Gatifloxacin (BioDeep_00000006572)

human metabolite blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs Volatile Flavor Compounds

代谢物信息卡片

1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid

化学式: C19H22FN3O4 (375.15942640000003)
中文名称: 加替沙星
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 3.57%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC1CN(CCN1)C2=C(C=C3C(=C2OC)N(C=C(C3=O)C(=O)O)C4CC4)F
InChI: InChI=1S/C19H22FN3O4/c1-10-8-22(6-5-21-10)16-14(20)7-12-15(18(16)27-2)23(11-3-4-11)9-13(17(12)24)19(25)26/h7,9-11,21H,3-6,8H2,1-2H3,(H,25,26)

描述信息

Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Bristol-Myers Squibb introduced Gatifloxacin in 1999 under the proprietary name Tequin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, having licensed the medication from Kyorin Pharmaceutical Company of Japan. Allergan produces an eye-drop formulation called Zymar. Gatifloxacin is available as tablets and in various aqueous solutions for intravenous therapy. [Wikipedia]
J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J01 - Antibacterials for systemic use > J01M - Quinolone antibacterials > J01MA - Fluoroquinolones
D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D059003 - Topoisomerase Inhibitors > D059005 - Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01A - Antiinfectives > S01AE - Fluoroquinolones
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D024841 - Fluoroquinolones
C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic > C795 - Quinolone Antibiotic
D019999 - Pharmaceutical Solutions > D009883 - Ophthalmic Solutions
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors

同义名列表

15 个代谢物同义名

1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid; 1-Cyclopropyl-1,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid; 1-Cyclopropyl-1,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylate; 1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro- 8-methoxy-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid; 1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro- 8-methoxy-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylate; Gatifloxacin anhydrous; Gatifloxacinum; Gatifloxacine; Gatifloxacino; Gatifloxacin; AM 1155; Tequin; Zymer; Zymar; Gatifloxacin

数据库引用编号

18 个数据库交叉引用编号

ChEBI: CHEBI:5280
KEGG: C07661
KEGGdrug: D08011
PubChem: 5379
HMDB: HMDB0015178
Metlin: METLIN43873
DrugBank: DB01044
ChEMBL: CHEMBL31
Wikipedia: Gatifloxacin
MeSH: Gatifloxacin
chemspider: 5186
CAS: 112811-59-3
CAS: 160738-57-8
PMhub: MS000019634
PubChem: 9863
NIKKAJI: J523.172H
RefMet: Gatifloxacin
KNApSAcK: 5280

