Fraxetin

7,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxychromen-2-one

C10H8O5 (208.0371718)


Fraxetin is a hydroxycoumarin that is 6-methoxycoumarin in which the hydrogens at positions 7 and 8 have been replaced by hydroxy groups. It has a role as an Arabidopsis thaliana metabolite, an antimicrobial agent, an apoptosis inhibitor, an apoptosis inducer, an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory agent, a hepatoprotective agent, an antibacterial agent and a hypoglycemic agent. It is a hydroxycoumarin and an aromatic ether. Fraxetin is a natural product found in Santolina pinnata, Campanula dolomitica, and other organisms with data available. A hydroxycoumarin that is 6-methoxycoumarin in which the hydrogens at positions 7 and 8 have been replaced by hydroxy groups. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.550 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.543 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.542 Fraxetin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=574-84-5 (retrieved 2024-06-28) (CAS RN: 574-84-5). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Fraxetin is isolated from Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance. Fraxetin has antitumor, anti-oxidation effects and anti-inflammory effects. Fraxetin induces apoptosis[1]. Fraxetin is isolated from Fraxinus rhynchophylla Hance. Fraxetin has antitumor, anti-oxidation effects and anti-inflammory effects. Fraxetin induces apoptosis[1].

   

L-Leucine

(2S)-2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid

C6H13NO2 (131.0946238)


Leucine (Leu) or L-leucine is an alpha-amino acid. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amino (‚ÄìNH2) and carboxyl (‚ÄìCOOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid. L-leucine is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the amino acids used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Leucine is found in all organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. It is classified as a non-polar, uncharged (at physiological pH) aliphatic amino acid. Leucine is essential in humans, meaning the body cannot synthesize it, and it must be obtained from the diet. Human dietary sources are foods that contain protein, such as meats, dairy products, soy products, beans and legumes. L-Leucine is a branched chain amino acid (BCAA). The BCAAs consist of leucine, valine and isoleucine (and occasionally threonine). BCAAs are essential amino acids whose carbon structure is marked by a branch point at the beta-carbon position. BCAAs are critical to human life and are particularly involved in stress, energy and muscle metabolism. BCAA supplementation as therapy, both oral and intravenous, in human health and disease holds great promise. BCAAs have different metabolic routes, with valine going solely to carbohydrates (glucogenic), leucine solely to fats (ketogenic) and isoleucine being both a glucogenic and a ketogenic amino acid. The different metabolism accounts for different requirements for these essential amino acids in humans: 12 mg/kg, 14 mg/kg and 16 mg/kg of valine, leucine and isoleucine respectively. The primary metabolic end products of leucine metabolism are acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate; consequently, it is one of the two exclusively ketogenic amino acids, with lysine being the other. Leucine is the most important ketogenic amino acid in humans. The vast majority of l-leucine metabolism is initially catalyzed by the branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase enzyme, producing alpha-ketoisocaproate (alpha-KIC). alpha-KIC is metabolized by the mitochondrial enzyme branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase, which converts it to isovaleryl-CoA. Isovaleryl-CoA is subsequently metabolized by the enzyme isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase and converted to beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA (MC-CoA), which is used in the synthesis of acetyl-CoA and other compounds. During biotin deficiency, HMB can be synthesized from MC-CoA via enoyl-CoA hydratase and an unknown thioesterase enzyme, which convert MC-CoA into HMB-CoA and HMB-CoA into HMB respectively. Leucine has the capacity to directly stimulate myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis (PMID 15051860). This effect of leucine arises results from its role as an activator of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) (PMID 23551944) a serine-threonine protein kinase that regulates protein biosynthesis and cell growth. The activation of mTOR by leucine is mediated through Rag GTPases. Leucine, like other BCAAs, is associated with insulin resistance. In particular, higher levels of leucine are observed in the blood of diabetic mice, rats, and humans (PMID 25287287). BCAAs such as leucine have different deficiency symptoms. Valine deficiency is marked by neurological defects in the brain, while isoleucine deficiency is marked by muscle tremors. Persistently low leucine levels can result in decreased appetite, poor feeding, lethargy, poor growth, weight loss, skin rashes, hair loss, and desquamation. Many types of inborn errors of BCAA metabolism exist and these are marked by various abnormalities. The most common form is maple syrup urine disease, marked by a characteristic urinary odor. Other abnormalities are associated with a wide range of symptoms, such as mental retardation, ataxia, hypoglycemia, spinal muscle atrophy, rash, vomiting and excessive muscle movement. Most forms of BCAA metabolism errors are corrected by dietary res... L-leucine is the L-enantiomer of leucine. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, a human metabolite, an algal metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a pyruvate family amino acid, a proteinogenic amino acid, a leucine and a L-alpha-amino acid. It is a conjugate base of a L-leucinium. It is a conjugate acid of a L-leucinate. It is an enantiomer of a D-leucine. It is a tautomer of a L-leucine zwitterion. An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation. L-Leucine is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Leucine is one of nine essential amino acids in humans (provided by food), Leucine is important for protein synthesis and many metabolic functions. Leucine contributes to regulation of blood-sugar levels; growth and repair of muscle and bone tissue; growth hormone production; and wound healing. Leucine also prevents breakdown of muscle proteins after trauma or severe stress and may be beneficial for individuals with phenylketonuria. Leucine is available in many foods and deficiency is rare. (NCI04) Leucine (abbreviated as Leu or L)[2] is a branched-chain л±-amino acid with the chemical formulaHO2CCH(NH2)CH2CH(CH3)2. Leucine is classified as a hydrophobic amino acid due to its aliphatic isobutyl side chain. It is encoded by six codons (UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, and CUG) and is a major component of the subunits in ferritin, astacin, and other buffer proteins. Leucine is an essential amino acid, meaning that the human body cannot synthesize it, and it therefore must be ingested. It is important for hemoglobin formation. An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation. See also: Isoleucine; Leucine (component of) ... View More ... Dietary supplement, nutrient [DFC]. (±)-Leucine is found in many foods, some of which are green bell pepper, italian sweet red pepper, green zucchini, and red bell pepper. L-Leucine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=61-90-5 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 61-90-5). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1]. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1]. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1]. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1].

