Subcellular Location: motile cilium

Cephaeline

C28H38N2O4 (466.2831)

Cephaeline is a pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having a hydroxy group at the 6-position and methoxy substituents at the 7-, 10- and 11-positions. It derives from a hydride of an emetan. Cephaeline is a natural product found in Dorstenia psilurus, Pogonopus tubulosus, and other organisms with data available. Cephaeline is an alkaloid compound that belongs to the isoquinoline alkaloid family. It is naturally found in certain plant species, particularly those of the Cephalotaxus genus, which includes trees and shrubs native to East Asia and the Himalayas. Cephaeline is known for its pharmacological properties and has been the subject of various studies for its potential therapeutic applications. Chemically, cephaeline has a complex structure characterized by an isoquinoline core with additional functional groups attached. It is classified as a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, reflecting its biosynthetic origin from the amino acid tryptophan. The presence of these functional groups contributes to its biological activity and pharmacological effects. In terms of its physical properties, cephaeline is typically a crystalline solid with a defined melting point. It is slightly soluble in water but more soluble in organic solvents, which is common for alkaloids of its class. The exact color and solubility characteristics can vary depending on the presence of impurities or derivatives. Cephaeline has been of interest in the field of pharmacognosy and drug discovery due to its potential therapeutic effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. However, further research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms of action and potential uses in medicine. Annotation level-1 (-)-Cephaeline. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=483-17-0 (retrieved 2024-07-12) (CAS RN: 483-17-0). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

5,6-Dihydro-5-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one

C14H12O3 (228.0786)

5,6-Dehydrokawain is an aromatic ether and a member of 2-pyranones. Desmethoxyyangonin is a natural product found in Alpinia blepharocalyx, Alpinia rafflesiana, and other organisms with data available. See also: Piper methysticum root (part of). 5,6-Dihydro-5-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one is found in beverages. 5,6-Dihydro-5-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one is found in kava (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damag Found in kava (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damage Desmethoxyyangonin is one of the six major kavalactones found in the Piper methysticum (kava) plant; reversible inhibitor of MAO-B. Desmethoxyyangonin is one of the six major kavalactones found in the Piper methysticum (kava) plant; reversible inhibitor of MAO-B.

Adenosine

C10H13N5O4 (267.0967)

Adenosine is a ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. It has a role as an anti-arrhythmia drug, a vasodilator agent, an analgesic, a human metabolite and a fundamental metabolite. It is a purines D-ribonucleoside and a member of adenosines. It is functionally related to an adenine. The structure of adenosine was first described in 1931, though the vasodilating effects were not described in literature until the 1940s. Adenosine is indicated as an adjunct to thallium-201 in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, though it is rarely used in this indication, having largely been replaced by [dipyridamole] and [regadenson]. Adenosine is also indicated in the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia. Adenosine was granted FDA approval on 30 October 1989. Adenosine is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Adenosine is an Adenosine Receptor Agonist. The mechanism of action of adenosine is as an Adenosine Receptor Agonist. Adenosine is a natural product found in Smilax bracteata, Mikania laevigata, and other organisms with data available. Adenosine is a ribonucleoside comprised of adenine bound to ribose, with vasodilatory, antiarrhythmic and analgesic activities. Phosphorylated forms of adenosine play roles in cellular energy transfer, signal transduction and the synthesis of RNA. Adenosine is a nucleoside that is composed of adenine and d-ribose. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. For instance, adenosine plays an important role in energy transfer - as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). It also plays a role in signal transduction as cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP. Adenosine itself is both a neurotransmitter and potent vasodilator. When administered intravenously, adenosine causes transient heart block in the AV node. Because of the effects of adenosine on AV node-dependent supraventricular tachycardia, adenosine is considered a class V antiarrhythmic agent. Adenosine is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A nucleoside that is composed of adenine and d-ribose. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. Adenosine itself is a neurotransmitter. See also: Adenosine; Niacinamide (component of); Adenosine; Glycerin (component of); Adenosine; ginsenosides (component of) ... View More ... Adenosine is a nucleoside that is composed of adenine and D-ribose. Adenosine or adenosine derivatives play many important biological roles in addition to being components of DNA and RNA. For instance, adenosine plays an important role in energy transfer as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). It also plays a role in signal transduction as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Adenosine itself is both a neurotransmitter and potent vasodilator. When administered intravenously adenosine causes transient heart block in the AV node. Due to the effects of adenosine on AV node-dependent supraventricular tachycardia, adenosine is considered a class V antiarrhythmic agent. Overdoses of adenosine intake (as a drug) can lead to several side effects including chest pain, feeling faint, shortness of breath, and tingling of the senses. Serious side effects include a worsening dysrhythmia and low blood pressure. When present in sufficiently high levels, adenosine can act as an immunotoxin and a metabotoxin. An immunotoxin disrupts, limits the function, or destroys immune cells. A metabotoxin is an endogenous metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of adenosine are associated with adenosine deaminase deficiency. Adenosine is a precursor to deoxyadenosine, which is a precursor to dATP. A buildup of dATP in cells inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and prevents DNA synthesis, so cells are unable to divide. Since developing T cells and B cells are some of the most mitotically active cells, they are unable to divide and propagate to respond to immune challenges. High levels of deoxyadenosine also lead to an increase in S-adenosylhomocysteine, which is toxic to immature lymphocytes. Adenosine is a nucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribose sugar molecule (ribofuranose) moiety via a beta-N9-glycosidic bond. [Wikipedia]. Adenosine is found in many foods, some of which are borage, japanese persimmon, nuts, and barley. COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank, COVID-19 Disease Map, clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials A ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. Adenosine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=58-61-7 (retrieved 2024-06-29) (CAS RN: 58-61-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation[1][2]. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation[1][2]. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation[1][2].

Isofraxidin

C11H10O5 (222.0528)

Isofraxidin, also known as 6,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin or 7-hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2h-1-benzopyran-2-one, is a member of the class of compounds known as 7-hydroxycoumarins. 7-hydroxycoumarins are coumarins that contain one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the C7 position the coumarin skeleton. Isofraxidin is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Isofraxidin can be found in muskmelon, tarragon, and watermelon, which makes isofraxidin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Isofraxidin is a chemical compound found in a variety of plants including Eleutherococcus senticosus . Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2]. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2].

Nicotine

C10H14N2 (162.1157)

Nicotine is an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants (Solanaceae), predominantly in tobacco and in lower quantities in tomato, potato, eggplant (aubergine), and green pepper. Nicotine alkaloids are also found in the leaves of the coca plant. Nicotine constitutes 0.3 to 5\\\% of the tobacco plant by dry weight, with biosynthesis taking place in the root and accumulation in the leaves. It is a potent neurotoxin with particular specificity to insects; therefore nicotine was widely used as an insecticide in the past and nicotine derivatives such as imidacloprid continue to be widely used. It has been noted that the majority of people diagnosed with schizophrenia smoke tobacco. Estimates for the number of schizophrenics that smoke range from 75\\\% to 90\\\%. It was recently argued that the increased level of smoking in schizophrenia may be due to a desire to self-medicate with nicotine. More recent research has found the reverse: it is a risk factor without long-term benefit, used only for its short-term effects. However, research on nicotine as administered through a patch or gum is ongoing. As nicotine enters the body, it is distributed quickly through the bloodstream and can cross the blood-brain barrier. On average, it takes about seven seconds for the substance to reach the brain. The half-life of nicotine in the body is around 2 hours. The amount of nicotine inhaled with tobacco smoke is a fraction of the amount contained in the tobacco leaves (most of the substance is destroyed by the heat). The amount of nicotine absorbed by the body from smoking depends on many factors, including the type of tobacco, whether the smoke is inhaled, and whether a filter is used. For chewing tobacco, often called dip, snuff, or sinus, which is held in the mouth between the lip and gum, the amount released into the body tends to be much greater than smoked tobacco. The currently available literature indicates that nicotine, on its own, does not promote the development of cancer in healthy tissue and has no mutagenic properties. Its teratogenic properties have not yet been adequately researched, and while the likelihood of birth defects caused by nicotine is believed to be very small or nonexistent, nicotine replacement product manufacturers recommend consultation with a physician before using a nicotine patch or nicotine gum while pregnant or nursing. However, nicotine and the increased acetylcholinic activity it causes have been shown to impede apoptosis, which is one of the methods by which the body destroys unwanted cells (programmed cell death). Since apoptosis helps to remove mutated or damaged cells that may eventually become cancerous, the inhibitory actions of nicotine create a more favourable environment for cancer to develop. Thus, nicotine plays an indirect role in carcinogenesis. It is also important to note that its addictive properties are often the primary motivating factor for tobacco smoking, contributing to the proliferation of cancer. Nicotine is a highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke. Nicotine is a hygroscopic, oily liquid that is miscible with water in its base form. As a nitrogenous base, nicotine forms salts with acids that are usually solid and water soluble. Nicotine easily penetrates the skin. As shown by the physical data, free base nicotine will burn at a temperature below its boiling point, and its vapours will combust at 95 °C in the air despite a low vapour pressure. Because of this, most nicotine is burned when a cigarette is smoked; however, enough is inhaled to provide the desired effects. Nicotine is a stimulant drug that acts as an agonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These are ionotropic receptors composed of five homomeric or heteromeric subunits. In the brain, nicotine binds to nic... Nicotine appears as a colorless to light yellow or brown liquid. Combustible. Toxic by inhalation and by skin absorption. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. (S)-nicotine is a 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. It has a role as a phytogenic insecticide, a teratogenic agent, a neurotoxin, an anxiolytic drug, a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, a biomarker, an immunomodulator, a mitogen, a peripheral nervous system drug, a psychotropic drug, a plant metabolite and a xenobiotic. It is a conjugate base of a (S)-nicotinium(1+). It is an enantiomer of a (R)-nicotine. Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke. Nicotine is a Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist. Nicotine is a natural alkyloid that is a major component of cigarettes and is used therapeutically to help with smoking cessation. Nicotine has not been associated with liver test abnormalities or with clinically apparent hepatotoxicity. Nicotine is a natural product found in Cyphanthera tasmanica, Nicotiana cavicola, and other organisms with data available. Nicotine is a plant alkaloid, found in the tobacco plant, and addictive central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that causes either ganglionic stimulation in low doses or ganglionic blockage in high doses. Nicotine acts as an agonist at the nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the autonomic ganglia, at neuromuscular junctions, and in the adrenal medulla and the brain. Nicotines CNS-stimulating activities may be mediated through the release of several neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, beta-endorphin, dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and ACTH. As a result, peripheral vasoconstriction, tachycardia, and elevated blood pressure may be observed with nicotine intake. This agent may also stimulate the chemoreceptor trigger zone, thereby inducing nausea and vomiting. Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke. See also: Tobacco Leaf (part of); Nicotine Polacrilex (related); Menthol; nicotine (component of) ... View More ... Alkaloid from Nicotiana tabacum and other Nicotiana subspecies, Asclepias syriaca, Lycopodium subspecies, and other subspecies (Solanaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Crassulaceae). Rare spread of occurrence between angiosperms and cryptogametes (CCD) A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.

Pseudoprotodioscin

C51H82O21 (1030.5348)

Pseudoprotodioscin is a steroid saponin. Pseudoprotodioscin is a natural product found in Smilax menispermoidea, Trachycarpus fortunei, and other organisms with data available. Pseudoprotodioscin, a furostanoside, inhibits SREBP1/2 and microRNA 33a/b levels and reduces the gene expression regarding the synthesis of cholesterol and triglycerides[1]. Pseudoprotodioscin, a furostanoside, inhibits SREBP1/2 and microRNA 33a/b levels and reduces the gene expression regarding the synthesis of cholesterol and triglycerides[1]. Pseudoprotodioscin, a furostanoside, inhibits SREBP1/2 and microRNA 33a/b levels and reduces the gene expression regarding the synthesis of cholesterol and triglycerides[1].

Herniarin

C10H8O3 (176.0473)

Herniarin, also known as 7-methoxycoumarin or ayapanin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as coumarins and derivatives. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a 1-benzopyran moiety with a ketone group at the C2 carbon atom (1-benzopyran-2-one). Herniarin is a sweet, balsamic, and tonka tasting compound. Herniarin has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as barley, tarragons, roman camomiles, fruits, and wild celeries. This could make herniarin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Herniarin is a member of the class of coumarins that is coumarin substituted by a methoxy group at position 7. It has a role as a fluorochrome. 7-Methoxycoumarin is a natural product found in Haplopappus multifolius, Herniaria hirsuta, and other organisms with data available. See also: Chamomile (part of); Glycyrrhiza Glabra (part of). Present in Prunus mahaleb (mahaleb cherry). Herniarin is found in many foods, some of which are caraway, wild celery, barley, and fruits. A member of the class of coumarins that is coumarin substituted by a methoxy group at position 7. Herniarin is a natural coumarin occurs in some flowering plants, with antitumor effect. Herniarin is a natural coumarin occurs in some flowering plants, with antitumor effect.

Genipin

C23H34O15 (550.1898)

Genipin 1-beta-gentiobioside is a terpene glycoside. Genipin 1-gentiobioside is a natural product found in Gardenia jasminoides and Genipa americana with data available. Genipin 1-β-D-gentiobioside (Genipin 1-gentiobioside) is one of the most abundant and bioactive iridoid glycosides in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, which possesses hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities. Genipin 1-β-D-gentiobioside (Genipin 1-gentiobioside) is one of the most abundant and bioactive iridoid glycosides in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, which possesses hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities.

Eldelin

C27H41NO8 (507.2832)

Deltaline is a diterpene alkaloid, a tertiary alcohol, a tertiary amino compound, an acetate ester, a cyclic acetal and an organic polycyclic compound. It derives from a hydride of an aconitane. Deltaline is a natural product found in Delphinium cheilanthum, Delphinium andersonii, and other organisms with data available. Deltaline. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=6836-11-9 (retrieved 2024-07-09) (CAS RN: 6836-11-9). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Deltaline is a diterpenoid alkaloid and isolated from plants of the genus Delphinium delavayi Franch. Deltaline itself has analgesic properties, and plants of the genus Delphinium delavayi Franch have also been therapeutically used to treat rheumaticpain, paralysis due to stroke, rheumatoid arthritis[1]. Deltaline is a diterpenoid alkaloid and isolated from plants of the genus Delphinium delavayi Franch. Deltaline itself has analgesic properties, and plants of the genus Delphinium delavayi Franch have also been therapeutically used to treat rheumaticpain, paralysis due to stroke, rheumatoid arthritis[1].

alpha-Allocryptopine

C21H23NO5 (369.1576)

Alpha-allocryptopine, also known as alpha-fagarine or beta-homochelidonine, is a member of the class of compounds known as protopine alkaloids. Protopine alkaloids are alkaloids with a structure based on a tricyclic protopine formed by oxidative ring fission of protoberberine N-metho salts. Alpha-allocryptopine is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Alpha-allocryptopine can be found in barley, which makes alpha-allocryptopine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Allocryptopine is a dibenzazecine alkaloid, an organic heterotetracyclic compound, a tertiary amino compound, a cyclic ketone, a cyclic acetal and an aromatic ether. Allocryptopine is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum beecheyanum, Berberis integerrima, and other organisms with data available. See also: Sanguinaria canadensis root (part of). KEIO_ID A137; [MS2] KO008812 KEIO_ID A137; [MS3] KO008813 KEIO_ID A137 Allocryptopine, a derivative of tetrahydropalmatine, is extracted from Macleaya cordata (Thunb.) Pers. Papaveraceae. Allocryptopine has antiarrhythmic effects and potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current[1][2]. Allocryptopine, a derivative of tetrahydropalmatine, is extracted from Macleaya cordata (Thunb.) Pers. Papaveraceae. Allocryptopine has antiarrhythmic effects and potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current[1][2].

Atractylenolide

C15H18O2 (230.1307)

Atractylenolide I is a natural product found in Solanum lyratum, Atractylodes japonica, and other organisms with data available. Atractylenolide I is a sesquiterpene derived from the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala, possesses diverse bioactivities, such as neuroprotective, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Atractylenolide I reduces protein levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3 in A375 cells, and acts as a TLR4-antagonizing agent. Atractylenolide I is a sesquiterpene derived from the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala, possesses diverse bioactivities, such as neuroprotective, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Atractylenolide I reduces protein levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3 in A375 cells, and acts as a TLR4-antagonizing agent.

Cyasteron

C29H44O8 (520.3036)

Cyasterone is a steroid lactone, a 21-hydroxy steroid, a 2beta-hydroxy steroid, a 3beta-hydroxy steroid, a 14alpha-hydroxy steroid, a 20-hydroxy steroid, a 6-oxo steroid and a phytoecdysteroid. Cyasterone is a natural product found in Ajuga decumbens, Ajuga iva, and other organisms with data available. Cyasterone, a natural EGFR inhibitor, mainly isolated from Ajuga decumbens Thunb (Labiatae). Cyasterone manifests anti-proliferation effect by induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrests. Cyasterone may serves as a therapeutic anti-tumor agent against human tumors[1]. Cyasterone, a natural EGFR inhibitor, mainly isolated from Ajuga decumbens Thunb (Labiatae). Cyasterone manifests anti-proliferation effect by induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrests. Cyasterone may serves as a therapeutic anti-tumor agent against human tumors[1].

Atractydin

C13H10O (182.0732)

Atractylodin is a member of furans. Atractylodin is a natural product found in Atractylodes japonica, Atractylodes macrocephala, and other organisms with data available. Atractylodin (Atractydin) is an active component of the essential oil contained in the rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea and A. chinensis. Atractylodin is natural insecticide and is active against Tribolium castaneum[1][2]. Atractylodin is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. Atractylodin (Atractydin) is an active component of the essential oil contained in the rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea and A. chinensis. Atractylodin is natural insecticide and is active against Tribolium castaneum[1][2]. Atractylodin is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.

Noreugenin

C10H8O4 (192.0423)

Noreugenin is a member of the class of chromones in which the 1,4-benzopyrone skeleton is substituted with a methyl group at position 2 and with hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7. A natural product, it is found in Pisonia aculeata. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a member of chromones and a member of resorcinols. It is a conjugate acid of a noreugenin(1-). Noreugenin is a natural product found in Crossosoma bigelovii, Schumanniophyton magnificum, and other organisms with data available. Noreugenin, also known as 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one, is a member of the class of compounds known as chromones. Chromones are compounds containing a benzopyran-4-one moiety. Noreugenin is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Noreugenin can be found in carrot and wild carrot, which makes noreugenin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Noreugenin, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one, is a new chromone from Aloe arborescens. (Amaryllidaceae)[1].

Phorbol

C20H28O6 (364.1886)

Phorbol is a white solid. (NTP, 1992) Phorbol is a diterpenoid with the structure of tigliane hydroxylated at C-4, -9, -12(beta), -13 and -20, with an oxo group at C-3 and unsaturation at the 1- and 6-positions. It is a tetracyclic diterpenoid, an enone, a cyclic ketone, a tertiary alcohol and a tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone. It derives from a hydride of a tigliane. Phorbol is a natural product found in Euphorbia tirucalli, Croton tiglium, and Rehmannia glutinosa with data available. Phorbol is a natural, plant-derived organic compound. It is a member of the tigliane family of diterpenes. Phorbol was first isolated in 1934 as the hydrolysis product of croton oil, which is derived from the seeds of the purging croton, Croton tiglium. The structure of phorbol was determined in 1967. It is very soluble in most polar organic solvents, as well as in water. Phorbol is a highly toxic diterpene, whose esters have important biological properties. Phorbol is a highly toxic diterpene, whose esters have important biological properties.

Coniferin

C16H22O8 (342.1315)

Coniferin (CAS: 531-29-3), also known as abietin or coniferoside, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenolic glycosides. These are organic compounds containing a phenolic structure attached to a glycosyl moiety. Some examples of phenolic structures include lignans and flavonoids. Among the sugar units found in natural glycosides are D-glucose, L-fructose, and L-rhamnose. Coniferin is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Coniferin is a monosaccharide derivative consisting of coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. Coniferin is found in asparagus and has been isolated from Scorzonera hispanica (black salsify). Coniferin is a monosaccharide derivative that is coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a cinnamyl alcohol beta-D-glucoside, an aromatic ether and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a coniferol. Coniferin is a natural product found in Salacia chinensis, Astragalus onobrychis, and other organisms with data available. A monosaccharide derivative that is coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Scorzonera hispanica (scorzonera) Coniferin (Laricin) is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. Coniferin inhibits fungal growth and melanization[1]. Coniferin (Laricin) is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. Coniferin inhibits fungal growth and melanization[1].

(R)-Methysticin

C15H14O5 (274.0841)

Methysticin is a member of 2-pyranones and an aromatic ether. Methysticin is a natural product found in Piper methysticum and Piper majusculum with data available. See also: Piper methysticum root (part of). (R)-Methysticin is found in beverages. (R)-Methysticin is found in kava (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damage (2002). Found in kava (Piper methysticum). FDA advises against use of kava in food due to potential risk of severe liver damage (2002) Methylsticin is a kavalactone isolated from the Piper methysticum . Methylsticin exhibit osteoclast formation inhibitory activity[1]. Methylsticin is a kavalactone isolated from the Piper methysticum . Methylsticin exhibit osteoclast formation inhibitory activity[1].

Silicristin

C25H22O10 (482.1213)

Silychristin is a flavonolignan isolated from Silybum marianum and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activities against lipoxygenase and prostaglandin synthetase. It has a role as a radical scavenger, a lipoxygenase inhibitor, a prostaglandin antagonist and a metabolite. It is a flavonolignan, a member of 1-benzofurans, a polyphenol, an aromatic ether and a secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone. Silicristin is a natural product found in Cunila, Anastatica hierochuntica, and other organisms with data available. Isolated from fruits of Silybum marianum (milk thistle). Silicristin is found in coffee and coffee products and green vegetables. Silicristin is found in coffee and coffee products. Silicristin is isolated from fruits of Silybum marianum (milk thistle). C26170 - Protective Agent > C2081 - Hepatoprotective Agent Silychristin is an abundant flavonolignan present in the fruits of Silybum marianum, with antioxidant properties. Silychristin is a potent inhibitor of the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8, and elicits a strong inhibition of T3 uptake with an IC50 of 110 nM[1][2]. Silychristin is an abundant flavonolignan present in the fruits of Silybum marianum, with antioxidant properties. Silychristin is a potent inhibitor of the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8, and elicits a strong inhibition of T3 uptake with an IC50 of 110 nM[1][2].

Cafestol

C20H28O3 (316.2038)

Cafestol is an organic heteropentacyclic compound and furan diterpenoid with formula C20H28O3 obtained from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee oil (a lipid fraction obtained from coffee beans by organic solvent extraction). It has a role as a plant metabolite, an apoptosis inducer, a hypoglycemic agent, an angiogenesis inhibitor, an antineoplastic agent, an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is an organic heteropentacyclic compound, a tertiary alcohol, a diterpenoid, a member of furans and a primary alcohol. Cafestol is a natural product found in Coffea arabica, Diplospora dubia, and other organisms with data available. Cafestol is found in arabica coffee. Cafestol is a constituent of coffee bean oil. Cafestol is present in boiled-type coffee beverages. Possesses hypercholesterolaemic activity. Diterpenoid constits. of coffee products are associated with cardiotoxic properties Cafestol is a diterpene molecule present in coffee Cafestol is a diterpene molecule and is a constituent of coffee bean oil. It is found in boiled-type coffee beverages. Possesses hypercholesterolaemic activity. Diterpenoid constitsuents of coffee products are associated with cardiotoxic props. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1]. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1]. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1].

Araloside A

C47H74O18 (926.4875)

Chikusetsusaponin-IV is a triterpenoid saponin. It has a role as a metabolite. Araloside A is a natural product found in Kalopanax septemlobus, Bassia muricata, and other organisms with data available. Araloside A is found in green vegetables. Araloside A is from Aralia elata (Japanese angelica tree From Aralia elata (Japanese angelica tree). Araloside A is found in green vegetables. Araloside A (Chikusetsusaponin IV) is a component of Panax japonicus, with low-renin-inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 77.4 μM[1]. Araloside A (Chikusetsusaponin IV) is a component of Panax japonicus, with low-renin-inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 77.4 μM[1].

Veratrole_alcohol

C9H12O3 (168.0786)

(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol is a member of the class of benzyl alcohols that is benzyl alcohol in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 of the phenyl group are substituted by methoxy groups. It has a role as a fungal metabolite. It is a member of benzyl alcohols, a primary alcohol and a dimethoxybenzene. 3,4-Dimethoxybenzyl alcohol is a natural product found in Croton lechleri and Cucurbita pepo with data available. A member of the class of benzyl alcohols that is benzyl alcohol in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 of the phenyl group are substituted by methoxy groups. Veratryl alcohol (3,4-Dimethoxybenzenemethanol), a secondary metabolite of some lignin degrading fungi, is commonly used nonphenolic substrate for assaying ligninolytic activity[1][2]. Veratryl alcohol (3,4-Dimethoxybenzenemethanol), a secondary metabolite of some lignin degrading fungi, is commonly used nonphenolic substrate for assaying ligninolytic activity[1][2].

Aromadendrin

C15H12O6 (288.0634)

(+)-dihydrokaempferol is a tetrahydroxyflavanone having hydroxy groupa at the 3-, 4-, 5- and 7-positions. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a tetrahydroxyflavanone, a member of dihydroflavonols, a secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone and a member of 4-hydroxyflavanones. It is functionally related to a kaempferol. It is a conjugate acid of a (+)-dihydrokaempferol 7-oxoanion. Aromadendrin is a natural product found in Smilax corbularia, Ventilago leiocarpa, and other organisms with data available. See also: Acai fruit pulp (part of). Isolated from Citrus subspecies and many other plants. Aromadendrin is found in many foods, some of which are thistle, coriander, adzuki bean, and almond. Aromadendrin is found in citrus. Aromadendrin is isolated from Citrus species and many other plant A tetrahydroxyflavanone having hydroxy groupa at the 3-, 4-, 5- and 7-positions. Dihydrokaempferol is isolated from Bauhinia championii (Benth). Dihydrokaempferol induces apoptosis and inhibits Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression. Dihydrokaempferol is a good candidate for new antiarthritic agents[1]. Dihydrokaempferol. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=480-20-6 (retrieved 2024-09-18) (CAS RN: 480-20-6). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

febrifugine

C16H19N3O3 (301.1426)

Isofebrifugine is a member of quinazolines. Isofebrifugine is a natural product found in Hydrangea febrifuga and Hydrangea macrophylla with data available. Febrifugine is a quinazolinone alkaloid found in the roots and leaves of Dichroa febrifuga, with antimalarial activity [1]. Febrifugine is a quinazolinone alkaloid found in the roots and leaves of Dichroa febrifuga, with antimalarial activity [1].

Columbamine

C20H20NO4+ (338.1392)

Columbamine is a berberine alkaloid and an organic heterotetracyclic compound. Columbamine is a natural product found in Thalictrum podocarpum, Berberis thunbergii, and other organisms with data available.

Ajmalicine

C21H24N2O3 (352.1787)

Ajmalicine is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with formula C21H24N2O3, isolated from several Rauvolfia and Catharanthus species. It is a selective alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure. It has a role as an antihypertensive agent, an alpha-adrenergic antagonist and a vasodilator agent. It is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, a methyl ester and an organic heteropentacyclic compound. It is a conjugate base of an ajmalicine(1+). Ajmalicine is a natural product found in Crossosoma bigelovii, Rauvolfia yunnanensis, and other organisms with data available. A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with formula C21H24N2O3, isolated from several Rauvolfia and Catharanthus species. It is a selective alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure. D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents INTERNAL_ID 2326; CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2326 [Raw Data] CB001_Ajmalicine_pos_40eV_CB000004.txt [Raw Data] CB001_Ajmalicine_pos_10eV_CB000004.txt [Raw Data] CB001_Ajmalicine_pos_50eV_CB000004.txt [Raw Data] CB001_Ajmalicine_pos_20eV_CB000004.txt [Raw Data] CB001_Ajmalicine_pos_30eV_CB000004.txt Ajmalicine (Raubasine) is a potent adrenolytic agent which preferentially blocks α1-adrenoceptor. Ajmalicine is an reversible but non-competitive nicotine receptor full inhibitor, with an IC50 of 72.3 μM. Ajmalicine also can be used as anti-hypertensive, and serpentine, with sedative activity[1][2]. Ajmalicine (Raubasine) is a potent adrenolytic agent which preferentially blocks α1-adrenoceptor. Ajmalicine is an reversible but non-competitive nicotine receptor full inhibitor, with an IC50 of 72.3 μM. Ajmalicine also can be used as anti-hypertensive, and serpentine, with sedative activity[1][2]. Ajmalicine (Raubasine) is a potent adrenolytic agent which preferentially blocks α1-adrenoceptor. Ajmalicine is an reversible but non-competitive nicotine receptor full inhibitor, with an IC50 of 72.3 μM. Ajmalicine also can be used as anti-hypertensive, and serpentine, with sedative activity[1][2].

Isofucosterol

C29H48O (412.3705)

Isofucosterol, also known as delta5-avenasterol, is a phytosterol. Phytosterols, or plant sterols, are compounds that occur naturally and bear a close structural resemblance to cholesterol but have different side-chain configurations. Phytosterols are relevant in pharmaceuticals (production of therapeutic steroids), nutrition (anti-cholesterol additives in functional foods, anti-cancer properties), and cosmetics (creams, lipstick). Phytosterols can be obtained from vegetable oils or from industrial wastes, which gives an added value to the latter. Considerable efforts have been recently dedicated to the development of efficient processes for phytosterol isolation from natural sources. The present work aims to summarize information on the applications of phytosterols and to review recent approaches, mainly from the industry, for the large-scale recovery of phytosterols (PMID: 17123816, 16481154). Isofucosterol is found to be associated with phytosterolemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism. Isofucosterol, also known as (24z)-stigmasta-5,24(28)-dien-3-ol or delta5-avenasterol, belongs to stigmastanes and derivatives class of compounds. Those are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24. Thus, isofucosterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. Isofucosterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Isofucosterol can be found in a number of food items such as globe artichoke, gooseberry, deerberry, and ucuhuba, which makes isofucosterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Isofucosterol can be found primarily in blood. Moreover, isofucosterol is found to be associated with sitosterolemia. Isofucosterol is a 3beta-sterol consisting of stigmastan-3beta-ol with double bonds at positions 5 and 24(28). The double bond at postion 24(28) adopts a Z-configuration. It has a role as an animal metabolite, a plant metabolite, an algal metabolite and a marine metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a C29-steroid and a member of phytosterols. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane. Fucosterol is a natural product found in Echinometra lucunter, Ulva fasciata, and other organisms with data available. A 3beta-sterol consisting of stigmastan-3beta-ol with double bonds at positions 5 and 24(28). The double bond at postion 24(28) adopts a Z-configuration. Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research. Isofucosterol. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=481-14-1 (retrieved 2024-10-08) (CAS RN: 481-14-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Euscaphic acid

C30H48O5 (488.3502)

Euscaphic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 19 respectively (the 2alpha,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid and a triol. It derives from a hydride of an ursane. Euscaphic acid is a natural product found in Ternstroemia gymnanthera, Rhaphiolepis deflexa, and other organisms with data available. A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 19 respectively (the 2alpha,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata. Euscaphic acid is found in herbs and spices. Euscaphic acid is a constituent of Coleus amboinicus (Cuban oregano). Constituent of Coleus amboinicus (Cuban oregano). Euscaphic acid is found in loquat and herbs and spices. Euscaphic acid, a DNA polymerase inhibitor, is a triterpene from the root of the R. alceaefolius Poir. Euscaphic inhibits calf DNA polymerase α (pol α) and rat DNA polymerase β (pol β) with IC50 values of 61 and 108 μM[1]. Euscaphic acid induces apoptosis[2]. Euscaphic acid, a DNA polymerase inhibitor, is a triterpene from the root of the R. alceaefolius Poir. Euscaphic inhibits calf DNA polymerase α (pol α) and rat DNA polymerase β (pol β) with IC50 values of 61 and 108 μM[1]. Euscaphic acid induces apoptosis[2].