分类词条

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

1 个相关的物种来源信息

9606 - Homo sapiens: -

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

文献列表

Petko Alov, Merilin Al Sharif, Hristo Najdenski, Tania Pencheva, Ivanka Tsakovska, Maya Margaritova Zaharieva, Ilza Pajeva. New Potential Pharmacological Targets of Plant-Derived Hydroxyanthraquinones from Rubia spp. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2022 May; 27(10):. doi: 10.3390/molecules27103274. [PMID: 35630751]
Mark J Henderson, Kathleen A Trychta, Shyh-Ming Yang, Susanne Bäck, Adam Yasgar, Emily S Wires, Carina Danchik, Xiaokang Yan, Hideaki Yano, Lei Shi, Kuo-Jen Wu, Amy Q Wang, Dingyin Tao, Gergely Zahoránszky-Kőhalmi, Xin Hu, Xin Xu, David Maloney, Alexey V Zakharov, Ganesha Rai, Fumihiko Urano, Mikko Airavaara, Oksana Gavrilova, Ajit Jadhav, Yun Wang, Anton Simeonov, Brandon K Harvey. A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome. Cell reports. 2021 04; 35(4):109040. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109040. [PMID: 33910017]
Shanwen Zhao, Zhian Sun, Xiaoxiao Wang, Jianmin Li, Yanqiang Zhou, Bolin Gong. Novel metal-organic framework combining with restricted access molecularly imprinted nanomaterials for solid-phase extraction of gatifloxacin from bovine serum. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2020 Nov; 1157(?):122338. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122338. [PMID: 32866919]
Hua Chen, Chunlei Zhu, Feng Chen, Jingjing Xu, Xiuting Jiang, Zeyu Wu, Xiaowei Ding, Gao-Chao Fan, Yizhong Shen, Yingwang Ye. Profiling the interaction of Al(III)-GFLX complex, a potential pollution risk, with bovine serum albumin. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. 2020 Feb; 136(?):111058. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111058. [PMID: 31881243]
Tobie D Lee, Olivia W Lee, Kyle R Brimacombe, Lu Chen, Rajarshi Guha, Sabrina Lusvarghi, Bethilehem G Tebase, Carleen Klumpp-Thomas, Robert W Robey, Suresh V Ambudkar, Min Shen, Michael M Gottesman, Matthew D Hall. A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Molecular pharmacology. 2019 11; 96(5):629-640. doi: 10.1124/mol.119.115964. [PMID: 31515284]
Sara A Abouelmagd, Noura H Abd Ellah, Omar Amen, Alshaimaa Abdelmoez, Noha G Mohamed. Self-assembled tannic acid complexes for pH-responsive delivery of antibiotics: Role of drug-carrier interactions. International journal of pharmaceutics. 2019 May; 562(?):76-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.03.009. [PMID: 30851388]
Mingxia Song, Shiben Wang, Zengtao Wang, Zhiyang Fu, Shengchao Zhou, Huabin Cheng, Zhuo Liang, Xianqing Deng. Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, and molecular docking studies of N-arylsulfonylindoles containing an aminoguanidine, a semicarbazide, and a thiosemicarbazide moiety. European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2019 Mar; 166(?):108-118. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.038. [PMID: 30685534]
Koichi Yabe, Yuka Yamamoto, Takami Suzuki, Sanae Takada, Kazuhiko Mori. Functional and Morphological Characteristics of Pancreatic Islet Lesions Induced by Quinolone Antimicrobial Agent Gatifloxacin in Rats. Toxicologic pathology. 2019 01; 47(1):35-43. doi: 10.1177/0192623318809062. [PMID: 30407147]
Lihua Jiang, Guichun Mo, Chunhe Yu, Dongmei Ya, Xinxin He, Weiming Mo, Biyang Deng. Based on reduced graphene oxide-copper sulfide-carbon nitride nanosheets composite electrochemiluminescence sensor for determination of gatifloxacin in mouse plasma. Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces. 2019 Jan; 173(?):378-385. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.10.003. [PMID: 30317124]
Xin Zhao, Xu Shen, Xian Zhang, Shichao Chen, Hong Lu, Mingwu Wang. Comparative Study of Ocular Pharmacokinetics of Gatifloxacin Between Continuous Lavage and Hourly Topical Instillation in Rabbits. Cornea. 2018 Nov; 37(11):1457-1462. doi: 10.1097/ico.0000000000001712. [PMID: 30124589]