   

Friedelin

3(2H)-PICENONE, EICOSAHYDRO-4,4A,6B,8A,11,11,12B,14A-OCTAMETHYL-, (4R-(4.ALPHA.,4A.ALPHA.,6A.BETA.,6B.ALPHA.,8A.ALPHA.,12A.ALPHA.,12B.BETA.,14A.ALPHA.,14B.BETA.))-

C30H50O (426.386145)


Friedelin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is perhydropicene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and by methyl groups at the 4, 4a, 6b, 8a, 11, 11, 12b, and 14a-positions (the 4R,4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,12bS,14aS,14bS-enantiomer). It is the major triterpenoid constituent of cork. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory drug, a non-narcotic analgesic, an antipyretic and a plant metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a cyclic terpene ketone. Friedelin is a natural product found in Diospyros eriantha, Salacia chinensis, and other organisms with data available. A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is perhydropicene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and by methyl groups at the 4, 4a, 6b, 8a, 11, 11, 12b, and 14a-positions (the 4R,4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,12bS,14aS,14bS-enantiomer). It is the major triterpenoid constituent of cork. Friedelin is a member of the class of compounds known as triterpenoids. Triterpenoids are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units. Friedelin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Friedelin can be found in a number of food items such as pomegranate, sugar apple, apple, and mammee apple, which makes friedelin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Friedelin is a triterpenoid chemical compound found in Azima tetracantha, Orostachys japonica, and Quercus stenophylla. Friedelin is also found in the roots of the Cannabis plant .

