NCBI Taxonomy: 5506
Fusarium (ncbi_taxid: 5506)
found 394 associated metabolites at genus taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Nectriaceae
Child Taxonomies: Fusarium tumidum, Fusarium zeae, Fusarium coeruleum, Fusarium torulosum, Fusarium rusci, Fusarium musae, Fusarium siculi, Fusarium erosum, Fusarium planum, Fusarium camptoceras, Fusarium merismoides, Fusarium toxicum, Fusarium spartum, Fusarium nurragi, Fusarium sinense, Fusarium gibbosum, Fusarium bambusae, Fusarium rosicola, Fusarium eumartii, Fusarium expansum, Fusarium coriorum, Fusarium fecundum, Fusarium echinatum, Fusarium jinanense, Fusarium sanyaense, Fusarium ensiforme, Fusarium campestre, Fusarium rhizicola, Fusarium terricola, Fusarium pacificum, Fusarium caeruleum, Fusarium devonianum, Fusarium sulphureum, Fusarium menglaense, Fusarium yunnanense, Fusarium caucasicum, Fusarium detonianum, Fusarium macroceras, Fusarium extenuatum, Fusarium azukiicola, Fusarium steppicola, Fusarium werrikimbe, [Gibberella] ulicis, Fusarium serpentinum, Fusarium fusarioides, Fusarium weifangense, Fusarium reticulatum, Fusarium ruthhalliae, Fusarium makinsoniae, Fusarium sylviaearle, Fusarium endophytica, Fusarium arthrosporioides, environmental samples, Fusarium mianyangense, unclassified Fusarium, Fusarium cf. bullatum, Fusarium californicum, Fusarium cf. ensiforme, Fusarium cartwrightiae, Fusarium diversisporum, Fusarium pentaseptatum, Fusarium sedimenticola, Fusarium melanochlorum, Fusarium rhinolophicola, Fusarium queenslandicum, Fusarium kazakhstanicum, Fusarium joanfreemaniae, Fusarium nothincarnatum, Fusarium hipposidericola, Fusarium mariamitchelliae, Fusarium cf. heterosporum, Fusarium aff. graminearum, Fusarium goeppertmayeriae, Fusarium xishuangbannaense, Fusarium subflagellisporum, Fusarium cf. bullatum 623MS, Fusarium cf. bullatum 706ES, Fusarium cf. bullatum 613CUL, Fusarium cf. arthrosporioides, Fusarium solani species complex, Fusarium cf. ensiforme FRC S1847, Fusarium babinda species complex, Fusarium dimerum species complex, Fusarium albidum species complex, Fusarium concolor species complex, Fusarium torreyae species complex, Fusarium buxicola species complex, Fusarium redolens species complex, Fusarium buharicum species complex, Fusarium fujikuroi species complex, Fusarium oxysporum species complex, Fusarium burgessii species complex, Fusarium citricola species complex, Fusarium nisikadoi species complex, Fusarium tricinctum species complex, Fusarium sambucinum species complex, Fusarium lateritium species complex, Fusarium staphyleae species complex, Fusarium newnesense species complex, Fusarium cf. merismoides DAOM238700, Fusarium cf. bullatum CC06-3S-2_DCPA, Fusarium ventricosum species complex, Fusarium cf. bullatum CC06-39S-2_DRBC, Fusarium cf. bullatum CC06-47S-1_PCNB, Fusarium cf. bullatum CC06-69S-1_DCPA, Fusarium cf. bullatum CC06-71S-5_DRBC, Fusarium cf. bullatum CC08-15S-2_DRBC, Fusarium cf. bullatum CC08-53S-4_DRBC, Fusarium cf. bullatum CC08-71S-1_PCNB, Fusarium cf. bullatum H04-211S-4_PCNB, Fusarium falsibabinda species complex, Fusarium heterosporum species complex, Fusarium chlamydosporum species complex, Fusarium decemcellulare species complex, Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex
Camptothecin
Camptothecin is a pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is pyrano[3,4:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline which is substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 14, and by an ethyl group and a hydroxy group at position 4 (the S enantiomer). It has a role as an EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor, an antineoplastic agent, a genotoxin and a plant metabolite. It is a pyranoindolizinoquinoline, a tertiary alcohol, a delta-lactone and a quinoline alkaloid. Camptothecin is an alkaloid isolated from the stem wood of the Chinese tree, Camptotheca acuminata. This compound selectively inhibits the nuclear enzyme DNA topoisomerase, type I. Several semisynthetic analogs of camptothecin have demonstrated antitumor activity. Camptothecin is a natural product found in Archidendron lucidum, Merrilliodendron megacarpum, and other organisms with data available. Camptothecin is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. (NCI) An alkaloid isolated from the stem wood of the Chinese tree, Camptotheca acuminata. This compound selectively inhibits the nuclear enzyme DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I. Several semisynthetic analogs of camptothecin have demonstrated antitumor activity. A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is pyrano[3,4:6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline which is substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 14, and by an ethyl group and a hydroxy group at position 4 (the S enantiomer). Camptothecin (CPT), a kind of alkaloid, is a DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I) inhibitor with an IC50 of 679 nM[1]. Camptothecin (CPT) exhibits powerful antineoplastic activity against colorectal, breast, lung and ovarian cancers, modulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) activity by changing microRNAs (miRNA) expression patterns in human cancer cells[2][3]. Camptothecin (CPT), a kind of alkaloid, is a DNA topoisomerase I (Topo I) inhibitor with an IC50 of 679 nM[1]. Camptothecin (CPT) exhibits powerful antineoplastic activity against colorectal, breast, lung and ovarian cancers, modulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) activity by changing microRNAs (miRNA) expression patterns in human cancer cells[2][3].
Succinic acid
Succinic acid appears as white crystals or shiny white odorless crystalline powder. pH of 0.1 molar solution: 2.7. Very acid taste. (NTP, 1992) Succinic acid is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. It has a role as a nutraceutical, a radiation protective agent, an anti-ulcer drug, a micronutrient and a fundamental metabolite. It is an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid and a C4-dicarboxylic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a succinate(1-). A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawleys Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851) Succinic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Succinic acid is a dicarboxylic acid. The anion, succinate, is a component of the citric acid cycle capable of donating electrons to the electron transfer chain. Succinic acid is created as a byproduct of the fermentation of sugar. It lends to fermented beverages such as wine and beer a common taste that is a combination of saltiness, bitterness and acidity. Succinate is commonly used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. Succinate plays a role in the citric acid cycle, an energy-yielding process and is metabolized by succinate dehydrogenase to fumarate. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) plays an important role in the mitochondria, being both part of the respiratory chain and the Krebs cycle. SDH with a covalently attached FAD prosthetic group, binds enzyme substrates (succinate and fumarate) and physiological regulators (oxaloacetate and ATP). Oxidizing succinate links SDH to the fast-cycling Krebs cycle portion where it participates in the breakdown of acetyl-CoA throughout the whole Krebs cycle. Succinate can readily be imported into the mitochondrial matrix by the n-butylmalonate- (or phenylsuccinate-) sensitive dicarboxylate carrier in exchange with inorganic phosphate or another organic acid, e.g. malate. (A3509) Mutations in the four genes encoding the subunits of succinate dehydrogenase are associated with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations (i.e.: Huntingtons disease. (A3510). Succinate also acts as an oncometabolite. Succinate inhibits 2-oxoglutarate-dependent histone and DNA demethylase enzymes, resulting in epigenetic silencing that affects neuroendocrine differentiation. A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawleys Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851) Succinic acid (succinate) is a dicarboxylic acid. It is an important component of the citric acid or TCA cycle and is capable of donating electrons to the electron transfer chain. Succinate is found in all living organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to mammals. In eukaryotes, succinate is generated in the mitochondria via the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA). Succinate can readily be imported into the mitochondrial matrix by the n-butylmalonate- (or phenylsuccinate-) sensitive dicarboxylate carrier in exchange with inorganic phosphate or another organic acid, e. g. malate (PMID 16143825). Succinate can exit the mitochondrial matrix and function in the cytoplasm as well as the extracellular space. Succinate has multiple biological roles including roles as a metabolic intermediate and roles as a cell signalling molecule. Succinate can alter gene expression patterns, thereby modulating the epigenetic landscape or it can exhibit hormone-like signaling functions (PMID: 26971832). As such, succinate links cellular metabolism, especially ATP formation, to the regulation of cellular function. Succinate can be broken down or metabolized into fumarate by the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), which is part of the electron transport chain involved in making ATP. Dysregulation of succinate synthesis, and therefore ATP synthesis, can happen in a number of genetic mitochondrial diseases, such as Leigh syndrome, and Melas syndrome. Succinate has been found to be associated with D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, which is an inborn error of metabolism. Succinic acid has recently been identified as an oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer causing metabolite. High levels of this organic acid can be found in tumors or biofluids surrounding tumors. Its oncogenic action appears to due to its ability to inhibit prolyl hydroxylase-containing enzymes. In many tumours, oxygen availability becomes limited (hypoxia) very quickly due to rapid cell proliferation and limited blood vessel growth. The major regulator of the response to hypoxia is the HIF transcription factor (HIF-alpha). Under normal oxygen levels, protein levels of HIF-alpha are very low due to constant degradation, mediated by a series of post-translational modification events catalyzed by the prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes PHD1, 2 and 3, (also known as EglN2, 1 and 3) that hydroxylate HIF-alpha and lead to its degradation. All three of the PHD enzymes are inhibited by succinate. In humans, urinary succinic acid is produced by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter frundii, Enterococcus faecalis (PMID: 22292465). Succinic acid is also found in Actinobacillus, Anaerobiospirillum, Mannheimia, Corynebacterium and Basfia (PMID: 22292465; PMID: 18191255; PMID: 26360870). Succinic acid is widely distributed in higher plants and produced by microorganisms. It is found in cheeses and fresh meats. Succinic acid is a flavouring enhancer, pH control agent [DFC]. Succinic acid is also found in yellow wax bean, swamp cabbage, peanut, and abalone. An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID S004 Succinic acid is a potent and orally active anxiolytic agent. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid can be used as a precursor of many industrially important chemicals in food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries[1][2]. Succinic acid is a potent and orally active anxiolytic agent. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid can be used as a precursor of many industrially important chemicals in food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries[1][2].
Myristic acid
Tetradecanoic acid is an oily white crystalline solid. (NTP, 1992) Tetradecanoic acid is a straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat. It has a role as a human metabolite, an EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor, a Daphnia magna metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a long-chain fatty acid and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a tetradecanoate. Myristic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Myristic acid is a natural product found in Gladiolus italicus, Staphisagria macrosperma, and other organisms with data available. Myristic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 14-carbon backbone. Myristic acid is found naturally in palm oil, coconut oil and butter fat. Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed). Myristic acid is also commonly added to a penultimate nitrogen terminus glycine in receptor-associated kinases to confer the membrane localisation of the enzyme. this is achieved by the myristic acid having a high enough hydrophobicity to become incorporated into the fatty acyl core of the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane of the eukaryotic cell.(wikipedia). myristic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed) See also: Cod Liver Oil (part of); Saw Palmetto (part of). Myristic acid, also known as tetradecanoic acid or C14:0, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Myristic acid (its ester is called myristate) is a saturated fatty acid that has 14 carbons; as such, it is a very hydrophobic molecule that is practically insoluble in water. It exists as an oily white crystalline solid. Myristic acid is found in all living organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals, and is found in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat, as well as coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. Industrially, myristic acid is used to synthesize a variety of flavour compounds and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics (Dorland, 28th ed). Within eukaryotic cells, myristic acid is also commonly conjugated to a penultimate N-terminal glycine residue in receptor-associated kinases to confer membrane localization of these enzymes (a post-translational modification called myristoylation via the enzyme N-myristoyltransferase). Myristic acid has a high enough hydrophobicity to allow the myristoylated protein to become incorporated into the fatty acyl core of the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Also, this fatty acid is known because it accumulates as fat in the body; however, its consumption also impacts positively on cardiovascular health (see, for example, PMID: 15936650). Myristic acid is named after the scientific name for nutmeg, Myristica fragrans, from which it was first isolated in 1841 by Lyon Playfair. Myristic acid, also known as 14 or N-tetradecanoic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Thus, myristic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Myristic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Myristic acid can be found in a number of food items such as strawberry, barley, nutmeg, and soy bean, which makes myristic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Myristic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood, saliva, and feces, as well as throughout most human tissues. Myristic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, myristic acid is involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis. Moreover, myristic acid is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Myristic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Myristic acid (IUPAC systematic name: 1-tetradecanoic acid) is a common saturated fatty acid with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)12COOH. Its salts and esters are commonly referred to as myristates. It is named after the binomial name for nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), from which it was first isolated in 1841 by Lyon Playfair . A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat. Nutmeg butter has 75\\\% trimyristin, the triglyceride of myristic acid and a source from which it can be synthesised.[13] Besides nutmeg, myristic acid is found in palm kernel oil, coconut oil, butterfat, 8–14\\\% of bovine milk, and 8.6\\\% of breast milk as well as being a minor component of many other animal fats.[9] It is found in spermaceti, the crystallized fraction of oil from the sperm whale. It is also found in the rhizomes of the Iris, including Orris root.[14][15] Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils.
