Subcellular Location: [Isoform 1]: Nucleus

Abietic_acid

C20H30O2 (302.2246)

Yellowish resinous powder. (NTP, 1992) Abietic acid is an abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-7,13-diene substituted by a carboxy group at position 18. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an abietane diterpenoid and a monocarboxylic acid. It is a conjugate acid of an abietate. Abietic acid is a natural product found in Ceroplastes pseudoceriferus, Pinus brutia var. eldarica, and other organisms with data available. An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-7,13-diene substituted by a carboxy group at position 18. D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D005343 - Fibrinolytic Agents D000975 - Antioxidants > D016166 - Free Radical Scavengers D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D050299 - Fibrin Modulating Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8337 Abietic acid, a diterpene isolated from Colophony, possesses antiproliferative, antibacterial, and anti-obesity properties. Abietic acid inhibits lipoxygenase activity for allergy treatment[1][2]. Abietic acid, a diterpene isolated from Colophony, possesses antiproliferative, antibacterial, and anti-obesity properties. Abietic acid inhibits lipoxygenase activity for allergy treatment[1][2].

Sarsasapogenin

C27H44O3 (416.329)

(25S)-5beta-spirostan-3beta-ol is a sapogenin. Sarsasapogenin is a natural product found in Yucca gloriosa, Narthecium ossifragum, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of Radix sarsaparilla (sarsaparilla root). Sarsasapogenin is found in asparagus, herbs and spices, and fenugreek. Sarsasapogenin is found in asparagus. Sarsasapogenin is a constituent of Radix sarsaparilla (sarsaparilla root) C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C1931 - Antineoplastic Plant Product > C823 - Saponin C1907 - Drug, Natural Product Sarsasapogenin is a sapogenin from the Chinese medical herb Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, with antidiabetic, anti-oxidative, anticancer and anti-inflamatory activities. Sarsasapogenin is a sapogenin from the Chinese medical herb Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, with antidiabetic, anti-oxidative, anticancer and anti-inflamatory activities.

Bufotalin

C26H36O6 (444.2512)

Bufotalin is a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Bufotalin is a natural product found in Bufo gargarizans, Duttaphrynus melanostictus Bufotalin is a cardiotoxic bufanolide steroid, cardiac glycoside analogue, secreted by a number of toad species.[2][3] Bufotalin can be extracted from the skin parotoid glands of several types of toad. Rhinella marina (Cane toad), Rhaebo guttatus (Smooth-sided toad), Bufo melanostictus (Asian toad), and Bufo bufo (common European toad) are sources of bufotalin. Traditional medicine Bufotalin is part of Ch'an Su, a traditional Chinese medicine used for cancer. It is also known as Venenum Bufonis or senso (Japanese).[5] Toxicity Specifically, in cats the lethal median dose is 0.13 mg/kg.[1] and in dogs is 0.36 mg/kg (intravenous).[6] Knowing this it is advisable to monitor those functions continuously using an EKG. As there is no antidote against bufotalin all occurring symptoms need to be treated separately or if possible in combination with others. To increase the clearance theoretically, due to the similarities with digitoxin, cholestyramine, a bile salt, might help.[6] Recent animal studies have shown that taurine restores cardiac functions.[7] Symptomatic measures include lignocaine, atropine and phenytoin for cardiac toxicity and intravenous potassium compounds to correct hyperkalaemia from its effect on the Na+/K+ ATPase pump.[6] Pharmacology and mechanism of action After a single intravenous injection, bufotalin gets quickly distributed and eliminated from the blood plasma with a half-time of 28.6 minutes and a MRT of 14.7 min. After 30 minutes after an administration of bufotalin, the concentrations within the brain and lungs are significantly higher than those in blood and other tissues.[8] It also increases cancer cell's susceptibility to apoptosis via TNF-α signalling by the BH3 interacting domain death agonist and STAT proteins.[9] Bufotalin induces apoptosis in vitro in human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep 3B cells and might involve caspases and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF).[10] The use of bufotalin as a cancer treating compound is still in the experimental phase. It also arrests cell cycle at G(2)/M, by up- and down- regulation of several enzymes. Bufotalin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=471-95-4 (retrieved 2024-06-29) (CAS RN: 471-95-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation[1][2]. Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation[1][2].

Gamabufogenin

C24H34O5 (402.2406)

Gamabufogenin is a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Gamabufotalin is a natural product found in Bufotes viridis, Bufo, and other organisms with data available. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides Gamabufotalin (Gamabufagin), a main active compound isolated from Chinese medicine Chansu, has been shown to strongly inhibit cancer cell growth and inflammatory response. Gamabufotalin could inhibite angiogenesis by inhibiting the activation of VEGFR-2 signaling pathways. Gamabufotalin (Gamabufagin), a main active compound isolated from Chinese medicine Chansu, has been shown to strongly inhibit cancer cell growth and inflammatory response. Gamabufotalin could inhibite angiogenesis by inhibiting the activation of VEGFR-2 signaling pathways.

(+)-4,11-Eudesmadien-3-one

C15H22O (218.1671)

(+)-4,11-Eudesmadien-3-one is found in root vegetables. (+)-4,11-Eudesmadien-3-one is a constituent of Cyperus rotundus (nutgrass). alpha-Cyperone is a natural product found in Cyperus alopecuroides, Cyperus articulatus, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of Cyperus rotundus (nutgrass). (+)-4,11-Eudesmadien-3-one is found in root vegetables.

linolenate(18:3)

C18H30O2 (278.2246)

alpha-Linolenic acid (ALA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). It is a member of the group of essential fatty acids called omega-3 fatty acids. alpha-Linolenic acid, in particular, is not synthesized by mammals and therefore is an essential dietary requirement for all mammals. Certain nuts (English walnuts) and vegetable oils (canola, soybean, flaxseed/linseed, olive) are particularly rich in alpha-linolenic acid. Omega-3 fatty acids get their name based on the location of one of their first double bond. In all omega-3 fatty acids, the first double bond is located between the third and fourth carbon atom counting from the methyl end of the fatty acid (n-3). Although humans and other mammals can synthesize saturated and some monounsaturated fatty acids from carbon groups in carbohydrates and proteins, they lack the enzymes necessary to insert a cis double bond at the n-6 or the n-3 position of a fatty acid. Omega-3 fatty acids like alpha-linolenic acid are important structural components of cell membranes. When incorporated into phospholipids, they affect cell membrane properties such as fluidity, flexibility, permeability, and the activity of membrane-bound enzymes. Omega-3 fatty acids can modulate the expression of a number of genes, including those involved with fatty acid metabolism and inflammation. alpha-Linolenic acid and other omega-3 fatty acids may regulate gene expression by interacting with specific transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and liver X receptors (LXRs). alpha-Linolenic acid is found to be associated with isovaleric acidemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism. α-Linolenic acid can be obtained by humans only through their diets. Humans lack the desaturase enzymes required for processing stearic acid into A-linoleic acid or other unsaturated fatty acids. Dietary α-linolenic acid is metabolized to stearidonic acid, a precursor to a collection of polyunsaturated 20-, 22-, 24-, etc fatty acids (eicosatetraenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, tetracosapentaenoic acid, 6,9,12,15,18,21-tetracosahexaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid).[12] Because the efficacy of n−3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) synthesis decreases down the cascade of α-linolenic acid conversion, DHA synthesis from α-linolenic acid is even more restricted than that of EPA.[13] Conversion of ALA to DHA is higher in women than in men.[14] α-Linolenic acid, also known as alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (from Greek alpha meaning "first" and linon meaning flax), is an n−3, or omega-3, essential fatty acid. ALA is found in many seeds and oils, including flaxseed, walnuts, chia, hemp, and many common vegetable oils. In terms of its structure, it is named all-cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid.[2] In physiological literature, it is listed by its lipid number, 18:3 (n−3). It is a carboxylic acid with an 18-carbon chain and three cis double bonds. The first double bond is located at the third carbon from the methyl end of the fatty acid chain, known as the n end. Thus, α-linolenic acid is a polyunsaturated n−3 (omega-3) fatty acid. It is a regioisomer of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an 18:3 (n−6) fatty acid (i.e., a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid with three double bonds). Alpha-linolenic acid is a linolenic acid with cis-double bonds at positions 9, 12 and 15. Shown to have an antithrombotic effect. It has a role as a micronutrient, a nutraceutical and a mouse metabolite. It is an omega-3 fatty acid and a linolenic acid. It is a conjugate acid of an alpha-linolenate and a (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is a polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid. It is a component of many common vegetable oils and is important to human nutrition. alpha-Linolenic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Linolenic Acid is a natural product found in Prunus mume, Dipteryx lacunifera, and other organisms with data available. Linolenic Acid is an essential fatty acid belonging to the omega-3 fatty acids group. It is highly concentrated in certain plant oils and has been reported to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin resulting in reduced inflammation and prevention of certain chronic diseases. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is a polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid. It is a component of many common vegetable oils and is important to human nutrition. A fatty acid that is found in plants and involved in the formation of prostaglandins. Seed oils are the richest sources of α-linolenic acid, notably those of hempseed, chia, perilla, flaxseed (linseed oil), rapeseed (canola), and soybeans. α-Linolenic acid is also obtained from the thylakoid membranes in the leaves of Pisum sativum (pea leaves).[3] Plant chloroplasts consisting of more than 95 percent of photosynthetic thylakoid membranes are highly fluid due to the large abundance of ALA, evident as sharp resonances in high-resolution carbon-13 NMR spectra.[4] Some studies state that ALA remains stable during processing and cooking.[5] However, other studies state that ALA might not be suitable for baking as it will polymerize with itself, a feature exploited in paint with transition metal catalysts. Some ALA may also oxidize at baking temperatures. Gamma-linolenic acid (γ-Linolenic acid) is an omega-6 (n-6), 18 carbon (18C-) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) extracted from Perilla frutescens. Gamma-linolenic acid supplements could restore needed PUFAs and mitigate the disease[1]. Gamma-linolenic acid (γ-Linolenic acid) is an omega-6 (n-6), 18 carbon (18C-) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) extracted from Perilla frutescens. Gamma-linolenic acid supplements could restore needed PUFAs and mitigate the disease[1]. α-Linolenic acid, isolated from Perilla frutescens, is an essential fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by humans. α-Linolenic acid can affect the process of thrombotic through the modulation of PI3K/Akt signaling. α-Linolenic acid possess the anti-arrhythmic properties and is related to cardiovascular disease and cancer[1]. α-Linolenic acid, isolated from Perilla frutescens, is an essential fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by humans. α-Linolenic acid can affect the process of thrombotic through the modulation of PI3K/Akt signaling. α-Linolenic acid possess the anti-arrhythmic properties and is related to cardiovascular disease and cancer[1]. α-Linolenic acid, isolated from Perilla frutescens, is an essential fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by humans. α-Linolenic acid can affect the process of thrombotic through the modulation of PI3K/Akt signaling. α-Linolenic acid possess the anti-arrhythmic properties and is related to cardiovascular disease and cancer[1].

Isoscopoletin

C10H8O4 (192.0423)

Isoscopoletin is a hydroxycoumarin that is esculetin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is the major primary metabolite of scoparone. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a hydroxycoumarin and an aromatic ether. It is functionally related to an esculetin. Isoscopoletin is a natural product found in Clausena dunniana, Olea capensis, and other organisms with data available. Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) is an active constituent in Artemisia argyi leaves. Isoscopoletin shows substantial inhibition against cell proliferation, with IC50s of 4.0 μM and 1.6 μM for human CCRF-CEM leukaemia cells and multidrug resistant subline CEM/ADR5000, respectively[1]. Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) possesses inhibitory activity against HBV replication[2]. Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) is an active constituent in Artemisia argyi leaves. Isoscopoletin shows substantial inhibition against cell proliferation, with IC50s of 4.0 μM and 1.6 μM for human CCRF-CEM leukaemia cells and multidrug resistant subline CEM/ADR5000, respectively[1]. Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) possesses inhibitory activity against HBV replication[2].

Senkyunolide

C12H16O2 (192.115)

Senkyunolide is a member of 2-benzofurans. Senkyunolide A is a natural product found in Ligusticum striatum, Angelica sinensis, and other organisms with data available. See also: Celery (part of); Scutellaria baicalensis Root (part of); Angelica acutiloba Root (part of) ... View More ... Senkyunolide A, isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, has cytoprotective and antiproliferative activities. Anti-tumor activity[1][2]. Senkyunolide A, isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, has cytoprotective and antiproliferative activities. Anti-tumor activity[1][2].

Chrysosplenetin

C19H18O8 (374.1002)

Chrysosplenetin, also known as quercetagetin 3,6,7,3-tetramethyl ether or 3,6,7,3-tetra-methylquercetagetin, is a member of the class of compounds known as 7-o-methylated flavonoids. 7-o-methylated flavonoids are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C7 atom of the flavonoid backbone. Thus, chrysosplenetin is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. Chrysosplenetin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Chrysosplenetin can be found in german camomile, which makes chrysosplenetin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Chrysosplenetin is an O-methylated flavonol. It can be found in the root of Berneuxia thibetica and in Chamomilla recutita . Chrysosplenetin is a tetramethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7,3-tetramethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. It has a role as an antiviral agent and a plant metabolite. It is a tetramethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a quercetagetin. Chrysosplenetin is a natural product found in Haplophyllum myrtifolium, Cleome amblyocarpa, and other organisms with data available. Chrysosplenetin is one of the polymethoxylated flavonoids in Artemisia annua L. (Compositae) and other several Chinese herbs. Chrysosplenetin inhibits P-gp activity and reverses the up-regulated P-gp and MDR1 levels induced by artemisinin (ART). Chrysosplenetin significantly augments the rat plasma level and anti-malarial efficacy of ART, partially due to the uncompetitive inhibition effect of Chrysosplenetin on rat CYP3A[1]. Chrysosplenetin is one of the polymethoxylated flavonoids in Artemisia annua L. (Compositae) and other several Chinese herbs. Chrysosplenetin inhibits P-gp activity and reverses the up-regulated P-gp and MDR1 levels induced by artemisinin (ART). Chrysosplenetin significantly augments the rat plasma level and anti-malarial efficacy of ART, partially due to the uncompetitive inhibition effect of Chrysosplenetin on rat CYP3A[1].

Ginsenoside F2

C42H72O13 (784.4973)

Ginsenoside F2 is a ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosides, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. It has a role as an apoptosis inducer, an antineoplastic agent and a plant metabolite. It is a ginsenoside, a tetracyclic triterpenoid, a 12beta-hydroxy steroid and a beta-D-glucoside. It derives from a hydride of a dammarane. ginsenoside F2 is a natural product found in Panax ginseng, Panax notoginseng, and Aralia elata with data available. Ginsenoside F2 is found in tea. Ginsenoside F2 is isolated from Panax species. Isolated from Panax subspecies Ginsenoside F2 is found in tea. Ginsenoside F2, a metabolite from Ginsenoside Rb1, induces apoptosis accompanied by protective autophagy in breast cancer stem cells[1]. Ginsenoside F2, a metabolite from Ginsenoside Rb1, induces apoptosis accompanied by protective autophagy in breast cancer stem cells[1].

Scopolin

C16H18O9 (354.0951)

Scopolin is a member of the class of coumarins that is scopoletin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a monosaccharide derivative, a member of coumarins and a beta-D-glucoside. It is functionally related to a scopoletin. Scopolin is a natural product found in Artemisia ordosica, Astragalus onobrychis, and other organisms with data available. See also: Chamaemelum nobile flower (part of). A member of the class of coumarins that is scopoletin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. Scopolin is a coumarin isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) roots[1]. Scopolin attenuated hepatic steatosis through activation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades[2]. Scopolin is a coumarin isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) roots[1]. Scopolin attenuated hepatic steatosis through activation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades[2]. Scopolin is a coumarin isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) roots[1]. Scopolin attenuated hepatic steatosis through activation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades[2].

Cyasteron

C29H44O8 (520.3036)

Cyasterone is a steroid lactone, a 21-hydroxy steroid, a 2beta-hydroxy steroid, a 3beta-hydroxy steroid, a 14alpha-hydroxy steroid, a 20-hydroxy steroid, a 6-oxo steroid and a phytoecdysteroid. Cyasterone is a natural product found in Ajuga decumbens, Ajuga iva, and other organisms with data available. Cyasterone, a natural EGFR inhibitor, mainly isolated from Ajuga decumbens Thunb (Labiatae). Cyasterone manifests anti-proliferation effect by induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrests. Cyasterone may serves as a therapeutic anti-tumor agent against human tumors[1]. Cyasterone, a natural EGFR inhibitor, mainly isolated from Ajuga decumbens Thunb (Labiatae). Cyasterone manifests anti-proliferation effect by induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrests. Cyasterone may serves as a therapeutic anti-tumor agent against human tumors[1].

Aurantio-obtusin

C17H14O7 (330.0739)

Aurantio-obtusin is a trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,3,7-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 8, and by a methyl group at position 6. Aurantio-obtusin is a natural product found in Senna obtusifolia and Senna tora with data available. Aurantio-obtusin is an anthraquinone isolated from Semen Cassiae, with anti-Inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-coagulating and anti-hypertension activities[1][2][3]. Aurantio-obtusin relaxes systemic arteries through endothelial PI3K/AKT/eNOS-dependent signaling pathway in rats, thus acts as a new potential vasodilator[2]. Aurantio-obtusin inhibits allergic responses in IgE-mediated mast cells and anaphylactic models and is potential for treatment for allergy-related diseases[3]. Aurantio-obtusin is an anthraquinone isolated from Semen Cassiae, with anti-Inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-coagulating and anti-hypertension activities[1][2][3]. Aurantio-obtusin relaxes systemic arteries through endothelial PI3K/AKT/eNOS-dependent signaling pathway in rats, thus acts as a new potential vasodilator[2]. Aurantio-obtusin inhibits allergic responses in IgE-mediated mast cells and anaphylactic models and is potential for treatment for allergy-related diseases[3].

Dihydrosanguinarine

C20H15NO4 (333.1001)

Dihydrosanguinarine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid obtained by selective hydrogenation of the 13,14-position of sanguinarine. It has a role as a metabolite and an antifungal agent. It derives from a hydride of a sanguinarine. Dihydrosanguinarine is a natural product found in Sarcocapnos baetica, Sarcocapnos saetabensis, and other organisms with data available. A benzophenanthridine alkaloid obtained by selective hydrogenation of the 13,14-position of sanguinarine. Dihydrosanguinarine is a natural compound isolated from the leaves of Macleaya microcarpa; has antifungal and anticancer activity. IC50 value: Target: in vitro: Dihydrosanguinarine showed much less cytotoxicity than sanguinarine: at the highest concentration tested (20 microM) and 24h exposure, dihydrosanguinarine decreased viability only to 52\\% [1]. Dihydrosanguinarine showed the highest antifungal activity against B. cinerea Pers, with 95.16\\% mycelial growth inhibition at 50 μg/ml [2]. dihydrosanguinarine showed the most potent leishmanicidal activities (IC(50) value: 0.014 microg/ml, respectively) [4]. in vivo: Repeated dosing of DHSG for 90 days at up to 500 ppm in the diet (i.e. approximately 58 mg/kg/day) showed no evidence of toxicity in contrast to results published in the literature [3]. Dihydrosanguinarine is a natural compound isolated from the leaves of Macleaya microcarpa; has antifungal and anticancer activity. IC50 value: Target: in vitro: Dihydrosanguinarine showed much less cytotoxicity than sanguinarine: at the highest concentration tested (20 microM) and 24h exposure, dihydrosanguinarine decreased viability only to 52\% [1]. Dihydrosanguinarine showed the highest antifungal activity against B. cinerea Pers, with 95.16\% mycelial growth inhibition at 50 μg/ml [2]. dihydrosanguinarine showed the most potent leishmanicidal activities (IC(50) value: 0.014 microg/ml, respectively) [4]. in vivo: Repeated dosing of DHSG for 90 days at up to 500 ppm in the diet (i.e. approximately 58 mg/kg/day) showed no evidence of toxicity in contrast to results published in the literature [3].

Coniferin

C16H22O8 (342.1315)

Coniferin (CAS: 531-29-3), also known as abietin or coniferoside, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenolic glycosides. These are organic compounds containing a phenolic structure attached to a glycosyl moiety. Some examples of phenolic structures include lignans and flavonoids. Among the sugar units found in natural glycosides are D-glucose, L-fructose, and L-rhamnose. Coniferin is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Coniferin is a monosaccharide derivative consisting of coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. Coniferin is found in asparagus and has been isolated from Scorzonera hispanica (black salsify). Coniferin is a monosaccharide derivative that is coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a cinnamyl alcohol beta-D-glucoside, an aromatic ether and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a coniferol. Coniferin is a natural product found in Salacia chinensis, Astragalus onobrychis, and other organisms with data available. A monosaccharide derivative that is coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Scorzonera hispanica (scorzonera) Coniferin (Laricin) is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. Coniferin inhibits fungal growth and melanization[1]. Coniferin (Laricin) is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. Coniferin inhibits fungal growth and melanization[1].

Araloside A

C47H74O18 (926.4875)

Chikusetsusaponin-IV is a triterpenoid saponin. It has a role as a metabolite. Araloside A is a natural product found in Kalopanax septemlobus, Bassia muricata, and other organisms with data available. Araloside A is found in green vegetables. Araloside A is from Aralia elata (Japanese angelica tree From Aralia elata (Japanese angelica tree). Araloside A is found in green vegetables. Araloside A (Chikusetsusaponin IV) is a component of Panax japonicus, with low-renin-inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 77.4 μM[1]. Araloside A (Chikusetsusaponin IV) is a component of Panax japonicus, with low-renin-inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 77.4 μM[1].

Fucitol

C6H14O5 (166.0841)

L-fucitol is the L-enantiomer of fucitol. It is found in nutmeg. It has a role as a plant metabolite and an antibacterial agent. It is an enantiomer of a D-fucitol. L-Fucitol is a natural product found in Carum carvi with data available. The L-enantiomer of fucitol. It is found in nutmeg. L-Fucitol (1-Deoxy-D-galactitol) is a sugar alcohol isolated from Nutmeg[1]. L-Fucitol (1-Deoxy-D-galactitol) is a sugar alcohol isolated from Nutmeg[1].

L-Tryptophan betaine

C14H18N2O2 (246.1368)

Hypaphorine is an amino acid betaine obtaine by exhaustive methylation of the alpha-amino group of L-tryptophan with concomitant deprotonation of the carboxy group. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a xenobiotic and a fungal metabolite. It is an amino-acid betaine, a L-tryptophan derivative and an indole alkaloid. Hypaphorine is a natural product found in Erythrina suberosa, Erythrina subumbrans, and other organisms with data available. Lenticin or hypaphorine is a compound found in lentil extracts. It can also be detected in blood after an individual has consumed lentils and may therefore serve as a food biomarker. Lenticin is an indole alkaloid that is essentially an N-methylated form of tryptophan. It is known to be a sleep-inducing compound (PMID: 18571406). In plants it is an agonist of the plant hormone indole acetic acid. An amino acid betaine obtaine by exhaustive methylation of the alpha-amino group of L-tryptophan with concomitant deprotonation of the carboxy group. (+)-Hypaphorine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=487-58-1 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 487-58-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Hypaphorine is an indole alkaloid isolated from Caragana korshinskii, and with neurological and glucose-lowering effects in rodents[1]. Hypaphorine is an indole alkaloid isolated from Caragana korshinskii, and with neurological and glucose-lowering effects in rodents[1].

coniferylferulate

C20H20O6 (356.126)

Coniferyl ferulate is a natural product found in Ligusticum striatum, Coreopsis venusta, and other organisms with data available. See also: Angelica sinensis root oil (part of). Coniferyl ferulate, a strong inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST), reverses multidrug resistance and downregulates P-glycoprotein. Coniferyl ferulate shows strong inhibition of human placental GST with an IC50 of 0.3 μM. Coniferyl ferulate, a strong inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST), reverses multidrug resistance and downregulates P-glycoprotein. Coniferyl ferulate shows strong inhibition of human placental GST with an IC50 of 0.3 μM.

tigogenin

C27H44O3 (416.329)

Tigogenin is a widely used steroidal sapogenin isolated from several plant species and used for synthesizing steroid drugs. It has a role as a gout suppressant and a plant metabolite. Tigogenin is a natural product found in Cordyline australis, Yucca gloriosa, and other organisms with data available. A widely used steroidal sapogenin isolated from several plant species and used for synthesizing steroid drugs. Tigogenin, also known as sarsasapogenin, (3beta,5alpha,25s)-isomer or smilagenin, is a member of the class of compounds known as triterpenoids. Triterpenoids are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units. Thus, tigogenin is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. Tigogenin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Tigogenin can be found in fenugreek, which makes tigogenin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Tigogenin, one of steroidal sapogenins, is widely used for synthesizing steroid agents. Tigogenin inhibits adipocytic differentiation and induces osteoblastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells[1]. Tigogenin, one of steroidal sapogenins, is widely used for synthesizing steroid agents. Tigogenin inhibits adipocytic differentiation and induces osteoblastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells[1].

Valtrats

C22H30O8 (422.1941)

Valtratum is a fatty acid ester. Valtrate is a natural product found in Valeriana pulchella, Valeriana alpestris, and other organisms with data available. See also: Viburnum opulus bark (part of). C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic Valepotriate can be isolated from?Valeriana jatamansi?Jones, has anti-epileptic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Valepotriate can be isolated from?Valeriana jatamansi?Jones, has anti-epileptic and anti-cancer activities[1][2].

Swertisin

C22H22O10 (446.1213)

Swertisin is a flavone C-glycoside that is 7-O-methylapigenin in which the hydrogen at position 6 has been replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an adenosine A1 receptor antagonist, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antioxidant and a hypoglycemic agent. It is a flavone C-glycoside, a monosaccharide derivative, a polyphenol, a monomethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to an apigenin. Swertisin is a natural product found in Carex fraseriana, Gentiana orbicularis, and other organisms with data available. A flavone C-glycoside that is 7-O-methylapigenin in which the hydrogen at position 6 has been replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. Swertisin, a C-glucosylflavone isolated from Iris tectorum, is known to have antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Swertisin is an adenosine A1 receptor antagonist[1][2].

Euscaphic acid

C30H48O5 (488.3502)

Euscaphic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 19 respectively (the 2alpha,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid and a triol. It derives from a hydride of an ursane. Euscaphic acid is a natural product found in Ternstroemia gymnanthera, Rhaphiolepis deflexa, and other organisms with data available. A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 19 respectively (the 2alpha,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata. Euscaphic acid is found in herbs and spices. Euscaphic acid is a constituent of Coleus amboinicus (Cuban oregano). Constituent of Coleus amboinicus (Cuban oregano). Euscaphic acid is found in loquat and herbs and spices. Euscaphic acid, a DNA polymerase inhibitor, is a triterpene from the root of the R. alceaefolius Poir. Euscaphic inhibits calf DNA polymerase α (pol α) and rat DNA polymerase β (pol β) with IC50 values of 61 and 108 μM[1]. Euscaphic acid induces apoptosis[2]. Euscaphic acid, a DNA polymerase inhibitor, is a triterpene from the root of the R. alceaefolius Poir. Euscaphic inhibits calf DNA polymerase α (pol α) and rat DNA polymerase β (pol β) with IC50 values of 61 and 108 μM[1]. Euscaphic acid induces apoptosis[2].

I07-0299

C37H54O11 (674.3666)

Cimicifugoside is a triterpenoid. CID 441913 is a natural product found in Actaea racemosa with data available.

Stigmastanol

C29H52O (416.4018)

Stigmastanol is a 3-hydroxy steroid that is 5alpha-stigmastane which is substituted at the 3beta position by a hydroxy group. It has a role as an anticholesteremic drug and a plant metabolite. It is a 3-hydroxy steroid and a member of phytosterols. It derives from a hydride of a 5alpha-stigmastane. Stigmastanol is a natural product found in Alnus japonica, Dracaena cinnabari, and other organisms with data available. Stigmastanol is a steroid derivative characterized by the hydroxyl group in position C-3 of the steroid skeleton, and a saturated bond in position 5-6 of the B ring. See also: Saw Palmetto (part of). D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68422 - Saturated Phytosterol D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2]. Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2].

Anagyrine

C15H20N2O (244.1576)

Anagyrine is an alkaloid. Anagyrine is a natural product found in Daphniphyllum oldhamii, Ormosia fordiana, and other organisms with data available. Thermospine is a natural product found in Platycelyphium voense, Thermopsis mongolica, and other organisms with data available. Thermopsine is a quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from the fruits and pods and stem bark of Sophora velutina subsp. Thermopsine has antibacterial activity[1].

D-Malic acid

C4H6O5 (134.0215)

(R)-malic acid is an optically active form of malic acid having (R)-configuration. It is a conjugate acid of a (R)-malate(2-). It is an enantiomer of a (S)-malic acid. (R)-Malate is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). D-malate is a natural product found in Vaccinium macrocarpon, Pogostemon cablin, and other organisms with data available. D-Malic acid is found in herbs and spices. This enantiomer of rare occurrence; reported from fruits and leaves of Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle) although there are many more isolations of malic acid with no opt. rotn. given and some may be of the R-for An optically active form of malic acid having (R)-configuration. COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. D-(+)-Malic acid (D-Malic acid), an active enantiomer of Malic acid, is a competitive inhibitor of L(--)malic acid transport[1]. D-(+)-Malic acid (D-Malic acid), an active enantiomer of Malic acid, is a competitive inhibitor of L(--)malic acid transport[1].