   

Afzelin

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-4H-chromen-4-one

C21H20O10 (432.105642)


Afzelin is a glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antibacterial agent and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a glycosyloxyflavone, a trihydroxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a kaempferol. It is a conjugate acid of an afzelin(1-). Afzelin is a natural product found in Premna odorata, Vicia tenuifolia, and other organisms with data available. [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_30eV_1-1_01_1585.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_20eV_1-1_01_1549.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_10eV_1-1_01_1540.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_10eV_1-1_01_1576.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_20eV_1-1_01_1584.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_40eV_1-1_01_1586.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_30eV_1-1_01_1550.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_50eV_1-1_01_1552.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_40eV_1-1_01_1551.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_50eV_1-1_01_1587.txt Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside)It is a flavonol glycoside that has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress response, anti-apoptotic, and anti-cardiac cytotoxic effects. AfzelinIt can reduce mitochondrial damage, enhance mitochondrial biosynthesis, and reduce mitochondria-related proteins. Parkinand PTENinduced putative kinase 1 (putative kinase 1)s level. AfzelinCan be improved D-galactosamine(GalN)/LPSSurvival rate of mice treated with doxorubicin prophylaxis (HY-15142A)Induced cardiotoxicity and scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced neurological injury. AfzelinAlso inhibits asthma and allergies caused by ovalbumin[1][2][3][4]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1].

   

CleomiscosinA

9H-pyrano[2,3-f]-1,4-benzodioxin-9-one, 2,3-dihydro-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-, (2R,3R)-

C20H18O8 (386.10016279999996)


Cleomiscosin A is an organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2,3-dihydro-9H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-h]chromen-9-one substituted by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl group at position 3, a hydroxymethyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5 (the 2R,3R stereoisomer). It exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. It has a role as a metabolite and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a delta-lactone, an aromatic ether, an organic heterotricyclic compound, a member of phenols and a primary alcohol. Cleomiscosin A is a natural product found in Hibiscus syriacus, Artemisia minor, and other organisms with data available. An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2,3-dihydro-9H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-h]chromen-9-one substituted by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl group at position 3, a hydroxymethyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5 (the 2R,3R stereoisomer). It exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. Cleomiscosin A is a coumarino-lignoid from branch of Macaranga adenantha. Cleomiscosin A is active against TNF-alpha secretion of the mouse peritoneal macrophages[1][2]. Cleomiscosin A is a coumarino-lignoid from branch of Macaranga adenantha. Cleomiscosin A is active against TNF-alpha secretion of the mouse peritoneal macrophages[1][2].

   

Stearic acid

1-Heptadecanecarboxylic acid

C18H36O2 (284.2715156)


Stearic acid, also known as stearate or N-octadecanoic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Thus, stearic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Stearic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Stearic acid can be synthesized from octadecane. Stearic acid is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, 3-oxooctadecanoic acid, (9S,10S)-10-hydroxy-9-(phosphonooxy)octadecanoic acid, and 16-methyloctadecanoic acid. Stearic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green bell pepper, common oregano, ucuhuba, and babassu palm, which makes stearic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Stearic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including urine, feces, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and sweat, as well as throughout most human tissues. Stearic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, stearic acid is involved in the plasmalogen synthesis. Stearic acid is also involved in mitochondrial beta-oxidation of long chain saturated fatty acids, which is a metabolic disorder. Moreover, stearic acid is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Stearic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Stearic acid ( STEER-ik, stee-ARR-ik) is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain and has the IUPAC name octadecanoic acid. It is a waxy solid and its chemical formula is C17H35CO2H. Its name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéar", which means tallow. The salts and esters of stearic acid are called stearates. As its ester, stearic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in nature following palmitic acid. The triglyceride derived from three molecules of stearic acid is called stearin . Stearic acid, also known as octadecanoic acid or C18:0, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Stearic acid (its ester is called stearate) is a saturated fatty acid that has 18 carbons and is therefore a very hydrophobic molecule that is practically insoluble in water. It exists as a waxy solid. In terms of its biosynthesis, stearic acid is produced from carbohydrates via the fatty acid synthesis machinery wherein acetyl-CoA contributes two-carbon building blocks, up to the 16-carbon palmitate, via the enzyme complex fatty acid synthase (FA synthase), at which point a fatty acid elongase is needed to further lengthen it. After synthesis, there are a variety of reactions it may undergo, including desaturation to oleate via stearoyl-CoA desaturase (PMID: 16477801). Stearic acid is found in all living organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. It is one of the useful types of saturated fatty acids that comes from many animal and vegetable fats and oils. For example, it is a component of cocoa butter and shea butter. It is used as a food additive, in cleaning and personal care products, and in lubricants. Its name comes from the Greek word stear, which means ‚Äòtallow‚Äô or ‚Äòhard fat‚Äô. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils.