Palmitic acid
Palmitic acid, also known as palmitate or hexadecanoic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Thus, palmitic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Palmitic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Palmitic acid can be found in a number of food items such as sacred lotus, spinach, shallot, and corn salad, which makes palmitic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Palmitic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including feces, sweat, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as throughout most human tissues. Palmitic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, palmitic acid is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include alendronate action pathway, rosuvastatin action pathway, simvastatin action pathway, and cerivastatin action pathway. Palmitic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include hypercholesterolemia, familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency, ethylmalonic encephalopathy, and carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency (I). Moreover, palmitic acid is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Palmitic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D is 16:0. As its name indicates, it is a major component of the oil from the fruit of oil palms (palm oil). Palmitic acid can also be found in meats, cheeses, butter, and dairy products. Palmitate is the salts and esters of palmitic acid. The palmitate anion is the observed form of palmitic acid at physiologic pH (7.4) . Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced during lipogenesis (fatty acid synthesis) and from which longer fatty acids can be produced. Palmitate negatively feeds back on acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) which is responsible for converting acetyl-ACP to malonyl-ACP on the growing acyl chain, thus preventing further palmitate generation (DrugBank). Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid, is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in animals, plants, and microorganisms. As its name indicates, it is a major component of the oil from the fruit of oil palms (palm oil). Excess carbohydrates in the body are converted to palmitic acid. Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced during fatty acid synthesis and is the precursor to longer fatty acids. As a consequence, palmitic acid is a major body component of animals. In humans, one analysis found it to make up 21–30\\\% (molar) of human depot fat (PMID: 13756126), and it is a major, but highly variable, lipid component of human breast milk (PMID: 352132). Palmitic acid is used to produce soaps, cosmetics, and industrial mould release agents. These applications use sodium palmitate, which is commonly obtained by saponification of palm oil. To this end, palm oil, rendered from palm tree (species Elaeis guineensis), is treated with sodium hydroxide (in the form of caustic soda or lye), which causes hydrolysis of the ester groups, yielding glycerol and sodium palmitate. Aluminium salts of palmitic acid and naphthenic acid were combined during World War II to produce napalm. The word "napalm" is derived from the words naphthenic acid and palmitic acid (Wikipedia). Palmitic acid is also used in the determination of water hardness and is a surfactant of Levovist, an intravenous ultrasonic contrast agent. Hexadecanoic acid is a straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. It has a role as an EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor, a plant metabolite, a Daphnia magna metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a long-chain fatty acid and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a hexadecanoate. A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids. Palmitic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Palmitic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 16-carbon backbone. Palmitic acid is found naturally in palm oil and palm kernel oil, as well as in butter, cheese, milk and meat. Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in animals and plants, a saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids. It occurs in the form of esters (glycerides) in oils and fats of vegetable and animal origin and is usually obtained from palm oil, which is widely distributed in plants. Palmitic acid is used in determination of water hardness and is an active ingredient of *Levovist*TM, used in echo enhancement in sonographic Doppler B-mode imaging and as an ultrasound contrast medium. A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids. A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. Palmitic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=57-10-3 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 57-10-3). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
beta-Carotene
Beta-carotene is a cyclic carotene obtained by dimerisation of all-trans-retinol. A strongly-coloured red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruit and the most active and important provitamin A carotenoid. It has a role as a biological pigment, a provitamin A, a plant metabolite, a human metabolite, a mouse metabolite, a cofactor, a ferroptosis inhibitor and an antioxidant. It is a cyclic carotene and a carotenoid beta-end derivative. Beta-carotene, with the molecular formula C40H56, belongs to the group of carotenoids consisting of isoprene units. The presence of long chains of conjugated double bonds donates beta-carotene with specific colors. It is the most abundant form of carotenoid and it is a precursor of the vitamin A. Beta-carotene is composed of two retinyl groups. It is an antioxidant that can be found in yellow, orange and green leafy vegetables and fruits. Under the FDA, beta-carotene is considered as a generally recognized as safe substance (GRAS). Beta-Carotene is a natural product found in Epicoccum nigrum, Lonicera japonica, and other organisms with data available. Beta-Carotene is a naturally-occurring retinol (vitamin A) precursor obtained from certain fruits and vegetables with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As an anti-oxidant, beta carotene inhibits free-radical damage to DNA. This agent also induces cell differentiation and apoptosis of some tumor cell types, particularly in early stages of tumorigenesis, and enhances immune system activity by stimulating the release of natural killer cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes. (NCI04) beta-Carotene is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC). See also: Lycopene (part of); Broccoli (part of); Lycium barbarum fruit (part of). Beta-Carotene belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carotenes. These are a type of polyunsaturated hydrocarbon molecules containing eight consecutive isoprene units. Carotenes are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Beta-carotene is therefore considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Beta-carotene is a strongly coloured red-orange pigment abundant in fungi, plants, and fruits. It is synthesized biochemically from eight isoprene units and therefore has 40 carbons. Among the carotenes, beta-carotene is distinguished by having beta-rings at both ends of the molecule. Beta-Carotene is biosynthesized from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. It is the most common form of carotene in plants. In nature, Beta-carotene is a precursor (inactive form) to vitamin A. Vitamin A is produed via the action of beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase on carotenes. In mammals, carotenoid absorption is restricted to the duodenum of the small intestine and dependent on a class B scavenger receptor (SR-B1) membrane protein, which is also responsible for the absorption of vitamin E. One molecule of beta-carotene can be cleaved by the intestinal enzyme Beta-Beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase into two molecules of vitamin A. Beta-Carotene contributes to the orange color of many different fruits and vegetables. Vietnamese gac and crude palm oil are particularly rich sources, as are yellow and orange fruits, such as cantaloupe, mangoes, pumpkin, and papayas, and orange root vegetables such as carrots and sweet potatoes. Excess beta-carotene is predominantly stored in the fat tissues of the body. The most common side effect of excessive beta-carotene consumption is carotenodermia, a physically harmless condition that presents as a conspicuous orange skin tint arising from deposition of the carotenoid in the outermost layer of the epidermis. Yellow food colour, dietary supplement, nutrient, Vitamin A precursor. Nutriceutical with antioxidation props. beta-Carotene is found in many foods, some of which are summer savory, gram bean, sunburst squash (pattypan squash), and other bread product. A cyclic carotene obtained by dimerisation of all-trans-retinol. A strongly-coloured red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruit and the most active and important provitamin A carotenoid. D - Dermatologicals > D02 - Emollients and protectives > D02B - Protectives against uv-radiation > D02BB - Protectives against uv-radiation for systemic use A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A11 - Vitamins > A11C - Vitamin a and d, incl. combinations of the two > A11CA - Vitamin a, plain D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins > D000072664 - Provitamins
Lycopene
Lycopene is an acyclic carotene commonly obtained from tomatoes and other red fruits. It has a role as an antioxidant and a plant metabolite. It contains a carotenoid psi-end derivative. Lycopene is a naturally occuring red carotenoid pigment that is responsible in red to pink colors seen in tomatoes, pink grapefruit, and other foods. Having a chemical formula of C40H56, lycopene is a tetraterpene assembled from eight isoprene units that are solely composed of carbon and hydrogen. Lycophene may undergo extensive isomerization that allows 1056 theoretical cis-trans configurations; however the all-trans configuration of lycopene is the most predominant isomer found in foods that gives the red hue. Lycopene is a non-essential human nutrient that is classified as a non-provitamin A carotenoid pigment since it lacks a terminal beta ionone ring and does not mediate vitamin A activity. However lycophene is a potent antioxidant molecule that scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) singlet oxygen. Tomato lycopene extract is used as a color additive in food products. Lycopene is a natural product found in Rhodobacter capsulatus, Afifella marina, and other organisms with data available. Lycopene is a linear, unsaturated hydrocarbon carotenoid, the major red pigment in fruits such as tomatoes, pink grapefruit, apricots, red oranges, watermelon, rosehips, and guava. As a class, carotenoids are pigment compounds found in photosynthetic organisms (plants, algae, and some types of fungus), and are chemically characterized by a large polyene chain containing 35-40 carbon atoms; some carotenoid polyene chains are terminated by two 6-carbon rings. In animals, carotenoids such as lycopene may possess antioxidant properties which may retard aging and many degenerative diseases. As an essential nutrient, lycopene is required in the animal diet. (NCI04) A carotenoid and red pigment produced by tomatoes, other red fruits and vegetables, and photosynthetic algae. It is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of other carotenoids, and has antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, radioprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. Lycopene (molecular formula: C40H56) is a bright red carotenoid pigment. It is a phytochemical found in tomatoes and other red fruits. Lycopene is the most common carotenoid in the human body and is one of the most potent carotenoid antioxidants. Its name is derived from the tomatos species classification, Solanum lycopersicum. Lycopene is a terpene assembled from 8 isoprene units. Lycopene is the most powerful carotenoid quencher of singlet oxygen. Singlet oxygen from ultraviolet light is a primary cause of skin aging (Wikipedia). D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids An acyclic carotene commonly obtained from tomatoes and other red fruits. D020011 - Protective Agents > D011837 - Radiation-Protective Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D016588 - Anticarcinogenic Agents D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents It is used as food colouring
Jasmonic acid
Jasmonic acid is an oxo monocarboxylic acid that is (3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid substituted by a (2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl group at position 2 of the cyclopentane ring. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a member of jasmonates. It is a conjugate acid of a jasmonate(1-). It is an enantiomer of a (+)-jasmonic acid. Jasmonic acid is a natural product found in Ficus superba, Cleyera japonica, and other organisms with data available. Jasmonic acid is found in apple. Esters are present in Jasminum grandiflorum (royal jasmine) and are responsible for its odour. Jasmonic acid is a member of the jasmonate class of plant hormones. It is biosynthesized from linolenic acid by the octadecanoid pathway An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is (3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid substituted by a (2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl group at position 2 of the cyclopentane ring. Esters are present in Jasminum grandiflorum (royal jasmine) and are responsible for its odour [DFC] D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators
Squalene
Squalene is an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon (carotenoid) with six unconjugated double bonds found in human sebum (5\\\\%), fish liver oils, yeast lipids, and many vegetable oils (e.g. palm oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil). Squalene is a volatile component of the scent material from Saguinus oedipus (cotton-top tamarin monkey) and Saguinus fuscicollis (saddle-back tamarin monkey) (Hawleys Condensed Chemical Reference). Squalene is a component of adult human sebum that is principally responsible for fixing fingerprints (ChemNetBase). It is a natural organic compound originally obtained for commercial purposes primarily from shark liver oil, though there are botanical sources as well, including rice bran, wheat germ, and olives. All higher organisms produce squalene, including humans. It is a hydrocarbon and a triterpene. Squalene is a biochemical precursor to the whole family of steroids. Oxidation of one of the terminal double bonds of squalene yields 2,3-squalene oxide which undergoes enzyme-catalyzed cyclization to afford lanosterol, which is then elaborated into cholesterol and other steroids. Squalene is a low-density compound often stored in the bodies of cartilaginous fishes such as sharks, which lack a swim bladder and must therefore reduce their body density with fats and oils. Squalene, which is stored mainly in the sharks liver, is lighter than water with a specific gravity of 0.855 (Wikipedia) Squalene is used as a bactericide. It is also an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, rubber chemicals, and colouring materials (Physical Constants of Chemical Substances). Trans-squalene is a clear, slightly yellow liquid with a faint odor. Density 0.858 g / cm3. Squalene is a triterpene consisting of 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane having six double bonds at the 2-, 6-, 10-, 14-, 18- and 22-positions with (all-E)-configuration. It has a role as a human metabolite, a plant metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite and a mouse metabolite. Squalene is originally obtained from shark liver oil. It is a natural 30-carbon isoprenoid compound and intermediate metabolite in the synthesis of cholesterol. It is not susceptible to lipid peroxidation and provides skin protection. It is ubiquitously distributed in human tissues where it is transported in serum generally in association with very low density lipoproteins. Squalene is investigated as an adjunctive cancer therapy. Squalene is a natural product found in Ficus septica, Garcinia multiflora, and other organisms with data available. squalene is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A natural 30-carbon triterpene. See also: Olive Oil (part of); Shark Liver Oil (part of). A triterpene consisting of 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane having six double bonds at the 2-, 6-, 10-, 14-, 18- and 22-positions with (all-E)-configuration. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Squalene is an intermediate product in the synthesis of cholesterol, and shows several pharmacological properties such as hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, and antitoxicant activity. Squalene also has anti-fungal activity and can be used for the research of Trichophyton mentagrophytes research[2]. Squalene is an intermediate product in the synthesis of cholesterol, and shows several pharmacological properties such as hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, and antitoxicant activity. Squalene also has anti-fungal activity and can be used for the research of Trichophyton mentagrophytes research[2].
Picolinic acid
Picolinic acid is a metabolite of the tryptophan catabolism. Picolinic acid is produced under inflammatory conditions and a costimulus with interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) of macrophage (Mphi) effector functions, is a selective inducer of the Mphi inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) and -1beta (MIPs), two chemokines/cytokines involved in the elicitation of the inflammatory reactions and in the development of the Th1 responses. IFNgamma and picolinic acid have reciprocal effects on the production of MIPs chemokines and the expression of their receptor. The concerted action of IFNgamma and picolinic acid on MIP-1alpha/beta chemokine/receptor system is likely to be of pathophysiological significance and to represent an important regulatory mechanism for leukocyte recruitment and distribution into damaged tissues during inflammatory responses. Picolinic acid has an effect on the production of L-arginine-derived reactive nitrogen intermediates in macrophages, by augmenting IFN-gamma-induced NO2- production, and acts synergistically with IFN-gamma in activating macrophages. Children with acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE) are treated with oral zinc dipicolinate (zinc-PA). The concentration of picolinic acid in the plasma of asymptomatic children with AE was significantly less than that of normal children. However, oral treatment with PA alone is ineffective. The results support the hypothesis that the genetic defect in AE is in the tryptophan pathway, although the role of PA in zinc metabolism remains to be defined. (PMID:15206716, 8473748, 1701787, 6694049). Picolinic acid is a metabolite of the tryptophan catabolism. Picolinic acid is produced under inflammatory conditions and a costimulus with interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) of macrophage (Mphi) effector functions, is a selective inducer of the Mphi inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) and -1beta (MIPs), two chemokines/cytokines involved in the elicitation of the inflammatory reactions and in the development of the Th1 responses. IFNgamma and picolinic acid have reciprocal effects on the production of MIPs chemokines and the expression of their receptor. The concerted action of IFNgamma and picolinic acid on MIP-1alpha/beta chemokine/receptor system is likely to be of pathophysiological significance and to represent an important regulatory mechanism for leukocyte recruitment and distribution into damaged tissues during inflammatory responses. Picolinic acid has an effect on the production of L-arginine-derived reactive nitrogen intermediates in macrophages, by augmenting IFN-gamma-induced NO2- production, and acts synergistically with IFN-gamma in activating macrophages. D064449 - Sequestering Agents > D002614 - Chelating Agents > D007502 - Iron Chelating Agents [Raw Data] CBA16_Picolinic-acid_pos_10eV_1-8_01_816.txt [Raw Data] CBA16_Picolinic-acid_pos_20eV_1-8_01_817.txt KEIO_ID P045 Picolinic acid (PCL 016) is a topical antiviral agent, which inhibits adenovirus replication in rabbits.