Bruceantin

C28H36O11 (548.2258)

Bruceantin is a triterpenoid. Bruceantin is a natural product found in Brucea javanica and Brucea antidysenterica with data available. Bruceantin is a triterpene quassinoid antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica. Bruceantin inhibits the peptidyl transferase elongation reaction, resulting in decreased protein and DNA synthesis. Bruceantin also has antiamoebic and antimalarial activity. (NCI04) C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C1931 - Antineoplastic Plant Product > C1974 - Quassinoid Agent C784 - Protein Synthesis Inhibitor C1907 - Drug, Natural Product Bruceantin (NSC165563) can be extracted from B. javanica and has inhibitory effects on B16 melanoma, colon cancer 38, L1210 and leukemia P388. Bruceantin (NSC165563) can be extracted from B. javanica and has inhibitory effects on B16 melanoma, colon cancer 38, L1210 and leukemia P388.

Astragaloside I

C45H72O16 (868.482)

Astragaloside I is a triterpenoid saponin that is cycloastragenol glycosylated at positions 3 and 6 by 2,3-di-O-acetyl-beta-D-xylosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a triterpenoid saponin, a monosaccharide derivative, a beta-D-glucoside, a member of oxolanes and a pentacyclic triterpenoid. It is functionally related to a cycloastragenol. Astrasieversianin IV is a natural product found in Astragalus hoantchy, Astragalus lehmannianus, and other organisms with data available. See also: Astragalus propinquus root (part of). A triterpenoid saponin that is cycloastragenol glycosylated at positions 3 and 6 by 2,3-di-O-acetyl-beta-D-xylosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues respectively. Astragaloside I, one of the main active ingredients in Astragalus membranaceus, has osteogenic properties. Astragaloside I stimulates osteoblast differentiation through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway[1]. Astragaloside I, one of the main active ingredients in Astragalus membranaceus, has osteogenic properties. Astragaloside I stimulates osteoblast differentiation through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway[1].

3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid

C9H10O5 (198.0528)

3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid is a 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid and a member of catechols. It is functionally related to a rac-lactic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactate. 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid is a natural product found in Salvia miltiorrhiza, Salvia sonchifolia, and other organisms with data available. 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid is a natural catecholamine metabolite present in normal newborns plasma (PMID 1391254) and in normal urine (PMID 7460271) [HMDB]. 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid is found in rosemary. 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid is a natural catecholamine metabolite present in normal newborns plasma (PMID 1391254) and in normal urine (PMID 7460271).

D-Citronellol

C10H20O (156.1514)

Citronellol is formally classified as alkylalcohol although it is biochemically a monoterpenoid as it is synthesized from isoprene units. Citronellol is a neutral compound. It is a naturally occurring organic compound found in cannabis plants (PMID:6991645 ). Citronellol occurs in many essential oils as either ‚Äì or + enantiomers. -Citronellol is found in the oils of rose (18-55\\\\\\%) and Pelargonium geraniums while + citronellol is found in citronella oils extracted from the leaves and stems of Cymbopogon nardus or citronella grass. Citronellol has a citrus, floral, and geranium taste with a floral¬†leathery¬†waxy¬†rose¬†citrus odor ( Ref:DOI ). It is used in perfumery to add scents to soaps and incense. It is an insect repellent that repels mosquitos at short distances (PMID:2862274 ). Citronellol is found in highest concentrations in gingers, sweet basils, and winter savories and in lower concentrations in highbush blueberries, bilberries, and cardamoms. Citronellol has also been detected in blackcurrants, fennels, evergreen blackberries, herbs and spices, and nutmegs making citronellol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Citronellol has promising pharmacological activities (PMID:30453001 ) against human lung cancer (PMID:31280209 ), against induced rat breast cancer (PMID:31313341 ), has antifungal activity against Candida species (PMID:32150884 ) and has anti-hypertensive properties (PMID:26872991 ). (R)-(+)-citronellol is a citronellol that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7 (the 3R-enantiomer). It is an enantiomer of a (S)-(-)-citronellol. D-Citronellol is a natural product found in Azadirachta indica, Saxifraga stolonifera, and other organisms with data available. See also: beta-CITRONELLOL, (R)-; GERANIOL (component of); beta-CITRONELLOL, (R)-; GERANIOL; LINALOOL, (+/-)- (component of) ... View More ... Constituent of black cumin (Nigella sativa) seeds. A common constituent of plant oils, especies in the Rutaceae. D-Citronellol is found in herbs and spices. (R)-Citronellol (D-Citronellol) is an alcoholic monoterpene found in geranium essential oil. (R)-Citronellol inhibits degranulation of mast cells and does not affect caffeine bitterness perception. (R)-Citronellol can be used in decorative cosmetics, toiletries as well as in non-cosmetic products[1][2][3]. (R)-Citronellol (D-Citronellol) is an alcoholic monoterpene found in geranium essential oil. (R)-Citronellol inhibits degranulation of mast cells and does not affect caffeine bitterness perception. (R)-Citronellol can be used in decorative cosmetics, toiletries as well as in non-cosmetic products[1][2][3]. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1]. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1].

Zingiberene

C15H24 (204.1878)

Zingiberene is 2-Methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene in which a hydrogen at the 5 position is substituted (R configuration) by a 6-methyl-hept-5-en-2-yl group (S configuration). It is a sesquiterpene found in the dried rhizomes of Indonesian ginger, Zingiber officinale. It is a sesquiterpene and a cyclohexadiene. It is an enantiomer of an ent-zingiberene. Zingiberene is a natural product found in Chaerophyllum azoricum, Helichrysum odoratissimum, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of ginger oiland is) also from wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum), long pepper (Piper longum) and kua (Curcuma zedoaria). Zingiberene is found in many foods, some of which are cloves, pepper (spice), ginger, and turmeric. Zingiberene is found in anise. Zingiberene is a constituent of ginger oil. Also from wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum), long pepper (Piper longum) and kua (Curcuma zedoaria)

Trehalose

C12H22O11 (342.1162)

Trehalose, also known as mycose, is a 1-alpha (disaccharide) sugar found extensively but not abundantly in nature. It is thought to be implicated in anhydrobiosis - the ability of plants and animals to withstand prolonged periods of desiccation. The sugar is thought to form a gel phase as cells dehydrate, which prevents disruption of internal cell organelles by effectively splinting them in position. Rehydration then allows normal cellular activity to be resumed without the major, generally lethal damage that would normally follow a dehydration/reyhdration cycle. Trehalose is a non-reducing sugar formed from two glucose units joined by a 1-1 alpha bond giving it the name of alpha-D-glucopyranoglucopyranosyl-1,1-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. The bonding makes trehalose very resistant to acid hydrolysis, and therefore stable in solution at high temperatures even under acidic conditions. The bonding also keeps non-reducing sugars in closed-ring form, such that the aldehyde or ketone end-groups do not bind to the lysine or arginine residues of proteins (a process called glycation). The enzyme trehalase, present but not abundant in most people, breaks it into two glucose molecules, which can then be readily absorbed in the gut. Trehalose is an important components of insects circulating fluid. It acts as a storage form of insect circulating fluid and it is important in respiration. Trehalose has also been found to be a metabolite of Burkholderia, Escherichia and Propionibacterium (PMID:12105274; PMID:25479689) (krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/bitstream/1/84382/1/88571\\\\%20P-1257.pdf). Alpha,alpha-trehalose is a trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon. It has a role as a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a geroprotector. Cabaletta has been used in trials studying the treatment of Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy. Trehalose is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Trehalose is a natural product found in Cora pavonia, Selaginella nothohybrida, and other organisms with data available. Trehalose is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Occurs in fungi. EU and USA approved sweetener Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 149 D-(+)-Trehalose,which is widespread, can be used as a food ingredient and pharmaceutical excipient. D-(+)-Trehalose,which is widespread, can be used as a food ingredient and pharmaceutical excipient.

sulfurein

C15H10O5 (270.0528)

Sulfuretin is a member of 1-benzofurans. Sulfuretin is a natural product found in Calanticaria bicolor, Dipteryx lacunifera, and other organisms with data available. Sulfuretin inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Sulfuretin can be used for the research of allergic airway inflammation. Sulfuretin reduces oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, and mutagenesis[1]. Sulfuretin is a competitive and potent inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase activities with the IC50 of 13.64 μM[2]. Sulfuretin inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Sulfuretin can be used for the research of allergic airway inflammation. Sulfuretin reduces oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, and mutagenesis[1]. Sulfuretin is a competitive and potent inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase activities with the IC50 of 13.64 μM[2].

Canadine

C20H21NO4 (339.1471)

(S)-canadine is the (S)-enantiomer of canadine. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an an (S)-7,8,13,14-tetrahydroprotoberberine and a canadine. It is functionally related to a (S)-nandinine. It is an enantiomer of a (R)-canadine. (S)-Canadine is a natural product found in Hydrastis canadensis, Corydalis turtschaninovii, and other organisms with data available. The (S)-enantiomer of canadine. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.721 D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D010975 - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.718 Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors. Tetrahydroberberine is a different kind of living thing that can be extended and divided into parts. Tetrahydroberberine is a kind of effective D2 receptor antagonistic force. Tetrahydroberberine has the ability to strengthen the stomach and relieve the pressure on the stomach[1][2][3]. Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors.

3-methylgallic acid

C8H8O5 (184.0372)

3-O-methylgallic acid is a member of the class of benzoic acids that is gallic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group at position 3 is converted into the corresponding methyl ether. It is a member of catechols and a member of benzoic acids. It is functionally related to a gallic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 3-O-methylgallate. 3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid is a natural product found in Aloe africana, Macaranga tanarius, and other organisms with data available. 3-O-Methylgallic acid (3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid) is an anthocyanin metabolite and has potent antioxidant capacity. 3-O-methylgallic acid inhibits Caco-2 cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 24.1 μM. 3-O-methylgallic acid also induces cell apoptosis and has anti-cancer effects[1][2]. 3-O-Methylgallic acid (3,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid) is an anthocyanin metabolite and has potent antioxidant capacity. 3-O-methylgallic acid inhibits Caco-2 cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 24.1 μM. 3-O-methylgallic acid also induces cell apoptosis and has anti-cancer effects[1][2].

evocarpine

C23H33NO (339.2562)

Evocarpine is a member of quinolines. Evocarpine is a natural product found in Tetradium ruticarpum with data available. 1-methyl-2-[(E)-tridec-8-enyl]quinolin-4-one is a natural product found in Tetradium ruticarpum with data available. Evocarpine, a quinolone alkaloid that could be isolated from Evodiae fructus, inhibitss Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent calcium channels. Antimycobacterial activity[1][2]. Evocarpine, a quinolone alkaloid that could be isolated from Evodiae fructus, inhibitss Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent calcium channels. Antimycobacterial activity[1][2].

Proscillaridin

C30H42O8 (530.288)

Proscillaridin is an organic molecular entity. Proscillaridin is a cardiac glycoside that is derived from plants of the genus Scilla and in Drimia maritima (Scilla maritima). Studies suggest the potential cytotoxic and anticancer property of proscillaridin, based on evidence of the drug potently disrupting topoisomerase I and II activity at nanomolar drug concentrations and triggering cell death and blocking cell proliferation of glioblastoma cell lines. Proscillaridin is a natural product found in Drimia indica with data available. A cardiotonic glycoside isolated from Scilla maritima var. alba (Squill). C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy > C01A - Cardiac glycosides > C01AB - Scilla glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C78322 - Cardiotonic Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Proscillaridin A is a potent poison of topoisomerase I/II activity with IC50 values of 30 nM and 100 nM, respectively[1]. Proscillaridin A is a potent poison of topoisomerase I/II activity with IC50 values of 30 nM and 100 nM, respectively[1].

DUB OM HTO

C19H36O2 (296.2715)

Oleic acid methyl ester is a clear to amber liquid. Insoluble in water. (NTP, 1992) Methyl oleate is a fatty acid methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of oleic acid with methanol. It is functionally related to an oleic acid. Methyl oleate is a natural product found in Anchietea pyrifolia, Lepidium meyenii, and other organisms with data available. Methyl oleate is a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). Methyl oleate substantially improves the antioxidation ability but markedly impaired the antiwear capacity of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)[1]. Methyl oleate is a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). Methyl oleate substantially improves the antioxidation ability but markedly impaired the antiwear capacity of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)[1].

Asitrilobin B

C35H64O7 (596.4652)

Annonacin is a natural product found in Xylopia aromatica, Asimina triloba, and other organisms with data available. Asitrilobin B is found in fruits. Asitrilobin B is a constituent of the seeds of Asimina triloba (pawpaw). Constituent of the seeds of Asimina triloba (pawpaw). Asitrilobin B is found in fruits.

CleomiscosinA

C20H18O8 (386.1002)

Cleomiscosin A is an organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2,3-dihydro-9H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-h]chromen-9-one substituted by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl group at position 3, a hydroxymethyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5 (the 2R,3R stereoisomer). It exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It has a role as a metabolite and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a delta-lactone, an aromatic ether, an organic heterotricyclic compound, a member of phenols and a primary alcohol. Cleomiscosin A is a natural product found in Hibiscus syriacus, Artemisia minor, and other organisms with data available. An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2,3-dihydro-9H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-h]chromen-9-one substituted by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl group at position 3, a hydroxymethyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5 (the 2R,3R stereoisomer). It exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. Cleomiscosin A is a coumarino-lignoid from branch of Macaranga adenantha. Cleomiscosin A is active against TNF-alpha secretion of the mouse peritoneal macrophages[1][2]. Cleomiscosin A is a coumarino-lignoid from branch of Macaranga adenantha. Cleomiscosin A is active against TNF-alpha secretion of the mouse peritoneal macrophages[1][2].

chrysoplenol D

C18H16O8 (360.0845)

3,4,5-trihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone is a trimethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7-trimethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent and a metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavone and a trimethoxyflavone. It is functionally related to a quercetagetin. Chrysosplenol D is a natural product found in Psiadia viscosa, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, and other organisms with data available. See also: Vitex negundo fruit (part of). Chrysosplenol D is a methoxy flavonoid that induces ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis in triple negative human breast cancer cells. Chrysosplenol D also exhibits anti-inflammatory and moderate antitrypanosomal activities[1][2][3][4]. Chrysosplenol D is a methoxy flavonoid that induces ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis in triple negative human breast cancer cells. Chrysosplenol D also exhibits anti-inflammatory and moderate antitrypanosomal activities[1][2][3][4].

Butin_(molecule)

C15H12O5 (272.0685)

Butin is a trihydroxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 3, 4 and 7. It is found in Acacia mearnsii, Vernonia anthelmintica and Dalbergia odorifera and has a protective affect against oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. It has a role as an antioxidant, a protective agent and a metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavanone and a member of 4-hydroxyflavanones. Butin is a natural product found in Dipteryx lacunifera, Acacia vestita, and other organisms with data available. A trihydroxyflavanone in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 3, 4 and 7. It is found in Acacia mearnsii, Vernonia anthelmintica and Dalbergia odorifera and has a protective affect against oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. (-)-Butin is the S enantiomer of Butin. Butin is a major biologically active flavonoid isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera, with strong antioxidant, antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. (-)-Butin is the S enantiomer of Butin. Butin is a major biologically active flavonoid isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera, with strong antioxidant, antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. (-)-Butin is the S enantiomer of Butin. Butin is a major biologically active flavonoid isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera, with strong antioxidant, antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. (-)-Butin is the S enantiomer of Butin. Butin is a major biologically active flavonoid isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera, with strong antioxidant, antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. Butin is a major biologically active flavonoid isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera, with strong antioxidant, antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory activities. Butin significantly alleviates myocardial infarction and improves heart function, together with prevents diabetes-induced cardiac oxidative damage in rat[1][2]. Butin is a major biologically active flavonoid isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera, with strong antioxidant, antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory activities. Butin significantly alleviates myocardial infarction and improves heart function, together with prevents diabetes-induced cardiac oxidative damage in rat[1][2].

Valencene

C15H24 (204.1878)

(+)-valencene is a carbobicyclic compound and sesquiterpene that is 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene which is substituted a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 3 and by methyl groups at positions 4a and 5 (the 3R,4aS,5R- diastereoisomer). It is a sesquiterpene, a carbobicyclic compound and a polycyclic olefin. Valencene is a natural product found in Xylopia sericea, Helichrysum odoratissimum, and other organisms with data available. Valencene is found in citrus. Valencene is a constituent of orange oil Valencene is a sesquiterpene isolated from Cyperus rotundus, possesses antiallergic, antimelanogenesis, anti-infammatory, and antioxidant activitivies. Valencene inhibits the exaggerated expression of Th2 chemokines and proinflammatory chemokines through blockade of the NF-κB pathway. Valencene is used to flavor foods and drinks[1][2][3].

Gardoside

C16H22O10 (374.1213)

Gardoside is a glycoside. Gardoside is a natural product found in Plantago atrata, Gardenia jasminoides, and other organisms with data available.

Lactupicrin

C23H22O7 (410.1365)

Lactucopicrin is an azulenofuran, a cyclic terpene ketone, an enone, a member of phenols, a sesquiterpene lactone and a primary alcohol. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a sedative and an antimalarial. It is functionally related to a 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and a lactucin. Lactupicrin is a natural product found in Cichorium endivia, Cichorium spinosum, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of Lactuca sativa (lettuce), Cichorium intybus (chicory) and Cichorium endivia (endive). Lactupicrin is found in many foods, some of which are endive, romaine lettuce, chicory, and lettuce. Lactupicrin is found in chicory. Lactupicrin is a constituent of Lactuca sativa (lettuce), Cichorium intybus (chicory) and Cichorium endivia (endive) Lactupicrin (Lactucopicrin) is a characteristic bitter sesquiterpene lactone that can relieve pain. Lactupicrin exhibits atheroprotective effect[1][2]. Lactupicrin (Lactucopicrin) is a characteristic bitter sesquiterpene lactone that can relieve pain. Lactupicrin exhibits atheroprotective effect[1][2].

Fustin

C15H12O6 (288.0634)

Fustin is a natural product found in Acacia vestita, Acacia carneorum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Cotinus coggygria whole (part of); Toxicodendron succedaneum whole (part of). A dihydroflavonol that is the 2,3-dihydro derivative of fisetin. Fustinis ((±)-Fustin; 3,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavanone) is a potent amyloid β (Aβ) inhibitor. Fustinis ((±)-Fustin; 3,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavanone) increases the expression of acetylcholine (ACh) levels, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and ChAT gene induced by Aβ (1-42). Fustinis ((±)-Fustin; 3,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavanone) decreases in acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity and AChE gene expression induced by Aβ (1-42). Fustinis ((±)-Fustin; 3,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavanone) increases muscarinic M1 receptor gene expression and muscarinic M1 receptor binding activity. Fustinis ((±)-Fustin; 3,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavanone) can be used for Alzheimer's disease research[1].

Neriifolin

C30H46O8 (534.3193)

Neriifolin is a cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxigenin in which the hydroxy goup at position 3 has been converted to its (6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-glucopyranoside derivative. Found in the seeds of Cerbera odollamand in Thevetia ahouia and Thevitia neriifolia. It has a role as a cardiotonic drug, a toxin and a neuroprotective agent. It is functionally related to a digitoxigenin. Neriifolin is a natural product found in Cerbera manghas, Cerbera odollam, and other organisms with data available. A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxigenin in which the hydroxy goup at position 3 has been converted to its (6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-glucopyranoside derivative. Found in the seeds of Cerbera odollamand in Thevetia ahouia and Thevitia neriifolia. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides [Raw Data] CB071_Neriifolin_pos_40eV_CB000031.txt [Raw Data] CB071_Neriifolin_pos_10eV_CB000031.txt [Raw Data] CB071_Neriifolin_pos_20eV_CB000031.txt [Raw Data] CB071_Neriifolin_pos_50eV_CB000031.txt [Raw Data] CB071_Neriifolin_pos_30eV_CB000031.txt Neriifolin, a CNS-penetrating cardiac glycoside, is an inhibitor of the Na+, K+-ATPase. Neriifolin can target beclin 1, inhibits the formation of LC3-associated phagosomes and ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) development. Neriifolin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells[1][2. Neriifolin, a CNS-penetrating cardiac glycoside, is an inhibitor of the Na+, K+-ATPase. Neriifolin can target beclin 1, inhibits the formation of LC3-associated phagosomes and ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) development. Neriifolin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells[1][2.

napelline

C22H33NO3 (359.246)

LSM-1634 is a kaurane diterpenoid. Napelline is a natural product found in Aconitum karakolicum, Aconitum baicalense, and other organisms with data available. 12-Epinapelline is a kaurane diterpenoid. 12-Epinapelline is a natural product found in Aconitum napellus, Delphinium leroyi, and other organisms with data available. Annotation level-1 12-Epinapelline is a diterpene alkaloid isolated from Aconitum baikalense. 12-Epinapelline exhibits Anti-inflammatory activity and stimulates the growth of colonies from fibroblast precursors[1][2]. 12-Epinapelline is a diterpene alkaloid isolated from Aconitum baikalense. 12-Epinapelline exhibits Anti-inflammatory activity and stimulates the growth of colonies from fibroblast precursors[1][2].

2',4',6'-Trihydroxyacetophenone

C8H8O4 (168.0423)

2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone is a benzenetriol that is acetophenone in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 6 on the phenyl group are replaced by hydroxy groups. It is used as a matrix in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of acidic glycans and glycopeptides. It has a role as a MALDI matrix material and a plant metabolite. It is a methyl ketone, a benzenetriol and an aromatic ketone. 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone is a natural product found in Artemisia gypsacea, Daldinia eschscholtzii, and other organisms with data available. A benzenetriol that is acetophenone in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 6 on the phenyl group are replaced by hydroxy groups. It is used as a matrix in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of acidic glycans and glycopeptides. 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone is found in fruits. 2,4,6-Trihydroxyacetophenone is isolated from bark of Prunus domestica (plum Phloracetophenone (2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone) is the aglycone part of acetophenone glycoside obtained from Curcuma comosa Roxb, with cholesterol-lowering activity. Phloracetophenone enhances cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity[1]. Phloracetophenone stimulats bile secretion mediated through Mrp2[2]. Phloracetophenone (2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone) is the aglycone part of acetophenone glycoside obtained from Curcuma comosa Roxb, with cholesterol-lowering activity. Phloracetophenone enhances cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity[1]. Phloracetophenone stimulats bile secretion mediated through Mrp2[2].

24,25-Dihydrolanosterol

C30H52O (428.4018)

24,25-dihydrolanosterol is a 3beta-sterol formed from lanosterol by reduction across the C-24-C-25 double bond. It has a role as a human metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol and a tetracyclic triterpenoid. It is functionally related to a lanosterol. 24,25-Dihydrolanosterol is a natural product found in Euphorbia sapinii, Heterobasidion annosum, and other organisms with data available. 24,25-dihydrolanosterol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 24,25-Dihydrolanosterol is involved in the biosynthesis of steriods. 24,25-Dihydrolanosterol is reversibly converted to lanosterol by delta24-sterol reductase [EC:1.3.1.72]. A 3beta-sterol formed from lanosterol by reduction across the C-24-C-25 double bond. 24,25-Dihydrolanosterol (Lanostenol) is a component of the seeds of red pepper (Capsicum annuum)[1].

Maltotetraose

C24H42O21 (666.2218)

Cellotetraose is a glucotetrose comprised of four D-glucose residues connected by beta(1->4) linkages. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents Maltotetraose can be used as a substrate for the enzyme-coupled determination of amylase activity in biological fluids. Maltotetraose can be used as a substrate for the enzyme-coupled determination of amylase activity in biological fluids.

Dimethyl phthalate

C10H10O4 (194.0579)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 978; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10088; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10085 ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10088; CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 978; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10085 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 978; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10066; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10061 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 978; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10132; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10128 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 978; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10163; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10160 P - Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents > P03 - Ectoparasiticides, incl. scabicides, insecticides and repellents > P03B - Insecticides and repellents D010575 - Pesticides > D007302 - Insect Repellents CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3673 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 195 D020011 - Protective Agents D016573 - Agrochemicals D005404 - Fixatives ATC code: P03BX02

Dioctyl phthalate

C24H38O4 (390.277)

Di(n-octyl) phthalate, also known as dioctyl 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate or dehp, is a member of the class of compounds known as benzoic acid esters. Benzoic acid esters are ester derivatives of benzoic acid. Di(n-octyl) phthalate is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Di(n-octyl) phthalate can be found in kohlrabi, which makes di(n-octyl) phthalate a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Di(n-octyl) phthalate is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Phthalate esters are endocrine disruptors. Animal studies have shown that they disrupt reproductive development and can cause a number of malformations in affected young, such as reduced anogenital distance (AGD), cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and reduced fertility. The combination of effects associated with phthalates is called phthalate syndrome’ (A2883) (T3DB). CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 198 D010968 - Plasticizers DEHP (Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) is an endogenous metabolite. DEHP (Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) is an endogenous metabolite.

Acetochlor

C14H20ClNO2 (269.1182)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1174; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9499; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9495 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1174; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9451; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9447 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1174; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9445; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9442 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1174; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9479; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9474 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1174; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9585; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9582 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1174; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9473; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9469 CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 104 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8482 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 3221 D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Alachlor

C14H20ClNO2 (269.1182)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 803; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9585; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9582 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 803; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9550; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9545 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 803; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9512; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9510 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 803; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9542; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9539 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 803; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9490; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9488 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 803; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9540; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9537 Selective preemergent herbicide used on food crop CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 274 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 3225 D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Cyproconazole

C15H18ClN3O (291.1138)

CONFIDENCE Parent Substance (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2100 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2568 D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides

Gentisate aldehyde

C7H6O3 (138.0317)

Gentisate aldehyde is a substrate of the enzyme aldehyde oxidase 1 [EC:1.2.3.1] in Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, Tyrosine metabolism, Tryptophan metabolism, Vitamin B6 metabolism and Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. (KEGG) [HMDB] Gentisate aldehyde is a substrate of the enzyme aldehyde oxidase 1 [EC:1.2.3.1] in Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, Tyrosine metabolism, Tryptophan metabolism, Vitamin B6 metabolism and Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. (KEGG). 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde (Gentisaldehyde) is a naturally occurring antimicrobial that inhibits the growth of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde is active against S. aureus strains with a MIC50 of 500 mg/L[1][2].

2-hydroxyphenylacetate

C8H8O3 (152.0473)

ortho-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid, also known as (o-hydroxyphenyl)acetate or 2-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as 2(hydroxyphenyl)acetic acids. 2(Hydroxyphenyl)acetic acids are phenylacetic acids that carry a hydroxyl group at the 2-position. ortho-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). ortho-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can be found in a number of food items such as natal plum, lemon verbena, half-highbush blueberry, and parsley, which makes ortho-hydroxyphenylacetic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. ortho-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can be found primarily in blood, feces, and urine. Moreover, ortho-hydroxyphenylacetic acid is found to be associated with phenylketonuria, which is an inborn error of metabolism. ortho-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is a substrate of the enzyme oxidoreductases (EC 1.14.13.-) in the pathway styrene degradation (KEGG). ortho-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is also a microbial metabolite. ortho-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is a substrate of the enzyme oxidoreductases [EC 1.14.13.-] in the pathway styrene degradation. (KEGG) [HMDB]. 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is found in many foods, some of which are rambutan, common oregano, burbot, and wild leek. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 155 INTERNAL_ID 155; CONFIDENCE standard compound CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 46 COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is a potential biomarker for the food products, and found to be associated with phenylketonuria (PKU). 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is a potential biomarker for the food products, and found to be associated with phenylketonuria (PKU).

2-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol

C7H8O2 (124.0524)

Salicyl alcohol, also known as saligenin or 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, is a member of the class of compounds known as benzyl alcohols. Benzyl alcohols are organic compounds containing the phenylmethanol substructure. Salicyl alcohol is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Salicyl alcohol can be synthesized from phenol and benzyl alcohol. Salicyl alcohol can also be synthesized into salicin. Salicyl alcohol can be found in a number of food items such as red huckleberry, rye, jerusalem artichoke, and ceylon cinnamon, which makes salicyl alcohol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Salicyl alcohol (saligenin) is precursor of salicylic acid and is formed from salicin by enzymatic hydrolysis by Salicyl-alcohol beta-D-glucosyltransferase or by acid hydrolysis . 2-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol (CAS Number 90-01-7) is a stable light brown crystalline powder. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent Salicyl alcohol is an intermediate for medicine, perfume, pesticide. Salicyl alcohol is an intermediate for medicine, perfume, pesticide.

3-Methylindole

C9H9N (131.0735)

3-Methylindole, or skatole, belongs to the indole family and has a methyl substituent in position 3 of the indole ring. It occurs naturally in feces, beets, and coal tar, and has a strong fecal odor. Its name is derived from skato, the Greek word for dung. It exists as a white crystalline or fine powder solid, and it browns upon aging. 3-Methylindole is produced from tryptophan in the mammalian digestive tract where tryptophan is converted to indoleacetic acid, which decarboxylates to give the methylindole. These reactions are largely driven by the microbiota in the digestive tract. 3-Methylindole is soluble in alcohol and benzene and it gives violet color in potassium ferrocyanide (K4Fe(CN)6.3H2O) mixed with sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Skatole has a double ring system which displays aromaticity that comes from the lone pair electrons on the nitrogen. It is continuous (all atoms in the ring are sp2 hybridized), planar, and follows the 4n+2 rule because it has 10 pi electrons. In a 1994 report released by five top cigarette companies, skatole was listed as one of the 599 additives to cigarettes. This is because in low concentrations skatole has a flowery smell and is found in several flowers and essential oils, including those of orange blossoms, jasmine, and Ziziphus mauritiana. As a result, skatole/3-methylindole is used as a fragrance and fixative in many perfumes and as a general aroma compound for other applications. 3-Methylindole has been found to be a bacterial metabolite of members of the Clostridium (PMID: 18223109) and Lactobacillus (PMID: 16345702) families. Skatole functions as an insect attractant and is one of many compounds that are attractive to males of various species of orchid bees, which apparently gather the chemical to synthesize pheromones; it is commonly used as bait for these bees for study (PMID: 12647866). It is also known for being an attractant for the Tasmanian grass grub beetle (Aphodius tasmaniae). Skatole has also been shown to be an attractant to gravid mosquitoes in both field and laboratory conditions (PMID: 24242053). 3-methylindole, also known as skatol or 3-methyl-4,5-benzopyrrole, is a member of the class of compounds known as 3-methylindoles. 3-methylindoles are aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain an indole moiety substituted at the 3-position with a methyl group. 3-methylindole is slightly soluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 3-methylindole is a very strong, animal, and civet tasting compound found in common beet and red beetroot, which makes 3-methylindole a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 3-methylindole can be found primarily in feces and saliva. Skatole or 3-methylindole is a mildly toxic white crystalline organic compound belonging to the indole family. It occurs naturally in feces (it is produced from tryptophan in the mammalian digestive tract) and coal tar and has a strong fecal odor. In low concentrations, it has a flowery smell and is found in several flowers and essential oils, including those of orange blossoms, jasmine, and Ziziphus mauritiana. It is used as a fragrance and fixative in many perfumes and as an aroma compound. Its name is derived from the Greek root skato- meaning "dung". Skatole was discovered in 1877 by the German physician Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919). Skatole is also used by U.S. military in its non-lethal weaponry; specifically, malodorants . Skatole. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=83-34-1 (retrieved 2024-07-02) (CAS RN: 83-34-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Skatole is produced by intestinal bacteria, regulates intestinal epithelial cellular functions through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors and p38[1]. Skatole is produced by intestinal bacteria, regulates intestinal epithelial cellular functions through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors and p38[1].