Isonicotinic acid

C6H5NO2 (123.032)

Isonicotinic acid is a pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is at position 4 of the pyridine ring. It has a role as a human metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of an isonicotinate. Isonicotinic acid is a natural product found in Aloe africana, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and other organisms with data available. Heterocyclic acids that are derivatives of 4-pyridinecarboxylic acid (isonicotinic acid). Isonicotinic acid is a metabolite of isoniazid. Isonicotinic acid is an organic compound with a carboxyl group on a pyridine ring. It is an isomer of nicotinic acid. The carboxyl group for isonicotinic acid is on the 4-position instead of the 3-position for nicotinic acid (Wikipedia). A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is at position 4 of the pyridine ring. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID I017 Isonicotinic acid is a metabolite of Isoniazid. Isoniazid is converted to Isonicotinic acid by hydrazinolysis, with the Isoniazid to Isonicotinic acid biotransformation also to be catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, e.g., CYP2C[1].

hinesol

C15H26O (222.1984)

Hinesol is a sesquiterpenoid. (-)-Hinesol is a natural product found in Psidium guajava, Cistus creticus, and other organisms with data available.

Cedorol

C15H26O (222.1984)

Cedrol, also known as alpha-cedrol or (+)-cedrol, is a member of the class of compounds known as cedrane and isocedrane sesquiterpenoids. Cedrane and isocedrane sesquiterpenoids are sesquiternoids with a structure based on the cedrane or the isocedrane skeleton. Cedrane is a tricyclic molecules a 3,6,8,8-tetramethyl-1H-3a,7-methano-azulene moiety. Isocedrane is a rearranged cedrane arising from the migration of methyl group moved from the 6-position to the 4-position. Thus, cedrol is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Cedrol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Cedrol can be found in ginger, which makes cedrol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Cedrol is a sesquiterpene alcohol found in the essential oil of conifers (cedar oil), especially in the genera Cupressus (cypress) and Juniperus (juniper). It has also been identified in Origanum onites, a plant related to oregano. Its main uses are in the chemistry of aroma compounds. It makes up about 19\\\\% of cedarwood oil Texas and 15.8\\\\% of cedarwood oil Virginia . Cedrol is a bioactive sesquiterpene, a potent competitive inhibitor of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes. Cedrol inhibits CYP2B6-mediated bupropion hydroxylase and CYP3A4-mediated midazolam hydroxylation with Ki of 0.9 μM and 3.4 μM, respectively. Cedrol also has weak inhibitory effect on CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 enzymes[1]. Cedrol is found in cedar essential oil and poetesses anti-septic, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, tonic, astringent, diuretic, insecticidal, and anti-fungal activities[2]. Cedrol is a bioactive sesquiterpene, a potent competitive inhibitor of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes. Cedrol inhibits CYP2B6-mediated bupropion hydroxylase and CYP3A4-mediated midazolam hydroxylation with Ki of 0.9 μM and 3.4 μM, respectively. Cedrol also has weak inhibitory effect on CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 enzymes[1]. Cedrol is found in cedar essential oil and poetesses anti-septic, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, tonic, astringent, diuretic, insecticidal, and anti-fungal activities[2].

MethylophiopogononeB

C19H18O5 (326.1154)

Methylophiopogonone B is a homoisoflavonoid that is 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, methyl groups at positions 6 and 8 and a (4-methoxyphenyl)methyl group at position 3 respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a homoisoflavonoid, a member of resorcinols and a monomethoxybenzene. Methylophiopogonone B is a natural product found in Ophiopogon japonicus with data available. A homoisoflavonoid that is 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, methyl groups at positions 6 and 8 and a (4-methoxyphenyl)methyl group at position 3 respectively. Methylophiopogonone B, a homoisoflavonoidal compound that could be isolated from Ophiopogonis Tiber, could scavenge ?OH and H2O2 in vitro to a certain extent[1][2]. Methylophiopogonone B, a homoisoflavonoidal compound that could be isolated from Ophiopogonis Tiber, could scavenge ?OH and H2O2 in vitro to a certain extent[1][2].

Neocnidolide

C12H18O2 (194.1307)

Neocnidolide, also known as neocnidilide, cis-(-)-isomer or sedanolide, is a member of the class of compounds known as isobenzofurans. Isobenzofurans are organic aromatic compounds containing an isobenzofuran moiety. Neocnidolide is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Neocnidolide can be found in dill, which makes neocnidolide a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Neocnidilide is a gamma-lactone. Neocnidilide is a natural product found in Petroselinum crispum and Apium graveolens with data available.

Cyperotundone

C15H22O (218.1671)

Cyperotundone is a sesquiterpenoid. 4,10,11,11-Tetramethyltricyclo[5.3.1.0^{1,5}]undec-4-en-3-one is a natural product found in Cyperus with data available.

Pinobanksin

C15H12O5 (272.0685)

Pinobanksin is a trihydroxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 3, 5 and 7. It has a role as an antimutagen, an antioxidant and a metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavanone and a secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone. Pinobanksin is a natural product found in Populus koreana, Ozothamnus stirlingii, and other organisms with data available. Pinobanksin has apoptotic induction in a B-cell lymphoma cell line[1].

Sophoramine

C15H20N2O (244.1576)

Sophoramine is a naphthyridine derivative. Sophoramine is a natural product found in Sophora viciifolia, Sophora pachycarpa, and other organisms with data available.

Liriodenine

C17H9NO3 (275.0582)

Liriodenine is an oxoaporphine alkaloid that is 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydronoraporphin-7-one substituted by a methylenedioxy group across positions 1 and 2. It is isolated from Annona glabra and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. It has a role as a metabolite, an antineoplastic agent, an antimicrobial agent, an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor and an antifungal agent. It is a cyclic ketone, an oxacycle, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an alkaloid antibiotic and an oxoaporphine alkaloid. It is functionally related to an aporphine. Liriodenine is a natural product found in Magnolia mexicana, Annona purpurea, and other organisms with data available. Liriodenine, also known as oxoushinsunine or micheline b, is a member of the class of compounds known as aporphines. Aporphines are quinoline alkaloids containing the dibenzo[de,g]quinoline ring system or a dehydrogenated derivative thereof. Liriodenine is practically insoluble (in water) and a strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Liriodenine can be found in cherimoya and custard apple, which makes liriodenine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Liriodenine is a bio-active isolate of the Chinese medicinal herb Zanthoxylum nitidum .

Coclaurine

C17H19NO3 (285.1365)

(S)-coclaurine is the (S)-enantiomer of coclaurine. It is a conjugate base of a (S)-coclaurinium. It is an enantiomer of a (R)-coclaurine. Coclaurine is a natural product found in Delphinium pentagynum, Damburneya salicifolia, and other organisms with data available. Coclaurine, also known as (r,s)-coclaurine or machiline, is a member of the class of compounds known as benzylisoquinolines. Benzylisoquinolines are organic compounds containing an isoquinoline to which a benzyl group is attached. Coclaurine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Coclaurine can be found in custard apple and soursop, which makes coclaurine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Coclaurine is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist which has been isolated from a variety of plant sources including Nelumbo nucifera, Sarcopetalum harveyanum, Ocotea duckei, and others. It belongs to the class of tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids. Dimerization of coclaurine leads to the biscoclaurine alkaloids such as cepharanthine .

Picrocrocin

C16H26O7 (330.1678)

Picrocrocin is a glycoside formed from glucose and safranal. It is found in the spice saffron, which comes from the crocus flower. Picrocrocin has a bitter taste and is the chemical most responsible for the taste of saffron. It is believed that picrocrocin is a degradation product of the carotenoid zeaxanthin (Wikipedia). Picrocrocin is a beta-D-glucoside of beta-cyclocitral; the precursor of safranal. It is the compound most responsible for the bitter taste of saffron. It is functionally related to a beta-cyclocitral. Picrocrocin is a natural product found in Crocus tommasinianus, Crocus sativus, and Crocus vernus with data available. Isolated from saffron (stamens of Crocus sativus). Food colour and flavouring ingredient Picrocrocin, an apocarotenoid found in Saffron. Picrocrocin shows anticancer effect. Picrocrocin exhibits growth inhibitory effects against SKMEL-2 human malignant melanoma cells[1]. Picrocrocin, an apocarotenoid found in Saffron. Picrocrocin shows anticancer effect. Picrocrocin exhibits growth inhibitory effects against SKMEL-2 human malignant melanoma cells[1].

Calenduloside E

C36H56O9 (632.3924)

Oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucosiduronic acid is a beta-D-glucosiduronic acid. It is functionally related to an oleanolic acid. Calenduloside E is a natural product found in Anredera baselloides, Polyscias scutellaria, and other organisms with data available. See also: Calendula Officinalis Flower (part of). Constituent of Calendula officinalis (pot marigold), Beta vulgaris (sugar beet) and Momordica cochinchinensis (Chinese cucumber). Oleanolic acid 3-glucuronide is found in common beet, green vegetables, and root vegetables. Calenduloside E is found in common beet. Calenduloside E is a constituent of Calendula officinalis (pot marigold), Beta vulgaris (sugar beet) and Momordica cochinchinensis (Chinese cucumber). Calenduloside E (CE) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin extracted from Aralia elata. Calenduloside E (CE) has anti-apoptotic potent by targeting heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)[1]. Calenduloside E (CE) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin extracted from Aralia elata. Calenduloside E (CE) has anti-apoptotic potent by targeting heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)[1].

5-O-Methylvisamminol

C16H18O5 (290.1154)

5-O-Methylvisamminol is an oxacycle and an organic heterotricyclic compound. 5-O-Methylvisamminol is a natural product found in Saposhnikovia divaricata, Angelica japonica, and Prionosciadium thapsoides with data available. 5-O-Methylvisamminol, a (furo) chromone identified in the extract of T. glauca, has a limited occurrence in the plant kingdom. 5-O-Methylvisamminol is useful in (chemical) phylogeny and is a possible excellent chemotaxonomic marker (family and/or subfamily level) for Apiaceae[1]. 5-O-Methylvisamminol, a (furo) chromone identified in the extract of T. glauca, has a limited occurrence in the plant kingdom. 5-O-Methylvisamminol is useful in (chemical) phylogeny and is a possible excellent chemotaxonomic marker (family and/or subfamily level) for Apiaceae[1].

Solanidine

C27H43NO (397.3344)

Solanidine is a steroid alkaloid fundamental parent, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid and a solanid-5-en-3-ol. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a toxin. It is a conjugate base of a solanidine(1+). Solanidine is a natural product found in Fritillaria delavayi, Fritillaria tortifolia, and other organisms with data available. Alkaloid from potato (Solanum tuberosum). Glycosides, (especies Solanines and chaconine) are trace toxic constits. of potato tubers (especies greened tubers), and interbreeding of potatoes with wild strains may increase their concn. or introduce other more toxic, solanidine glycosides Solanidine is a steroidal alkaloid, and its glycosides have been reported to have caused poisoning in man and animals. Solanidine is present in sera of healthy individuals and in amounts dependent on their dietary potato consumption. (PMID: 4007882). Solanidine is a cholestane alkaloid isolated from several potato species including Solanum demissum, Solanum acaule, and Solanum tuberosum. Solanidine can inhibit proliferation and exhibit obvious antitumor effect[1]. Solanidine is a cholestane alkaloid isolated from several potato species including Solanum demissum, Solanum acaule, and Solanum tuberosum. Solanidine can inhibit proliferation and exhibit obvious antitumor effect[1].

Gardoside

C16H22O10 (374.1213)

Gardoside is a glycoside. Gardoside is a natural product found in Plantago atrata, Gardenia jasminoides, and other organisms with data available.

Lauric aldehyde

C12H24O (184.1827)

Dodecanal is a long-chain fatty aldehyde that is dodecane in which two hydrogens attached to a terminal carbon are replaced by an oxo group. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a 2,3-saturated fatty aldehyde, a medium-chain fatty aldehyde and a long-chain fatty aldehyde. It derives from a hydride of a dodecane. Dodecanal is a natural product found in Mikania cordifolia, Zingiber mioga, and other organisms with data available. Occurs in peel oil from Citrus subspecies and kumquatand is also present in ginger, coriander, chervil and scallop. Flavouring agent. Lauric aldehyde is found in many foods, some of which are mollusks, rocket salad (sspecies), sweet orange, and fruits. Lauric aldehyde is found in citrus. Lauric aldehyde occurs in peel oil from Citrus species and kumquat. Also present in ginger, coriander, chervil and scallop. Lauric aldehyde is a flavouring agent. A long-chain fatty aldehyde that is dodecane in which two hydrogens attached to a terminal carbon are replaced by an oxo group.

Acridone

C13H9NO (195.0684)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2310 Acridone is an organic compound based on the acridine skeleton. Acridone has antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral and anti neoplastic activities[1]. Acridone is an organic compound based on the acridine skeleton. Acridone has antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral and anti neoplastic activities[1].

2',4',6'-Trihydroxyacetophenone

C8H8O4 (168.0423)

2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone is a benzenetriol that is acetophenone in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 6 on the phenyl group are replaced by hydroxy groups. It is used as a matrix in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of acidic glycans and glycopeptides. It has a role as a MALDI matrix material and a plant metabolite. It is a methyl ketone, a benzenetriol and an aromatic ketone. 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone is a natural product found in Artemisia gypsacea, Daldinia eschscholtzii, and other organisms with data available. A benzenetriol that is acetophenone in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 6 on the phenyl group are replaced by hydroxy groups. It is used as a matrix in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of acidic glycans and glycopeptides. 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone is found in fruits. 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone is isolated from bark of Prunus domestica (plum Phloracetophenone (2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone) is the aglycone part of acetophenone glycoside obtained from Curcuma comosa Roxb, with cholesterol-lowering activity. Phloracetophenone enhances cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity[1]. Phloracetophenone stimulats bile secretion mediated through Mrp2[2]. Phloracetophenone (2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone) is the aglycone part of acetophenone glycoside obtained from Curcuma comosa Roxb, with cholesterol-lowering activity. Phloracetophenone enhances cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity[1]. Phloracetophenone stimulats bile secretion mediated through Mrp2[2].

Ethyl cinnamate

C11H12O2 (176.0837)

Occurs in storaxand is also present in many fruits, e.g. cherry, American cranberry, pineapple, blackberry and passion fruit. Ethyl cinnamate is found in many foods, some of which are corn, tarragon, tamarind, and ceylon cinnamon. Ethyl cinnamate is an alkyl cinnamate and an ethyl ester. Ethyl cinnamate is a natural product found in Hedychium spicatum, Cinnamomum verum, and other organisms with data available. Ethyl cinnamate is found in ceylan cinnamon. Ethyl cinnamate occurs in storax. Also present in many fruits, e.g. cherry, American cranberry, pineapple, blackberry and passion fruit. Ethyl cinnamate is a fragrance ingredient used in many fragrance compounds. Ethyl cinnamate is a food flavor and additive for cosmetic products. Ethyl cinnamate is also an excellent clearing reagent for mammalian tissues[1][2]. Ethyl cinnamate is a fragrance ingredient used in many fragrance compounds. Ethyl cinnamate is a food flavor and additive for cosmetic products. Ethyl cinnamate is also an excellent clearing reagent for mammalian tissues[1][2].

Dimethenamid

C12H18ClNO2S (275.0747)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 586; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9010; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9009 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 586; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9035; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9034 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 586; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9091; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9090 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 586; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9115; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9111 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 586; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9100; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9097 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 586; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9054; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9052 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 3391 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8390 D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Epoxiconazole

C17H13ClFN3O (329.0731)

D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 238; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9422; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9420 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 238; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9436; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9433 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 238; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9461; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9459 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 238; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9474; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9472 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 238; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9445; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9444 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 238; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9488; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9486 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2574 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8407 CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 95

BAS 490 F

C18H19NO4 (313.1314)

D010575 - Pesticides > D005659 - Fungicides, Industrial > D000073739 - Strobilurins D016573 - Agrochemicals CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 154 Kresoxim-methyl (BAS 490 F), a Strobilurin-based fungicide, inhibits the respiration at the complex III (cytochrome bc1 complex). Kresoxim-methyl binds to complex III from yeast with an apparent Kd of 0.07 μM proving a high affinity for this enzyme[1][2].

Pirimicarb

C11H18N4O2 (238.143)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6664; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6663 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX499; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6584; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6582 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6632; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6631 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6671; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6669 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6662; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6661 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX499; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6612; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6610 C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 2711 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8417 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 4039 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2577 D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides KEIO_ID P177; [MS3] KO009152 KEIO_ID P177; [MS3] KO009153 KEIO_ID P177; [MS2] KO009151 D016573 - Agrochemicals KEIO_ID P177

1-Methyluric acid

C6H6N4O3 (182.044)

1-Methyluric acid is one of the three main theophylline metabolites in man. 1-Methyluric acid is one of the purine components in urinary calculi. Methylated purines originate from the metabolism of methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline and theobromine). Methyluric acids are indistinguishable from uric acid by simple methods routinely used in clinical laboratories, requiring the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Purine derivatives in urinary calculi could be considered markers of abnormal purine metabolism. The content of a purine derivative in stone depends on its average urinary excretion in the general population, similarity to the chemical structure of uric acid, and content of the latter in stone. This suggests that purines in stones represent a solid solution with uric acid as solvent. It is also plausible that methylxanthines, ubiquitous components of the diet and drugs, are involved in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis. Caffeine is metabolized via successive pathways mainly catalyzed by CYP1A2, xanthine oxidase or N-acetyltransferase-2 to give 14 different metabolites. CYP1A2 activity shows an inter-individual variability among the population. CYP1A2, an isoform of the CYP1A cytochrome P450 super-family, is involved in the metabolism of many drugs and plays a potentially important role in the induction of chemical carcinogenesis. (PMID: 11712316, 15833286, 3506820, 15013152, 4039734, 9890610) [HMDB] 1-Methyluric acid is one of the three main theophylline metabolites in man. 1-Methyluric acid is one of the purine components in urinary calculi. Methylated purines originate from the metabolism of methylxanthines (caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine). Methyluric acids can be distinguished from uric acid via simple methods routinely used in clinical laboratories, requiring the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Purine derivatives in urinary calculi could be considered markers of abnormal purine metabolism. The content of a purine derivative in stone depends on its average urinary excretion in the general population, similarity to the chemical structure of uric acid, and content of the latter in stone. This suggests that purines in stones represent a solid solution with uric acid as solvent. It is also plausible that methylxanthines, ubiquitous components of the diet and drugs, are involved in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis. Caffeine is metabolized via successive pathways mainly catalyzed by CYP1A2, xanthine oxidase, or N-acetyltransferase-2 to give 14 different metabolites. CYP1A2 activity shows an inter-individual variability among the population. CYP1A2, an isoform of the CYP1A cytochrome P450 superfamily, is involved in the metabolism of many drugs and plays a potentially important role in the induction of chemical carcinogenesis (PMID:11712316, 15833286, 3506820, 15013152, 4039734, 9890610).

2-Methoxyestrone

C19H24O3 (300.1725)

2-Methoxyestrone (or 2-ME1) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as estrogens and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure containing a 3-hydroxylated estrane. Thus, 2-methoxyestrone is considered to be a steroid or steroid derivative. It is a by-product of estrone and 2-hydroxyestrone metabolism and has been detected in all mammals. More specifically, 2-methoxyestrone is an endogenous, naturally occurring methoxylated catechol estrogen and a metabolite of estrone that is formed by catechol O-methyltransferase via the intermediate 2-hydroxyestrone. 2-Methoxyestrone is part of the androgen and estrogen metabolic pathway. The acid ionization constant (pKa) of 2-methoxyestrone has been determined to be 10.81 (PMID: 516114). 2-Methoxyestrone can be metabolized to a sulfated derivative (2-methoxyestrone 3-sulfate) via steroid sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.15). It can also be glucuronidated to 2-methoxyestrone 3-glucuronide by UDP glucuronosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.17). Unlike estrone but similarly to 2-hydroxyestrone and 2-methoxyestradiol, 2-methoxyestrone has very low affinity for the estrogen receptor and lacks significant estrogenic activity (PMID: 10865186). 2-methoxyestrone is a steroid derivative that is a byproduct of estrone and 2-hydroxyestrone metabolism. It is part of the androgen and estrogen metabolic pathway. The acid ionization constant (pKa) of 2-methoxyestrone is 10.81 (PMID: 516114). 2-Methoxyestrone can be metabolized to a sulfated derivative (2-Methoxyestrone 3-sulfate) via steroid sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.15). It can also be glucuronidated to 2-Methoxyestrone 3-glucuronide by UDP glucuronosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.17). [HMDB] C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones 2-Methoxyestrone is a methoxylated catechol estrogen and metabolite of estrone, with a pKa of 10.81.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol

C8H10O4 (170.0579)

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol, also known as DHPG or DOPEG, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as catechols. Catechols are compounds containing a 1,2-benzenediol moiety. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. It is a potent antioxidant (PMID: 30007612). In mammals, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol is the primary metabolite of norepinephrine and is generated through the action of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). DHPG is then further metabolized by the enzyme Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) to 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG). Within humans, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol can be biosynthesized from 3,4-dihydroxymandelaldehyde; which is mediated by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase 1A. In addition, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol and guaiacol can be converted into vanylglycol and pyrocatechol through its interaction with the enzyme catechol O-methyltransferase. Outside of the human body, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol is found, on average, in the highest concentration in olives. High levels of DHPG (up to 368 mg/kg of dry weight) have been found in the pulp of natural black olives. This could make 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol a potential biomarker for the consumption of olives and olive oil. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol has been linked to Menkes disease (PMID: 19234788). DHPG level are lower in Menkes patients (3.57 ± 0.40 nM) than healthy infants 8.91 ± 0.77 nM). Menkes disease (also called “kinky hair disease”) is an X-linked recessive neurodevelopmental disorder caused by defects in a gene that encodes a copper-transporting ATPase (ATP7A). Affected infants typically appear healthy at birth and show normal neurodevelopment for 2-3 months. Subsequently there is loss of milestones (e.g., smiling, visual tracking, head control) and death in late infancy or childhood (PMID: 19234788). 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol (DOPEG) is a normal norepinephrine metabolite present in CSF, plasma and urine in humans (PMID 6875564). In healthy individuals there is a tendency for free DOPEG to increase and for conjugated DOPEG to decrease with age; plasmatic DOPEG levels are significantly lower in depressed patients as compared to healthy controls (PMID 6671452). DL-1-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-1,2-ethanediol is found in olive. 4-(1,2-Dihydroxyethyl)benzene-1,2-diol, a normal norepinephrine metabolite, is found to be associated with Menkes syndrome.

4-Ethylphenol

C8H10O (122.0732)

4-Ethylphenol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1-hydroxy-4-alkyl benzenoids. These are phenols that are substituted by an alkyl group at the para-position. 4-Ethylphenol exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. 4-Ethylphenol is an alcohol tasting compound. 4-Ethylphenol has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as arabica coffee, beers, corns, milk (cow), and red raspberries. 4-Ethylphenol is a potentially toxic compound, capable of producing respiratory distress, cardiovascular collapse, shock, ventricular tachycardia, and coma in an adult. Liver, lung, central nervous system and renal injury may also occur. In case of exposure to eyes, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. Monitor for respiratory distress in case of inhalation exposure. Systemic manifestations of toxicity may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dyspnea, tachypnea, pallor, and profuse sweating. 4-Ethylphenol (4-EP) is a phenolic compound produced in wine and beer by the spoilage yeast Brettanomyces. 4-Ethylphenol is found in many foods, some of which are red raspberry, beer, arabica coffee, and corn. 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine.

5-Methoxyindoleacetate

C11H11NO3 (205.0739)

5-Methoxyindoleacetate, also known as 5-methoxy-IAA or 5-MIAA, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indole-3-acetic acid derivatives. Indole-3-acetic acid derivatives are compounds containing an acetic acid (or a derivative) linked to the C3 carbon atom of an indole. 5-Methoxyindoleacetic acid is formed through oxidative deamination. It is identified in the urine, and the concentration is determined to be 1.3 µg/mL using GC-MS (PMID: 12908946). An increase in urinary 5-MIAA excretion was shown in patients with cancer of the stomach, rectum, and lung (PMID: 2446428). D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D007210 - Indoleacetic Acids 5-methoxyindoleacetic acid(5-MIAA) is formed through oxidative deamination. COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank KEIO_ID M078; [MS2] KO009067 KEIO_ID M078 Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 5-Methoxyindole-3-acetic acid is a metabolite of Melatonin[1].

Dethiobiotin

C10H18N2O3 (214.1317)

Dethiobiotin is a synthetic metabolite that mimic the effects of biotin on gene expression and thus have biotin-like activities. In mammals, biotin serves as a coenzyme for carboxylases such as propionyl-CoA carboxylase. (PMID 12730407) [HMDB]. Dethiobiotin is found in many foods, some of which are agave, garden onion, lime, and black mulberry. Dethiobiotin is a synthetic metabolite that mimic the effects of biotin on gene expression and thus have biotin-like activities. In mammals, biotin serves as a coenzyme for carboxylases such as propionyl-CoA carboxylase. (PMID 12730407). D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D050258 - Mitosis Modulators > D008934 - Mitogens KEIO_ID D075; [MS3] KO009104 KEIO_ID D075; [MS2] KO009103 KEIO_ID D075 D-Desthiobiotin is a biotin derivative used in affinity chromatography and protein chromatography. D-Desthiobiotin also can be used for protein and cell labeling, detection and isolation[1].

Glycerate

C3H6O4 (106.0266)

Glyceric acid is a colourless syrupy acid, obtained from oxidation of glycerol. It is a compound that is secreted excessively in the urine by patients suffering from D-glyceric aciduria, an inborn error of metabolism, and D-glycerate anemia. Deficiency of human glycerate kinase leads to D-glycerate acidemia/D-glyceric aciduria. Symptoms of the disease include progressive neurological impairment, hypotonia, seizures, failure to thrive, and metabolic acidosis. At sufficiently high levels, glyceric acid can act as an acidogen and a metabotoxin. An acidogen is an acidic compound that induces acidosis, which has multiple adverse effects on many organ systems. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Glyceric acid is an organic acid. Abnormally high levels of organic acids in the blood (organic acidemia), urine (organic aciduria), the brain, and other tissues lead to general metabolic acidosis. Acidosis typically occurs when arterial pH falls below 7.35. In infants with acidosis, the initial symptoms include poor feeding, vomiting, loss of appetite, weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and lack of energy (lethargy). These can progress to heart abnormalities, seizures, coma, and possibly death. These are also the characteristic symptoms of untreated glyceric aciduria. Many affected children with organic acidemias experience intellectual disability or delayed development. In adults, acidosis or acidemia is characterized by headaches, confusion, feeling tired, tremors, sleepiness, and seizures. Elevated values may also be due to microbial sources such as yeast (Aspergillus, Penicillium, probably Candida) or due to dietary sources containing glycerol (glycerine). Glyceric acid is isolated from various plants (e.g. brassicas, pulses, and Vicia faba). A colorless syrupy acid, obtained from oxidation of glycerol. It is a compound that is secreted excessively in the urine by patients suffering from D-glyceric aciduria and D-glycerate anemia. Deficiency of human glycerate kinase leads to D-glycerate acidemia/D-glyceric aciduria. Symptoms of the disease include progressive neurological impairment, hypotonia, seizures, failure to thrive and metabolic acidosis.; Glyceric acid is a natural three-carbon sugar acid. Salts and esters of glyceric acid are known as glycerates. Glyceric acid is found in many foods, some of which are peanut, common grape, garden tomato (variety), and french plantain. Glyceric acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=473-81-4 (retrieved 2024-06-29) (CAS RN: 473-81-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Metanephrine

C10H15NO3 (197.1052)

Metanephrine is a metabolite of epinephrine created by action of catechol O-methyltransferase on epinephrine. Technically it is a product of epinephrine O-methylation. It is a commonly occurring, pharmacologically and physiologically inactive metabolite of epinephrine. The measurement of plasma free metanephrines is considered to be the best tool in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, a rare kind of adrenal medullary neoplasm. In adrenal chromaffin cells, leakage of norepinephrine and epinephrine from storage granules leads to substantial intracellular production of the O-methylated metabolite metanephrine. In fact, the adrenals constitute the single largest source out of any organ system including the liver for circulating metanephrine. In humans, about 93 percent of circulating metanephrine is derived from catecholamines metabolized within adrenal chromaffin cells. (PMID 15317907). Metanephrine is a metabolite of epinephrine created by action of catechol O-methyltransferase on epinephrine. Technically it is a product of epinephrine O-methylation. It is a commonly occurring, pharmacologically and physiologically inactive metabolite of epinephrine. The measurement of plasma free metanephrines is considered to be the best tool in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, a rare kind of adrenal medullary neoplasm.

Glycylleucine

C8H16N2O3 (188.1161)

Glycylleucine is a dipeptide composed of glycine and leucine. It is an incomplete breakdown product of protein digestion or protein catabolism. Some dipeptides are known to have physiological or cell-signaling effects although most are simply short-lived intermediates on their way to specific amino acid degradation pathways following further proteolysis. It appears to be a common substrate for glycyl-leucine dipeptidase. A dipeptide that appears to be a common substrate for glycyl-leucine dipeptidase. [HMDB] KEIO_ID G071 Glycyl-l-leucine is a dipeptide that can be a common substrate for?glycyl-leucine?dipeptidase.

