Sugiol (BioDeep_00000000827)
Secondary id: BioDeep_00000021966
PANOMIX_OTCML-2023
代谢物信息卡片
化学式: C20H28O2 (300.2089188)
中文名称: 柳杉酚, 柳杉酚
谱图信息:
最多检出来源 Macaca mulatta(otcml) 0.52%
分子结构信息
SMILES: CC(C)C1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C(=O)CC3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C20H28O2/c1-12(2)13-9-14-15(10-16(13)21)20(5)8-6-7-19(3,4)18(20)11-17(14)22/h9-10,12,18,21H,6-8,11H2,1-5H3
描述信息
Sugiol is an abietane diterpenoid that is ferruginol in which the methylene group para to the phenolic hydroxy group has been substituted by an oxo group. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antiviral agent, an antineoplastic agent, an antioxidant and a radical scavenger. It is an abietane diterpenoid, a carbotricyclic compound, a meroterpenoid, a member of phenols and a cyclic terpene ketone. It is functionally related to a ferruginol.
Sugiol is a natural product found in Austrocedrus chilensis, Libocedrus bidwillii, and other organisms with data available.
An abietane diterpenoid that is ferruginol in which the methylene group para to the phenolic hydroxy group has been substituted by an oxo group.
同义名列表
13 个代谢物同义名
9(1H)-Phenanthrenone, 2,3,4,4a,10,10a-hexahydro-6-hydroxy-1,1,4a-trimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-, (4aS-trans)-; (4aS,10aS)-6-hydroxy-1,1,4a-trimethyl-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-9-one; (4aS,10aS)-6-hydroxy-1,1,4a-trimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-3,4,10,10a-tetrahy dro-2H-phenanthren-9-one; 6-Hydroxy-7-isopropyl-1,1,4a-trimethyl-2,3,4,4a,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren- 9(1H)-one; Podocarpa-8,11,13-trien-7-one, 12-hydroxy-13-isopropyl-; 12-Hydroxyabieta-8(14),9(11),12-trien-7-one; 12-Hydroxyabieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one; (+)-Sugiol; Sugiol; 6-hydroxy-1,1,4a-trimethyl-7-(propan-2-yl)-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-9-one; 12-Hydroxy-13-isopropyl-podocarpa-8,11,13-trien-7-one; Isomicropinic acid; 7-Oxoferruginol
数据库引用编号
12 个数据库交叉引用编号
- ChEBI: CHEBI:138961
- KEGG: C21822
- PubChem: 94162
- PubChem: 275529
- Metlin: METLIN91640
- ChEMBL: CHEMBL195296
- Wikipedia: Sugiol
- MeSH: sugiol
- ChemIDplus: 0000511057
- CAS: 511-05-7
- medchemexpress: HY-N1195
- MetaboLights: MTBLC138961
分类词条
相关代谢途径
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
PlantCyc(0)
代谢反应
0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
WikiPathways(0)
Plant Reactome(0)
INOH(0)
PlantCyc(0)
COVID-19 Disease Map(0)
PathBank(0)
PharmGKB(0)
172 个相关的物种来源信息
- 933147 Salvia sessei:
- 342065 Salvia trijuga:
- 476450 Salvia castanea:
- 1933732 Salvia leriifolia:
- 1933696 Salvia bracteata:
- 342060 Salvia przewalskii:
- 226208 Salvia miltiorrhiza:
- 268895 Salvia candelabrum:
- 1200507 Salvia recognita:
- 2886707 Salvia horminum: 10.1055/S-2000-8596
- 99809 Juniperus rigida:
- 103973 Juniperus drupacea:
- 746017 Juniperus brevifolia:
- 58039 Juniperus communis:
- 453927 Juniperus formosana:
- 62753 Juniperus procera:
- 268888 Salvia amplexicaulis:
- 99810 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis: 10.1080/10286021003785565
- 1127154 Delphinium cyphoplectrum: 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00547-0
- 13469 Cupressus sempervirens: 10.1016/J.FITOTE.2009.08.014
- 58029 Cephalotaxus harringtonia: 10.1055/S-2003-39713
- 204135 Isodon rugosus: 10.3389/FPHAR.2016.00200
- 3371 Metasequoia glyptostroboides: 10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60183-2
- 450881 Cephalotaxus lanceolata: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1314280
- 450879 Cephalotaxus griffithii: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1314280
- 89483 Cephalotaxus mannii: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1314280
- 147282 Cephalotaxus oliveri: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1314280
- 54798 Calocedrus formosana: 10.1055/S-2005-864094
- 58039 Juniperus communis:
- 187461 Chamaecyparis formosensis: 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00074-6
- 13415 Chamaecyparis obtusa:
- 99808 Chamaecyparis pisifera: 10.1271/BBB1961.48.2523
- 13727 Thujopsis dolabrata: 10.1271/BBB1961.48.2523
- 3369 Cryptomeria japonica:
- 453927 Juniperus formosana:
- 120635 Prumnopitys ferruginea:
- 50182 Juniperus chinensis:
- 36012 Nageia nagi:
- 167732 Salvinia molesta: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2013.10.040
- 268888 Salvia amplexicaulis:
- 89194 Thuja standishii: 10.1055/S-2003-37037
- 62753 Juniperus procera: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199611)10:7<604::AID-PTR922>3.0.CO;2-C
- 111670 Cladonia rangiferina: 10.1248/CPB.56.89
- 124943 Azadirachta indica:
- 1520037 Salvia phlomoides:
- 49221 Salvia viridis: 10.1055/S-2000-8596
- 49210 Salvia canariensis:
- 50176 Amentotaxus formosana:
- 226208 Salvia miltiorrhiza:
- 54798 Calocedrus formosana:
- 336939 Premna serratifolia: 10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
- 342062 Salvia yunnanensis: 10.1021/NP050368F
- 41386 Caryopteris incana: 10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00609-7
- 56992 Araucaria angustifolia: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91124-5
- 1933731 Salvia lanata: 10.1016/0031-9422(82)85223-0
- 49207 Salvia aethiopis: 10.1016/0031-9422(82)85223-0
- 1933696 Salvia bracteata: 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00453-7
- 746017 Juniperus brevifolia:
- 56890 Dacrydium cupressinum: 10.1039/P19790001774
- 2841586 Hyptis comaroides: 10.1016/J.BMC.2011.06.067
- 458696 Tripterygium wilfordii: 10.1016/J.CCLET.2010.03.007
- 1520014 Salvia broussonetii: 10.1021/JF058045C
- 28977 Cunninghamia lanceolata: 10.1055/S-2001-16491
- 1132405 Salvia tomentosa: 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3
- 38868 Salvia officinalis: 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3
- 28980 Sequoia sempervirens: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2005.02.057
- 2485911 Plectranthus ecklonii: 10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2010.08.002
- 1200507 Salvia recognita: 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)01056-X
- 103974 Libocedrus bidwillii: 10.1016/0031-9422(75)85256-3
- 342060 Salvia przewalskii: 10.1248/CPB.53.1575
- 1933740 Salvia napifolia: 10.1016/0031-9422(95)00298-L
- 3317 Thuja occidentalis: 10.1055/S-2007-969854
- 268895 Salvia candelabrum: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97825-7
- 1688492 Aegiphila verticillata: 10.1002/MRC.1236
- 120634 Prumnopitys andina: 10.1016/0031-9422(92)83103-6
- 588964 Salvia prionitis: 10.1016/0031-9422(95)00416-5
- 2185217 Premna herbacea: 10.1021/NP50063A018
- 49216 Salvia pratensis: 10.1055/S-2006-957435
- 222564 Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum: 10.1248/CPB.41.1415
- 103964 Austrocedrus chilensis: 10.4067/S0366-16442001000100010
- 1933744 Salvia pachystachya: 10.1021/NP50072A036
- 99810 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis: 10.1021/NP8002063
- 933121 Salvia aspera: 10.1016/0031-9422(94)00854-M
- 112883 Lycium chinense: 10.1021/NP50038A039
- 2886701 Salvia coulteri: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)89808-8
- 54211 Clerodendrum bungei: 10.1248/CPB.47.1797
- 933147 Salvia sessei:
- 342065 Salvia trijuga:
- 476450 Salvia castanea:
- 1933732 Salvia leriifolia:
- 1933696 Salvia bracteata:
- 342060 Salvia przewalskii:
- 226208 Salvia miltiorrhiza:
- 268895 Salvia candelabrum:
- 1200507 Salvia recognita:
- 2886707 Salvia horminum: 10.1055/S-2000-8596
- 99809 Juniperus rigida:
- 103973 Juniperus drupacea:
- 746017 Juniperus brevifolia:
- 58039 Juniperus communis:
- 453927 Juniperus formosana:
- 62753 Juniperus procera:
- 268888 Salvia amplexicaulis:
- 99810 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis: 10.1080/10286021003785565
- 1127154 Delphinium cyphoplectrum: 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00547-0
- 13469 Cupressus sempervirens: 10.1016/J.FITOTE.2009.08.014
- 58029 Cephalotaxus harringtonia: 10.1055/S-2003-39713
- 204135 Isodon rugosus: 10.3389/FPHAR.2016.00200
- 3371 Metasequoia glyptostroboides: 10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60183-2
- 450881 Cephalotaxus lanceolata: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1314280
- 450879 Cephalotaxus griffithii: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1314280
- 89483 Cephalotaxus mannii: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1314280