6-HYDROXYMELATONIN

C13H16N2O3 (248.1161)

A member of the class of tryptamines that is melatonin with a hydroxy group substituent at position 6. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents 6-Hydroxymelatonin is a primary metabolic of Melatonin, which is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2.

21-Deoxycortisol

C21H30O4 (346.2144)

Plasma 21-deoxycortisol (21DF) is an excellent marker of 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Currently, it is the only marker able to detect heterozygous carriers with 21-hydroxylase deficiency after Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) stimulation. The syndrome of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) comprises the spectrum of autosomal recessive enzymatic disorders that impair cortisol biosynthesis. The hormonal pattern and clinical manifestations result from hyperstimulation of the adrenal cortex by excessive production of ACTH, untied from the negative feedback exerted by reduced cortisol levels, and the ultimate accumulation of F precursors and androgens. These abnormalities predispose the female newborn to ambiguous genitalia (female pseudohermaphroditism) and precocious puberty that may occur in both sexes. CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) comprises nearly 90\\% of all cases, with an estimated worldwide incidence of 1 in 14,000 live births. Because 21-deoxycortisol (21DF) is an 11b-hydroxylase (11bOH) derivative of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP), its serum levels are parallel and proportionally elevated in patients with 21OHD but decreased or undetectable in those with 11b-hydroxylase deficiency (11bOHD), another genetic disorder. Due to the marked buildup of 17OHP in 21OHD, this precursor steroid can proceed directly to 11-hydroxylation, producing distinct elevations of 21DF (PMID: 16551734, 10731638). Plasma 21-deoxycortisol (21DF) is an excellent marker of 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Currently, it is the only marker able to detect heterozygous carriers with 21-hydroxylase deficiency after Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) stimulation. The syndrome of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) comprises the spectrum of autosomal recessive enzymatic disorders that impair cortisol biosynthesis. The hormonal pattern and clinical manifestations result from hyperstimulation of the adrenal cortex by excessive production of ACTH, untied from the negative feedback exerted by reduced cortisol levels, and the ultimate accumulation of F precursors and androgens. These abnormalities predispose the female newborn to ambiguous genitalia (female pseudohermaphroditism) and precocious puberty that may occur in both sexes. CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) comprises nearly 90\\% of all cases, with an estimated worldwide incidence of 1 in 14,000 live births. Because 21-deoxycortisol (21DF) is an 11b-hydroxylase (11bOH) derivative of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP), its serum levels are parallel and proportionally elevated in patients with 21OHD but decreased or undetectable in those with 11b-hydroxylase deficiency (11bOHD). Due to the marked buildup of 17OHP in 21OHD, this precursor steroid can proceed directly to 11-hydroxylation, producing distinct elevations of 21DF. (PMID: 16551734, 10731638) [HMDB] D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

N-Acetylhistamine

C7H11N3O (153.0902)

N-Acetylhistamine is a 4-(beta-Acetylaminoethyl)imidazole that is an intermediate in Histidine metabolism. It is generated from Histamine via the enzyme Transferases (EC 2.3.1.-). Histamine is an amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of histidine. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter. Isolated from leaves of Spinacia oleracea (spinach). N-Acetylhistamine is found in green vegetables and spinach. KEIO_ID A093 N-Acetylhistamine is a histamine metabolite. N-acetylhistamine can be used as a potential biomarker of histidine metabolism for anaphylactoid reactions. N-Acetylhistamine is a histamine metabolite. N-acetylhistamine can be used as a potential biomarker of histidine metabolism for anaphylactoid reactions.

Mesaconic acid

C5H6O4 (130.0266)

Mesaconic acid, also known as 2-methylfumarate or citronic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an acyl chain that has a methyl branch. Usually, they are saturated and contain only one or more methyl group. However, branches other than methyl may be present. Mesaconic acid is a dicarboxylic butenoic acid, with a methyl group in position 2 and the double bound between carbons 2 and 3. Mesaconic acid was first studied for its physical properties in 1874 by Jacobus van ‘t Hoff (https://web.archive.org/web/20051117102410/http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Chem-History/Van\\%27t-Hoff-1874.html). It is now known to be involved in the biosynthesis of vitamin B12 and it is also a competitor inhibitor of the reduction of fumarate. Mesaconic acid is one of several isomeric carboxylic acids obtained from citric acid. Is used as a fire retardant, recent studies revealed this acid is a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction. [HMDB] Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. D003879 - Dermatologic Agents

Dethiobiotin

C10H18N2O3 (214.1317)

Dethiobiotin is a synthetic metabolite that mimic the effects of biotin on gene expression and thus have biotin-like activities. In mammals, biotin serves as a coenzyme for carboxylases such as propionyl-CoA carboxylase. (PMID 12730407) [HMDB]. Dethiobiotin is found in many foods, some of which are agave, garden onion, lime, and black mulberry. Dethiobiotin is a synthetic metabolite that mimic the effects of biotin on gene expression and thus have biotin-like activities. In mammals, biotin serves as a coenzyme for carboxylases such as propionyl-CoA carboxylase. (PMID 12730407). D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D050258 - Mitosis Modulators > D008934 - Mitogens KEIO_ID D075; [MS3] KO009104 KEIO_ID D075; [MS2] KO009103 KEIO_ID D075 D-Desthiobiotin is a biotin derivative used in affinity chromatography and protein chromatography. D-Desthiobiotin also can be used for protein and cell labeling, detection and isolation[1].

Dihydroorotic acid

C5H6N2O4 (158.0328)

4,5-Dihydroorotic acid, also known as dihydroorotate or hydroorotate is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that results from the base-catalysed cyclisation of N-alpha-carbethoxyasparagine. It is classified as a secondary amide, a monocarboxylic acid, a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid and a N-acylurea. 4,5-Dihydroorotic acid is a derivative of orotic acid which serves as an intermediate in pyrimidine biosynthesis. 4,5-Dihydroorotic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. 4,5-Dihydroorotic acid is synthesized by the enzyme known as Dihydroorotase (EC 3.5.2.3) which converts carbamoyl aspartic acid into 4,5-dihydroorotic acid as part of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway (PMID: 13163076). 4,5-Dihydroorotic acid is also a substrate for the enzyme known as dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). In mammalian species, DHODH catalyzes the fourth step in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, which involves the ubiquinone-mediated oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate and the reduction of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) to dihydroflavin mononucleotide (FMNH2). Inhibition of DHODH activity with teriflunomide (an immunomodulatory drug) or expression with RNA interference results in reduced ROS generation and consequent apoptosis of transformed skin and prostate epithelial cells. Mutations in the DHOD gene have been shown to cause Miller syndrome, also known as Genee-Wiedemann syndrome, Wildervanck-Smith syndrome or post-axial acrofacial dystosis (PMID: 19915526). 4,5-Dihydroorotic acid is a substrate of the enzyme orotate reductase [EC 1.3.1.14], which is part of the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. (KEGG) Dihydroorotate is oxidized by Dihydroorotate dehydrogenases (DHODs) to orotate. These dehydrogenases use their FMN (flavin mononucleotide) prosthetic group to abstract a hydride equivalent from C6 to deprotonate C5 [HMDB] L-Dihydroorotic acid can reversibly hydrolyze to yield the acyclic L-ureidosuccinic acid by dihydrowhey enzyme[1].

Cysteine S-sulfate

C3H7NO5S2 (200.9766)

Cysteine-S-sulfate (SSC) is produced by reaction of inorganic sulfite and cystine by a yet unknown pathway and is a very potent NMDA-receptor agonist. Electrophysiological studies have shown that SSC displays depolarizing properties similar to glutamate. Patients affected with either Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MOCOD, an autosomal recessive disease that leads to a combined deficiency of the enzymes sulphite oxidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of sulfite to inorganic sulfate, xanthine dehydrogenase and aldehyde oxidase) or isolated sulphite oxidase deficiency (ISOD, an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder with identical clinical manifestations to MOCOD) excrete elevated levels of SSC. This rare disorder is associated with brain damage (seizures, spastic quadriplegia, and cerebral atrophy), mental retardation, dislocated ocular lenses, blindness, and excretion in the urine of abnormally large amounts of SSC, sulfite, and thiosulfate but no inorganic sulfate (PMID: 17764028, 15558695). Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID C127; [MS2] KO008902 KEIO_ID C127

6-Methyladenine

C6H7N5 (149.0701)

6-Methyladenine is a methylated adenine residue. The formation of internal 6-methyladenine (m6A) residues in eucaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) is a postsynthetic modification in which S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) serves as the methyl donor. 6-Methyladenine residues have also been localized to heterogeneous nuclear RNA (HnRNA), and for the most part these residues are conserved during mRNA processing. Although the biological significance of internal adenine methylation in eucaryotic mRNA remains unclear, a great deal of research has indicated that this modification may be required for mRNA transport to the cytoplasm, the selection of splice sites or other RNA processing reactions. The presence of m6A residues increases the in vitro translation efficiency of dihydrofolate reductase; an inhibition of m6A residues in dihydrofolate reductase transcripts significantly alters their rate of translation. m6A is found in many human fluids: oviductal fluid, blood plasma and urine. (PMID: 1551452, 8925412, 10481270, 16083005, 16684535, 3506820, 3728186) [HMDB] 6-Methyladenine is a methylated adenine residue. The formation of internal 6-methyladenine (m6A) residues in eucaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA) is a postsynthetic modification in which S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) serves as the methyl donor. 6-Methyladenine residues have also been localized to heterogeneous nuclear RNA (HnRNA), and for the most part these residues are conserved during mRNA processing. Although the biological significance of internal adenine methylation in eucaryotic mRNA remains unclear, a great deal of research has indicated that this modification may be required for mRNA transport to the cytoplasm, the selection of splice sites or other RNA processing reactions. The presence of m6A residues increases the in vitro translation efficiency of dihydrofolate reductase; an inhibition of m6A residues in dihydrofolate reductase transcripts significantly alters their rate of translation. m6A is found in many human fluids: oviductal fluid, blood plasma and urine (PMID:1551452, 8925412, 10481270, 16083005, 16684535, 3506820, 3728186). D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators KEIO_ID M072

Carisoprodol

C12H24N2O4 (260.1736)

A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202) M - Musculo-skeletal system > M03 - Muscle relaxants > M03B - Muscle relaxants, centrally acting agents > M03BA - Carbamic acid esters D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents C78281 - Agent Affecting Musculoskeletal System > C29696 - Muscle Relaxant D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents

Etomidate

C14H16N2O2 (244.1212)

Etomidate is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an midazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic. [PubChem]Etomidate binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl^- ionopore at the GABA_A receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl^- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01A - Anesthetics, general C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent

Glutethimide

C13H15NO2 (217.1103)

Glutethimide is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs. [PubChem]Glutethimide seems to be a GABA agonist which helps induced sedation. It also induces CYP 2D6. When taken with codeine, it enables the body to convert higher amounts of the codeine (higher than the average 5 - 10\\%) to morphine. The general sedative effect also adds to the power of the combination. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives > N05CE - Piperidinedione derivatives C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic

Penthiopyrad

C16H20F3N3OS (359.1279)

Bepridil

C24H34N2O (366.2671)

Bepridil is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a long-acting calcium-blocking agent with significant anti-anginal activity. The drug produces significant coronary vasodilation and modest peripheral effects. It has antihypertensive and selective anti-arrhythmia activities and acts as a calmodulin antagonist. [PubChem]Bepridil has inhibitory effects on both the slow calcium (L-type) and fast sodium inward currents in myocardial and vascular smooth muscle, interferes with calcium binding to calmodulin, and blocks both voltage and receptor operated calcium channels. Bepridil inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle. This has been demonstrated in isolated myocardial and vascular smooth muscle preparations in which both the slope of the calcium dose response curve and the maximum calcium-induced inotropic response were significantly reduced by bepridil. In cardiac myocytes in vitro, bepridil was shown to be tightly bound to actin. Bepridil regularly reduces heart rate and arterial pressure at rest and at a given level of exercise by dilating peripheral arterioles and reducing total peripheral resistance (afterload) against which the heart works. C - Cardiovascular system > C08 - Calcium channel blockers > C08E - Non-selective calcium channel blockers > C08EA - Phenylalkylamine derivatives C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent > C333 - Calcium Channel Blocker D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators C93038 - Cation Channel Blocker

Xanthosine

C10H12N4O6 (284.0757)

Xanthosine, also known as xanthine riboside, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine nucleosides. Purine nucleosides are compounds comprising a purine base attached to a ribosyl or deoxyribosyl moiety. Xanthosine is a nucleoside derived from xanthine and ribose. Xanthosine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. In plants xanthosine is the biosynthetic precursor to 7-methylxanthosine which is produced by the action of the enzyme known as 7-methylxanthosine synthase. 7-Methylxanthosine in turn is the precursor to theobromine (the active alkaloid in chocolate), which in turn is the precursor to caffeine, the active alkaloid in coffee and tea. Within humans, xanthosine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, xanthosine can be biosynthesized from xanthylic acid; which is catalyzed by the enzyme cytosolic purine 5-nucleotidase. In addition, xanthosine can be converted into xanthine and ribose 1-phosphate; which is mediated by the enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase. Xanthosine monophosphate (XMP) is an intermediate in purine metabolism, formed from IMP (inosine monophosphate). Biological Source: Production by guanine-free mutants of bacteria e.g. Bacillus subtilis, Aerobacter aerogenesand is also reported from seeds of Trifolium alexandrinum Physical Description: Prismatic cryst. (H2O) (Chemnetbase) The deamination product of guanosine; Xanthosine monophosphate is an intermediate in purine metabolism, formed from IMP, and forming GMP.; Xanthylic acid can be used in quantitative measurements of the Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activities in purine metabolism, as recommended to ensure optimal thiopurine therapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). (PMID: 16725387). Xanthosine is found in many foods, some of which are calabash, rambutan, apricot, and pecan nut. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 126 COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Xanthosine is a nucleoside derived from xanthine and ribose. Xanthosine can increase mammary stem cell population and milk production in cattle and goats[1]. Xanthosine is a nucleoside derived from xanthine and ribose. Xanthosine can increase mammary stem cell population and milk production in cattle and goats[1]. Xanthosine is a nucleoside derived from xanthine and ribose. Xanthosine can increase mammary stem cell population and milk production in cattle and goats[1].

D-myo-Inositol 1,4-bisphosphate

C6H14O12P2 (339.9961)

D-myo-Inositol 1,4-bisphosphate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as inositol phosphates. Inositol phosphates are compounds containing a phosphate group attached to an inositol (or cyclohexanehexol) moiety. D-myo-Inositol 1,4-bisphosphate is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). D-myo-Inositol 1,4-bisphosphate is a substrate for several proteins including inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase A, skeletal muscle and kidney enriched inositol phosphatase, and type I inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase. 1D-Myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate is a substrate for Inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatase, Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase A, Skeletal muscle and kidney enriched inositol phosphatase and Type I inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase. [HMDB]

Deoxyribose 5-phosphate

C5H11O7P (214.0242)

Deoxyribose 5-phosphate is a a metabolite in the pentose phosphate pathway. It can be generated from D-glyceraldehdye-3 phosphate via the enzyme 2-Deoxyribose 5-phosphate aldolase (DERA). Alternately Deoxyribose 5-phosphate can be converted to D-glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate that can then feed into the pentose phosphate pathway. Deoxyribose 5-phosphate can also be generated from 2-Deoxy-D-ribose via the enzyme Ribokinase (EC 2.7.1.15). It has been shown in a number of organisms that deoxynucleosides or deoxyriboses cause the induction of aldolases (such as DERA) involved in their catabolism, leading to the utilisation of the pentose moiety as carbon and energy source. [HMDB] Deoxyribose 5-phosphate is a a metabolite in the pentose phosphate pathway. It can be generated from D-glyceraldehdye-3 phosphate via the enzyme 2-Deoxyribose 5-phosphate aldolase (DERA). Alternately Deoxyribose 5-phosphate can be converted to D-glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate that can then feed into the pentose phosphate pathway. Deoxyribose 5-phosphate can also be generated from 2-Deoxy-D-ribose via the enzyme Ribokinase (EC 2.7.1.15). It has been shown in a number of organisms that deoxynucleosides or deoxyriboses cause the induction of aldolases (such as DERA) involved in their catabolism, leading to the utilisation of the pentose moiety as carbon and energy source. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID D026

Dephospho-CoA

C21H35N7O13P2S (687.1489)

Dephospho-CoA, also known as 3-dephospho-CoA, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine ribonucleoside diphosphates. These are purine ribonucleosides with a diphosphate group linked to the ribose moiety. Thus, dephospho-CoA is considered to be a fatty ester lipid molecule. Dephospho-CoA is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Outside of the human body, dephospho-CoA has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as wild leeks, summer savouries, arctic blackberries, biscuits, and persimmons. This could make dephospho-CoA a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Dephospho-CoA is an intermediate in pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. It is a substrate for bifunctional coenzyme A synthase which contains the dephospho-CoA kinase (EC 2.7.1.24). This enzyme catalyzes the final step in CoA biosynthesis: the phosphorylation of the 3-hydroxyl group of ribose using ATP as a phosphate donor. The reaction is ATP + 3-dephospho-CoA = ADP + CoA. Dephospho-CoA is a substrate for Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1, Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 3 and Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2. [HMDB]. Dephospho-CoA is found in many foods, some of which are cardamom, epazote, lemon balm, and mammee apple. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.

Dihydrodiethylstilbestrol

C18H22O2 (270.162)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D004967 - Estrogens D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

Bendroflumethiazide

C15H14F3N3O4S2 (421.0378)

Bendroflumethiazide is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810)As a diuretic, bendroflumethiazide inhibits active chloride reabsorption at the early distal tubule via the Na-Cl cotransporter, resulting in an increase in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and water. Thiazides like bendroflumethiazide also inhibit sodium ion transport across the renal tubular epithelium through binding to the thiazide sensitive sodium-chloride transporter. This results in an increase in potassium excretion via the sodium-potassium exchange mechanism. The antihypertensive mechanism of bendroflumethiazide is less well understood although it may be mediated through its action on carbonic anhydrases in the smooth muscle or through its action on the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channel, also found in the smooth muscle. C - Cardiovascular system > C03 - Diuretics > C03A - Low-ceiling diuretics, thiazides > C03AA - Thiazides, plain D045283 - Natriuretic Agents > D004232 - Diuretics > D049993 - Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors C78275 - Agent Affecting Blood or Body Fluid > C448 - Diuretic > C49185 - Thiazide Diuretic D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D045283 - Natriuretic Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators

Cytisine

C11H14N2O (190.1106)

N - Nervous system > N07 - Other nervous system drugs > N07B - Drugs used in addictive disorders > N07BA - Drugs used in nicotine dependence C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C47796 - Cholinergic Agonist > C73579 - Nicotinic Agonist relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.054 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.052 Cytisinicline (Cytisine) is an alkaloid. Cytisinicline (Cytisine) is a partial agonist of α4β2 nAChRs[1], and partial to full agonist at β4 containing receptors and α7 receptors[2]. Has been used medically to help with smoking cessation[3]. Cytisinicline (Cytisine) is an alkaloid. Cytisinicline (Cytisine) is a partial agonist of α4β2 nAChRs[1], and partial to full agonist at β4 containing receptors and α7 receptors[2]. Has been used medically to help with smoking cessation[3]. Cytisinicline (Cytisine) is an alkaloid. Cytisinicline (Cytisine) is a partial agonist of α4β2 nAChRs[1], and partial to full agonist at β4 containing receptors and α7 receptors[2]. Has been used medically to help with smoking cessation[3].

Hydroxyzine

C21H27ClN2O2 (374.1761)

A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite cetirizine, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative. [PubChem] CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1306; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8146; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8142 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1306; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8167; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8166 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1306; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8152; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8147 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1306; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8169; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8167 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1306; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8128; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8124 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1306; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8120; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8118 N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05B - Anxiolytics > N05BB - Diphenylmethane derivatives D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D006633 - Histamine Antagonists C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C29578 - Histamine-1 Receptor Antagonist D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics Hydroxyzine, a benzodiazepine antihistamine agent, acts as an orally active histamine?H1-receptor and serotonin antagonist. Hydroxyzine has anxiolytic effect and can be used for the research of generalised anxiety disorder[1].

Sparteine

C15H26N2 (234.2096)

Sparteine is a quinolizidine alkaloid and a quinolizidine alkaloid fundamental parent. Sparteine is a plant alkaloid derived from Cytisus scoparius and Lupinus mutabilis which may chelate calcium and magnesium. It is a sodium channel blocker, so it falls in the category of class 1a antiarrhythmic agents. Sparteine is not currently FDA-approved for human use, and its salt, sparteine sulfate, is one of the products that have been withdrawn or removed from the market for reasons of safety or effectiveness. Sparteine is a natural product found in Ormosia coarctata, Thermopsis chinensis, and other organisms with data available. A quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from several FABACEAE including LUPINUS; SPARTIUM; and CYTISUS. It has been used as an oxytocic and an anti-arrhythmia agent. It has also been of interest as an indicator of CYP2D6 genotype. See also: Cytisus scoparius flowering top (part of). C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy > C01B - Antiarrhythmics, class i and iii > C01BA - Antiarrhythmics, class ia C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C47793 - Antiarrhythmic Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D012102 - Reproductive Control Agents > D010120 - Oxytocics Annotation level-1 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 53 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 39 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 32 INTERNAL_ID 24; CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 24 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 17 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 9 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.395 beta-Isosparteine is a natural product found in Ulex airensis, Ulex densus, and other organisms with data available. A quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from several FABACEAE including LUPINUS; SPARTIUM; and CYTISUS. It has been used as an oxytocic and an anti-arrhythmia agent. It has also been of interest as an indicator of CYP2D6 genotype. (+)-Sparteine is a natural product found in Baptisia australis, Dermatophyllum secundiflorum, and other organisms with data available. A quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from several FABACEAE including LUPINUS; SPARTIUM; and CYTISUS. It has been used as an oxytocic and an anti-arrhythmia agent. It has also been of interest as an indicator of CYP2D6 genotype. (-)-Sparteine is a natural alkaloid isolated from beans. (-)-Sparteine is a natural alkaloid isolated from beans. (+)-Sparteine is a natural alkaloid acting as a ganglionic blocking agent. (+)-Sparteine competitively blocks nicotinic ACh receptor in the neurons. (+)-Sparteine is a natural alkaloid acting as a ganglionic blocking agent. (+)-Sparteine competitively blocks nicotinic ACh receptor in the neurons. (+)-Sparteine is a natural alkaloid acting as a ganglionic blocking agent. (+)-Sparteine competitively blocks nicotinic ACh receptor in the neurons.

Methazolamide

C5H8N4O3S2 (236.0038)

Methazolamide is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma. [PubChem]Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary processes of the eye decreases aqueous humor secretion, presumably by slowing the formation of bicarbonate ions with subsequent reduction in sodium and fluid transport. S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01E - Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics > S01EC - Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D002257 - Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C29577 - Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D045283 - Natriuretic Agents C78275 - Agent Affecting Blood or Body Fluid > C448 - Diuretic D045283 - Natriuretic Agents > D004232 - Diuretics

Pyridaben

C19H25ClN2OS (364.1376)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 331; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX499; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10598; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10596 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 331; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX499; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10636; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10634 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 331; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX499; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10546; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10544 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 331; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX499; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10660; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10659 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 331; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10708; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10707 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 331; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX499; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 10670; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 10667 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2632

Prochlorperazine

C20H24ClN3S (373.1379)

Prochlorperazine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of nausea; vomiting; and vertigo. It is more likely than chlorpromazine to cause extrapyramidal disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612)The mechanism of action of prochlorperazine has not been fully determined, but may be primarily related to its antidopaminergic effects. Prochlorperazine blocks the D2 somatodendritic autoreceptor, resulting in the blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the mesolimbic system and an increased dopamine turnover. Prochlorperazine also has anti-emetic effects, which can be attributed to dopamine blockade in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. Prochlorperazine also blocks anticholinergic and alpha-adrenergic receptors, the blockade of alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors resulting in sedation, muscle relaxation, and hypotension. N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05A - Antipsychotics > N05AB - Phenothiazines with piperazine structure D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018492 - Dopamine Antagonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C267 - Antiemetic Agent > C740 - Phenothiazine D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D000932 - Antiemetics

Prilocaine

C13H20N2O (220.1576)

Prilocaine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to lidocaine. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p165)Prilocaine acts on sodium channels on the neuronal cell membrane, limiting the spread of seizure activity and reducing seizure propagation. The antiarrhythmic actions are mediated through effects on sodium channels in Purkinje fibers. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01B - Anesthetics, local > N01BB - Amides D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3141

Perphenazine

C21H26ClN3OS (403.1485)

Perphenazine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of chlorpromazine. [PubChem]Binds to the dopamine D1 and dopamine D2 receptors and inhibits their activity. The mechanism of the anti-emetic effect is due predominantly to blockage of the dopamine D2 neurotransmitter receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and vomiting centre. Perphenazine also binds the alpha andrenergic receptor. This receptors action is mediated by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05A - Antipsychotics > N05AB - Phenothiazines with piperazine structure D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018492 - Dopamine Antagonists D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29710 - Antipsychotic Agent Perphenazine is an orally active dopamine receptor and histamine-1 receptor antagonist, with Ki values of 0.56 nM (D2), 0.43 nM (D3), 6 nM (5-HT2A), respectively. Perphenazine also binds to Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor. Perphenazine inhibits cancer cell proliferation, and induces apoptosis. Perphenazine can be used in the research of mental disease, cancer, inflammation[1][3][5].

Penconazole

C13H15Cl2N3 (283.0643)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 411; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9666; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9664 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 411; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9722; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9721 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 411; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9751; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9750 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 411; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9670; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9668 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 411; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9676; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9675 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 411; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9793; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9792 CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3107 D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides

Orphenadrine

C18H23NO (269.178)

Orphenadrine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm. [PubChem]Orphenadrine binds and inhibits both histamine H1 receptors and NMDA receptors. It restores the motor disturbances induced by neuroleptics, in particular the hyperkinesia. The dopamine deficiency in the striatum increases the stimulating effects of the cholinergic system. This stimulation is counteracted by the anticholinergic effect of orphenadrine. It may have a relaxing effect on skeletal muscle spasms and it has a mood elevating effect. D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065607 - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors > D065686 - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inhibitors D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018726 - Anti-Dyskinesia Agents > D000978 - Antiparkinson Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66880 - Anticholinergic Agent > C29704 - Antimuscarinic Agent D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D010276 - Parasympatholytics D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents C78281 - Agent Affecting Musculoskeletal System > C29696 - Muscle Relaxant CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3276

Oleic acid

C18H34O2 (282.2559)

Oleic acid (or 9Z)-Octadecenoic acid) is an unsaturated C-18 or an omega-9 fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils. It is an odorless, colorless oil, although commercial samples may be yellowish. The name derives from the Latin word oleum, which means oil. Oleic acid is the most abundant fatty acid in human adipose tissue, and the second most abundant in human tissues overall, following palmitic acid. Oleic acid is a component of the normal human diet, being a part of animal fats and vegetable oils. Triglycerides of oleic acid represent the majority of olive oil (about 70\\\\%). Oleic acid triglycerides also make up 59–75\\\\% of pecan oil, 61\\\\% of canola oil, 36–67\\\\% of peanut oil, 60\\\\% of macadamia oil, 20–80\\\\% of sunflower oil, 15–20\\\\% of grape seed oil, sea buckthorn oil, 40\\\\% of sesame oil, and 14\\\\% of poppyseed oil. High oleic variants of plant sources such as sunflower (~80\\\\%) and canola oil (70\\\\%) also have been developed. consumption has been associated with decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and possibly with increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, however, the ability of oleic acid to raise HDL is still debated. Oleic acid may be responsible for the hypotensive (blood pressure reducing) effects of olive oil that is considered a health benefit. Oleic acid is used in manufacturing of surfactants, soaps, plasticizers. It is also used as an emulsifying agent in foods and pharmaceuticals. Oleic acid is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. Major constituent of plant oils e.g. olive oil (ca. 80\\\\%), almond oil (ca. 80\\\\%) and many others, mainly as glyceride. Constituent of tall oiland is also present in apple, melon, raspberry oil, tomato, banana, roasted peanuts, black tea, rice bran, cardamon, plum brandy, peated malt, dairy products and various animal fats. Component of citrus fruit coatings. Emulsifying agent in foods CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 290 COVID info from WikiPathways Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Oleic acid (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid) is an abundant monounsaturated fatty acid[1]. Oleic acid is a Na+/K+ ATPase activator[2]. Oleic acid (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid) is an abundant monounsaturated fatty acid[1]. Oleic acid is a Na+/K+ ATPase activator[2].

β-Butoxyethyl phthalate

C20H30O6 (366.2042)

4,4'-Methylenedianiline

C13H14N2 (198.1157)

4,4’-Methylenedianiline (MDA) is an industrial chemical that is produced and used industrially as a precursor to polyamides, epoxy resins, and polyurethane foams (PMID: 20621954). It is a primary aromatic amine, belonging to the family of compounds known as Diphenylmethanes. Diphenylmethanes are compounds consisting of methane with two of the hydrogen atoms replaced by phenyl groups. MDA is used mainly as a precursor to 4,4 ́-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), which is a precursor to many polyurethane foams. To generate MDI, which is a highly reactive isocyanate, MDA is treated with phosgene. Workers exposed to MDI may develop sensitization, leading to occupational asthma. MDI is metabolized in the body and secreted in the urine as MDA, Therefore MDA is a urinary biomarker of MDI exposure. On its own, MDA is a known animal carcinogen, and human hepatotoxin. MDA produces genotoxic effects by forming DNA adducts in the liver and inducing DNA damage to hepatocytes (PMID: 32038824). The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set a permissible exposure limit at 0.01 ppm over an eight-hour time-weighted average, and a short-term exposure limit at 0.10 ppm. D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens

Ethylmorphine

C19H23NO3 (313.1678)

A narcotic analgesic and antitussive. It is metabolized in the liver by ethylmorphine-N-demethylase and used as an indicator of liver function. It is not marketed in the US but is approved for use in various countries around the world. In the US it is a schedule II drug (single-entity) and schedule III drug (in combination products). R - Respiratory system > R05 - Cough and cold preparations > R05D - Cough suppressants, excl. combinations with expectorants > R05DA - Opium alkaloids and derivatives D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics > D053610 - Opiate Alkaloids D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C67413 - Opioid Receptor Agonist D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D000996 - Antitussive Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals

Carboxin

C12H13NO2S (235.0667)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 456; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8170; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8169 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 456; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8163; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8162 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 456; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8129; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8127 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 456; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8224; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8222 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 456; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8211; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8210 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 456; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8221; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8218 D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides Carboxin (Carboxine) is a systemic agricultural fungicide and seed protectant.

Promethazine

C17H20N2S (284.1347)

Promethazine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals. [PubChem]Like other H1-antagonists, promethazine competes with free histamine for binding at H1-receptor sites in the GI tract, uterus, large blood vessels, and bronchial muscle. The relief of nausea appears to be related to central anticholinergic actions and may implicate activity on the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone. D - Dermatologicals > D04 - Antipruritics, incl. antihistamines, anesthetics, etc. > D04A - Antipruritics, incl. antihistamines, anesthetics, etc. > D04AA - Antihistamines for topical use R - Respiratory system > R06 - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06A - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06AD - Phenothiazine derivatives D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D006633 - Histamine Antagonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C267 - Antiemetic Agent > C740 - Phenothiazine D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2505 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8490 D018926 - Anti-Allergic Agents

(-)-Maackiain

C16H12O5 (284.0685)

(-)-maackiain is the (-)-enantiomer of maackiain. It is an enantiomer of a (+)-maackiain. Maackiain is a natural product found in Tephrosia virginiana, Leptolobium bijugum, and other organisms with data available. (-)-Maackiain. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=2035-15-6 (retrieved 2024-07-09) (CAS RN: 2035-15-6). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1].