   

Afzelin

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-4H-chromen-4-one

C21H20O10 (432.105642)


5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-4h-chromen-4-one is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-3-o-glycosides. Flavonoid-3-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to carbohydrate moiety at the C3-position. 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-4h-chromen-4-one is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-4h-chromen-4-one can be found in a number of food items such as endive, linden, peach, and ginkgo nuts, which makes 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-4h-chromen-4-one a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside)It is a flavonol glycoside that has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress response, anti-apoptotic, and anti-cardiac cytotoxic effects. AfzelinIt can reduce mitochondrial damage, enhance mitochondrial biosynthesis, and reduce mitochondria-related proteins. Parkinand PTENinduced putative kinase 1 (putative kinase 1)s level. AfzelinCan be improved D-galactosamine(GalN)/LPSSurvival rate of mice treated with doxorubicin prophylaxis (HY-15142A)Induced cardiotoxicity and scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced neurological injury. AfzelinAlso inhibits asthma and allergies caused by ovalbumin[1][2][3][4]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1].

   

Friedelin

4,4a,6b,8a,11,11,12b,14a-octamethyl-docosahydropicen-3-one

C30H50O (426.386145)


Friedelin is a member of the class of compounds known as triterpenoids. Triterpenoids are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units. Friedelin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Friedelin can be found in a number of food items such as apple, pear, mammee apple, and sugar apple, which makes friedelin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Friedelin is a triterpenoid chemical compound found in Azima tetracantha, Orostachys japonica, and Quercus stenophylla. Friedelin is also found in the roots of the Cannabis plant .

   

Rhodiocyanoside A

Rhodiocyanoside A

C11H17NO6 (259.1055822)


A cyanogenic glycoside that is (2Z)-2-methylbut-2-enenitrile attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy at position 4. Isolated from Rhodiola quadrifida, it exhibits anti-allergic activity.

   
   

Afzelin

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-4H-chromen-4-one

C21H20O10 (432.105642)


Afzelin is a glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antibacterial agent and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a glycosyloxyflavone, a trihydroxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a kaempferol. It is a conjugate acid of an afzelin(1-). Afzelin is a natural product found in Premna odorata, Vicia tenuifolia, and other organisms with data available. A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside)It is a flavonol glycoside that has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress response, anti-apoptotic, and anti-cardiac cytotoxic effects. AfzelinIt can reduce mitochondrial damage, enhance mitochondrial biosynthesis, and reduce mitochondria-related proteins. Parkinand PTENinduced putative kinase 1 (putative kinase 1)s level. AfzelinCan be improved D-galactosamine(GalN)/LPSSurvival rate of mice treated with doxorubicin prophylaxis (HY-15142A)Induced cardiotoxicity and scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced neurological injury. AfzelinAlso inhibits asthma and allergies caused by ovalbumin[1][2][3][4]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1].

   

L-Leucine

L-Leucine, (Cell Culture Reagent, Crystalline)

C6H13NO2 (131.0946238)


Flavouring ingredient; dietary supplement, nutrient. L-Leucine is found in many foods, some of which are lettuce, common bean, pacific herring, and kefir. MS2 deconvoluted using MS2Dec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N_STSL_0102_Leucine_8000fmol_180425_S2_LC02_MS02_19; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. MS2 deconvoluted using CorrDec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1]. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1]. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1]. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1].

   

stearic acid

stearic acid

C18H36O2 (284.2715156)


Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils.

   

Octadecanoic acid

Octadecanoic acid

C18H36O2 (284.2715156)


A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.

   

linoleic

9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, (9E,12E)-

C18H32O2 (280.2402172)


Linolelaidic acid (Linoelaidic acid), an omega-6 trans fatty acid, acts as a source of energy. Linolelaidic acid is an essential nutrient, adding in enteral, parenteral, and infant formulas. Linolelaidic acid can be used for heart diseases research[1]. Linolelaidic acid (Linoelaidic acid), an omega-6 trans fatty acid, acts as a source of energy. Linolelaidic acid is an essential nutrient, adding in enteral, parenteral, and infant formulas. Linolelaidic acid can be used for heart diseases research[1].