N-Acetylputrescine

C6H14N2O (130.1106)

N-Acetylputrescine is a polyamine commonly occurring excreted in normal human urine (PMID 7775374). N-Acetylputrescine is the most abundant of all polyamines both in normal individuals and in patients with leukemia (PMID 9464484). N-Acetylputrescine is the N-acetylated form of the naturally occurring polyamine called putrescine. The N-acetylation is mediated by the enzyme diamine N-acetyltransferase. Putrescine is related to cadaverine (another polyamine). Both are produced by the breakdown of amino acids in living and dead organisms and both are toxic in large doses. Putrescine and cadaverine are largely responsible for the foul odor of putrefying flesh, but also contribute to the odor of such processes as bad breath and bacterial vaginosis. Putrescine is also found in semen. Putrescine attacks s-adenosyl methionine and converts it to spermidine. Spermidine in turn attacks another s-adenosyl methionine and converts it to spermine. Putrescine is synthesized in small quantities by healthy living cells by the action of ornithine decarboxylase. N-Acetylputrescine can be found in Corynebacterium as well (PMID:25919117). N-Acetylputrescine is a polyamine commonly occurring excreted in normal human urine (PMID 7775374). N-Acetylputrescine is the most abundant of all polyamines both in normal individuals and in patients with leukemia (PMID 9464484). N-Acetylputrescine is the N-acetylated form of the naturally occurring polyamine called putrescine. The N-acetylation is mediated by the enzyme diamine N-acetyltransferase. Putrescine is related to cadaverine (another polyamine). Both are produced by the breakdown of amino acids in living and dead organisms and both are toxic in large doses. Putrescine and cadaverine are largely responsible for the foul odor of putrefying flesh, but also contribute to the odor of such processes as bad breath and bacterial vaginosis. Putrescine is also found in semen. Putrescine attacks s-adenosyl methionine and converts it to spermidine. Spermidine in turn attacks another s-adenosyl methionine and converts it to spermine. Putrescine is synthesized in small quantities by healthy living cells by the action of ornithine decarboxylase. [HMDB] Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID A051

Salicyluric acid

C9H9NO4 (195.0532)

Salicyluric acid is an aryl glycine conjugate formed by the body to eliminate excess salicylates, including aspirin. Aspirin is rapidly hydrolysed to salicylic acid which is further metabolized to various compounds, including salicyluric acid (SU) as well as various acyl and phenolic glucuronides, and hydroxylated metabolites. SU is the major metabolite of SA excreted in urine and it is present in the urine of people who have not taken salicylate drugs, although it has no anti-inflammatory effects in humans or in animals. More salicyluric acid (SU) is excreted in the urine of vegetarians than in non-vegetarians, primarily because fruits and vegetables are important sources of dietary salicylates. However, significantly less (10-15X) SU is excreted by vegetarians than individuals taking low-dose aspirin (PMID: 12944546). The induction of the salicyluric acid formation is one of the saturable pathways of salicylate elimination. The formation of the methyl ester of salicyluric acid is observed during the quantitation of salicyluric acid and other salicylate metabolites in urine by high-pressure liquid chromatography. This methyl ester formation causes artificially low values for salicyluric acid and high values for salicylic acid. (PMID: 6101164, 6857178). Salicyluric acid has been found to be a microbial metabolite. Constituent of milk KEIO_ID H028 Salicyluric acid is an endogenous metabolite.

Boldenon

C19H26O2 (286.1933)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D045930 - Anabolic Agents C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C2360 - Anabolic Steroid Same as: D07536 Origin: Animal; SubCategory_DNP: The sterols, Androstanes

Xanthurenic acid

C10H7NO4 (205.0375)

Xanthurenic acid, also known as xanthurenate or 8-hydroxykynurenic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as quinoline carboxylic acids. Quinoline carboxylic acids are quinolines in which the quinoline ring system is substituted by a carboxyl group at one or more positions. Xanthurenic acid is slightly soluble (in water). Xanthurenic acid can be found primarily in blood, feces, and urine, as well as in human epidermis tissue. Within the cell, xanthurenic acid is primarily located in the membrane. Xanthurenic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. In humans, xanthurenic acid is involved in the tryptophan metabolism. Moreover, xanthurenic acid is found to be associated with citrullinemia type I, which is an inborn error of metabolism. Xanthurenic acid is a metabolite from tryptophan catabolism. It is a substrate of the enzyme methyltransferases (EC 2.1.1.-) in pathway tryptophan metabolism (KEGG). Xanthurenic acid is a metabolite from tryptophan catabolism. It is a substrate of the enzyme methyltransferases [EC 2.1.1.-] in pathway tryptophan metabolism (KEGG). [HMDB] D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_neg_40eV_1-5_01_737.txt [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_neg_50eV_1-5_01_738.txt [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_neg_10eV_1-5_01_734.txt [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_neg_30eV_1-5_01_736.txt [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_pos_40eV_1-5_01_684.txt [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_pos_50eV_1-5_01_685.txt [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_pos_30eV_1-5_01_683.txt [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_pos_10eV_1-5_01_681.txt [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_pos_20eV_1-5_01_682.txt [Raw Data] CBA13_Xanthurenic-aci_neg_20eV_1-5_01_735.txt Xanthurenic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=59-00-7 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 59-00-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus. Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.

6-Chloro-N-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

C6H10ClN5 (187.0625)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1296; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 7123; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 7121 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1296; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 7114; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 7112 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1296; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 7136; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 7132 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1296; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 7127; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 7125 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1296; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 7139; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 7137 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1296; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 7129; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 7127 6-Chloro-N-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine is a major soil metabolite of Atrazine DKW85-F. Environmental pollutant of soil and water. Major soil metabolite of Atrazine DKW85-F. Environmental pollutant of soil and water. CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 309 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 4025 INTERNAL_ID 3016; CONFIDENCE standard compound CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8408 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 3016 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2537

Hexaconazole

C14H17Cl2N3O (313.0749)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1269; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9950; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9948 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1269; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9938; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9937 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1269; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9900; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9899 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1269; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9947; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9942 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1269; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9912; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9911 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1269; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9988; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9986

Tetrachlorvinphos

C10H9Cl4O4P (363.8993)

D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 497; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9564; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9561 ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9569; CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 497; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9571 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 497; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9637; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9633 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 497; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9615; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9613 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 497; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9571; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9569 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 497; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9608; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9606 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 497; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9523; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9519

1-Methyladenine

C6H7N5 (149.0701)

1-Methyladenine is the product of reaction between 1-methyladenosine and water which is catalyzed by 1-methyladenosine nucleosidase (EC:3.2.2.13). 1-Methyladenine is a product of alkylation damage in DNA which can be repaired by damage reversal by oxidative demethylation, a reaction requiring ferrous iron and 2-oxoglutarate as cofactor and co-substrate, respectively (PMID:15576352). 1-Methyladenine is found to be associated with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. 1-Methyladenine is the product of reaction between 1-methyladenosine and water which is catalyzed by 1-methyladenosine nucleosidase. (EC:3.2.2.13) KEIO_ID M074

6-Methylmercaptopurine

C6H6N4S (166.0313)

6-Methylmercaptopurine is a metabolite of mercaptopurine. Mercaptopurine (also called 6-mercaptopurine, 6-MP or its brand name Purinethol) is an immunosuppressive drug. It is a thiopurine. (Wikipedia) KEIO_ID M104

Clofenvinfos

C12H14Cl3O4P (357.9695)

D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D010575 - Pesticides > D056810 - Acaricides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals

N-acetylneuraminate

C11H19NO9 (309.106)

Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID A018; [MS2] KO008824 KEIO_ID A018 N-Acetylneuraminic acid is a sialic acid monosaccharide ubiquitous on cell membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids of mammalian cell ganglioglycerides, which plays a biological role in neurotransmission, leukocyte vasodilation, and viral or bacterial infection.

Suberic acid

C8H14O4 (174.0892)

Suberic acid, also octanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H12(COOH)2. It is present in the urine of patients with fatty acid oxidation disorders (PMID 10404733). A metabolic breakdown product derived from oleic acid. Elevated levels of this unstaruated dicarboxylic acid are found in individuals with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD). Suberic acid is also found to be associated with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency, which are also inborn errors of metabolism. Isolated from the roots of Phaseolus vulgaris (kidney bean) CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 153 KEIO_ID S013 Suberic acid (Octanedioic acid) is found to be associated with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency. Suberic acid (Octanedioic acid) is found to be associated with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency.

M-Coumaric acid

C9H8O3 (164.0473)

m-Coumaric acid, also known as 3-coumarate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxycinnamic acids. Hydroxycinnamic acids are compounds containing an cinnamic acid where the benzene ring is hydroxylated. m-Coumaric acid exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. m-Coumaric acid (CAS: 588-30-7) is a polyphenol metabolite from caffeic acid, formed by the gut microflora. Outside of the human body, m-Coumaric acid is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as olives, corns, and beers. m-Coumaric acid has also been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as carrots, strawberries, grape wines, garden tomato, and bilberries. MCT-mediated absorption of phenolic compounds per se and their colonic metabolites would exert a significant impact on human health (PMID:16870009, 15479001, 15479001). m-Coumaric acid is transported by the monocarboxylic acid transporter (MCT). The amount of this compound in human biofluids is diet-dependant. m-Coumaric acid is detected after the consumption of whole grain. Coumaric acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid, an organic compound that is a hydroxy derivative of cinnamic acid. There are three isomers, o-coumaric acid, m-coumaric acid, and p-coumaric acid, that differ by the position of the hydroxy substitution of the phenyl group. p-Coumaric acid is the most abundant isomer of the three in nature. m-Coumaric acid is found in many foods, some of which are corn, garden tomato (variety), grape wine, and beer. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid that highly abundant in food. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an antioxidant. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid that highly abundant in food. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an antioxidant. m-Coumaric acid is a polyphenol metabolite from caffeic acid, formed by the gut microflora and the amount in human biofluids is diet-dependant. m-Coumaric acid is a polyphenol metabolite from caffeic acid, formed by the gut microflora and the amount in human biofluids is diet-dependant.

p-Cumylphenol

C15H16O (212.1201)

4-tert-Butylphenol

C10H14O (150.1045)

4-tert-Butylphenol, also known as butylphen or PTBP, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanes. These are organic compounds containing a phenylpropane moiety. 4-tert-Butylphenol is a leather and oakmoss tasting compound. 4-tert-Butylphenol has been detected, but not quantified, in herbs and spices. 4-Tert-butylphenol is structurally similar to the melanin precursor tyrosine, and acts as a substrate for tyrosinase. 4-tert-Butylphenol is a potentially toxic compound. Tyrosinase oxidizes 4-tert-butylphenol to a quinone (4-tert-butylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione) which in turn rapidly reacts with glutathione (GSH). A depletion of the GSH defence system may allow the quinone to generate reactive oxygen species that damage melanocytes and induce apoptosis, leading to leukoderma/vitiligo.

Ribose 1-phosphate

C5H11O8P (230.0192)

Ribose 1-phosphate, also known as alpha-D-ribofuranose 1-phosphate or 1-O-phosphono-A-D-ribofuranose, is a member of the class of compounds known as pentoses. Pentoses are monosaccharides in which the carbohydrate moiety contains five carbon atoms. Ribose 1-phosphate is soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Ribose 1-phosphate can be found in a number of food items such as cassava, capers, pine nut, and wheat, which makes ribose 1-phosphate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Ribose 1-phosphate can be found primarily in cellular cytoplasm. Ribose 1-phosphate exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, ribose 1-phosphate is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include pyrimidine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, and azathioprine action pathway. Ribose 1-phosphate is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include beta ureidopropionase deficiency, gout or kelley-seegmiller syndrome, transaldolase deficiency, and UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria). Ribose 1-phosphate is an intermediate in the metabolism of Pyrimidine and the metabolism of Nicotinate and nicotinamide. It is a substrate for Uridine phosphorylase 2, Phosphoglucomutase, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase and Uridine phosphorylase 1. Ribose 1-phosphate can be formed from guanosine through the action of purine nucleoside phosphorylase. Ribose 1-phosphate can also act as a ribose donor in the synthesis of xanthosine as catalyzed by the same enzyme (purine nucleoside phosphorylase). The presence of guanase, which irreversibly converts guanine to xanthine, affects the overall process of guanosine transformation. As a result of this purine pathway, guanosine is converted into xanthosine, thus overcoming the lack of guanosine deaminase in mammals. The activated ribose moiety in Ribose 1-phosphate which stems from the catabolism of purine nucleosides can be transferred to uracil and, in the presence of ATP, used for the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides; therefore, purine nucleosides can act as ribose donors for the salvage of pyrimidine bases. (PMID: 9133638). COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus KEIO_ID R017 Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

1-Hydroxypyrene

C16H10O (218.0732)

1-Hydroxypyrene is a metabolite of the noncarcinogen pyrene found in urine that is always a component of PAH mixtures. 1-hydroxypyrene is an accepted biomarker of carcinogenic Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) dose(PMID: 15159317). PAH are a diverse group of environmental carcinogens formed during the incomplete combustion of organic matter. PAHs are believed to play an important role as causes of human cancer, particularly in certain occupational settings and in cigarette smokers. (PMID: 15247141) [HMDB] 1-Hydroxypyrene is a metabolite of the noncarcinogen pyrene found in urine that is always a component of PAH mixtures. 1-Hydroxypyrene is an accepted biomarker of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) dose (PMID: 15159317). PAHs are a diverse group of environmental carcinogens formed during the incomplete combustion of organic matter. PAHs are believed to play an important role as causes of human cancer, particularly in certain occupational settings and in cigarette smokers (PMID: 15247141). CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 500; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5366; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5365 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 500; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5365; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5363 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 500; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5373; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5371 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 500; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5353; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5351 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 500; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5367; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5365 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 500; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5334; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5333 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 44 D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens 1-Hydroxypyrene, a biomarker of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is analyzed in urine samples. 1-Hydroxypyrene is the major biomarker of exposure to pyrenes[1].

2-Hydroxyestradiol

C18H24O3 (288.1725)

2-Hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2), also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-2,3,17beta-triol, is an endogenous steroid, catechol estrogen. 2-Hydroxyestradiol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as estrogens and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure containing a 3-hydroxylated estrane. Thus, 2-hydroxyestradiol is considered to be a steroid molecule. It is a metabolite of estradiol, as well as a positional isomer of estriol. Transformation of estradiol to 2-hydroxyestradiol is a major metabolic pathway of estradiol in the liver. 2-Hydroxyestradiol is generated from estradiol via several cytochrome P450 enzymes. Specifically, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 are the major enzymes catalyzing the 2-hydroxylation of estradiol. Conversion of estradiol into 2-hydroxyestradiol has been detected in the liver, uterus, breast, kidney, brain, and pituitary gland, as well as the placenta. 2-Hydroxyestradiol binds, with a low affinity, to estrogen receptors. 2-Hydroxyestradiol has approximately 7\\% and 11\\% of the affinity of estradiol at the estrogen receptors (ERs) ERalpha and ERbeta, respectively (PMID: 9048584). 2-Hydroxyestradiol is a catechol estrogen and in this regard bears some structural resemblance to the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline) (PMID: 447670). In accordance, 2-hydroxyestradiol has been found to interact with catecholamine systems. The steroid is known to compete with catecholamines for binding to catechol O-methyltransferase and tyrosine hydroxylase and to competitively inhibit these enzymes (PMID: 447670). Inactivity of COMT blocks inactivation of catechol hormones and catecholamine neurotransmitters. 2-Hydroxyestradiol is also reported to inhibit angiongensis and tumor cell growth (PMID: 9472688). 2-Hydroxyestradiol is generated from estradiol by a Cytochrome P450. 2-Hydroxyestradiol binds, with a low affinity, to estrogen receptors. It inhbits catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity. Inactivity of COMT blocks inactivation of catechol hormones and catecholamine neutransmitters. 2-Hydroxyestradiol is also reported to inhibit angiongensis and tumor cell growth (PMID: 9472688). [HMDB] C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Zoxazolamine

C7H5ClN2O (168.009)

D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents > D006074 - Gout Suppressants > D014528 - Uricosuric Agents D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents C78281 - Agent Affecting Musculoskeletal System > C29696 - Muscle Relaxant C26170 - Protective Agent > C921 - Uricosuric Agent D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents

Acebutolol

C18H28N2O4 (336.2049)

Acebutolol is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action. [PubChem]Acebutolol is a selective β1-receptor antagonist. Activation of β1-receptors by epinephrine increases the heart rate and the blood pressure, and the heart consumes more oxygen. Acebutolol blocks these receptors, lowering the heart rate and blood pressure. This drug then has the reverse effect of epinephrine. In addition, beta blockers prevent the release of renin, which is a hormone produced by the kidneys which leads to constriction of blood vessels. C - Cardiovascular system > C07 - Beta blocking agents > C07A - Beta blocking agents > C07AB - Beta blocking agents, selective C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C72900 - Adrenergic Antagonist D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D013566 - Sympathomimetics D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D018674 - Adrenergic Antagonists D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2281

Bioallethrin

C19H26O3 (302.1882)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides > D000487 - Allethrins D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides > D011722 - Pyrethrins D016573 - Agrochemicals

BENSULFURON-METHYL

C16H18N4O7S (410.0896)

Flecainide

C17H20F6N2O3 (414.1378)

A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial arrhythmias and tachycardias. Paradoxically, however, in myocardial infarct patients with either symptomatic or asymptomatic arrhythmia, flecainide exacerbates the arrhythmia and is not recommended for use in these patients. [PubChem] C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy > C01B - Antiarrhythmics, class i and iii > C01BC - Antiarrhythmics, class ic D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D026941 - Sodium Channel Blockers > D061567 - Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C47793 - Antiarrhythmic Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3020 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2276 D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators C93038 - Cation Channel Blocker

Fluometuron

C10H11F3N2O (232.0823)

Fluometuron is a member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups. It is a herbicide used for the control of broadleaf weeds and annual grasses in cotton. It has a role as an agrochemical, an environmental contaminant, a herbicide, a xenobiotic and a photosystem-II inhibitor. It is a 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea and a member of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes. Fluometuron is a soil applied herbicide used to control annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds. In the United States it was approved for use on cotton and sugarcane crops in 1974, but since 1986 is only approved for use on cotton. Its mode of action is selective and inhibits photosynthesis. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8414; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8413 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8483; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8479 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8454; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8453 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8416; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8415 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8468; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8466 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4168; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4167 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4190; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4189 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4172; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4171 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8464; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8462 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4199; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4198 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4184; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4183 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 921; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4155; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4154 CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3709 Fluometuron. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=2164-17-2 (retrieved 2024-12-16) (CAS RN: 2164-17-2). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Testosterone Decanoate

C29H46O3 (442.3447)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Cyanuric acid

C3H3N3O3 (129.0174)

Because of their trifunctionality, CYA is a precursor to crosslinking agents, especially for polyurethane resins. Cyanuric acid or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol is a chemical compound with the formula (CNOH)3. Like many industrially useful chemicals, this triazine has many synonyms. This white, odorless solid finds use as a precursor or a component of bleaches, disinfectants, and herbicides. In 1997, worldwide production was 160 million kilograms.

Clemastine

C21H26ClNO (343.1703)

Clemastine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an ethanolamine-derivative, first generation histamine H1 antagonist used in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness. [PubChem]Clemastine is a selective histamine H1 antagonist and binds to the histamine H1 receptor. This blocks the action of endogenous histamine, which subsequently leads to temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine. D - Dermatologicals > D04 - Antipruritics, incl. antihistamines, anesthetics, etc. > D04A - Antipruritics, incl. antihistamines, anesthetics, etc. > D04AA - Antihistamines for topical use R - Respiratory system > R06 - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06A - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06AA - Aminoalkyl ethers D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D006633 - Histamine Antagonists C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C29578 - Histamine-1 Receptor Antagonist D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics D018926 - Anti-Allergic Agents

5-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

C6H9NOS (143.0405)

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole, also known as 4-methyl-5-thiazolethanol or 4-methyl-5-(β-hydroxyethyl)thiazole, is a member of the class of compounds known as 4,5-disubstituted thiazoles. 4,5-disubstituted thiazoles are compounds containing a thiazole ring substituted at positions 4 and 5 only. 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole is slightly soluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole is a cooked beef juice, fatty, and sulfur tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as nuts, cereals and cereal products, alcoholic beverages, and mushrooms, which makes 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole can be found primarily in feces. 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. 5-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole, also known as 4-methyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-thiazole or 4-methyl-5-thiazolethanol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 4,5-disubstituted thiazoles. 4,5-disubstituted thiazoles are compounds containing a thiazole ring substituted at positions 4 and 5 only. 5-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. 5-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole is a sulfur tasting compound. 5-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as kohlrabis, red bell peppers, citrus, avocado, and black-eyed pea. This could make 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. A 1,3-thiazole that is thiazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4 and a 2-hydroxyethyl group at position 5. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID M013

Oxyquinoline

C9H7NO (145.0528)

G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G01 - Gynecological antiinfectives and antiseptics > G01A - Antiinfectives and antiseptics, excl. combinations with corticosteroids > G01AC - Quinoline derivatives A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A01 - Stomatological preparations > A01A - Stomatological preparations > A01AB - Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment D - Dermatologicals > D08 - Antiseptics and disinfectants > D08A - Antiseptics and disinfectants > D08AH - Quinoline derivatives R - Respiratory system > R02 - Throat preparations > R02A - Throat preparations > R02AA - Antiseptics C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C28394 - Topical Anti-Infective Agent CONFIDENCE standard compound; ML_ID 55

Diethylhexyl adipate

C22H42O4 (370.3083)

Diethylhexyl adipate (DEHA) is an indirect food additive arising from contact with polymers and adhesives. DEHA is a plasticizer. DEHA is an ester of 2-ethylhexanol and adipic acid. Its chemical formula is C22H42O4. Indirect food additive arising from contact with polymers and adhesives

Hexythiazox

C17H21ClN2O2S (352.1012)

7-Methylguanine

C6H7N5O (165.0651)

7-Methylguanine is a metabolite of DNA methylation and depurination observed in normal human biofluids; however, it has been found significantly higher in the urine of smokers than in nonsmokers. (PMID 16059882). 7-Methylguanine has been identified in the human placenta (PMID: 32033212). 7-Methylguanine is a metabolite of DNA methylation and depurination observed in normal human biofluids; however, it has been found significantly higher in the urine of smokers than in nonsmokers. (PMID 16059882) [HMDB] KEIO_ID M043

Propanil

C9H9Cl2NO (217.0061)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1341; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4459; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4456 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1341; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4491; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4488 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1341; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4496; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4493 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1341; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4487; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4485 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1341; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4491; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4487 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1341; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4473; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4470 CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3051 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2331 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8484 D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Tolclofos-methyl

C9H11Cl2O3PS (299.9544)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 461; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9291; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9287 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 461; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9271; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9267 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 461; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9337; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9333 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 461; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9322; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9318 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 461; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9241; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9237

Trihexyphenidyl

C20H31NO (301.2406)

Trihexyphenidyl is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is one of the centrally acting muscarinic antagonists used for treatment of parkinsonian disorders and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic. [PubChem]Trihexyphenidyl is a selective M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. It is able to discriminate between the M1 (cortical or neuronal) and the peripheral muscarinic subtypes (cardiac and glandular). Trihexyphenidyl partially blocks cholinergic activity in the CNS, which is responsible for the symptoms of Parkinsons disease. It is also thought to increase the availability of dopamine, a brain chemical that is critical in the initiation and smooth control of voluntary muscle movement. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018726 - Anti-Dyskinesia Agents > D000978 - Antiparkinson Agents N - Nervous system > N04 - Anti-parkinson drugs > N04A - Anticholinergic agents > N04AA - Tertiary amines C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66880 - Anticholinergic Agent > C29704 - Antimuscarinic Agent D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C38149 - Antiparkinsonian Agent

Indole-3-carboxylic acid

C9H7NO2 (161.0477)

Indole-3-carboxylic acid, also known as 3-carboxyindole or 3-indolecarboxylate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolecarboxylic acids and derivatives. Indolecarboxylic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboxylic acid group (or a derivative thereof) linked to an indole. Naphthylmethylindoles: Any compound containing a 1H-indol-3-yl-(1-naphthyl)methane structure with substitution at the nitrogen atom of the indole ring by an alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkylmethyl, cycloalkylethyl, 1-(N-methyl-2-piperidinyl)methyl, or 2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl group whether or not further substituted in the indole ring to any extent and whether or not substituted in the naphthyl ring to any extent. One example given is JWH-250. Outside of the human body, indole-3-carboxylic acid has been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as brassicas, broccoli, pulses, common beets, and barley. This could make indole-3-carboxylic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Notice the pentyl group substituted onto the nitrogen atom of the indole ring. Note that this definition encompasses only those compounds that have OH groups attached to both the phenyl and the cyclohexyl rings, and so does not include compounds such as O-1871 which lacks the cyclohexyl OH group, or compounds such as JWH-337 or JWH-344 which lack the phenolic OH group. Present in plants, e.g. apple (Pyrus malus), garden pea (Pisum sativum) and brassicas Indole-3-carboxylic acid is a normal urinary indolic tryptophan metabolite and has been found elevated in patients with liver diseases[1][2]. Indole-3-carboxylic acid is a normal urinary indolic tryptophan metabolite and has been found elevated in patients with liver diseases[1][2].

Fonofos

C10H15OPS2 (246.0302)

D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3112

(-)-Maackiain

C16H12O5 (284.0685)

(-)-maackiain is the (-)-enantiomer of maackiain. It is an enantiomer of a (+)-maackiain. Maackiain is a natural product found in Tephrosia virginiana, Leptolobium bijugum, and other organisms with data available. (-)-Maackiain. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=2035-15-6 (retrieved 2024-07-09) (CAS RN: 2035-15-6). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1].

L-Prolinamide

C5H10N2O (114.0793)

Apigenin 7-O-beta-D-rutinoside

C27H30O14 (578.1635)

Apigenin 7-o-beta-d-rutinoside, also known as rhoifolin or apigenin-7-O-rhamnoglucoside, is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-7-o-glycosides. Flavonoid-7-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to carbohydrate moiety at the C7-position. Apigenin 7-o-beta-d-rutinoside is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Apigenin 7-o-beta-d-rutinoside can be found in carrot, orange mint, and wild carrot, which makes apigenin 7-o-beta-d-rutinoside a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_pos_30eV_CB000032.txt [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_pos_10eV_CB000032.txt [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_pos_20eV_CB000032.txt [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_pos_50eV_CB000032.txt [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_pos_40eV_CB000032.txt [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_neg_50eV_000023.txt [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_neg_10eV_000023.txt [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_neg_20eV_000023.txt [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_neg_40eV_000023.txt [Raw Data] CB080_Rhoifolin_neg_30eV_000023.txt Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside can be isolated from Rhus succedanea. Rhoifolin has anti-diabetic effect acting through enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation. Rhoifolin has an anti-inflammatory action via multi-level regulation of inflammatory mediators. Rhoifolin ameliorates titanium particle-stimulated osteolysis and attenuates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Rhoifolin also has cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines[1][2][3]. Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside can be isolated from Rhus succedanea. Rhoifolin has anti-diabetic effect acting through enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation. Rhoifolin has an anti-inflammatory action via multi-level regulation of inflammatory mediators. Rhoifolin ameliorates titanium particle-stimulated osteolysis and attenuates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Rhoifolin also has cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines[1][2][3]. Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside can be isolated from Rhus succedanea. Rhoifolin has anti-diabetic effect acting through enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation. Rhoifolin has an anti-inflammatory action via multi-level regulation of inflammatory mediators. Rhoifolin ameliorates titanium particle-stimulated osteolysis and attenuates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Rhoifolin also has cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines[1][2][3].

C-Quens

C23H29ClO4 (404.1754)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Carprofen

C15H12ClNO2 (273.0557)

Carprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used by veterinarians as a supportive treatment for the relief of arthritic symptoms in geriatric dogs. Carprofen was previously used in human medicine for over 10 years (1985-1995). It was generally well tolerated, with the majority of adverse effects being mild, such as gastro-intestinal pain and nausea, similar to those recorded with aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is no longer marketed for human usage, after being withdrawn on commercial grounds. [Wikipedia] C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C241 - Analgesic Agent > C2198 - Nonnarcotic Analgesic D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents D003879 - Dermatologic Agents Carprofen is a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a multi-target FAAH/COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 3.9 μM, 22.3 μM and 78.6 μM for COX-2, COX-1 and FAAH, respectively.

Zeranol

C18H26O5 (322.178)

Zeranol is isolated from Fusarium species. It is an anabolic agent and estrogenic agent (mainly veterinary use). Zeranol is used as a growth promoter for food animals. It was banned by the EU in 1989, but is still permitted in the USA and some other countries. It may also arise in livestock by ingestion of Fusarium contaminated pasture or feeds D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D004967 - Estrogens Same as: D06362

Agroclavine

C16H18N2 (238.147)

An ergot alkaloid that is ergoline which contains a double bond between positions 8 and 9, and which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 6 and 8.