Stearic acid
Stearic acid, also known as stearate or N-octadecanoic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Thus, stearic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Stearic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Stearic acid can be synthesized from octadecane. Stearic acid is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, 3-oxooctadecanoic acid, (9S,10S)-10-hydroxy-9-(phosphonooxy)octadecanoic acid, and 16-methyloctadecanoic acid. Stearic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green bell pepper, common oregano, ucuhuba, and babassu palm, which makes stearic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Stearic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including urine, feces, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and sweat, as well as throughout most human tissues. Stearic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, stearic acid is involved in the plasmalogen synthesis. Stearic acid is also involved in mitochondrial beta-oxidation of long chain saturated fatty acids, which is a metabolic disorder. Moreover, stearic acid is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Stearic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Stearic acid ( STEER-ik, stee-ARR-ik) is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain and has the IUPAC name octadecanoic acid. It is a waxy solid and its chemical formula is C17H35CO2H. Its name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéar", which means tallow. The salts and esters of stearic acid are called stearates. As its ester, stearic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in nature following palmitic acid. The triglyceride derived from three molecules of stearic acid is called stearin . Stearic acid, also known as octadecanoic acid or C18:0, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Stearic acid (its ester is called stearate) is a saturated fatty acid that has 18 carbons and is therefore a very hydrophobic molecule that is practically insoluble in water. It exists as a waxy solid. In terms of its biosynthesis, stearic acid is produced from carbohydrates via the fatty acid synthesis machinery wherein acetyl-CoA contributes two-carbon building blocks, up to the 16-carbon palmitate, via the enzyme complex fatty acid synthase (FA synthase), at which point a fatty acid elongase is needed to further lengthen it. After synthesis, there are a variety of reactions it may undergo, including desaturation to oleate via stearoyl-CoA desaturase (PMID: 16477801). Stearic acid is found in all living organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. It is one of the useful types of saturated fatty acids that comes from many animal and vegetable fats and oils. For example, it is a component of cocoa butter and shea butter. It is used as a food additive, in cleaning and personal care products, and in lubricants. Its name comes from the Greek word stear, which means ‚Äòtallow‚Äô or ‚Äòhard fat‚Äô. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils.
Fumonisin B1
Fumonisin B1 is from Fusarium moniliforme Fumonisin B1 is an inhibitor of ceramide synthase D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D013723 - Teratogens D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors From Fusarium moniliforme
Wortmannin
D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006727 - Hormone Antagonists > D007329 - Insulin Antagonists C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C2152 - Phosphatidylinositide 3-Kinase Inhibitor D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D047428 - Protein Kinase Inhibitors D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C1742 - Angiogenesis Inhibitor C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1404 - Protein Kinase Inhibitor D011838 - Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
Gibberellin A4
A C19-gibberellin, initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi and differing from gibberellin A1 by the substitution of the OH at C-7 (gibbane numbering) by H. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 16
Gibberellin A3
Gibberellic acid, also known as gibberellin A3, GA, or GA3, is a very potent hormone whose natural occurrence in plants controls their development. Since GA regulates growth, applications of very low concentrations can have a profound effect while too much will have the opposite effect. Gibberellic acid is a hormone found in plants. Gibberellic acid is a simple gibberellin promoting the growth and elongation of cells. It affects the decomposition of plants. It also helps plants grow if used in small amounts but eventually, plants grow a tolerance for it. Gibberellic acid stimulates the cells of germinating seeds to produce mRNA molecules that code for hydrolytic enzymes. Gibberellic acid is a white powder. (NTP, 1992) Gibberellin A3 is a C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and elongation of cells in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi,it differs from gibberellin A1 in the presence of a double bond between C-3 and C-4. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a lactone, a gibberellin monocarboxylic acid, an organic heteropentacyclic compound and a C19-gibberellin. It is a conjugate acid of a gibberellin A3(1-). Gibberellic acid is a natural product found in Cocos nucifera, Prunus cerasus, and other organisms with data available. Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that regulate growth and influence various developmental processes, including stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, sex expression, enzyme induction, and leaf and fruit senescence. Gibberellins is found in many foods, some of which are common wheat, potato, sunflower, and common pea. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 449; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3262; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3260 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 449; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3253; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3251 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 449; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3271; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3269 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 449; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3249; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3246 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 449; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX506; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3255; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3254 KEIO_ID G074 Gibberellic Acid is named after a fungus Gibberella fujikuroi . Gibberellic Acid regulates processes of plant development and growth, including seed development and germination, stem and root growth, cell division, and flowering time[1]. Gibberellic Acid is named after a fungus Gibberella fujikuroi . Gibberellic Acid regulates processes of plant development and growth, including seed development and germination, stem and root growth, cell division, and flowering time[1].
Fumonisin B2
Fumonisin B2 is from Fusarium moniliforme Fumonisin B2 is a fumonisin mycotoxin produced by the fungi Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium moniliforme. It is a structural analog of fumonisin B1. Fumonisin B2 is more cytotoxic than fumonisin B1. Fumonisin B2 inhibits sphingosine acyltransferase D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens From Fusarium moniliforme
Oleic acid
Oleic acid (or 9Z)-Octadecenoic acid) is an unsaturated C-18 or an omega-9 fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils. It is an odorless, colorless oil, although commercial samples may be yellowish. The name derives from the Latin word oleum, which means oil. Oleic acid is the most abundant fatty acid in human adipose tissue, and the second most abundant in human tissues overall, following palmitic acid. Oleic acid is a component of the normal human diet, being a part of animal fats and vegetable oils. Triglycerides of oleic acid represent the majority of olive oil (about 70\\\\%). Oleic acid triglycerides also make up 59–75\\\\% of pecan oil, 61\\\\% of canola oil, 36–67\\\\% of peanut oil, 60\\\\% of macadamia oil, 20–80\\\\% of sunflower oil, 15–20\\\\% of grape seed oil, sea buckthorn oil, 40\\\\% of sesame oil, and 14\\\\% of poppyseed oil. High oleic variants of plant sources such as sunflower (~80\\\\%) and canola oil (70\\\\%) also have been developed. consumption has been associated with decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and possibly with increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, however, the ability of oleic acid to raise HDL is still debated. Oleic acid may be responsible for the hypotensive (blood pressure reducing) effects of olive oil that is considered a health benefit. Oleic acid is used in manufacturing of surfactants, soaps, plasticizers. It is also used as an emulsifying agent in foods and pharmaceuticals. Oleic acid is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. Major constituent of plant oils e.g. olive oil (ca. 80\\\\%), almond oil (ca. 80\\\\%) and many others, mainly as glyceride. Constituent of tall oiland is also present in apple, melon, raspberry oil, tomato, banana, roasted peanuts, black tea, rice bran, cardamon, plum brandy, peated malt, dairy products and various animal fats. Component of citrus fruit coatings. Emulsifying agent in foods CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 290 COVID info from WikiPathways Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Oleic acid (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid) is an abundant monounsaturated fatty acid[1]. Oleic acid is a Na+/K+ ATPase activator[2]. Oleic acid (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid) is an abundant monounsaturated fatty acid[1]. Oleic acid is a Na+/K+ ATPase activator[2].
Dodecanoic acid
Dodecanoic acid, also known as dodecanoate or lauric acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms. Dodecanoic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Dodecanoic acid is the main fatty acid in coconut oil and in palm kernel oil, and is believed to have antimicrobial properties. It is a white, powdery solid with a faint odour of bay oil. Dodecanoic acid, although slightly irritating to mucous membranes, has a very low toxicity and so is used in many soaps and shampoos. Defoamer, lubricant. It is used in fruit coatings. Occurs as glyceride in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. Simple esters are flavour ingredients Lauric acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=143-07-7 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 143-07-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Lauric acid is a middle chain-free fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties. The EC50s for P. acnes, S.aureus, S. epidermidis, are 2, 6, 4 μg/mL, respectively. Lauric acid is a middle chain-free fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties. The EC50s for P. acnes, S.aureus, S. epidermidis, are 2, 6, 4 μg/mL, respectively.
(S,E)-Zearalenone
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 211; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4903; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4902 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 211; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4907; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4903 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 211; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4915; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4913 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 211; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4892; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4888 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 211; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4889; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4888 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 211; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4992; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4988 Fungal metabolite of Fusarium subspecies and of Gibberella zeae. Potential food mycotoxin. Has weak estrogenic activity and causes physiol. changes when ingested by animals as foodstuffs contaminant. (S,E)-Zearalenone is found in corn. D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D004967 - Estrogens Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2248 cis-Zearalenone is a metabolite of Fusarium species. Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium in foods and feeds. Possess oestrogenic activity in pigs, cattle and sheep, with low acute toxicity. Causes precocious development of mammae and other estrogenic effects in young gilts[1][2]. Zearalenone is a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium in foods and feeds. Possess oestrogenic activity in pigs, cattle and sheep, with low acute toxicity. Causes precocious development of mammae and other estrogenic effects in young gilts[1][2].
FUSARENON X
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
3,9,15-Tribenzyl-4,10,16-trimethyl-6,12,18-tri(propan-2-yl)-1,7,13-trioxa-4,10,16-triazacyclooctadecane-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexone
[Raw Data] CBA19_Beauvericin_pos_20eV_1-1_01_1374.txt [Raw Data] CBA19_Beauvericin_pos_50eV_1-1_01_1485.txt [Raw Data] CBA19_Beauvericin_pos_10eV_1-1_01_1352.txt [Raw Data] CBA19_Beauvericin_pos_40eV_1-1_01_1376.txt [Raw Data] CBA19_Beauvericin_pos_30eV_1-1_01_1483.txt Beauvericin is a Fusarium mycotoxin. Beauvericin inhibits acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC50 of 3 μM in an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes[1]. Beauvericin is a Fusarium mycotoxin. Beauvericin inhibits acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC50 of 3 μM in an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes[1].
Diacetoxyscirpenol
Diacetoxyscirpenol is a constituent of Fusarium species Mycotoxin D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins Constituent of Fusarium subspecies Mycotoxin C784 - Protein Synthesis Inhibitor D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
Deoxynivalenol
Deoxynivalenol is found in cereals and cereal products. Deoxynivalenol is produced by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium roseum, responsible for headblight in cereals Vomitoxin, also known as deoxynivalenol (DON), is a type B trichothecene, an epoxy-sesquiterpeneoid. This mycotoxin occurs predominantly in grains such as wheat, barley, oats, rye, and maize, and less often in rice, sorghum, and triticale. The occurrence of deoxynivalenol is associated primarily with Fusarium graminearum (Gibberella zeae) and F. culmorum, both of which are important plant pathogens which cause Fusarium head blight in wheat and Gibberella ear rot in maize. Deoxynivalenol is a direct relationship between the incidence of Fusarium head blight and contamination of wheat with deoxynivalenol has been established. The incidence of Fusarium head blight is strongly associated with moisture at the time of flowering (anthesis), and the timing of rainfall, rather than the amount, is the most critical factor. Furthermore, deoxynivalenol contents are significantly affected by the susceptibility of cultivars towards Fusarium species, previous crop, tillage practices, and fungicide us Production by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium roseum, responsible for headblight in cereals D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
Methyl jasmonate
Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Flavouring ingredient. From Jasminum grandiflorum (royal jasmine) D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators lo Methyl 2-(3-oxo-2-(pent-2-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)acetate is an endogenous metabolite. Methyl 2-(3-oxo-2-(pent-2-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl)acetate is an endogenous metabolite.
Styrene
Styrene, also known as vinylbenzene or phenylethylene, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as styrenes. These are organic compounds containing an ethenylbenzene moiety. The metabolites of styrene are excreted mainly in the urine. Styrene is possibly neutral. Styrene is a sweet, balsamic, and floral tasting compound. Styrene has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as coffee and coffee products, fruits, cocoa and cocoa products, alcoholic beverages, and chinese cinnamons. This could make styrene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. A minor pathway of styrene metabolism involves the formation of phenylacetaldehyde from styrene 7,8-oxide or cytochrome P450 conversion of styrene to pheylethanol and subsequent metabolism to phenylacetic acid. Styrene is formally rated as a possible carcinogen (by IARC 2B) and is also a potentially toxic compound. Styrene oxide is predominantly metabolized by epoxide hydrolase to form styrene glycol; the styrene glycol is subsequently converted to mandelic acid, phenylglyoxylic acid, and hippuric acid. Styrene, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and ulcerative colitis; styrene has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder celiac disease. Styrene may be absorbed following ingestion, inhalation, or dermal exposure. Breathing high levels of styrene may cause nervous system effects such as changes in color vision, tiredness, feeling drunk, slowed reaction time, concentration problems, or balance problems. Chest burning, wheezing, and dyspnea may also occur. Styrene causes nervous system depression and may be carcinogenic. Present in cranberry, bilberry, currants, grapes, vinegar, parsley, milk and dairy products, whisky, cocoa, coffee, tea, roasted filberts and peanuts. Flavouring ingredient. Polymers are used in ion-exchange resins in food processing. Indirect food additive arising from adhesives, oatings and packaging materials
Fusaric acid
C10H13NO2 (179.09462380000002)
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents Fusaric acid is a potent dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitor.
Gibberellin A9
A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and elongation of cells in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi it differs from gibberellin A1 in the absence of OH groups at C-2 and C-7 (gibbane numberings).
gibberellin A20
A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and development. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi, it differs from gibberellin A1 in lacking an OH group at C-2 (gibbane numbering).
gibberellin A24
A C20-gibberellin that consists of a tetracyclic skeleton bearing two carboxy and a formyl group. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins
Phytoene
Phytoene, also known as all-trans-phytoene or 15-cis-phytoene, is a member of the class of compounds known as carotenes. Carotenes are a type of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing eight consecutive isoprene units. They are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family. Thus, phytoene is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Phytoene can be found in a number of food items such as turmeric, garden onion, winter squash, and coconut, which makes phytoene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Phytoene can be found primarily in blood and breast milk. Phytoene (FY-toe-een) is a 40-carbon intermediate in the biosynthesis of carotenoids. The synthesis of phytoene is the first committed step in the synthesis of carotenoids in plants. Phytoene is produced from two molecules of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) by the action of the enzyme phytoene synthase. The two GGPP molecules are condensed together followed by removal of diphosphate and proton shift leading to the formation of phytoene . Phytoene, also known as 7,7,8,8,11,11,12,12-octahydrocarotene, is a carotenoid found in human fluids. Carotenoids are isoprenoid molecules that are widespread in nature and are typically seen as pigments in fruits, flowers, birds, and crustacea. Animals are unable to synthesize carotenoids de novo, and rely upon the diet as a source of these compounds. Over recent years there has been considerable interest in dietary carotenoids with respect to their potential in alleviating age-related diseases in humans. This attention has been mirrored by significant advances in cloning most of the carotenoid genes and in the genetic manipulation of crop plants with the intention of increasing levels in the diet. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between the consumption of certain fruits and vegetables and the risk of epithelial cancer. Since carotenoids are among the micronutrients found in cancer-preventive foods, detailed qualitative and quantitative determination of these compounds, particularly in fruits and vegetables and in human plasma, have recently become increasingly important (PMID: 1416048, 15003396). D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
all-trans-Phytofluene
all-trans-Phytofluene is a carotenoid found in human fluids. Carotenoids are isoprenoid molecules that are widespread in nature and are typically seen as pigments in fruits, flowers, birds, and crustacea. Animals are unable to synthesize carotenoids de novo, and rely upon the diet as a source of these compounds. Over recent years there has been considerable interest in dietary carotenoids with respect to their potential in alleviating age-related diseases in humans. This attention has been mirrored by significant advances in cloning most of the carotenoid genes and in the genetic manipulation of crop plants with the intention of increasing levels in the diet. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between the consumption of certain fruits and vegetables and the risk of epithelial cancer. Since carotenoids are among the micronutrients found in cancer preventive foods, detailed qualitative and quantitative determination of these compounds, particularly in fruits and vegetables and in human plasma, have recently become increasingly important. (PMID: 1416048, 15003396). D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids 7,7,8,8,11,12-Hexahydro-Carotene is a carotenoid found in human fluids.