Wei Huang, Panpan Wang, Ping Jiang, Xiangchao Dong, Shen Lin. Preparation and application of a restricted access material with hybrid poly(glycerol mono-methacrylate) and cross-linked bovine serum albumin as hydrophilic out layers for directly on-line high performance liquid chromatography analysis of enrofloxacin and gatifloxacin in milk samples. Journal of chromatography. A. 2018 Oct; 1573(?):59-65. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.08.067. [PMID: 30201163]
Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur, Seikh M Alam. CL sensitisation of tris-(bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) - cerium (IV) reaction system by AgNPs for determination of GFX. IET nanobiotechnology. 2018 Sep; 12(6):773-780. doi: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.0018. [PMID: 30104451]
Amelia M Avachat, Pooja J Takudage. Design and characterization of multifaceted lyophilized liposomal wafers with promising wound healing potential. Journal of liposome research. 2018 Sep; 28(3):193-208. doi: 10.1080/08982104.2017.1335319. [PMID: 28539072]
M Ali Fadel, Reem H El-Gebaly, Shaimaa A Mohamed, Ashraf M M Abdelbacki. Biophysical control of the growth of Agrobacterium tumefaciens using extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves at resonance frequency. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2017 12; 494(1-2):365-371. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.008. [PMID: 28988110]
Piero L Olliaro, Corinne Merle, Thuli Mthiyane, Boubacar Bah, Ferdinand Kassa, Evans Amukoye, Alimatou N Diaye, Christian Perronne, Christian Lienhardt, Helen McIlleron, Katherine Fielding. Effects on the QT Interval of a Gatifloxacin-Containing Regimen versus Standard Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2017 07; 61(7):. doi: 10.1128/aac.01834-16. [PMID: 28438924]
Yunfeng Shi, Zhipeng Xiong, Xuefei Lu, Xin Yan, Xiang Cai, Wei Xue. Novel carboxymethyl chitosan-graphene oxide hybrid particles for drug delivery. Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine. 2016 Nov; 27(11):169. doi: 10.1007/s10856-016-5774-6. [PMID: 27709459]
Adeola Shobo, Sooraj Baijnath, Dominika Bratkowska, Suhashni Naiker, Anou M Somboro, Linda A Bester, Sanil D Singh, Tricia Naicker, Hendrik G Kruger, Thavendran Govender. MALDI MSI and LC-MS/MS: Towards preclinical determination of the neurotoxic potential of fluoroquinolones. Drug testing and analysis. 2016 Aug; 8(8):832-8. doi: 10.1002/dta.1862. [PMID: 26382199]
Mohd Abul Kalam, Aws Alshamsan, Ibrahim A Aljuffali, Anil K Mishra, Yasmin Sultana. Delivery of gatifloxacin using microemulsion as vehicle: formulation, evaluation, transcorneal permeation and aqueous humor drug determination. Drug delivery. 2016; 23(3):896-907. doi: 10.3109/10717544.2014.920432. [PMID: 24865289]
Jun-Jie Koh, Huifen Lin, Vonny Caroline, Yu Siang Chew, Li Mei Pang, Thet Tun Aung, Jianguo Li, Rajamani Lakshminarayanan, Donald T H Tan, Chandra Verma, Ai Ling Tan, Roger W Beuerman, Shouping Liu. N-Lipidated Peptide Dimers: Effective Antibacterial Agents against Gram-Negative Pathogens through Lipopolysaccharide Permeabilization. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2015 Aug; 58(16):6533-48. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00628. [PMID: 26214729]
Saikh mohammad Wabaidur, Seikh Mafiz Alam, Zeid A Alothman, Kazi Mohsin. Silver nanoparticles enhanced flow injection chemiluminescence determination of gatifloxacin in pharmaceutical formulation and spiked urine sample. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy. 2015 Jun; 144(?):170-5. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.051. [PMID: 25754393]
G B Kumbhar, A M Khan, S Rampal. Evaluation of gatifloxacin for its potential to induce antioxidant imbalance and retinopathy in rabbits. Human & experimental toxicology. 2015 Apr; 34(4):372-9. doi: 10.1177/0960327114530743. [PMID: 25028261]