Hexobarbital

C12H16N2O3 (236.1161)

Hexobarbital is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative. [PubChem]Hexobarbital binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABA-A receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives > N05CA - Barbiturates, plain N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01A - Anesthetics, general > N01AF - Barbiturates, plain C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic > C67084 - Barbiturate D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018682 - GABA Agents > D018757 - GABA Modulators

C-Quens

C23H29ClO4 (404.1754)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Valnemulin

C31H52N2O5S (564.3597)

Safrole

C10H10O2 (162.0681)

Safrole, also known as shikimol, is a colorless or slightly yellow oily liquid. It is typically extracted from the root-bark or the fruit of sassafras plants in the form of sassafras oil, or synthesized from other related methylenedioxy compounds. It is the principal component of brown camphor oil, and is found in small amounts in a wide variety of plants, where it functions as a natural pesticide. Safrole is found in anise and nutmeg. Banned by FDA for use in food. Safrole is formerly used as a food flavour It is a precursor in the synthesis of the insecticide synergist piperonyl butoxide and the recreational drug MDMA ("Ecstacy"). Safrole is a natural plant constituent, found in oil of sassafras and certain other essential oils. It is a member of the methylenedioxybenzene group of compounds, many of which (e.g. piperonyl butoxide) are extensively used as insecticide synergists. Safrole is a major source of human exposure to safrole is through consumption of spices, such as nutmeg, cinnamon and black pepper, in which safrole is a constituent. Safrole is also present in root beer, and has been used as an additive in chewing gum, toothpaste, soaps and certain pharmaceutical preparations. Safrole is a weak hepatocarcinogen and it is a matter of considerable interest whether the ally1 moiety or the methylenedioxy group, or both, are involved in the mechanism of its carcinogenesis. Safrole is extensively metabolized, giving rise to a large number of metabolites. Metabolism involves essentially two major routes, oxidation of the ally1 side chain, and oxidation of the methylenedioxy group with subsequent cleavage to form the catechol. Safrole undergoes oxidation of the allylic group to yield the 2, 3-epoxide (safrole epoxide). The dihydrodiol is one of the metabolites of safrole, and presumably arises from the hydration of the 2, 3-epoxide. The principal route of metabolism of safrole is through cleavage of the methylenedioxy group, the major metabolites being allylcatechol and its isomer, propenylcatechol. Eugenol and its isomer I-methoxy- 2-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene have been detected as minor metabolites in rat, mouse and human (PMID:6719936). The Ocotea cymbarum oil made of the Ocotea pretiosa, a plant growing in Brazil, and sassafras oil made of Sassafras albidum, a tree growing in eastern North America, are the main natural sources for safrole. It has a characteristic "candy-shop" aroma Occurs in nutmeg. Banned by FDA for use in food. Formerly used as a food flavour

Artemisinin

C15H22O5 (282.1467)

D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents (+)-artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria. It has a role as an antimalarial and a plant metabolite. It is a sesquiterpene lactone and an organic peroxide. Artemisinin has been used in trials studying the treatment of Schizophrenia, Malaria, Falciparum, and Plasmodium Falciparum. Artemisinin is a natural product found in Microliabum polymnioides, Artemisia tenuisecta, and other organisms with data available. A sesquiterpene lactone obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua, which is used as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria. P - Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents > P01 - Antiprotozoals > P01B - Antimalarials > P01BE - Artemisinin and derivatives, plain C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C276 - Antiparasitic Agent > C277 - Antiprotozoal Agent COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Sesquiterpenoids CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 9 INTERNAL_ID 9; CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.152 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.156 [Raw Data] CB176_Artemisinin_pos_30eV_isCID-10eV_rep000004.txt [Raw Data] CB176_Artemisinin_pos_20eV_isCID-10eV_rep000004.txt [Raw Data] CB176_Artemisinin_pos_10eV_isCID-10eV_rep000004.txt [Raw Data] CB176_Artemisinin_pos_40eV_isCID-10eV_rep000004.txt [Raw Data] CB176_Artemisinin_pos_50eV_isCID-10eV_rep000004.txt Artemisinin (Qinghaosu), a sesquiterpene lactone, is an anti-malarial agent isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia annua L. plants[1]. Artemisinin inhibits AKT signaling pathway by decreasing pAKT in a dose-dependent manner. Artemisinin reduces cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis and metastasis and has neuroprotective effects[2]. Artemisinin (Qinghaosu), a sesquiterpene lactone, is an anti-malarial agent isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia annua L. plants[1]. Artemisinin inhibits AKT signaling pathway by decreasing pAKT in a dose-dependent manner. Artemisinin reduces cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis and metastasis and has neuroprotective effects[2]. Artemisinin (Qinghaosu), a sesquiterpene lactone, is an anti-malarial agent isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia annua L. plants[1]. Artemisinin inhibits AKT signaling pathway by decreasing pAKT in a dose-dependent manner. Artemisinin reduces cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumorigenesis and metastasis and has neuroprotective effects[2].

Natamycin

C33H47NO13 (665.3047)

Natamycin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an amphoteric macrolide antifungal antibiotic from Streptomyces natalensis or S. chattanoogensis. It is used for a variety of fungal infections, mainly topically. [PubChem]Like other polyene antibiotics, Natamycin inhibits fungal growth by binding to sterols. Specifically, Natamycin binds to ergosterol in the plasma membrane, preventing ergosterol-dependent fusion of vacuoles, as well as membrane fusion and fission. This differs from the mechanism of most other polyene antibiotics, which tend to work by altering fungal membrane permeability instead. Primarily used as a surface treatment to prevent growth of yeasts and moulds, especies on cheese. Permitted agent in USA for surface treatment of cheeses as mould-inhibitor. No reported allergic reactions and it has GRAS status G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G01 - Gynecological antiinfectives and antiseptics > G01A - Antiinfectives and antiseptics, excl. combinations with corticosteroids > G01AA - Antibiotics A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A01 - Stomatological preparations > A01A - Stomatological preparations > A01AB - Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A07 - Antidiarrheals, intestinal antiinflammatory/antiinfective agents > A07A - Intestinal antiinfectives > A07AA - Antibiotics D - Dermatologicals > D01 - Antifungals for dermatological use > D01A - Antifungals for topical use > D01AA - Antibiotics S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01A - Antiinfectives > S01AA - Antibiotics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents Natamycin (Pimaricin) is a macrolide antibiotic agent produced by several Streptomyces strains. Natamycin inhibits the growth of fungi via inhibition of amino acid and glucose transport across the plasma membrane. Natamycin is a food preservative, an antifungal agent in agriculture, and is widely used for fungal keratitis research[1][2].

Phentermine

C10H15N (149.1204)

Phentermine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of dextroamphetamine. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity. [PubChem]Phentermine is an amphetamine that stimulates neurons to release or maintain high levels of a particular group of neurotransmitters known as catecholamines; these include dopamine and norepinephrine. High levels of these catecholamines tend to suppress hunger signals and appetite. The drug seems to inhibit reuptake of noradrenaline, dopamine, and seratonin through inhibition or reversal of the reuptake transporters. It may also inhibit MAO enzymes leaving more neurotransmitter available at the synapse.Phentermine (through catecholamine elevation) may also indirectly affect leptin levels in the brain. It is theorized that phentermine can raise levels of leptin which signal satiety. It is also theorized that increased levels of the catecholamines are partially responsible for halting another chemical messenger known as neuropeptide Y. This peptide initiates eating, decreases energy expenditure, and increases fat storage. A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A08 - Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products > A08A - Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products > A08AA - Centrally acting antiobesity products CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 7; HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu) CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu) D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D013566 - Sympathomimetics D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000697 - Central Nervous System Stimulants D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents D019440 - Anti-Obesity Agents > D001067 - Appetite Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29728 - Anorexiant

(+)-Sesamin

C20H18O6 (354.1103)

(+)-Sesamin, also known as fagarol or sezamin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as furanoid lignans. These are lignans with a structure that contains either a tetrahydrofuran ring, a furan ring, or a furofuan ring system, that arises from the joining of the two phenylpropanoid units. (+)-Sesamin is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). (+)-Sesamin is found, on average, in the highest concentration within sesames. (+)-Sesamin has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as fats and oils, flaxseeds, ginkgo nuts, and ucuhuba. This could make (+)-sesamin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. (+)-sesamin is a lignan that consists of tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by 1,3-benzodioxole groups at positions 1 and 4 (the 1S,3aR,4S,6aR stereoisomer). Isolated from Cinnamomum camphora, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, a neuroprotective agent and a plant metabolite. It is a lignan, a member of benzodioxoles and a furofuran. Sesamin is a natural product found in Pandanus boninensis, Podolepis rugata, and other organisms with data available. See also: Sesame Oil (part of). A lignan that consists of tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by 1,3-benzodioxole groups at positions 1 and 4 (the 1S,3aR,4S,6aR stereoisomer). Isolated from Cinnamomum camphora, it exhibits cytotoxic activity. Constituent of sesame oil. (+)-Sesamin is found in many foods, some of which are ginkgo nuts, sesame, flaxseed, and fats and oils. D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. Sesamin, abundant lignan found in sesame oil, is a potent and selective delta 5 desaturase inhibitor in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Sesamin exerts effective neuroprotection against cerbral ischemia[1][2]. Sesamin, abundant lignan found in sesame oil, is a potent and selective delta 5 desaturase inhibitor in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Sesamin exerts effective neuroprotection against cerbral ischemia[1][2].

Zaleplon

C17H15N5O (305.1277)

Zaleplon is a sedative/hypnotic, mainly used for insomnia. It is known as a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic. Zaleplon interacts with the GABA receptor complex and shares some of the pharmacological properties of the benzodiazepines. Zaleplon is a schedule IV drug in the United States. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives > N05CF - Benzodiazepine related drugs D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018682 - GABA Agents > D018757 - GABA Modulators C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000927 - Anticonvulsants

Tiamulin

C28H47NO4S (493.3226)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic Same as: D06127 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1055

Octadecanamide

C18H37NO (283.2875)

Octadecanamide is a fatty amide of stearic acid. It has a role as a metabolite. It is functionally related to an octadecanoic acid. Stearamide. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=124-26-5 (retrieved 2024-07-12) (CAS RN: 124-26-5). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Stearamide is a primary fatty acid amide. Stearamide displays cytotoxic and ichthytoxic activity[1].

Oxaprozin

C18H15NO3 (293.1052)

Oxaprozin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a non-narcotic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), used to relieve the inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.Anti-inflammatory effects of Oxaprozin are believed to be due to inhibition of cylooxygenase in platelets which leads to the blockage of prostaglandin synthesis. Antipyretic effects may be due to action on the hypothalamus, resulting in an increased peripheral blood flow, vasodilation, and subsequent heat dissipation. Oxaprozin is a non-selective NSAID, with a cell assay system showing lower COX-2 selectivity implying higher COX-1 selectivity. M - Musculo-skeletal system > M01 - Antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products > M01A - Antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products, non-steroids > M01AE - Propionic acid derivatives D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents > D000894 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal > D016861 - Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C241 - Analgesic Agent > C2198 - Nonnarcotic Analgesic D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1323 - Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Oxaprozin is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor, with IC50 values of 2.2 μM for human platelet COX-1 and and 36 μM for IL-1-stimulated human synovial cell COX-2, respectively. Oxaprozin also inhibits the activation of NF-κB. Oxaprozin induces cell apoptosis. Oxaprozin shows anti-inflammatory activity. Oxaprozin-mediated inhibition of the Akt/IKK/NF-κB pathway contributes to its anti-inflammatory properties[1][2].

(+)-Syringaresinol

C22H26O8 (418.1628)

(+)-syringaresinol is a member of the class of compounds known as furanoid lignans. Furanoid lignans are lignans with a structure that contains either a tetrahydrofuran ring, a furan ring, or a furofuan ring system, that arises from the joining of the two phenylpropanoid units (+)-syringaresinol is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). (+)-syringaresinol can be found in a number of food items such as radish (variety), grape wine, oat, and ginkgo nuts, which makes (+)-syringaresinol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.

2,6-Dimethylaniline

C8H11N (121.0891)

2,6-Dimethylaniline is a metabolite of lidocaine. Lidocaine, Xylocaine, or lignocaine is a common local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic drug. Lidocaine is used topically to relieve itching, burning and pain from skin inflammations, injected as a dental anesthetic or as a local anesthetic for minor surgery. (Wikipedia) CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 73 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 4146 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8824 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8098 KEIO_ID D178

S-Carboxymethyl-L-cysteine

C5H9NO4S (179.0252)

S-carboxymethylcysteine (carbocisteine) is the most frequently prescribed mucoactive agent for long-term COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) use in a number of countries. In addition to its mucoregulatory activity, carbocisteine exhibits free-radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties. S-Carboxymethyl-L-cysteine can be found in root vegetables and has been isolated from radish seedlings. S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine can be detectable in urine especially after the processing of chlorinated compounds by gut microlfora. R - Respiratory system > R05 - Cough and cold preparations > R05C - Expectorants, excl. combinations with cough suppressants > R05CB - Mucolytics Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. C78273 - Agent Affecting Respiratory System > C74536 - Mucolytic Agent D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D005100 - Expectorants D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents KEIO_ID A059

7-Hydroxyflavone

C15H10O3 (238.063)

[Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_pos_10eV_CB000023.txt [Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_pos_30eV_CB000023.txt [Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_pos_50eV_CB000023.txt [Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_pos_20eV_CB000023.txt [Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_pos_40eV_CB000023.txt [Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_neg_20eV_000015.txt [Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_neg_10eV_000015.txt [Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_neg_40eV_000015.txt [Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_neg_30eV_000015.txt [Raw Data] CB049_7-Hydroxyflavone_neg_50eV_000015.txt 7-Hydroxyflavone is a flavonoid isolated from Clerodendrum phlomidis, with anti-inflammatory activity. 7-Hydroxyflavone protects renal cells from nicotine (NIC)-associated cytotoxicity via the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway[1][2]. 7-Hydroxyflavone is a flavonoid isolated from Clerodendrum phlomidis, with anti-inflammatory activity. 7-Hydroxyflavone protects renal cells from nicotine (NIC)-associated cytotoxicity via the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway[1][2]. 7-Hydroxyflavone is a flavonoid isolated from Clerodendrum phlomidis, with anti-inflammatory activity. 7-Hydroxyflavone protects renal cells from nicotine (NIC)-associated cytotoxicity via the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway[1][2].

Luvangetin

C15H14O4 (258.0892)

Glutathione

C10H17N3O6S (307.0838)

Glutathione is a compound synthesized from cysteine, perhaps the most important member of the bodys toxic waste disposal team. Like cysteine, glutathione contains the crucial thiol (-SH) group that makes it an effective antioxidant. There are virtually no living organisms on this planet-animal or plant whose cells dont contain some glutathione. Scientists have speculated that glutathione was essential to the very development of life on earth. glutathione has many roles; in none does it act alone. It is a coenzyme in various enzymatic reactions. The most important of these are redox reactions, in which the thiol grouping on the cysteine portion of cell membranes protects against peroxidation; and conjugation reactions, in which glutathione (especially in the liver) binds with toxic chemicals in order to detoxify them. glutathione is also important in red and white blood cell formation and throughout the immune system. glutathiones clinical uses include the prevention of oxygen toxicity in hyperbaric oxygen therapy, treatment of lead and other heavy metal poisoning, lowering of the toxicity of chemotherapy and radiation in cancer treatments, and reversal of cataracts. (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids/) glutathione participates in leukotriene synthesis and is a cofactor for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase. It is also important as a hydrophilic molecule that is added to lipophilic toxins and waste in the liver during biotransformation before they can become part of the bile. glutathione is also needed for the detoxification of methylglyoxal, a toxin produced as a by-product of metabolism. This detoxification reaction is carried out by the glyoxalase system. Glyoxalase I (EC 4.4.1.5) catalyzes the conversion of methylglyoxal and reduced glutathione to S-D-Lactoyl-glutathione. Glyoxalase II (EC 3.1.2.6) catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-D-Lactoyl-glutathione to glutathione and D-lactate. GSH is known as a substrate in both conjugation reactions and reduction reactions, catalyzed by glutathione S-transferase enzymes in cytosol, microsomes, and mitochondria. However, it is also capable of participating in non-enzymatic conjugation with some chemicals, as in the case of n-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), the reactive cytochrome P450-reactive metabolite formed by acetaminophen, that becomes toxic when GSH is depleted by an overdose (of acetaminophen). glutathione in this capacity binds to NAPQI as a suicide substrate and in the process detoxifies it, taking the place of cellular protein thiol groups which would otherwise be covalently modified; when all GSH has been spent, NAPQI begins to react with the cellular proteins, killing the cells in the process. The preferred treatment for an overdose of this painkiller is the administration (usually in atomized form) of N-acetylcysteine, which is used by cells to replace spent GSSG and renew the usable GSH pool. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/glutathione). Glutathione (GSH) - reduced glutathione - is a tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. It is an antioxidant, preventing damage to important cellular components caused by reactive oxygen species such as free radicals and peroxides. [Wikipedia]. Glutathione is found in many foods, some of which are cashew nut, epazote, ucuhuba, and canada blueberry. Glutathione. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=70-18-8 (retrieved 2024-07-15) (CAS RN: 70-18-8). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

Punicic acid

C18H30O2 (278.2246)

alpha-Eleostearic acid is found in bitter gourd. alpha-Eleostearic acid is isolated from seed oil of Momordica charantia (bitter melon Isolated from seed oil of Momordica charantia (bitter melon). alpha-Eleostearic acid is found in bitter gourd and fruits.

Perazine

C20H25N3S (339.1769)

N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05A - Antipsychotics > N05AB - Phenothiazines with piperazine structure D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018492 - Dopamine Antagonists D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66883 - Dopamine Antagonist

Methyltestosterone

C20H30O2 (302.2246)

A synthetic anabolic steroid used for treating men with testosterone deficiency or similar androgen replacement therapies. Also, has antineoplastic properties and so has been used secondarily in women with advanced breast cancer. Methyltestosterone is a schedule III drug in the US. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1072; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9426; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9425 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1072; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9487; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9483 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1072; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9433; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9431 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1072; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9476; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9475 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1072; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX503; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9423; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9422 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1072; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9541; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9538 G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03E - Androgens and female sex hormones in combination > G03EK - Androgens and female sex hormones in combination with other drugs G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03B - Androgens > G03BA - 3-oxoandrosten (4) derivatives D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D045930 - Anabolic Agents C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2816 D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione

C21H32O2 (316.2402)

5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione is a biologically active 5-alpha-reduced metabolite of plasma progesterone. It is the immediate precursor of 5-alpha-pregnan-3-alpha-ol-20-one (allopregnanolone), a neuroactive steroid that binds with GABA(A) receptor. A biologically active 5-alpha-reduced metabolite of plasma progesterone. It is the immediate precursor of 5-alpha-pregnan-3-alpha-ol-20-one (allopregnanolone), a neuroactive steroid that binds with GABA(A) receptor. [HMDB] D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones 5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione is the endogenous progesterone metabolite.

Ethylene thiourea

C3H6N2S (102.0252)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 271 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8704

Hymexazol

C4H5NO2 (99.032)

m-Phenylenediamine

C6H8N2 (108.0687)

KEIO_ID P035

N-VINYL-2-PYRROLIDONE

C6H9NO (111.0684)

COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials D001697 - Biomedical and Dental Materials > D001672 - Biocompatible Materials Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

2(3H)-Benzothiazolethione

C7H5NS2 (166.9863)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 494; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3898; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3894 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 494; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3896; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3892 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 226; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3929; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3926 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 226; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3935; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3932 ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3935; CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 226; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3932 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 494; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3886; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3882 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 226; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3928; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3923 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 494; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3864; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3861 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 494; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3899; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3896 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 226; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3930; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3925 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 226; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4000; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3996 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 494; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3878; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3874 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 226; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3918; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3914 2(3H)-Benzothiazolethione is found in fruits. 2(3H)-Benzothiazolethione is a constituent of cranberries D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3190 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8206 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8785 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an endogenous metabolite. 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an endogenous metabolite.

2-Aminobenzimidazole

C7H7N3 (133.064)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 2161; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 2159 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 2163; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 2161 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4547; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4545 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4569; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4568 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4534; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4533 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 2155; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 2153 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4517; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4515 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4544; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4543 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4549; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4547 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1067; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 2165; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 2163 CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 138 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2003 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 4008 KEIO_ID A042

Cysteic acid

C3H7NO5S (169.0045)

Cysteic acid is a crystalline amino acid formed in the oxidation of cysteine; it is a precursor of taurine. A crystalline amino acid formed in the oxidation of cysteine; it is a precursor of taurine. [HMDB]

Epsilon-caprolactam

C6H11NO (113.0841)

Caprolactam, also known as aminocaproic lactam or hexahydro-2h-azepin-2-one, is a member of the class of compounds known as caprolactams. Caprolactams are cyclic amides of caproic acid. Caproic acid is the carboxylic acid derived from hexane with the general formula C5H11COOH. Caprolactam is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Caprolactam is an amine, bitter, and spicy tasting compound found in sunflower, which makes caprolactam a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Caprolactam (CPL) is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)5C(O)NH. This colourless solid is a lactam (a cyclic amide) of caproic acid. Global demand for this compound is approximately 5 million tons per year, and the vast majority is used to make Nylon 6 filament, fiber, and plastics . Epsilon-caprolactam, also known as Caprolactam or Aminocaproic lactam, is classified as a member of the Caprolactams. Caprolactams are cyclic amides of caproic acid. Caproic acid is the carboxylic acid derived from hexane with the general formula C5H11COOH. Epsilon-caprolactam is considered to be soluble (in water) and relatively neutral. Epsilon-caprolactam is an amine, bitter, and spicy tasting compound found in Sunflowers D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D007769 - Lactams

Chlorpropham

C10H12ClNO2 (213.0557)

D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2623 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8450 D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals

N6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine

C11H15N5O3 (265.1175)

KEIO_ID M110; [MS2] KO009042 KEIO_ID M110 N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine is an adenine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

(2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol

C4H10O2 (90.0681)

(2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol is found in cocoa and cocoa products. (2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol is isolated from cocoa butter and roots of Ruta graveolens (rue).2,3-Butanediol is one of the constitutional isomers of butanediol. The 2R,3R stereoisomer of 2,3-butanediol is produced by a variety of microorganisms, in a process known as butanediol fermentation. It is found in cocoa butter and in the roots of Ruta graveolens. (Wikipedia). (2R,3R)-Butane-2,3-diol is an endogenous metabolite. (2R,3R)-Butane-2,3-diol is an endogenous metabolite. 2,3-Butanediol is a butanediol derived from the bioconversion of natural resources[1]. 2,3-Butanediol is a butanediol derived from the bioconversion of natural resources[1].

Beta-Guanidinopropionic acid

C4H9N3O2 (131.0695)

Beta-Guanidinopropionic acid is analog of creatine and is reported to decrease phosphocreatine and ATP content in animal tissues in vivo. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. A human metabolite taken as a putative food compound of mammalian origin [HMDB] C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C177430 - Agent Targeting Cancer Metabolism KEIO_ID G039

D-Leucic acid

C6H12O3 (132.0786)

D-Leucic acid is an alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid present in patients affected with Short-bowel syndrome (an Inborn errors of metabolism, OMIM 175200) (PMID 9766851), and in Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD, an autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder of branched-chain amino acid) (PMID 9766851). [HMDB] D-Leucic acid is an alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid present in patients affected with Short-bowel syndrome (an Inborn errors of metabolism, OMIM 175200) (PMID 9766851), and in Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD, an autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder of branched-chain amino acid) (PMID 9766851). Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID H091 (R)-Leucic acid is an amino acid metabolite[1].

Glyceraldehyde

C3H6O3 (90.0317)

DL-Glyceraldehyde is a monosaccharide. DL-Glyceraldehyde is the simplest aldose. DL-Glyceraldehyde can be used for various biochemical studies[1].

Methyl acetate

C3H6O2 (74.0368)

Methyl acetate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carboxylic acid esters. These are carboxylic acid derivatives in which the carbon atom from the carbonyl group is attached to an alkyl or an aryl moiety through an oxygen atom (forming an ester group). Methyl acetate is present in apple, grape, banana and other fruits. Methyl acetate is a flavouring ingredient and it is an ester that, in the laboratory, is synthesized from acetic acid and methanol in the presence of strong acids such as sulfuric acid in an esterification reaction. In the presence of strong bases such as sodium hydroxide or strong acids such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid it is hydrolyzed back into methanol and acetic acid, especially at elevated temperature. Methyl acetate, also known as acetic acid methyl ester or methyl ethanoate, is a clear, flammable liquid with a characteristic, not unpleasant smell like certain glues or nail polish removers. Methyl acetate has characteristics very similar to its analog ethyl acetate. Methyl acetate is used as a solvent in glues, paints, and nail polish removers, in chemical reactions, and for extractions. Methyl acetate is a non-polar (lipophilic) to weakly polar (hydrophilic) aprotic solvent. Methyl acetate has a solubility of 25\\% in water at room temperature. At elevated temperature its solubility in water is much higher. Methyl acetate is not stable in the presence of strong aqueous bases or acids. The conversion of methyl acetate back into its components, by an acid, is a first-order reaction with respect to the ester. The reaction of methyl acetate and a base, for example sodium hydroxide, is a second-order reaction with respect to both reactants Methyl acetate is an ester that is synthesized from acetic acid and methanol in the presence of strong acids such as sulfuric acid in an esterification reaction. In the presence of strong bases such as sodium hydroxide or strong acids such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid it is hydrolyzed back into methanol and acetic acid, especially at elevated temperature.; Methyl acetate, also known as acetic acid methyl ester or methyl ethanoate, is a clear, flammable liquid with a characteristic, not unpleasant smell like certain glues or nail polish removers. Methyl acetate has characteristics very similar to its analog ethyl acetate. Methyl acetate is used as a solvent in glues, paints, and nail polish removers, in chemical reactions, and for extractions. Methyl acetate is a non-polar (lipophilic) to weakly polar (hydrophilic) aprotic solvent. Methyl acetate has a solubility of 25\\% in water at room temperature. At elevated temperature its solubility in water is much higher. Methyl acetate is not stable in the presence of strong aqueous bases or acids. Methyl acetate is VOC exempt.; The conversion of methyl acetate back into its components, by an acid, is a first-order reaction with respect to the ester. The reaction of methyl acetate and a base, for example sodium hydroxide, is a second-order reaction with respect to both reactants. Methyl acetate is a flavouring agent and can be found in many foods, some of which are apple, grape, banana, orange mint, and ginger.

Glucoerucin

C12H23NO9S3 (421.0535)

Glucoerucin belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkylglucosinolates. These are organic compounds containing a glucosinolate moiety that carries an alkyl chain. Outside of the human body, glucoerucin has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as cabbages and Brassicas. This could make glucoerucin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Glucoerucin is isolated from the seeds of salad rocket (Eruca sativa) and Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera). Isolated from seeds of salad rocket (Eruca sativa) and Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea variety gemmifera). Glucoerucin is found in many foods, some of which are brussel sprouts, turnip, brassicas, and common cabbage. D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents > D007096 - Imidoesters Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.

Benzo[b]fluoranthene

C20H12 (252.0939)

Bis(4-nitrophenyl) hydrogen phosphate

C12H9N2O8P (340.0097)

D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors KEIO_ID B069

3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid

C9H10O4 (182.0579)

3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, also known as dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA), is a metabolite product of the hydrogenation of caffeoylquinic acids, occurring in normal human biofluids, with potent antioxidant properties. DHCA has been detected in human plasma following coffee ingestion (PMID: 15607645) and is increased with some dietary sources, such as after ingestion of phenolic constituents of artichoke leaf extract (PMID: 15693705). Polyphenol-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits have been shown to significantly improve platelet function in ex vivo studies in humans (PMID: 16038718). Its antioxidant activity has been tested to reduce ferric iron in the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and it has been suggested that its catechol structure conveys the antioxidant effect in plasma and in erythrocytes (PMID: 11768243). 3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid is a microbial metabolite found in Bifidobacterium, Escherichia, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium (PMID: 28393285). 3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (or Dihydrocaffeic acid, DHCA) is a metabolite product of the hydrogenation of caffeoylquinic acids, occurring in normal human biofluids, with potent antioxidant properties. DHCA has been detected in human plasma following coffee ingestion (PMID 15607645), and is increased with some dietary sources, such as after ingestion of phenolic constituents of artichoke leaf extract. (PMID 15693705) Polyphenol-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits have been shown to significantly improve platelet function in ex vivo studies in humans. (PMID 16038718) Its antioxidant activity has been tested to reduce ferric iron in the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and it has been suggested that its catechol structure convey the antioxidant effect in plasma and in erythrocytes. (PMID 11768243) [HMDB]. 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid is found in red beetroot, common beet, and olive. KEIO_ID D047 Dihydrocaffeic acid is a microbial metabolite of flavonoids, reduces phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and prevent UVB-induced skin damage. Antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Dihydrocaffeic acid is a microbial metabolite of flavonoids, reduces phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and prevent UVB-induced skin damage. Antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory activity[1].

Glutamylglutamic acid

C10H16N2O7 (276.0957)

Glutamylglutamic acid is a dipeptide composed of two glutamic acid residues, and is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha amino acids and derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at its terminal nitrogen atom. Glutamylglutamic acid is an incomplete breakdown product of protein digestion or protein catabolism. Some dipeptides are known to have physiological or cell-signaling effects although most are simply short-lived intermediates on their way to specific amino acid degradation pathways following further proteolysis. KEIO_ID G043; [MS2] KO008970 KEIO_ID G043

3-Amino-1,2-propanediol

C3H9NO2 (91.0633)

KEIO_ID A046

Lumichrome

C12H10N4O2 (242.0804)

Lumichrome, also known as light folinic acid or 7,8-dimethyl-10-ribitylisoalloxazine, is a derivative of riboflavin (vitamin B2). The chemical structure of lumichrome consists of a heterocyclic isoalloxazine ring, which is a fused pyridine and pyrazine ring system. The isoalloxazine ring contains a methyl group at the 7 and 8 positions and is substituted at the 10 position with a ribityl group, which is a 5-carbon chain derived from ribose with a methyl group at the 2’ position. Photocatalytic Activity: Lumichrome exhibits photocatalytic activity and can act as a photosensitizer. It can absorb light energy and transfer it to other molecules, potentially triggering photochemical reactions. Fluorescence: Lumichrome is known for its fluorescence properties. This characteristic makes it useful in various applications, including fluorescence microscopy and as a labeling agent in biological assays. Antioxidant Properties: Lumichrome has been found to have antioxidant properties. It can scavenge free radicals, which may help in protecting cells from oxidative stress. Metabolic Intermediate: In the body, lumichrome can be formed from riboflavin through photochemical or enzymatic degradation. It may play a role in the metabolism of flavins and could be involved in the recycling of flavin cofactors. Potential Biomarker: Due to its presence in biological tissues and its fluorescence properties, lumichrome has been proposed as a potential biomarker for certain diseases and conditions. Plant Pigment: In plants, lumichrome can be involved in light capture and energy transfer processes, although it is not a chlorophyll pigment. It may contribute to the overall light-harvesting capabilities of plant tissues. While lumichrome has several interesting chemical and biological properties, it is not considered an essential nutrient like its parent compound, riboflavin. Its exact role in biological systems is still an area of ongoing research. Lumichrome, a photodegradation product of Riboflavin, is an endogenous compound in humans. Lumichrome inhibits human lung cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis via a p53-dependent mechanism[1][2].

Octanoylcarnitine

C15H29NO4 (287.2096)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 253 L-Octanoylcarnitine is a plasma metabolite and a physiologically active form of octanoylcarnitine. L-Octanoylcarnitine can be used for the research of breast cancer[1][2][3].

Gibberellin A9

C19H24O4 (316.1675)

A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and elongation of cells in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi it differs from gibberellin A1 in the absence of OH groups at C-2 and C-7 (gibbane numberings).