Coenzyme Q10
Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) is a naturally occurring compound widely distributed in animal organisms and in humans. The primary compounds involved in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone are 4-hydroxybenzoate and the polyprenyl chain. An essential role of coenzyme Q10 is as an electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Moreover, coenzyme Q10 is one of the most important lipophilic antioxidants, preventing the generation of free radicals as well as oxidative modifications of proteins, lipids, and DNA, it and can also regenerate the other powerful lipophilic antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol. Antioxidant action is a property of the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, ubiquinol (CoQ10H2), and the ubisemiquinone radical (CoQ10H*). Paradoxically, independently of the known antioxidant properties of coenzyme Q10, the ubisemiquinone radical anion (CoQ10-) possesses prooxidative properties. Decreased levels of coenzyme Q10 in humans are observed in many pathologies (e.g. cardiac disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, AIDS, cancer) associated with intensive generation of free radicals and their action on cells and tissues. In these cases, treatment involves pharmaceutical supplementation or increased consumption of coenzyme Q10 with meals as well as treatment with suitable chemical compounds (i.e. folic acid or B-group vitamins) which significantly increase ubiquinone biosynthesis in the organism. Estimation of coenzyme Q10 deficiency and efficiency of its supplementation requires a determination of ubiquinone levels in the organism. Therefore, highly selective and sensitive methods must be applied, such as HPLC with UV or coulometric detection. For a number of years, coenzyme Q (CoQ10 in humans) was known for its key role in mitochondrial bioenergetics; later studies demonstrated its presence in other subcellular fractions and in plasma, and extensively investigated its antioxidant role. These two functions constitute the basis on which research supporting the clinical use of CoQ10 is founded. Also at the inner mitochondrial membrane level, coenzyme Q is recognized as an obligatory co-factor for the function of uncoupling proteins and a modulator of the transition pore. Furthermore, recent data reveal that CoQ10 affects expression of genes involved in human cell signalling, metabolism, and transport and some of the effects of exogenously administered CoQ10 may be due to this property. Coenzyme Q is the only lipid soluble antioxidant synthesized endogenously. In its reduced form, CoQH2, ubiquinol, inhibits protein and DNA oxidation but it is the effect on lipid peroxidation that has been most deeply studied. Ubiquinol inhibits the peroxidation of cell membrane lipids and also that of lipoprotein lipids present in the circulation. Dietary supplementation with CoQ10 results in increased levels of ubiquinol-10 within circulating lipoproteins and increased resistance of human low-density lipoproteins to the initiation of lipid peroxidation. Moreover, CoQ10 has a direct anti-atherogenic effect, which has been demonstrated in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed with a high-fat diet. (PMID: 15928598, 17914161). COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins Same as: D01065 Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
alpha-Zearalenol
Alpha-zearlenol is a nonsteroidal estrogen or mycoestrogen found in fungi belonging to the Fusarium genus including F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. crookwellense, etc (PMID: 22095651), As a mycotoxin, alpha-zearalenol is a widely distributed compound that contaminates many crops, grains, and other commodities (PMID: 30830360). Alpha-zearalenol, is also a major hepatic metabolite of zearalenone (another mycotoxin). Zearalenone has two metabolites, alpha and beta zearalenol which are produced in the liver by 3α-hydroxisteroid dehydrogenase and 3β-hydroxisteroid dehydrogenase (PMID: 30830360). Like Alpha-zearlenol, zearalenone or F-2 mycotoxin is produced by certain Fusarium species. It causes infertility, abortion and other breeding problems in swine. Alpha-zearlenol is also produced synthetically and sold as Zeranol, which is used as an anabolic agent for cattle. Alpha-zearlenol exhibits strong growth-promoting properties, but its sale is restricted in Europe (PMID: 22095651). Alpha-zearalenol has three to four times the biological activity of zearalenone. Alpha-zearlenol contains a lactone ring in its structure and is structurally analogous to estrogen, thus it can bind to estrogen receptors, and causes hepatotoxic, hematotoxic, immunotoxic, genotoxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects on different animal species (PMID: 17045381).
toxin HT 2
HT-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin that is T-2 toxin in which the acetyloxy group at position 4S has been hydrolysed to the corresponding hydroxy group. It is the major metabolite of T-2 toxin. It has a role as a fungal metabolite and an apoptosis inducer. It is a trichothecene, an organic heterotetracyclic compound and an acetate ester. HT-2 Toxin is a natural product found in Fusarium heterosporum, Fusarium sporotrichioides, and other organisms with data available. A trichothecene mycotoxin that is T-2 toxin in which the acetyloxy group at position 4S has been hydrolysed to the corresponding hydroxy group. It is the major metabolite of T-2 toxin. D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
Enniatin B
An enniatin obtained from formal cyclocondensation of three N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]-N-methyl-L-valine units. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1)
Nivalenol
Nivalenol is a trichothecene produced by Fusaria, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma and other fungi, and some higher plants. They may contaminate food or feed grains, induce emesis and hemorrhage in lungs and brain, and damage bone marrow due to protein and DNA synthesis inhibition.(PubChem). It has been reported in the urine of patients suffering chronic idiopathic spastic paraparesis. These patients are usually found in hot and humid regions, most of which have heavy rains, and these conditions allow foods to be polluted by fungi some of which become toxigenic (PubMed ID 8855894 ). Nivalenol is a trichothecene produced by Fusaria, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma and other fungi, and some higher plants. They may contaminate food or feed grains, induce emesis and hemorrhage in lungs and brain, and damage bone marrow due to protein and DNA synthesis inhibition.(PubChem) D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
Rubrofusarin
A member of the class of benzochromenones that is benzo[g]chromen-4-one carrying two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 5 and 6 as well as methyl and methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 8 respectively. An orange polyketide pigment that is a common intermediate in many different fungal biosynthetic pathways. CONFIDENCE Culture of Fusarium graminearum from DAOM
gamma-Carotene
gamma-Carotene is a cyclic carotene obtained by the cyclization of lycopene. It is found in human serum and breast milk (PMID: 9164160). Carotenoids are isoprenoid molecules that are widespread in nature and are typically seen as pigments in fruits, flowers, birds, and crustacea. Animals are unable to synthesize carotenoids de novo and rely upon the diet as a source of these compounds. Over recent years there has been considerable interest in dietary carotenoids with respect to their potential in alleviating age-related diseases in humans. This attention has been mirrored by significant advances in cloning most of the carotenoid genes and in the genetic manipulation of crop plants with the intention of increasing levels in the diet. Studies have shown an inverse relationship between the consumption of certain fruits and vegetables and the risk of epithelial cancer. Since carotenoids are among the micronutrients found in cancer-preventive foods, detailed qualitative and quantitative determination of these compounds, particularly in fruits and vegetables and in human plasma, have recently become increasingly important (PMID: 1416048, 15003396). Gamma-carotene, also known as γ-carotene, is a member of the class of compounds known as carotenes. Carotenes are a type of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing eight consecutive isoprene units. They are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family. Gamma-carotene can be found in a number of food items such as corn, yellow bell pepper, fig, and papaya, which makes gamma-carotene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Torulene
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE is 10 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
3-Oxo-2-(2-entenyl)cyclopentaneoctanoic acid
3-oxo-2-(2-entenyl)cyclopentaneoctanoic acid, also known as opc-8:0, is a member of the class of compounds known as prostaglandins and related compounds. Prostaglandins and related compounds are unsaturated carboxylic acids consisting of a 20 carbon skeleton that also contains a five member ring, and are based upon the fatty acid arachidonic acid. Thus, 3-oxo-2-(2-entenyl)cyclopentaneoctanoic acid is considered to be an octadecanoid lipid molecule. 3-oxo-2-(2-entenyl)cyclopentaneoctanoic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 3-oxo-2-(2-entenyl)cyclopentaneoctanoic acid can be found in common wheat, corn, eggplant, and flaxseed, which makes 3-oxo-2-(2-entenyl)cyclopentaneoctanoic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetate, also known as 1-acetoxyethane or acetic ester, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carboxylic acid esters. These are carboxylic acid derivatives in which the carbon atom from the carbonyl group is attached to an alkyl or an aryl moiety through an oxygen atom (forming an ester group). Ethyl acetate exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Ethyl acetate is a sweet, anise, and balsam tasting compound. Ethyl acetate is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as milk (cow), pineapples, and sweet oranges and in a lower concentration in safflowers. Ethyl acetate has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as alcoholic beverages, oxheart cabbages, agaves, chervils, ryes, and peach. It is used in artificial fruit essences. In the field of entomology, ethyl acetate is an effective asphyxiant for use in insect collecting and study. Because it is not hygroscopic, ethyl acetate also keeps the insect soft enough to allow proper mounting suitable for a collection. In a killing jar charged with ethyl acetate, the vapors will kill the collected (usually adult) insect quickly without destroying it. In organic and in natural products chemistry ethyl acetate is often used as a solvent for reactions or extractions. Ethyl acetate is a potentially toxic compound. Ethyl acetate, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as perillyl alcohol administration for cancer treatment, crohns disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified; ethyl acetate has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder celiac disease. Found in cereal crops, radishes, fruit juices, beer, wine, spirits etc. and produced by Anthemis nobilis (Roman chamomile) and Rubus subspecies It is used in artificial fruit essences. It is used as a solvent in the manufacture of modified hop extract and decaffeinated tea or coffeeand is also used for colour and inks used to mark fruit or vegetables
Gibberellin A116
Gibberellin a116, also known as ga12, is a member of the class of compounds known as c20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Thus, gibberellin a116 is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Gibberellin a116 is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a116 can be found in a number of food items such as rape, pigeon pea, chinese cabbage, and linden, which makes gibberellin a116 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins
Gibberellin A12 aldehyde
Gibberellin A12 aldehyde (GA12-aldehyde), also known as gibberellin A12 7-aldehyde, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as C20-gibberellins. These are gibberellins with carboxy groups in positions 7 and 18 and some also in 20, while others have an aldehyde group in the latter position. Thus, gibberellin A12 aldehyde is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Gibberellin A12 aldehyde is found in pulses. It is also a constituent of Phaseolus species, Pisum sativum (peas), and other plant species. Constituent of Phaseolus subspecies, Pisum sativum (peas) and other plant subspecies Gibberellin A12 7-aldehyde is found in many foods, some of which are japanese pumpkin, pulses, common pea, and winter squash. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins
Neurosporene
Neurosporene, also known as all-trans-neurosporene or 7,8-dihydro-ψ,ψ-carotene, is a member of the class of compounds known as carotenes. Carotenes are a type of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing eight consecutive isoprene units. They are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family. Thus, neurosporene is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Neurosporene can be found in a number of food items such as chicory, poppy, silver linden, and towel gourd, which makes neurosporene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Neurosporene can be found primarily in blood and breast milk. Neurosporene is a carotenoid pigment. It is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of lycopene and a variety of bacterial carotenoids . Neurosporene is a triterpenoid carotenoid identified in human plasma, (PMID: 1416048), serum (PMID: 1416048), milk (PMID: 9164160), and tissues of the human eye (PMID: 11180970). D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
Lichesterol
ent-7alpha,12beta-Dihydroxy-16-kauren-19,6beta-olide
ent-7alpha,12beta-Dihydroxy-16-kauren-19,6beta-olide is found in fruits. ent-7alpha,12beta-Dihydroxy-16-kauren-19,6beta-olide is a constituent of the seeds of Cucurbita pepo and Cucurbita maxima. Constituent of the seeds of Cucurbita pepo and Cucurbita maxima. ent-7alpha,12beta-Dihydroxy-16-kauren-19,6beta-olide is found in fruits and japanese pumpkin.
Trichothecin
A trichothecene mycototoxin isolated from the endophytic fungus Trichothecium sp. and it exhibits anti-cancer properties. D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
Bikaverin
A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is 10H-benzo[b]xanthene-7,10,12-trione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 11, methoxy groups at positions 3 and 8 and a methyl group at position 1.
Gibberellin A37
Gibberellin A37 (GA37) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as C19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. These are C19-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin A37 is found in the common bean and is a constituent of Cucurbita maxima. Constituent of Cucurbita maxima. Gibberellin A37 is found in many foods, some of which are yam, date, kumquat, and chayote.
Enniatin D
An enniatin obtained from formal cyclocondensation of one N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]-N-methyl-L-leucine and two N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]-N-methyl-L-valine units.
beta-Zearalenol
Beta-zearalenol is a nonsteroidal estrogen or mycoestrogen found in fungi belonging to the Fusarium genus including F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. crookwellense, etc (PMID: 22095651), As a mycotoxin, beta-zearalenol is a widely distributed compound that contaminates many crops, grains, and other commodities (PMID: 30830360). Beta-zearalenol is the beta epimer of alpha-zearalenol. It is also a major hepatic metabolite of zearalenone (another mycotoxin). Zearalenone has two major metabolites, alpha and beta zearalenol which are produced in the liver by 3α-hydroxisteroid dehydrogenase and 3β-hydroxisteroid dehydrogenase (PMID: 30830360). Beta-zearalenol is formed mainly in the liver but also to a lesser extent in the intestines during first-pass metabolism. It contains a lactone ring in its structure and is structurally analogous to estrogen, thus it can bind to estrogen receptors, and causes hepatotoxic, hematotoxic, immunotoxic, genotoxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects on different animal species (PMID: 17045381). However, beta-zearalenol is somewhat less active estrogenically than alpha-zearalenol. β-Zearalenol is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin synthesized by Fusarium species. β-Zearalenol potentially influences transcription and effects gene expression on translational level[1].