Ergocornin

C31H39N5O5 (561.2951)

Boldione

C19H24O2 (284.1776)

Boldione is a direct precursor (prohormone) to the anabolic steroid boldenone (1,4-androstadiene-17beta-ol-3-one). It is advertised as a highly anabolic/androgenic compound promoting muscularity, enhancing strength and overall physical performance, and is available on the Internet and in health stores. Conflicting findings regarding the boldenone content of bovine faeces suggest it may be synthesized de novo in emitted faeces. Boldione is the oxidized form of boldenone, an this anabolic steroid is forbidden in EU countries in calves and bulls bred for meat production, and is illegally used as growth promoters, as they improve the growth and feed conversion in food producing animals. (PMID: 16449054, 16308875, 16244993) [HMDB] Boldione is a direct precursor (prohormone) to the anabolic steroid boldenone (1,4-androstadiene-17beta-ol-3-one). It is advertised as a highly anabolic/androgenic compound promoting muscularity, enhancing strength and overall physical performance, and is available on the Internet and in health stores. Conflicting findings regarding the boldenone content of bovine faeces suggest it may be synthesized de novo in emitted faeces. Boldione is the oxidized form of boldenone, an this anabolic steroid is forbidden in EU countries in calves and bulls bred for meat production, and is illegally used as growth promoters, as they improve the growth and feed conversion in food producing animals. (PMID: 16449054, 16308875, 16244993).

Cyclohexylamine

C6H13N (99.1048)

Cyclohexylamine is a food contaminant arising from its use as a boiler water additive Cyclohexylamine, also called hexahydroaniline, 1-aminocyclohexane, or aminohexahydrobenzene, is an organic chemical, an amine derived from cyclohexane. It is a clear to yellowish liquid with fishy odor, with melting point of 17.7 °C and boiling point 134.5 °C, miscible with water. Like other amines, it is of mildly alkaline nature, compared to strong bases such as NaOH, but it is a stronger base than its aromatic sister compound aniline, which differs only in that its ring is aromatic. It is flammable, with flash point at 28.6 °C. Explosive mixtures with air can be formed above 26 °C. It is toxic by both ingestion and inhalation; the inhalation itself may be fatal. It readily absorbs through skin, which it irritates. It is corrosive. Cyclohexylamine is listed as an extremely hazardous substance as defined by Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act Food contaminant arising from its use as a boiler water additive CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2441 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8266 KEIO_ID C114

Cysteic acid

C3H7NO5S (169.0045)

Cysteic acid is a crystalline amino acid formed in the oxidation of cysteine; it is a precursor of taurine. A crystalline amino acid formed in the oxidation of cysteine; it is a precursor of taurine. [HMDB]

Phenylacetylglutamine

C13H16N2O4 (264.111)

Phenylacetylglutamine is a product formed from the conjugation of phenylacetate and glutamine. Technically, it is the amino acid acetylation product of phenylacetate (or phenylbutyrate after beta-oxidation). Phenylacetylglutamine is a normal constituent of human urine, but other mammals such as the dog, cat, rat, monkey, sheep, and horse do not excrete this compound. Phenylacetyl-CoA and L-glutamine react to form phenylacetylglutamine and coenzyme A. The enzyme (glutamine N-acetyl transferase) that catalyzes this reaction has been purified from human liver mitochondria and shown to be a polypeptide species distinct from glycine-N-acyltransferase. Phenylacetylglutamine is a major nitrogenous metabolite that accumulates in uremia (PMID: 2791363, 8972626). It has been shown that over 50\\\% of urine phenylacetylglutamine may be derived from kidney conjugation of free plasma phenylacetic acid and/or from the kidneys preferential filtration of conjugated phenylacetic acid (PMID: 6420430). Phenylacetylglutamine is a microbial metabolite found in Christensenellaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae (PMID: 26241311). Phenylacetylglutamine is a product formed by the conjugation of phenylacetate and glutamine. Technically it is the amino acid acetylation product of phenylacetate (or phenylbutyrate after beta-oxidation). Phenylacetylglutamine is a normal constituent of human urine, but other mammals including the dog, cat, rat, monkey, sheep and horse do not excrete this compound. Phenylacetyl CoA and glutamine react to form phenylacetyl glutamine and Coenzyme A. The enzyme (Glutamine N-acetyl transferase) that catalyzes this reaction has been purified from human liver mitochondria and shown to be a distinct polypeptide species from glycine-N-acyltransferase. Phenylacetylglutamine is a major nitrogenous metabolite that accumulates in uremia. (PMID: 2791363; PMID: 8972626). It has been shown that over 50\\\% of urine phenylacetylglutamine may be derived from kidney conjugation of free plasma phenylacetic acid and/or from the kidneys preferential filtration of conjugated phenylacetic acid (PMID: 6420430) Phenylacetylglutamine is a colonic microbial metabolite from amino acid fermentation.

Stachydrine

C7H13NO2 (143.0946)

Proline betaine is an osmoprotective compound found in urine. It is thought to serve an osmoprotective role for the kidney. Proline betaine is a glycine betaine analogue found in many citrus foods. Elevated levels of proline betaine in human urine are found after the consumption of citrus fruits and juices (PMID: 18060588). Proline betaine is a biomarker for the consumption of citrus fruits. Alkaloid from Citrus spp Medicago sativa and Stachys subspecies(alfalfa). L-Stachydrine or also called proline betaine is a biomarker for the consumption of citrus fruits. L-Stachydrine is found in many foods, some of which are capers, pulses, lemon, and alfalfa. Proline betaine, also known as stachydrine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as proline and derivatives. Proline and derivatives are compounds containing proline or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. Proline betaine exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Proline betaine is found, on average, in the highest concentration within capers (Capparis spinosa). Proline betaine has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as soy beans (Glycine max), crosnes (Stachys affinis), domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domestica), limes (Citrus aurantiifolia), and triticales (X Triticosecale rimpaui). This could make proline betaine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Proline betaine is a secondary metabolite. Secondary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically non-essential metabolites that may serve a role as defense or signalling molecules. In some cases they are simply molecules that arise from the incomplete metabolism of other secondary metabolites. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on Proline betaine. Stachydrine is a major constituent of Chinese herb leonurus heterophyllus sweet used to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway. Stachydrine is a major constituent of Chinese herb leonurus heterophyllus sweet used to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway.

Propionylcarnitine

C10H19NO4 (217.1314)

D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents An O-acylcarnitine compound having propanoyl as the acyl substituent. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents

1-Naphthylamine

C10H9N (143.0735)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8002 D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens

3-Phenylcatechol

C12H10O2 (186.0681)

CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 8005

Dibenz(a,h)acridine

C21H13N (279.1048)

D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8267

1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid

C11H8O3 (188.0473)

1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid is an endogenous metabolite.

9-Fluorenone

C13H8O (180.0575)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 11

Laricitrin

C16H12O8 (332.0532)

Laricitrin, also known as 3-O-methylmyricetin or 3,4,5,5,7-pentahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavonols. Flavonols are compounds that contain a flavone (2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-4-one) backbone carrying a hydroxyl group at the 3-position. Thus, laricitrin is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. Laricitrin is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. BioTransformer predicts that laricitrin is a product of isorhamnetin metabolism via a hydroxylation-of-benzene-ortho-to-edg reaction catalyzed by the CYP1A2, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 enzymes (PMID: 30612223).

Palatinose

C12H22O11 (342.1162)

Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.

13-L-Hydroperoxylinoleic acid

C18H32O4 (312.23)

(9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate, also known as 13s-hydroperoxy-9z,11e-octadecadienoic acid or 13(S)-hpode, belongs to lineolic acids and derivatives class of compounds. Those are derivatives of lineolic acid. Lineolic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 18 carbon long fatty acid, with two CC double bonds at the 9- and 12-positions. Thus, (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate is considered to be an octadecanoid lipid molecule (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate can be synthesized from octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate can also be synthesized into pinellic acid and 13(S)-HPODE methyl ester (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate can be found in a number of food items such as lingonberry, lemon thyme, watermelon, and agave, which makes (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products (9z,11e)-(13s)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate can be found primarily in blood. 13-L-Hydroperoxylinoleic acid (13(S)-HPODE) is one of the primary products of the major polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) from the 15-lipoxygenase pathway (EC 1.13.11.31). 13(S)-HPODE is a rather unstable metabolite and is rapidly metabolized to more stable secondary products such as diverse forms of hydroxy fatty acids (via reduction of the hydroperoxy group), alkoxy radicals (via homolytic cleavage of the peroxy group), forms of dihydro(pero)xy fatty acids (via lipoxygenase-catalysed double and triple oxygenation), or epoxy leukotrienes (via a hydrogen abstraction from a doubly allylic methylene group and a homolytic cleavage of the hydroperoxy group) (PMID: 9082450). D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides

alpha-Dimorphecolic acid

C18H32O3 (296.2351)

alpha-Dimorphecolic acid or 9(S)-HODE is an endogenous fatty acid (PPAR)gamma agonist synthesized in the body from linoleic acid. alpha-Dimorphecolic acid activates peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR)gamma in human endothelial cells increasing plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 expression. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) is a major physiological inhibitor of fibrinolysis, with its plasma levels correlating with the risk for myocardial infarction and venous thrombosis. The regulation of PAI-1 transcription by endothelial cells (ECs), a major source of PAI-1, remains incompletely understood. Adipocytes also produce PAI-1, suggesting possible common regulatory pathways between adipocytes and ECs. Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR)gamma is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates gene expression in response to various mediators such as 15-deoxy-delta12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) and oxidized linoleic acid (9- and 13-HODE). alpha-Dimorphecolic acid is a ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor G2A (PMID: 10073956, 16647253, 16236715). alpha-Dimorphecolic acid inhibits the proliferation of NHEK cells by suppressing DNA synthesis and arresting the cell cycle in the G0/1-phase. alpha-Dimorphecolic acid-G2A signalling plays proinflammatory roles in the skin under oxidative conditions (PMID: 18034171). Present in plant and animal lipids as autoxidn. or lipoxygenase oxidn. production of linoleic acid.

6-Thioinosine-5'-monophosphate

C10H13N4O7PS (364.0243)

6-Thioinosine-5-monophosphate is a metabolite of mercaptopurine. Mercaptopurine (also called 6-mercaptopurine, 6-MP or its brand name Purinethol) is an immunosuppressive drug. It is a thiopurine. (Wikipedia)

Nicotianamine

C12H21N3O6 (303.143)

The (S,S,S)-stereoisomer of nicotianamine. IPB_RECORD: 2921; CONFIDENCE confident structure

(2E)-Decenoyl-ACP

C6H11NO2 (129.079)

(2E)-Decenoyl-ACP, also known as Cycloleucine or 1-Aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid, is classified as a member of the L-alpha-amino acids. L-alpha-amino acids are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. (2E)-Decenoyl-ACP is considered to be soluble (in water) and acidic Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C574 - Immunosuppressant KEIO_ID A050

Deoxyribose 1-phosphate

C5H11O7P (214.0242)

Deoxyribose 1-phosphate is an intermediate in the metabolism of Pyrimidine. It is a substrate for Purine nucleoside phosphorylase and Thymidine phosphorylase. [HMDB] Deoxyribose 1-phosphate is an intermediate in the metabolism of Pyrimidine. It is a substrate for Purine nucleoside phosphorylase and Thymidine phosphorylase. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map KEIO_ID D013 Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

Methionine sulfoximine

C5H12N2O3S (180.0569)

Methionine sulfoximine is found in flours treated with NCl3 as a produced of NCl3 action on wheat protein

Buformin

C6H15N5 (157.1327)

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A10 - Drugs used in diabetes > A10B - Blood glucose lowering drugs, excl. insulins > A10BA - Biguanides C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29711 - Anti-diabetic Agent > C98234 - Biguanide Antidiabetic Agent D007004 - Hypoglycemic Agents > D001645 - Biguanides KEIO_ID B010

Ethylamine

C2H7N (45.0578)

Ethylamine, also known as 1-aminoethane or ethanamine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monoalkylamines. These are organic compounds containing an primary aliphatic amine group. Ethylamine exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Ethylamine is an ammonia and fishy tasting compound. Ethylamine can be found found in a few different foods, such as barley, apples, and corns and in a lower concentration in white cabbages, wild carrots, and cabbages. Ethylamine has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as black elderberries, common grapes, french plantains, soy beans, and spinachs. Ethylamine is a uremic toxin. Most uremic toxins are metabolic waste products and are normally excreted in the urine or feces. Uremic syndrome may affect any part of the body and can cause nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Ethylamine is component of normal human urine it has been suggested that this short aliphatic chain may play a significant role in the central nervous system disturbances observe during hepatic and renal disease especially when the blood brain barrier is compromised. Found in foods and drinks KEIO_ID E025

5-Methoxydimethyltryptamine

C13H18N2O (218.1419)

5-Methoxydimethyltryptamine, like all methoxydimethyltryptamines is a compound that contain the biogenic monoamine tryptamine and is substituted with one methoxy group and two methyl groups. Members of this group include several potent serotonergic hallucinogens found in several unrelated plants, skins of certain toads, and in mammalian brains. They are possibly involved in the etiology of schizophrenia. They are formed as metabolites of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) or tryptamine by the enzyme indolethylamine N-methyltransferase (INMT). The physiological significance of the N-methylating pathway of indoleamine metabolism, and of the methylated end products, is unknown. Because of the known psychotropic properties of the dimethylated amines, their possible involvement in the chemical pathogenesis of mental disorders has received wide interest. The hallucinogenic actions of the methylated indoleamines, like those of LSD, are believed to be mediated through the 5HT2 receptor. (PMID 11763413). 5-Methoxydimethyltryptamine, like all Methoxydimethyltryptamines is a compound that contain the biogenic monoamine tryptamine and is substituted with one methoxy group and two methyl groups. Members of this group include several potent serotonergic hallucinogens found in several unrelated plants, skins of certain toads, and in mammalian brains. They are possibly involved in the etiology of schizophrenia. (PubChem) C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C47794 - Serotonin Agonist KEIO_ID M103; [MS2] KO009040 KEIO_ID M103

Delphinidin 3-rutinoside

[C27H31O16]+ (611.1612)

Delphinidin 3-rutinoside is found in banana. Tulipanin is an anthocyanin. It is the 3-rutinoside of delphinidin. It can be found in Alstroemeria species, Berberis species, Cissus sicyoides, Hymenocallis species, Manihot utilissima, Meliosma tenuis, Musa acuminata, Ophiopogon japonicus, Petunia exserta, Petunia reitzii, blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum), Schismatoglottis concinna, Secale cereale, Slanum betacea, Thaumatococcus daniellii, Tulipa species. Tulipanin is an anthocyanin. It is the 3-rutinoside of delphinidin. It can be found in Alstroemeria subspecies, Berberis subspecies, Cissus sicyoides, Hymenocallis subspecies, Manihot utilissima, Meliosma tenuis, Musa acuminata, Ophiopogon japonicus, Petunia exserta, Petunia reitzii, blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum), Schismatoglottis concinna, Secale cereale, Slanum betacea, Thaumatococcus daniellii, Tulipa subspecies Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.

Pelargonidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside

[C27H31O15]+ (595.1663)

Pelargonin is a member of the class of compounds known as anthocyanidin-5-o-glycosides. Anthocyanidin-5-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing one anthocyanidin moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to a carbohydrate moiety at the C5-position. Pelargonin is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Pelargonin can be found in a number of food items such as green bean, grass pea, pomegranate, and yellow wax bean, which makes pelargonin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Pelargonin is an anthocyanin. It is the 3,5-O-diglucoside of pelargonidin . Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. [Raw Data] CBB01_Pelargonin_pos_50eV.txt [Raw Data] CBB01_Pelargonin_pos_40eV.txt [Raw Data] CBB01_Pelargonin_pos_20eV.txt [Raw Data] CBB01_Pelargonin_pos_10eV.txt [Raw Data] CBB01_Pelargonin_pos_30eV.txt

Sissotrin

C22H22O10 (446.1213)

Sissotrin is found in chickpea. Sissotrin is a constituent of Cicer arietinum (chickpea). Constituent of Cicer arietinum (chickpea). Biochanin A 7-glucoside is found in chickpea. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.

D-Erythrose 4-phosphate

C4H9O7P (200.0086)

D-Erythrose 4-phosphate is a phosphorylated derivative of erythrose that serves as an important intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway. It is also used in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and it plays a role in vitamin B6 metabolism (KEGG); Erythrose 4-phosphate is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway and the Calvin cycle. In addition, it serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of the aromatic amino acids tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan. D-Erythrose 4-phosphate is found in many foods, some of which are shea tree, bog bilberry, arrowhead, and dock. D-Erythrose 4-phosphate is a phosphorylated derivative of erythrose that serves as an important intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway. It is also used in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and it plays a role in vitamin B6 metabolism (KEGG). Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.

Kaempferol 3-O-arabinoside

C20H18O10 (418.09)

Tectochrysin

C16H12O4 (268.0736)

7-methylchrysin, also known as 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone or techtochrysin, is a member of the class of compounds known as 7-o-methylated flavonoids. 7-o-methylated flavonoids are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C7 atom of the flavonoid backbone. Thus, 7-methylchrysin is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. 7-methylchrysin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 7-methylchrysin can be found in pine nut, prunus (cherry, plum), sour cherry, and sweet cherry, which makes 7-methylchrysin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.330 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.324 Tectochrysin (Techtochrysin) is one of the major flavonoids of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel. Tectochrysin inhibits activity of NF-κB. Tectochrysin (Techtochrysin) is one of the major flavonoids of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel. Tectochrysin inhibits activity of NF-κB.

6-Hydroxydaidzein

C15H10O5 (270.0528)

6-Hydroxydaidzein is found in pulses. 6-Hydroxydaidzein is isolated from fermented soybeans (Glycine max Isolated from fermented soybeans (Glycine max). 6-Hydroxydaidzein is found in soy bean and pulses.

3'-Hydroxydaidzein

C15H10O5 (270.0528)

3-Hydroxydaidzein is a polyphenol metabolite detected in biological fluids (PMID: 20428313). A polyphenol metabolite detected in biological fluids [PhenolExplorer] 7,3',4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone, a major metabolite of Daidzein, is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of Cot (Tpl2/MAP3K8) and MKK4. 7,3',4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone has anticancer, anti-angiogenic, chemoprotective, and free radical scavenging activities[1][2].

2-Amino-a-carboline

C11H9N3 (183.0796)

2-Amino-a-carboline is found in cooked foods as pyrolysis produced of tryptophan. Found in cooked foods as pyrol. production of tryptophan. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8

Vestitol

C16H16O4 (272.1049)

4-Hydroxybenzoate-O-glucoside

C13H16O8 (300.0845)

Ergonovine

C19H23N3O2 (325.179)

Ergonovine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an ergot alkaloid with uterine and vascular smooth muscle contractile properties. [PubChem]Ergonovine directly stimulates the uterine muscle to increase force and frequency of contractions. With usual doses, these contractions precede periods of relaxation; with larger doses, basal uterine tone is elevated and these relaxation periods will be decreased. Contraction of the uterine wall around bleeding vessels at the placental site produces hemostasis. Ergonovine also induces cervical contractions. The sensitivity of the uterus to the oxytocic effect is much greater toward the end of pregnancy. The oxytocic actions of ergonovine are greater than its vascular effects. Ergonovine, like other ergot alkaloids, produces arterial vasoconstriction by stimulation of alpha-adrenergic and serotonin receptors and inhibition of endothelial-derived relaxation factor release. It is a less potent vasoconstrictor than ergotamine. As a diagnostic aid (coronary vasospasm), ergonovine causes vasoconstriction of coronary arteries. G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G02 - Other gynecologicals > G02A - Uterotonics > G02AB - Ergot alkaloids C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C87053 - Adrenergic Agonist C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66884 - Dopamine Agonist D012102 - Reproductive Control Agents > D010120 - Oxytocics

Ergokryptine

C32H41N5O5 (575.3108)

D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018491 - Dopamine Agonists

(S)-scoulerine

C19H21NO4 (327.1471)

(s)-scoulerine, also known as discretamine or aequaline, belongs to protoberberine alkaloids and derivatives class of compounds. Those are alkaloids with a structure based on a protoberberine moiety, which consists of a 5,6-dihydrodibenzene moiety fused to a quinolizinium and forming 5,6-Dihydrodibenzo(a,g)quinolizinium skeleton (s)-scoulerine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). (s)-scoulerine can be found in a number of food items such as rice, lemon grass, chinese bayberry, and sea-buckthornberry, which makes (s)-scoulerine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.

Pinostrobin

C16H14O4 (270.0892)

A monohydroxyflavanone that is (2S)-flavanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 and a methoxy group at position 7 respectively. Pinostrobin is a natural product found in Uvaria chamae, Zuccagnia punctata, and other organisms with data available.

Adenosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate

C10H12N5O6P (329.0525)

Rubrofusarin

C15H12O5 (272.0685)

A member of the class of benzochromenones that is benzo[g]chromen-4-one carrying two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 5 and 6 as well as methyl and methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 8 respectively. An orange polyketide pigment that is a common intermediate in many different fungal biosynthetic pathways. CONFIDENCE Culture of Fusarium graminearum from DAOM

Taurohyocholate

C26H45NO7S (515.2917)

Taurohyocholate is a bile acid. It is a product of the metabolism of Taurochenodeoxycholate which is catalyzed by the enzyme CYP3A4. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135) [HMDB] Taurohyocholate is a bile acid. It is a product of the metabolism of Taurochenodeoxycholate which is catalyzed by the enzyme CYP3A4. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depending only on the presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g. membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135). CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 268

Glycolithocholate

C26H43NO4 (433.3192)

Lithocholic acid glycine conjugate is an acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate. is an acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate. It is a secondary bile acid produced by the action of enzymes existing in the microbial flora of the colonic environment. In hepatocytes, both primary and secondary bile acids undergo amino acid conjugation at the C-24 carboxylic acid on the side chain, and almost all bile acids in the bile duct therefore exist in a glycine conjugated form (PMID: 16949895). Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depending only on the presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g. membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135). Lithocholic acid glycine conjugate is an acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate. is an acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate. It is a secondary bile acid produced by the action of enzymes existing in the microbial flora of the colonic environment. In hepatocytes, both primary and secondary bile acids undergo amino acid conjugation at the C-24 carboxylic acid on the side chain, and almost all bile acids in the bile duct therefore exist in a glycine conjugated form (PMID:16949895). Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D001647 - Bile Acids and Salts D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002793 - Cholic Acids

Bufogein

C24H32O4 (384.23)

Bufogenin is a steroid lactone of Chan su (toad venom), a Chinese medicine obtained from the skin venom gland of toads. A specific Na/K-ATPase protein inhibitor, it is used as a cardiotonic and central nervous system (CNS) respiratory agent, an analgesic and anesthetic, and as a remedy for ulcers. It has a role as an EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor. It is a steroid lactone and an epoxy steroid. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Resibufogenin is a natural product found in Sclerophrys mauritanica, Bufo gargarizans, and other organisms with data available. Bufogenin is a bufadienolide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the Chinese toad Bufo gargarizans; it is also one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu, with potential cardiotonic activity. Although the mechanism of action of bufogenin is still under investigation, this agent is a specific Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor and has been shown to reduce blood pressure in a rat model of preeclampsia. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor Resibufogenin is a component of cinobufogenin and has the function of inhibiting oxidative stress and tumor regeneration. Resibufogenin is a component of cinobufogenin and has the function of inhibiting oxidative stress and tumor regeneration.

Dihydroresveratrol

C14H14O3 (230.0943)

A polyphenol metabolite detected in biological fluids [PhenolExplorer] Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1]. Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1].

11beta-OHA4

C19H26O3 (302.1882)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2829 11-Beta-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-Androsten-11β-ol-3,17-dione) is a steroid mainly found in the the adrenal origin (11β-hydroxylase is present in adrenal tissue, but absent in ovarian tissue). 11-Beta-hydroxyandrostenedione is a 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) isozymes inhibitor. As 4-androstenedione increases, measuring plasma 11-Beta-hydroxyandrostenedione can distinguish the adrenal or ovarian origin of hyperandrogenism[1][2].

12-HHTrE

C17H28O3 (280.2038)

12(S)-HHTrE is an unusual product of the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway and one of the primary arachidonic acid metabolites of the human platelet.1 It is biosynthesized by thromboxane (TX) synthesis from prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) concurrently with TXA2. The biological role of 12(S)-HHTrE is uncertain. It is avidly oxidized to 12-oxoHTrE by porcine 15-hydroxy PGDH. [HMDB] 12(S)-HHTrE is an unusual product of the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway and one of the primary arachidonic acid metabolites of the human platelet.1 It is biosynthesized by thromboxane (TX) synthesis from prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) concurrently with TXA2. The biological role of 12(S)-HHTrE is uncertain. It is avidly oxidized to 12-oxoHTrE by porcine 15-hydroxy PGDH.

Nostoxanthin

C40H56O4 (600.4178)

D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids Window width for selecting the precursor ion was 3 Da.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16HP2005 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.

6'-O-Malonyldaidzin

C24H22O12 (502.1111)

Present in soy foods; potential nutriceutical. 6-Malonyldaidzin is found in many foods, some of which are soy milk, soy sauce, soy bean, and soy yogurt. 6-O-Malonyldaidzin is found in miso. 6-O-Malonyldaidzin is present in soy foods; potential nutriceutical.

Ubiquinone 6

C39H58O4 (590.4335)

Ubiquinone-6 is a member of the chemical class known as Polyprenylbenzoquinones. These are compounds containing a polyisoprene chain attached to a quinone at the second ring position. Ubiquione-6 has just 6 isoprene units. Normally in humans it has 10. Ubiquinone-6 is an intermediate in the synthesis of Ubiquionone 10. It is an endogenouse compound but it has also been isolated from foods containing bakers yeast. Ubiquionone 10 (CoQ10) is involved in cellular respiration. It is fat-soluble and is therefore mobile in cellular membranes; it plays a unique role in the electron transport chain (ETC). In the inner bacterial membrane, electrons from NADH and succinate pass through the ETC to the oxygen, which is then reduced to water. The transfer of electrons through ETC results in the pumping of H+ across the membrane creating a proton gradient across the membrane, which is used by ATP synthase (located on the membrane) to generate ATP. Isolated from bakers yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

Penicillamine

C5H11NO2S (149.051)

Penicillamine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is the most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilsons disease. [PubChem]Penicillamine is a chelating agent recommended for the removal of excess copper in patients with Wilsons disease. From in vitro studies which indicate that one atom of copper combines with two molecules of penicillamine. Penicillamine also reduces excess cystine excretion in cystinuria. This is done, at least in part, by disulfide interchange between penicillamine and cystine, resulting in formation of penicillamine-cysteine disulfide, a substance that is much more soluble than cystine and is excreted readily. Penicillamine interferes with the formation of cross-links between tropocollagen molecules and cleaves them when newly formed. The mechanism of action of penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis is unknown although it appears to suppress disease activity. Unlike cytotoxic immunosuppressants, penicillamine markedly lowers IgM rheumatoid factor but produces no significant depression in absolute levels of serum immunoglobulins. Also unlike cytotoxic immunosuppressants which act on both, penicillamine in vitro depresses T-cell activity but not B-cell activity. M - Musculo-skeletal system > M01 - Antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products > M01C - Specific antirheumatic agents > M01CC - Penicillamine and similar agents C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C1742 - Angiogenesis Inhibitor > C1971 - Angiogenesis Activator Inhibitor D064449 - Sequestering Agents > D002614 - Chelating Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000931 - Antidotes D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents Penicillamine (D-(-)-Penicillamine) is a penicillin metabolic degradation product, can be used as a heavy metal chelator. Penicillamine increases free copper and enhances oxidative stress. Penicillamine has effect of seizures through nitric oxide/NMDA pathways. Penicillamine is a potential immune modulator. Penicillamine can be used for the research of Wilson disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cystinuria[1][2][3][4].

1-Pentanol

C5H12O (88.0888)

1-Pentanol, also known as butylcarbinol or 1-pentyl alcohol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary alcohols. Primary alcohols are compounds comprising the primary alcohol functional group, with the general structure RCOH (R=alkyl, aryl). Thus, 1-pentanol is considered to be a fatty alcohol lipid molecule. 1-Pentanol is an organic compound with the formula C5H12O. 1-Pentanol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. All eight isomers of 1-Pentanol are known:; It is a colourless liquid of density 0.8247 g/cm3 (0 oC), boiling at 131.6 oC, slightly soluble in water, easily soluble in organic solvents. 1-Pentanol exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. 1-Pentanol is a sweet, balsamic, and fusel tasting compound. 1-Pentanol can be found in a few different foods, such as black walnuts, common thymes, and tea and in a lower concentration in safflowers, highbush blueberries, and kohlrabis. 1-Pentanol has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as corns, garden tomato (var.), allspices, cherry tomato, and evergreen blackberries. It possesses a characteristic strong smell and a sharp burning taste. The other amyl alcohols may be obtained synthetically. It is a solid that melts at 48 to 50 °C and boils at 112.3 °C. On passing its vapour through a red-hot tube, it decomposes with production of acetylene, ethylene, propylene, and other compounds. Of these, tertiary 1-Pentanol has been the most difficult to obtain, its synthesis having first been reported in 1891, by L. Tissier (Comptes Rendus, 1891, 112, p. 1065) by the reduction of a mixture of trimethyl acetic acid and trimethylacetyl chloride with sodium amalgam. It is oxidized by chromic acid to isovaleraldehyde, and it forms crystalline addition compounds with calcium chloride and tin(IV) chloride. When pure, it is nontoxic, while the impure product is toxic. Widely distributed in plant sources, e.g. peppermint oil, tomatoes, tea, potatoes. Flavouring ingredient

Sulcatone

C8H14O (126.1045)

Sulcatone, also known as methylheptenone or fema 2707, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ketones. These are organic compounds in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms R2C=O (neither R may be a hydrogen atom). Ketones that have one or more alpha-hydrogen atoms undergo keto-enol tautomerization, the tautomer being an enol. Sulcatone is a very hydrophobic methylketone, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. It exists as a clear, colorless liquid. Sulcatone can be found in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to plants to humans. Sulcatone has a musty, apple green-bean, and pear-like taste. and a citrus-like lemongrass odor. It is a volatile oil component of citronella oil, lemon-grass oil and palmarosa oil. Sulcatone is naturally found in bay leaf, blackberry fruit, sour cherries, cloves, ginger and lavender. In insects and animals, it has a role as an alarm or attractant pheromone. In fact, sulcatone is one of a number of mosquito attractants, especially for those species such as Aedes aegypti with the odor receptor gene Or4 (PMID:25391959 ). Sulcatone is secreted by humans in their sweat and is a compound frequently found in human body odors (but in few other mammals). Sulcoatone is used as a pheromone by ferrets, european badgers, red foxes, treefrogs, bedbugs, wasps and butterflies. Sulcatone is one of several ketones found in Cannabis sativa (PMID:6991645 ). Sulcatone, also known as 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one, is a member of the class of compounds known as ketones. Ketones are organic compounds in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms R2C=O (neither R may be a hydrogen atom). Ketones that have one or more alpha-hydrogen atoms undergo keto-enol tautomerization, the tautomer being an enol. Thus, sulcatone is considered to be an oxygenated hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Sulcatone is slightly soluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Sulcatone is an apple, bitter, and citrus tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as oil palm, winter savory, european plum, and swamp cabbage, which makes sulcatone a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Sulcatone can be found primarily in feces and saliva. Sulcatone exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Sulcatone is an endogenous metabolite. Sulcatone is an endogenous metabolite.