- 147282 Cephalotaxus oliveri: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1314280
- 54798 Calocedrus formosana: 10.1055/S-2005-864094
- 58039 Juniperus communis:
- 187461 Chamaecyparis formosensis: 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00074-6
- 13415 Chamaecyparis obtusa:
- 99808 Chamaecyparis pisifera: 10.1271/BBB1961.48.2523
- 13727 Thujopsis dolabrata: 10.1271/BBB1961.48.2523
- 3369 Cryptomeria japonica:
- 453927 Juniperus formosana:
- 120635 Prumnopitys ferruginea:
- 50182 Juniperus chinensis:
- 36012 Nageia nagi:
- 167732 Salvinia molesta: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2013.10.040
- 268888 Salvia amplexicaulis:
- 89194 Thuja standishii: 10.1055/S-2003-37037
- 62753 Juniperus procera: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199611)10:7<604::AID-PTR922>3.0.CO;2-C
- 111670 Cladonia rangiferina: 10.1248/CPB.56.89
- 124943 Azadirachta indica:
- 1520037 Salvia phlomoides:
- 49221 Salvia viridis: 10.1055/S-2000-8596
- 49210 Salvia canariensis:
- 50176 Amentotaxus formosana:
- 226208 Salvia miltiorrhiza:
- 54798 Calocedrus formosana:
- 336939 Premna serratifolia: 10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
- 342062 Salvia yunnanensis: 10.1021/NP050368F
- 41386 Caryopteris incana: 10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00609-7
- 56992 Araucaria angustifolia: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)91124-5
- 1933731 Salvia lanata: 10.1016/0031-9422(82)85223-0
- 49207 Salvia aethiopis: 10.1016/0031-9422(82)85223-0
- 1933696 Salvia bracteata: 10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00453-7
- 746017 Juniperus brevifolia:
- 56890 Dacrydium cupressinum: 10.1039/P19790001774
- 2841586 Hyptis comaroides: 10.1016/J.BMC.2011.06.067
- 458696 Tripterygium wilfordii: 10.1016/J.CCLET.2010.03.007
- 1520014 Salvia broussonetii: 10.1021/JF058045C
- 28977 Cunninghamia lanceolata: 10.1055/S-2001-16491
- 1132405 Salvia tomentosa: 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3
- 38868 Salvia officinalis: 10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3
- 28980 Sequoia sempervirens: 10.1016/J.BMCL.2005.02.057
- 2485911 Plectranthus ecklonii: 10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2010.08.002
- 1200507 Salvia recognita: 10.1016/S0031-9422(97)01056-X
- 103974 Libocedrus bidwillii: 10.1016/0031-9422(75)85256-3
- 342060 Salvia przewalskii: 10.1248/CPB.53.1575
- 1933740 Salvia napifolia: 10.1016/0031-9422(95)00298-L
- 3317 Thuja occidentalis: 10.1055/S-2007-969854
- 268895 Salvia candelabrum: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97825-7
- 1688492 Aegiphila verticillata: 10.1002/MRC.1236
- 120634 Prumnopitys andina: 10.1016/0031-9422(92)83103-6
- 588964 Salvia prionitis: 10.1016/0031-9422(95)00416-5
- 2185217 Premna herbacea: 10.1021/NP50063A018
- 49216 Salvia pratensis: 10.1055/S-2006-957435
- 222564 Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum: 10.1248/CPB.41.1415
- 103964 Austrocedrus chilensis: 10.4067/S0366-16442001000100010
- 1933744 Salvia pachystachya: 10.1021/NP50072A036
- 99810 Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis: 10.1021/NP8002063
- 933121 Salvia aspera: 10.1016/0031-9422(94)00854-M
- 112883 Lycium chinense: 10.1021/NP50038A039
- 2886701 Salvia coulteri: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)89808-8
- 54211 Clerodendrum bungei: 10.1248/CPB.47.1797
在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有:
- PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息,我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表,这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
- NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘,得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
- Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
- Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中,存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。
点击图上的相关代谢物的名称,可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。
文献列表
- Abdukriem Kadir, Guijuan Zheng, Xiaofeng Zheng, Pengfei Jin, Maitinuer Maiwulanjiang, Biao Gao, Haji Akber Aisa, Guangmin Yao. Structurally Diverse Diterpenoids from the Roots of Salvia deserta Based on Nine Different Skeletal Types.