7-Epijasmonic acid
7-epijasmonic acid, also known as (+)-epijasmonate, is a member of the class of compounds known as jasmonic acids. Jasmonic acids are lipids containing or derived from a jasmonic acid, with a structure characterized by the presence of an alkene chain linked to a 2-(3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid moiety. Thus, 7-epijasmonic acid is considered to be an octadecanoid lipid molecule. 7-epijasmonic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 7-epijasmonic acid can be found in a number of food items such as broad bean, flaxseed, corn, and eggplant, which makes 7-epijasmonic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Fumonisin B3
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins Fumonisin B3 is from Fusarium moniliforme. D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens From Fusarium moniliforme
Fumonisin B4
Fumonisin B4 is from Fusarium moniliforme. From Fusarium moniliforme
Monoacetoxyscirpenol
Monoacetoxyscirpenol is a mycotoxin from Fusarium roseum and Fusarium sulphureu D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
Toxin FS2
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014688 - Venoms Epi FS2 is from Fusarium sporotrichioides. Isolated from Fusarium sporotrichioides
Sporol
Sporol is a mycotoxin from Fusarium sporotrichioides MC-72083. Mycotoxin from Fusarium sporotrichioides MC-72083
7(14)-Bisabolene-2,3,10,11-tetrol
7(14)-Bisabolene-2,3,10,11-tetrol is a mycotoxin of Fusarium sambucinu Mycotoxin of Fusarium sambucinum
(ent-6alpha,7alpha,12alpha)-6,7,12-Trihydroxy-16-kauren-19-oic acid
(ent-6alpha,7alpha,12alpha)-6,7,12-Trihydroxy-16-kauren-19-oic acid is found in fruits. (ent-6alpha,7alpha,12alpha)-6,7,12-Trihydroxy-16-kauren-19-oic acid is a constituent of Cucurbita maxima. Constituent of Cucurbita maxima. 6alpha,7alpha,12alpha-Trihydroxykaurenoic acid is found in fruits and japanese pumpkin.
Fusarochromanone
C15H20N2O4 (292.14230000000003)
Fusarochromanone is found in animal foods. Fusarochromanone is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium roseum and the cereal fungus Fusarium equiseti (Fusarium graminearum). Affects growth and development of poultry. Mycotoxin production by Fusarium roseum and the cereal fungus Fusarium equiseti (Fusarium graminearum). Affects growth and development of poultry. Fusarochromanone is found in animal foods.
Isofumonisin B1
Isofumonisin B1 is from Fusarium moniliforme. From Fusarium moniliforme.
FS4 toxin
FS4 toxin is from Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium sambucinum. From Fusarium sporotrichioides and Fusarium sambucinum
7,18-Dihydroxykaurenolide
7,18-Dihydroxykaurenolide is found in cereals and cereal products. 7,18-Dihydroxykaurenolide is produced by Gibberella fujikuroi, present in barley during germination. Production by Gibberella fujikuroi, present in barley during germination. 7,18-Dihydroxykaurenolide is found in cereals and cereal products.
Ginsenoside Mc
Ginsenoside Mc is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and acidic
Fumonisin FP1
C39H62NO16+ (800.4068391999999)
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins Fumonisin FP1 is produced by Fusarium moniliform
Fumonisin FP2
C39H62NO15+ (784.4119241999999)
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins Fumonisin FP2 is produced by Fusarium moniliform
Fumonisin FP3
C39H62NO15+ (784.4119241999999)
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins Fumonisin FP3 is produced by Fusarium moniliform
3'-Deaminofusarochromanone
3-Deaminofusarochromanone is produced by Fusarium equiseti. Production by Fusarium equiseti
5-Amino-6-(4-hydroxy-2-butenoyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4-chromanone
C15H17NO4 (275.11575220000003)
5-Amino-6-(4-hydroxy-2-butenoyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4-chromanone is produced by Fusarium equiseti. Production by Fusarium equiseti
10-Hydroxycamptothecin
apicidin
C34H49N5O6 (623.3682653999999)
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D056572 - Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
Enniatin A
C36H63N3O9 (681.4564068000001)
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents
Enniatin B
Ginsenoside C-K
HT-2 Toxin
Gibberellin A4 methyl ester
wortmannin
Mellein
Mellein, also known as (R)-mellein, is a member of the class of compounds known as 2-benzopyrans. 2-benzopyrans are organic aromatic compounds that 1-benzopyran, a bicyclic compound made up of a benzene ring fused to a pyran, so that the oxygen atom is at the 2-position. Mellein is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Mellein can be found in cocoa powder, which makes mellein a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Mellein is a dihydroisocoumarin, a phenolic compound produced by Aspergillus ochraceus .
ent-Kauran-16-beta-ol
Ent-kauran-16-beta-ol is a member of the class of compounds known as kaurane diterpenoids. Kaurane diterpenoids are diterpene alkaloids with a structure that is based on the kaurane skeleton. Kaurane is a tetracyclic compound that arises by cyclisation of a pimarane precursor followed by rearrangement. It possesses a [3,2,1]-bicyclic ring system with C15-C16 bridge connected to C13, forming the five-membered ring D. Ent-kauran-16-beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Ent-kauran-16-beta-ol can be found in sunflower, which makes ent-kauran-16-beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Gibberellin Ga115
Constituent of Raphanus sativus (radish). Gibberellin Ga115 is found in root vegetables and radish.
Gibberellin A4
Gibberellin a4 is a member of the class of compounds known as c19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c19-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin a4 is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a4 can be found in a number of food items such as passion fruit, dandelion, mamey sapote, and vanilla, which makes gibberellin a4 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins
Gibberellin A9
Gibberellin a9 is a member of the class of compounds known as c19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c19-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin a9 is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a9 can be found in a number of food items such as black mulberry, saffron, pear, and winter squash, which makes gibberellin a9 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Gibberellin A12
Gibberellin a12 is a member of the class of compounds known as c20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin a12 is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a12 can be found in a number of food items such as common salsify, tartary buckwheat, rubus (blackberry, raspberry), and winter squash, which makes gibberellin a12 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Gibberellin A14
Gibberellin a14 is a member of the class of compounds known as c20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin a14 is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a14 can be found in a number of food items such as komatsuna, sour cherry, hard wheat, and cumin, which makes gibberellin a14 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Gibberellin A13
Gibberellin a13 is a member of the class of compounds known as c20-gibberellin 20-carboxylic acids. C20-gibberellin 20-carboxylic acids are c20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 20-position. Gibberellin a13 is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a13 can be found in a number of food items such as japanese pumpkin, catjang pea, boysenberry, and carob, which makes gibberellin a13 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Gibberellin A20
Gibberellin a20 is a member of the class of compounds known as c19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c19-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin a20 is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a20 can be found in a number of food items such as soursop, nopal, breadnut tree seed, and red huckleberry, which makes gibberellin a20 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Gibberellin A24
Gibberellin a24 is a member of the class of compounds known as c20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin a24 is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a24 can be found in a number of food items such as root vegetables, breadnut tree seed, lime, and carob, which makes gibberellin a24 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins
Gibberellin A25
Gibberellin a25 is a member of the class of compounds known as c20-gibberellin 20-carboxylic acids. C20-gibberellin 20-carboxylic acids are c20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 20-position. Gibberellin a25 is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a25 can be found in a number of food items such as white mustard, fennel, chervil, and garlic, which makes gibberellin a25 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Gibberellin A7
Gibberellin a7 is a member of the class of compounds known as c19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C19-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c19-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin a7 is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a7 can be found in a number of food items such as common wheat, corn, apple, and chayote, which makes gibberellin a7 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Gibberellin A7 (GA7) is a plant hormone. Gibberellin A7 is the metabolite of Gibberella fujikuroi. Gibberellin A7 promotes the plant growth and elongation of cells[1].
(+)-7-iso-jasmonate
(+)-7-iso-jasmonate is a member of the class of compounds known as jasmonic acids. Jasmonic acids are lipids containing or derived from a jasmonic acid, with a structure characterized by the presence of an alkene chain linked to a 2-(3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid moiety (+)-7-iso-jasmonate is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). (+)-7-iso-jasmonate can be found in a number of food items such as tarragon, celery leaves, sweet marjoram, and rape, which makes (+)-7-iso-jasmonate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
gibberellin A36
Gibberellin a36 is a member of the class of compounds known as c20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids. C20-gibberellin 6-carboxylic acids are c20-gibberellins with a carboxyl group at the 6-position. Gibberellin a36 is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Gibberellin a36 can be found in a number of food items such as pineapple, durian, vanilla, and sorrel, which makes gibberellin a36 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
torulene
Torulene can be found in a number of food items such as spinach, sparkleberry, cherimoya, and rye, which makes torulene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Torulene (3,4-didehydro-beta,gamma-carotene) is a carotene (a hydrocarbon carotenoid) which is notable for being synthesized by red pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum), imparting the natural red color to the aphids, which aids in their camouflage and escape from predation. The aphids have gained the ability to synthesize torulene by horizontal gene transfer of a number of genes for carotenoid synthesis, apparently from fungi. Plants, fungi, and microorganisms can synthesize carotenoids, but torulene made by pea aphids is the only carotenoid known to be synthesized by an organism in the animal kingdom . Torulene can be found in a number of food items such as spinach, sparkleberry, cherimoya, and rye, which makes torulene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Torulene (3,4-didehydro-β,γ-carotene) is a carotene (a hydrocarbon carotenoid) which is notable for being synthesized by red pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum), imparting the natural red color to the aphids, which aids in their camouflage and escape from predation. The aphids have gained the ability to synthesize torulene by horizontal gene transfer of a number of genes for carotenoid synthesis, apparently from fungi. Plants, fungi, and microorganisms can synthesize carotenoids, but torulene made by pea aphids is the only carotenoid known to be synthesized by an organism in the animal kingdom .
C14:0
Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils.
radicicol
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000977 - Antiparasitic Agents > D000981 - Antiprotozoal Agents D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000935 - Antifungal Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors An antifungal macrolactone antibiotic, obtained from Diheterospora chlamydosporia and Chaetomium chiversii that inhibits protein tyrosine kinase and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C2189 - Signal Transduction Inhibitor > C129824 - Antineoplastic Protein Inhibitor C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C514 - Antifungal Agent
Mellein
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009793 - Ochratoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE isolated standard
Sambucinol
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE isolated standard
Cerevisterol
An ergostanoid that is (22E)-ergosta-7,22-diene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5 and 6 (the 3beta,5alpha,6beta stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the fungus, Xylaria species. Cerevisterol is a steroid isolated from the fruiting bodies of Agaricus blazei[1]. Cerevisterol is a steroid isolated from the fruiting bodies of Agaricus blazei[1].
Trichotriol
Palmitic Acid
COVID info from WikiPathways D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Bassiatin
C15H19NO3 (261.13648639999997)
A member of the class of morpholines that is morpholine-2,5-dione substituted by a benzyl, isopropyl and a methyl group at positions 3, 6 and 4 respectively. It is isolated from the culture broth of the fungus Beauveria bassiana and acts as a platelet aggregation inhibitor.
3,15-Diacetyldeoxynivalenol
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE isolated standard
Enniatin A
C36H63N3O9 (681.4564068000001)
An enniatin obtained from formal cyclocondensation of three N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]-N-methyl-L-isoleucine units. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1)
Squalene
Squalene, also known as (e,e,e,e)-squalene or all-trans-squalene, is a member of the class of compounds known as triterpenoids. Triterpenoids are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units. Squalene can be found in a number of food items such as apricot, savoy cabbage, peach (variety), and bitter gourd, which makes squalene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Squalene can be found primarily in blood, feces, and sweat, as well as throughout most human tissues. In humans, squalene is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include risedronate action pathway, steroid biosynthesis, alendronate action pathway, and fluvastatin action pathway. Squalene is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include cholesteryl ester storage disease, CHILD syndrome, hyper-igd syndrome, and wolman disease. Squalene is a natural 30-carbon organic compound originally obtained for commercial purposes primarily from shark liver oil (hence its name, as Squalus is a genus of sharks), although plant sources (primarily vegetable oils) are now used as well, including amaranth seed, rice bran, wheat germ, and olives. Yeast cells have been genetically engineered to produce commercially useful quantities of "synthetic" squalene . COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE was 20 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan. Squalene is an intermediate product in the synthesis of cholesterol, and shows several pharmacological properties such as hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, and antitoxicant activity. Squalene also has anti-fungal activity and can be used for the research of Trichophyton mentagrophytes research[2]. Squalene is an intermediate product in the synthesis of cholesterol, and shows several pharmacological properties such as hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antioxidant, and antitoxicant activity. Squalene also has anti-fungal activity and can be used for the research of Trichophyton mentagrophytes research[2].
Sporol
Asochlorin
C23H29ClO4 (404.17542640000005)
Ascochlorin is a dihydroxybenzaldehyde that is 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde which is substituted by a (1E,3E)-3-methyl-1-[(1R,2R,6R)-1,2,6-trimethyl-3-oxocyclohexyl]penta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at position 3, chlorine at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6. A meroterpenoid produced by several fungi including Ascochyta viciae. It exhibits anticancer, antifungal and antiprotozoal activities. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, a fungal metabolite, an antifungal agent, an antiprotozoal drug and an angiogenesis inhibitor. It is a dihydroxybenzaldehyde, a member of monochlorobenzenes, an olefinic compound, a member of resorcinols, a meroterpenoid, a sesquiterpenoid and a member of cyclohexanones. It is a conjugate acid of an ascochlorin(1-). Ascochlorin is a natural product found in Verticillium, Acremonium, and other organisms with data available. A dihydroxybenzaldehyde that is 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde which is substituted by a (1E,3E)-3-methyl-1-[(1R,2R,6R)-1,2,6-trimethyl-3-oxocyclohexyl]penta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at position 3, chlorine at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6. A meroterpenoid produced by several fungi including Ascochyta viciae . It exhibits anticancer, antifungal and antiprotozoal activities. D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
ginsenoside Mx
Ginsenoside Mx is a ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions and in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-xylopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent and a plant metabolite. It is a ginsenoside, a tetracyclic triterpenoid, a beta-D-glucoside, a disaccharide derivative and a 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid. It is functionally related to a (20S)-protopanaxadiol. It derives from a hydride of a dammarane. ginsenoside Mx is a natural product found in Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Fusarium sacchari, and Centella asiatica with data available. A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions and in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-xylopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Gypenoside XIII is belonging to the gypenosides. Gypenosides, extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, have various pharmacological properties and protect against cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis[1].
