blasticidin that is an antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces griseochromogene. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors
Diacetyl monoxime
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002801 - Cholinesterase Reactivators D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents > D002863 - Chromogenic Compounds D004793 - Enzyme Reactivators D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D004396 - Coloring Agents
Trillin
Diosgenin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside is a sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside having diosgenin as the sterol component. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside, a monosaccharide derivative, a hexacyclic triterpenoid and a spiroketal. It is functionally related to a diosgenin. It derives from a hydride of a spirostan. Disogluside is a natural product found in Allium rotundum, Allium narcissiflorum, and other organisms with data available. C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent A sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside having diosgenin as the sterol component. Diosgenin glucoside, a saponin compound extracted from Trillium tschonoskii, provides neuroprotection by regulating microglial M1 polarization. Diosgenin glucoside protects against spinal cord injury by regulating autophagy and alleviating apoptosis [1][2]. Diosgenin glucoside, a saponin compound extracted from Trillium tschonoskii, provides neuroprotection by regulating microglial M1 polarization. Diosgenin glucoside protects against spinal cord injury by regulating autophagy and alleviating apoptosis [1][2].
Ligusticum lactone
(Z)-3-butylidenephthalide is a gamma-lactone that is phthalide substituted by a butylidene group at position 3. Isolated from Ligusticum porteri, it exhibits hypoglycemic activity. It has a role as a metabolite, a hypoglycemic agent and an EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor. It is a member of 2-benzofurans and a gamma-lactone. It is functionally related to a 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one. Butylidenephthalide is a natural product found in Ligusticum striatum, Angelica sinensis, and other organisms with data available. A gamma-lactone that is phthalide substituted by a butylidene group at position 3. Isolated from Ligusticum porteri, it exhibits hypoglycemic activity. 3-Butylidenephthalide (Butylidenephthalide) is a phthalic anhydride derivative identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, and has larvicidal activity (LC50 of 1.56 mg/g for Spodoptera litura larvae)[1]. 3-Butylidenephthalide (Butylidenephthalide) is a phthalic anhydride derivative identified in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, and has larvicidal activity (LC50 of 1.56 mg/g for Spodoptera litura larvae)[1].
Bellidifolin
Bellidifolin is a member of the xanthone family that is bellidin substituted with a methyl group at O-3. A natural product found particularly in Swertia chirata and Gentianella campestris. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, a hypoglycemic agent and a metabolite. It is a member of xanthones and a polyphenol. It is functionally related to a bellidin. Bellidifolin is a natural product found in Gentiana orbicularis, Gentianella amarella, and other organisms with data available. A member of the xanthone family that is bellidin substituted with a methyl group at O-3. A natural product found particularly in Swertia chirata and Gentianella campestris. Bellidifolin is a xanthone isolated from the stems of Swertia punicea, with hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities[1][2][3]. Bellidifolin also acts as a viral protein R (Vpr) inhibitor[4]. Bellidifolin is a xanthone isolated from the stems of Swertia punicea, with hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities[1][2][3]. Bellidifolin also acts as a viral protein R (Vpr) inhibitor[4].
8-GINGEROL
(8)-Gingerol is a beta-hydroxy ketone, a member of phenols and a monomethoxybenzene. (8)-Gingerol is a natural product found in Zingiber officinale with data available. See also: Ginger (part of). 8-Gingerol, found in the rhizomes of ginger (Z. officinale) with oral bioavailability, activates TRPV1, with an EC50 of 5.0 μM. 8-Gingerol inhibits COX-2, and inhibits the growth of H. pylori in vitro[1][2]. 8-Gingerol, found in the rhizomes of ginger (Z. officinale) with oral bioavailability, activates TRPV1, with an EC50 of 5.0 μM. 8-Gingerol inhibits COX-2, and inhibits the growth of H. pylori in vitro[1][2].
chrysoplenol D
3,4,5-trihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone is a trimethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7-trimethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent and a metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavone and a trimethoxyflavone. It is functionally related to a quercetagetin. Chrysosplenol D is a natural product found in Psiadia viscosa, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, and other organisms with data available. See also: Vitex negundo fruit (part of). A trimethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7-trimethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. Chrysosplenol D is a methoxy flavonoid that induces ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis in triple negative human breast cancer cells. Chrysosplenol D also exhibits anti-inflammatory and moderate antitrypanosomal activities[1][2][3][4]. Chrysosplenol D is a methoxy flavonoid that induces ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis in triple negative human breast cancer cells. Chrysosplenol D also exhibits anti-inflammatory and moderate antitrypanosomal activities[1][2][3][4].
Potassium iodide
R - Respiratory system > R05 - Cough and cold preparations > R05C - Expectorants, excl. combinations with cough suppressants > R05CA - Expectorants V - Various > V03 - All other therapeutic products > V03A - All other therapeutic products > V03AB - Antidotes C26170 - Protective Agent > C797 - Radioprotective Agent S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals
SULFANILIC ACID
An aminobenzenesulfonic acid that is aniline sulfonated at the para-position.
