NCBI Taxonomy: 3363

Podocarpus (ncbi_taxid: 3363)

found 73 associated metabolites at genus taxonomy rank level.

Ancestor: Podocarpaceae

Child Taxonomies: Podocarpus totara, Podocarpus costalis, Podocarpus henkelii, Podocarpus grayae, Podocarpus hallii, Podocarpus nakaii, Podocarpus rusbyi, Podocarpus rubens, Podocarpus elatus, Podocarpus neriifolius, Podocarpus celatus, Podocarpus pilgeri, Podocarpus brassii, Podocarpus glaucus, Podocarpus affinis, Podocarpus sprucei, Podocarpus matudae, Podocarpus nivalis, Podocarpus ekmanii, Podocarpus smithii, Podocarpus ramosii, Podocarpus rumphii, Podocarpus urbanii, Podocarpus macrophyllus, Podocarpus degeneri, Podocarpus barretoi, Podocarpus deflexus, Podocarpus gibbsiae, Podocarpus pallidus, Podocarpus lucienii, Podocarpus salignus, Podocarpus sellowii, Podocarpus lophatus, Podocarpus ingensis, Podocarpus capuronii, Podocarpus insularis, Podocarpus decipiens, Podocarpus decumbens, Podocarpus dispermus, Podocarpus lawrencei, Podocarpus beecherae, Podocarpus elongatus, Podocarpus nubigenus, Podocarpus lambertii, Podocarpus forrestii, Podocarpus rostratus, Podocarpus transiens, Podocarpus coriaceus, Podocarpus bracteatus, Podocarpus fasciculus, Podocarpus gnidioides, Podocarpus latifolius, Podocarpus sylvestris, Podocarpus chingianus, Podocarpus parlatorei, Podocarpus purdieanus, Podocarpus spinulosus, Podocarpus spathoides, Podocarpus oleifolius, Podocarpus atjehensis, Podocarpus glomeratus, Podocarpus tepuiensis, Podocarpus teysmannii, Podocarpus archboldii, Podocarpus acutifolius, Podocarpus ledermannii, Podocarpus drouynianus, Podocarpus magnifolius, Podocarpus aristulatus, Podocarpus brevifolius, Podocarpus polyspermus, Podocarpus trinitensis, Podocarpus annamiensis, Podocarpus milanjianus, Podocarpus brasiliensis, Podocarpus crassigemmis, Podocarpus cunninghamii, Podocarpus polystachyus, Podocarpus laubenfelsii, Podocarpus salicifolius, unclassified Podocarpus, Podocarpus angustifolius, Podocarpus costaricensis, Podocarpus salomoniensis, Podocarpus guatemalensis, Podocarpus subtropicalis, Podocarpus thailandensis, Podocarpus philippinensis, Podocarpus hispaniolensis, Podocarpus longifoliolatus, Podocarpus madagascariensis, Podocarpus pseudobracteatus, Podocarpus novae-caledoniae, Podocarpus micropedunculatus, Podocarpus cf. rubens PK-2012, Podocarpus aff. pilgeri MH6655, Podocarpus aff. insularis MH6612, Podocarpus aff. degeneri MtLoftyBG, Podocarpus cf. spathoides DPL-2013, Podocarpus cf. sylvestris 19842691A

Luteolin

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one

C15H10O6 (286.047736)