Gibberellin A19

C20H26O6 (362.1729)

Gibberellin A19 (GA19) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. These are C20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Thus, gibberellin A19 is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Gibberellin A19 is found in apple. Gibberellin A19 is a constituent of moso bamboo shoots (Phyllostachys edulis). Constituent of moso bamboo shoots (Phyllostachys edulis). Gibberellin A19 is found in many foods, some of which are swede, devilfish, vanilla, and canola. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins

gibberellin A24

C20H26O5 (346.178)

A C20-gibberellin that consists of a tetracyclic skeleton bearing two carboxy and a formyl group. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins

Gibberellin A53

C20H28O5 (348.1937)

Gibberellin A53 (GA53) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. These are C20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Thus, gibberellin A53 is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Gibberellin A53 is found in apple. Gibberellin A53 is isolated from Vicia faba and spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Isolated from Vicia faba and spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Gibberellin A53 is found in many foods, some of which are sapodilla, cowpea, sorghum, and garden tomato.

Cyclic cmp

C9H12N3O7P (305.0413)

Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.

Solasodin

C27H43NO2 (413.3294)

Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. INTERNAL_ID 2286; CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2286 Solasodine (Purapuridine) is a steroidal alkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. Solasodine (Purapuridine) is a steroidal alkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. Solasodine (Purapuridine) is a steroidal alkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2].

Galactinol

C12H22O11 (342.1162)

Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.

Skimmianine

C14H13NO4 (259.0845)

Skimmianine is a furoquinoline alkaloid present mainly in the Rutaceae family, with antispastic, anti-inflammatory activities and antiplatelet aggregation effect. Skimmianine exhibits cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines and genotoxicity[1]. Skimmianine is a furoquinoline alkaloid present mainly in the Rutaceae family, with antispastic, anti-inflammatory activities and antiplatelet aggregation effect. Skimmianine exhibits cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines and genotoxicity[1].

7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone

C15H10O4 (254.0579)

7,4-dihydroxyflavone, also known as 7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4h-chromen-4-one, is a member of the class of compounds known as flavones. Flavones are flavonoids with a structure based on the backbone of 2-phenylchromen-4-one (2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-4-one). Thus, 7,4-dihydroxyflavone is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. 7,4-dihydroxyflavone is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 7,4-dihydroxyflavone can be found in alfalfa, broad bean, and fenugreek, which makes 7,4-dihydroxyflavone a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Like many other flavonoids, 4,7-dihydroxyflavone has been found to possess activity at the opioid receptors. Specifically, it acts as an antagonist of the μ-opioid receptor and, with lower affinity, of the κ- and δ-opioid receptors . 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor, has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 μM[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor, has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 μM[1].

9,10-Phenanthrenequinone

C14H8O2 (208.0524)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 19 D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens

3-Hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene

C20H12O (268.0888)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 45

1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid

C25H24O12 (516.1268)

Cynarine is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a biologically active chemical constituent of artichoke. Chemically, it is an ester formed from quinic acid and two units of caffeic acid. 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in cardoon, globe artichoke, and fennel. 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in cardoon. Cynarine is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a biologically active chemical constituent of artichoke. Chemically, it is an ester formed from quinic acid and two units of caffeic acid. (Wikipedia C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C66913 - Cholagogues or Choleretic Agents D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002756 - Cholagogues and Choleretics [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_30eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_20eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_30eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_50eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_20eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_40eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_neg_10eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_10eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_40eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA70_Cynarin_pos_50eV.txt Cynarin is an antichoke agent with a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities. Cynarin is an antichoke agent with a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities.

Haplopine

C13H11NO4 (245.0688)

Haplopine is an oxacycle, an organonitrogen heterocyclic compound and an organic heterotricyclic compound. Haplopine is a natural product found in Haplophyllum bucharicum, Haplophyllum cappadocicum, and other organisms with data available.

(-)-Wikstromol

C20H22O7 (374.1365)

(-)-Wikstromol is found in fruits. (-)-Wikstromol is obtained from Pinus palustris (pitch pine) and Carissa edulis (agam obtained from Pinus palustris (pitch pine) and Carissa edulis (agam). (-)-Wikstromol is found in fruits and sesame.

Chebulagic acid

C41H30O27 (954.0974)

D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D059003 - Topoisomerase Inhibitors > D059004 - Topoisomerase I Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D016859 - Lipoxygenase Inhibitors Chebulagic acid is a COX-LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz, on angiogenesis. Chebulagic acid is a M2 serine to asparagine 31 mutation (S31N) inhibitor and influenza antiviral. Chebulagic acid also against SARS-CoV-2 viral replication with an EC50 of 9.76 μM. Chebulagic acid is a COX-LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz, on angiogenesis. Chebulagic acid is a M2 serine to asparagine 31 mutation (S31N) inhibitor and influenza antiviral. Chebulagic acid also against SARS-CoV-2 viral replication with an EC50 of 9.76 μM. Chebulagic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=23094-71-5 (retrieved 2024-09-27) (CAS RN: 23094-71-5). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Chebulinic acid

C41H32O27 (956.1131)

Chebulinic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=18942-26-2 (retrieved 2024-09-27) (CAS RN: 18942-26-2). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Glucocapangulin

C21H20O10 (432.1056)

Glucocapangulin, also known as anthraglycoside b, is a member of the class of compounds known as hydroxyanthraquinones. Hydroxyanthraquinones are compounds containing a hydroxyanthraquinone moiety, which consists of an anthracene bearing a quinone, and hydroxyl group. Thus, glucocapangulin is considered to be an aromatic polyketide lipid molecule. Glucocapangulin is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Glucocapangulin can be found in capers, which makes glucocapangulin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Emodin-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from medicinal plant Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc, is a potent and noncompetitive bacterial neuraminidase (BNA) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.85 μM[1]. Emodin-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from medicinal plant Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc, is a potent and noncompetitive bacterial neuraminidase (BNA) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.85 μM[1].

Pinoquercetin

C16H12O7 (316.0583)

Toyomycin

C57H82O26 (1182.5094)

C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C259 - Antineoplastic Antibiotic C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C2842 - DNA Binding Agent D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents > D049408 - Luminescent Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D000903 - Antibiotics, Antineoplastic > D002865 - Chromomycins D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors D004396 - Coloring Agents > D005456 - Fluorescent Dyes Same as: D02062

Gardenoside

C17H24O11 (404.1319)

A cyclopentapyran that is 7-deoxyloganin with a methyl and hydrogen replaced by hydroxy and hydroxymethyl groups at position 7. Gardenoside is a natural product found in Gardenia jasminoides, Catunaregam obovata, and other organisms with data available. Gardenoside is a natural compound found in Gardenia fruits, with hepatoprotective properties. Gardenoside suppresses the pain of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptors. Gardenoside has an inhibitory effect on free fatty acids (FFA)-induced cellular steatosis[1][2]. Gardenoside is a natural compound found in Gardenia fruits, with hepatoprotective properties. Gardenoside suppresses the pain of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptors. Gardenoside has an inhibitory effect on free fatty acids (FFA)-induced cellular steatosis[1][2]. Gardenoside is a natural compound found in Gardenia fruits, with hepatoprotective properties. Gardenoside suppresses the pain of chronic constriction injury by regulating the P2X3 and P2X7 receptors. Gardenoside has an inhibitory effect on free fatty acids (FFA)-induced cellular steatosis[1][2].

Shikomol

C10H10O2 (162.0681)

Phyllanthin

C24H34O6 (418.2355)

Phyllanthin is a major bioactive lignan component of Phyllanthus amarus. Phyllanthin exhibits high antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties[1]. Phyllanthin is a major bioactive lignan component of Phyllanthus amarus. Phyllanthin exhibits high antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties[1].

Antiarol

C9H12O4 (184.0736)

3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol is a member of the class of phenols that is phenol substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a member of phenols and a member of methoxybenzenes. 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenol is a natural product found in Diospyros eriantha, Tarenna attenuata, and other organisms with data available. A member of the class of phenols that is phenol substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5. Antiarol (3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenol) is a natural compound isolated from Cochlospermum vitifolium. Antiarol (3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenol) is a natural compound isolated from Cochlospermum vitifolium.

Iodoquinol

C9H5I2NO (396.8461)

G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G01 - Gynecological antiinfectives and antiseptics > G01A - Antiinfectives and antiseptics, excl. combinations with corticosteroids > G01AC - Quinoline derivatives D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C276 - Antiparasitic Agent > C277 - Antiprotozoal Agent

1-Methylguanidine

C2H7N3 (73.064)

Methylguanidine (MG) is a guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a methyl group. Methylguanidine is a guanidine compound deriving from protein catabolism. It is also a product of putrefaction. Methylguanidine has a role as a metabolite, an EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor and as a uremic toxin. It has been identified as a uremic toxin according to the European Uremic Toxin Working Group (PMID:22626821). It accumulates in renal failure, however it also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects. Methylguanidine is synthesized from creatinine concomitant with the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from endogenous substrates in peroxisomes. Recent evidence suggests that methylguanidine significantly inhibits iNOS activity and TNF- release. This means that methylguandine can attenuate the degree of inflammation and tissue damage associated with endotoxic shock. Methylguanidine (MG) is a guanidine compound deriving from protein catabolism. It is also a product of putrefaction. Methylguanidine is a suspected uraemic toxin that accumulates in renal failure, however it also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects. Methylguanidine is synthesized from creatinine concomitant with the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from endogenous substrates in peroxisomes. Recent evidence suggests that methylguanidine significantly inhibits iNOS activity and TNF- release. This means that methylguandine can attenuate the degree of inflammation and tissue damage associated with endotoxic shock. Methylguanidine is found in loquat and apple. Methylguanidine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=471-29-4 (retrieved 2024-07-16) (CAS RN: 471-29-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Azamethiphos

C9H10ClN2O5PS (323.9737)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents

Solasonine

C45H73NO16 (883.4929)

Solasonine is an azaspiro compound, an oxaspiro compound and a steroid. Solasonine is a natural product found in Solanum americanum, Solanum dimidiatum, and other organisms with data available. Solasonine is a steroidal glycoalkaloid isolated from Solanum nigrum L.. Solasonine has cytotoxicity to human gastric cancer cells[1]. Solasonine is a steroidal glycoalkaloid isolated from Solanum nigrum L.. Solasonine has cytotoxicity to human gastric cancer cells[1].

Ubiquinone 6

C39H58O4 (590.4335)

Ubiquinone-6 is a member of the chemical class known as Polyprenylbenzoquinones. These are compounds containing a polyisoprene chain attached to a quinone at the second ring position. Ubiquione-6 has just 6 isoprene units. Normally in humans it has 10. Ubiquinone-6 is an intermediate in the synthesis of Ubiquionone 10. It is an endogenouse compound but it has also been isolated from foods containing bakers yeast. Ubiquionone 10 (CoQ10) is involved in cellular respiration. It is fat-soluble and is therefore mobile in cellular membranes; it plays a unique role in the electron transport chain (ETC). In the inner bacterial membrane, electrons from NADH and succinate pass through the ETC to the oxygen, which is then reduced to water. The transfer of electrons through ETC results in the pumping of H+ across the membrane creating a proton gradient across the membrane, which is used by ATP synthase (located on the membrane) to generate ATP. Isolated from bakers yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

Heptanal

C7H14O (114.1045)

Heptanal, also known as enanthal or N-heptaldehyde, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain aldehydes. These are an aldehyde with a chain length containing between 6 and 12 carbon atoms. Thus, heptanal is considered to be a fatty aldehyde lipid molecule. It is a colourless liquid with a strong fruity odor, which is used as precursor to components in perfumes and lubricants. Heptanal is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Heptanal exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Heptanal is an aldehydic, citrus, and fat tasting compound. heptanal is found, on average, in the highest concentration in a few different foods, such as corns, tea, and sweet oranges and in a lower concentration in lemons, wild carrots, and carrots. heptanal has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as horned melons, common beets, dills, red bell peppers, and malus (crab apple). This could make heptanal a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. The formation of heptanal in the fractional distillation of castor oil was already described in 1878. The large-scale production is based on the pyrolytic cleavage of ricinoleic acid ester (Arkema method) and on the hydroformylation of 1-hexene with rhodium 2-ethylhexanoate as a catalyst upon addition of some 2-ethylhexanoic acid (Oxea method):Heptanal naturally occurs in the essential oils of ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata), clary sage (Salvia sclarea), lemon (Citrus x limon), bitter orange (Citrus x aurantium), rose (Rosa) and hyacinth (Hyacinthus). Heptanal is a potentially toxic compound. Heptanal has been found to be associated with several diseases such as ulcerative colitis, crohns disease, uremia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; also heptanal has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including celiac disease. The compound has a flash point of 39.5 °C. The explosion range is between 1.1\\% by volume as the lower explosion limit (LEL) and 5.2\\% by volume as the upper explosion limit. Heptanal or heptanaldehyde is an alkyl aldehyde. Full hydrogenation provides the branched primary alcohol 2-pentylnonan-1-ol, also accessible from the Guerbet reaction from heptanol. A by-product of the given reaction is the unpleasant rancid smelling (Z)-2-pentyl-2-nonenal. Heptanal forms flammable vapor-air mixtures. Heptanal is a flammable, slightly volatile colorless liquid of pervasive fruity to oily-greasy odor, which is miscible with alcohols and practically insoluble in water. Heptanal reacts with benzaldehyde in a Knoevenagel reaction under basic catalysis with high yield and selectivity (> 90\\%) to alpha-pentylcinnamaldehyde (also called jasmine aldehyde because of the typical jasmine odor), which is mostly used in many fragrances as a cis/trans isomer mixture. Found in essential oils of ylang-ylang, clary sage, California orange, bitter orange and others. Flavouring agent

3-Formylsalicylic Acid

C8H6O4 (166.0266)

D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents > D000894 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal > D012459 - Salicylates

Anonaine

C17H15NO2 (265.1103)

Alkaloid from Annona muricata (soursop) and Nelumbo nucifera (East India lotus). Anonaine is found in many foods, some of which are sugar apple, sacred lotus, fruits, and custard apple. Anonaine is found in cherimoya. Anonaine is an alkaloid from Annona muricata (soursop) and Nelumbo nucifera (East India lotus

Lactucin

C15H16O5 (276.0998)

Lactucin is found in chicory. Lactucin is a constituent of Cichorium intybus (chicory) Lactucin is a bitter substance that forms a white crystalline solid and belongs to the group of sesquiterpene lactones. It is found in some varieties of lettuce and is an ingredient of lactucarium. It has been shown to have analgesic and sedative properties Constituent of Cichorium intybus (chicory)

Mandelonitrile

C8H7NO (133.0528)

Mandelonitrile is a chemical compound of the cyanohydrin class. Small amounts of mandelonitrile occur in the pits of some fruits. (Wikipedia)

3-Dehydroquinic acid

C7H10O6 (190.0477)

3-Dehydroquinic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydroxy acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing a carboxylic acid substituted with a hydroxyl group on the adjacent carbon. 3-Dehydroquinic acid is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). In most organisms, 3-dehydroquinic acid is synthesized from D-erythrose-4-phosphate in two steps. However, archaea genomes contain no orthologs for the genes that encode these first two steps. Instead, archaeabacteria appear to utilize an alternative pathway in which 3-dehydroquinic acid is synthesized from 6-deoxy-5-ketofructose-1-phosphate and L-aspartate-semialdehyde. These two compounds are first condensed to form 2-amino-3,7-dideoxy-D-threo-hept-6-ulosonate, which cyclizes to 3-dehydroquinic acid. From 3-dehydroquinic acid and on to chorismate, the archaeal pathway appears to be identical to the bacterial pathway. In most organisms, 3-dehydroquinate is synthesized from D-erythrose-4-phosphate in two steps . However, the genomes of the archaea contain no orthologs for the genes that encode these first two steps. Instead, archaeabacteria appear to utilize an alternative pathway in which 3-dehydroquinate is synthesized from 6-deoxy-5-ketofructose-1-phosphate and L-aspartate-semialdehyde . These two compounds are first condensed to form 2-amino-3,7-dideoxy-D-threo-hept-6-ulosonate , which cyclizes to 3-dehydroquinate . From 3-dehydroquinate and on to chorismate , the archaeal pathway appears to be identical to the bacterial pathway [HMDB]. 3-Dehydroquinate is found in many foods, some of which are allium (onion), cashew nut, american cranberry, and common wheat.

o-Cresol

C7H8O (108.0575)

o-Cresol is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene, O-cresol is a cresol that is phenol substituted by a methyl group at position 2. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene. It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite. It is widely used chemical with neurotoxicological properties (PMID:15687000). o-Cresol is used commercially as a disinfectant. Exposure may occur by inhalation, by cutaneous adsorption or by oral ingestion. o-Cresol denature and precipitate cellular proteins and thus may rapidly cause poisoning. o-Cresol is metabolized by conjugation and oxidation. Ingestion of o-Cresol cause intense burning of mouth and throat, followed by marked abdominal pain and distress. The minimum lethal dose of cresol by mouth is about 2 g (PMID 15040915). o-Cresol is a microbial metabolite that can be found in Pseudomonas. Besides, o-Cresol is one of the chemical compounds found in castoreum. This compound is gathered from the beavers castor glands and found in the white cedar consumed by the beavers. Together with many other compounds, o-cresol is traditionally extracted from coal tar, the volatile materials obtained in the production of coke from coal. A similar source material is petroleum residues. These residue contains a few percent by weight of phenol and isomeric cresols. In addition to the materials derived from these natural sources, about two thirds of the Western worlds supply is produced by methylation of phenol using methanol. Flavouring ingredient. 2-Methylphenol is found in many foods, some of which are yellow bell pepper, pepper (c. annuum), arabica coffee, and asparagus.

Hexazyanoferrat(II)

C6FeN6-4 (211.9534)

Thiocysteine

C3H7NO2S2 (152.9918)

The reactive species in the phosphofructokinase modulation system could be considered thiocysteine (R-S-S-) or cystine trisulfide (R-S-S-S-R) produced from cystine in the presence of gamma-Cystathionase (CST, EC 4.4.1.1). The desulfuration reaction of cystine in vivo produces thiocysteine containing a bound sulfur atom. Persulfide generated from L-cysteine inactivates tyrosine aminotransferase. Thiocysteine is the reactive (unstable) intermediate of thiocystine which functions as a persulfide in transferring its sulfane sulfur to thiophilic acceptors. Thiocystine conversion to unstable thiocysteine is accelerated by sulfhydryl compounds, or reagents that cleave sulfur-sulfur bonds to yield sulfhydryl groups. Thiocystine is proposed as the storage form of sulfane sulfur in biological systems. Liver cytosols contain factors that produce an inhibitor of tyrosine aminotransferase in 3 steps: initial oxidation of cysteine to form cystine; desulfurization of cystine catalyzed by cystathionase to form the persulfide, thiocysteine; and reaction of thiocysteine (or products of its decomposition) with proteins to form protein-bound sulfane. (PMID: 2903161, 454618, 7287665) [HMDB] The reactive species in the phosphofructokinase modulation system could be considered thiocysteine (R-S-S-) or cystine trisulfide (R-S-S-S-R) produced from cystine in the presence of gamma-Cystathionase (CST, EC 4.4.1.1). The desulfuration reaction of cystine in vivo produces thiocysteine containing a bound sulfur atom. Persulfide generated from L-cysteine inactivates tyrosine aminotransferase. Thiocysteine is the reactive (unstable) intermediate of thiocystine which functions as a persulfide in transferring its sulfane sulfur to thiophilic acceptors. Thiocystine conversion to unstable thiocysteine is accelerated by sulfhydryl compounds, or reagents that cleave sulfur-sulfur bonds to yield sulfhydryl groups. Thiocystine is proposed as the storage form of sulfane sulfur in biological systems. Liver cytosols contain factors that produce an inhibitor of tyrosine aminotransferase in 3 steps: initial oxidation of cysteine to form cystine; desulfurization of cystine catalyzed by cystathionase to form the persulfide, thiocysteine; and reaction of thiocysteine (or products of its decomposition) with proteins to form protein-bound sulfane. (PMID: 2903161, 454618, 7287665).

2-Nitrophenol

C6H5NO3 (139.0269)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1124; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3496; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3495 ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3493; CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1124; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3494 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1124; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3485; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3484 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1124; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3492; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3491 DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3492; CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1124; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3491 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1124; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3463; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3462 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1124; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3494; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3493

Gentiotriose

C18H32O16 (504.169)

Manninotriose is found in cocoa and cocoa products. Manninotriose is found free in cocoa beans, hazelnuts and in various plant mannans. Selectively utilised by bifidobacteria in the intestine but hardly utilised by other microorganisms. Increases faecal bifidobacteria and decreases Clostridia.

2-Aminonaphthalene

C10H9N (143.0735)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 516; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6383; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6382 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 516; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6382; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6380 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 516; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6375; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6374 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 516; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6368; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6366 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 516; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6328; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6323 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 516; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 6403; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 6398 2-aminonaphthalene belongs to the family of Naphthalenes. These are compounds containing a naphthalene moiety, which consists of two fused benzene rings. D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens

Fenchol

C10H18O (154.1358)

Fenchol is found in fennel. Fenchol is a flavouring ingredient with a bitter, lime-like flavour [DFC] (Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.). Fenchol is a natural product found in Kunzea salina, Hyptis goyazensis, and other organisms with data available. Flavouring ingredient with a bitter, lime-like flavour [DFC] Fenchyl alcohol is a monoterpene alcohol in the essential oils isolated from Douglas fir needles, acts as a fragrance. Fenchyl alcohol strongly inhibits the rumen microbial activity of both sheep and deer[1][2]. Fenchyl alcohol is a monoterpene alcohol in the essential oils isolated from Douglas fir needles, acts as a fragrance. Fenchyl alcohol strongly inhibits the rumen microbial activity of both sheep and deer[1][2].

Dimethyl selenide

C2H6Se (109.9635)

Constituent of Allium subspecies Dimethyl selenide is found in many foods, some of which are breadnut tree seed, buffalo currant, guava, and muskmelon. Dimethyl selenide is found in onion-family vegetables. Dimethyl selenide is a constituent of Allium species.

2-Thienylacetic acid

C6H6O2S (142.0088)

6-deoxyerythronolide B

C21H38O6 (386.2668)

Diadenosine pentaphosphate

C20H29N10O22P5 (916.0146)

Diadenosine pentaphosphate (AP5A) is a diadenosine polyphosphate. Diadenosine polyphosphates (APnAs, n = 3-6) are a family of endogenous vasoactive purine dinucleotides which have been isolated from thrombocytes. APnAs have been demonstrated to be involved in the control of vascular tone as well as the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and hence, possibly, in atherogenesis. APnAs isolated substances are Ap3A, Ap4A, Ap5A, and Ap6A. APnAs are naturally occurring substances that facilitate tear secretion; they are released from the corneal epithelium, they stimulate tear production and therefore they may be considered as physiological modulators of tear secretion. The APnAs were discovered in the mid-sixties in the course of studies on aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS). APnAs have emerged as intracellular and extracellular signalling molecules implicated in the maintenance and regulation of vital cellular functions and become considered as second messengers. Great variety of physiological and pathological effects in mammalian cells was found to be associated with alterations of APnAs. APnAs are polyphosphated nucleotidic substances which are found in the CNS and are known to be released in a calcium-dependent manner from storage vesicles in brain synaptosomes. AP5A is a specific adenylate kinase inhibitor in the hippocampus, decreasing the rate of decomposition of ADP and the formation of ATP; a pathway that influences the availability of purines in the central nervous system. AP5A in nanomolar concentrations is found to significantly stimulate the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. AP5A is a P2X agonist. The activation of nucleotide ion tropic receptors increases intracellular calcium concentration, resulting in calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activation. AP5A is an avid inhibitor of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). EDN is a catalytically proficient member of the pancreatic ribonuclease superfamily secreted along with other eosinophil granule proteins during innate host defense responses and various eosinophil-related inflammatory and allergic diseases. The ribonucleolytic activity of EDN is central to its antiviral and neurotoxic activities and possibly to other facets of its biological activity. AP5A have been identified in human platelets and shown to be important modulator of cardiovascular function. AP5A is stored in synaptic vesicles and released upon nerve terminal depolarization. At the extracellular level, AP5A can stimulate presynaptic dinucleotide receptors. Responses to AP5A have been described in isolated synaptic terminals (synaptosomes) from several brain areas in different animal species, including man. Dinucleotide receptors are ligand-operated ion channels that allow the influx of cations into the terminals. These cations reach a threshold for N- and P/Q-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, which become activated. The activation of the dinucleotide receptor together with the activation of these calcium channels triggers the release of neurotransmitters. The ability of Ap5A to promote glutamate, GABA or acetylcholine release has been described. (PMID: 11212966, 12738682, 11810214, 9607303, 8922753, 10094777, 16401072, 16819989, 17721817, 17361116, 14502438) [HMDB] Diadenosine pentaphosphate (AP5A) is a diadenosine polyphosphate. Diadenosine polyphosphates (APnAs, n = 3-6) are a family of endogenous vasoactive purine dinucleotides which have been isolated from thrombocytes. APnAs have been demonstrated to be involved in the control of vascular tone as well as the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells and hence, possibly, in atherogenesis. APnAs isolated substances are Ap3A, Ap4A, Ap5A, and Ap6A. APnAs are naturally occurring substances that facilitate tear secretion; they are released from the corneal epithelium, they stimulate tear production and therefore they may be considered as physiological modulators of tear secretion. The APnAs were discovered in the mid-sixties in the course of studies on aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRS). APnAs have emerged as intracellular and extracellular signalling molecules implicated in the maintenance and regulation of vital cellular functions and become considered as second messengers. Great variety of physiological and pathological effects in mammalian cells was found to be associated with alterations of APnAs. APnAs are polyphosphated nucleotidic substances which are found in the CNS and are known to be released in a calcium-dependent manner from storage vesicles in brain synaptosomes. AP5A is a specific adenylate kinase inhibitor in the hippocampus, decreasing the rate of decomposition of ADP and the formation of ATP; a pathway that influences the availability of purines in the central nervous system. AP5A in nanomolar concentrations is found to significantly stimulate the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. AP5A is a P2X agonist. The activation of nucleotide ion tropic receptors increases intracellular calcium concentration, resulting in calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activation. AP5A is an avid inhibitor of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). EDN is a catalytically proficient member of the pancreatic ribonuclease superfamily secreted along with other eosinophil granule proteins during innate host defense responses and various eosinophil-related inflammatory and allergic diseases. The ribonucleolytic activity of EDN is central to its antiviral and neurotoxic activities and possibly to other facets of its biological activity. AP5A have been identified in human platelets and shown to be important modulator of cardiovascular function. AP5A is stored in synaptic vesicles and released upon nerve terminal depolarization. At the extracellular level, AP5A can stimulate presynaptic dinucleotide receptors. Responses to AP5A have been described in isolated synaptic terminals (synaptosomes) from several brain areas in different animal species, including man. Dinucleotide receptors are ligand-operated ion channels that allow the influx of cations into the terminals. These cations reach a threshold for N- and P/Q-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, which become activated. The activation of the dinucleotide receptor together with the activation of these calcium channels triggers the release of neurotransmitters. The ability of Ap5A to promote glutamate, GABA or acetylcholine release has been described. (PMID: 11212966, 12738682, 11810214, 9607303, 8922753, 10094777, 16401072, 16819989, 17721817, 17361116, 14502438). D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate

C9H12FN2O8P (326.0315)

5-Fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate is a metabolite of floxuridine. Floxuridine (also 5-fluorodeoxyuridine) is an oncology drug that belongs to the class known as antimetabolites. The drug is most often used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. (Wikipedia)

1,2,6-Trigalloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose

C27H24O18 (636.0963)

Isolated from Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) and Rubus idaeus (raspberry). 1,2,6-Trigalloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is found in many foods, some of which are fruits, pomegranate, garden rhubarb, and red raspberry. 1,2,6-Trigalloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is found in fruits. 1,2,6-Trigalloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose is isolated from Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) and Rubus idaeus (raspberry).

2-Hydroxyestrone

C18H22O3 (286.1569)

2-Hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1), also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-2,3-diol-17-one, is an endogenous, naturally occurring catechol estrogen and a major metabolite of estrone and estradiol. 2-Hydroxyestrone belongs to the class of organic compounds known as estrogens and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure containing a 3-hydroxylated estrane. Thus, 2-Hydroxyestrone is considered to be a steroid molecule. It is formed irreversibly from estrone in the liver and to a lesser extent in other tissues via 2-hydroxylation mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes, mainly the CYP3A and CYP1A subfamilies. 2-OHE1 is the most abundant catechol estrogen in the body. 2-Hydroxyestrone is found in all vertebrates. Vertebrates, especially mammals, metabolizes estrogen into two major pathways and one minor. The two major pathways lead to 2-hydroxyestrone and 16a-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1 and 16a OHE1, respectively). The minor pathway leads to 4-hydroxyestrone (4-OHE1). 2a-hydroxyestrone is considered to be the good steroid metabolite (PMID: 8943806) as 2-hydroxyestrone does not stimulate cell growth and it blocks the action of stronger estrogens that may be carcinogenic. 2-hydroxyestrone is not significantly uterotrophic, whereas other hydroxylated estrogen metabolites including 2-hydroxyestradiol, 16a-hydroxyestrone, estriol, 4-hydroxyestradiol, and 4-hydroxyestrone all are. A low urinary ratio of 2-hydroxyestrone to 16-alpha-hydroxyestrone is a strong predictor of breast cancer risk among women (PMID: 19502596). Estrone (also oestrone) is an estrogenic hormone secreted by the ovary. Its molecular formula is C18H22O2. estrone has a melting point of 254.5 degrees Celsius. estrone is one of the three estrogens, which also include estriol and estradiol. estrone is the least prevalent of the three hormones, estradiol being prevalent almost always in a female body, estriol being prevalent primarily during pregnancy. estrone sulfate is relevant to health and disease due to its conversion to estrone sulfate, a long-lived derivative of estrone. estrone sulfate acts as a pool of estrone which can be converted as needed to the more active estradiol. [HMDB] C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones D020011 - Protective Agents > D016588 - Anticarcinogenic Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

Fluoroacetic acid

C2H3FO2 (78.0117)

D010575 - Pesticides > D012378 - Rodenticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

3,4-Dihydroxystyrene

C8H8O2 (136.0524)

hopene

C30H50 (410.3912)

Lipoxin B4

C20H32O5 (352.225)

Lipoxins (LXs) and aspirin-triggered lipoxin (ATL) are trihydroxytetraene-containing eicosanoids generated from arachidonic acid that are distinct in structure, formation, and function from the many other proinflammatory lipid-derived mediators. These endogenous eicosanoids have now emerged as founding members of the first class of lipid/chemical mediators involved in the resolution of the inflammatory response. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4), ATL, and their metabolic stable analogs elicit cellular responses and regulate leukocyte trafficking in vivo by activating the specific receptor, ALX. Many of the eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid (AA2), including prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs), play important roles as local mediators exerting a wide range of actions relevant in immune hypersensitivity and inflammation. However, recent observations indicate that other agents derived from the lipoxygenase (LO) pathways are formed and play a key role in initiating the resolution of acute inflammation. This phenomenon is an active process that is governed by specific lipid mediators and involves a series of well-orchestrated temporal events. Thus, potent locally released mediators serve as checkpoint controllers of inflammation. In addition to the well-appreciated ability of aspirin to inhibit PGs, aspirin also acetylates cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, triggering the formation of a 15-epimeric form of lipoxins, termed aspirin-triggered LXA4 (ATL). These eicosanoids (i.e. LXA4 and ATL) with a unique trihydroxytetraene structure function as stop signals in inflammation and actively participate in dampening host responses to bring the inflammation to a close, namely, resolution. LXA4 and ATL elicit the multicellular responses via a specific G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) termed ALX that has been identified in human (PMID: 16968948, 11478982). Lipoxins (LXs) and aspirin-triggered Lipoxin (ATL) are trihydroxytetraene-containing eicosanoids generated from arachidonic acid that are distinct in structure, formation, and function from the many other proinflammatory lipid-derived mediators. These endogenous eicosanoids have now emerged as founding members of the first class of lipid/chemical mediators involved in the resolution of the inflammatory response. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4), ATL, and their metabolic stable analogs elicit cellular responses and regulate leukocyte trafficking in vivo by activating the specific receptor, ALX. Many of the eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid (AA2), including prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs), play important roles as local mediators exerting a wide range of actions relevant in immune hypersensitivity and inflammation. However, recent observations indicate that other agents derived from the lipoxygenase (LO) pathways are formed and play a key role in initiating the resolution of acute inflammation. This phenomenon is an active process that is governed by specific lipid mediators and involves a series of well-orchestrated temporal events. Thus, potent locally released mediators serve as checkpoint controllers of inflammation. D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents

1,3-Dichloropropene

C3H4Cl2 (109.969)

1,3-Dichloropropene, also known as Telone or simply 1,3-D, is a colorless liquid with a sweet smell. It exists as a mixture of the geometric isomers cis-1,3-dichloropropene and trans-1,3-dichloropropene. It dissolves in water and evaporates easily. It is used mainly in farming as a pesticide, specifically as a preplant fumigant and nematicide. It widely used in the US and other countries, but in the process of being phased out in the European Union. [HMDB] 1,3-Dichloropropene, also known as Telone or simply 1,3-D, is a colorless liquid with a sweet smell. It exists as a mixture of the geometric isomers cis-1,3-dichloropropene and trans-1,3-dichloropropene. It dissolves in water and evaporates easily. It is used mainly in farming as a pesticide, specifically as a preplant fumigant and nematicide. It widely used in the US and other countries, but in the process of being phased out in the European Union. D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Chloroethylene

C2H3Cl (61.9923)

D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens

Diphenidol

C21H27NO (309.2093)

Diphenidol is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an antiemetic agent used in the treatment of vomiting and vertigo. Diphenidol overdose may result in serious toxicity in children.The mechanism by which diphenidol exerts its antiemetic and antivertigo effects is not precisely known. It is thought to diminish vestibular stimulation and depress labyrinthine function and as an antimuscarinic agent. An action on the medullary chemoreceptive trigger zone may also be involved in the antiemetic effect. Diphenidol has no significant sedative, tranquilizing, or antihistaminic action. It has a weak peripheral anticholinergic effect. D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C267 - Antiemetic Agent D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D000932 - Antiemetics D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents

Atracurium

C53H72N2O12+2 (928.5085)

D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents > D009466 - Neuromuscular Blocking Agents M - Musculo-skeletal system > M03 - Muscle relaxants > M03A - Muscle relaxants, peripherally acting agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66880 - Anticholinergic Agent > C66886 - Nicotinic Antagonist D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists

aldrin

C12H8Cl6 (361.8757)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Sertindole

C24H26ClFN4O (440.1779)

Sertindole, a neuroleptic, is one of the newer antipsychotic medications available. Serdolect is developed by the Danish pharmaceutical company H. Lundbeck. Like the other atypical antipsychotics, it has activity at dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain. It is used in the treatment of schizophrenia. It is classified chemically as a phenylindole derivative. It was first marketed in 1996 in several European countries before being withdrawn two years later because of numerous cardiac adverse effects. It has once again been approved and should soon be available on the French and Australian market. D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05A - Antipsychotics > N05AE - Indole derivatives D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66885 - Serotonin Antagonist C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66883 - Dopamine Antagonist Sertindole (Lu 23-174) is an orally active 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, dopamine D2, and αl-adrenergic receptors antagonist. Sertindole shows antipsychotic activity and anti-proliferative activity to multiple cancer cells[1][2][3].