3'-Hydroxygenistein

C15H10O6 (286.0477)

Orobol is a member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones which consists of isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3 and 4. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory agent, a radical scavenger, a plant metabolite and a fungal metabolite. It is functionally related to an isoflavone. Orobol is a natural product found in Tritirachium, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, and other organisms with data available. A member of the class of 7-hydroxyisoflavones which consists of isoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7, 3 and 4. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis. 3-Hydroxygenistein is a polyphenol metabolite detected in biological fluids (PMID: 20428313). A polyphenol metabolite detected in biological fluids [PhenolExplorer]

Pyrophosphate

H4O7P2 (177.9432)

The anion, the salts, and the esters of pyrophosphoric acid are called pyrophosphates. The pyrophosphate anion is abbreviated PPi and is formed by the hydrolysis of ATP into AMP in cells. This hydrolysis is called pyrophosphorolysis. The pyrophosphate anion has the structure P2O74-, and is an acid anhydride of phosphate. It is unstable in aqueous solution and rapidly hydrolyzes into inorganic phosphate. Pyrophosphate is an osteotoxin (arrests bone development) and an arthritogen (promotes arthritis). It is also a metabotoxin (an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health affects at chronically high levels). Chronically high levels of pyrophosphate are associated with hypophosphatasia. Hypophosphatasia (also called deficiency of alkaline phosphatase or phosphoethanolaminuria) is a rare, and sometimes fatal, metabolic bone disease. Hypophosphatasia is associated with a molecular defect in the gene encoding tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). TNSALP is an enzyme that is tethered to the outer surface of osteoblasts and chondrocytes. TNSALP hydrolyzes several substances, including inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) and pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP), a major form of vitamin B6. When TSNALP is low, inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) accumulates outside of cells and inhibits the formation of hydroxyapatite, one of the main components of bone, causing rickets in infants and children and osteomalacia (soft bones) in adults. Vitamin B6 must be dephosphorylated by TNSALP before it can cross the cell membrane. Vitamin B6 deficiency in the brain impairs synthesis of neurotransmitters which can cause seizures. In some cases, a build-up of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the joints can cause pseudogout. COVID info from WikiPathways Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

Glyceric acid 1,3-biphosphate

C3H8O10P2 (265.9593)

Glyceric acid 1,3-biphosphate (CAS: 1981-49-3), also known as 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (1,3BPG) or PGAP, is a 3-carbon organic molecule present in most, if not all living creatures. It primarily exists as a metabolic intermediate in glycolysis during respiration. 1,3BPG has been recognized as regulatory signal implicated in the control of metabolism, oxygen affinity of red cells, and other cellular functions. 1,3BPG concentration in erythrocytes changes in a number of pathological conditions, such as inherited phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency in erythrocytes (involved in the synthesis and breakdown of 1,3BPG) (PMID: 3555887). Glyceric acid 1,3-biphosphate is phosphorylated at the number 1 and 3 carbons. The result of this phosphorylation gives 1,3BPG important biological properties such as the ability to phosphorylate ADP to form the energy storage molecule ATP (Wikipedia). 3-phospho-d-glyceroyl phosphate, also known as 1,3-bisphospho-D-glycerate or D-glycerate 1,3-diphosphate, is a member of the class of compounds known as acyl monophosphates. Acyl monophosphates are organic compounds containing a monophosphate linked to an acyl group. They have the general structure R-CO-P(O)(O)OH, R=H or organyl. 3-phospho-d-glyceroyl phosphate is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). 3-phospho-d-glyceroyl phosphate can be found in a number of food items such as tamarind, narrowleaf cattail, mustard spinach, and cereals and cereal products, which makes 3-phospho-d-glyceroyl phosphate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 3-phospho-d-glyceroyl phosphate exists in E.coli (prokaryote) and yeast (eukaryote).

Xanthosine 5-triphosphate

C10H15N4O15P3 (523.9747)

Xanthosine 5-triphosphate (XTP) is a Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) analogue. The base of XTP, xanthine, bears a keto group instead of an amino group at C2 of the purine rings. XTP can substitute for GTP in supporting receptor-mediated adenylyl cyclase activation. XTP competitively inhibits the binding of GTP to the guanine nucleotide-binding site of retinal G-protein, transducin (TD). These suggests that GTP, ITP, and XTP are differential signal sorters and signal amplifiers at the G-protein level. G-proteins mediate signal transfer from receptors to effector systems. (PMID: 9337071). Xanthosine 5-triphosphate is an intermediate of the Purine metabolism pathway, a substrate of the enzymes dinucleoside tetraphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.17) and nucleoside-triphosphate pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.19). (KEGG). Xanthosine 5-triphosphate (XTP) is a Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) analogue. The base of XTP, xanthine, bears a keto group instead of an amino group at C2 of the purine rings. XTP can substitute for GTP in supporting receptor-mediated adenylyl cyclase activation. XTP competitively inhibits the binding of GTP to the guanine nucleotide-binding site of retinal G-protein, transducin (TD). These suggests that GTP, ITP, and XTP are differential signal sorters and signal amplifiers at the G-protein level. G-proteins mediate signal transfer from receptors to effector systems. (PMID: 9337071)

2-Aminoadenosine

C10H14N6O4 (282.1076)

2-Aminoadenosine is an adenosine analog. Adenosine analogs mostly act as smooth muscle vasodilators and have also been shown to inhibit cancer progression. Its popular products are adenosine phosphate, Acadesine (HY-13417), Clofarabine (HY-A0005), Fludarabine phosphate (HY-B0028) and Vidarabine (HY-B0277)[1].

Ribitol 5-phosphate

C5H13O8P (232.0348)

L-Fuculose 1-phosphate

C6H13O8P (244.0348)

Oxidized dithiothreitol

C4H8O2S2 (151.9966)

Oxidized dithiothreitol is part of the Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis pathway. It is a substrate for: Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1.

1,3,8-Naphthalenertriol

C10H8O3 (176.0473)

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate

C8H14O8 (238.0689)

3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate, also known as kdo or 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-octonate, belongs to sugar acids and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a saccharide unit which bears a carboxylic acid group. 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate is soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate can be found in a number of food items such as peppermint, okra, horseradish tree, and hazelnut, which makes 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate may be a unique E.coli metabolite.

Lathosterol

C27H46O (386.3548)

Lathosterol is a a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is used as an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis (PMID 14511438). Plasma lathosterol levels are significantly elevated in patients with bile acid malabsorption (PMID: 8777839). Lathosterol oxidase (EC 1.14.21.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O [HMDB] Lathosterol is a a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is used as an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis (PMID 14511438). Plasma lathosterol levels are significantly elevated in patients with bile acid malabsorption (PMID:8777839). Lathosterol oxidase (EC 1.14.21.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O. Lathosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. Serum Lathosterol concentration is an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis. Lathosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. Serum Lathosterol concentration is an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis.

myo-Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate

C6H17O21P5 (579.895)

myo-Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate, also known as Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 or inositol pentaphosphate, is an inositol polyphosphate of emerging significance in cellular signalling. Both Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 and its C-2 epimer scyllo-inositol pentakisphosphate (scyllo-InsP(5)) were synthesized from the same myo-inositol-based precursor (PMID: 16755629). InsP6, Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5, and their close metabolic relatives are amongst the more abundant intracellular inositol polyphosphates. They are involved in chromatin organization, DNA maintenance, gene transcription, nuclear mRNA transport, membrane trafficking, and control of cell proliferation (PMID: 14992690). myo-Inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P(5)), an inositol polyphosphate of emerging significance in cellular signalling, and its C-2 epimer scyllo-inositol pentakisphosphate (scyllo-InsP(5)) were synthesised from the same myo-inositol-based precursor. (PMID: 16755629)

L-Dopachrome

C9H7NO4 (193.0375)

Dopachrome is a cyclization product of L-DOPA and is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of melanin. Dopaquinone has an ortho-quinone ring, which is known to be neurotoxic and highly reactive with many other compounds (PMID: 413870). Dopachrome spontaneously gives rise to 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) or it can be enzymatically metabolized by dopachrome tautomerase to give 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). DHI and its oxidation products are also toxic to cells. Many Parkinsons patients are treated with L-DOPA. However, long-term treatment with L-DOPA may actually worsen symptoms or may result in neurotic and psychotic symptoms. These may be due to dopachrome and dopaquinone accumulating in the brain of L-DOPA treated patients (PMID: 19131041, PMID: 12373519). The non-decarboxylative tautomerization of L-dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid in the melanin biosynthetic pathway is catalyzed by Tyrosinase-related protein-2, a melanocyte-specific enzyme. (PMID 11095412) [HMDB]

Desmosterol

C27H44O (384.3392)

Desmosterol is an intermediate in the synthesis of cholesterol. Desmosterolosis is a rare autosomal recessive inborn errors of cholesterol synthesis that is caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase which results in an accumulation of demosterol (DHCR24, EC 1.3.1.72), combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia and includes 2-3 toe syndactyly with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS; the biochemical block in SLOS results in decreased cholesterol levels and increased 7-dehydrocholesterol levels). Desmosterolosis is caused by mutation of the 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene (DHCR24). Many of the malformations in SLOS and desmosterolosis are consistent with impaired hedgehog function. The hedgehog proteins include Sonic hedgehog (SHH), which plays a major role in midline patterning and limb development. Desmosterolosis, caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase, combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia. 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7, EC 1.3.1.21) reduces the C7-C8 double bond in the sterol B ring to form cholesterol or desmosterol depending upon the precursor. Desmosterol can be converted to cholesterol by DHCR24. Therefore, SLOS and Desmosterolosis patients invariably have elevated levels of cholesterol precursors 7-dehydrocholesterol (and its spontaneous isomer 8-dehydrocholesterol) and absent desmosterol. (PMID: 14631207, 16207203). Desmosterol is found in many foods, some of which are fig, sago palm, mexican groundcherry, and pepper (c. frutescens). Desmosterol is an intermediate in the synthesis of cholesterol. Desmosterolosis is a rare autosomal recessive inborn errors of cholesterol synthesis that is caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase which results in an accumulation of demosterol (DHCR24, EC 1.3.1.72), combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia and includes 2-3 toe syndactyly with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS; the biochemical block in SLOS results in decreased cholesterol levels and increased 7-dehydrocholesterol levels). Desmosterolosis is caused by mutation of the 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene (DHCR24). Many of the malformations in SLOS and desmosterolosis are consistent with impaired hedgehog function. The hedgehog proteins include Sonic hedgehog (SHH), which plays a major role in midline patterning and limb development. Desmosterolosis, caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase, combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia. 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7, EC 1.3.1.21) reduces the C7-C8 double bond in the sterol B ring to form cholesterol or desmosterol depending upon the precursor. Desmosterol can be converted to cholesterol by DHCR24. Therefore, SLOS and Desmosterolosis patients invariably have elevated levels of cholesterol precursors 7-dehydrocholesterol (and its spontaneous isomer 8-dehydrocholesterol) and absent desmosterol. (PMID: 14631207, 16207203). Desmosterol is a molecule similar to cholesterol. Desmosterol is the immediate precursor of cholesterol in the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Desmosterol, as an endogenous metabolite, used to study cholesterol metabolism[1]. Desmosterol is a molecule similar to cholesterol. Desmosterol is the immediate precursor of cholesterol in the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Desmosterol, as an endogenous metabolite, used to study cholesterol metabolism[1].

Testolactone

C19H24O3 (300.1725)

Testolactone is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an antineoplastic agent that is a derivative of progesterone and used to treat advanced breast cancer. [PubChem]Although the precise mechanism by which testolactone produces its clinical antineoplastic effects has not been established, its principal action is reported to be inhibition of steroid aromatase activity and consequent reduction in estrone synthesis from adrenal androstenedione, the major source of estrogen in postmenopausal women. Based on in vitro studies, the aromatase inhibition may be noncompetitive and irreversible. This phenomenon may account for the persistence of testolactones effect on estrogen synthesis after drug withdrawal. C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C2189 - Signal Transduction Inhibitor > C129824 - Antineoplastic Protein Inhibitor C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C129818 - Antineoplastic Hormonal/Endocrine Agent > C481 - Antiestrogen C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C1740 - Aromatase Inhibitor C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C129825 - Antineoplastic Enzyme Inhibitor C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

Dihydrobiochanin A

C16H14O5 (286.0841)

Phosphoribosyl-AMP

C15H23N5O14P2 (559.0717)

Phosphoribosyl-AMP belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine ribonucleoside monophosphates. These are nucleotides consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose to which one monophosphate group is attached. Phosphoribosyl-AMP is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Phosphoribosyl-AMP is a nucleic acid component and is an intermediate in histidine biosynthesis. It is converted from phosphoribosyl-ATP via the enzyme phosphoribosyl-ATP diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.31). It is then converted to phosphoribosylformiminoAICAR-phosphate via the enzyme phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.19). Phosphoribosyl-AMP is a nucleic acid component, a purine-related compound. It is an intermediate in histidine biosynthesis. It is converted from Phosphoribosyl-ATP via the enzyme phosphoribosyl-ATP diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.31). It is then converted to phosphoribosylformiminoAICAR-phosphate via the enzyme phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.19). [HMDB]

5'-Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide

C8H15N2O9P (314.0515)

5-phosphoribosyl-n-formylglycinamide, also known as N-formyl-gar or N-formylglycinamide ribonucleotide, is a member of the class of compounds known as glycinamide ribonucleotides. Glycinamide ribonucleotides are compounds in which the amide N atom of glycineamide is linked to the C-1 of a ribosyl (or deoxyribosyl) moiety. Nucleotides have a phosphate group linked to the C5 carbon of the ribose (or deoxyribose) moiety. 5-phosphoribosyl-n-formylglycinamide is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). 5-phosphoribosyl-n-formylglycinamide can be found in a number of food items such as rosemary, mexican groundcherry, common wheat, and bitter gourd, which makes 5-phosphoribosyl-n-formylglycinamide a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 5-phosphoribosyl-n-formylglycinamide exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, 5-phosphoribosyl-n-formylglycinamide is involved in few metabolic pathways, which include azathioprine action pathway, mercaptopurine action pathway, purine metabolism, and thioguanine action pathway. 5-phosphoribosyl-n-formylglycinamide is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome, aICA-Ribosiduria, molybdenum cofactor deficiency, and xanthinuria type I. 5-Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide, also known as FGAR or N-formyl-GAR, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as glycinamide ribonucleotides. Glycinamide ribonucleotides are compounds in which the amide N atom of glycineamide is linked to the C-1 of a ribosyl (or deoxyribosyl) moiety. FGAR is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). FGAR is a substrate for phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase. It is involved in aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis and plays a vital role in purine metabolism as well as in the conversion of glutamine to glutamate.

Phosphoribosyl formamidocarboxamide

C10H15N4O9P (366.0577)

This compound is an intermediate in purine metabolism, where it is the byproduct of phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.3) and IMP cyclohydrolase (EC 3.5.4.10). It is also a byproduct of Ligases (EC 6.3.4.-). COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

stylopine

C19H17NO4 (323.1158)

3'-Ketolactose

C12H20O11 (340.1006)

3-Ketolactose is a metabolite in galactose metabolism (KEGG). [HMDB]. 3-Ketolactose is found in many foods, some of which are lentils, fireweed, cardamom, and elliotts blueberry. 3-Ketolactose is a metabolite in galactose metabolism (KEGG).

Tetrahydropteridine

C6H8N4 (136.0749)

Tetrahydrobiopterin serves well-characterized cofactor functions for hydroxylating aromatic amino acids and ether lipids and for formation of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. Formation of NO involves two cycles of oxidation of Tetrahydrobiopterin to its radical with subsequent rehydroxylation into Tetrahydrobiopterin, one for reduction of the heme-bound arginine-Fe(II)O2 complex of NO synthase (NOS), the other for reduction of the N-hydroxy-L-arginine-Fe(II)O2 complex. Tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent glyceryl ether monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.5) is found not only in liver and the gastrointestinal tract but also in brain and other organs (this enzyme plays an essential role in conjugation with the cleavage enzyme in the regulation of cellular levels of -alkyl moieties in glycerolipids). Tetrahydrobiopterin is essential for the enzymatic reaction of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.2) for the first step in the biosynthesis of catecholamines such as norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine. Limited Tetrahydrobiopterin availability not only decreases formation of NO but also causes NOS-derived superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production leading to formation of peroxynitrite as well as S-nitrosoglutathione. As a consequence of its oxygen-activating potential, Tetrahydrobiopterin is also subject to autoxidation in a free radical chain reaction in leading to formation of superoxide and finally to hydrogen peroxide. On the other hand, Tetrahydrobiopterin, like other H4-pterins, can scavenge reactive oxygen species and peroxynitrite. Thus, Tetrahydrobiopterin may have opposing effects in various biological systems depending on whether its cofactor roles outweigh its chemical reactivity or vice versa. Sepiapterin reductase (EC 1.1.1.153) catalyzes the reduction of tetrahydro-sepiapterin to tetrahydrobiopterin -the terminal step in this biosynthetic pathway for tetrahydrobiopterin. This reaction is N-acetyl-serotonin-sensitive and can completely inhibit tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis. (PMID: 3881214, 17303893, 3756924, 15223071) [HMDB] Tetrahydrobiopterin serves well-characterized cofactor functions for hydroxylating aromatic amino acids and ether lipids and for formation of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. Formation of NO involves two cycles of oxidation of Tetrahydrobiopterin to its radical with subsequent rehydroxylation into Tetrahydrobiopterin, one for reduction of the heme-bound arginine-Fe(II)O2 complex of NO synthase (NOS), the other for reduction of the N-hydroxy-L-arginine-Fe(II)O2 complex. Tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent glyceryl ether monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.5) is found not only in liver and the gastrointestinal tract but also in brain and other organs (this enzyme plays an essential role in conjugation with the cleavage enzyme in the regulation of cellular levels of -alkyl moieties in glycerolipids). Tetrahydrobiopterin is essential for the enzymatic reaction of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.2) for the first step in the biosynthesis of catecholamines such as norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine. Limited Tetrahydrobiopterin availability not only decreases formation of NO but also causes NOS-derived superoxide/hydrogen peroxide production leading to formation of peroxynitrite as well as S-nitrosoglutathione. As a consequence of its oxygen-activating potential, Tetrahydrobiopterin is also subject to autoxidation in a free radical chain reaction in leading to formation of superoxide and finally to hydrogen peroxide. On the other hand, Tetrahydrobiopterin, like other H4-pterins, can scavenge reactive oxygen species and peroxynitrite. Thus, Tetrahydrobiopterin may have opposing effects in various biological systems depending on whether its cofactor roles outweigh its chemical reactivity or vice versa. Sepiapterin reductase (EC 1.1.1.153) catalyzes the reduction of tetrahydro-sepiapterin to tetrahydrobiopterin -the terminal step in this biosynthetic pathway for tetrahydrobiopterin. This reaction is N-acetyl-serotonin-sensitive and can completely inhibit tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis. (PMID: 3881214, 17303893, 3756924, 15223071).

Coproporphyrinogen I

C36H44N4O8 (660.3159)

Coproporphyrinogen I is a porphyrin metabolite arising from heme synthesis. Porphyrins are pigments found in both animal and plant life. Coproporphyrinogen I is a tetrapyrrole dead-end product resulting from the spontaneous oxidation of the methylene bridges of coproporphyrinogen arising from heme synthesis. It is secreted in feces and urine. Coproporphyrinogen I is biosynthesized from the tetrapyrrole hydroxymethylbilane, which is converted by the action of uroporphyrinogen synthase to uroporphyrinogen I. Uroporphyrinogen I is subsequently converted into coproporphyrinogen I through a series of four decarboxylations. Increased levels of coproporphyrinogens can indicate congenital erythropoietic porphyria or sideroblastic anemia, which are inherited disorders. Porphyria is a pathological state characterized by abnormalities of porphyrin metabolism and results in the excretion of large quantities of porphyrins in the urine and in extreme sensitivity to light. A large number of factors are capable of increasing porphyrin excretion, owing to different and multiple causes and etiologies: (1) the main site of the chronic hepatic porphyria disease process concentrates on the liver, (2) a functional and morphologic liver injury is almost regularly associated with this chronic porphyria, and (3) the toxic form due to occupational and environmental exposure takes mainly a subclinical course. Hepatic factors include disturbance in coproporphyrinogen metabolism, which results from inhibition of coproporphyrinogen oxidase as well as from the rapid loss and diminished utilization of coproporphyrinogen in the hepatocytes. This may also explain why coproporphyrin, its autoxidation product, predominates physiologically in the urine. Decreased biliary excretion of coproporphyrin leading to a compensatory urinary excretion. Therefore, the coproporphyrin ring isomer ratio becomes a sensitive index for impaired liver function, intrahepatic cholestasis, and disturbed activity of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase. In itself, secondary coproporphyrinuria is not associated with porphyria symptoms of a hepatologic-gastroenterologic, neurologic, or dermatologic order, even though coproporphyrinuria can occur with such symptoms (PMID: 3327428). Under certain conditions, coproporphyrinogen I can act as a phototoxin, a neurotoxin, and a metabotoxin. A phototoxin leads to cell damage upon exposure to light. A neurotoxin causes damage to nerve cells and nerve tissues. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of porphyrins are associated with porphyrias such as porphyria variegate, acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria (HCP), congenital erythropoietic porphyria, and sideroblastic anemia. There are several types of porphyrias (most are inherited). Hepatic porphyrias are characterized by acute neurological attacks (seizures, psychosis, extreme back and abdominal pain, and an acute polyneuropathy), while the erythropoietic forms present with skin problems (usually a light-sensitive blistering rash and increased hair growth). The neurotoxicity of porphyrins may be due to their selective interactions with tubulin, which disrupt microtubule formation and cause neural malformations (PMID: 3441503). Coproporphyrinogen I can be found in a number of food items, including cascade huckleberry, hyacinth bean, horseradish tree, and watercress. Formed by Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase from Uroporphyrinogen I by decarboxylation of 4 acetates. [HMDB]. Coproporphyrinogen I is found in many foods, some of which are alpine sweetvetch, japanese persimmon, komatsuna, and celery leaves.

3-Methyldioxyindole

C9H9NO2 (163.0633)

3-Methyldioxyindole is a metabolite of aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) (K00128)(EC 1.2.1.3) formed during 3-methylindole metabolism (PMID: 88251990). It is the major urinary metabolite of 3-methylindole. (PMID: 2519781). It is thought that 3-Methyldioxyindole is an in vivo oxidation product of 3-methylindole which is a metabolic product of tryptophan, produced by bacteria in the colon (PMID: 2796599). 3-Methyldioxyindole is a metabolite of aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) (K00128)(EC 1.2.1.3) formed during 3-methylindole metabolism (PMID: 88251990). It is the major urinary metabolite of 3-methylindole. (PMID: 2519781).

Prostaglandin G2

C20H32O6 (368.2199)

Prostaglandin G2 (PGG2) is synthesized from arachidonic acid on a cyclooxygenase (COX) metabolic pathway as a primary step; the COX biosynthesis of prostaglandin (PG) begins with the highly specific oxygenation of arachidonic acid in the 11R configuration and ends with a 15S oxygenation to form PGG2. The COX site activity that catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to PGG2 is the target for nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The peroxidase site activity catalyzes the two-electron reduction of the hydroperoxide bond of PGG2 to yield the corresponding alcohol prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). The formation of a phenoxyl radical on Tyr385 couples the activities of the two sites. The Tyr385 radical is produced via oxidation by compound I, an oxoferryl porphyrin -cation radical, which is generated by reaction of the hemin resting state with PGG2 or other hydroperoxides. The tyrosyl radical homolytically abstracts the 13proS hydrogen atom of arachidonic acid which initiates a radical cascade that ends with the stereoselective formation of PGG2. PGG2 then migrates from the cyclooxygenase (COX) site to the peroxidase (POX) site where it reacts with the hemin group to generate PGH2 and compound I. The heterolytic oxygen-oxygen bond cleavage is assisted by the conserved distal residues His207 and Gln203, mutation of which has been shown to severely impair enzyme activity. Compound I, upon reaction with Tyr385, gives compound II, which in turn is reduced to the hemin resting state by one-electron oxidation of reducing cosubstrates or undergoes reactions that result in enzyme self-inactivation. Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (PGHS) 1 is a bifunctional membrane enzyme of the endoplasmic reticulum that converts arachidonic acid into prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), the precursor of all prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and prostacyclins. These lipid mediators are intricately involved in normal physiology, namely, in mitogenesis, fever generation, pain response, lymphocyte chemotaxis, fertility, and contradictory stimuli such as vasoconstriction and vasodilatation, as well as platelet aggregation and quiescence. PGHS is implicated in numerous pathologies, including inflammation, cancers of the colon, lung, and breast, Alzheimers disease, Parkinsons disease, and numerous cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. (PMID: 14594816, 16552393, 16411757). Prostaglandins are eicosanoids. The eicosanoids consist of the prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), leukotrienes (LTs), and lipoxins (LXs). The PGs and TXs are collectively identified as prostanoids. Prostaglandins were originally shown to be synthesized in the prostate gland, thromboxanes from platelets (thrombocytes), and leukotrienes from leukocytes, hence the derivation of their names. All mammalian cells except erythrocytes synthesize eicosanoids. These molecules are extremely potent, able to cause profound physiological effects at very dilute concentrations. All eicosanoids function locally at the site of synthesis, through receptor-mediated G-protein linked signalling pathways. Prostaglandin G2 (PGG2) is synthesized from arachidonic acid on a cyclooxygenase (COX) metabolic pathway as a primary step; the COX biosynthesis of prostaglandin (PG) begins with the highly specific oxygenation of arachidonic acid in the 11R configuration and ends with a 15S oxygenation to form PGG2. D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides

ent-8(14),15-Pimaradiene

C20H32 (272.2504)

ent-8(14),15-Pimaradiene is found in fruits. ent-8(14),15-Pimaradiene is a constituent of Aralia racemosa (American spikenard). Constituent of Aralia racemosa (American spikenard). ent-8(14),15-Pimaradiene is found in fruits.

Arbutin-6P

C12H17O10P (352.0559)

Diadenosine triphosphate

C20H27N10O16P3 (756.0819)

Diadenosine triphosphate (AP3A) is a diadenosine polyphosphate. Diadenosine polyphosphates (APnAs, n = 3-6) are a family of endogenous vasoactive purine dinucleotides which have been isolated from thrombocytes. APnAs have been demonstrated to be involved in the control of vascular tone as well as the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and hence, possibly, in atherogenesis. APnAs isolated substances are Ap3A, Ap4A, Ap5A, and Ap6A. APnAs are naturally occurring substances that facilitate tear secretion; they are released from the corneal epithelium, they stimulate tear production and therefore they may be considered as physiological modulators of tear secretion. The APnAs were discovered in the mid-sixties in the course of studies on aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS). APnAs have emerged as intracellular and extracellular signalling molecules implicated in the maintenance and regulation of vital cellular functions and become considered as second messengers. Great variety of physiological and pathological effects in mammalian cells was found to be associated with alterations of APnAs. APnAs are polyphosphated nucleotidic substances which are found in the CNS and are known to be released in a calcium-dependent manner from storage vesicles in brain synaptosomes. AP3A is a primer for oligoadenylate synthesis catalyzed by interferon-inducible 2-5A synthetase. AP3A is synthesized in cells by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WRS); cellular level of AP3A significantly increases after interferon treatment. AP3A is an avid inhibitor of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). EDN is a catalytically proficient member of the pancreatic ribonuclease superfamily secreted along with other eosinophil granule proteins during innate host defense responses and various eosinophil-related inflammatory and allergic diseases. The ribonucleolytic activity of EDN is central to its antiviral and neurotoxic activities and possibly to other facets of its biological activity. AP3A accumulates in cells in response to various physiological factors. AP3A FHIT (Fragile histidine Triad) is a human tumor suppressor gene. The Fhit protein is believed to inhibit tumor growth by inducing apoptosis through interaction with AP3A. (PMID: 11212966, 12738682, 11810214, 9607303, 8922753, 9187362, 16401072, 12833632, 11896678). Diadenosine triphosphate (AP3A) is a diadenosine polyphosphate. Diadenosine polyphosphates (APnAs, n = 3-6) are a family of endogenous vasoactive purine dinucleotides which have been isolated from thrombocytes. APnAs have been demonstrated to be involved in the control of vascular tone as well as the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and hence, possibly, in atherogenesis. APnAs isolated substances are Ap3A, Ap4A, Ap5A, and Ap6A. APnAs are naturally occurring substances that facilitate tear secretion; they are released from the corneal epithelium, they stimulate tear production and therefore they may be considered as physiological modulators of tear secretion. The APnAs were discovered in the mid-sixties in the course of studies on aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS). APnAs have emerged as intracellular and extracellular signalling molecules implicated in the maintenance and regulation of vital cellular functions and become considered as second messengers. Great variety of physiological and pathological effects in mammalian cells was found to be associated with alterations of APnAs. APnAs are polyphosphated nucleotidic substances which are found in the CNS and are known to be released in a calcium-dependent manner from storage vesicles in brain synaptosomes. AP3A is a primer for oligoadenylate synthesis catalyzed by interferon-inducible 2-5A synthetase. AP3A is synthesized in cells by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WRS); cellular level of AP3A significantly increases after interferon treatment. AP3A is an avid inhibitor of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). EDN is a catalytically proficient member of the pancreatic ribonuclease superfamily secreted along with other eosinophil granule proteins during innate host defense responses and various eosinophil-related inflammatory and allergic diseases. The ribonucleolytic activity of EDN is central to its antiviral and neurotoxic activities and possibly to other facets of its biological activity. AP3A accumulates in cells in response to various physiological factors.