δ-Decalactone
[Raw Data] CB015_delta-Decalactone_pos_20eV_CB000009.txt [Raw Data] CB015_delta-Decalactone_pos_10eV_CB000009.txt δ-Decalactone is a lactone compound found in nonfat dry milks and fruit. δ-Decalactone has a sweet taste[1][2]. δ-Decalactone is a lactone compound found in nonfat dry milks and fruit. δ-Decalactone has a sweet taste[1][2].
fusaric acid
C10H13NO2 (179.09462380000002)
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents CONFIDENCE Fusarium verticilloides relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.535 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.533 Fusaric acid is a potent dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitor.
Jasmonic acid
relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.911 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.912 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.909 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.910
10-Hydroxycamptothecin
SubCategory_DNP: : Alkaloids derived from anthranilic acid, Quinoline alkaloids relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.944 D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.947 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.929 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.928 (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin (10-HCPT;10-Hydroxycamptothecin) is a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor of isolated from the Chinese plant Camptotheca accuminata. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin exhibits a remarkable apoptosis-inducing effect. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin has the potential for hepatoma, gastric carcinoma, colon cancer and leukaemia treatment[1][2][3][4]. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin (10-HCPT;10-Hydroxycamptothecin) is a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor of isolated from the Chinese plant Camptotheca accuminata. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin exhibits a remarkable apoptosis-inducing effect. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin has the potential for hepatoma, gastric carcinoma, colon cancer and leukaemia treatment[1][2][3][4].
Apicidin
C34H49N5O6 (623.3682653999999)
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D056572 - Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Apicidin (OSI 2040) is a fungal metabolite, acts as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with antiparasitic activity and a broad spectrum antiproliferative activity[1]. Apicidin (OSI 2040) is a fungal metabolite, acts as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with antiparasitic activity and a broad spectrum antiproliferative activity[1].
β-Carotene
The novel carbohydrate-derived b-carboline, 1-pentahydroxypentyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-b-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, was identified in fruit- and vegetable-derived products such as juices, jams, and tomato sauces. This compound occurred as two diastereoisomers, a cis isomer (the major compound) and a trans isomer, ranging from undetectable amounts to 6.5 ug/g. Grape, tomato, pineapple, and tropical juices exhibited the highest amount of this alkaloid (up to 3.8 mg/L), whereas apple, banana, and peach juices showed very low or nondetectable levels. This tetrahydro-b-carboline was also found in jams (up to 0.45 ug/g), and a relative high amount was present in tomato concentrate (6.5 ug/g) and sauce (up to 1.8 ug/g). This b-carboline occurred in fruit-derived products as a glycoconjugate from a chemical condensation of d-glucose and l-tryptophan that is highly favored at low pH values and high temperature. Production, processing treatments, and storage of fruit juices and jams can then release this b-carboline. Fruit-derived products and other foods containing this compound might be an exogenous dietary source of this glucose-derived tetrahydro-b-carboline.(PMID: 12137498) [HMDB] Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE is 20 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan. D - Dermatologicals > D02 - Emollients and protectives > D02B - Protectives against uv-radiation > D02BB - Protectives against uv-radiation for systemic use A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A11 - Vitamins > A11C - Vitamin a and d, incl. combinations of the two > A11CA - Vitamin a, plain D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins > D000072664 - Provitamins Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE is 10 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
Succinic acid
Succinic acid is a potent and orally active anxiolytic agent. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid can be used as a precursor of many industrially important chemicals in food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries[1][2]. Succinic acid is a potent and orally active anxiolytic agent. Succinic acid is an intermediate product of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Succinic acid can be used as a precursor of many industrially important chemicals in food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries[1][2].
Myristic Acid
Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils.
stearic acid
Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils.
Oleic acid
An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry. Oleic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=112-80-1 (retrieved 2024-07-16) (CAS RN: 112-80-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Elaidic acid is the major trans fat found in hydrogenated vegetable oils and can be used as a pharmaceutical solvent. Elaidic acid is the major trans fat found in hydrogenated vegetable oils and can be used as a pharmaceutical solvent. Oleic acid (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid) is an abundant monounsaturated fatty acid[1]. Oleic acid is a Na+/K+ ATPase activator[2]. Oleic acid (9-cis-Octadecenoic acid) is an abundant monounsaturated fatty acid[1]. Oleic acid is a Na+/K+ ATPase activator[2].
6-(3-hydroxybutan-2-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxypyran-2-one
Beauvericin
A trimeric cyclodepsipeptide composed from alternating methylphenylalanyl and hydroxyvaleryl residues. C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C259 - Antineoplastic Antibiotic CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2334 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) Beauvericin is a Fusarium mycotoxin. Beauvericin inhibits acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC50 of 3 μM in an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes[1]. Beauvericin is a Fusarium mycotoxin. Beauvericin inhibits acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC50 of 3 μM in an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes[1].
gibberellin A7
A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and development in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi, it differs from gibberellin A1 in lacking the OH at C-7 (gibbane numbering). Gibberellin A7 (GA7) is a plant hormone. Gibberellin A7 is the metabolite of Gibberella fujikuroi. Gibberellin A7 promotes the plant growth and elongation of cells[1].
Lauric acid
Lauric acid, systematically dodecanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with a 12-carbon atom chain, thus having many properties of medium-chain fatty acids.[6] It is a bright white, powdery solid with a faint odor of bay oil or soap. The salts and esters of lauric acid are known as laurates. Lauric acid, as a component of triglycerides, comprises about half of the fatty-acid content in coconut milk, coconut oil, laurel oil, and palm kernel oil (not to be confused with palm oil),[10][11] Otherwise, it is relatively uncommon. It is also found in human breast milk (6.2\\\\% of total fat), cow's milk (2.9\\\\%), and goat's milk (3.1\\\\%). Lauric acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=143-07-7 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 143-07-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Lauric acid is a middle chain-free fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties. The EC50s for P. acnes, S.aureus, S. epidermidis, are 2, 6, 4 μg/mL, respectively. Lauric acid is a middle chain-free fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties. The EC50s for P. acnes, S.aureus, S. epidermidis, are 2, 6, 4 μg/mL, respectively.
picolinic acid
A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position 2. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of tryptophan. D064449 - Sequestering Agents > D002614 - Chelating Agents > D007502 - Iron Chelating Agents Picolinic acid (PCL 016) is a topical antiviral agent, which inhibits adenovirus replication in rabbits.
STYRENE
A vinylarene that is benzene carrying a vinyl group. It has been isolated from the benzoin resin produced by Styrax species.
fumonisin b1
A diester that results from the condensation of the 1-carboxy groups of two molecules of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid with hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 of (2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,5,10,14,15-pentol. D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D013723 - Teratogens D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1)
HT-2 Toxin
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1)
DEOXYNIVALENOL
A trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium to which wheat, barley, maize (corn) and their products are susceptible to contamination. D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE isolated standard
Enniatin A1
An enniatin obtained from formal cyclocondensation of one N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]-N-methyl-L-valine and two N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl]-N-methyl-L-isoleucine units. CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1)
fumonisin B2
A fumonisin that is (2S,3S,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,14,15-triol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 have each been esterified by condensation with the 1-carboxy group of 3-carboxyglutaric acid (giving a 3-carboxyglutarate ester group with R configuration in each case). D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 5969 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1)
Fumonisin B3
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens CONFIDENCE isolated standard
Fumonisin B4
A fumonisin that is fumonisin B2 that is lacking hydroxy group located gamma- to the amino substituent. D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins CONFIDENCE isolated standard
Lycopene
Lycopene, also known as all-trans-lycopene or e160d, is a member of the class of compounds known as carotenes. Carotenes are a type of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing eight consecutive isoprene units. They are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family. Thus, lycopene is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Lycopene can be found in a number of food items such as american butterfish, babassu palm, scup, and condensed milk, which makes lycopene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Lycopene can be found primarily in blood and breast milk, as well as throughout most human tissues. Moreover, lycopene is found to be associated with endometrial cancer. In plants, algae, and other photosynthetic organisms, lycopene is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of many carotenoids, including beta-carotene, which is responsible for yellow, orange, or red pigmentation, photosynthesis, and photoprotection. Like all carotenoids, lycopene is a tetraterpene. It is insoluble in water. Eleven conjugated double bonds give lycopene its deep red color. Owing to the strong color, lycopene is a useful as a food coloring (registered as E160d) and is approved for use in the USA, Australia and New Zealand (registered as 160d) and the European Union . D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids D020011 - Protective Agents > D011837 - Radiation-Protective Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D016588 - Anticarcinogenic Agents D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16HP2005 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
Octadecanoic acid
A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.
Vomitoxin
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 5967
gamma-Carotene
A cyclic carotene obtained by the cyclisation of lycopene. Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE is 10 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
Fusarenon-X
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
6-Pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4297; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4296 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4315; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4311 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4277; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4274 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4302; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4300 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4329; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4325 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4339; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4337 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8707; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8702 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8739; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8734 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8768; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8764 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8784; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8779 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8732; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8729 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 795; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 8777; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 8774
Dodecanoic acid
A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil.
Dormin
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators (±)-Abscisic acid is an orally active plant hormone that is present also in animals. (±)-Abscisic acid (ABA) contributes to the regulation of glycemia in mammals[1]. (±)-Abscisic acid is an orally active plant hormone that is present also in animals. (±)-Abscisic acid (ABA) contributes to the regulation of glycemia in mammals[1]. Abscisic acid ((S)-(+)-Abscisic acid), an orally active phytohormone in fruits and vegetables, is an endogenously produced mammalian hormone. Abscisic acid is a growth inhibitor and can regulate many aspects of plant growth and development. Abscisic acid inhibits proton pump (H+-ATPase) and leads to the plasma membrane depolarization in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Abscisic acid, a LANCL2 natural ligand, is a potent insulin-sensitizing compound and has the potential for pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome[1][2]. Abscisic acid ((S)-(+)-Abscisic acid), an orally active phytohormone in fruits and vegetables, is an endogenously produced mammalian hormone. Abscisic acid is a growth inhibitor and can regulate many aspects of plant growth and development. Abscisic acid inhibits proton pump (H+-ATPase) and leads to the plasma membrane depolarization in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Abscisic acid, a LANCL2 natural ligand, is a potent insulin-sensitizing compound and has the potential for pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome[1][2].
Fumonisin FP1
C39H62NO16+ (800.4068391999999)
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins
Fumonisin FP2
C39H62NO15+ (784.4119241999999)
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins
Fumonisin FP3
C39H62NO15+ (784.4119241999999)
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D037341 - Fumonisins
Isofumonisin B1
Deacetylanguidin
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
7(14)-Bisabolene-2,3,10,11-tetrol
FS2 Toxin
FS4 toxin
4-Acetylzearalenone
3'-Deaminofusarochromanone
5-Amino-6-(4-hydroxy-2-butenoyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4-chromanone
C15H17NO4 (275.11575220000003)
13-HpODE
An HPODE (hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid) in which the double bonds are at positions 9 and 11 (E and Z geometry, respectively) and the hydroperoxy group is at position 13. D009676 - Noxae > D016877 - Oxidants > D010545 - Peroxides
9-HpODE
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D016859 - Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
gibberellin A12 aldehyde
D006133 - Growth Substances > D010937 - Plant Growth Regulators > D005875 - Gibberellins
Neurosporene
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
Phytoene
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
dodecan-1-ol
A primary alcohol that is dodecane in which a hydrogen from one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is registered for use in apple and pear orchards as a Lepidopteran pheromone/sex attractant, used to disrupt the mating behaviour of certain moths whose larvae destroy crops.
fusafungine
R - Respiratory system > R02 - Throat preparations > R02A - Throat preparations > R02AB - Antibiotics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C258 - Antibiotic
Tropanserin
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66885 - Serotonin Antagonist Tropanserin is a serotoninergic active compound, as well as a 5HT3 receptor antagonist. Tropanserin modulates Cardio-respiratory reflex effects of an exogenous serotonin challenge[1].
Trichothec-9-ene-3,15-diol, 12,13-epoxy-, 15-acetate, (3alpha)-
coenzyme Q10
A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration. COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins Same as: D01065 Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Isolated from beef heart. Ubiquinone 10 is found in animal foods.
linoleic
Linolelaidic acid (Linoelaidic acid), an omega-6 trans fatty acid, acts as a source of energy. Linolelaidic acid is an essential nutrient, adding in enteral, parenteral, and infant formulas. Linolelaidic acid can be used for heart diseases research[1]. Linolelaidic acid (Linoelaidic acid), an omega-6 trans fatty acid, acts as a source of energy. Linolelaidic acid is an essential nutrient, adding in enteral, parenteral, and infant formulas. Linolelaidic acid can be used for heart diseases research[1].
8-Hydroxy-1-(1-hydroxyethyl)-5,7-dimethoxynaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione
T-2 Mycotoxin
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
8-Hydroxydiacetoxyscirpenol
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
Fusarentin 6-Methyl Ether
A natural product found in Colletotrichum species.
Fusarentin 6,7-dimethyl ether
A natural product found in Colletotrichum species.
Cetyl alcohol
A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is hexadecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. 1-Hexadecanol is a fatty alcohol, a lipophilic substrate. 1-Hexadecanol is a fatty alcohol, a lipophilic substrate.
Gibberellin A12
Gibberellin A12. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=1164-45-0 (retrieved 2024-10-09) (CAS RN: 1164-45-0). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Ginsenoside Mc
A ginsenoside found in Panax notoginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions and in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside.
2-METHYLFURAN
A member of the class of furans that is furan in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.
Desacetylanguidine
D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014255 - Trichothecenes D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D009183 - Mycotoxins
2-[2-({19-amino-6-[(3,4-dicarboxybutanoyl)oxy]-18-hydroxy-5,9-dimethylicosan-7-yl}oxy)-2-oxoethyl]butanedioic acid
gibberellin A3
A C19-gibberellin that is a pentacyclic diterpenoid responsible for promoting growth and elongation of cells in plants. Initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi,it differs from gibberellin A1 in the presence of a double bond between C-3 and C-4.