Gatifloxacin

C19H22FN3O4 (375.1594)

Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Bristol-Myers Squibb introduced Gatifloxacin in 1999 under the proprietary name Tequin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, having licensed the medication from Kyorin Pharmaceutical Company of Japan. Allergan produces an eye-drop formulation called Zymar. Gatifloxacin is available as tablets and in various aqueous solutions for intravenous therapy. [Wikipedia] J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J01 - Antibacterials for systemic use > J01M - Quinolone antibacterials > J01MA - Fluoroquinolones D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D059003 - Topoisomerase Inhibitors > D059005 - Topoisomerase II Inhibitors S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01A - Antiinfectives > S01AE - Fluoroquinolones D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D024841 - Fluoroquinolones C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic > C795 - Quinolone Antibiotic D019999 - Pharmaceutical Solutions > D009883 - Ophthalmic Solutions D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors

Oxanthrene

C12H8O2 (184.0524)

Galegine

C6H13N3 (127.1109)

Leptosidin

C16H12O6 (300.0634)

A hydroxyaurone that is aurone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 6, 3 and 4 and a methoxy group at position 7.

Albanol A

C34H26O8 (562.1628)

Mulberrofuran G protects ischemic injury-induced cell death via inhibition of NOX4-mediated ROS generation and ER stress[1]. Mulberrofuran G shows moderate inhibiting activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication with IC50 of 3.99 μM[2]. Mulberrofuran G protects ischemic injury-induced cell death via inhibition of NOX4-mediated ROS generation and ER stress[1]. Mulberrofuran G shows moderate inhibiting activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication with IC50 of 3.99 μM[2]. Mulberrofuran G protects ischemic injury-induced cell death via inhibition of NOX4-mediated ROS generation and ER stress[1]. Mulberrofuran G shows moderate inhibiting activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication with IC50 of 3.99 μM[2].

Fucosterol

C29H48O (412.3705)

Characteristic sterol of seaweeds; isolated from bladderwrack Fucus vesiculosus. Fucosterol is found in lemon grass and coconut. Fucosterol is found in coconut. Characteristic sterol of seaweeds; isolated from bladderwrack Fucus vesiculosu Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research[1]. Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research[1].

Isovelleral

C15H20O2 (232.1463)

Sirenin

C15H24O2 (236.1776)

Gentisin

C14H10O5 (258.0528)

Gentisin is found in alcoholic beverages. Gentisin is a pigment from root of Gentiana lutea (yellow gentian

Grandidentatin

C21H28O9 (424.1733)

Eucommin A

C27H34O12 (550.205)

Cryptopleurine

C24H27NO3 (377.1991)

An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is (14aR)-11,12,13,14,14a,15-hexahydro-9H-dibenzo[f,h]pyrido[1,2-b]isoquinoline substituted at positions 2, 3 and 6 by methoxy groups. D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011500 - Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

gamma-Fagarine

C13H11NO3 (229.0739)

Gamma-Fagarine is an organic heterotricyclic compound, an organonitrogen heterocyclic compound and an oxacycle. gamma-Fagarine is a natural product found in Haplophyllum bucharicum, Haplophyllum griffithianum, and other organisms with data available. gamma-Fagarine is found in fruits. gamma-Fagarine is an alkaloid from Aegle marmelos (bael fruit

N-Methylflindersine

C15H15NO2 (241.1103)

N-Methylflindersine is an oxacycle, an organic heterotricyclic compound and an organonitrogen heterocyclic compound. N-Methylflindersine is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum beecheyanum, Melicope denhamii, and other organisms with data available. N-Methylflindersine is a compound isolated as insect antifeedants from the East African Rutaceous medicinal plants Fagara chalybea and F. holtziana[1]. N-Methylflindersine is a compound isolated as insect antifeedants from the East African Rutaceous medicinal plants Fagara chalybea and F. holtziana[1].

Peimine

C27H45NO3 (431.3399)

Verticine is an alkaloid. Peimine is a natural product found in Fritillaria anhuiensis, Fritillaria cirrhosa, and other organisms with data available. D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents > D014704 - Veratrum Alkaloids Peimine (Verticine) is a natural compound with excellent anti-inflammatory activity. Peimine (Verticine) is a natural compound with excellent anti-inflammatory activity.

Trichocarpin

C20H22O9 (406.1264)

Tefluthrin

C17H14ClF7O2 (418.057)

CHLORBROMURON

C9H10BrClN2O2 (291.9614)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1318; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4514; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4511 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1318; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9195; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9192 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1318; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4480; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4476 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1318; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4517; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4513 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1318; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9173; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9171 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1318; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4488; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4485 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1318; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4500; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4496 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1318; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX504; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4513; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4508

Temik

C7H14N2O2S (190.0776)

D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C47792 - Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors D016573 - Agrochemicals

nonactin

C40H64O12 (736.4398)

Cefpirome

C22H22N6O5S2 (514.1093)

Cefpirome is a fourth-generation cephalosporin. Trade names include Cefrom, Keiten, Broact, Cefir. Cefpirome is considered highly active against Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Gram-positive bacteria. It is marketed under the brand name of CEFROM by sanofi aventis group india. J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J01 - Antibacterials for systemic use > J01D - Other beta-lactam antibacterials > J01DE - Fourth-generation cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D002511 - Cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D047090 - beta-Lactams D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D007769 - Lactams C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic > C260 - Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Same as: D07649

Oligomycin C

C45H74O10 (774.5282)

An oligomycin with formula C45H74O10 that is oligomycin A in which the hydroxy group that is alpha- to a macrolide keto group has been replaced by a hydrogen. It is an inhibitor of the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D009840 - Oligomycins

SN38 glucuronide

C28H28N2O11 (568.1693)

SN38 glucuronide is a metabolite of irinotecan. Irinotecan is a drug used for the treatment of cancer. Irinotecan prevents DNA from unwinding by inhibition of topoisomerase 1. In chemical terms, it is a semisynthetic analogue of the natural alkaloid camptothecin. Its main use is in colon cancer, in particular, in combination with other chemotherapy agents. This includes the regimen FOLFIRI, which consists of infusional 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan. Irinotecan received accelerated approval by the U.S. (Wikipedia)

N-Acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)cysteine

C7H12N2O4S (220.0518)

N-acetyl-s-(n-methylcarbamoyl)cysteine belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom.

Isocyanocyclohexane

C7H11N (109.0891)

Foscan

C44H32N4O4 (680.2423)

L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L01 - Antineoplastic agents > L01X - Other antineoplastic agents > L01XD - Sensitizers used in photodynamic/radiation therapy D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents C1420 - Photosensitizing Agent D003879 - Dermatologic Agents Same as: D06066

Methanophenazine

C37H50N2O (538.3923)

Telomestatin

C26H14N8O7S (582.0706)

Telomestatin is a naturally occurring organic compound classified as a cyclic phenolphthioceramide derivative. It is isolated from the fermentation broth of microorganisms and is known for its antitumor properties. The name "telomestatin" reflects its primary mode of action, which is the inhibition of telomerase, an enzyme crucial for the maintenance of chromosome stability and cell proliferation, particularly in cancer cells where telomerase activity is often elevated. Telomerase is responsible for adding repetitive DNA sequences called telomeres to the ends of chromosomes, which prevents the loss of genetic material during DNA replication and cell division. By inhibiting telomerase, telomestatin interferes with the ability of cancer cells to divide and proliferate, making it a potential candidate for antitumor therapy. The compound's unique chemical structure allows it to bind specifically to the telomerase RNA component, thereby blocking the enzyme's activity. The discovery and study of telomestatin have contributed to the understanding of telomerase biology and the development of potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.

stigmatellin

C30H42O7 (514.293)

A member of the class of chromones that is isolated from Stigmatella aurantiaca Sg a15. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents

Quercetin 7-glucoside

C21H20O12 (464.0955)

Quercetin 7-glucoside, also known as quercimeritrin, is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-7-o-glycosides. Flavonoid-7-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to carbohydrate moiety at the C7-position. Quercetin 7-glucoside is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Quercetin 7-glucoside can be found in a number of food items such as roman camomile, okra, dandelion, and cottonseed, which makes quercetin 7-glucoside a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1]. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1].

Cyclothiazide

C14H16ClN3O4S2 (389.0271)

As a diuretic, cyclothiazide inhibits active chloride reabsorption at the early distal tubule via the Na-Cl cotransporter, resulting in an increase in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and water. Thiazides like cyclothiazide also inhibit sodium ion transport across the renal tubular epithelium through binding to the thiazide sensitive sodium-chloride transporter. This results in an increase in potassium excretion via the sodium-potassium exchange mechanism. The antihypertensive mechanism of cyclothiazide is less well understood although it may be mediated through its action on carbonic anhydrases in the smooth muscle or through its action on the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channel, also found in the smooth muscle. Cyclothiazide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and corticosteroid and estrogen therapy. It is also indicated in the management of hypertension either as the sole therapeutic agent or to enhance the effectiveness of other antihypertensive drugs in the more severe forms of hypertension. C - Cardiovascular system > C03 - Diuretics > C03A - Low-ceiling diuretics, thiazides > C03AA - Thiazides, plain C78275 - Agent Affecting Blood or Body Fluid > C448 - Diuretic > C49185 - Thiazide Diuretic D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D045283 - Natriuretic Agents D045283 - Natriuretic Agents > D004232 - Diuretics Same as: D01256 Cyclothiazide, a positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors, is used frequently to block the desensitization of both native and heterologously expressed AMPA receptors. Cyclothiazide is known to produce a fast inhibition of AMPA receptor desensitization and a much slower potentiation of the AMPA current[1].

Bropirimine

C10H8BrN3O (264.9851)

D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007369 - Interferon Inducers C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C2139 - Immunostimulant D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents Same as: D01666

4,4-dinitrostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid

C14H10N2O10S2 (429.9777)

Adenophostin A

C16H26N5O18P3 (669.0486)

D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents > D002120 - Calcium Channel Agonists D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators

NS-102

C12H11N3O4 (261.075)

NS-102 is a selective kainate (GluK2) receptor antagonist. NS-102 is a potent GluR6/7 receptor antagonist[1][2][3].

Furo(3,4-b)pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, 1,4,5,7-tetrahydro-4-(2-(difluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-methyl-5-oxo-, ethyl ester

C18H17F2NO5 (365.1075)

D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents > D002120 - Calcium Channel Agonists D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators

Cetiedil

C20H31NO2S (349.2075)

C - Cardiovascular system > C04 - Peripheral vasodilators > C04A - Peripheral vasodilators C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C29707 - Vasodilating Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D000986 - Antisickling Agents ATC code: C04AX26

R-L 3

C25H20FN3O (397.159)

1-EBIO

C9H10N2O (162.0793)

D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents > D002120 - Calcium Channel Agonists D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators

3-Methylsalicylaldehyde

C8H8O2 (136.0524)

m-Cresotic acid

C8H8O3 (152.0473)

A monohydroxybenzoic acid consisting of salicylic acid having a methyl group at the 4-position.

Cyclopropanamine

C3H7N (57.0578)

A primary aliphatic amine that consists of cyclopropane bearing a single amino substituent.

4-Biphenylol

C12H10O (170.0732)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4839; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4835 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4862; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4859 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4882; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4877 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4893; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4890 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4872; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4871 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1154; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4890; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4887

2,2-Dihydroxybenzophenone

C13H10O3 (214.063)

Dibenz[a,h]anthracene

C22H14 (278.1095)

D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens Dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of considerable tumorigenicity. Dibenz[a,h]anthracene results in DNA adduct formation leading to the activation of a DNA damage response. Dibenz[a,h]anthracene induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via both Tp53-dependent and Tp53-independent mechanisms[1][2].

2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorobiphenyl

C12H5Cl5 (323.8834)

1-Chloro-2-nitrobenzene

C6H4ClNO2 (156.9931)

5,6-DHET

C20H34O4 (338.2457)

5,6-DHET is an epoxide intermediate in the oxygenation of arachidonic acid by hepatic monooxygenases pathway. 5,6-DHET is the hydrolysis metabolite of cis-5(6)Epoxy-cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid by epoxide hydrolases. Many drugs, chemicals, and endogenous compounds are oxygenated in mammalian tissues and in some instances reactive and potentially toxic or carcinogenic epoxides are formed. Naturally occurring olefins may also be oxygenated by mammalian enzymes. The most well known are lipoxygenases and microsomal cytochrome P-450-linked monooxygenases. The epoxides may be chemically labile or may be enzymatically hydrolyzed. When arene or olefinic epoxides are formed by microsomal P-450-linked monooxygenases, they are often rapidly converted to less reactive trans-diols through the action of microsomal epoxide hydrolases. (PMID: 6801052, 6548162) [HMDB] 5,6-DHET is an epoxide intermediate in the oxygenation of arachidonic acid by hepatic monooxygenases pathway. 5,6-DHET is the hydrolysis metabolite of cis-5(6)Epoxy-cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid by epoxide hydrolases. Many drugs, chemicals, and endogenous compounds are oxygenated in mammalian tissues and in some instances reactive and potentially toxic or carcinogenic epoxides are formed. Naturally occurring olefins may also be oxygenated by mammalian enzymes. The most well known are lipoxygenases and microsomal cytochrome P-450-linked monooxygenases. The epoxides may be chemically labile or may be enzymatically hydrolyzed. When arene or olefinic epoxides are formed by microsomal P-450-linked monooxygenases, they are often rapidly converted to less reactive trans-diols through the action of microsomal epoxide hydrolases. (PMID: 6801052, 6548162).

2-Bromophenol

C6H5BrO (171.9524)

2-Bromophenol is found in crustaceans. 2-Bromophenol is a flavour component of marine fish, molluscs and crustaceans. Imparts and intense shrimp-like flavou

CE(18:2(9Z,12Z))

C45H76O2 (648.5845)

Cholesteryl linoleic acid is a cholesteryl ester. A cholesteryl ester is an ester of cholesterol. Fatty acid esters of cholesterol constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima (the innermost layer of an artery, in direct contact with the flowing blood) is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting arterial blood vessels. It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries, in large part to the deposition of lipoproteins (plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides). Cholesteryl linoleate is contained in low density lipoprotein and atherosclerotic lesions. The oxidation products of cholesteryl linoleate may cause chronic inflammatory processes. (PMID 9684755, 11950694) [HMDB] Cholesteryl linoleic acid is a cholesteryl ester. A cholesteryl ester is an ester of cholesterol. Fatty acid esters of cholesterol constitute about two-thirds of the cholesterol in the plasma. Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The accumulation of cholesterol esters in the arterial intima (the innermost layer of an artery, in direct contact with the flowing blood) is a characteristic feature of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting arterial blood vessels. It is a chronic inflammatory response in the walls of arteries, in large part to the deposition of lipoproteins (plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides). Cholesteryl linoleate is contained in low density lipoprotein and atherosclerotic lesions. The oxidation products of cholesteryl linoleate may cause chronic inflammatory processes. (PMID 9684755, 11950694). Cholesteryl linoleate is shown to be the major cholesteryl ester contained in LDL and atherosclerotic lesions.

7-a,25-Dihydroxycholesterol

C27H46O3 (418.3447)

7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-OHC) is a potent and selective agonist and endogenous ligand of the orphan GPCR receptor EBI2 (GPR183). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol is highly potent at activating EBI2 (EC50=140 pM; Kd=450 pM). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol can serve as a chemokine directing migration of B cells, T cells and dendritic cells[1][2].

1-[(4-Amino-3-methylphenyl)methyl]-5-(2,2-diphenylacetyl)-6,7-dihydro-4H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid

C29H28N4O3 (480.2161)

3-Hydroxy-2-naphthoate

C11H8O3 (188.0473)

CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4370; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4369 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4410; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4409 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4389; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4388 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4390; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4389 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8941; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8939 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 9011; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 9007 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4419; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4418 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8996; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8992 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8968; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8964 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 846; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX501; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4369; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4368

Citronellic acid

C10H18O2 (170.1307)

Flavouring ingredient. Citronellic acid is found in many foods, some of which are peppermint, lemon balm, lemon grass, and cardamom. Citronellic acid is found in cardamom. Citronellic acid is a flavouring ingredien

Vanillylamine

C8H11NO2 (153.079)

Vanillylamine is prepared by reacting vanillin with hydroxylamine or the salts thereof in the presence of an organic salt, which may optionally be produced in situ, wherein the reaction is carried out in an inorganic or organic acid as diluent, and subsequently hydrogenating the resulting vanillyloxime with hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst and an organic and/or inorganic acid.It inhibits microsomal enzyme function; RN given refers to parent cpd. Vanillylamine is a component of capsaicin.In Pseudomonas fluorescens B56 under growing conditions, the cells metabolized vanillylamine to vanillin, and vanillin to vanillic acid and a small amount of vanillyl alcohol. Under non-growing conditions, the cells produced vanillin, vanillic acid and protocatechuic acid from vanillylamine, and vanillic acid supplied to the medium was converted to protocatechuic acid. It is thus suggested that vanillylamine is metabolized to vanillic acid through vanillin by Pseudomonas fluorescens B56 in a rich medium, however, in a starving medium, the bacterial strain further metabolizes vanillic acid to protocatechuic acid. The vanillylamine metabolic activity was slowly induced by the substrate. Vanillylamine is prepared by reacting vanillin with hydroxylamine or the salts thereof in the presence of an organic salt, which may optionally be produced in situ, wherein the reaction is carried out in an inorganic or organic acid as diluent, and subsequently hydrogenating the resulting vanillyloxime with hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst and an organic and/or inorganic acid.It inhibits microsomal enzyme function; RN given refers to parent cpd Vanillylamine is an aralkylamino compound. It is functionally related to a vanillyl alcohol. It is a conjugate base of a vanillylamine(1+). Vanillylamine is a natural product found in Capsicum annuum with data available. Vanillylamine is a derivative of vanillin is synthesized through a transaminase reaction in the phenylpropanoid pathway of capsaicinoid synthesis[1].

Bombykol

C16H30O (238.2297)

Bombykol, the first insect sex pheromone, is identified as the female-produced sex attractant of the silkworm moth Bombyx mori[1][2][3].

alpha-Bergamotene

C15H24 (204.1878)

Constituent of oils of carrot (Daucus carota), bergamot (Citrus bergamia), also lime (Citrus aurantifolia), citron (Citrus medica) and cottonseed oil (Gossypium hirsutum). alpha-Bergamotene is found in many foods, some of which are fats and oils, sweet basil, sweet orange, and lemon. alpha-Bergamotene is found in carrot. alpha-Bergamotene is a constituent of oils of carrot (Daucus carota), bergamot (Citrus bergamia), also lime (Citrus aurantifolia), citron (Citrus medica) and cottonseed oil (Gossypium hirsutum).

Arcapillin

C18H16O8 (360.0845)

A trihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 4 and 5 and methoxy groups at positions 5, 6 and 7 respectively.

Citreorosein

C15H10O6 (286.0477)

Citreorosein is found in green vegetables. Citreorosein is found in roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese knotweed Found in roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese knotweed)

Cysteinyldopa

C12H16N2O6S (316.0729)

Albaflavenone

C15H22O (218.1671)

A carbotricyclic compound that is (+)-epi-isozizaene in which the hydrogens at position 5 have been replaced by an oxo group.

(+)-Nicotine

C10H14N2 (162.1157)

Chemical Structure of (+)-Nicotine: (+)-Nicotine, also known as d-nicotine, has a complex chemical structure that consists of a pyridine ring with a methyl group at position 3 and a pyrrolidine ring at position 2. The molecular formula of nicotine is C10H14N2. The presence of a nitrogen-containing pyridine ring and a pyrrolidine ring makes nicotine a type of alkaloid. The (+) sign indicates that this is the dextrorotatory isomer, meaning it rotates plane-polarized light to the right. The chemical structure can be described as follows: A six-membered pyridine ring, which is a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle. A methyl group (-CH3) attached to the pyridine ring at the 3-position. A five-membered pyrrolidine ring, which is a saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycle, fused to the pyridine ring at the 2-position. The pyrrolidine ring contains a secondary amine group (-NH-), which is part of the ring structure. Biological Functions of (+)-Nicotine: Neurotransmitter Mimic: (+)-Nicotine acts as an agonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are ligand-gated ion channels found in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. By binding to these receptors, nicotine mimics the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, leading to the release of various neurotransmitters and hormones. Central Nervous System Stimulation: When (+)-nicotine binds to nAChRs in the brain, it can increase the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with reward and pleasure. This effect contributes to the addictive properties of nicotine. Cardiovascular Effects: (+)-Nicotine can have various effects on the cardiovascular system, including increasing heart rate and blood pressure due to the stimulation of nAChRs on adrenergic neurons, which leads to the release of catecholamines (e.g., adrenaline). Metabolic Effects: Nicotine can increase metabolic rate and decrease appetite, which can lead to weight loss in some individuals. Insecticide: (+)-Nicotine has insecticidal properties and has been used historically as a pesticide. It acts by binding to nAChRs in insects, causing paralysis and death. Therapeutic Uses: (+)-Nicotine is used in nicotine replacement therapies (NRT), such as patches, gum, lozenges, and inhalers, to help smokers reduce withdrawal symptoms and quit smoking. It is also being investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Toxicity: At high doses, (+)-nicotine can be toxic, leading to nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and in severe cases, respiratory failure and death due to its paralytic effects on the respiratory center. (+)-Nicotine, also known as nikotin or L-nicotine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrrolidinylpyridines. Pyrrolidinylpyridines are compounds containing a pyrrolidinylpyridine ring system, which consists of a pyrrolidine ring linked to a pyridine ring (+)-Nicotine is a primary metabolite. Primary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically essential metabolites. They are directly involved in an organism’s growth, development or reproduction. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on (+)-Nicotine. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). (+)-nicotine is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically (+)-Nicotine is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.

hexestrol

C18H22O2 (270.162)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D004967 - Estrogens D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4806; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4804 C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4817; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4815 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4774; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4772 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4796; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4794 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4834; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4832 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4799; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4795 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8887; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8882 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8903; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8901 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8923; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8921 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8953; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8951 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8970; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8969 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 826; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8944; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8942

Canadine

C20H21NO4 (339.1471)

Canadine is a berberine alkaloid that is 5,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquino[3,2-a]isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10. It is a berberine alkaloid, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an aromatic ether and an oxacycle. Canadine is a natural product found in Glaucium squamigerum, Hydrastis canadensis, and other organisms with data available. A berberine alkaloid that is 5,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquino[3,2-a]isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10. D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D010975 - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors. Tetrahydroberberine is a different kind of living thing that can be extended and divided into parts. Tetrahydroberberine is a kind of effective D2 receptor antagonistic force. Tetrahydroberberine has the ability to strengthen the stomach and relieve the pressure on the stomach[1][2][3]. Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors.

Isofraxidin

C11H10O5 (222.0528)

Isofraxidin is a hydroxycoumarin. Isofraxidin is a natural product found in Artemisia alba, Artemisia assoana, and other organisms with data available. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2]. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2].

Skimmianine

C14H13NO4 (259.0845)

Skimmianine is an organonitrogen heterocyclic compound, an organic heterotricyclic compound, an oxacycle and an alkaloid antibiotic. Skimmianine is a natural product found in Haplophyllum bucharicum, Haplophyllum cappadocicum, and other organisms with data available. Skimmianine is a furoquinoline alkaloid present mainly in the Rutaceae family, with antispastic, anti-inflammatory activities and antiplatelet aggregation effect. Skimmianine exhibits cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines and genotoxicity[1]. Skimmianine is a furoquinoline alkaloid present mainly in the Rutaceae family, with antispastic, anti-inflammatory activities and antiplatelet aggregation effect. Skimmianine exhibits cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines and genotoxicity[1].

4\\%27,7-Dihydroxyflavone

C15H10O4 (254.0579)

4,7-dihydroxyflavone is a dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4 and 7. It has a role as a metabolite. 7,4-Dihydroxyflavone is a natural product found in Dracaena cinnabari, Thermopsis macrophylla, and other organisms with data available. See also: Glycyrrhiza uralensis Root (part of); Glycyrrhiza inflata root (part of). A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 4 and 7. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor, has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 μM[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor, has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 μM[1].

Dimethyl_phthalate

C10H10O4 (194.0579)

Dimethyl phthalate appears as a water-white liquid without significant odor. Denser than water and insoluble in water. Hence sinks in water. Flash point 300 °F. Eye contact may produce severe irritation and direct skin contact may produce mild irritation. Used in the manufacture of a variety of products including plastics, insect repellents, safety glass, and lacquer coatings. Dimethyl phthalate is a phthalate ester, a diester and a methyl ester. Dimethyl phthalate has many uses, including in solid rocket propellants, plastics, and insect repellants. Acute (short-term) exposure to dimethyl phthalate, via inhalation in humans and animals, results in irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. No information is available on the chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of dimethyl phthalate in humans. Animal studies have reported slight effects on growth and on the kidney from chronic oral exposure to the chemical. EPA has classified dimethyl phthalate as a Group D, not classifiable as to human carcinogencity. Dimethyl phthalate is a natural product found in Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus, Allium ampeloprasum, and other organisms with data available. Dimethyl phthalate is a phthalate ester. Phthalate esters are esters of phthalic acid and are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, childrens toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are hazardous due to their ability to act as endocrine disruptors. They are being phased out of many products in the United States and European Union due to these health concerns. (L1903) P - Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents > P03 - Ectoparasiticides, incl. scabicides, insecticides and repellents > P03B - Insecticides and repellents D010575 - Pesticides > D007302 - Insect Repellents D020011 - Protective Agents D016573 - Agrochemicals D005404 - Fixatives ATC code: P03BX02

6-Hydroxymelatonin

C13H16N2O3 (248.1161)

6-Hydroxymelatonin, also known as lopac-H-0627, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxyindoles. These are organic compounds containing an indole moiety that carries a hydroxyl group. 6-Hydroxymelatonin is considered to be a practically insoluble (in water) and relatively neutral molecule. 6-Hydroxymelatonin has been found in human liver and kidney tissues, and has also been detected in multiple biofluids, such as urine and blood. Within the cell, 6-hydroxymelatonin is primarily located in the cytoplasm. 6-Hydroxymelatonin is the main primary metabolite that can be biosynthesized from melatonin through its interaction with the enzyme cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 (PMID: 11452239). In humans, 6-hydroxymelatonin is involved in the tryptophan metabolism pathway. Melatonin is a hormone that is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2 to its main primary metabolite 6-hydroxymelatonin. (PMID 11452239) [HMDB]. 6-Hydroxymelatonin is found in many foods, some of which are garden onion, millet, peppermint, and apricot. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents 6-Hydroxymelatonin is a primary metabolic of Melatonin, which is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2.

2,3-Butanediol

C4H10O2 (90.0681)

2,3-Butanediol is an isomer of butanediol. The 2R,3R stereoisomer of 2,3-butanediol is produced by a variety of microorganisms, in a process known as butanediol fermentation. 2,3-Butanediol fermentation is the anaerobic fermentation of glucose with 2,3-butanediol as one of the end products. The overall stoichiometry of the reaction is 2 pyruvate + NADH --> 2CO2 + 2,3-butanediol. Butanediol fermentation is typical for Enterobacter species or microbes found in the gut. 2,3-butanediol has been identified in the sera of alcoholics and it may be a specific marker of alcohol abuse (PMID:6139706). In humans, 2,3-butanediol is oxidized to acetyl-CoA via acetoin. 2,3-Butanediol is also found in cocoa butter. 2,3-Butanediol can also be found in Bacillus, Klebsiella and Serratia (PMID:21272631). 2,3-Butanediol is one of the constitutional isomers of butanediol. The 2R,3R stereoisomer of 2,3-butanediol is produced by a variety of microorganisms, in a process known as butanediol fermentation. It is found in cocoa butter and in the roots of Ruta graveolens. (2R,3R)-Butane-2,3-diol is an endogenous metabolite. (2R,3R)-Butane-2,3-diol is an endogenous metabolite. 2,3-Butanediol is a butanediol derived from the bioconversion of natural resources[1]. 2,3-Butanediol is a butanediol derived from the bioconversion of natural resources[1].