Fomepizole
V - Various > V03 - All other therapeutic products > V03A - All other therapeutic products > V03AB - Antidotes D020011 - Protective Agents > D000931 - Antidotes D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor
CHLOROPROCAINE
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01B - Anesthetics, local > N01BA - Esters of aminobenzoic acid D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent
nilutamide
L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L02 - Endocrine therapy > L02B - Hormone antagonists and related agents > L02BB - Anti-androgens D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D000726 - Androgen Antagonists C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C146993 - Androgen Receptor Inhibitor C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist > C242 - Anti-Androgen D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
Cefradine
A cephalosporin with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton. J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J01 - Antibacterials for systemic use > J01D - Other beta-lactam antibacterials > J01DB - First-generation cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D002511 - Cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D047090 - beta-Lactams D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D007769 - Lactams C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic > C260 - Beta-Lactam Antibiotic
Glycine Anhydride
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D054659 - Diketopiperazines
Cefadroxil
J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J01 - Antibacterials for systemic use > J01D - Other beta-lactam antibacterials > J01DB - First-generation cephalosporins A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D002511 - Cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D047090 - beta-Lactams D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D007769 - Lactams C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic > C260 - Beta-Lactam Antibiotic
Propyl disulfide
An organic disulfide where the alkyl groups specified are propyl. It is a component of the essential oils obtained from Allium.
alpha-Amatoxin
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D000546 - Amanitins
15-Oxo-ETE
An oxoicosatetraenoic acid having (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E) double bond stereochemistry, and an oxo group in position 15.
DL-Arginine
DL-Arginine is used in physicochemical analysis of amino acid complexation dynamics and crystal structure formations. DL-Arginine is used in physicochemical analysis of amino acid complexation dynamics and crystal structure formations.
13(S)-HPODE
D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides The (S)-enantiomer of 13-HPODE
5'-Xanthylic acid
A purine ribonucleoside 5-monophosphate having xanthine as the nucleobase. 5'-xanthylic acid is a purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having xanthine as the nucleobase. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate and a xanthosine 5'-phosphate. It is a conjugate acid of a 5'-xanthylate(2-).
Desthiobiotin
D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D050258 - Mitosis Modulators > D008934 - Mitogens D-Desthiobiotin is a biotin derivative used in affinity chromatography and protein chromatography. D-Desthiobiotin also can be used for protein and cell labeling, detection and isolation[1].
(METHYLTHIO)ACETICACID
A sulfur-containing carboxylic consisting of thioglycolic acid carrying an S-methyl substituent.
5-Methyl-2-deoxycytidine
5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine in single-stranded DNA can act in cis to signal de novo DNA methylation[1][2]. 5-Methyl-2'-deoxycytidine in single-stranded DNA can act in cis to signal de novo DNA methylation[1][2].
S-Formylglutathione
A S-acylglutathione in which the acyl group specified is formyl.
3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate
A ketoaldonic acid phosphate consisting of 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptonic acid having a phospho group at the 7-position.
2,3-Diketogulonic Acid
A carbohydrate acid formally derived from gulonic acid by oxidation of the -OH groups at positions 2 and 3 to keto groups.
5-(5-(2,6-Dichloro-4-(4,5-Dihydro-2-Oxazoly)phenoxy)pentyl)-3-Methyl Isoxazole
Trichloroacetaldehyde
An organochlorine compound that consists of acetaldehyde where all the methyl hydrogens are replaced by chloro groups. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic
Petunidin 3-glucoside
An anthocyanin cation that is petunidin substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl residue
Fluvalinate
D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides > D011722 - Pyrethrins D016573 - Agrochemicals
Nafoxidine
D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D004965 - Estrogen Antagonists C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C1821 - Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C1742 - Angiogenesis Inhibitor > C1971 - Angiogenesis Activator Inhibitor C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C129818 - Antineoplastic Hormonal/Endocrine Agent > C481 - Antiestrogen C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents C1892 - Chemopreventive Agent
Pyrophaeophorbide a
Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a promising photosensitizer for tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT)[1].
{34-hydroxy-40-[(3E)-2-hydroxy-5-methylideneocta-3,7-dien-2-yl]-13,25,27,30,35-pentamethyl-39-methylidene-13-[2-(sulfooxy)ethyl]-4,8,12,17,21,26,32,36,41,45,49-undecaoxaundecacyclo[25.22.0.0^{3,25}.0^{5,22}.0^{7,20}.0^{9,18}.0^{11,16}.0^{31,48}.0^{33,46}.0^{35,44}.0^{37,42}]nonatetracontan-14-yl}oxidanesulfonic acid
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D008978 - Mollusk Venoms D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D008387 - Marine Toxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014688 - Venoms
SK&F 86466
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D018674 - Adrenergic Antagonists
1-Naphthylacetylspermine
Naspm (1-Naphthyl acetyl spermine), a synthetic analogue of Joro spider toxin, is a calcium permeable AMPA (CP-AMPA) receptors antagonist.