   

Pirod

InChI=1\C4H4N2O2\c7-3-1-2-5-4(8)6-3\h1-2H,(H2,5,6,7,8

C4H4N2O2 (112.02727639999999)


COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Uracil is a common and naturally occurring pyrimidine derivative and one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of RNA. Uracil is a common and naturally occurring pyrimidine derivative and one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of RNA. Uracil is a common and naturally occurring pyrimidine derivative and one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of RNA.

   

(3e,4s)-4-(2h-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]oxolan-2-one

(3e,4s)-4-(2h-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-3-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]oxolan-2-one

C21H20O6 (368.125982)


   

(1r,4s,7s,8s,13s,14s,16r)-13-hydroxy-10,14-dimethyl-7-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,18-trioxapentacyclo[6.6.2.2¹,⁴.0⁴,¹⁶.0¹²,¹⁵]octadeca-9,12(15)-dien-11-one

(1r,4s,7s,8s,13s,14s,16r)-13-hydroxy-10,14-dimethyl-7-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,18-trioxapentacyclo[6.6.2.2¹,⁴.0⁴,¹⁶.0¹²,¹⁵]octadeca-9,12(15)-dien-11-one

C20H24O5 (344.1623654)


   

1-isopropyl-5a-methyl-2-methylidene-octahydrocyclopropa[a]indene-4,5-diol

1-isopropyl-5a-methyl-2-methylidene-octahydrocyclopropa[a]indene-4,5-diol

C15H24O2 (236.1776204)


   

(3r,5r,7s,10s,11e,13s)-10,15-dihydroxy-3,6,6,10,16-pentamethyl-14-azatricyclo[11.2.1.0⁵,⁷]hexadeca-1(16),11,14-trien-2-one

(3r,5r,7s,10s,11e,13s)-10,15-dihydroxy-3,6,6,10,16-pentamethyl-14-azatricyclo[11.2.1.0⁵,⁷]hexadeca-1(16),11,14-trien-2-one

C20H29NO3 (331.2147324)


   

(1s,2r,3as,5r,8r,11s)-2,5,11-trimethyl-4,10-dioxo-8-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,5h,8h,9h,11h-cyclopenta[11]annulen-1-yl acetate

(1s,2r,3as,5r,8r,11s)-2,5,11-trimethyl-4,10-dioxo-8-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,5h,8h,9h,11h-cyclopenta[11]annulen-1-yl acetate

C22H30O4 (358.214398)


   

(1r,5e,7s,8r,9s,10s,11s,12s,16r,17s,18r,22s,26r,27s,28s)-8-[(1z)-buta-1,3-dien-1-yl]-22,27-dihydroxy-20-(hydroxymethyl)-16,24,28-trimethyl-10-[(1e,3e,5e)-nona-1,3,5-trien-1-yl]-2,14-dioxaheptacyclo[14.13.0.0¹,¹⁷.0⁷,¹².0⁹,¹¹.0¹⁸,²⁷.0²²,²⁶]nonacosa-5,19,24-triene-3,13,23-trione

(1r,5e,7s,8r,9s,10s,11s,12s,16r,17s,18r,22s,26r,27s,28s)-8-[(1z)-buta-1,3-dien-1-yl]-22,27-dihydroxy-20-(hydroxymethyl)-16,24,28-trimethyl-10-[(1e,3e,5e)-nona-1,3,5-trien-1-yl]-2,14-dioxaheptacyclo[14.13.0.0¹,¹⁷.0⁷,¹².0⁹,¹¹.0¹⁸,²⁷.0²²,²⁶]nonacosa-5,19,24-triene-3,13,23-trione

C44H54O8 (710.3818484000001)


   

10-{[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy}-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid

10-{[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy}-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,7,8,8a,10,11,12,12b,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid

C39H54O5 (602.3971034)


   

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]chromen-4-one

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]chromen-4-one

C20H18O10 (418.0899928)


   

(2r,6as,7r,10ar)-2-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-10-methylidene-7-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3h,6ah,7h,8h,9h,10ah-cyclohexa[e]azulene-1,4-dione