4-Chlorobiphenyl

C12H9Cl (188.0393)

8-O-4'-Diferulic acid

C14H10Cl4 (317.9537)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

4-Methylbenzaldehyde

C8H8O (120.0575)

4-Methylbenzaldehyde, also known as p-toluylaldehyde or p-formyltoluene, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoyl derivatives. A tolualdehyde compound with the methyl substituent at the 4-position. These are organic compounds containing an acyl moiety of benzoic acid with the formula (C6H5CO-). 4-Methylbenzaldehyde is a cherry and fruity tasting compound. 4-Methylbenzaldehyde has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as caraway, sweet cherries, tea, nuts, and coffee and coffee products. Component of *FEMA 3068* together with the o- and m-isomers. Flavouring ingredient. Methylbenzaldehydes are present in roasted nuts, cooked beef, cider, tomato, coffee, tea and elderberry juice. 4-Methylbenzaldehyde is found in many foods, some of which are tea, caraway, nuts, and garden tomato. p-Tolualdehyde is an endogenous metabolite. p-Tolualdehyde is an endogenous metabolite.

Megestrol

C22H30O3 (342.2195)

G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03A - Hormonal contraceptives for systemic use > G03AC - Progestogens G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03D - Progestogens > G03DB - Pregnadien derivatives L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L02 - Endocrine therapy > L02A - Hormones and related agents > L02AB - Progestogens C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone D012102 - Reproductive Control Agents > D003270 - Contraceptive Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

2-Thioxo-4-thiazolidinone

C3H3NOS2 (132.9656)

Oxandrolone

C19H30O3 (306.2195)

Oxandrolone is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. [PubChem]Oxandrolones interact with androgen receptors in target tissues. A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A14 - Anabolic agents for systemic use > A14A - Anabolic steroids > A14AA - Androstan derivatives D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D045930 - Anabolic Agents D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D000728 - Androgens C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C2360 - Anabolic Steroid

Proparacaine

C16H26N2O3 (294.1943)

Proparacaine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a topical anesthetic drug of the amino ester group. It is available as its hydrochloride salt in ophthalmic solutions at a concentration of 0.5\\%. [Wikipedia]The exact mechanism whereby proparacaine and other local anesthetics influence the permeability of the cell membrane is unknown; however, several studies indicate that local anesthetics may limit sodium ion permeability through the lipid layer of the nerve cell membrane. Proparacaine may alter epithelial sodium channels through interaction with channel protein residues. This limitation prevents the fundamental change necessary for the generation of the action potential. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01H - Local anesthetics > S01HA - Local anesthetics D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent

aldrin

C12H8Cl6 (361.8757)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Acetylisoniazid

C8H9N3O2 (179.0695)

Acetylisoniazid belongs to the family of Pyridinecarboxamides. These are compounds containing a pyridine ring bearing a carboxamide.

Tolcapone

C14H11NO5 (273.0637)

Tolcapone is a drug that inhibits the enzyme catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT). It is used in the treatment of Parkinsons disease as an adjunct to levodopa/carbidopa medication. It is a yellow, odorless, non-hygroscopic, crystalline compound. Tolcapone is associated with a risk of hepatotoxicity. [Wikipedia] D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018726 - Anti-Dyskinesia Agents > D000978 - Antiparkinson Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065098 - Catechol O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors N - Nervous system > N04 - Anti-parkinson drugs > N04B - Dopaminergic agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C38149 - Antiparkinsonian Agent

Methylprednisolone acetate

C24H32O6 (416.2199)

C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C574 - Immunosuppressant > C211 - Therapeutic Corticosteroid D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Dopaxanthin

C18H18N2O8 (390.1063)

Dopaxanthin is produce from the reaction between dopaxanthin quinone and water, with oxygen as the byproduct. The reaction is catalyzed by the tyrosinase precursor enzyme. Dopaxanthin can also be produced by the reaction between portulacaxanthin II, L-ascorbate, and O2, with L-dehydro-ascorbate and H2O as byproducts. The reaction is also catalyzed by the tyrosinase precursor enzyme. Dopaxanthin is produce from the reaction between dopaxanthin quinone and water, with oxygen as the byproduct. The reaction is catalyzed by the tyrosinase precursor enzyme.

tingenone

C28H36O3 (420.2664)

D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

Adynerin

C30H44O7 (516.3087)

Adynerin is a natural steroid found in the herbs of Nerium oleander.

Precocene II

C13H16O3 (220.1099)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals Precocene II is the insect antijuvenile hormone[1].

Candletoxin A

C35H44O9 (608.2985)

(+)-Mahanimbine

C23H25NO (331.1936)

(±)-Mahanimbine is found in herbs and spices. (±)-Mahanimbine is an alkaloid from the stem bark of Murraya koenigii (curryleaf tree Alkaloid from the stem bark of Murraya koenigii (curryleaf tree). (±)-Mahanimbine is found in herbs and spices.

Multistatin

C20H22O6 (358.1416)

(-)-alpha-Curcumene

C15H22 (202.1721)

1-[(2R)-hex-5-en-2-yl]-4-methylbenzene is a member of the class of compounds known as aromatic monoterpenoids. Aromatic monoterpenoids are monoterpenoids containing at least one aromatic ring. (-)-alpha-Curcumene belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sesquiterpenoids. These are terpenes with three consecutive isoprene units.

alpha-eudesmol

C15H26O (222.1984)

A eudesmane sesquiterpenoid in which the eudesmane skeleton carries a hydroxy substituent at C-11 and has a double bond between C-3 and C-4.

Ascaridole

C10H16O2 (168.115)

Ascaridole is found in cardamom. Said to be the major constituent of oil of Peumus boldus (boldo).Ascaridole is a natural organic compound classified as a bicyclic monoterpene that has an unusual bridging peroxide functional group. It is the primary constituent of the oil of Mexican Tea (Dysphania ambrosioides, formerly Chenopodium ambrosioides). It is a colorless liquid that is soluble in most organic solvents. Like other low molecular weight organic peroxides, it is unstable and prone to explosion when heated or treated with organic acids Said to be the major constituent of oil of Peumus boldus (boldo) D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides

Chaksine

C22H38N6O4 (450.2954)

Xanthochymol

C38H50O6 (602.3607)

Xanthochymol is found in fruits. Xanthochymol is a constituent of the famine food Garcinia xanthochymus

Perlolyrine

C16H12N2O2 (264.0899)

Alkaloid from Korean ginseng and Japanese soy sauce. Perlolyrine is found in saffron, soy bean, and herbs and spices. Perlolyrine is found in herbs and spices. Perlolyrine is an alkaloid from Korean ginseng and Japanese soy sauc

Marchantin A

C28H24O5 (440.1624)

Irisolidone

C17H14O6 (314.079)

Irisolidone is a major isoflavone found in Pueraria lobata flowers. Irisolidone exhibits potent hepatoprotective activity. Irisolidone shows the high efficacy for volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC) blockade (IC50=9.8 μM)[1][2][3]. Irisolidone is a major isoflavone found in Pueraria lobata flowers. Irisolidone exhibits potent hepatoprotective activity. Irisolidone shows the high efficacy for volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC) blockade (IC50=9.8 μM)[1][2][3].

Celabenzine

C23H29N3O2 (379.226)

A cyclic spermidine alkaloid that is 2-phenyl-1,5,9-triazacyclotridecan-4-one in which the amino hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a benzoyl group.

Cryptopleurine

C24H27NO3 (377.1991)

An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is (14aR)-11,12,13,14,14a,15-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[f,h]pyrido[1,2-b]isoquinoline substituted at positions 2, 3 and 6 by methoxy groups. D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011500 - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

Graveoline

C17H13NO3 (279.0895)

Graveoline is found in herbs and spices. Graveoline is an alkaloid from Ruta graveolens (rue). Alkaloid from Ruta graveolens (rue). Graveoline is found in herbs and spices. Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1]. Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1].

Caulophylline

C12H16N2O (204.1263)

N-Methylcytisine (Caulophylline), a tricyclic quinolizidine alkaloid, exerts hypoglycaemic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. N-methylcytisine is a selective ligand of nicotinic receptors of acetylcholine in the central nervous system and has a high affinity (Kd = 50 nM) to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) from squid optical ganglia[1][2]. N-Methylcytisine (Caulophylline), a tricyclic quinolizidine alkaloid, exerts hypoglycaemic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. N-methylcytisine is a selective ligand of nicotinic receptors of acetylcholine in the central nervous system and has a high affinity (Kd = 50 nM) to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) from squid optical ganglia[1][2]. N-Methylcytisine (Caulophylline), a tricyclic quinolizidine alkaloid, exerts hypoglycaemic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. N-methylcytisine is a selective ligand of nicotinic receptors of acetylcholine in the central nervous system and has a high affinity (Kd = 50 nM) to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) from squid optical ganglia[1][2].

PMEG

C8H12N5O5P (289.0576)

CE(16:0)

C43H76O2 (624.5845)

CE(16:0), also known as cholesteryl palmitic acid, is a cholesteryl ester. A cholesteryl ester is an ester of cholesterol. Fatty acid esters of cholesterol constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination of steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima (the innermost layer of an artery, in direct contact with the flowing blood) is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting arterial blood vessels. It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries, in large part to the deposition of lipoproteins (plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides). CE(16:0) may also accumulate in hereditary hypercholesterolemia, an inborn error of metabolism. Cholesteryl palmitate is one of the four important lipids found in the tear film. Amniotic fluid cholesteryl palmitate, as measured by thin-layer chromatography, appears to be a very sensitive and specific predictor for the risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns of normal pregnancies (PMID:3405552, 16922549). Cholesteryl palmitic acid is a cholesteryl ester. A cholesteryl ester is an ester of cholesterol. Fatty acid esters of cholesterol constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima (the innermost layer of an artery, in direct contact with the flowing blood) is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting arterial blood vessels. It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries, in large part to the deposition of lipoproteins (plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides). Cholesteryl palmitate is one of the four important lipids found in the tear film. Amniotic fluid cholesteryl palmitate, as measured by thin-layer chromatography, appears to be a very sensitive and specific predictor for the risk of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in newborns of normal pregnancies. (PMID: 3405552, 16922549) [HMDB]

SN38 glucuronide

C28H28N2O11 (568.1693)

SN38 glucuronide is a metabolite of irinotecan. Irinotecan is a drug used for the treatment of cancer. Irinotecan prevents DNA from unwinding by inhibition of topoisomerase 1. In chemical terms, it is a semisynthetic analogue of the natural alkaloid camptothecin. Its main use is in colon cancer, in particular, in combination with other chemotherapy agents. This includes the regimen FOLFIRI, which consists of infusional 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan. Irinotecan received accelerated approval by the U.S. (Wikipedia)

Asperuloside tetraacetate

C26H30O15 (582.1585)

Telomestatin

C26H14N8O7S (582.0706)

Telomestatin is a naturally occurring organic compound classified as a cyclic phenolphthioceramide derivative. It is isolated from the fermentation broth of microorganisms and is known for its antitumor properties. The name "telomestatin" reflects its primary mode of action, which is the inhibition of telomerase, an enzyme crucial for the maintenance of chromosome stability and cell proliferation, particularly in cancer cells where telomerase activity is often elevated. Telomerase is responsible for adding repetitive DNA sequences called telomeres to the ends of chromosomes, which prevents the loss of genetic material during DNA replication and cell division. By inhibiting telomerase, telomestatin interferes with the ability of cancer cells to divide and proliferate, making it a potential candidate for antitumor therapy. The compound's unique chemical structure allows it to bind specifically to the telomerase RNA component, thereby blocking the enzyme's activity. The discovery and study of telomestatin have contributed to the understanding of telomerase biology and the development of potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.

FA 18:1

C18H34O2 (282.2559)

trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level.

Pyricarbate

C11H15N3O4 (253.1063)

C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Same as: D01396

ST 24:5;O4

C24H32O4 (384.23)

C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones Same as: D01617 D012102 - Reproductive Control Agents > D003270 - Contraceptive Agents Same as: D01294

I-123 BMIPP

C22H35IO2 (458.1682)

C1446 - Radiopharmaceutical Compound > C2124 - Radioconjugate Same as: D06608

Tenofovir disoproxil

C19H30N5O10P (519.173)

J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J05 - Antivirals for systemic use > J05A - Direct acting antivirals > J05AF - Nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents > D018894 - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents > D044966 - Anti-Retroviral Agents COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

Demanyl phosphate

C4H12NO4P (169.0504)

Monobromobisphenol A

C15H15BrO2 (306.0255)

2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol

C15H16O3 (244.1099)

Naspm

C22H34N4O (370.2732)

Naspm (1-Naphthyl acetyl spermine), a synthetic analogue of Joro spider toxin, is a calcium permeable AMPA (CP-AMPA) receptors antagonist.

Tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone

C21H34O3 (334.2508)

The neurosteroid allotetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC) is an allosteric modulator of the GABA(A) receptor. Although the role of THDOC within the brain is undefined, recent studies indicate that stress induces THDOC to levels that can activate GABA(A) receptors. These results might have significant implications for human stress-sensitive conditions such as epilepsy, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. (PMID 12628349) [HMDB] The neurosteroid allotetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC) is an allosteric modulator of the GABA(A) receptor. Although the role of THDOC within the brain is undefined, recent studies indicate that stress induces THDOC to levels that can activate GABA(A) receptors. These results might have significant implications for human stress-sensitive conditions such as epilepsy, post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. (PMID 12628349). D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014151 - Anti-Anxiety Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D000081227 - Neurosteroids 3α,21-Dihydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one (THDOC), an endogenous neurosteroid, is a positive modulator of GABAA receptors. 3α,21-Dihydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one potentiates neuronal response to low concentrations of GABA at α4β1δ GABAA receptors in vitro.

Bufuralol

C16H23NO2 (261.1729)

C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C72900 - Adrenergic Antagonist D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D018674 - Adrenergic Antagonists Bufuralol (Ro 3-4787) is a potent non-selective, orally active β-adrenoreceptor antagonist with partial agonist activity. Bufuralol hydrochloride is a CYP2D6 probe substrate[1][2][3][4].

JSTX-3

C27H47N7O6 (565.3588)

D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014688 - Venoms

4-Biphenylol

C12H10O (170.0732)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4839; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4835 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4862; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4859 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4882; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4877 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4893; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4890 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4872; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4871 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4890; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4887

4-Heptyloxyphenol

C13H20O2 (208.1463)

3-Deoxyestradiol

C18H24O (256.1827)

Monobenzone

C13H12O2 (200.0837)

Monobenzone is the monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone used medically for depigmentation. Monobenzone occurs as a white, almost tasteless crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol and practically insoluble in water. The topical application of monobenzone in animals increases the excretion of melanin from the melanocytes. The same action is thought to be responsible for the depigmenting effect of the drug in humans. Monobenzone may cause destruction of melanocytes and permanent depigmentation. D - Dermatologicals Same as: D05072

4-Dodecylphenol

C18H30O (262.2297)

3-Chlorophenol

C6H5ClO (128.0029)

1,2-DIBROMO-3-CHLOROPROPANE

C3H5Br2Cl (233.8446)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000871 - Anthelmintics D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Pentachloronitrobenzene

C6Cl5NO2 (292.8372)

D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides

Fenobucarb

C12H17NO2 (207.1259)

C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor

Dihydrogenistein

C15H12O5 (272.0685)

Dihydrogenistein is a metabolite of the soy isoflavone genistin (the glycoside conjugate of genistein) by intestinal bacteria. Isoflavones are one of the three major classes of phytoestrogens; phytoestrogens are a diverse group of plant-derived compounds that structurally and functionally mimic mammalian estrogen. The isoflavone genistin is one of the most prevalent in soy foods. They are biologically inactive; once ingested, they are cleaved by glucosidases to "aglycones", genistein. Epidemiological studies have associated high soy intake with a lowered risk for certain hormone-dependent disease. Many studies reveal that the incidence of prostate cancer and breast cancer is much lower in Asian people in comparison to people from the West and, and the prevailing contribution to this difference has been attributed to the diet. Soy foods and soy-derived products which contain abundant isoflavones are consumed in large quantities by Asian people. In vitro, isoflavone metabolites have dual functions: they can act as an estrogenic agonist or antagonist depending on the estrogen concentration. (PMID: 17499260, 16965913) [HMDB]. Dihydrogenistein is a biomarker for the consumption of soy beans and other soy products. Dihydrogenistein is a metabolite of the soy isoflavone genistin (the glycoside conjugate of genistein) by intestinal bacteria. Isoflavones are one of the three major classes of phytoestrogens; phytoestrogens are a diverse group of plant-derived compounds that structurally and functionally mimic mammalian estrogen. The isoflavone genistin is one of the most prevalent in soy foods. They are biologically inactive; once ingested, they are cleaved by glucosidases to "aglycones", genistein. Epidemiological studies have associated high soy intake with a lowered risk for certain hormone-dependent disease. Many studies reveal that the incidence of prostate cancer and breast cancer is much lower in Asian people in comparison to people from the West and, and the prevailing contribution to this difference has been attributed to the diet. Soy foods and soy-derived products which contain abundant isoflavones are consumed in large quantities by Asian people. In vitro, isoflavone metabolites have dual functions: they can act as an estrogenic agonist or antagonist depending on the estrogen concentration. (PMID: 17499260, 16965913). Dihydrogenistein is a biomarker for the consumption of soy beans and other soy products.

p-Amylphenol

C11H16O (164.1201)

16-Dehydropregenolone Acetate

C23H32O3 (356.2351)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Silux

C29H36O8 (512.241)

D001697 - Biomedical and Dental Materials > D003764 - Dental Materials

Ethyl-4,4-dichlorobenzilate

C16H14Cl2O3 (324.032)

Ethamoxytriphetol

C27H33NO3 (419.246)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D004965 - Estrogen Antagonists

Heptyl 4-hydroxybenzoate

C14H20O3 (236.1412)

Heptyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, also known as heptylparaben or nipaheptyl, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as p-hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters. These are aromatic compounds containing a benzoic acid, which is esterified with an alkyl group and para-substituted with a hydroxyl group. Heptyl 4-hydroxybenzoate is used as a food additive ("EAFUS: Everything Added to Food in the United States. "). Heptyl 4-hydroxybenzoate is a potentially toxic compound. No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). These are compounds containing an hydroxybenzoic acid (or a derivative), which is a benzene ring bearing a carboxylic acid. It is used as a food additive . CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 575; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5546; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5541 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 575; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5537; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5532 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 575; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5548; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5545 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 575; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5514; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5512 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 575; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5543; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5539 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 575; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5543; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5540 D010592 - Pharmaceutic Aids > D011310 - Preservatives, Pharmaceutical > D010226 - Parabens It is used as a food additive .

Stilben-4-ol

C14H12O (196.0888)

4-Bromocatechol

C6H5BrO2 (187.9473)

4-Bromocatechol is classified as a member of the Catechols. Catechols are compounds containing a 1,2-benzenediol moiety. 4-Bromocatechol is considered to be soluble (in water) and acidic

Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol

C20H14O2 (286.0994)

This compound belongs to the family of Pyrenes. These are compounds containing a pyrene moiety, which consists four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.

2-Nitroestrone

C18H21NO4 (315.1471)

7-a,25-Dihydroxycholesterol

C27H46O3 (418.3447)

7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-OHC) is a potent and selective agonist and endogenous ligand of the orphan GPCR receptor EBI2 (GPR183). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol is highly potent at activating EBI2 (EC50=140 pM; Kd=450 pM). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol can serve as a chemokine directing migration of B cells, T cells and dendritic cells[1][2].

6-ECDCA

C26H44O4 (420.3239)

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A05 - Bile and liver therapy > A05A - Bile therapy > A05AA - Bile acids and derivatives C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D001647 - Bile Acids and Salts D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002793 - Cholic Acids Same as: D09360

GSK 4716

C17H18N2O2 (282.1368)

Campestanol

C28H50O (402.3861)

Campestanol is plant stanol. It can decrease the circulating LDL-cholesterol level by reducing intestinal cholesterol absorption. (PMID 8143759). Constituent of coffee and of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis)

Dihydrophaseic acid

C15H22O5 (282.1467)

Dihydrophaseic acid is an apo carotenoid sesquiterpenoid that is phaseic acid in which the keto group has been reduced to the corresponding alcohol such that the two hydroxy groups are on opposite sides of the 6-membered ring. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a 6-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid, a cyclic ether, a tertiary alcohol, a secondary alcohol, an apo carotenoid sesquiterpenoid and an alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid. It is functionally related to a phaseic acid. Dihydrophaseic acid is a natural product found in Breynia rostrata, Sophora alopecuroides, and other organisms with data available. Dihydrophaseic acid (DPA), also known as 4-dihydrophaseic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as abscisic acid and derivatives. These are terpene compounds containing the abscisic acid moiety, which is characterized by a 3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid attached to the C1 carbon of a 4-oxocyclohex-2-ene moiety. Dihydrophaseic acid is found in coconut. Dihydrophaseic acid is isolated from French beans. An apo carotenoid sesquiterpenoid that is phaseic acid in which the keto group has been reduced to the corresponding alcohol such that the two hydroxy groups are on opposite sides of the 6-membered ring. Isolated from French beans. Dihydrophaseic acid is found in many foods, some of which are sunflower, corn, pulses, and coconut.

Benzeneacetonitrile

C8H7N (117.0578)

Isolated from oil of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and other plant oils. Benzeneacetonitrile is found in many foods, some of which are peppermint, garden tomato (variety), papaya, and kohlrabi. Benzeneacetonitrile is found in garden cress. Benzeneacetonitrile is isolated from oil of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and other plant oils.

7-Methylxanthosine

C11H15N4O6+ (299.0992)

7-methylxanthosine is a member of the class of compounds known as purine nucleosides. Purine nucleosides are compounds comprising a purine base attached to a ribosyl or deoxyribosyl moiety. 7-methylxanthosine is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 7-methylxanthosine can be found in arabica coffee, which makes 7-methylxanthosine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.

beta-Bisabolene

C15H24 (204.1878)

S-beta-Bisabolene is found in anise. S-beta-Bisabolene is a constituent of the essential oils of bergamot, lemon and wild carrot Flavouring ingredient used singly or as mixed isomers. Component of FEMA 3331. See also 2,7,10-Bisabolatriene JHG85-W β-Bisabolene is a?sesquiterpene isolated from?opoponax (Commiphora guidotti). β-Bisabolene, an anti-cancer agent, can be used for the study of breast cancer[1]. β-Bisabolene is a?sesquiterpene isolated from?opoponax (Commiphora guidotti). β-Bisabolene, an anti-cancer agent, can be used for the study of breast cancer[1].

5alpha-Cyprinol

C27H48O5 (452.3502)

Uncineol

C15H26O (222.1984)

Ignavine

C27H31NO5 (449.2202)

alpha-Cyperene

C15H24 (204.1878)

Isolated from Cyperus rotundus (nutgrass) and other plants. alpha-Cyperene is found in burdock and root vegetables. alpha-Cyperene is found in burdock. alpha-Cyperene is isolated from Cyperus rotundus (nutgrass) and other plant

2-epi-5-epi-Valiolone 7-phosphate

C7H13O9P (272.0297)

A member of the class of cyclitols that is 2-epi-5-epi-valiolone carrying a phospho substituent at position 7.

7a-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone

C19H28O3 (304.2038)

7a-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone is a major metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which is is 7alpha-hydroxylated by the cytochrome P450 7B1 (EC 1.14.13.100, 25-hydroxycholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, CYP7B1) in the human brain and liver microsomes. Exposure to the proinflammatory cytokines TNFalpha, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-17 increases CYP7B activity in synovial tissue. Increased CYP7B activity leads to higher levels of the DHEA metabolite 7alpha-OH-DHEA in synovial fluid, which may contribute to the maintenance of the chronic inflammation observed in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The glucocorticoid dhydrocorticosterone inhibits the conversion of DHEA to 7a-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone. The total levels of 7a-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone are increased in serum of patients with Alzheimers disease. (PMID: 17467270, 15751070, 12667489, 9520908) [HMDB] 7a-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone is a major metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which is is 7alpha-hydroxylated by the cytochrome P450 7B1 (EC 1.14.13.100, 25-hydroxycholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, CYP7B1) in the human brain and liver microsomes. Exposure to the proinflammatory cytokines TNFalpha, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-17 increases CYP7B activity in synovial tissue. Increased CYP7B activity leads to higher levels of the DHEA metabolite 7alpha-OH-DHEA in synovial fluid, which may contribute to the maintenance of the chronic inflammation observed in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The glucocorticoid dhydrocorticosterone inhibits the conversion of DHEA to 7a-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone. The total levels of 7a-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone are increased in serum of patients with Alzheimers disease. (PMID: 17467270, 15751070, 12667489, 9520908). D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Pyropheophorbide a

C33H34N4O3 (534.2631)

Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a promising photosensitizer for tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT)[1].

Cytarabine

C9H13N3O5 (243.0855)

Cytarabine, or cytosine arabinoside, a pyrimidine nucleoside analog, is found in mushrooms. Cytarabine is isolated from the mushroom Xerocomus nigromaculatus of unknown palatability. Cytarabine is an antineoplastic anti-metabolite used in the treatment of several forms of leukemia including acute myelogenous leukemia and meningeal leukemia. Cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Its actions are specific for the S phase of the cell cycle to stop normal cell development and division. Cytarabine is metabolized intracellularly into its active triphosphate form (cytosine arabinoside triphosphate). This metabolite then damages DNA by multiple mechanisms, including the inhibition of alpha-DNA polymerase, inhibition of DNA repair through an effect on beta-DNA polymerase, and incorporation into DNA. The latter mechanism is probably the most important. Cytotoxicity is highly specific for the S phase of the cell cycle. Cytarabine is a chemotherapy agent used mainly in the treatment of hematological malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is also known as ara C. Cytosine arabinoside is an antimetabolic agent with the chemical name of 1 -arabinofuranosylcytosine. Its mode of action is due to its rapid conversion into cytosine arabinoside triphosphate, which damages DNA when the cell cycle holds in the S phase (synthesis of DNA). Rapidly dividing cells, which require DNA replication for mitosis, are therefore most affected. Cytosine arabinoside also inhibits both DNA and RNA polymerases and nucleotide reductase enzymes needed for DNA synthesis L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L01 - Antineoplastic agents > L01B - Antimetabolites > L01BC - Pyrimidine analogues C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C272 - Antimetabolite D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents KEIO_ID C119; [MS2] KO008896 KEIO_ID C119 Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Cytarabine, a nucleoside analog, causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase. Cytarabine inhibits DNA synthesis with an IC50 of 16 nM. Cytarabine has antiviral effects against HSV. Cytarabine shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity. Cytarabine, a nucleoside analog, causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase. Cytarabine inhibits DNA synthesis with an IC50 of 16 nM. Cytarabine has antiviral effects against HSV. Cytarabine shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.

(±)-Tryptophan

C11H12N2O2 (204.0899)

(±)-Tryptophan is a dietary supplement, nutrient.Tryptophan is one of the 20 standard amino acids, as well as an essential amino acid in the human diet. Only the L-stereoisomer of tryptophan is used in structural or enzyme proteins, but the D-stereoisomer is occasionally found in naturally produced peptides (for example, the marine venom peptide contryphan). (Wikipedia Dietary supplement, nutrient DL-Tryptophan is an endogenous metabolite.

inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate

C6H17O21P5 (579.895)

Graveoline

C17H13NO3 (279.0895)

D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents > D011564 - Furocoumarins Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1]. Graveoline (Rutamine) is an anti-cancer agent that can trigger apoptosis and autophagy in skin melanoma cells. Graveoline also exhibits antifungal activity[1].

Ergostanol

C28H50O (402.3861)

Thermopsine

C15H20N2O (244.1576)

relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.155 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.144 Thermopsine is a quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from the fruits and pods and stem bark of Sophora velutina subsp. Thermopsine has antibacterial activity[1].