1,4,6,7,10-pentahydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-5,7,8,8a,10,10a-hexahydroanthracen-9-one
3',4'-dihydroxy-2'-(hydroxymethyl)-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-10'-yl acetate
(4r)-4-[(1s)-1,4-dimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylcyclopent-2-en-1-one
methyl 11-[2,4-dihydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en-1-yl]-2-ethylidene-4,10-dimethyl-11-oxoundeca-3,5,7,9-tetraenoate
C22H27NO7 (417.17874320000004)
4-hydroxy-3-(1-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]imino}ethyl)-6-methylpyran-2-one
C16H17NO4 (287.11575220000003)
(1s,2s,3s,4s,5s,12r)-5-hydroxy-4-methyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadec-8-ene-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
(2s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18e,20e)-2,6,10,15,19-pentamethyl-21-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)henicosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20-decaenoate
4,5,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)-3,4-dihydro-2h-naphthalen-1-one
1-{14,15-bis[(3,4-dicarboxybutanoyl)oxy]-3-hydroxy-12,16-dimethylicosan-2-yl}-3-hydroxypyridin-1-ium
[C39H62NO14]+ (768.4170091999999)
(2r,3r,4r,5s,6s)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-6-{[(2e,4z)-deca-2,4-dienoyloxy]methyl}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6s)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl (2e,4e,8e,10e)-7-hydroxyhexadeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenoate
(1's,2r,2'r,4'r,7'r,9'r,10'r,11's)-11'-(acetyloxy)-2'-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-10'-hydroxy-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-4'-yl 3-methylbutanoate
5-hydroxy-3-[(2s)-2-hydroxypropyl]-6,8-dimethoxy-2-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione
(2s,3r)-2-[(2e,4e,6e,8e,10e)-10-ethylidene-11-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-11-oxoundeca-2,4,6,8-tetraenoyl]-3-(3-hydroxypropanoyl)oxirane-2-carboximidic acid
12-hydroxy-3,5,7,11-tetramethyltetradeca-2,4-dienedioic acid
5,8-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxy-7-(2-oxopropylidene)-6h-naphthalene-1,4-dione
2,3-dihydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidene-12-oxotetracyclo[11.2.1.0¹,¹⁰.0⁴,⁹]hexadecane-5-carboxylic acid
methyl (10s)-5,10-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-7,19-dioxo-12,18-dioxa-17-azahexacyclo[15.6.1.0²,¹⁵.0⁴,¹³.0⁶,¹¹.0²⁰,²⁴]tetracosa-1(24),2(15),3,5,13,20,22-heptaene-11-carboxylate
C24H19NO9 (465.10597640000003)
(2s,3r)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl 5-butylpyridine-2-carboxylate
(2s,3s,4s)-5-[(3ar,6s,10r)-3,6,7a,10-tetramethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,8h,9h,10ah,10bh-cyclopenta[d]s-indacen-10-yl]-2-methylpentane-1,2,3,4-tetrol
methyl 5,9-dihydroxy-2-methyl-4,6-dioxopyrano[3,4-g]chromene-8-carboxylate
(1s,2r,5s,6s,9s)-2,6,10,10-tetramethyltricyclo[7.2.0.0²,⁵]undecan-6-ol
8-hydroxy-1-[(1r)-1-hydroxyethyl]-5,7-dimethoxynaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione
1-(5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,5ah,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
6-[(2z)-but-2-en-2-yl]-3-(hydroxymethyl)pyran-2-one
[(1r,2r,3s)-3-hydroxy-2-[(2z)-pent-2-en-1-yl]cyclopentyl]acetic acid
2,4-dimethyl 14-fluoro-5-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylate
(3r,4ar,10as)-6,9-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-3-[(2s)-2-methylbutoxy]-1h,4h,4ah,10ah-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-5,10-dione
(3as,7as,8r)-8-isopropyl-3,6-dimethyl-11-methylidene-1h,2h,3h,4h,7ah,8h,9h,10h,11ah-cyclohexa[d]azulen-5-one
5,13-dihydroxy-4,8,13-trimethyltetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
(2s,3s,4s)-5-[(2r,3ar,6s,10r)-2-hydroxy-3,6,7a,10-tetramethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,8h,9h,10ah,10bh-cyclopenta[d]s-indacen-10-yl]-2-methylpentane-1,2,3,4-tetrol
(1's,2r,2'r,7'r,9'r,11'r)-1',2',5'-trimethyl-4'-oxo-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-11'-yl (2z)-but-2-enoate
(3r,4as,5s,10ar)-6,9-dihydroxy-3,5,7-trimethoxy-3-methyl-1h,4h,4ah,5h,10ah-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-10-one
(3s,7s,8s,11z)-7,8,14,16-tetrahydroxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1-one
1-[(3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-2-{2-oxo-5-[(1e,5z,8z)-tetradeca-1,5,8-trien-1-yl]oxolan-3-yl}propanoyl)oxy]propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
methyl 8-[(1s,2r)-3-oxo-2-[(2z)-pent-2-en-1-yl]cyclopentyl]octanoate
(1's,2s,2'r,4's,7'r,9'r,10'r,11's)-4',10',11'-trihydroxy-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-2'-ylmethyl acetate
8-formyl-4-methyl-13-methylidene-11-oxotetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
(1'r,2s,2'r,3'r,7'r,10'r,11's)-11'-(acetyloxy)-3',10'-dihydroxy-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-2'-ylmethyl acetate
4-methoxy-8-[2-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(6-methyldeca-2,4-dien-2-yl)oxolan-3-yl]-3,7-dimethylocta-5,7-dien-2-one
(7r,8s)-8-bromo-4,7-dimethoxy-7,8-dimethyl-5h-pyrano[3,2-c]pyran-2-one
3-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,4-dimethyl-3,6-bis(methylsulfanyl)piperazine-2,5-dione
2-[(4s,6s)-6-ethyl-7-hydroxy-4-methylhept-2-en-2-yl]-6-methoxypyran-4-one
2-[2-({6-[(3,4-dicarboxybutanoyl)oxy]-11,17,18-trihydroxy-19-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-5,9-dimethylnonadecan-7-yl}oxy)-2-oxoethyl]butanedioic acid
3-{5,9,12-trihydroxy-6,13-dimethyl-10-methylidene-2-oxo-14-[(5e,7e)-3,7,11-trimethyl-4-oxoheptadeca-5,7-dien-1-yl]-1-oxa-4,8,11-triazacyclotetradeca-4,8,11-trien-3-yl}propanimidic acid
C36H58N4O7 (658.4305277999999)
(2r)-2-(2-{[(5s,6s,7s,9r,11r,16s,18s,19s)-19-amino-6-{[(3r)-3,4-dicarboxybutanoyl]oxy}-11,16,18-trihydroxy-5,9-dimethylicosan-7-yl]oxy}-2-oxoethyl)butanedioic acid
(4e)-5-[(1s)-1-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid
2,6,6,9-tetramethyltricyclo[5.4.0.0²,⁹]undecane-5,8,11-triol
(4r)-4-[(1s,4s)-4-hydroxy-1,4-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methylcyclopent-2-en-1-one
(2r,3s,4e,6e)-7-[(1ar,2r,3s,3as,7ar,7bs)-2-[(2e)-but-2-en-2-yl]-1a,6-dimethyl-2h,3h,3ah,4h,7h,7ah,7bh-naphtho[1,2-b]oxiren-3-yl]-3-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylhepta-4,6-dienoic acid
2,4,9-trimethyl 4-methyl-14-methylidene-6-oxapentacyclo[11.2.1.0¹,¹⁰.0³,⁹.0⁵,⁷]hexadecane-2,4,9-tricarboxylate
methyl 8-[(1s,2r)-3-oxo-2-pentylcyclopentyl]octanoate
(3s,4r)-4,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-3,4,5-trimethyl-3h-2-benzopyran-1-one
9-hydroxy-1,13-dimethyl-6-methylidene-11-oxapentacyclo[8.6.1.1⁵,⁸.0²,⁸.0¹³,¹⁷]octadecan-12-one
2,4-dimethyl 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadeca-6,8-diene-2,4-dicarboxylate
[(5r)-5-[(1s,4s)-4-hydroxy-1,4-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-5-methyl-3-oxocyclopent-1-en-1-yl]methyl acetate
2-[(2e,6e,10e,14e,18e,22e,26z,30e,34e)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaen-1-yl]-5,6-dimethoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
(3z)-3-(1-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}ethylidene)-6-methylpyran-2,4-dione
C16H17NO4 (287.11575220000003)
4-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-(8-methyldeca-2,4,6-trien-2-yl)-2h,3h,4h-pyrano[3,2-c]pyridin-5-one
C21H29NO4 (359.20964740000005)
(1r,2s,3s,4s,5s,9s,12r)-5-hydroxy-4-methyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadec-7-ene-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
(1r,2r,5s,8s,9s,10r,11s,12r,13r)-5,12,13-trihydroxy-11-methyl-6-methylidene-16-oxo-15-oxapentacyclo[9.3.2.1⁵,⁸.0¹,¹⁰.0²,⁸]heptadecane-9-carboxylic acid
2-(2-{[(5r,6r,7s,9s,11r,16r,18s,19s)-6-[(3,4-dicarboxybutanoyl)oxy]-11,16,18-trihydroxy-19-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-5,9-dimethylicosan-7-yl]oxy}-2-oxoethyl)butanedioic acid
(2s)-2-[(3ar,13r,16as)-2,13-dihydroxy-3a,6,10,14-tetramethyl-3-oxo-4h,7h,8h,11h,12h,13h,16h,16ah-cyclopenta[15]annulen-1-yl]propyl acetate
6,9-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-3-(2-methylbutoxy)-1h,4h,4ah,10ah-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-5,10-dione
6,9-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-3-methyl-1h,4h-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-5,10-dione
6,9-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-3-(3-methylbutoxy)-1h,4h,4ah,10ah-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-5,10-dione
(1's,2's,3'r,7's,9's,10's)-10'-acetyl-3'-hydroxy-2'-(hydroxymethyl)-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-4'-one
5-[12-(bromomethylidene)-4-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyltetracyclo[6.6.1.0²,⁶.0¹¹,¹⁵]pentadeca-7,11(15)-dien-3-yl]-2-methylpentane-1,2,3,4-tetrol
(7r,8s)-7-hydroxy-4-methoxy-7,8-dimethyl-5h,8h-pyrano[3,2-c]pyran-2-one
2-(17-{3-[7-(butanoyloxy)-5-chloro-4,7-dimethyl-6,8-dioxo-4h-spiro[isoquinoline-3,2'-oxolan]-2-yl]propyl}-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27-nonahydroxy-26-(c-hydroxycarbonimidoylmethyl)-8,20-bis(1-hydroxyethyl)-23-methyl-5,11-bis(2-methylpropyl)-14-octyl-1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25-nonaazacycloheptacosa-1(27),3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-nonaen-2-yl)ethanimidic acid
C64H101ClN12O18 (1360.7044956)
3-[(3r,6r,9r,12r,15r,18r,22s)-3-[(2s)-butan-2-yl]-5,8,11,14,17,20-hexahydroxy-18-[(1s)-1-hydroxyethyl]-12,15-dimethyl-6-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2-oxo-22-[(2s)-tridecan-2-yl]-1-oxa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaazacyclodocosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaen-9-yl]propanimidic acid
C47H77N7O10 (899.5731622000001)
(3z)-3-(1-aminoethylidene)-6-methylpyran-2,4-dione
methyl 6-[(1s,2r)-3-oxo-2-pentylcyclopentyl]hexanoate
8-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxypentyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2-benzopyran-1-one
(1s,2s,5r,7s,8r,9r,10r,13r,16r,17s)-7-fluoro-9,16-dihydroxy-1,13-dimethyl-6-methylidene-11-oxapentacyclo[8.6.1.1⁵,⁸.0²,⁸.0¹³,¹⁷]octadecan-12-one
8-[(1s,2r)-3-oxo-2-pentylcyclopentyl]octanoic acid
methyl 4-[(1s,2r)-3-oxo-2-[(2z)-pent-2-en-1-yl]cyclopentyl]butanoate
(3s,5e,7r,8s,11e)-7,8,14,16-tetrahydroxy-3-methyl-3,4,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-2-benzoxacyclotetradecin-1-one
(2s,3r)-2-({1-hydroxy-2-[(1r,2s)-3-oxo-2-[(2z)-pent-2-en-1-yl]cyclopentyl]ethylidene}amino)-3-methylpentanoic acid
C18H29NO4 (323.20964740000005)
1-acetyl-2,4,5,8-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxyanthracene-9,10-dione
3,5-dihydroxy-1-methyl-3-({4-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)oxy]phenyl}methyl)-6h-pyrazin-2-one
3-[(2s,3z,5r,6e,8e)-1,2-dihydroxydeca-3,6,8-trien-5-yl]-4-hydroxy-5-methylidenefuran-2-one
(2r,3r,4r,5s,6s)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl (2e,4e,8e,10e)-7-hydroxyhexadeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenoate
(1r,2s,3s,4r,8r,9r,11r,12r)-8-formyl-11-hydroxy-4-methyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
3-[(6-{[(2e)-deca-2,4-dienoyloxy]methyl}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl)oxy]-6-[2,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl 7-hydroxyhexadeca-2,4,8,10-tetraenoate
(2r,3s)-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-[(2e,4s)-4-methylhex-2-en-2-yl]-1-(2-phenylethyl)-5-propanoyl-2h-pyridin-4-one
(1r,2r,6r,8s)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,10-trimethyl-7-oxatricyclo[6.4.0.0²,⁶]dodec-9-en-4-one
4,5,8-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-(2-oxopropyl)-3,4-dihydro-2h-naphthalen-1-one
19-ethyl-19-hydroxy-8-methoxy-17-oxa-3,13-diazapentacyclo[11.8.0.0²,¹¹.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁵,²⁰]henicosa-1(21),2,4,6,8,10,15(20)-heptaene-14,18-dione
(2s,3s,4s)-5-[(3s,3as,6s,7ar,10r,10ar,10bs)-3,6,7a,10-tetramethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,8h,9h,10ah,10bh-cyclopenta[d]s-indacen-10-yl]-2-methylpentane-1,2,3,4-tetrol
(1r,9r,12s)-3,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-12-(2-oxopropyl)-11-oxatricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodeca-2,4,6-trien-8-one