Luteolin is a naturally occurring flavonoid. (PMID:17168665). The flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds found as integral components of the human diet. They are universally present as constituents of flowering plants, particularly of food plants. The flavonoids are phenyl substituted chromones (benzopyran derivatives) consisting of a 15-carbon basic skeleton (C6-C3-C6), composed of a chroman (C6-C3) nucleus (the benzo ring A and the heterocyclic ring C), also shared by the tocopherols, with a phenyl (the aromatic ring B) substitution usually at the 2-position. Different substitutions can typically occur in the rings, A and B. Several plants and spices containing flavonoid derivatives have found application as disease preventive and therapeutic agents in traditional medicine in Asia for thousands of years. The selection of a particular food plant, plant tissue or herb for its potential health benefits appears to mirror its flavonoid composition. The much lower risk of colon, prostate and breast cancers in Asians, who consume more vegetables, fruits and tea than populations in the Western hemisphere do, raises the question of whether flavonoid components mediate the protective effects of diets rich in these foodstuffs by acting as natural chemopreventive and anticancer agents. An impressive body of information exists on the antitumoral action of plant flavonoids. In vitro work has concentrated on the direct and indirect actions of flavonoids on tumor cells, and has found a variety of anticancer effects such as cell growth and kinase activity inhibition, apoptosis induction, suppression of the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases and of tumor invasive behavior. Furthermore, some studies have reported the impairment of in vivo angiogenesis by dietary flavonoids. Experimental animal studies indicate that certain dietary flavonoids possess antitumoral activity. The hydroxylation pattern of the B ring of the flavones and flavonols, such as luteolin seems to critically influence their activities, especially the inhibition of protein kinase activity and antiproliferation. The different mechanisms underlying the potential anticancer action of plant flavonoids await further elucidation. Certain dietary flavonols and flavones targeting cell surface signal transduction enzymes, such as protein tyrosine and focal adhesion kinases, and the processes of angiogenesis appear to be promising candidates as anticancer agents. Further in vivo studies of these bioactive constituents is deemed necessary in order to develop flavonoid-based anticancer strategies. In view of the increasing interest in the association between dietary flavonoids and cancer initiation and progression, this important field is likely to witness expanded effort and to attract and stimulate further vigorous investigations (PMID:16097445). Luteolin is a tetrahydroxyflavone in which the four hydroxy groups are located at positions 3, 4, 5 and 7. It is thought to play an important role in the human body as an antioxidant, a free radical scavenger, an anti-inflammatory agent and an immune system modulator as well as being active against several cancers. It has a role as an EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor, an antineoplastic agent, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist, a plant metabolite, a nephroprotective agent, an angiogenesis inhibitor, a c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor, an anti-inflammatory agent, an apoptosis inducer, a radical scavenger and an immunomodulator. It is a 3-hydroxyflavonoid and a tetrahydroxyflavone. It is a conjugate acid of a luteolin-7-olate. Luteolin is a natural product found in Verbascum lychnitis, Carex fraseriana, and other organisms with data available. Luteolin is a naturally-occurring flavonoid, with potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, apoptosis-inducing and chemopreventive activities. Upon administration, luteolin scavenges free radicals, protects cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage and induces direct cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation and suppresses metastasis. 5,7,3,4-tetrahydroxy-flavone, one of the FLAVONES. See also: Chamomile (part of); Cannabis sativa subsp. indica top (part of); Fenugreek seed (part of). A tetrahydroxyflavone in which the four hydroxy groups are located at positions 3, 4, 5 and 7. It is thought to play an important role in the human body as an antioxidant, a free radical scavenger, an anti-inflammatory agent and an immune system modulator as well as being active against several cancers. Flavone v. widespread in plant world; found especies in celery, peppermint, rosemary, thyme and Queen Annes Lace leaves (wild carrot). Potential nutriceutical. Luteolin is found in many foods, some of which are soy bean, ginger, abalone, and swiss chard. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. IPB_RECORD: 361; CONFIDENCE confident structure CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 48 Luteolin (Luteoline), a flavanoid compound, is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor. Luteolin has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer properties, including the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis, in several cancer cell lines, including human non-small lung cancer cells[1][2][3]. Luteolin (Luteoline), a flavanoid compound, is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor. Luteolin has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer properties, including the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis, in several cancer cell lines, including human non-small lung cancer cells[1][2][3].

   

Isopimaric acid

1-Phenanthrenecarboxylic acid, 7-ethenyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,7,8,10,10a-dodecahydro-1,4a,7-trimethyl-, (1theta-(1alpha,4abeta,4balpha,7alpha,10aalpha))-

C20H30O2 (302.224568)


Isopimaric acid is a diterpenoid, a carbotricyclic compound and a monocarboxylic acid. It is a conjugate acid of an isopimarate. It derives from a hydride of an isopimara-7,15-diene. Isopimaric acid is a natural product found in Pinus brutia var. eldarica, Halocarpus bidwillii, and other organisms with data available. Isopimaric acid is isolated from Pinus palustris (pitch pine). D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators D007476 - Ionophores Isopimaric acid is a potent opener of large conductance calcium activated K+ (BK) channels. Isopimaric acid is a potent opener of large conductance calcium activated K+ (BK) channels.

   

Ferruginol

3-PHENANTHRENOL, 4B,5,6,7,8,8A,9,10-OCTAHYDRO-4B,8,8-TRIMETHYL-2-(1-METHYLETHYL)-, (4BS-TRANS)-

C20H30O (286.229653)


Ferruginol is an abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted by a hydroxy group at positions 12. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an antibacterial agent, a protective agent and a plant metabolite. It is an abietane diterpenoid, a member of phenols, a carbotricyclic compound and a meroterpenoid. Ferruginol is a natural product found in Calocedrus macrolepis, Teucrium polium, and other organisms with data available. An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted by a hydroxy group at positions 12.