Rhoifolin

C27H30O14 (578.1635)

Apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside is an apigenin derivative having an alpha-(1->2)-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety attached to the 7-hydroxy group. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a neohesperidoside, a dihydroxyflavone and a glycosyloxyflavone. It is functionally related to an apigenin. Rhoifolin is a natural product found in Ligustrum robustum, Lonicera japonica, and other organisms with data available. Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside can be isolated from Rhus succedanea. Rhoifolin has anti-diabetic effect acting through enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation. Rhoifolin has an anti-inflammatory action via multi-level regulation of inflammatory mediators. Rhoifolin ameliorates titanium particle-stimulated osteolysis and attenuates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Rhoifolin also has cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines[1][2][3]. Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside can be isolated from Rhus succedanea. Rhoifolin has anti-diabetic effect acting through enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation. Rhoifolin has an anti-inflammatory action via multi-level regulation of inflammatory mediators. Rhoifolin ameliorates titanium particle-stimulated osteolysis and attenuates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Rhoifolin also has cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines[1][2][3]. Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside can be isolated from Rhus succedanea. Rhoifolin has anti-diabetic effect acting through enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation. Rhoifolin has an anti-inflammatory action via multi-level regulation of inflammatory mediators. Rhoifolin ameliorates titanium particle-stimulated osteolysis and attenuates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Rhoifolin also has cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines[1][2][3].

Dihydro-resveratrol

C14H14O3 (230.0943)

Dihydroresveratrol is a stilbenol that is 1,1-ethane-1,2-diyldibenzene with hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 4. It has a role as a xenobiotic metabolite and a plant metabolite. Dihydroresveratrol is a natural product found in Blasia pusilla, Dioscorea dumetorum, and other organisms with data available. A stilbenol that is 1,1-ethane-1,2-diyldibenzene with hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 4. Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1]. Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1].

5,7,3'-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavanone

C16H14O6 (302.079)

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one is an ether and a member of flavonoids. 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one is a natural product found in Allium caeruleum, Allium caesium, and other organisms with data available. The S-form is It is isolated from Brickellia vernicosa, Persica vulgaris (preferred genus name Prunus), Citrus and Mentha species [CCD (Rac)-Hesperetin is the racemate of Hesperetin. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin induces apoptosis via p38 MAPK activation. (Rac)-Hesperetin is the racemate of Hesperetin. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin induces apoptosis via p38 MAPK activation. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin regulates apoptosis. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin regulates apoptosis.

Cedrol

C15H26O (222.1984)

Cedrol is a cedrane sesquiterpenoid and a tertiary alcohol. Cedrol is a natural product found in Xylopia aromatica, Widdringtonia whytei, and other organisms with data available. Cedrol is a bioactive sesquiterpene, a potent competitive inhibitor of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes. Cedrol inhibits CYP2B6-mediated bupropion hydroxylase and CYP3A4-mediated midazolam hydroxylation with Ki of 0.9 μM and 3.4 μM, respectively. Cedrol also has weak inhibitory effect on CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 enzymes[1]. Cedrol is found in cedar essential oil and poetesses anti-septic, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, tonic, astringent, diuretic, insecticidal, and anti-fungal activities[2]. Cedrol is a bioactive sesquiterpene, a potent competitive inhibitor of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes. Cedrol inhibits CYP2B6-mediated bupropion hydroxylase and CYP3A4-mediated midazolam hydroxylation with Ki of 0.9 μM and 3.4 μM, respectively. Cedrol also has weak inhibitory effect on CYP2C8, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 enzymes[1]. Cedrol is found in cedar essential oil and poetesses anti-septic, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, tonic, astringent, diuretic, insecticidal, and anti-fungal activities[2].

Neocnidilide

C12H18O2 (194.1307)

Sedanolide is a member of 2-benzofurans. Sedanolide is a natural product found in Ligusticum striatum, Angelica sinensis, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of celery oil. Neocnidilide is found in many foods, some of which are dill, coriander, wild celery, and green vegetables. Neocnidilide is found in coriander. Neocnidilide is a constituent of celery oil Sedanolide, a natural compound occurring in edible umbelliferous plants, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities[1][2]. Sedanolide, a natural compound occurring in edible umbelliferous plants, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities[1][2].

Acridone

C13H9NO (195.0684)

Acridone is a member of the class of acridines that is 9,10-dihydroacridine substituted by an oxo group at position 9. It is a member of acridines and a cyclic ketone. Acridone is a natural product found in Thamnosma montana with data available. Acridone is an organic compound based on the acridine skeleton. Acridone has antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral and anti neoplastic activities[1]. Acridone is an organic compound based on the acridine skeleton. Acridone has antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral and anti neoplastic activities[1].

Pelargonin

C27H31O15+ (595.1663)

Pelargonin is a member of the class of compounds known as anthocyanidin-5-o-glycosides. Anthocyanidin-5-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing one anthocyanidin moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to a carbohydrate moiety at the C5-position. Pelargonin is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Pelargonin can be found in a number of food items such as green bean, grass pea, pomegranate, and yellow wax bean, which makes pelargonin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Pelargonin is an anthocyanin. It is the 3,5-O-diglucoside of pelargonidin . Pelargonin, also known as pelargonin chloride (CAS: 17334-58-6), belongs to the class of organic compounds known as anthocyanidin-5-O-glycosides. These are phenolic compounds containing one anthocyanidin moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to a carbohydrate moiety at the C5-position. Pelargonin is a pigment found in barberries, the petals of the scarlet pelargonium flower pomegranates, and red wine. Pelargonin is found in common bean.

Tauro-β-muricholic acid

C26H45NO7S (515.2917)

Tauro-b-muricholic acid is a bile acid. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depending only on the presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g. membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135). Tauro-b-muricholic acid is a bile acid. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D001647 - Bile Acids and Salts D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002793 - Cholic Acids

alpha-Curcumene

C15H22 (202.1721)

alpha-Curcumene belongs to the family of Sesquiterpenes. These are terpenes with three consecutive isoprene units

Phosphodimethylethanolamine

C4H12NO4P (169.0504)

Phosphomonomethylethanolamine, phosphodimethylethanolamine and phosphocholine were weak competitive inhibitors of the cytidylyltransferase catalyzed reaction when phosphoethanolamine was used as a substrate, with Ki values of 7.0, 6.8 and 52.9 mM, respectively. (PMID: 8130268) Unlike the plant and Plasmodium PEAMT, which catalyze all three methylations in the pathway, PMT-2 catalyzes only the last two steps in the pathway, i.e., the methylation of phosphomonomethylethanolamine (P-MME) to phosphodimethylethanolamine (P-DME) and of P-DME to phosphocholine. (PMID: 16681378)

Rotundone

C15H22O (218.1671)

Rotundone is found in root vegetables. Rotundone is a constituent of the essential oil of Cyperus rotundus (nutgrass). Constituent of the essential oil of Cyperus rotundus (nutgrass). Rotundone is found in root vegetables.

Pyrophaeophorbide a

C33H34N4O3 (534.2631)

Pyrophaeophorbide a is found in tea. Pyrophaeophorbide a is isolated from te Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a promising photosensitizer for tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT)[1].

Linolenelaidic acid

C18H30O2 (278.2246)

Linolenelaidic acid is found in fats and oils. Linolenelaidic acid is isolated from seed oil of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius Isolated from seed oil of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). Linolenelaidic acid is found in fats and oils.

13-HPODE(1-)

C18H32O4 (312.23)

13-HPODE(1-) is also known as 13-Hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoate. 13-HPODE(1-) is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and acidic

(1S,2R,3S,6S,7S,8S)-1,8,9,10,11,11-Hexachlorotetracyclo[6.2.1.13,6.02,7]dodeca-4,9-diene

C12H8Cl6 (361.8757)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

(2R,3S)-Epoxiconazole

C17H13ClFN3O (329.0731)

D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides

Keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid

C8H14O8 (238.0689)

6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic acid

C26H44O4 (420.3239)

D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D001647 - Bile Acids and Salts D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002793 - Cholic Acids

AP3A-lyophilized

C20H27N10O16P3 (756.0819)

Bufogenin

C24H32O4 (384.23)

D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents

C-Quens

C23H29ClO4 (404.1754)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

sitostanol

C29H52O (416.4018)

Constituent of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis), sweet corn (Zea mays) and Carolina allspice (Calycanthus floridus). Stigmastanol is found in many foods, some of which are corn, fats and oils, pepper (spice), and soy bean. D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68422 - Saturated Phytosterol D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2]. Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2].

Momordin B

C36H56O9 (632.3924)

Momordin b, also known as oleanolic acid 3-O-glucuronide or 3-O-(b-D-glucopyranuronosyl)oleanolate, is a member of the class of compounds known as triterpene saponins. Triterpene saponins are glycosylated derivatives of triterpene sapogenins. The sapogenin moiety backbone is usually based on the oleanane, ursane, taraxastane, bauerane, lanostane, lupeol, lupane, dammarane, cycloartane, friedelane, hopane, 9b,19-cyclo-lanostane, cycloartane, or cycloartanol skeleton. Momordin b is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Momordin b can be found in bitter gourd, which makes momordin b a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Calenduloside E (CE) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin extracted from Aralia elata. Calenduloside E (CE) has anti-apoptotic potent by targeting heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)[1]. Calenduloside E (CE) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin extracted from Aralia elata. Calenduloside E (CE) has anti-apoptotic potent by targeting heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)[1].

6-Octadecenoic acid

C18H34O2 (282.2559)

Isolated from volatiles of Coriandrum sativum (coriander), Anethum sowa (Indian dill), Cuminum cyminum (cumin), Daucus carota (carrot), Nigella sativa (black cumin), Apium graveolens (celery), Pimpinella anisum (anise) and Petroselinum sativum (parsley) [CCD]. 6-Octadecenoic acid is found in dill. Minor constituent of plant oils. Constituent of milk fat and from porcine parasites Oesophagostomum dentatum and Oesophagostomum quadrispinulatum [CCD]. Petroselaidic acid is found in fats and oils.

L-Cysteic acid

C3H7NO5S (169.0045)

Cysteinesulfonic acid, also known as (2r)-2-amino-3-sulfopropanoic acid or 3-sulfoalanine, is a member of the class of compounds known as L-alpha-amino acids. L-alpha-amino acids are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. Cysteinesulfonic acid is soluble (in water) and an extremely strong acidic compound (based on its pKa). Cysteinesulfonic acid can be found in a number of food items such as roman camomile, pili nut, chicory, and garden tomato, which makes cysteinesulfonic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.

Salicyluric acid

C9H9NO4 (195.0532)

Salicyluric acid is an endogenous metabolite.

Techtochrysin

C16H12O4 (268.0736)

Tectochrysin is a monohydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 7 respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antidiarrhoeal drug and an antineoplastic agent. It is a monohydroxyflavone and a monomethoxyflavone. It is functionally related to a flavone. Tectochrysin is a natural product found in Hedychium spicatum, Populus laurifolia, and other organisms with data available. A monohydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 7 respectively. Tectochrysin (Techtochrysin) is one of the major flavonoids of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel. Tectochrysin inhibits activity of NF-κB. Tectochrysin (Techtochrysin) is one of the major flavonoids of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel. Tectochrysin inhibits activity of NF-κB.

6-Hydroxydaidzein

C15H10O5 (270.0528)

4,6,7-trihydroxyisoflavone is a hydroxyisoflavone that is daidzein bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 6. It has a role as a metabolite, a PPARalpha agonist, a PPARgamma agonist, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antimutagen and an EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor. It is functionally related to a daidzein. 6,7,4-Trihydroxyisoflavone is a natural product found in Capsicum annuum with data available. 6-Hydroxydaidzein is found in pulses. 6-Hydroxydaidzein is isolated from fermented soybeans (Glycine max Isolated from fermented soybeans (Glycine max). 6-Hydroxydaidzein is found in soy bean and pulses. A hydroxyisoflavone that is daidzein bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 6.

Irisolidone

C17H14O6 (314.079)

Irisolidone is a member of 4-methoxyisoflavones. Irisolidone is a natural product found in Dalbergia sissoo, Wisteria brachybotrys, and other organisms with data available. Irisolidone is a major isoflavone found in Pueraria lobata flowers. Irisolidone exhibits potent hepatoprotective activity. Irisolidone shows the high efficacy for volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC) blockade (IC50=9.8 μM)[1][2][3]. Irisolidone is a major isoflavone found in Pueraria lobata flowers. Irisolidone exhibits potent hepatoprotective activity. Irisolidone shows the high efficacy for volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC) blockade (IC50=9.8 μM)[1][2][3].

Stachydrine

C7H13NO2 (143.0946)

L-proline betaine is an amino acid betaine that is L-proline zwitterion in which both of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. It has a role as a food component, a plant metabolite and a human blood serum metabolite. It is a N-methyl-L-alpha-amino acid, an alkaloid and an amino-acid betaine. It is functionally related to a L-prolinium. It is a conjugate base of a N,N-dimethyl-L-prolinium. It is an enantiomer of a D-proline betaine. Stachydrine is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Stachydrine is a natural product found in Teucrium polium, Halopithys incurva, and other organisms with data available. Proline betaine is an osmoprotective compound found in urine. It is thought to serve an osmoprotective role for the kidney. Proline betaine is a glycine betaine analogue found in many citrus foods. Elevated levels of proline betaine in human urine are found after the consumption of citrus fruits and juices (PMID: 18060588). Proline betaine is a biomarker for the consumption of citrus fruits. Alkaloid from Citrus spp Medicago sativa and Stachys subspecies(alfalfa). L-Stachydrine or also called proline betaine is a biomarker for the consumption of citrus fruits. L-Stachydrine is found in many foods, some of which are capers, pulses, lemon, and alfalfa. An amino acid betaine that is L-proline zwitterion in which both of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. Stachydrine is a major constituent of Chinese herb leonurus heterophyllus sweet used to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway. Stachydrine is a major constituent of Chinese herb leonurus heterophyllus sweet used to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway.

Benzyl cyanide

C8H7N (117.0578)

A nitrile that is acetonitrile where one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.

6-METHYL-5-HEPTEN-2-ONE

C8H14O (126.1045)

Sulcatone is an endogenous metabolite. Sulcatone is an endogenous metabolite.

gamma-Eudesmol

C15H26O (222.1984)

A eudesmane sesquiterpenoid in which the eudesmane skeleton carries a hydroxy substituent at C-11 and has a double bond between C-4 and C-5.

Pinobanksin

C15H12O5 (272.0685)

Pinobanksin is a trihydroxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 3, 5 and 7. It has a role as an antimutagen, an antioxidant and a metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavanone and a secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone. Pinobanksin is a natural product found in Populus koreana, Ozothamnus stirlingii, and other organisms with data available. A trihydroxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 3, 5 and 7. Pinobanksin has apoptotic induction in a B-cell lymphoma cell line[1].

Dihydrobiochanin A

C16H14O5 (286.0841)

3-Hydroxydaidzein

C15H10O5 (270.0528)

A 7-hydroxyisoflavone that is daidzein substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. 7,3',4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone, a major metabolite of Daidzein, is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of Cot (Tpl2/MAP3K8) and MKK4. 7,3',4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone has anticancer, anti-angiogenic, chemoprotective, and free radical scavenging activities[1][2].

Laricitrin

C16H12O8 (332.0532)

A monomethoxyflavone that is the 3-O-methyl derivative of myricetin.

Orobol

C15H10O6 (286.0477)

Liriodenine

C17H9NO3 (275.0582)

Liriodenine is an oxoaporphine alkaloid that is 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydronoraporphin-7-one substituted by a methylenedioxy group across positions 1 and 2. It is isolated from Annona glabra and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. It has a role as a metabolite, an antineoplastic agent, an antimicrobial agent, an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor and an antifungal agent. It is a cyclic ketone, an oxacycle, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an alkaloid antibiotic and an oxoaporphine alkaloid. It is functionally related to an aporphine. Liriodenine is a natural product found in Magnolia mexicana, Annona purpurea, and other organisms with data available. An oxoaporphine alkaloid that is 4,5,6,6a-tetradehydronoraporphin-7-one substituted by a methylenedioxy group across positions 1 and 2. It is isolated from Annona glabra and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.

Scoulerine

C19H21NO4 (327.1471)

(R,S)-Scoulerine is an alkaloid. Scoulerine is a natural product found in Sarcocapnos saetabensis, Corydalis bungeana, and other organisms with data available.

Phosphoribosyl-AMP

C15H23N5O14P2 (559.0717)

Mahanimbine

C23H25NO (331.1936)

β-Bisabolene

C15H24 (204.1878)

(S)-beta-bisabolene is a beta-bisabolene which has (1S)-configuration. It is an enantiomer of a (R)-beta-bisabolene. beta-Bisabolene is a natural product found in Rattus rattus, Eupatorium cannabinum, and other organisms with data available. A beta-bisabolene which has (1S)-configuration. β-Bisabolene is a?sesquiterpene isolated from?opoponax (Commiphora guidotti). β-Bisabolene, an anti-cancer agent, can be used for the study of breast cancer[1]. β-Bisabolene is a?sesquiterpene isolated from?opoponax (Commiphora guidotti). β-Bisabolene, an anti-cancer agent, can be used for the study of breast cancer[1].

Vestitol

C16H16O4 (272.1049)

The S-enantiomer of vestitol. Vestitol is a member of the class of hydroxyisoflavans that is isoflavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 2 and a methoxy group at position 4. Isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory agent, a plant metabolite and a phytoalexin. It is an aromatic ether, a member of hydroxyisoflavans and a methoxyisoflavan. Vestitol is a natural product found in Lotus japonicus, Medicago rugosa, and other organisms with data available. A member of the class of hydroxyisoflavans that is isoflavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 2 and a methoxy group at position 4. Isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, it exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.

Dimethenamid

C12H18ClNO2S (275.0747)

D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 254

Thioinosinic acid

C10H13N4O7PS (364.0243)

[Raw Data] CB244_Thioinosinic-acid_pos_50eV_CB000084.txt [Raw Data] CB244_Thioinosinic-acid_pos_40eV_CB000084.txt [Raw Data] CB244_Thioinosinic-acid_pos_30eV_CB000084.txt [Raw Data] CB244_Thioinosinic-acid_pos_20eV_CB000084.txt [Raw Data] CB244_Thioinosinic-acid_pos_10eV_CB000084.txt

3-Indolecarboxylic acid

C9H7NO2 (161.0477)

An indole-3-carboxylic acid carrying a carboxy group at position 3. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. IPB_RECORD: 2301; CONFIDENCE confident structure Indole-3-carboxylic acid is a normal urinary indolic tryptophan metabolite and has been found elevated in patients with liver diseases[1][2]. Indole-3-carboxylic acid is a normal urinary indolic tryptophan metabolite and has been found elevated in patients with liver diseases[1][2].

Stigmastanol

C29H52O (416.4018)

Stigmastanol is a 3-hydroxy steroid that is 5alpha-stigmastane which is substituted at the 3beta position by a hydroxy group. It has a role as an anticholesteremic drug and a plant metabolite. It is a 3-hydroxy steroid and a member of phytosterols. It derives from a hydride of a 5alpha-stigmastane. Stigmastanol is a natural product found in Alnus japonica, Dracaena cinnabari, and other organisms with data available. Stigmastanol is a steroid derivative characterized by the hydroxyl group in position C-3 of the steroid skeleton, and a saturated bond in position 5-6 of the B ring. See also: Saw Palmetto (part of). A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 5alpha-stigmastane which is substituted at the 3beta position by a hydroxy group. D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68422 - Saturated Phytosterol D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2]. Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2].

Chlorfenvinfos

C12H14Cl3O4P (357.9695)

ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9710; CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 376; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9708 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 376; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9710; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9708 D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D010575 - Pesticides > D056810 - Acaricides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 376; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9724; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9721 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 376; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9748; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9745 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 376; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9768; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9766 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 376; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9748; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9744 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 376; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9777; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9774 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2609 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 4038

Resibufogenin

C24H32O4 (384.23)

Annotation level-1 Resibufogenin is a component of cinobufogenin and has the function of inhibiting oxidative stress and tumor regeneration. Resibufogenin is a component of cinobufogenin and has the function of inhibiting oxidative stress and tumor regeneration.

Rhoifolin

C27H30O14 (578.1635)

Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside can be isolated from Rhus succedanea. Rhoifolin has anti-diabetic effect acting through enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation. Rhoifolin has an anti-inflammatory action via multi-level regulation of inflammatory mediators. Rhoifolin ameliorates titanium particle-stimulated osteolysis and attenuates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Rhoifolin also has cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines[1][2][3]. Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside can be isolated from Rhus succedanea. Rhoifolin has anti-diabetic effect acting through enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation. Rhoifolin has an anti-inflammatory action via multi-level regulation of inflammatory mediators. Rhoifolin ameliorates titanium particle-stimulated osteolysis and attenuates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Rhoifolin also has cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines[1][2][3]. Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside can be isolated from Rhus succedanea. Rhoifolin has anti-diabetic effect acting through enhanced adiponectin secretion, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor-β and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) translocation. Rhoifolin has an anti-inflammatory action via multi-level regulation of inflammatory mediators. Rhoifolin ameliorates titanium particle-stimulated osteolysis and attenuates osteoclastogenesis via RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Rhoifolin also has cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines[1][2][3].

sissotrin

C22H22O10 (446.1213)

relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.909 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.907 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.906

Linolenic Acid

C18H30O2 (278.2246)

relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.566 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.567 α-Linolenic acid, isolated from Perilla frutescens, is an essential fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by humans. α-Linolenic acid can affect the process of thrombotic through the modulation of PI3K/Akt signaling. α-Linolenic acid possess the anti-arrhythmic properties and is related to cardiovascular disease and cancer[1]. α-Linolenic acid, isolated from Perilla frutescens, is an essential fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by humans. α-Linolenic acid can affect the process of thrombotic through the modulation of PI3K/Akt signaling. α-Linolenic acid possess the anti-arrhythmic properties and is related to cardiovascular disease and cancer[1]. α-Linolenic acid, isolated from Perilla frutescens, is an essential fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by humans. α-Linolenic acid can affect the process of thrombotic through the modulation of PI3K/Akt signaling. α-Linolenic acid possess the anti-arrhythmic properties and is related to cardiovascular disease and cancer[1].

alpha-Ergocryptine

C32H41N5O5 (575.3108)

Ergotaman bearing hydroxy, isopropyl, and 2-methylpropyl groups at the 12, 2 and 5 positions, respectively, and oxo groups at positions 3, 6, and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid. Ergocryptine discussed in the literature prior to 1967, when beta-ergocryptine was separated from alpha-ergocryptine, is now referred to as alpha-ergocryptine. D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018491 - Dopamine Agonists relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.085 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.083 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.081 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.080

Ergocornine

C31H39N5O5 (561.2951)

Ergotaman bearing a hydroxy group at the 12 position, isopropyl groups at the 2 and 5alpha positions, and oxo groups at positions 3, 6, and 18. It is a natural ergot alkaloid. CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.024 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.021 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.019 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.017

Ergonovine

C19H23N3O2 (325.179)

A monocarboxylic acid amide that is lysergamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-hydroxypropan-2-yl group (S-configuration). An ergot alkaloid that has a particularly powerful action on the uterus, its maleate (and formerly tartrate) salt is used in the active management of the third stage of labour, and to prevent or treat postpartum of postabortal haemorrhage caused by uterine atony: by maintaining uterine contraction and tone, blood vessels in the uterine wall are compressed and blood flow reduced. G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G02 - Other gynecologicals > G02A - Uterotonics > G02AB - Ergot alkaloids C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C87053 - Adrenergic Agonist C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66884 - Dopamine Agonist D012102 - Reproductive Control Agents > D010120 - Oxytocics CONFIDENCE Claviceps purpurea sclerotia relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.382 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.380 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.373 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.375

Tolcapone

C14H11NO5 (273.0637)

D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018726 - Anti-Dyskinesia Agents > D000978 - Antiparkinson Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065098 - Catechol O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors N - Nervous system > N04 - Anti-parkinson drugs > N04B - Dopaminergic agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C38149 - Antiparkinsonian Agent CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 273; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4727; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4722 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 273; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4810; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4806 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 273; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4841; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4839 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 273; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4812; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4809 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 273; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4900; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4896 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 273; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4752; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4748

N-acetylputrescine

C6H14N2O (130.1106)

An N-monoacetylalkane-alpha,omega-diamine that is the N-monoacetyl derivative of putrescine.

Xanthurenic acid

C10H7NO4 (205.0375)

A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at C-4 and C-8. D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus. Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.

dethiobiotin

C10H18N2O3 (214.1317)

A hexanoic acid having a 5-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-4-yl group at the 6-position. D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D050258 - Mitosis Modulators > D008934 - Mitogens D-Desthiobiotin is a biotin derivative used in affinity chromatography and protein chromatography. D-Desthiobiotin also can be used for protein and cell labeling, detection and isolation[1].

L-Methionine sulfoximine

C5H12N2O3S (180.0569)

A methionine sulfoximine in which the amino group has S-stereochemistry.

Cycloleucine

C6H11NO2 (129.079)

C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C574 - Immunosuppressant

Sulfurol

C6H9NOS (143.0405)

GLYCERIC ACID

C3H6O4 (106.0266)

A trionic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted at positions 2 and 3 by hydroxy groups.

Metanephrine

C10H15NO3 (197.1052)

ergocryptine

C32H41N5O5 (575.3108)

D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018491 - Dopamine Agonists CONFIDENCE Claviceps purpurea sclerotia

Scoulerin

C19H21NO4 (327.1471)

A berberine alkaloid isolated from Corydalis saxicola.

PIRIMICARB

C11H18N4O2 (238.143)

C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Fenobucarb

C12H17NO2 (207.1259)

C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor

Phenylacetylglutamine

C13H16N2O4 (264.111)

Phenylacetylglutamine is a colonic microbial metabolite from amino acid fermentation.

Abietin

C16H22O8 (342.1315)

Coniferin (Laricin) is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. Coniferin inhibits fungal growth and melanization[1]. Coniferin (Laricin) is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. Coniferin inhibits fungal growth and melanization[1].

2-Methoxyestrone

C19H24O3 (300.1725)

A 17-oxo steroid that is estrone in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a methoxy group. C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones 2-Methoxyestrone is a methoxylated catechol estrogen and metabolite of estrone, with a pKa of 10.81.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol

C8H10O4 (170.0579)

A tetrol composed of ethyleneglycol having a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at the 1-position. 4-(1,2-Dihydroxyethyl)benzene-1,2-diol, a normal norepinephrine metabolite, is found to be associated with Menkes syndrome.

16-Epiestriol

C18H24O3 (288.1725)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Salicyluric acid

C9H9NO4 (195.0532)

An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxybenzoyl. Salicyluric acid is an endogenous metabolite.

Suberic acid

C8H14O4 (174.0892)

An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,6-dicarboxy derivative of hexane. Suberic acid (Octanedioic acid) is found to be associated with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency. Suberic acid (Octanedioic acid) is found to be associated with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, malonyl-Coa decarboxylase deficiency.

7-Methylguanine

C6H7N5O (165.0651)

1-Methyluric acid

C6H6N4O3 (182.044)

An oxopurine that is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione substituted by a methyl group at N-1. It is one of the metabolites of caffeine found in human urine.

6-Methylmercaptopurine

C6H6N4S (166.0313)

Icarin

C33H40O15 (676.2367)

propanil

C9H9Cl2NO (217.0061)

D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals

isomaltulose

C12H22O11 (342.1162)

flecainide

C17H20F6N2O3 (414.1378)

C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy > C01B - Antiarrhythmics, class i and iii > C01BC - Antiarrhythmics, class ic D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D026941 - Sodium Channel Blockers > D061567 - Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C47793 - Antiarrhythmic Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators C93038 - Cation Channel Blocker

acebutolol

C18H28N2O4 (336.2049)

C - Cardiovascular system > C07 - Beta blocking agents > C07A - Beta blocking agents > C07AB - Beta blocking agents, selective C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C72900 - Adrenergic Antagonist D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D013566 - Sympathomimetics D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D018674 - Adrenergic Antagonists D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents

3-Hydroxycinnamic acid

C9H8O3 (164.0473)

Annotation level-1 (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid that highly abundant in food. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an antioxidant. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid that highly abundant in food. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an antioxidant. m-Coumaric acid is a polyphenol metabolite from caffeic acid, formed by the gut microflora and the amount in human biofluids is diet-dependant. m-Coumaric acid is a polyphenol metabolite from caffeic acid, formed by the gut microflora and the amount in human biofluids is diet-dependant.

A α C

C11H9N3 (183.0796)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2443

Esbiothrin

C19H26O3 (302.1882)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides > D000487 - Allethrins D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides > D011722 - Pyrethrins D016573 - Agrochemicals CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2459

Sophoramine

C15H20N2O (244.1576)

Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Alkaloids derived from lysine, Quinolizidine alkaloids, Sophora alkaloid

Testolactone

C19H24O3 (300.1725)

C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C2189 - Signal Transduction Inhibitor > C129824 - Antineoplastic Protein Inhibitor C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C129818 - Antineoplastic Hormonal/Endocrine Agent > C481 - Antiestrogen C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C1740 - Aromatase Inhibitor C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C129825 - Antineoplastic Enzyme Inhibitor C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents SubCategory_DNP: : The sterols, Androstanes

BENSULFURON-METHYL

C16H18N4O7S (410.0896)

The sample was injected by direct infusion.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.