Journal of natural products.
2021 05; 84(5):1442-1452. doi:
10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01180
. [PMID: 33978415] - Vivek K Bajpai, Sonam Sonwal, Seung-Kyu Hwang, Shruti Shukla, Imran Khan, Debasish Kumar Dey, Lei Chen, Jesus Simal-Gandara, Jianbo Xiao, Yun Suk Huh, Young-Kyu Han. Sugiol, a diterpenoid: Therapeutic actions and molecular pathways involved.
Pharmacological research.
2021 01; 163(?):105313. doi:
10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105313
. [PMID: 33246173] - Yaping Mao, Ying Ma, Tong Chen, Xiaohui Ma, Yanqin Xu, Junling Bu, Qishuang Li, Baolong Jin, Yanan Wang, Yong Li, Guanghong Cui, Yujun Zhao, Jinfu Tang, Ye Shen, Changjiangsheng Lai, Wen Zeng, Min Chen, Juan Guo, Luqi Huang. Functional Integration of Two CYP450 Genes Involved in Biosynthesis of Tanshinones for Improved Diterpenoid Production by Synthetic Biology.
ACS synthetic biology.
2020 07; 9(7):1763-1770. doi:
10.1021/acssynbio.0c00136
. [PMID: 32551504] - Nawal M Al Musayeib, Musarat Amina, Gadah Abdulaziz Al-Hamoud, Gamal A Mohamed, Sabrin R M Ibrahim, Samah Shabana. Plectrabarbene, a New Abietane Diterpene from Plectranthus barbatus Aerial Parts.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
2020 May; 25(10):. doi:
10.3390/molecules25102365
. [PMID: 32443693] - Débora Botura Scariot, Hélito Volpato, Nilma de Souza Fernandes, Edna Filipa Pais Soares, Tânia Ueda-Nakamura, Benedito Prado Dias-Filho, Zia Ud Din, Edson Rodrigues-Filho, Adley Forti Rubira, Olga Borges, Maria Do Céu Sousa, Celso Vataru Nakamura. Activity and Cell-Death Pathway in Leishmania infantum Induced by Sugiol: Vectorization Using Yeast Cell Wall Particles Obtained From Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology.
2019; 9(?):208. doi:
10.3389/fcimb.2019.00208
. [PMID: 31259161] - Chengfei Hao, Xibo Zhang, Hongtao Zhang, Haitao Shang, Jianheng Bao, Haibo Wang, Zhonglian Li. Sugiol (127horbar;hydroxyabieta-8,11,13-trien-7-one) targets human pancreatic carcinoma cells (Mia-PaCa2) by inducing apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest, ROS production and inhibition of cancer cell migration.
Journal of B.U.ON. : official journal of the Balkan Union of Oncology.
2018 Jan; 23(1):205-210. doi:
. [PMID: 29552785]
- Xiao-Jiao Chen, Ling Ni, Mei-Fen Bao, Li Wang, Xiang-Hai Cai. Abietane diterpenoids from Cephalotaxus lanceolata.
Natural product research.
2017 Nov; 31(21):2473-2478. doi:
10.1080/14786419.2017.1314280
. [PMID: 28399666] - Vivek K Bajpai, Na-Hyung Kim, Kangmin Kim, Sun Chul Kang. Antiviral potential of a diterpenoid compound sugiol from Metasequoia glyptostroboides.
Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences.
2016 May; 29(3 Suppl):1077-80. doi:
NULL
. [PMID: 27383486] - Juan Guo, Xiaohui Ma, Yuan Cai, Ying Ma, Zhilai Zhan, Yongjin J Zhou, Wujun Liu, Mengxin Guan, Jian Yang, Guanghong Cui, Liping Kang, Lei Yang, Ye Shen, Jinfu Tang, Huixin Lin, Xiaojing Ma, Baolong Jin, Zhenming Liu, Reuben J Peters, Zongbao K Zhao, Luqi Huang. Cytochrome P450 promiscuity leads to a bifurcating biosynthetic pathway for tanshinones.
