Chemical Formula: C20H28O
Chemical Formula C20H28O
Found 71 metabolite its formula value is C20H28O
Retinal
A carotenoid constituent of visual pigments. It is the oxidized form of retinol which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is bound to the protein opsin forming the complex rhodopsin. When stimulated by visible light, the retinal component of the rhodopsin complex undergoes isomerization at the 11-position of the double bond to the cis-form; this is reversed in "dark" reactions to return to the native trans-configuration. [HMDB]. Retinal is found in many foods, some of which are flaxseed, pepper (c. baccatum), climbing bean, and other soy product. Retinal is a carotenoid constituent of visual pigments. It is the oxidized form of retinol which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is bound to the protein opsin forming the complex rhodopsin. When stimulated by visible light, the retinal component of the rhodopsin complex undergoes isomerization at the 11-position of the double bond to the cis-form; this is reversed in "dark" reactions to return to the native trans-configuration. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 142
Lynestrenol
G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03A - Hormonal contraceptives for systemic use > G03AC - Progestogens G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03D - Progestogens > G03DC - Estren derivatives C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone D012102 - Reproductive Control Agents > D003270 - Contraceptive Agents Same as: D01580
16beta-Estradiol-3-methyl ether
11-cis-Retinaldehyde
11-cis-retinal is a retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry. It has a role as a chromophore, a human metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a diterpene derived from the carotenoid vitamin A which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is the prosthetic group of rhodopsin. When stimulated by visible light, rhodopsin transforms this cis-isomer of retinal to the trans-isomer (11-trans-retinal). This transformation straightens-out the bend of the retinal molecule and causes a change in the shape of rhodopsin triggering the visual process. A series of energy-requiring enzyme-catalyzed reactions convert the 11-trans-retinal back to the cis-isomer. 11-cis-retinal functions in the retina in the transduction of light into the neural signals necessary for vision. 11-cis-retinal, while attached to opsin in rhodopsin is isomerized to all-trans-retinal by light. This is the event that triggers the nerve impulse to the brain which allows for the perception of light. All-trans-retinal is then released from opsin and reduced to all-trans-retinol. All-trans-retinol is isomerized to 11-cis-retinol in the dark, and then oxidized to 11-cis-retinal. 11-cis-retinal recombines with opsin to re-form rhodopsin. Night blindness or defective vision at low illumination results from a failure to resynthesize 11-cis retinal rapidly. Vitamin A (all-trans retinol) is converted in the retina to the 11-cis-isomer of retinaldehyde or 11-cis-retinal. 11-cis-retinal functions in the retina in the transduction of light into the neural signals necessary for vision. 11-cis-retinal, while attached to opsin in rhodopsin is isomerized to all-trans-retinal by light. This is the event that triggers the nerve impulse to the brain which allows for the perception of light. All-trans-retinal is then released from opsin and reduced to all-trans-retinol. All-trans-retinol is isomerized to 11-cis-retinol in the dark, and then oxidized to 11-cis-retinal. 11-cis-retinal recombines with opsin to re-form rhodopsin. Night blindness or defective vision at low illumination results from a failure to resynthesize 11-cis retinal rapidly. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
9-cis-Retinal
In vivo, 9-cis-retinal is formed through oxidation of 9-cis-retinol by cis-retinol dehydrogenase (cRDH). (PMID:15572038). The generation of retinoic acid from retinol is a two-step reaction, with the rate-limiting step being the oxidation of retinol into the intermediate retinaldehyde. Two classes of. unrelated enzymes have been implicated in the oxidation of retinol, the classical cytosolic medium chain alcohol dehydrogenases and recently identified microsomal members of the short chain alcohol dehydrogenase reductase (SDR) superfamily. Further oxidation of the retinaldehyde to the retinoic acid is believed to be catalyzed by several cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenases. Retinoids are micronutrients required to maintain and promote health of vertebrates. They act physiologically by participating in the visual cycle, in regulating cell differentiation, in embryonic development (PMID:10893430), in maintaining normal reproduction, and in the immune response (PMID:8882153). In non-ocular tissues, the effects of retinoids within the body are mediated through retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs), which act to regulate gene expression as ligand-dependent transcription factors. The naturally occurring ligands for these nuclear receptors are thought to be all-trans-retinoic acid for RARs and 9-cis-retinoic acid for RXRs (PMID:10322133). While many details of the molecular actions of the RARs and RXRs in regulating gene transcription are understood (PMID:10418975), tissue-specific synthetic pathway(s) of their ligands has not been adequately defined. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy of retinoids, including 9-cis-retinoic acid, is well established in both tissue culture and animal models of breast cancer (PMID:8825126, PMID:12743994). In vivo, 9-cis-retinal is formed through oxidation of 9-cis-retinol by cis-retinol dehydrogenase (cRDH). (PMID: 15572038). The generation of retinoic acid from retinol is a two-step reaction, with the rate-limiting step being the oxidation of retinol into the intermediate retinaldehyde. Two classes of D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
delta6-Dehydroferruginol
delta6-Dehydroferruginol is found in fruits. delta6-Dehydroferruginol is isolated from woods of Juniperus communis (juniper Isolated from woods of Juniperus communis (juniper). delta6-Dehydroferruginol is found in fruits.