2,3-cyclic AMP

C10H12N5O6P (329.0525)

Adenosine 2,3-cyclic phosphate is part of the purine metabolism pathway. In this pathway, 2,3-cyclic AMP is reversibly converted to 3-AMP via the enzyme 2,3-cyclic-nucleotide 2-phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.16). (KEGG) [HMDB]

2-carboxy-1-naphthol

C11H8O3 (188.0473)

A naphthoic acid with the carboxy group at position 2 and carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It is a xenobiotic metabolite produced by the biodegradation of phenanthrene by microorganisms. 1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid is an endogenous metabolite.

Desmesterol

C27H44O (384.3392)

A cholestanoid that is cholesta-5,24-diene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. It is an intermediate metabolite obtained during the synthesis of cholesterol. Desmosterol is a molecule similar to cholesterol. Desmosterol is the immediate precursor of cholesterol in the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Desmosterol, as an endogenous metabolite, used to study cholesterol metabolism[1]. Desmosterol is a molecule similar to cholesterol. Desmosterol is the immediate precursor of cholesterol in the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Desmosterol, as an endogenous metabolite, used to study cholesterol metabolism[1].

1-NAPHTHYLAMINE

C10H9N (143.0735)

A naphthylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at position 1. D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens

Petroselaidic acid

C18H34O2 (282.2559)

The trans-isomer of octadec-6-enoic acid, a long-chain fatty acid.

Maackiain

C16H12O5 (284.0685)

Widespread in the Leguminosae subfamily. Constituent of Trifolium pratense (red clover). (-)-Maackiain is found in many foods, some of which are nectarine, chickpea, alaska blueberry, and adzuki bean. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1].

Hexadecanoate

C43H76O2 (624.5845)

FA 18:2;O

C18H32O3 (296.2351)

Prostaglandin G2

C20H32O6 (368.2199)

D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides

CAR 3:0

C10H19NO4 (217.1314)

D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents

ST 27:1;O3

C27H46O3 (418.3447)

7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-OHC) is a potent and selective agonist and endogenous ligand of the orphan GPCR receptor EBI2 (GPR183). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol is highly potent at activating EBI2 (EC50=140 pM; Kd=450 pM). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol can serve as a chemokine directing migration of B cells, T cells and dendritic cells[1][2].

ST 19:4;O3

C19H24O3 (300.1725)

An androstanoid that is androst-4-en-19-al substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen 2-Methoxyestrone is a methoxylated catechol estrogen and metabolite of estrone, with a pKa of 10.81.

Teslac

C19H24O3 (300.1725)

C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C2189 - Signal Transduction Inhibitor > C129824 - Antineoplastic Protein Inhibitor C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C129818 - Antineoplastic Hormonal/Endocrine Agent > C481 - Antiestrogen C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C1740 - Aromatase Inhibitor C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C129825 - Antineoplastic Enzyme Inhibitor C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C547 - Hormone Antagonist D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

Cyperene

C15H24 (204.1878)

Coenzyme Q6

C39H58O4 (590.4335)

Pelargonin

C27H31O15+ (595.1663)

1-Methyladenine

C6H7N5 (149.0701)

Adenine substituted with a methyl group at position N-1.

Estra-1(10),2,4-triene-2,3,17-triol

C18H24O3 (288.1725)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Pinocembrin-7-methyl ether

C16H14O4 (270.0892)

Hbdde

C16H18O8 (338.1002)

Iodofiltic acid (123I)

C22H35IO2 (458.1682)

C1446 - Radiopharmaceutical Compound > C2124 - Radioconjugate

4-ETHYLPHENOL

C8H10O (122.0732)

A member of the class of phenols carrying an ethyl substituent at position 4. 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine.

Monobenzone

C13H12O2 (200.0837)

D - Dermatologicals Same as: D05072

cholesteryl palmitate

C43H76O2 (624.5845)

A cholesterol ester obtained by the formal condensation of cholesterol with palmitic acid.

Estradiol dipropionate

C24H32O4 (384.23)

C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Pyricarbate

C11H15N3O4 (253.1063)

C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Same as: D01396

Isoscopoletin

C10H8O4 (192.0423)

Isoscopoletin is a hydroxycoumarin that is esculetin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is the major primary metabolite of scoparone. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a hydroxycoumarin and an aromatic ether. It is functionally related to an esculetin. Isoscopoletin is a natural product found in Clausena dunniana, Olea capensis, and other organisms with data available. A hydroxycoumarin that is esculetin in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is the major primary metabolite of scoparone. Isoscopoletin, also known as 6-hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin or 7-methoxyesculetin, is a member of the class of compounds known as hydroxycoumarins. Hydroxycoumarins are coumarins that contain one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the coumarin skeleton. Isoscopoletin is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Isoscopoletin can be found in coriander and eggplant, which makes isoscopoletin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) is an active constituent in Artemisia argyi leaves. Isoscopoletin shows substantial inhibition against cell proliferation, with IC50s of 4.0 μM and 1.6 μM for human CCRF-CEM leukaemia cells and multidrug resistant subline CEM/ADR5000, respectively[1]. Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) possesses inhibitory activity against HBV replication[2]. Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) is an active constituent in Artemisia argyi leaves. Isoscopoletin shows substantial inhibition against cell proliferation, with IC50s of 4.0 μM and 1.6 μM for human CCRF-CEM leukaemia cells and multidrug resistant subline CEM/ADR5000, respectively[1]. Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) possesses inhibitory activity against HBV replication[2].

Dodecanal

C12H24O (184.1827)

771-50-6

C9H7NO2 (161.0477)

Indole-3-carboxylic acid is a normal urinary indolic tryptophan metabolite and has been found elevated in patients with liver diseases[1][2]. Indole-3-carboxylic acid is a normal urinary indolic tryptophan metabolite and has been found elevated in patients with liver diseases[1][2].

Perlolyrine

C16H12N2O2 (264.0899)

Senkyunolide A

C12H16O2 (192.115)

Senkyunolide A, isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, has cytoprotective and antiproliferative activities. Anti-tumor activity[1][2]. Senkyunolide A, isolated from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort, has cytoprotective and antiproliferative activities. Anti-tumor activity[1][2].

Sulcatone

C8H14O (126.1045)

A heptenone that is hept-5-en-2-one substituted by a methyl group at position 6. It is a volatile oil component of citronella oil, lemon-grass oil and palmarosa oil. Sulcatone is an endogenous metabolite. Sulcatone is an endogenous metabolite.

AI3-00667

C11H12O2 (176.0837)

Ethyl cinnamate is a fragrance ingredient used in many fragrance compounds. Ethyl cinnamate is a food flavor and additive for cosmetic products. Ethyl cinnamate is also an excellent clearing reagent for mammalian tissues[1][2]. Ethyl cinnamate is a fragrance ingredient used in many fragrance compounds. Ethyl cinnamate is a food flavor and additive for cosmetic products. Ethyl cinnamate is also an excellent clearing reagent for mammalian tissues[1][2].

Amylol

C5H12O (88.0888)

Acridone

C13H9NO (195.0684)

Acridone is an organic compound based on the acridine skeleton. Acridone has antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral and anti neoplastic activities[1]. Acridone is an organic compound based on the acridine skeleton. Acridone has antibacterial, antimalarial, antiviral and anti neoplastic activities[1].

c0201

C8H8O (120.0575)

p-Tolualdehyde is an endogenous metabolite. p-Tolualdehyde is an endogenous metabolite.

c0647

C8H7N (117.0578)

MeODMT

C13H18N2O (218.1419)

C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C47794 - Serotonin Agonist

480-66-0

C8H8O4 (168.0423)

Phloracetophenone (2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone) is the aglycone part of acetophenone glycoside obtained from Curcuma comosa Roxb, with cholesterol-lowering activity. Phloracetophenone enhances cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity[1]. Phloracetophenone stimulats bile secretion mediated through Mrp2[2]. Phloracetophenone (2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone) is the aglycone part of acetophenone glycoside obtained from Curcuma comosa Roxb, with cholesterol-lowering activity. Phloracetophenone enhances cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity[1]. Phloracetophenone stimulats bile secretion mediated through Mrp2[2].

Maruzen M

C8H10O (122.0732)

4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine. 4-Ethylphenol is a volatile phenolic compound associated with off-odour in wine.

AI3-32389

C9H8O3 (164.0473)

(E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid that highly abundant in food. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an antioxidant. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid that highly abundant in food. (E)-m-Coumaric acid (3-Hydroxycinnamic acid) is an antioxidant. m-Coumaric acid is a polyphenol metabolite from caffeic acid, formed by the gut microflora and the amount in human biofluids is diet-dependant. m-Coumaric acid is a polyphenol metabolite from caffeic acid, formed by the gut microflora and the amount in human biofluids is diet-dependant.

473-16-5

C15H26O (222.1984)

AI3-23961

C6H5ClO (128.0029)

CHEBI:37386

C17H14O7 (330.0739)

Aurantio-obtusin is an anthraquinone isolated from Semen Cassiae, with anti-Inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-coagulating and anti-hypertension activities[1][2][3]. Aurantio-obtusin relaxes systemic arteries through endothelial PI3K/AKT/eNOS-dependent signaling pathway in rats, thus acts as a new potential vasodilator[2]. Aurantio-obtusin inhibits allergic responses in IgE-mediated mast cells and anaphylactic models and is potential for treatment for allergy-related diseases[3]. Aurantio-obtusin is an anthraquinone isolated from Semen Cassiae, with anti-Inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-coagulating and anti-hypertension activities[1][2][3]. Aurantio-obtusin relaxes systemic arteries through endothelial PI3K/AKT/eNOS-dependent signaling pathway in rats, thus acts as a new potential vasodilator[2]. Aurantio-obtusin inhibits allergic responses in IgE-mediated mast cells and anaphylactic models and is potential for treatment for allergy-related diseases[3].

63644-62-2

C20H20O6 (356.126)

Coniferyl ferulate, a strong inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST), reverses multidrug resistance and downregulates P-glycoprotein. Coniferyl ferulate shows strong inhibition of human placental GST with an IC50 of 0.3 μM. Coniferyl ferulate, a strong inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST), reverses multidrug resistance and downregulates P-glycoprotein. Coniferyl ferulate shows strong inhibition of human placental GST with an IC50 of 0.3 μM.

Ethanamine

C2H7N (45.0578)

58436-28-5

C14H14O3 (230.0943)

Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1]. Dihydroresveratrol, a potent phytoestrogen, is a hormone receptor modulator. Dihydroresveratrol exhibits proliferative effects in androgen-independent prostate and breast cancer cells at picomolar and nanomolar concentrations[1].

CHEBI:16741

C13H16O8 (300.0845)

603-56-5

C19H18O8 (374.1002)

Chrysosplenetin is one of the polymethoxylated flavonoids in Artemisia annua L. (Compositae) and other several Chinese herbs. Chrysosplenetin inhibits P-gp activity and reverses the up-regulated P-gp and MDR1 levels induced by artemisinin (ART). Chrysosplenetin significantly augments the rat plasma level and anti-malarial efficacy of ART, partially due to the uncompetitive inhibition effect of Chrysosplenetin on rat CYP3A[1]. Chrysosplenetin is one of the polymethoxylated flavonoids in Artemisia annua L. (Compositae) and other several Chinese herbs. Chrysosplenetin inhibits P-gp activity and reverses the up-regulated P-gp and MDR1 levels induced by artemisinin (ART). Chrysosplenetin significantly augments the rat plasma level and anti-malarial efficacy of ART, partially due to the uncompetitive inhibition effect of Chrysosplenetin on rat CYP3A[1].

Butylphen

C10H14O (150.1045)

80681-42-1

C16H18O5 (290.1154)

5-O-Methylvisamminol, a (furo) chromone identified in the extract of T. glauca, has a limited occurrence in the plant kingdom. 5-O-Methylvisamminol is useful in (chemical) phylogeny and is a possible excellent chemotaxonomic marker (family and/or subfamily level) for Apiaceae[1]. 5-O-Methylvisamminol, a (furo) chromone identified in the extract of T. glauca, has a limited occurrence in the plant kingdom. 5-O-Methylvisamminol is useful in (chemical) phylogeny and is a possible excellent chemotaxonomic marker (family and/or subfamily level) for Apiaceae[1].

LS-473

C6H13N (99.1048)

Joro spider toxin

C27H47N7O6 (565.3588)

D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014688 - Venoms

Chrysosplenetin

C19H18O8 (374.1002)

Chrysosplenetin is a tetramethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7,3-tetramethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. It has a role as an antiviral agent and a plant metabolite. It is a tetramethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a quercetagetin. Chrysosplenetin is a natural product found in Haplophyllum myrtifolium, Cleome amblyocarpa, and other organisms with data available. A tetramethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7,3-tetramethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. Chrysosplenetin is one of the polymethoxylated flavonoids in Artemisia annua L. (Compositae) and other several Chinese herbs. Chrysosplenetin inhibits P-gp activity and reverses the up-regulated P-gp and MDR1 levels induced by artemisinin (ART). Chrysosplenetin significantly augments the rat plasma level and anti-malarial efficacy of ART, partially due to the uncompetitive inhibition effect of Chrysosplenetin on rat CYP3A[1]. Chrysosplenetin is one of the polymethoxylated flavonoids in Artemisia annua L. (Compositae) and other several Chinese herbs. Chrysosplenetin inhibits P-gp activity and reverses the up-regulated P-gp and MDR1 levels induced by artemisinin (ART). Chrysosplenetin significantly augments the rat plasma level and anti-malarial efficacy of ART, partially due to the uncompetitive inhibition effect of Chrysosplenetin on rat CYP3A[1].

Ginsenoside

C42H72O13 (784.4973)

(20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 is a ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. It has a role as an apoptosis inducer, an antineoplastic agent, a plant metabolite and an angiogenesis modulating agent. It is a ginsenoside, a tetracyclic triterpenoid and a glycoside. It is functionally related to a (20S)-protopanaxadiol. It derives from a hydride of a dammarane. Ginsenoside Rg3 is a natural product found in Panax ginseng, Panax notoginseng, and other organisms with data available. A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents Ginsenoside F2 is a ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosides, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. It has a role as an apoptosis inducer, an antineoplastic agent and a plant metabolite. It is a ginsenoside, a tetracyclic triterpenoid, a 12beta-hydroxy steroid and a beta-D-glucoside. It derives from a hydride of a dammarane. ginsenoside F2 is a natural product found in Panax ginseng, Panax notoginseng, and Aralia elata with data available. A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosides, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 is the main component of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits Na+ and hKv1.4 channel with IC50s of 32.2±4.5 and 32.6±2.2 μM, respectively. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 also inhibits Aβ levels, NF-κB activity, and COX-2 expression. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 is the main component of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits Na+ and hKv1.4 channel with IC50s of 32.2±4.5 and 32.6±2.2 μM, respectively. 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rg3 also inhibits Aβ levels, NF-κB activity, and COX-2 expression. Ginsenoside F2, a metabolite from Ginsenoside Rb1, induces apoptosis accompanied by protective autophagy in breast cancer stem cells[1]. Ginsenoside F2, a metabolite from Ginsenoside Rb1, induces apoptosis accompanied by protective autophagy in breast cancer stem cells[1].

Aurantio-obtusin

C17H14O7 (330.0739)

Aurantio-obtusin is a trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,3,7-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 8, and by a methyl group at position 6. Aurantio-obtusin is a natural product found in Senna obtusifolia and Senna tora with data available. Aurantio-obtusin is an anthraquinone isolated from Semen Cassiae, with anti-Inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-coagulating and anti-hypertension activities[1][2][3]. Aurantio-obtusin relaxes systemic arteries through endothelial PI3K/AKT/eNOS-dependent signaling pathway in rats, thus acts as a new potential vasodilator[2]. Aurantio-obtusin inhibits allergic responses in IgE-mediated mast cells and anaphylactic models and is potential for treatment for allergy-related diseases[3]. Aurantio-obtusin is an anthraquinone isolated from Semen Cassiae, with anti-Inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-coagulating and anti-hypertension activities[1][2][3]. Aurantio-obtusin relaxes systemic arteries through endothelial PI3K/AKT/eNOS-dependent signaling pathway in rats, thus acts as a new potential vasodilator[2]. Aurantio-obtusin inhibits allergic responses in IgE-mediated mast cells and anaphylactic models and is potential for treatment for allergy-related diseases[3].

Araloside_A

C47H74O18 (926.4875)

Chikusetsusaponin-IV is a triterpenoid saponin. It has a role as a metabolite. Araloside A is a natural product found in Kalopanax septemlobus, Bassia muricata, and other organisms with data available. A natural product found in Panax japonicus var. major. Araloside A (Chikusetsusaponin IV) is a component of Panax japonicus, with low-renin-inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 77.4 μM[1]. Araloside A (Chikusetsusaponin IV) is a component of Panax japonicus, with low-renin-inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 77.4 μM[1].

Isochamaejasmin

C30H22O10 (542.1213)

Isochamaejasmin is a biflavonoid that consists of two units of 5,7,4-trihydroxyflavanone joined together at position 3 and 3. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a biflavonoid and a hydroxyflavone. Isochamaejasmin is a natural product found in Brackenridgea zanguebarica, Stellera chamaejasme, and Ormocarpum kirkii with data available. A biflavonoid that consists of two units of 5,7,4-trihydroxyflavanone joined together at position 3 and 3.

Picrocrocin

C16H26O7 (330.1678)

Picrocrocin is a beta-D-glucoside of beta-cyclocitral; the precursor of safranal. It is the compound most responsible for the bitter taste of saffron. It is functionally related to a beta-cyclocitral. Picrocrocin is a natural product found in Crocus tommasinianus, Crocus sativus, and Crocus vernus with data available. Picrocrocin, an apocarotenoid found in Saffron. Picrocrocin shows anticancer effect. Picrocrocin exhibits growth inhibitory effects against SKMEL-2 human malignant melanoma cells[1]. Picrocrocin, an apocarotenoid found in Saffron. Picrocrocin shows anticancer effect. Picrocrocin exhibits growth inhibitory effects against SKMEL-2 human malignant melanoma cells[1].

Momordin B

C36H56O9 (632.3924)

Oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucosiduronic acid is a beta-D-glucosiduronic acid. It is functionally related to an oleanolic acid. Calenduloside E is a natural product found in Anredera baselloides, Polyscias scutellaria, and other organisms with data available. See also: Calendula Officinalis Flower (part of). Calenduloside E (CE) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin extracted from Aralia elata. Calenduloside E (CE) has anti-apoptotic potent by targeting heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)[1]. Calenduloside E (CE) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin extracted from Aralia elata. Calenduloside E (CE) has anti-apoptotic potent by targeting heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)[1].

Ethyl_cinnamate

C11H12O2 (176.0837)

Ethyl cinnamate is an alkyl cinnamate and an ethyl ester. Ethyl cinnamate is a natural product found in Hedychium spicatum, Cinnamomum verum, and other organisms with data available. Ethyl cinnamate is a fragrance ingredient used in many fragrance compounds. Ethyl cinnamate is a food flavor and additive for cosmetic products. Ethyl cinnamate is also an excellent clearing reagent for mammalian tissues[1][2]. Ethyl cinnamate is a fragrance ingredient used in many fragrance compounds. Ethyl cinnamate is a food flavor and additive for cosmetic products. Ethyl cinnamate is also an excellent clearing reagent for mammalian tissues[1][2].

CYCLOHEXYLAMINE

C6H13N (99.1048)

A primary aliphatic amine consisting of cyclohexane carrying an amino substituent.

p,p-DDD

C14H10Cl4 (317.9537)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

CYANURIC ACID

C3H3N3O3 (129.0174)

p-Tolualdehyde

C8H8O (120.0575)

A tolualdehyde compound with the methyl substituent at the 4-position. p-Tolualdehyde is an endogenous metabolite. p-Tolualdehyde is an endogenous metabolite.

Ethylamine

C2H7N (45.0578)

A two-carbon primary aliphatic amine.

Deethylatrazine

C6H10ClN5 (187.0625)

A chloro-1,3,5-triazine that is 6-chloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a propan-2-yl group.

Oxandrolone

C19H30O3 (306.2195)

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A14 - Anabolic agents for systemic use > A14A - Anabolic steroids > A14AA - Androstan derivatives D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D045930 - Anabolic Agents D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D000728 - Androgens C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C2360 - Anabolic Steroid

trihexyphenidyl

C20H31NO (301.2406)

D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018726 - Anti-Dyskinesia Agents > D000978 - Antiparkinson Agents N - Nervous system > N04 - Anti-parkinson drugs > N04A - Anticholinergic agents > N04AA - Tertiary amines C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66880 - Anticholinergic Agent > C29704 - Antimuscarinic Agent D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C38149 - Antiparkinsonian Agent

Diphosphoric acid

H4O7P2 (177.9432)

An acyclic phosphorus acid anhydride obtained by condensation of two molecules of phosphoric acid. COVID info from WikiPathways Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

carprofen

C15H12ClNO2 (273.0557)

C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C241 - Analgesic Agent > C2198 - Nonnarcotic Analgesic D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents D003879 - Dermatologic Agents Carprofen is a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a multi-target FAAH/COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 3.9 μM, 22.3 μM and 78.6 μM for COX-2, COX-1 and FAAH, respectively.

DL-Tryptophan

C11H12N2O2 (204.0899)

DL-Tryptophan is an endogenous metabolite.

5-Methoxydimethyltryptamine

C13H18N2O (218.1419)

C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C47794 - Serotonin Agonist

proparacaine

C16H26N2O3 (294.1943)

D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01H - Local anesthetics > S01HA - Local anesthetics D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent

Androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

C19H24O2 (284.1776)

4-CHLOROBIPHENYL

C12H9Cl (188.0393)

5-Methoxyindole-3-acetic acid

C11H11NO3 (205.0739)

A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids in which the hydrogen at position 5 of indole-3-acetic acid has been replaced by a methoxy group. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D007210 - Indoleacetic Acids COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 5-Methoxyindole-3-acetic acid is a metabolite of Melatonin[1].

11beta-Hydroxyandrostenedione

C19H26O3 (302.1882)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones 11-Beta-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-Androsten-11β-ol-3,17-dione) is a steroid mainly found in the the adrenal origin (11β-hydroxylase is present in adrenal tissue, but absent in ovarian tissue). 11-Beta-hydroxyandrostenedione is a 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) isozymes inhibitor. As 4-androstenedione increases, measuring plasma 11-Beta-hydroxyandrostenedione can distinguish the adrenal or ovarian origin of hyperandrogenism[1][2].

RHODANINE

C3H3NOS2 (132.9656)

Precocene II

C13H16O3 (220.1099)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals Precocene II is the insect antijuvenile hormone[1].

ASCARIDOLE

C10H16O2 (168.115)

A p-menthane monoterpenoid that is p-menth-2-ene with a peroxy group across position 1 to 4. D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides

12S-HHTrE

C17H28O3 (280.2038)

A trienoic fatty acid that consists of (5Z,8E,10E)-heptadeca-5,8,10-trienoic acid bearing an additional 12S-hydroxy substituent.

furoic acid

C3H7NO5S (169.0045)

The L-enantiomer of cysteic acid.

Buformin

C6H15N5 (157.1327)

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A10 - Drugs used in diabetes > A10B - Blood glucose lowering drugs, excl. insulins > A10BA - Biguanides C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29711 - Anti-diabetic Agent > C98234 - Biguanide Antidiabetic Agent D007004 - Hypoglycemic Agents > D001645 - Biguanides

Acetylisoniazid

C8H9N3O2 (179.0695)

D-Erythrose 4-phosphate

C4H9O7P (200.0086)

An erythrose phosphate that is D-erythrose carrying a phosphate group at position 4. It is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway and Calvin cycle.

13(S)-HPODE

C18H32O4 (312.23)

D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides The (S)-enantiomer of 13-HPODE

3-Hydroxy-3-methyloxindole

C9H9NO2 (163.0633)

Coproporphyrinogen I

C36H44N4O8 (660.3159)

Desthiobiotin

C10H18N2O3 (214.1317)

D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D050258 - Mitosis Modulators > D008934 - Mitogens D-Desthiobiotin is a biotin derivative used in affinity chromatography and protein chromatography. D-Desthiobiotin also can be used for protein and cell labeling, detection and isolation[1].

DITHIANE diol

C4H8O2S2 (151.9966)

Ribose-1-phosphate

C5H11O8P (230.0192)

COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

FAICAR

C10H15N4O9P (366.0577)

COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

Xanthosine triphosphate

C10H15N4O15P3 (523.9747)

The xanthosine 5-phosphate in which the 5-phosphate is a triphosphate group.

7alpha-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone

C19H28O3 (304.2038)

An androstanoid that is dehydroepiandrosterone carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at the 7alpha-position. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl dihydrogen phosphate

C3H8O10P2 (265.9593)

The (R)-enantiomer of 3-phosphoglyceroyl dihydrogen phosphate.

5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine

C6H8N4 (136.0749)

SN38 glucuronide

C28H28N2O11 (568.1693)

(-)-alpha-Curcumene

C15H22 (202.1721)

An alpha-curcumene that has R configuration at the chiral centre.

Pimara-8(14),15-diene

C20H32 (272.2504)

1,3,8-Trihydroxynaphthalene

C10H8O3 (176.0473)

Dopaxanthin

C18H18N2O8 (390.1063)

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate

C8H14O8 (238.0689)

kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-xyloside

C20H18O10 (418.09)

A glycosyloxyflavone that is apigenin substituted kaempferol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a beta-D-xylosyl residue

(6aR,6bR,8aS,11R,12aR,14aR)-3-hydroxy-4,6a,6b,8a,11,14a-hexamethyl-7,8,9,11,12,12a,13,14-octahydropicene-2,10-dione

C28H36O3 (420.2664)

D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

4-(beta-D-glucosyloxy)benzoic acid

C13H16O8 (300.0845)

A beta-D-glucoside of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid.

D-Ribitol-5-phosphate

C5H13O8P (232.0348)

Arbutin 6-phosphate

C12H17O10P (352.0559)

A beta-D-glucoside compound having a phosphate group at the 6-position and a 4-hydroxyphenyl substituent at the 1-position.

Proflavine

C13H11N3 (209.0953)

C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C28394 - Topical Anti-Infective Agent D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents

4-Cumylphenol

C15H16O (212.1201)

Clemastine

C21H26ClNO (343.1703)

D - Dermatologicals > D04 - Antipruritics, incl. antihistamines, anesthetics, etc. > D04A - Antipruritics, incl. antihistamines, anesthetics, etc. > D04AA - Antihistamines for topical use R - Respiratory system > R06 - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06A - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06AA - Aminoalkyl ethers D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D006633 - Histamine Antagonists C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C29578 - Histamine-1 Receptor Antagonist D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics D018926 - Anti-Allergic Agents

Bufuralol

C16H23NO2 (261.1729)

C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C72900 - Adrenergic Antagonist D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D018674 - Adrenergic Antagonists Bufuralol (Ro 3-4787) is a potent non-selective, orally active β-adrenoreceptor antagonist with partial agonist activity. Bufuralol hydrochloride is a CYP2D6 probe substrate[1][2][3][4].

pentanol

C5H12O (88.0888)

Glycolithocholate

C26H43NO4 (433.3192)

D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D001647 - Bile Acids and Salts D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002793 - Cholic Acids The glycine conjugate of lithocholic acid.

DL-Penicillamine

C5H11NO2S (149.051)

D064449 - Sequestering Agents > D002614 - Chelating Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000931 - Antidotes D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents

Taurohyocholate

C26H45NO7S (515.2917)

4-BROMOCATECHOL

C6H5BrO2 (187.9473)

7-Methylxanthosine

C11H15N4O6+ (299.0992)

BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) ADIPATE

C22H42O4 (370.3083)

Quintozene

C6Cl5NO2 (292.8372)

D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides

4-tert-Butylphenol

C10H14O (150.1045)

1-HYDROXYPYRENE

C16H10O (218.0732)

D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens 1-Hydroxypyrene, a biomarker of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is analyzed in urine samples. 1-Hydroxypyrene is the major biomarker of exposure to pyrenes[1].

Zoxazolamine

C7H5ClN2O (168.009)

D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents > D006074 - Gout Suppressants > D014528 - Uricosuric Agents D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents C78281 - Agent Affecting Musculoskeletal System > C29696 - Muscle Relaxant C26170 - Protective Agent > C921 - Uricosuric Agent D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents

Heptylparaben

C14H20O3 (236.1412)

D010592 - Pharmaceutic Aids > D011310 - Preservatives, Pharmaceutical > D010226 - Parabens

Silux

C29H36O8 (512.241)

D001697 - Biomedical and Dental Materials > D003764 - Dental Materials

Caryophyllene epoxide

C15H24O (220.1827)

Adenosine 2,3-cyclic phosphate

C10H12N5O6P (329.0525)

Dihydrogenistein

C15H12O5 (272.0685)

A hydroxyisoflavanone comprising isoflavanone carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 5, 7 and 4.

4-Hydroxystilbene

C14H12O (196.0888)

4-Heptyloxyphenol

C13H20O2 (208.1463)

Benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol

C20H14O2 (286.0994)

Tulipanin

C27H31O16+ (611.1612)

Pyrophaeophorbide a

C33H34N4O3 (534.2631)

Pyropheophorbide-a (Ppa) is a promising photosensitizer for tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT)[1].

ETHAMOXYTRIPHETOL

C27H33NO3 (419.246)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D004965 - Estrogen Antagonists

Glyceric acid 1,3-biphosphate