(1s,2r,5r,8s,9r,12s,13s,17r)-12-hydroxy-13-methyl-4-methylidene-15-oxapentacyclo[7.7.1.1²,⁵.0²,⁸.0¹³,¹⁷]octadecane-14,16-dione
(1s,9r)-6-[(2s,5r,6r)-6-[(2e,4s,6r)-4,6-dimethyloct-2-en-2-yl]-5-methyloxan-2-yl]-1-hydroxy-4-methyl-8-oxa-4-azatricyclo[7.4.0.0²,⁷]trideca-2,6-diene-5,11-dione
C28H41NO5 (471.29845760000006)
(3s,4r,5r,7r)-7-[(1s,4r)-4-hydroxy-1,4-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-7-methyl-1-oxaspiro[2.4]heptane-4,5-diol
6-benzyl-5,8,11,14-tetrahydroxy-12-isopropyl-3,9,15-tris(2-methylpropyl)-1-oxa-4,7,10,13-tetraazacyclopentadeca-4,7,10,13-tetraen-2-one
(3s,4ar,5ar,6as,7s,10ar,10br)-3-ethenyl-7-(hydroxymethyl)-3,7,10a-trimethyl-octahydro-1h-phenanthro[9,8a-b]oxiren-10b-ol
1-(5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl)-5a-methoxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,5h,6h,7h,8h,9h,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-8,9b-diol
(1r,5ar,7s,9as,9br,11ar)-1-[(2r,3e,5r)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,5ah,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
2-hydroxy-n-[6-hydroxy-3-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoyl)-4,4,7-trimethyl-2-[3-methyl-2-(methylamino)pent-4-enoyl]-3-[3-methyl-2-(methylamino)pentanoyl]-1,5-dioxooctan-2-yl]-n,3-dimethylbutanamide
C36H63N3O9 (681.4564068000001)
4-[(2r,3s)-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-[(2e,4s)-4-methylhex-2-en-2-yl]-4-oxo-5-propanoyl-2h-pyridin-1-yl]butanimidic acid
(1r,2s,3s,4r,8r,9s,10r,12s)-10-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
2,5,8-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-3-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione
(1r,2r,5r,8r,9s,10r,11s,12r,13r)-12,13-dihydroxy-11-methyl-6-methylidene-16-oxo-15-oxapentacyclo[9.3.2.1⁵,⁸.0¹,¹⁰.0²,⁸]heptadecane-9-carboxylic acid
(10'r,11's)-3',10'-dihydroxy-2'-(hydroxymethyl)-1',5'-dimethyl-4'-oxo-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-11'-yl acetate
2-(2-{[(5r,6r,7s,9s,18s)-19-amino-6-[(3,4-dicarboxybutanoyl)oxy]-18-hydroxy-5,9-dimethylnonadecan-7-yl]oxy}-2-oxoethyl)butanedioic acid
methyl 5,12-dihydroxy-11-methyl-6-methylidene-16-oxo-15-oxapentacyclo[9.3.2.1⁵,⁸.0¹,¹⁰.0²,⁸]heptadec-13-ene-9-carboxylate
3'-hydroxy-2'-(hydroxymethyl)-1',5'-dimethyl-4'-oxo-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-10'-yl acetate
(3r,4as,5r,10as)-3,5,6,9-tetrahydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-1h,4h,4ah,5h,10ah-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-10-one
(1s,2s,5r,7r,8r,9s,11r)-2,6,6,9-tetramethyltricyclo[5.4.0.0²,⁹]undecane-5,8,11-triol
3-ethoxy-5,10-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-1h,4h-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran-6,9-dione
(1s,2s)-3-[(3s,3as,6s,7ar,10r,10ar,10bs)-3,6,7a,10-tetramethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,8h,9h,10ah,10bh-cyclopenta[d]s-indacen-10-yl]-1-[(2s)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]propane-1,2-diol
1-ethyl-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-(4-methylhex-2-en-2-yl)-5-propanoyl-2h-pyridin-4-one
2,4-dihydroxy-1-{4-hydroxy-3,6,7a,10-tetramethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,8h,9h,10ah,10bh-cyclopenta[d]s-indacen-10-yl}-4-methylpentan-3-one
2'-(hydroxymethyl)-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-ene-3',4',10'-triol
(1's,2r,2'r,4's,7'r,9'r,10'r,11's)-11'-(acetyloxy)-2'-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-10'-hydroxy-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-4'-yl hexanoate
2-({1-hydroxy-2-[3-oxo-2-(pent-2-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl]ethylidene}amino)-3-methylpentanoic acid
C18H29NO4 (323.20964740000005)
(5s,6e)-11-hydroxy-5-isopropylundec-6-ene-2,8-dione
1,2,11-trimethyl-8-oxatricyclo[7.4.0.0²,⁶]tridec-10-ene-4,6-diol
4-oxo-2-[2-oxo-2-({11,16,18-trihydroxy-19-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-5,9-dimethyl-6-oxoicosan-7-yl}oxy)ethyl]pentanoic acid
(1r,3ar,5r,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-1-[(2r,3e,5r)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-5a,7,9b-trihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,5h,6h,7h,8h,9h,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-5-yl acetate
5-[12-(chloromethylidene)-4-hydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyltetracyclo[6.6.1.0²,⁶.0¹¹,¹⁵]pentadeca-7,11(15)-dien-3-yl]-2-methylpentane-1,2,3,4-tetrol
C25H37ClO5 (452.23293820000004)
(1s,2r,5r,6r,7s)-5-hydroxy-6,7,10-trimethyltricyclo[5.3.1.0²,⁶]undec-9-ene-2-carboxylic acid
3-{1-formyl-6-methylidene-4-oxobicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-yl}-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
(3s,6s)-3-({4-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)oxy]phenyl}methyl)-3,6-bis(methylsulfanyl)-6h-pyrazine-2,5-diol
C18H24N2O3S2 (380.12282739999995)
5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione
(1r,2s,5r,7s)-2-[(3as,4s,7ar)-4,7a-dimethyl-1,3-dioxo-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-4-yl]-7-fluoro-6-methylidenebicyclo[3.2.1]octane-1-carbaldehyde
6-hydroxy-1,2,11-trimethyl-8-oxatricyclo[7.4.0.0²,⁶]tridec-10-en-5-one
(3ar,8ar)-1h,2h,3h,8h,8ah-pyrrolo[2,3-b]indol-3a-yl acetate
4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidene-11-oxotetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
1,5,10-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-1h-cyclohexa[g]isochromene-6,9-dione
(1r,2r,3s,4s,5s,8s,9s,12r)-5-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
5,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,4a-trimethyl-hexahydro-2h-naphthalene-2,6-diol
(1s,2s,5r,7s,8r,9r,10r,13r,17s)-7-fluoro-9-hydroxy-1,13-dimethyl-6-methylidene-11-oxapentacyclo[8.6.1.1⁵,⁸.0²,⁸.0¹³,¹⁷]octadecan-12-one
C20H27FO3 (334.19441240000003)
2,9-dimethyltricyclo[5.4.0.0²,⁹]undecane-8,11-diol
4,7-dimethoxy-7,8-dimethyl-5h,8h-pyrano[3,2-c]pyran-2-one
2-({2-carboxy-2-[(c-hydroxycarbonimidoylmethyl)amino]ethyl}amino)butanedioic acid
(2s,3r)-2-({1-hydroxy-2-[(1r,2s)-3-oxo-2-pentylcyclopentyl]ethylidene}amino)-3-methylpentanoic acid
C18H31NO4 (325.22529660000004)
(1's,2'r,4's,7'r,9'r,10'r,11's)-2'-(hydroxymethyl)-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-ene-4',10',11'-triol
methyl 8-[3-oxo-2-(pent-2-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl]octanoate
(2e,5e,7s)-8-methoxy-3,5,7-trimethyl-8-oxoocta-2,5-dienoic acid
(1r,2r,4r,5r,8r,9s,10r,11r)-4-hydroxy-11-methyl-6-methylidene-16-oxo-15-oxapentacyclo[9.3.2.1⁵,⁸.0¹,¹⁰.0²,⁸]heptadecane-9-carboxylic acid
(2s,5s)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl (2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18e,20e)-2,6,10,15,19-pentamethyl-21-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)henicosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20-decaenoate
methyl 4-[(1s,2s)-3-oxo-2-[(2z)-pent-2-en-1-yl]cyclopentyl]butanoate
(1r)-5,10-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethoxy-3-methyl-1h-cyclohexa[g]isochromene-6,9-dione
methyl (2e,3e,5e,7e,9e)-11-[(1s,4s,5r)-2,4-dihydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en-1-yl]-2-ethylidene-4,10-dimethyl-11-oxoundeca-3,5,7,9-tetraenoate
C22H27NO7 (417.17874320000004)
6-[3-oxo-2-(pent-2-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl]hexanoic acid
(1ar,2r,3s,3as,5r,6r,7ar,7bs)-2-[(2e)-but-2-en-2-yl]-6-hydroxy-1a,6-dimethyl-3-[(1e,3e)-4-[(4s,5s)-2,2,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl]penta-1,3-dien-1-yl]-octahydronaphtho[1,2-b]oxiren-5-yl 2-phenylacetate
(2e,4e,8e)-11-[(2r,3r)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxooxetan-2-yl]-3,5,7-trimethylundeca-2,4,8-trienoic acid
(3s,3as,7ar,8s,11as)-8-isopropyl-3,6-dimethyl-11-methylidene-1h,2h,3h,4h,7ah,8h,9h,10h,11ah-cyclohexa[d]azulen-5-one
(1's,2r,2'r,4's,7'r,9'r,10'r,11's)-11'-(acetyloxy)-2'-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-10'-hydroxy-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-4'-yl pentanoate
methyl 11-{3a,5-dihydroxy-2h,3h,6h,6ah-furo[3,2-b]pyrrol-6-yl}-2-ethylidene-4,10-dimethyl-11-oxoundeca-3,5,7,9-tetraenoate
C22H27NO6 (401.18382820000005)
methyl 2-(4,7a-dimethyl-1,3-dioxo-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-4-yl)-6-methylidenebicyclo[3.2.1]octane-1-carboxylate
2-[(4r)-4,8-dimethylspiro[4.5]dec-7-en-1-yl]propan-2-ol
2,5-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-3-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione
2,4-dimethyl (1s,2s,3s,4s,5s,12r)-5-hydroxy-4-methyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadeca-6,8-diene-2,4-dicarboxylate
methyl 11-methyl-6-methylidene-12-oxo-13-oxapentacyclo[9.3.3.1⁵,⁸.0¹,¹⁰.0²,⁸]octadecane-9-carboxylate
9-benzyl-5,8,11,14-tetrahydroxy-6-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-15-isopropyl-1-methyl-3,12-bis(2-methylpropyl)-1,4,7,10,13-pentaazacyclopentadeca-4,7,10,13-tetraen-2-one
C38H52N6O5 (672.3998981999999)
(1's,2s,2'r,3's,7'r,9'r,10'r,11's)-3',10'-dihydroxy-2'-(hydroxymethyl)-1',5'-dimethyl-4'-oxo-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-11'-yl acetate
(1's,2s,2'r,4's,7'r,9'r,10'r,11's)-4',11'-bis(acetyloxy)-10'-hydroxy-1',5'-dimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-2'-ylmethyl acetate
4,12,13-trihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-6,10-dimethyl-3,14-dioxatetracyclo[6.5.1.0¹,¹⁰.0⁴,⁹]tetradecan-5-one
2-(2-{[(5r,6r,7s,9s,11r,16r,18r)-19-amino-6-[(3,4-dicarboxybutanoyl)oxy]-11,16,17,18-tetrahydroxy-5,9-dimethylnonadecan-7-yl]oxy}-2-oxoethyl)butanedioic acid
beauvericin
{"Ingredient_id": "HBIN017671","Ingredient_name": "beauvericin","Alias": "NA","Ingredient_formula": "C45H57N3O9","Ingredient_Smile": "CC(C)C1C(=O)N(C(C(=O)OC(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)OC(C(=O)N(C(C(=O)O1)CC2=CC=CC=C2)C)C(C)C)CC3=CC=CC=C3)C)C(C)C)CC4=CC=CC=C4)C","Ingredient_weight": "783.9 g/mol","OB_score": "NA","CAS_id": "NA","SymMap_id": "NA","TCMID_id": "2188","TCMSP_id": "NA","TCM_ID_id": "NA","PubChem_id": "44419427","DrugBank_id": "NA"}
β-zeacarotene
{"Ingredient_id": "HBIN018356","Ingredient_name": "\u03b2-zeacarotene","Alias": "NA","Ingredient_formula": "C40H58","Ingredient_Smile": "CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)C)C","Ingredient_weight": "NA","OB_score": "NA","CAS_id": "NA","SymMap_id": "NA","TCMID_id": "22957","TCMSP_id": "NA","TCM_ID_id": "NA","PubChem_id": "NA","DrugBank_id": "NA"}
(1'r,2'r,10'r)-1',2',5'-trimethyl-8'-oxaspiro[oxirane-2,12'-tricyclo[7.2.1.0²,⁷]dodecan]-5'-en-10'-ol
(2s,3r)-2-({1-hydroxy-2-[(1r,2r)-3-oxo-2-pentylcyclopentyl]ethylidene}amino)-3-methylpentanoic acid
C18H31NO4 (325.22529660000004)
1-{3,6,7a,10-tetramethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,6h,8h,9h,10ah,10bh-cyclopenta[d]s-indacen-10-yl}-2,4-dihydroxy-4-methylpentan-3-one
(1r,3ar,5r,7s,9as,9br,11ar)-1-[(2r,3e,5r)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-5,9b-dihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,5h,5ah,6h,7h,8h,9h,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl hexadecanoate
[(1r,5ar,7r,8r,9as,10r,11r,11ar)-11-(acetyloxy)-10-hydroxy-8-[(3-hydroxyhexadecanoyl)oxy]-1-{4-[2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)oxiran-2-yl]butan-2-yl}-6,6,9a,11a-tetramethyl-1h,2h,4h,5h,5ah,7h,8h,9h,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
C48H80O12S (880.5370200000001)
(1r,2s,3s,4r,8r,9r,12r)-8-formyl-4-methyl-13-methylidene-11-oxotetracyclo[10.2.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁸]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid
(3r,6r,9s,12r,15s,18r)-3-[(2r)-butan-2-yl]-9-[(2s)-butan-2-yl]-6,12,15,18-tetraisopropyl-4,10,16-trimethyl-1,7,13-trioxa-4,10,16-triazacyclooctadecane-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexone
(1r,2s,4s,5r,9s,10s,12r,13r)-2,12-dihydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.0¹,¹⁰.0⁴,⁹]hexadecane-5-carboxylic acid
methyl (2e,3e,5e,7e,9e)-11-[(1s,4s,5r)-2,4-dihydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en-1-yl]-2-ethylidene-4,6,10-trimethyl-11-oxoundeca-3,5,7,9-tetraenoate
(3s,6r,9s,12r,15s,18r)-6,12,18-triisopropyl-4,10,16-trimethyl-3-(2-methylpropyl)-9,15-bis(sec-butyl)-1,7,13-trioxa-4,10,16-triazacyclooctadecane-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexone
C36H63N3O9 (681.4564068000001)