Elin Näsström, Nga Tran Vu Thieu, Sabina Dongol, Abhilasha Karkey, Phat Voong Vinh, Tuyen Ha Thanh, Anders Johansson, Amit Arjyal, Guy Thwaites, Christiane Dolecek, Buddha Basnyat, Stephen Baker, Henrik Antti. Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A elaborate distinct systemic metabolite signatures during enteric fever. eLife. 2014 Jun; 3(?):. doi: 10.7554/elife.03100. [PMID: 24902583]
Sally A Helmy. Simultaneous quantification of linezolid, tinidazole, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gatifloxacin in human plasma for therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies in human volunteers. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2013 Dec; 35(6):770-7. doi: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e318297b6b0. [PMID: 24061442]
Pierre Dramou, Pengli Zuo, Hua He, Lien Ai Pham-Huy, Wenyue Zou, Deli Xiao, Chuong Pham-Huy. Development of novel amphiphilic magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers compatible with biological fluids for solid phase extraction and physicochemical behavior study. Journal of chromatography. A. 2013 Nov; 1317(?):110-20. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.075. [PMID: 23916954]
Mohd Abul Kalam, Yasmin Sultana, Asgar Ali, Mohd Aqil, Anil K Mishra, Ibrahim A Aljuffali, Aws Alshamsan. Part I: Development and optimization of solid-lipid nanoparticles using Box-Behnken statistical design for ocular delivery of gatifloxacin. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A. 2013 Jun; 101(6):1813-27. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.34453. [PMID: 23255511]
Mohd Abul Kalam, Yasmin Sultana, Asgar Ali, Mohd Aqil, Anil K Mishra, Krishna Chuttani, Ibrahim A Aljuffali, Aws Alshamsan. Part II: Enhancement of transcorneal delivery of gatifloxacin by solid lipid nanoparticles in comparison to commercial aqueous eye drops. Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A. 2013 Jun; 101(6):1828-36. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.34467. [PMID: 23184654]
Pierre Dramou, Deli Xiao, Hua He, Tiebing Liu, Wenyue Zou. Loading behavior of gatifloxacin in urine and lake water on a novel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer used as extraction sorbent with spectrophotometric analysis. Journal of separation science. 2013 Mar; 36(5):898-906. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201200831. [PMID: 23371523]
Yunli Yu, Xinting Wang, Can Liu, Dan Yao, Mengyue Hu, Jia Li, Nan Hu, Li Liu, Xiaodong Liu. Combined contributions of over-secreted glucagon-like peptide 1 and suppressed insulin secretion to hyperglycemia induced by gatifloxacin in rats. Toxicology and applied pharmacology. 2013 Feb; 266(3):375-84. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.11.015. [PMID: 23200776]
Deli Xiao, Pierre Dramou, Nanqian Xiong, Hua He, Hui Li, Danhua Yuan, Hao Dai. Development of novel molecularly imprinted magnetic solid-phase extraction materials based on magnetic carbon nanotubes and their application for the determination of gatifloxacin in serum samples coupled with high performance liquid chromatography. Journal of chromatography. A. 2013 Jan; 1274(?):44-53. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.12.011. [PMID: 23290337]
Jian Yi, Meng Meng, Zhong-qiu Liu, Jin-fang Zhi, Yuan-yang Zhang, Jing Xu, Ya-bin Wang, Jin-ting Liu, Ri-mo Xi. Development of an electrochemical immunoassay for detection of gatifloxacin in swine urine. Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. 2012 Feb; 13(2):118-25. doi: 10.1631/jzus.b1100073. [PMID: 22302425]
S S Devada, S D Patel, H B Patel, N N Patel, S K Bhavsar, A M Thaker. Pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin in broiler chickens following intravenous and oral administration. British poultry science. 2012; 53(2):257-61. doi: 10.1080/00071668.2012.682724. [PMID: 22646791]