(2r,6as,7r,10ar)-2-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-10-methylidene-7-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3h,6ah,7h,8h,9h,10ah-cyclohexa[e]azulene-1,4-dione

C20H24O3 (312.1725354)


   

1-hydroxy-3,6,6,10,14-pentamethyl-2,13-dioxotricyclo[10.3.0.0⁵,⁷]pentadeca-11,14-dien-10-yl acetate

1-hydroxy-3,6,6,10,14-pentamethyl-2,13-dioxotricyclo[10.3.0.0⁵,⁷]pentadeca-11,14-dien-10-yl acetate

C22H30O5 (374.209313)


   

(1r,3r,5r,7s,10s,11e)-1,10-dihydroxy-3,6,6,10,14-pentamethyltricyclo[10.3.0.0⁵,⁷]pentadeca-11,14-diene-2,13-dione

(1r,3r,5r,7s,10s,11e)-1,10-dihydroxy-3,6,6,10,14-pentamethyltricyclo[10.3.0.0⁵,⁷]pentadeca-11,14-diene-2,13-dione

C20H28O4 (332.19874880000003)


   

3-(2,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1h-pentalen-1-yl)-3,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-2,4-dione

3-(2,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1h-pentalen-1-yl)-3,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-2,4-dione

C20H26O3 (314.1881846)


   

(1s,2s,4s,7s,9r,11r,13r)-13-hydroxy-4,8,8,11,15-pentamethyl-3-oxatetracyclo[11.3.0.0²,⁴.0⁷,⁹]hexadec-14-ene-12,16-dione

(1s,2s,4s,7s,9r,11r,13r)-13-hydroxy-4,8,8,11,15-pentamethyl-3-oxatetracyclo[11.3.0.0²,⁴.0⁷,⁹]hexadec-14-ene-12,16-dione

C20H28O4 (332.19874880000003)


   

4-[(1s,3r)-3-[(2r)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl]butan-2-one

4-[(1s,3r)-3-[(2r)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)-2-methyl-3-oxopropyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl]butan-2-one

C20H28O3 (316.2038338)


   

tetradecyl (2e)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate

tetradecyl (2e)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate

C24H38O4 (390.2769948)


   

3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a,13b-heptamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-4,9-diol

3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a,13b-heptamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-4,9-diol

C31H52O2 (456.3967092)


   

1,10-dihydroxy-3,6,6,10,14-pentamethyltricyclo[10.3.0.0⁵,⁷]pentadec-14-ene-2,13-dione

1,10-dihydroxy-3,6,6,10,14-pentamethyltricyclo[10.3.0.0⁵,⁷]pentadec-14-ene-2,13-dione

C20H30O4 (334.214398)


   

5-butyl-2-chloro-1h-imidazole-4-carbaldehyde

5-butyl-2-chloro-1h-imidazole-4-carbaldehyde

C8H11ClN2O (186.05598659999998)


   

1,4,7,10,13,16-hexahydroxy-18-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-9-isopropyl-3,12,15-tris(2-methylpropyl)-3h,6h,9h,12h,15h,18h,21h,22h,23h,23ah-pyrrolo[1,2-a]1,4,7,10,13,16,19-heptaazacyclohenicosan-19-one

1,4,7,10,13,16-hexahydroxy-18-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-9-isopropyl-3,12,15-tris(2-methylpropyl)-3h,6h,9h,12h,15h,18h,21h,22h,23h,23ah-pyrrolo[1,2-a]1,4,7,10,13,16,19-heptaazacyclohenicosan-19-one

C39H61N7O8 (755.4581386000001)


   

(1r,2r,3as,5r,8r,11r)-2,5,11-trimethyl-4,10-dioxo-8-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,5h,8h,9h,11h-cyclopenta[11]annulen-1-yl acetate

(1r,2r,3as,5r,8r,11r)-2,5,11-trimethyl-4,10-dioxo-8-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,5h,8h,9h,11h-cyclopenta[11]annulen-1-yl acetate

C22H30O4 (358.214398)


   