Vitamin A2
Vitamin A2 is the form, C20H28O, of vitamin A found in the retina and liver of freshwater fishes and certain invertebrates and amphibians; it differs from retinol (vitamin A1) in having one more conjugated double bond and has approximately one-third the biological activity of retinol. Called also retinol2. Constituent of fresh-water fish oils. 3,4-Didehydroretinol is found in fats and oils and fishes. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
13-cis-Retinal
13-cis-Retinal is a naturally occurring retinoid. Retinoids are vitamin A analogs that have profound biological activities. Several retinoids have been reported to have antiinflammatory activity in certain animal models of arthritis, such as adjuvant-induced and streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis in rats. Some retinoids also have been shown to possess antiinftammatory activity in man by their ability to modulate inflammatory diseases of the skin. It has been reported, for example, that retinoid treatment can inhibit neutrophil accumulation in cutaneous disorders such as psoriasis. (PMID: 2123476) [HMDB] 13-cis-Retinal is a naturally occurring retinoid. Retinoids are vitamin A analogs that have profound biological activities. Several retinoids have been reported to have antiinflammatory activity in certain animal models of arthritis, such as adjuvant-induced and streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis in rats. Some retinoids also have been shown to possess antiinftammatory activity in man by their ability to modulate inflammatory diseases of the skin. It has been reported, for example, that retinoid treatment can inhibit neutrophil accumulation in cutaneous disorders such as psoriasis. (PMID:2123476). D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
(2Z,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenal
Lynestrenol
Coronarin E
Coronarin E is a natural product found in Alpinia conchigera, Alpinia javanica, and other organisms with data available.
Dehydroabietal
Dehydroabietadienal is a carbotricyclic compound and an abietane diterpenoid. Dehydroabietal is a natural product found in Pinus brutia var. eldarica, Cedrus atlantica, and other organisms with data available.
(5S,10S)-8,11,13-Cleistanthatrien-7-one|8,11,13-cleisanthatrien-7-one|8,11,13-cleistanthatrien-7-one|cleistantha-8,11,13-trien-7-one
(15R)-12,16-Epoxy-8,11,13-abietatriene|ar-abietatrien-12,16-oxide
11,10-oxymethylenecyclopent-14-isopropyl-8,11,13-podocarpatriene|cycloinumakiol
6,7-dehydrototarol|Delta6-Dehydro-totarol|totara-7,8,11,13-tetaren-13-ol
13-cis-retinal
A retinal in which the double bond alpha- to the aldehyde group has cis configuration, whilst the remaining acyclic double bonds have trans configuration. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
11-cis-retinal
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry.
(8R,9S,13S,14S,17R)-17-ethynyl-13-methyl-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-ol
1-Phenanthrenecarboxaldehyde, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydro-1,4a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-, [1S-(1alpha,4aalpha,10abeta)]-
17-Methyl-18,19-dinorpregna-4,13-dien-3-one,(17alpha)-
Isoretinene a
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
Retinal
An enal that consists of 3,7-dimethyl-9-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenal (double bond geometry unspecified) carrying a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group at the 9-position. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
All-trans-retinal
A retinal in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. 13-cis-retinal, also known as vitamin a aldehyde or retinaldehyde, is a member of the class of compounds known as retinoids. Retinoids are oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof. Thus, 13-cis-retinal is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. 13-cis-retinal is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). 13-cis-retinal can be found primarily in blood, as well as throughout most human tissues. Within the cell, 13-cis-retinal is primarily located in the cytoplasm and in the membrane (predicted from logP). It can also be found in the extracellular space. 13-cis-retinal exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, 13-cis-retinal is involved in the retinol metabolism. 13-cis-retinal is also involved in vitamin A deficiency, which is a metabolic disorder.
All-trans-1,6-seco-1,2-didehydroretinal
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
(2Z,4E,6Z,8Z)-3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexene-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenal
7-Dehydroabietanone
An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted by an oxo group at position 7. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Fraxinus sieboldiana.
Cycloinumakiol
An abietane diterpenoid that is podocarpa-8,11,13-triene substituted by a propan-2-yl group at position 14 at an epoxy group across positions 11 and 17. It is isolated from Podocarpus latifolius.
9-cis-Retinal
A retinal in which the double bond at position 9 has cis configuration, whilst the remaining acyclic double bonds have trans configuration. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
17-Methyl-18,19-dinor-17alpha-pregna-4,13-dien-3-one
all-trans-3,4-Didehydroretinol
A retinoid derived from 3,4-desaturation of the beta-ionone ring of all-trans-retinol.