Solasodine

C27H43NO2 (413.3294)

Solasodine is a poisonous glycoalkaloid chemical compound that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine is found in many foods, some of which are peppermint, chinese cinnamon, alaska blueberry, and sweet rowanberry. Solasodine is found in eggplant. Solasodine is a poisonous glycoalkaloid chemical compound that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family Solasodine (Purapuridine) is a steroidal alkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. Solasodine (Purapuridine) is a steroidal alkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. Solasodine (Purapuridine) is a steroidal alkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2].

Galactinol

C12H22O11 (342.1162)

Galactinol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as O-glycosyl compounds. These are glycoside in which a sugar group is bonded through one carbon to another group via an O-glycosidic bond. Galactinol is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Galactinol is an intermediate in galactose metabolism. Galactinol is the fourth-to-last step in the synthesis of D-galactose and the third-to-last step in the synthesis of D-glucose and D-fructose. Galactinol is converted from UDP-galactose via the enzyme inositol 3-alpha-galactosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.123). It is then converted into raffinose via the enzyme raffinose synthase (EC 2.4.1.82). Constituent of sugar-beet juice, castor-oil seed meal and potatoes after cold storage

(±)-2-Hydroxy-2-phenylacetonitrile

C8H7NO (133.0528)

(±)-2-Hydroxy-2-phenylacetonitrile, also known as mandelonitrile, alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetonitrile or benzal dehyde cyanohydrin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzene and substituted derivatives. These are aromatic compounds containing one monocyclic ring system consisting of benzene. Mandelonitrile is a chemical compound of the cyanohydrin class. Hydroxy-2-phenylacetonitrile is a potentially toxic compound. The primary mechanism of toxicity for organic nitriles is their production of toxic cyanide ions or hydrogen cyanide. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. (±)-2-Hydroxy-2-phenylacetonitrile has been detected, but not quantified, in fruits. This could make (±)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetonitrile a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. (±)-2- Oxygen therapy can also be administered. Isolated from peach kernels (Prunus persica). (±)-2-Hydroxy-2-phenylacetonitrile is found in fruits.

Quercimeritrin

C21H20O12 (464.0955)

Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1]. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1].

Octadec-9-enoic Acid

C18H34O2 (282.2559)

Octadec-9-enoic Acid, also known as 18:1, N-9 or Delta(9)-Octadecenoic acid, is classified as a member of the Long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Octadec-9-enoic Acid is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and acidic. Octadec-9-enoic Acid can be synthesized from octadec-9-ene. It is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, 1-octadec-9-enoylglycero-3-phosphate, N-(2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-9-octadecenamide, and sterculic acid

(1R,3As,4S,6aS)-1,4-di(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan

C20H18O6 (354.1103)

Constituent of sesame oil. (+)-Sesamin is found in many foods, some of which are ginkgo nuts, sesame, flaxseed, and fats and oils. D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. Sesamin, abundant lignan found in sesame oil, is a potent and selective delta 5 desaturase inhibitor in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Sesamin exerts effective neuroprotection against cerbral ischemia[1][2]. Sesamin, abundant lignan found in sesame oil, is a potent and selective delta 5 desaturase inhibitor in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Sesamin exerts effective neuroprotection against cerbral ischemia[1][2].

(1S,2R,3S,6S,7S,8S)-1,8,9,10,11,11-Hexachlorotetracyclo[6.2.1.13,6.02,7]dodeca-4,9-diene

C12H8Cl6 (361.8757)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Fungizone

C47H73NO17 (923.4878)

pimaricin

C33H47NO13 (665.3047)

4alpha-Phorbol

C20H28O6 (364.1886)

alpha-Eleostearic acid

C18H30O2 (278.2246)

C-Quens

C23H29ClO4 (404.1754)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Chebulagic acid

C41H30O27 (954.0974)

D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D059003 - Topoisomerase Inhibitors > D059004 - Topoisomerase I Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D016859 - Lipoxygenase Inhibitors Chebulagic acid is a COX-LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz, on angiogenesis. Chebulagic acid is a M2 serine to asparagine 31 mutation (S31N) inhibitor and influenza antiviral. Chebulagic acid also against SARS-CoV-2 viral replication with an EC50 of 9.76 μM. Chebulagic acid is a COX-LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz, on angiogenesis. Chebulagic acid is a M2 serine to asparagine 31 mutation (S31N) inhibitor and influenza antiviral. Chebulagic acid also against SARS-CoV-2 viral replication with an EC50 of 9.76 μM. Chebulagic acid is a COX-LOX dual inhibitor isolated from the fruits of Terminalia chebula Retz, on angiogenesis. Chebulagic acid is a M2 serine to asparagine 31 mutation (S31N) inhibitor and influenza antiviral. Chebulagic acid also against SARS-CoV-2 viral replication with an EC50 of 9.76 μM.

Epi-Lipoxin A4

C20H32O5 (352.225)

(Z)-1-Methyl-2-(tridec-8-en-1-yl)quinolin-4(1H)-one

C23H33NO (339.2562)

Methysticin

C15H14O5 (274.0841)

Proscillaridin

C30H42O8 (530.288)

D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors

Solasonine

C45H73NO16 (883.4929)

Solasonine, also known as alpha-solamargine or alpha-solamarine, (3beta,22alpha,25r)-isomer, is a member of the class of compounds known as steroidal saponins. Steroidal saponins are saponins in which the aglycone moiety is a steroid. The steroidal aglycone is usually a spirostane, furostane, spirosolane, solanidane, or curcubitacin derivative. Solasonine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Solasonine can be found in eggplant, which makes solasonine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Solasonine is a poisonous chemical compound. It is a glycoside of solasodine. Solasonine occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasonine was one component of the unsuccessful experimental cancer drug candidate Coramsine . Solasonine is a steroidal glycoalkaloid isolated from Solanum nigrum L.. Solasonine has cytotoxicity to human gastric cancer cells[1]. Solasonine is a steroidal glycoalkaloid isolated from Solanum nigrum L.. Solasonine has cytotoxicity to human gastric cancer cells[1].

Valnemulin

C31H52N2O5S (564.3597)

VINYL CHLORIDE

C2H3Cl (61.9923)

D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens

Gibberellin A24

C20H26O5 (346.178)

Gibberellin a24 is a member of the class of compounds known as c20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin a24 is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a24 can be found in a number of food items such as root vegetables, breadnut tree seed, lime, and carob, which makes gibberellin a24 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins

L-Cysteic acid

C3H7NO5S (169.0045)

Cysteinesulfonic acid, also known as (2r)-2-amino-3-sulfopropanoic acid or 3-sulfoalanine, is a member of the class of compounds known as L-alpha-amino acids. L-alpha-amino acids are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. Cysteinesulfonic acid is soluble (in water) and an extremely strong acidic compound (based on its pKa). Cysteinesulfonic acid can be found in a number of food items such as roman camomile, pili nut, chicory, and garden tomato, which makes cysteinesulfonic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.

Gentisin

C14H10O5 (258.0528)

Gentisin is a member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 7 and a methoxy group at position 3. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a member of xanthones, a polyphenol and an aromatic ether. Gentisin is a natural product found in Pterocarpus santalinus, Gentiana orbicularis, and other organisms with data available. See also: Menyanthes trifoliata leaf (part of). A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 7 and a methoxy group at position 3. Gentisin is found in alcoholic beverages. Gentisin is a pigment from root of Gentiana lutea (yellow gentian

Febrifugine

C16H19N3O3 (301.1426)

Febrifugine is a quinazolinone alkaloid found in the roots and leaves of Dichroa febrifuga, with antimalarial activity [1]. Febrifugine is a quinazolinone alkaloid found in the roots and leaves of Dichroa febrifuga, with antimalarial activity [1].

sesamin

C20H18O6 (354.1103)

D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.233 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.236 Asarinin is a natural product found in Piper mullesua, Machilus thunbergii, and other organisms with data available. (-)-Asarinin is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum austrosinense, Horsfieldia irya, and other organisms with data available. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. (-)-Asarinin is a extract lignan from Asarum sieboldii Miq., mainly produced in roots of this herb[1]. Sesamin, abundant lignan found in sesame oil, is a potent and selective delta 5 desaturase inhibitor in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Sesamin exerts effective neuroprotection against cerbral ischemia[1][2]. Sesamin, abundant lignan found in sesame oil, is a potent and selective delta 5 desaturase inhibitor in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Sesamin exerts effective neuroprotection against cerbral ischemia[1][2].

Solasodine

C27H43NO2 (413.3294)

Solasodine is an oxaspiro compound and steroid alkaloid sapogenin with formula C27H43NO2 found in the Solanum (nightshade) family. It is used as a precursor in the synthesis of complex steroidal compounds such as contraceptive pills. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a teratogenic agent, a diuretic, an antifungal agent, a cardiotonic drug, an immunomodulator, an antipyretic, an apoptosis inducer, an antioxidant, an antiinfective agent, an anticonvulsant, a central nervous system depressant and an antispermatogenic agent. It is an azaspiro compound, an oxaspiro compound, an alkaloid antibiotic, a hemiaminal ether, a sapogenin and a steroid alkaloid. It is a conjugate base of a solasodine(1+). Purapuridine is a natural product found in Solanum hazenii, Solanum americanum, and other organisms with data available. An oxaspiro compound and steroid alkaloid sapogenin with formula C27H43NO2 found in the Solanum (nightshade) family. It is used as a precursor in the synthesis of complex steroidal compounds such as contraceptive pills. Alkaloid from Solanum melanocerasum (garden huckleberry). alpha-Solanigrine is found in fruits. Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Steroidal alkaloids, Solanaceous alkaloids relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.206 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.202 Solasodine (Purapuridine) is a steroidal alkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. Solasodine (Purapuridine) is a steroidal alkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2]. Solasodine (Purapuridine) is a steroidal alkaloid that occurs in plants of the Solanaceae family. Solasodine has neuroprotective, antifungal, hypotensive, anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, antiandrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2].

anthraglycoside B

C21H20O10 (432.1056)

Emodin 8-glucoside is a dihydroxyanthraquinone. Emodin-8-glucoside is a natural product found in Rheum palmatum, Rumex patientia, and other organisms with data available. See also: Reynoutria multiflora root (has part). Emodin-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from medicinal plant Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc, is a potent and noncompetitive bacterial neuraminidase (BNA) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.85 μM[1]. Emodin-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from medicinal plant Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc, is a potent and noncompetitive bacterial neuraminidase (BNA) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.85 μM[1]. Emodin-8-glucoside is an anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera, binds to minor groove of DNA[1]. Emodin-8-glucoside is an anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera, binds to minor groove of DNA[1].

Quercimeritrin

C21H20O12 (464.0955)

Quercetin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside is a quercetin O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 7 of quercetin via a beta-glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and a metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a monosaccharide derivative, a member of flavonols, a tetrahydroxyflavone and a quercetin O-glucoside. Quercimeritrin is a natural product found in Salix atrocinerea, Dendroviguiera sphaerocephala, and other organisms with data available. See also: Chamomile (part of). Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1]. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1].

1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid

C25H24O12 (516.1268)

1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid is an alkyl caffeate ester obtained by the formal condensation of hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 of ()-quinic acid with two molecules of trans-caffeic acid. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a quinic acid and an alkyl caffeate ester. It is functionally related to a trans-caffeic acid and a (-)-quinic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 1,3-dicaffeoylquinate. Cynarine is a natural product found in Saussurea involucrata, Helichrysum italicum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Cynara scolymus leaf (part of). Cynarine is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a biologically active chemical constituent of artichoke. Chemically, it is an ester formed from quinic acid and two units of caffeic acid. 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in cardoon, globe artichoke, and fennel. 1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is found in cardoon. Cynarine is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a biologically active chemical constituent of artichoke. Chemically, it is an ester formed from quinic acid and two units of caffeic acid. (Wikipedia An alkyl caffeate ester obtained by the formal condensation of hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 of ()-quinic acid with two molecules of trans-caffeic acid. C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C66913 - Cholagogues or Choleretic Agents D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002756 - Cholagogues and Choleretics 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative that exhibits antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity. 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative that exhibits antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity. 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid is a caffeoylquinic acid derivative that exhibits antioxidant activity and radical scavenging activity. Cynarin is an antichoke agent with a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities. Cynarin is an antichoke agent with a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, antihistamic and antiviral activities.

Chebulinic_acid

C41H32O27 (956.1131)

2-[(4R,5S,7R,8R,11S,12S,13R,21S)-13,17,18-trihydroxy-2,10,14-trioxo-5,21-bis[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]-7-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxymethyl]-3,6,9,15-tetraoxatetracyclo[10.7.1.14,8.016,20]henicosa-1(19),16(20),17-trien-11-yl]acetic acid is a natural product found in Terminalia chebula with data available. See also: Terminalia chebula fruit (part of).

alpha-Bergamotene

C15H24 (204.1878)

A sesquiterpene consisting of a bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene skeleton substituted at positions 2 and 6 by methyl groups and at position 6 by a 4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl group.

Emodin 8-glucoside

C21H20O10 (432.1056)

Emodin-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from medicinal plant Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc, is a potent and noncompetitive bacterial neuraminidase (BNA) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.85 μM[1]. Emodin-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from medicinal plant Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc, is a potent and noncompetitive bacterial neuraminidase (BNA) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.85 μM[1]. Emodin-8-glucoside is an anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera, binds to minor groove of DNA[1]. Emodin-8-glucoside is an anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera, binds to minor groove of DNA[1].

4,7-Dihydroxyflavone

C15H10O4 (254.0579)

7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor, has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 μM[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor, has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 μM[1].

Pinoquercetin

C16H12O7 (316.0583)

A pentahydroxyflavone that is quercetin substituted by a methyl group at position 6.

sulfurein

C15H10O5 (270.0528)

Sulfuretin is a member of 1-benzofurans. Sulfuretin is a natural product found in Calanticaria bicolor, Dipteryx lacunifera, and other organisms with data available. Sulfuretin inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Sulfuretin can be used for the research of allergic airway inflammation. Sulfuretin reduces oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, and mutagenesis[1]. Sulfuretin is a competitive and potent inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase activities with the IC50 of 13.64 μM[2]. Sulfuretin inhibits the inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB pathway. Sulfuretin can be used for the research of allergic airway inflammation. Sulfuretin reduces oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, and mutagenesis[1]. Sulfuretin is a competitive and potent inhibitor of monophenolase and diphenolase activities with the IC50 of 13.64 μM[2].

Mesaconic acid

C5H6O4 (130.0266)

A dicarboxylic acid consisting of fumaric acid having a methyl substituent at the 2-position. D003879 - Dermatologic Agents

Fucosterol

C29H48O (412.3705)

A 3beta-sterol consisting of stigmastan-3beta-ol with double bonds at positions 5 and 24(28). (3b,5a,24(28)e)-stigmasta-7,24(28)-dien-3-ol belongs to stigmastanes and derivatives class of compounds. Those are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24 (3b,5a,24(28)e)-stigmasta-7,24(28)-dien-3-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). (3b,5a,24(28)e)-stigmasta-7,24(28)-dien-3-ol can be found in horseradish tree and sunflower, which makes (3b,5a,24(28)e)-stigmasta-7,24(28)-dien-3-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research[1]. Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research[1].

Allocryptopine

C21H23NO5 (369.1576)

Allocryptopine is a dibenzazecine alkaloid, an organic heterotetracyclic compound, a tertiary amino compound, a cyclic ketone, a cyclic acetal and an aromatic ether. Allocryptopine is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum beecheyanum, Berberis integerrima, and other organisms with data available. See also: Sanguinaria canadensis root (part of). IPB_RECORD: 788; CONFIDENCE confident structure Allocryptopine, a derivative of tetrahydropalmatine, is extracted from Macleaya cordata (Thunb.) Pers. Papaveraceae. Allocryptopine has antiarrhythmic effects and potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current[1][2]. Allocryptopine, a derivative of tetrahydropalmatine, is extracted from Macleaya cordata (Thunb.) Pers. Papaveraceae. Allocryptopine has antiarrhythmic effects and potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current[1][2].

Gibberellin A19

C20H26O6 (362.1729)

D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins A C20-gibberellin.

anonaine

C17H15NO2 (265.1103)

An aporphine alkaloid that exhibits anti-cancer, trypanocidal and antiplasmodial activites.

Syringaresinol

C22H26O8 (418.1628)

(+)-syringaresinol is the (7alpha,7alpha,8alpha,8alpha)-stereoisomer of syringaresinol. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent. It is an enantiomer of a (-)-syringaresinol. (+)-Syringaresinol is a natural product found in Dracaena draco, Diospyros eriantha, and other organisms with data available. See also: Acai fruit pulp (part of). The (7alpha,7alpha,8alpha,8alpha)-stereoisomer of syringaresinol.

3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid

C9H10O4 (182.0579)

3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid, also known as dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA), is a metabolite product of the hydrogenation of caffeoylquinic acids, occurring in normal human biofluids, with potent antioxidant properties. DHCA has been detected in human plasma following coffee ingestion (PMID: 15607645) and is increased with some dietary sources, such as after ingestion of phenolic constituents of artichoke leaf extract (PMID: 15693705). Polyphenol-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits have been shown to significantly improve platelet function in ex vivo studies in humans (PMID: 16038718). Its antioxidant activity has been tested to reduce ferric iron in the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and it has been suggested that its catechol structure conveys the antioxidant effect in plasma and in erythrocytes (PMID: 11768243). 3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid is a microbial metabolite found in Bifidobacterium, Escherichia, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium (PMID: 28393285). 3,4-Dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (or Dihydrocaffeic acid, DHCA) is a metabolite product of the hydrogenation of caffeoylquinic acids, occurring in normal human biofluids, with potent antioxidant properties. DHCA has been detected in human plasma following coffee ingestion (PMID 15607645), and is increased with some dietary sources, such as after ingestion of phenolic constituents of artichoke leaf extract. (PMID 15693705) Polyphenol-rich foods such as vegetables and fruits have been shown to significantly improve platelet function in ex vivo studies in humans. (PMID 16038718) Its antioxidant activity has been tested to reduce ferric iron in the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and it has been suggested that its catechol structure convey the antioxidant effect in plasma and in erythrocytes. (PMID 11768243) [HMDB]. 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid is found in red beetroot, common beet, and olive. 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid is a monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropionic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4. Also known as dihydrocaffeic acid, it is a metabolite of caffeic acid and exhibits antioxidant activity. It has a role as an antioxidant and a human xenobiotic metabolite. It is functionally related to a 3-phenylpropionic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate. 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid is a natural product found in Liatris elegans, Polyscias murrayi, and other organisms with data available. Dihydrocaffeic acid is a microbial metabolite of flavonoids, reduces phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and prevent UVB-induced skin damage. Antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Dihydrocaffeic acid is a microbial metabolite of flavonoids, reduces phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and prevent UVB-induced skin damage. Antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory activity[1].

Mulberrofuran_G

C34H26O8 (562.1628)

1-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-17-(6-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-2-yl)-11-methyl-2,20-dioxapentacyclo[11.7.1.03,8.09,21.014,19]henicosa-3(8),4,6,11,14,16,18-heptaene-5,15-diol is a natural product found in Morus lhou, Morus alba, and Broussonetia with data available. Mulberrofuran G protects ischemic injury-induced cell death via inhibition of NOX4-mediated ROS generation and ER stress[1]. Mulberrofuran G shows moderate inhibiting activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication with IC50 of 3.99 μM[2]. Mulberrofuran G protects ischemic injury-induced cell death via inhibition of NOX4-mediated ROS generation and ER stress[1]. Mulberrofuran G shows moderate inhibiting activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication with IC50 of 3.99 μM[2]. Mulberrofuran G protects ischemic injury-induced cell death via inhibition of NOX4-mediated ROS generation and ER stress[1]. Mulberrofuran G shows moderate inhibiting activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication with IC50 of 3.99 μM[2].

75O1TFF47Z

C24H34O6 (418.2355)

Phyllanthin is a lignan. Phyllanthin is a natural product found in Phyllanthus debilis, Phyllanthus amarus, and other organisms with data available. See also: Phyllanthus amarus top (part of). Phyllanthin is a major bioactive lignan component of Phyllanthus amarus. Phyllanthin exhibits high antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties[1]. Phyllanthin is a major bioactive lignan component of Phyllanthus amarus. Phyllanthin exhibits high antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties[1].

7-Hydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

C15H10O3 (238.063)

7-hydroxyflavone is a hydroxyflavonoid in which the flavone nucleus is substituted at position 7 by a hydroxy group. 7-Hydroxyflavone is a natural product found in Lawsonia inermis, Berberis dictyota, and other organisms with data available. 7-Hydroxyflavone is a flavonoid isolated from Clerodendrum phlomidis, with anti-inflammatory activity. 7-Hydroxyflavone protects renal cells from nicotine (NIC)-associated cytotoxicity via the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway[1][2]. 7-Hydroxyflavone is a flavonoid isolated from Clerodendrum phlomidis, with anti-inflammatory activity. 7-Hydroxyflavone protects renal cells from nicotine (NIC)-associated cytotoxicity via the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway[1][2]. 7-Hydroxyflavone. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=6665-86-7 (retrieved 2024-10-18) (CAS RN: 6665-86-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Citronellol

C10H20O (156.1514)

Citronellol is a monoterpenoid that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7. It has a role as a plant metabolite. Citronellol is a natural product found in Xylopia aromatica, Eupatorium cannabinum, and other organisms with data available. 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. See also: Java citronella oil (part of). A monoterpenoid that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1]. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1].

2-AMINOBENZIMIDAZOLE

C7H7N3 (133.064)

A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is benzimidazole in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by an amino group. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2240 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2003

Cyproconazole

C15H18ClN3O (291.1138)

D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 86

carisoprodol

C12H24N2O4 (260.1736)

M - Musculo-skeletal system > M03 - Muscle relaxants > M03B - Muscle relaxants, centrally acting agents > M03BA - Carbamic acid esters D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents C78281 - Agent Affecting Musculoskeletal System > C29696 - Muscle Relaxant D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3327

oxaprozin

C18H15NO3 (293.1052)

M - Musculo-skeletal system > M01 - Antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products > M01A - Antiinflammatory and antirheumatic products, non-steroids > M01AE - Propionic acid derivatives D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents > D000894 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal > D016861 - Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C241 - Analgesic Agent > C2198 - Nonnarcotic Analgesic D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1323 - Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Oxaprozin is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor, with IC50 values of 2.2 μM for human platelet COX-1 and and 36 μM for IL-1-stimulated human synovial cell COX-2, respectively. Oxaprozin also inhibits the activation of NF-κB. Oxaprozin induces cell apoptosis. Oxaprozin shows anti-inflammatory activity. Oxaprozin-mediated inhibition of the Akt/IKK/NF-κB pathway contributes to its anti-inflammatory properties[1][2].

Isofraxidin

C11H10O5 (222.0528)

Annotation level-1 Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2]. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2].

Skimmianine

C14H13NO4 (259.0845)

Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Alkaloids derived from anthranilic acid, Quinoline alkaloids relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.053 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.048 Skimmianine is a furoquinoline alkaloid present mainly in the Rutaceae family, with antispastic, anti-inflammatory activities and antiplatelet aggregation effect. Skimmianine exhibits cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines and genotoxicity[1]. Skimmianine is a furoquinoline alkaloid present mainly in the Rutaceae family, with antispastic, anti-inflammatory activities and antiplatelet aggregation effect. Skimmianine exhibits cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines and genotoxicity[1].

isosafrole

C10H10O2 (162.0681)

relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.089

Xanthosine

C10H12N4O6 (284.0757)

A purine nucleoside in which xanthine is attached to ribofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.057 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.056 Xanthosine is a nucleoside derived from xanthine and ribose. Xanthosine can increase mammary stem cell population and milk production in cattle and goats[1]. Xanthosine is a nucleoside derived from xanthine and ribose. Xanthosine can increase mammary stem cell population and milk production in cattle and goats[1]. Xanthosine is a nucleoside derived from xanthine and ribose. Xanthosine can increase mammary stem cell population and milk production in cattle and goats[1].

perphenazine

C21H26ClN3OS (403.1485)

N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05A - Antipsychotics > N05AB - Phenothiazines with piperazine structure D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018492 - Dopamine Antagonists D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29710 - Antipsychotic Agent Perphenazine is an orally active dopamine receptor and histamine-1 receptor antagonist, with Ki values of 0.56 nM (D2), 0.43 nM (D3), 6 nM (5-HT2A), respectively. Perphenazine also binds to Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor. Perphenazine inhibits cancer cell proliferation, and induces apoptosis. Perphenazine can be used in the research of mental disease, cancer, inflammation[1][3][5].

methazolamide

C5H8N4O3S2 (236.0038)

S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01E - Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics > S01EC - Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D002257 - Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C29577 - Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D045283 - Natriuretic Agents C78275 - Agent Affecting Blood or Body Fluid > C448 - Diuretic D045283 - Natriuretic Agents > D004232 - Diuretics

Gatifloxacin

C19H22FN3O4 (375.1594)

A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes. J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J01 - Antibacterials for systemic use > J01M - Quinolone antibacterials > J01MA - Fluoroquinolones D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D059003 - Topoisomerase Inhibitors > D059005 - Topoisomerase II Inhibitors S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01A - Antiinfectives > S01AE - Fluoroquinolones D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D024841 - Fluoroquinolones C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic > C795 - Quinolone Antibiotic D019999 - Pharmaceutical Solutions > D009883 - Ophthalmic Solutions D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors

prilocaine

C13H20N2O (220.1576)

D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01B - Anesthetics, local > N01BB - Amides D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent

chromomycin a3

C57H82O26 (1182.5094)

D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents > D049408 - Luminescent Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D000903 - Antibiotics, Antineoplastic > D002865 - Chromomycins D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors D004396 - Coloring Agents > D005456 - Fluorescent Dyes C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C259 - Antineoplastic Antibiotic C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C2842 - DNA Binding Agent

METHYLGUANIDINE

C2H7N3 (73.064)

A guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a methyl group.

dethiobiotin

C10H18N2O3 (214.1317)

A hexanoic acid having a 5-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-4-yl group at the 6-position. D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D050258 - Mitosis Modulators > D008934 - Mitogens D-Desthiobiotin is a biotin derivative used in affinity chromatography and protein chromatography. D-Desthiobiotin also can be used for protein and cell labeling, detection and isolation[1].

RGX-202

C4H9N3O2 (131.0695)

C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C177430 - Agent Targeting Cancer Metabolism

S-Sulfocysteine

C3H7NO5S2 (200.9766)

2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

C8H8O3 (152.0473)

COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is a potential biomarker for the food products, and found to be associated with phenylketonuria (PKU). 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is a potential biomarker for the food products, and found to be associated with phenylketonuria (PKU). D-(-)-Mandelic acid is a natural compound isolated from bitter almonds. D-(-)-Mandelic acid is a natural compound isolated from bitter almonds.

Cafestol

C20H28O3 (316.2038)

Cafestol is an organic heteropentacyclic compound and furan diterpenoid with formula C20H28O3 obtained from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee oil (a lipid fraction obtained from coffee beans by organic solvent extraction). It has a role as a plant metabolite, an apoptosis inducer, a hypoglycemic agent, an angiogenesis inhibitor, an antineoplastic agent, an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is an organic heteropentacyclic compound, a tertiary alcohol, a diterpenoid, a member of furans and a primary alcohol. Cafestol is a natural product found in Coffea arabica, Diplospora dubia, and other organisms with data available. An organic heteropentacyclic compound and furan diterpenoid with formula C20H28O3 obtained from the unsaponifiable fraction of coffee oil (a lipid fraction obtained from coffee beans by organic solvent extraction). Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1]. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1]. Cafestol, one of the major components of coffee, is a coffee-specific diterpene from. Cafestol is a ERK inhibitor for AP-1-targeted activity against PGE2 production and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Cafestol has strong inhibitory activity on PGE2 production by suppressing the NF-kB activation pathway. Cafestol contributes to its beneficial effects through various biological activities such as chemopreventive, antitumorigenic, hepatoprotective, antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects[1].

Abietin

C16H22O8 (342.1315)

Coniferin (Laricin) is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. Coniferin inhibits fungal growth and melanization[1]. Coniferin (Laricin) is a glucoside of coniferyl alcohol. Coniferin inhibits fungal growth and melanization[1].

2-hydroxyestrone

C18H22O3 (286.1569)

C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones A 2-hydroxy steroid that is estrone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. D020011 - Protective Agents > D016588 - Anticarcinogenic Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

hydroorotic acid

C5H6N2O4 (158.0328)

L-Octanoylcarnitine

C15H29NO4 (287.2096)

L-Octanoylcarnitine is a plasma metabolite and a physiologically active form of octanoylcarnitine. L-Octanoylcarnitine can be used for the research of breast cancer[1][2][3].

o-cresol

C7H8O (108.0575)

A cresol that is phenol substituted by a methyl group at position 2. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene.

Carbocysteine

C5H9NO4S (179.0252)

R - Respiratory system > R05 - Cough and cold preparations > R05C - Expectorants, excl. combinations with cough suppressants > R05CB - Mucolytics C78273 - Agent Affecting Respiratory System > C74536 - Mucolytic Agent D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D005100 - Expectorants D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents

Dioctyl phthalate

C24H38O4 (390.277)

D010968 - Plasticizers

methyltestosterone

C20H30O2 (302.2246)

G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03E - Androgens and female sex hormones in combination > G03EK - Androgens and female sex hormones in combination with other drugs G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03B - Androgens > G03BA - 3-oxoandrosten (4) derivatives D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D045930 - Anabolic Agents C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

prochlorperazine

C20H24ClN3S (373.1379)

N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05A - Antipsychotics > N05AB - Phenothiazines with piperazine structure D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018492 - Dopamine Antagonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C267 - Antiemetic Agent > C740 - Phenothiazine D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D000932 - Antiemetics

Zaleplon

C17H15N5O (305.1277)

D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives > N05CF - Benzodiazepine related drugs D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018682 - GABA Agents > D018757 - GABA Modulators C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000927 - Anticonvulsants

2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde

C7H6O3 (138.0317)

A dihydroxybenzaldehyde carrying hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 5. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde (Gentisaldehyde) is a naturally occurring antimicrobial that inhibits the growth of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde is active against S. aureus strains with a MIC50 of 500 mg/L[1][2].

N-Acetylhistamine

C7H11N3O (153.0902)

A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide comprising histamine having an acetyl group attached to the side-chain amino function. N-Acetylhistamine is a histamine metabolite. N-acetylhistamine can be used as a potential biomarker of histidine metabolism for anaphylactoid reactions. N-Acetylhistamine is a histamine metabolite. N-acetylhistamine can be used as a potential biomarker of histidine metabolism for anaphylactoid reactions.

phentermine

C10H15N (149.1204)

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A08 - Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products > A08A - Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products > A08AA - Centrally acting antiobesity products D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D013566 - Sympathomimetics D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000697 - Central Nervous System Stimulants D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents D019440 - Anti-Obesity Agents > D001067 - Appetite Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29728 - Anorexiant CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu); Flow Injection CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); HBM4EU - science and policy for a healthy future (https://www.hbm4eu.eu)

Methysticin

C15H14O5 (274.0841)

Methysticin is a member of 2-pyranones and an aromatic ether. Methysticin is a natural product found in Piper methysticum and Piper majusculum with data available. See also: Piper methysticum root (part of). Methylsticin is a kavalactone isolated from the Piper methysticum . Methylsticin exhibit osteoclast formation inhibitory activity[1]. Methylsticin is a kavalactone isolated from the Piper methysticum . Methylsticin exhibit osteoclast formation inhibitory activity[1].

Skatole

C9H9N (131.0735)

A methylindole carrying a methyl substituent at position 3. It is produced during the anoxic metabolism of L-tryptophan in the mammalian digestive tract. Skatole is produced by intestinal bacteria, regulates intestinal epithelial cellular functions through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors and p38[1]. Skatole is produced by intestinal bacteria, regulates intestinal epithelial cellular functions through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors and p38[1].