Ha Vinh, Vo Thi Cuc Anh, Nguyen Duc Anh, James I Campbell, Nguyen Van Minh Hoang, Tran Vu Thieu Nga, Nguyen Thi Khanh Nhu, Pham Van Minh, Cao Thu Thuy, Pham Thanh Duy, Le Thi Phuong, Ha Thi Loan, Mai Thu Chinh, Nguyen Thi Thu Thao, Nguyen Thi Hong Tham, Bui Li Mong, Phan Van Be Bay, Jeremy N Day, Christiane Dolecek, Nguyen Phu Huong Lan, To Song Diep, Jeremy J Farrar, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Marcel Wolbers, Stephen Baker. A multi-center randomized trial to assess the efficacy of gatifloxacin versus ciprofloxacin for the treatment of shigellosis in Vietnamese children. PLoS neglected tropical diseases. 2011 Aug; 5(8):e1264. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001264. [PMID: 21829747]
Guy E Thwaites, Sujata M Bhavnani, Tran Thi Hong Chau, Jeffrey P Hammel, M Estée Török, Scott A Van Wart, Pham Phuong Mai, Daniel K Reynolds, Maxine Caws, Nguyen Thi Dung, Tran Tinh Hien, Robert Kulawy, Jeremy Farrar, Paul G Ambrose. Randomized pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic comparison of fluoroquinolones for tuberculous meningitis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2011 Jul; 55(7):3244-53. doi: 10.1128/aac.00064-11. [PMID: 21502621]
Mohammad Kamruzzaman, Al-Mahmnur Alam, Taslima Ferdous, Sang Hak Lee, Young Ho Kim, Sung Hong Kim. Ultrasensitive study of gatifloxacin based on its enhancing effect on the cerium (IV)-sodium hyposulfite chemiluminescence reaction in a micellar medium. Journal of fluorescence. 2011 Jul; 21(4):1539-45. doi: 10.1007/s10895-011-0842-2. [PMID: 21246264]
Amit Arjyal, Buddha Basnyat, Samir Koirala, Abhilasha Karkey, Sabina Dongol, Krishna Kumar Agrawaal, Nikki Shakya, Kabina Shrestha, Manish Sharma, Sanju Lama, Kasturi Shrestha, Nely Shrestha Khatri, Umesh Shrestha, James I Campbell, Stephen Baker, Jeremy Farrar, Marcel Wolbers, Christiane Dolecek. Gatifloxacin versus chloramphenicol for uncomplicated enteric fever: an open-label, randomised, controlled trial. The Lancet. Infectious diseases. 2011 Jun; 11(6):445-54. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(11)70089-5. [PMID: 21531174]
Jun Zha, Hua He, Tie-Bing Liu, Shan-Shan Li, Qing-Cai Jiao. [Studies on the interaction of gatifloxacin with bovine serum albumin in the presence of carbon nanotubes by fluorescence spectroscopy]. Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu. 2011 Jan; 31(1):149-53. doi: NULL. [PMID: 21428077]
Julien Poissy, Alexandra Aubry, Christine Fernandez, Marie-Catherine Lott, Aurelie Chauffour, Vincent Jarlier, Robert Farinotti, Nicolas Veziris. Should moxifloxacin be used for the treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis? An answer from a murine model. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2010 Nov; 54(11):4765-71. doi: 10.1128/aac.00968-10. [PMID: 20805388]
Yasuyoshi Ishiwata, Masato Yasuhara. Gatifloxacin-induced histamine release and hyperglycemia in rats. European journal of pharmacology. 2010 Oct; 645(1-3):192-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.07.032. [PMID: 20674567]
Joel W Proksch, Keith W Ward. Ocular pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of besifloxacin, moxifloxacin, and gatifloxacin following topical administration to pigmented rabbits. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2010 Oct; 26(5):449-58. doi: 10.1089/jop.2010.0054. [PMID: 20874668]
Ping-Fei Fang, Hua-Lin Cai, Huan-De Li, Rong-Hua Zhu, Qin-You Tan, Wei Gao, Ping Xu, Yi-Ping Liu, Wen-Yuan Zhang, Yong-Chang Chen, Feng Zhang. Simultaneous determination of isoniazid, rifampicin, levofloxacin in mouse tissues and plasma by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2010 Aug; 878(24):2286-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.06.038. [PMID: 20663720]
Mikiko Nagai, Saori Nagata, Norio Yamagishi, Hiroshi Satoh, Kazuhisa Furuhama. Clinicopathological aspect of dysglycemia in naive and diabetic rats induced by the fluoroquinolone antibacterial gatifloxacin. The Journal of veterinary medical science. 2010 May; 72(5):567-73. doi: 10.1292/jvms.09-0465. [PMID: 20068268]
Hao Wu, Guo-Yan Zhao, Li-Ming Du. Determination of ofloxacin and gatifloxacin by mixed micelle-mediated cloud point extraction-fluorimetry combined methodology. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy. 2010 May; 75(5):1624-8. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.02.031. [PMID: 20299280]