(2r,3r,6as,7r,10ar)-3-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-10-methylidene-7-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2h,3h,6ah,7h,8h,9h,10ah-cyclohexa[e]azulene-1,4-dione

(2r,3r,6as,7r,10ar)-3-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-10-methylidene-7-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2h,3h,6ah,7h,8h,9h,10ah-cyclohexa[e]azulene-1,4-dione

C20H24O3 (312.1725354)


   

3,3'-dimethyl-8'-methylidene-5'-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-5',6',7',8'a-tetrahydro-4'ah-spiro[cyclopentane-1,1'-naphthalen]-3-ene-2,2'-dione

3,3'-dimethyl-8'-methylidene-5'-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-5',6',7',8'a-tetrahydro-4'ah-spiro[cyclopentane-1,1'-naphthalen]-3-ene-2,2'-dione

C20H24O2 (296.17762039999997)


   

(2s,4as,10ar)-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-2,6-diol

(2s,4as,10ar)-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-2,6-diol

C18H26O2 (274.1932696)


   

(1r,1ar,1bs,4r,5r,5as,6ar)-1-isopropyl-5a-methyl-2-methylidene-octahydrocyclopropa[a]indene-4,5-diol

(1r,1ar,1bs,4r,5r,5as,6ar)-1-isopropyl-5a-methyl-2-methylidene-octahydrocyclopropa[a]indene-4,5-diol

C15H24O2 (236.1776204)


   

(3s,9s,12s,15s,18s,23as)-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexahydroxy-18-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-9-isopropyl-3,12,15-tris(2-methylpropyl)-3h,6h,9h,12h,15h,18h,21h,22h,23h,23ah-pyrrolo[1,2-a]1,4,7,10,13,16,19-heptaazacyclohenicosan-19-one

(3s,9s,12s,15s,18s,23as)-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexahydroxy-18-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-9-isopropyl-3,12,15-tris(2-methylpropyl)-3h,6h,9h,12h,15h,18h,21h,22h,23h,23ah-pyrrolo[1,2-a]1,4,7,10,13,16,19-heptaazacyclohenicosan-19-one

C39H61N7O8 (755.4581386000001)


   

(2s,3r,6ar,7s,10ar)-3-hydroxy-7-isopropyl-2,5-dimethyl-10-methylidene-2h,3h,6ah,7h,8h,9h,10ah-cyclohexa[e]azulene-1,4-dione

(2s,3r,6ar,7s,10ar)-3-hydroxy-7-isopropyl-2,5-dimethyl-10-methylidene-2h,3h,6ah,7h,8h,9h,10ah-cyclohexa[e]azulene-1,4-dione

C20H26O3 (314.1881846)


   

6-hydroxy-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-4,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-3h-phenanthren-2-one

6-hydroxy-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-4,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-3h-phenanthren-2-one

C18H24O2 (272.17762039999997)


   

11-methoxy-16,22-dimethyl-19-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,5,13-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0¹,¹⁷.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹]docosa-3,7,9,11,16-pentaen-6-one

11-methoxy-16,22-dimethyl-19-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,5,13-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0¹,¹⁷.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹]docosa-3,7,9,11,16-pentaen-6-one

C25H28O5 (408.1936638)


   

3,4-dihydro-2h-pyrrole-2,5-diol

3,4-dihydro-2h-pyrrole-2,5-diol

C4H7NO2 (101.0476762)


   

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}chromen-4-one

5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}chromen-4-one

C20H18O10 (418.0899928)


   

(3as,5r,8r,8as)-3a-hydroxy-3,8-dimethyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-4,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydroazulen-1-one

(3as,5r,8r,8as)-3a-hydroxy-3,8-dimethyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-4,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydroazulen-1-one

C15H22O2 (234.1619712)


   

3a-hydroxy-3,8-dimethyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-4,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydroazulen-1-one

3a-hydroxy-3,8-dimethyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-4,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydroazulen-1-one

C15H22O2 (234.1619712)


   

(1r,3as,3bs,5r,9as,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r,5r)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-5-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,5h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one

(1r,3as,3bs,5r,9as,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r,5r)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-5-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,5h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one

C29H48O2 (428.36541079999995)