Azamethiphos

C9H10ClN2O5PS (323.9737)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents

cyclothiazide

C14H16ClN3O4S2 (389.0271)

C - Cardiovascular system > C03 - Diuretics > C03A - Low-ceiling diuretics, thiazides > C03AA - Thiazides, plain C78275 - Agent Affecting Blood or Body Fluid > C448 - Diuretic > C49185 - Thiazide Diuretic D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D045283 - Natriuretic Agents D045283 - Natriuretic Agents > D004232 - Diuretics Same as: D01256 Cyclothiazide, a positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors, is used frequently to block the desensitization of both native and heterologously expressed AMPA receptors. Cyclothiazide is known to produce a fast inhibition of AMPA receptor desensitization and a much slower potentiation of the AMPA current[1].

bepridil

C24H34N2O (366.2671)

C - Cardiovascular system > C08 - Calcium channel blockers > C08E - Non-selective calcium channel blockers > C08EA - Phenylalkylamine derivatives C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent > C333 - Calcium Channel Blocker D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators C93038 - Cation Channel Blocker

BENDROFLUMETHIAZIDE

C15H14F3N3O4S2 (421.0378)

C - Cardiovascular system > C03 - Diuretics > C03A - Low-ceiling diuretics, thiazides > C03AA - Thiazides, plain D045283 - Natriuretic Agents > D004232 - Diuretics > D049993 - Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors C78275 - Agent Affecting Blood or Body Fluid > C448 - Diuretic > C49185 - Thiazide Diuretic D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D045283 - Natriuretic Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators

promethazine

C17H20N2S (284.1347)

D - Dermatologicals > D04 - Antipruritics, incl. antihistamines, anesthetics, etc. > D04A - Antipruritics, incl. antihistamines, anesthetics, etc. > D04AA - Antihistamines for topical use R - Respiratory system > R06 - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06A - Antihistamines for systemic use > R06AD - Phenothiazine derivatives D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D006633 - Histamine Antagonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C267 - Antiemetic Agent > C740 - Phenothiazine D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics D018926 - Anti-Allergic Agents

hydroxyzine

C21H27ClN2O2 (374.1761)

N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05B - Anxiolytics > N05BB - Diphenylmethane derivatives D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D006633 - Histamine Antagonists C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C29578 - Histamine-1 Receptor Antagonist D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics Hydroxyzine, a benzodiazepine antihistamine agent, acts as an orally active histamine?H1-receptor and serotonin antagonist. Hydroxyzine has anxiolytic effect and can be used for the research of generalised anxiety disorder[1].

ethylmorphine

C19H23NO3 (313.1678)

R - Respiratory system > R05 - Cough and cold preparations > R05D - Cough suppressants, excl. combinations with expectorants > R05DA - Opium alkaloids and derivatives D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics > D053610 - Opiate Alkaloids D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C67413 - Opioid Receptor Agonist D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D000996 - Antitussive Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals

Citreorosein

C15H10O6 (286.0477)

Fagarine I

C21H23NO5 (369.1576)

Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Isoquinoline alkaloids, Morphine alkaloids, Cryptopine alkaloids Allocryptopine, a derivative of tetrahydropalmatine, is extracted from Macleaya cordata (Thunb.) Pers. Papaveraceae. Allocryptopine has antiarrhythmic effects and potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current[1][2]. Allocryptopine, a derivative of tetrahydropalmatine, is extracted from Macleaya cordata (Thunb.) Pers. Papaveraceae. Allocryptopine has antiarrhythmic effects and potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current[1][2].

Lactucin

C15H16O5 (276.0998)

An azulenofuran that is 3-methylidene-3,3a,4,5,9a,9b-hexahydroazuleno[4,5-b]furan-2,7-dione carrying additional hydroxy, methyl and hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4, 6 and 9 respectively (the 3aR,4S,9aS,9bR-diastereomer). Found in chicory.

Lumichrome

C12H10N4O2 (242.0804)

A compound showing blue fluorescence, formed by a photolysis of riboflavin in acid or neutral solution. Lumichrome, a photodegradation product of Riboflavin, is an endogenous compound in humans. Lumichrome inhibits human lung cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis via a p53-dependent mechanism[1][2].

2-Mercaptobenzothiazole

C7H5NS2 (166.9863)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an endogenous metabolite. 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an endogenous metabolite.

Penconazole

C13H15Cl2N3 (283.0643)

D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides

CARBOXIN

C12H13NO2S (235.0667)

D016573 - Agrochemicals D010575 - Pesticides Carboxin (Carboxine) is a systemic agricultural fungicide and seed protectant.

safrole

C10H10O2 (162.0681)

A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole which is substituted by an allyl group at position 5. It is found in several plants, including black pepper, cinnamon and nutmeg, and is present in several essential oils, notably that of sassafras. It has insecticidal properties and has been used as a topical antiseptic. Although not thought to pose a significant carcinogenic risk to humans, findings of weak carcinogenicity in rats have resulted in the banning of its (previously widespread) use in perfumes and soaps, and as a food additive.

Maackiain

C16H12O5 (284.0685)

Widespread in the Leguminosae subfamily. Constituent of Trifolium pratense (red clover). (-)-Maackiain is found in many foods, some of which are nectarine, chickpea, alaska blueberry, and adzuki bean. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1]. (-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts[1].

CHOLESTERYL LINOLEATE

C45H76O2 (648.5845)

Cholesteryl linoleate is shown to be the major cholesteryl ester contained in LDL and atherosclerotic lesions.

D-D 92

C3H4Cl2 (109.969)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Cephrol

C10H20O (156.1514)

Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1]. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1].

FA 10:1

C10H18O2 (170.1307)

A monounsaturated fatty acid that is oct-6-enoic acid carrying methyl groups at positions 3 and 7.

lipoxin B4

C20H32O5 (352.225)

A C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (14R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (6E)- (8Z)-, (10E)- and (12E)-double bonds. D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents

5,6-DHET

C20H34O4 (338.2457)

A DHET obtained by formal dihydroxylation across the 5,6-double bond of arachidonic acid.

Heptanal

C7H14O (114.1045)

Dephospho-CoA

C21H35N7O13P2S (687.1489)

ST 27:1;O3

C27H46O3 (418.3447)

7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-OHC) is a potent and selective agonist and endogenous ligand of the orphan GPCR receptor EBI2 (GPR183). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol is highly potent at activating EBI2 (EC50=140 pM; Kd=450 pM). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol can serve as a chemokine directing migration of B cells, T cells and dendritic cells[1][2].

ST 18:4;O3

C18H22O3 (286.1569)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C483 - Therapeutic Estrogen D020011 - Protective Agents > D016588 - Anticarcinogenic Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents 4-Hydroxyestrone (4-OHE1), an estrone metabolite, has strong neuroprotective effect against oxidative neurotoxicity. 4-Hydroxyestrone increases cytoplasmic translocation of p53 resulting from SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p53. 4-Hydroxyestrone has little estrogenic activity[1].

ST 21:3;O4

C21H30O4 (346.2144)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

ST 21:2;O2

C21H32O2 (316.2402)

D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D011372 - Progestins 5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione is the endogenous progesterone metabolite.

Gibberellin A53

C20H28O5 (348.1937)

A C20-gibberellin, initially identified in Vicia faba, that is gibberellin A12 in which a hydroxy substituent is present at the 7alpha- position.

Coenzyme Q6

C39H58O4 (590.4335)

DNDS

C14H10N2O10S2 (429.9777)

(-)-Cytisine

C11H14N2O (190.1106)

2-(6-Aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol

C10H13N5O4 (267.0967)

Ethyl 1-(1-phenylethyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate

C14H16N2O2 (244.1212)

Benzo[b]fluoranthene

C20H12 (252.0939)

chlorpropham

C10H12ClNO2 (213.0557)

D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Hexobarbital

C12H16N2O3 (236.1161)

D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives > N05CA - Barbiturates, plain N - Nervous system > N01 - Anesthetics > N01A - Anesthetics, general > N01AF - Barbiturates, plain C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic > C67084 - Barbiturate D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018682 - GABA Agents > D018757 - GABA Modulators

Citronellic acid

C10H18O2 (170.1307)

2-Nitrochlorobenzene

C6H4ClNO2 (156.9931)

3-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid

C11H8O3 (188.0473)

TEMOPORFIN

C44H32N4O4 (680.2423)

L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L01 - Antineoplastic agents > L01X - Other antineoplastic agents > L01XD - Sensitizers used in photodynamic/radiation therapy D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents C1420 - Photosensitizing Agent D003879 - Dermatologic Agents

γ-Fagarine

C13H11NO3 (229.0739)

Vanillylamine

C8H11NO2 (153.079)

Vanillylamine is a derivative of vanillin is synthesized through a transaminase reaction in the phenylpropanoid pathway of capsaicinoid synthesis[1].

HR 810

C22H22N6O5S2 (514.1093)

J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J01 - Antibacterials for systemic use > J01D - Other beta-lactam antibacterials > J01DE - Fourth-generation cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D002511 - Cephalosporins D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D047090 - beta-Lactams D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D007769 - Lactams C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic > C260 - Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Same as: D07649

Atractylenolide I

C15H18O2 (230.1307)

Atractylenolide I is a sesquiterpene derived from the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala, possesses diverse bioactivities, such as neuroprotective, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Atractylenolide I reduces protein levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3 in A375 cells, and acts as a TLR4-antagonizing agent. Atractylenolide I is a sesquiterpene derived from the rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala, possesses diverse bioactivities, such as neuroprotective, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Atractylenolide I reduces protein levels of phosphorylated JAK2 and STAT3 in A375 cells, and acts as a TLR4-antagonizing agent.

Atractylodin

C13H10O (182.0732)

Atractylodin (Atractydin) is an active component of the essential oil contained in the rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea and A. chinensis. Atractylodin is natural insecticide and is active against Tribolium castaneum[1][2]. Atractylodin is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups. Atractylodin (Atractydin) is an active component of the essential oil contained in the rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea and A. chinensis. Atractylodin is natural insecticide and is active against Tribolium castaneum[1][2]. Atractylodin is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.

Safrol

C10H10O2 (162.0681)

AIDS-224739

C14H12O3 (228.0786)

Desmethoxyyangonin is one of the six major kavalactones found in the Piper methysticum (kava) plant; reversible inhibitor of MAO-B. Desmethoxyyangonin is one of the six major kavalactones found in the Piper methysticum (kava) plant; reversible inhibitor of MAO-B.

Zingiberene

C15H24 (204.1878)

Zingiberene is 2-Methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene in which a hydrogen at the 5 position is substituted (R configuration) by a 6-methyl-hept-5-en-2-yl group (S configuration). It is a sesquiterpene found in the dried rhizomes of Indonesian ginger, Zingiber officinale. It is a sesquiterpene and a cyclohexadiene. It is an enantiomer of an ent-zingiberene. Zingiberene is a natural product found in Chaerophyllum azoricum, Helichrysum odoratissimum, and other organisms with data available.

Estan

C20H30O2 (302.2246)

G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03E - Androgens and female sex hormones in combination > G03EK - Androgens and female sex hormones in combination with other drugs G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G03 - Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system > G03B - Androgens > G03BA - 3-oxoandrosten (4) derivatives D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D045930 - Anabolic Agents C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

CHEBI:18450

C8H7NO (133.0528)

Glucofrangulin

C21H20O10 (432.1056)

Emodin-8-glucoside is an anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera, binds to minor groove of DNA[1]. Emodin-8-glucoside is an anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera, binds to minor groove of DNA[1].

Devoton

C3H6O2 (74.0368)

Dinopol NOP

C24H38O4 (390.277)

D010968 - Plasticizers

50333-13-6

C15H15NO2 (241.1103)

N-Methylflindersine is a compound isolated as insect antifeedants from the East African Rutaceous medicinal plants Fagara chalybea and F. holtziana[1]. N-Methylflindersine is a compound isolated as insect antifeedants from the East African Rutaceous medicinal plants Fagara chalybea and F. holtziana[1].

Skimmianin

C14H13NO4 (259.0845)

Skimmianine is a furoquinoline alkaloid present mainly in the Rutaceae family, with antispastic, anti-inflammatory activities and antiplatelet aggregation effect. Skimmianine exhibits cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines and genotoxicity[1]. Skimmianine is a furoquinoline alkaloid present mainly in the Rutaceae family, with antispastic, anti-inflammatory activities and antiplatelet aggregation effect. Skimmianine exhibits cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines and genotoxicity[1].

Fagarine

C13H11NO3 (229.0739)

HYKOP

C9H10O4 (182.0579)

Dihydrocaffeic acid is a microbial metabolite of flavonoids, reduces phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and prevent UVB-induced skin damage. Antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Dihydrocaffeic acid is a microbial metabolite of flavonoids, reduces phosphorylation of MAPK p38 and prevent UVB-induced skin damage. Antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory activity[1].

Gentisin

C14H10O5 (258.0528)

2196-14-7

C15H10O4 (254.0579)

7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor, has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 μM[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) is a flavonoid isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, the eotaxin/CCL11 inhibitor, has the ability to consistently suppress eotaxin production and prevent dexamethasone (Dex)‐paradoxical adverse effects on eotaxin production[1]. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) inhibits MUC5AC gene expression, mucus production and secretion via regulation of NF-κB, STAT6 and HDAC2. 7,4'-Dihydroxyflavone (7,4'-DHF) decreases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cell MUC5AC gene expression and mucus production with IC50 value of 1.4 μM[1].

Amide C18

C18H37NO (283.2875)

Stearamide is a primary fatty acid amide. Stearamide displays cytotoxic and ichthytoxic activity[1].

480-66-0

C8H8O4 (168.0423)

Phloracetophenone (2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone) is the aglycone part of acetophenone glycoside obtained from Curcuma comosa Roxb, with cholesterol-lowering activity. Phloracetophenone enhances cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity[1]. Phloracetophenone stimulats bile secretion mediated through Mrp2[2]. Phloracetophenone (2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone) is the aglycone part of acetophenone glycoside obtained from Curcuma comosa Roxb, with cholesterol-lowering activity. Phloracetophenone enhances cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity[1]. Phloracetophenone stimulats bile secretion mediated through Mrp2[2].

CPD-109

C7H8O (108.0575)

Ayapanin

C10H8O3 (176.0473)

Herniarin is a natural coumarin occurs in some flowering plants, with antitumor effect. Herniarin is a natural coumarin occurs in some flowering plants, with antitumor effect.

93-03-8

C9H12O3 (168.0786)

Veratryl alcohol (3,4-Dimethoxybenzenemethanol), a secondary metabolite of some lignin degrading fungi, is commonly used nonphenolic substrate for assaying ligninolytic activity[1][2]. Veratryl alcohol (3,4-Dimethoxybenzenemethanol), a secondary metabolite of some lignin degrading fungi, is commonly used nonphenolic substrate for assaying ligninolytic activity[1][2].

Mipax

C10H10O4 (194.0579)

P - Antiparasitic products, insecticides and repellents > P03 - Ectoparasiticides, incl. scabicides, insecticides and repellents > P03B - Insecticides and repellents D010575 - Pesticides > D007302 - Insect Repellents D020011 - Protective Agents D016573 - Agrochemicals D005404 - Fixatives

Phytodolor

C11H10O5 (222.0528)

Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2]. Isofraxidin, a coumarin component from Acanthopanax senticosus, inhibits MMP-7 expression and cell invasion of human hepatoma cells. Isofraxidin inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in hepatoma cells[1]. Isofraxidin attenuates the expression of iNOS and COX-2, Isofraxidinalso inhibits TLR4/myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2) complex formation[2].

614-75-5

C8H8O3 (152.0473)

COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is a potential biomarker for the food products, and found to be associated with phenylketonuria (PKU). 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is a potential biomarker for the food products, and found to be associated with phenylketonuria (PKU).

Mesaconate

C5H6O4 (130.0266)

D003879 - Dermatologic Agents

Stilon

C6H11NO (113.0841)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D007769 - Lactams

29307-60-6

C23H34O15 (550.1898)

Genipin 1-β-D-gentiobioside (Genipin 1-gentiobioside) is one of the most abundant and bioactive iridoid glycosides in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, which possesses hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities. Genipin 1-β-D-gentiobioside (Genipin 1-gentiobioside) is one of the most abundant and bioactive iridoid glycosides in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, which possesses hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities.

CHEBI:28113

C30H52O (428.4018)

Skatol

C9H9N (131.0735)

Skatole is produced by intestinal bacteria, regulates intestinal epithelial cellular functions through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors and p38[1]. Skatole is produced by intestinal bacteria, regulates intestinal epithelial cellular functions through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors and p38[1].

Rotax

C7H5NS2 (166.9863)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an endogenous metabolite. 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an endogenous metabolite.

Diathesin

C7H8O2 (124.0524)

C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent Salicyl alcohol is an intermediate for medicine, perfume, pesticide. Salicyl alcohol is an intermediate for medicine, perfume, pesticide.

(2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol

C4H10O2 (90.0681)

(2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol is found in cocoa and cocoa products. (2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol is isolated from cocoa butter and roots of Ruta graveolens (rue).2,3-Butanediol is one of the constitutional isomers of butanediol. The 2R,3R stereoisomer of 2,3-butanediol is produced by a variety of microorganisms, in a process known as butanediol fermentation. It is found in cocoa butter and in the roots of Ruta graveolens. (Wikipedia). Isolated from cocoa butter and roots of Ruta graveolens (rue) (2R,3R)-Butane-2,3-diol is an endogenous metabolite. (2R,3R)-Butane-2,3-diol is an endogenous metabolite.

Valencene

C15H24 (204.1878)

(+)-valencene is a carbobicyclic compound and sesquiterpene that is 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene which is substituted a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 3 and by methyl groups at positions 4a and 5 (the 3R,4aS,5R- diastereoisomer). It is a sesquiterpene, a carbobicyclic compound and a polycyclic olefin. Valencene is a natural product found in Xylopia sericea, Helichrysum odoratissimum, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of orange oil. Valencene is found in many foods, some of which are citrus, common oregano, rosemary, and sweet orange. Valencene is a sesquiterpene isolated from Cyperus rotundus, possesses antiallergic, antimelanogenesis, anti-infammatory, and antioxidant activitivies. Valencene inhibits the exaggerated expression of Th2 chemokines and proinflammatory chemokines through blockade of the NF-κB pathway. Valencene is used to flavor foods and drinks[1][2][3].

Stigmatellin A

C30H42O7 (514.293)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents

Noreugenin

C10H8O4 (192.0423)

Noreugenin is a member of the class of chromones in which the 1,4-benzopyrone skeleton is substituted with a methyl group at position 2 and with hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7. A natural product, it is found in Pisonia aculeata. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a member of chromones and a member of resorcinols. It is a conjugate acid of a noreugenin(1-). Noreugenin is a natural product found in Crossosoma bigelovii, Schumanniophyton magnificum, and other organisms with data available. A member of the class of chromones in which the 1,4-benzopyrone skeleton is substituted with a methyl group at position 2 and with hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7. A natural product, it is found in Pisonia aculeata. Noreugenin, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-one, is a new chromone from Aloe arborescens. (Amaryllidaceae)[1].

Silychristin

C25H22O10 (482.1213)

A flavonolignan isolated from Silybum marianum and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activities against lipoxygenase and prostaglandin synthetase. Silychristin is a flavonolignan isolated from Silybum marianum and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activities against lipoxygenase and prostaglandin synthetase. It has a role as a radical scavenger, a lipoxygenase inhibitor, a prostaglandin antagonist and a metabolite. It is a flavonolignan, a member of 1-benzofurans, a polyphenol, an aromatic ether and a secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone. Silicristin is a natural product found in Cunila, Anastatica hierochuntica, and other organisms with data available. C26170 - Protective Agent > C2081 - Hepatoprotective Agent Silychristin is an abundant flavonolignan present in the fruits of Silybum marianum, with antioxidant properties. Silychristin is a potent inhibitor of the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8, and elicits a strong inhibition of T3 uptake with an IC50 of 110 nM[1][2]. Silychristin is an abundant flavonolignan present in the fruits of Silybum marianum, with antioxidant properties. Silychristin is a potent inhibitor of the thyroid hormone transporter MCT8, and elicits a strong inhibition of T3 uptake with an IC50 of 110 nM[1][2].

Araloside_A

C47H74O18 (926.4875)

Chikusetsusaponin-IV is a triterpenoid saponin. It has a role as a metabolite. Araloside A is a natural product found in Kalopanax septemlobus, Bassia muricata, and other organisms with data available. A natural product found in Panax japonicus var. major. Araloside A (Chikusetsusaponin IV) is a component of Panax japonicus, with low-renin-inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 77.4 μM[1]. Araloside A (Chikusetsusaponin IV) is a component of Panax japonicus, with low-renin-inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 77.4 μM[1].

chrysoplenol D

C18H16O8 (360.0845)

3,4,5-trihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone is a trimethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7-trimethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent and a metabolite. It is a trihydroxyflavone and a trimethoxyflavone. It is functionally related to a quercetagetin. Chrysosplenol D is a natural product found in Psiadia viscosa, Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, and other organisms with data available. See also: Vitex negundo fruit (part of). A trimethoxyflavone that is the 3,6,7-trimethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin. Chrysosplenol D is a methoxy flavonoid that induces ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis in triple negative human breast cancer cells. Chrysosplenol D also exhibits anti-inflammatory and moderate antitrypanosomal activities[1][2][3][4]. Chrysosplenol D is a methoxy flavonoid that induces ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis in triple negative human breast cancer cells. Chrysosplenol D also exhibits anti-inflammatory and moderate antitrypanosomal activities[1][2][3][4].

Lactopicrin

C23H22O7 (410.1365)

Lactucopicrin is an azulenofuran, a cyclic terpene ketone, an enone, a member of phenols, a sesquiterpene lactone and a primary alcohol. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a sedative and an antimalarial. It is functionally related to a 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and a lactucin. Lactupicrin is a natural product found in Cichorium endivia, Cichorium spinosum, and other organisms with data available. Lactupicrin (Lactucopicrin) is a characteristic bitter sesquiterpene lactone that can relieve pain. Lactupicrin exhibits atheroprotective effect[1][2]. Lactupicrin (Lactucopicrin) is a characteristic bitter sesquiterpene lactone that can relieve pain. Lactupicrin exhibits atheroprotective effect[1][2].

cellotetrose

C24H42O21 (666.2218)

Cellotetraose is a glucotetrose comprised of four D-glucose residues connected by beta(1->4) linkages.

METHYL ACETATE

C3H6O2 (74.0368)

Caprolactam

C6H11NO (113.0841)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D007769 - Lactams

VINYL CHLORIDE

C2H3Cl (61.9923)

D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens

N-VINYL-2-PYRROLIDONE

C6H9NO (111.0684)

COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials D001697 - Biomedical and Dental Materials > D001672 - Biocompatible Materials Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS

trans-1,3-Dichloropropene

C3H4Cl2 (109.969)

D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

Pyridaben

C19H25ClN2OS (364.1376)

salicyl alcohol

C7H8O2 (124.0524)

A hydroxybenzyl alcohol that is phenol substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at C-2. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent Salicyl alcohol is an intermediate for medicine, perfume, pesticide. Salicyl alcohol is an intermediate for medicine, perfume, pesticide.

iodoquinol

C9H5I2NO (396.8461)

G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G01 - Gynecological antiinfectives and antiseptics > G01A - Antiinfectives and antiseptics, excl. combinations with corticosteroids > G01AC - Quinoline derivatives D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C276 - Antiparasitic Agent > C277 - Antiprotozoal Agent

glutethimide

C13H15NO2 (217.1103)

D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives > N05CE - Piperidinedione derivatives C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic

2-NAPHTHYLAMINE

C10H9N (143.0735)

D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens

orphenadrine

C18H23NO (269.178)

D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065607 - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors > D065686 - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inhibitors D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018726 - Anti-Dyskinesia Agents > D000978 - Antiparkinson Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66880 - Anticholinergic Agent > C29704 - Antimuscarinic Agent D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D010276 - Parasympatholytics D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents C78281 - Agent Affecting Musculoskeletal System > C29696 - Muscle Relaxant

9,10-Phenanthrenequinone

C14H8O2 (208.0524)

D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens

FLUOROACETIC ACID

C2H3FO2 (78.0117)

D010575 - Pesticides > D012378 - Rodenticides D016573 - Agrochemicals

5α-Dihydroprogesterone

C21H32O2 (316.2402)

A C21-steroid hormone that is 5alpha-pregnane substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 20. It is a metabolite of progestrone. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones 5a-Pregnane-3,20-dione is the endogenous progesterone metabolite.

Nitrophenol

C6H5NO3 (139.0269)

m-Phenylenediamine

C6H8N2 (108.0687)

SERTINDOLE

C24H26ClFN4O (440.1779)

D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05A - Antipsychotics > N05AE - Indole derivatives D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66885 - Serotonin Antagonist C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66883 - Dopamine Antagonist Sertindole (Lu 23-174) is an orally active 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, dopamine D2, and αl-adrenergic receptors antagonist. Sertindole shows antipsychotic activity and anti-proliferative activity to multiple cancer cells[1][2][3].

Difenidol

C21H27NO (309.2093)

D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C267 - Antiemetic Agent D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D000932 - Antiemetics D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents

PERAZINE

C20H25N3S (339.1769)

N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05A - Antipsychotics > N05AB - Phenothiazines with piperazine structure D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018492 - Dopamine Antagonists D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66883 - Dopamine Antagonist

Bis(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate

C12H9N2O8P (340.0097)

D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors

D-Glyceraldehyde

C3H6O3 (90.0317)

The D-enantiomer of glyceraldehyde.

Dimethylselenide

C2H6Se (109.9635)

An organoselenium compound of two methyl groups covalently bound to a selenium.

(±)-2,3-Butanediol

C4H10O2 (90.0681)

The (R,R) diastereoisomer of butane-2,3-diol. (2R,3R)-Butane-2,3-diol is an endogenous metabolite. (2R,3R)-Butane-2,3-diol is an endogenous metabolite.

6-Methyladenine

C6H7N5 (149.0701)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents A methyladenine that is 9H-purin-6-amine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators

(R)-Leucic acid

C6H12O3 (132.0786)

The (R)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid. Found in patients with short-bowel syndrome (an inborn error of metabolism), and in maple syrup urine disease, MSUD. (R)-Leucic acid is an amino acid metabolite[1].

(R)-Mandelonitrile

C8H7NO (133.0528)

4,4-dinitrostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid

C14H10N2O10S2 (429.9777)

Pimafucin

C33H47NO13 (665.3047)

A macrolide antibiotic that has formula C33H47NO13, produced by several Streptomyces species including Streptomyces natalensis. It exhibits broad spectrum antifungal activity and used in eye drops, and as a food preservative, and also as a postharvest biofungicide for citrus and other fruit crops. G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G01 - Gynecological antiinfectives and antiseptics > G01A - Antiinfectives and antiseptics, excl. combinations with corticosteroids > G01AA - Antibiotics A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A01 - Stomatological preparations > A01A - Stomatological preparations > A01AB - Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A07 - Antidiarrheals, intestinal antiinflammatory/antiinfective agents > A07A - Intestinal antiinfectives > A07AA - Antibiotics D - Dermatologicals > D01 - Antifungals for dermatological use > D01A - Antifungals for topical use > D01AA - Antibiotics S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01A - Antiinfectives > S01AA - Antibiotics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C514 - Antifungal Agent Natamycin (Pimaricin) is a macrolide antibiotic agent produced by several Streptomyces strains. Natamycin inhibits the growth of fungi via inhibition of amino acid and glucose transport across the plasma membrane. Natamycin is a food preservative, an antifungal agent in agriculture, and is widely used for fungal keratitis research[1][2].

furoic acid

C3H7NO5S (169.0045)

The L-enantiomer of cysteic acid.

21-Deoxycortisol

C21H30O4 (346.2144)

A deoxycortisol that is 17xi-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 11 and an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17. It is a marker of virilizing adrenal hyperplasia caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones

Desthiobiotin

C10H18N2O3 (214.1317)

D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D050258 - Mitosis Modulators > D008934 - Mitogens D-Desthiobiotin is a biotin derivative used in affinity chromatography and protein chromatography. D-Desthiobiotin also can be used for protein and cell labeling, detection and isolation[1].

3-Dehydroquinic acid

C7H10O6 (190.0477)

A 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid derived from quinic acid by oxidation of the hydroxy group at position 3 to the corresponding keto group.

1,2,6-Trigalloylglucose

C27H24O18 (636.0963)

Glu-Glu

C10H16N2O7 (276.0957)

A dipeptide composed of two L-glutamic acid units joined by a peptide linkage.

1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate

C6H14O12P2 (339.9961)

Bis(adenosine)-5-pentaphosphate

C20H29N10O22P5 (916.0146)

D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents

SN38 glucuronide

C28H28N2O11 (568.1693)

Thiocysteine

C3H7NO2S2 (152.9918)

Mulberrofuran G

C34H26O8 (562.1628)

Mulberrofuran G protects ischemic injury-induced cell death via inhibition of NOX4-mediated ROS generation and ER stress[1]. Mulberrofuran G shows moderate inhibiting activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication with IC50 of 3.99 μM[2]. Mulberrofuran G protects ischemic injury-induced cell death via inhibition of NOX4-mediated ROS generation and ER stress[1]. Mulberrofuran G shows moderate inhibiting activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication with IC50 of 3.99 μM[2]. Mulberrofuran G protects ischemic injury-induced cell death via inhibition of NOX4-mediated ROS generation and ER stress[1]. Mulberrofuran G shows moderate inhibiting activity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA replication with IC50 of 3.99 μM[2].

5-Fluoro-2-deoxyuridine-5-monophosphate

C9H12FN2O8P (326.0315)

CID 443605

C31H52N2O5S (564.3597)

(3R)-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-1-methyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one

C25H20FN3O (397.159)

3,4-Dihydroxystyrene

C8H8O2 (136.0524)

Captax

C7H5NS2 (166.9863)

D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an endogenous metabolite. 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole is an endogenous metabolite.

O-Bromophenol

C6H5BrO (171.9524)

Foscan

C44H32N4O4 (680.2423)

L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L01 - Antineoplastic agents > L01X - Other antineoplastic agents > L01XD - Sensitizers used in photodynamic/radiation therapy D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents > D017319 - Photosensitizing Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents C1420 - Photosensitizing Agent D003879 - Dermatologic Agents Same as: D06066

CE 18:2

C45H76O2 (648.5845)

The (9Z,12Z)-stereoisomer of cholesteryl octadeca-9,12-dienoate. Cholesteryl linoleate is shown to be the major cholesteryl ester contained in LDL and atherosclerotic lesions.

Cetiedil

C20H31NO2S (349.2075)

C - Cardiovascular system > C04 - Peripheral vasodilators > C04A - Peripheral vasodilators C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C29707 - Vasodilating Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D000986 - Antisickling Agents ATC code: C04AX26

acetochlor

C14H20ClNO2 (269.1182)

D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals

alachlor

C14H20ClNO2 (269.1182)

D010575 - Pesticides > D006540 - Herbicides D016573 - Agrochemicals

DL-Penicillamine

C5H11NO2S (149.051)

D064449 - Sequestering Agents > D002614 - Chelating Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000931 - Antidotes D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents

gamma-Glutamylcysteinylglycine

C10H17N3O6S (307.0838)

Ethlenethiourea

C3H6N2S (102.0252)

Octadecanamide

C18H37NO (283.2875)

A fatty amide of stearic acid. Stearamide is a primary fatty acid amide. Stearamide displays cytotoxic and ichthytoxic activity[1].

Benzo[k]tetraphene

C22H14 (278.1095)

D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens Dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of considerable tumorigenicity. Dibenz[a,h]anthracene results in DNA adduct formation leading to the activation of a DNA damage response. Dibenz[a,h]anthracene induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via both Tp53-dependent and Tp53-independent mechanisms[1][2].

4,4-Methylenedianiline

C13H14N2 (198.1157)

D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens

2,6-DMA

C8H11N (121.0891)