The New phytologist.
2016 Apr; 210(2):525-34. doi:
10.1111/nph.13790
. [PMID: 26682704] - H Saijo, H Kofujita, K Takahashi, T Ashitani. Antioxidant activity and mechanism of the abietane-type diterpene ferruginol.
Natural product research.
2015; 29(18):1739-43. doi:
10.1080/14786419.2014.997233
. [PMID: 25588148] - Vivek K Bajpai, Ajay Sharma, Sun Chul Kang, Kwang-Hyun Baek. Antioxidant, lipid peroxidation inhibition and free radical scavenging efficacy of a diterpenoid compound sugiol isolated from Metasequoia glyptostroboides.
Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine.
2014 Jan; 7(1):9-15. doi:
10.1016/s1995-7645(13)60183-2
. [PMID: 24418075] - Shiyou Li, Ping Wang, Guangrui Deng, Wei Yuan, Zushang Su. Cytotoxic compounds from invasive giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta) against human tumor cells.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters.
2013 Dec; 23(24):6682-7. doi:
10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.10.040
. [PMID: 24210499] - Li Zhang, Zu-Jiang Xu, Yu-Jing Feng, Ding-Yong Wang. [Chemical constituents of roots of Celastrus orbiculatus].
Zhong yao cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal of Chinese medicinal materials.
2013 Apr; 36(4):569-72. doi:
. [PMID: 24134003]
- Marcio Fronza, Evelyn Lamy, Stefan Günther, Berta Heinzmann, Stefan Laufer, Irmgard Merfort. Abietane diterpenes induce cytotoxic effects in human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 through different modes of action.
Phytochemistry.
2012 Jun; 78(?):107-19. doi:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.02.015
. [PMID: 22436445] - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary, Amjad Hussain, Zulfiqar Ali, Achyut Adhikari, Samina A Sattar, Syed A Ayatollahi, Abdullah M Al-Majid. Diterpenoids including a novel dimeric conjugate from Salvia leriaefolia.
Planta medica.
2012 Feb; 78(3):269-75. doi:
10.1055/s-0031-1280454
. [PMID: 22174076] - M Fronza, R Murillo, S Ślusarczyk, M Adams, M Hamburger, B Heinzmann, S Laufer, I Merfort. In vitro cytotoxic activity of abietane diterpenes from Peltodon longipes as well as Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia sahendica.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry.
2011 Aug; 19(16):4876-81. doi:
10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.067
. [PMID: 21775156] - Chi-I Chang, Wen-Ching Chen, Yi-Yuan Shao, Guey-Ru Yeh, Ning-Sun Yang, Wenchang Chiang, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo. A new labdane-type diterpene from the bark of Juniperus chinensis Linn.
Natural product research.
2008; 22(13):1158-62. doi:
10.1080/14786410601132444
. [PMID: 18855216] - Chih-Chun Wen, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Jia-Tsrong Jan, Po-Huang Liang, Sheng-Yang Wang, Hong-Gi Liu, Ching-Kuo Lee, Shang-Tzen Chang, Chih-Jung Kuo, Shoei-Sheng Lee, Chia-Chung Hou, Pei-Wen Hsiao, Shih-Chang Chien, Lie-Fen Shyur, Ning-Sun Yang. Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.
Journal of medicinal chemistry.
2007 Aug; 50(17):4087-95. doi:
10.1021/jm070295s
. [PMID: 17663539] - Kwang-Hee Son, Hyun-Mi Oh, Sung-Kyu Choi, Dong Cho Han, Byoung-Mog Kwon. Anti-tumor abietane diterpenes from the cones of Sequoia sempervirens.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters.
2005 Apr; 15(8):2019-21. doi:
10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.02.057
. [PMID: 15808460] - Kuo-Ping Chao, Kuo-Feng Hua, Hsien-Yeh Hsu, Yu-Chang Su, Shang-Tzen Chang. Anti-inflammatory activity of sugiol, a diterpene isolated from Calocedrus formosana bark.
Planta medica.
2005 Apr; 71(4):300-5. doi:
10.1055/s-2005-864094
. [PMID: 15856404]