Robin L P Jump, Michelle M Riggs, Ajay K Sethi, Michael J Pultz, Tracie Ellis-Reid, William Riebel, Dale N Gerding, Robert A Salata, Curtis J Donskey. Multihospital outbreak of Clostridium difficile infection, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Emerging infectious diseases. 2010 May; 16(5):827-9. doi: 10.3201/eid1605.071606. [PMID: 20409374]
Mohd Abul Kalam, Yasmin Sultana, Asgar Ali, Mohd Aqil, Anil K Mishra, Krishna Chuttani. Preparation, characterization, and evaluation of gatifloxacin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles as colloidal ocular drug delivery system. Journal of drug targeting. 2010 Apr; 18(3):191-204. doi: 10.3109/10611860903338462. [PMID: 19839712]
Khaled Mohamed Hosny. Optimization of gatifloxacin liposomal hydrogel for enhanced transcorneal permeation. Journal of liposome research. 2010 Mar; 20(1):31-7. doi: 10.3109/08982100903030255. [PMID: 19545203]
Dorota Wultańska, Piotr Obuch-Woszczatyński, Aleksandra Banaszkiewicz, Andrzej Radzikowski, Hanna Pituch, Grazyna Młynarczyk. [Prevalence of Clostridium difficile in the gastrointestinal tract of hospitalized children under two years of age]. Medycyna doswiadczalna i mikrobiologia. 2010; 62(1):77-84. doi: NULL. [PMID: 20564974]
Xiaofan Sui, Jin Sun, Haiyan Li, Yongjun Wang, Jianfang Liu, Xiaohong Liu, Wenping Zhang, Lijiang Chen, Zhonggui He. Prediction of volume of distribution values in human using immobilized artificial membrane partitioning coefficients, the fraction of compound ionized and plasma protein binding data. European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2009 Nov; 44(11):4455-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.06.004. [PMID: 19586686]
Zhifeng Fu, Lin Wang, Cuifang Li, Ying Liu, Xueting Zhou, Wei Wei. CE-ECL detection of gatifloxacin in biological fluid after clean-up using SPE. Journal of separation science. 2009 Nov; 32(22):3925-9. doi: 10.1002/jssc.200900508. [PMID: 19842125]
Rajpal, Ambatipudi Srinivas, Raj Vardhan Azad, Yog Raj Sharma, Atul Kumar, Gita Satpathy, Thirumurthy Velpandian. Evaluation of vitreous levels of gatifloxacin after systemic administration in inflamed and non-inflamed eyes. Acta ophthalmologica. 2009 Sep; 87(6):648-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01323.x. [PMID: 19508273]
Manthena V S Varma, Bo Feng, R Scott Obach, Matthew D Troutman, Jonathan Chupka, Howard R Miller, Ayman El-Kattan. Physicochemical determinants of human renal clearance. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2009 Aug; 52(15):4844-52. doi: 10.1021/jm900403j. [PMID: 19445515]
Changchuan Guo, Lei Wang, Zhun Hou, Wei Jiang, Lihong Sang. Micelle-enhanced and terbium-sensitized spectrofluorimetric determination of gatifloxacin and its interaction mechanism. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy. 2009 May; 72(4):766-71. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2008.10.063. [PMID: 19117794]
Ambar Khaira, Ankur Gupta, Nikhil Tandon, Sanjay K Agarwal. Gatifloxacin-induced severe hyperglycaemia and ketoacidosis in a non-diabetic renal transplant recipient. Clinical and experimental nephrology. 2009 Feb; 13(1):89-91. doi: 10.1007/s10157-008-0072-3. [PMID: 18648734]
Jahye Kim, Hisakazu Ohtani, Masayuki Tsujimoto, Yasufumi Sawada. Quantitative comparison of the convulsive activity of combinations of twelve fluoroquinolones with five nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 2009; 24(2):167-74. doi: 10.2133/dmpk.24.167. [PMID: 19430173]
Nimmagadda Srinivas, Lakshmi Narasu, B Prabha Shankar, Ramesh Mullangi. Development and validation of a HPLC method for simultaneous quantitation of gatifloxacin, sparfloxacin and moxifloxacin using levofloxacin as internal standard in human plasma: application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study. Biomedical chromatography : BMC. 2008 Nov; 22(11):1288-95. doi: 10.1002/bmc.1060. [PMID: 18655224]
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