   

Apigenin 7,4'-dimethyl ether

5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one

C17H14O5 (298.0841194)


Apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether, also known as apigenin dimethylether or 4,7-dimethylapigenin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 7-O-methylated flavonoids. These are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C7 atom of the flavonoid backbone. Thus, apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. Apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Outside of the human body, apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether has been detected, but not quantified in, common sages and sweet basils. This could make apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. BioTransformer predicts that apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether is a product of 4,5,7-trimethoxyflavone metabolism via an O-dealkylation reaction and catalyzed by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 enzymes (PMID: 30612223). 4-methylgenkwanin, also known as apigenin dimethylether or 4,7-dimethylapigenin, is a member of the class of compounds known as 7-o-methylated flavonoids. 7-o-methylated flavonoids are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C7 atom of the flavonoid backbone. Thus, 4-methylgenkwanin is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. 4-methylgenkwanin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4-methylgenkwanin can be found in common sage and sweet basil, which makes 4-methylgenkwanin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. The compound 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin may be partly responsible for the reported antifungal activity of C. zeyheri, and may serve as a potential source of lead compounds that can be developed as antifungal phytomedicines.And it also showed inhibition of the drug efflux pumps (with IC50 = 51.64 μg/ml). IC50:51.64 μg/ml(Candida albicans drug efflux pumps)[2] In vitro: The isolated 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin was further investigated for its inhibitory activity on ABC drug efflux pumps in C. albicans by monitoring an increase in ciprofloxacin, assessing the level of its accumulation, in response to reserpine. There was a higher accumulation of ciprofloxacin in Candida cells in the presence of 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin than with reserpine. The compound 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenine demonstrated the activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 value of 51.64 μg/ml. These results support those obtained from synergism assays where by the underlying synergistic antifungal mechanisms could be due to blockage of ABC efflux pumps and increasing the susceptibility of Candida to miconazole.[2] In vivo: In searching for natural products as potential anti-inflammatory agents, 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin wasn't evaluated in vivo for its ability to inhibit acute inflammation.[1] The compound 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin may be partly responsible for the reported antifungal activity of C. zeyheri, and may serve as a potential source of lead compounds that can be developed as antifungal phytomedicines.And it also showed inhibition of the drug efflux pumps (with IC50 = 51.64 μg/ml). IC50:51.64 μg/ml(Candida albicans drug efflux pumps)[2] In vitro: The isolated 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin was further investigated for its inhibitory activity on ABC drug efflux pumps in C. albicans by monitoring an increase in ciprofloxacin, assessing the level of its accumulation, in response to reserpine. There was a higher accumulation of ciprofloxacin in Candida cells in the presence of 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin than with reserpine. The compound 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenine demonstrated the activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 value of 51.64 μg/ml. These results support those obtained from synergism assays where by the underlying synergistic antifungal mechanisms could be due to blockage of ABC efflux pumps and increasing the susceptibility of Candida to miconazole.[2] In vivo: In searching for natural products as potential anti-inflammatory agents, 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin wasn't evaluated in vivo for its ability to inhibit acute inflammation.[1]

   
   
   

Bicyclogermacrene

(2Z,6Z)-3,7,11,11-tetramethylbicyclo[8.1.0]undeca-2,6-diene

C15H24 (204.18779039999998)


Constituent of the peel oil of Citrus junos (yuzu). Bicyclogermacrene is found in many foods, some of which are common oregano, lemon balm, hyssop, and orange mint. Bicyclogermacrene is found in citrus. Bicyclogermacrene is a constituent of the peel oil of Citrus junos (yuzu).

   

ent-Sandaracopimaradiene

ent-Sandaracopimara-8(14),15-diene

C20H32 (272.2503872)


   

Quercimeritrin

Quercetin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside

C21H20O12 (464.09547200000003)


Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1]. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1].

   

Atractylon

3,8a-dimethyl-5-methylidene-4H,4aH,5H,6H,7H,8H,8aH,9H-naphtho[2,3-b]furan

C15H20O (216.151407)


   

ent-Sandaracopimaradiene

(4aS,4bS,7R,10aS)-7-ethenyl-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,7,9,10,10a-dodecahydrophenanthrene

C20H32 (272.2503872)


Ent-sandaracopimaradiene, also known as (-)-8(14),15-isopimaradiene or (-)-isopimara-8(14),15-diene, is a member of the class of compounds known as diterpenoids. Diterpenoids are terpene compounds formed by four isoprene units. Thus, ent-sandaracopimaradiene is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Ent-sandaracopimaradiene can be found in rice, which makes ent-sandaracopimaradiene a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.

   

Apigenin 7,4'-dimethyl ether

4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-

C17H14O5 (298.0841194)


Apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether, also known as apigenin dimethylether or 4,7-dimethylapigenin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 7-O-methylated flavonoids. These are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C7 atom of the flavonoid backbone. Thus, apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. Apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Outside of the human body, apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether has been detected, but not quantified in, common sages and sweet basils. This could make apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. BioTransformer predicts that apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether is a product of 4,5,7-trimethoxyflavone metabolism via an O-dealkylation reaction and catalyzed by CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 enzymes (PMID: 30612223). 4-methylgenkwanin, also known as apigenin dimethylether or 4,7-dimethylapigenin, is a member of the class of compounds known as 7-o-methylated flavonoids. 7-o-methylated flavonoids are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C7 atom of the flavonoid backbone. Thus, 4-methylgenkwanin is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. 4-methylgenkwanin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4-methylgenkwanin can be found in common sage and sweet basil, which makes 4-methylgenkwanin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether is a dimethoxyflavone that is the 7,4-dimethyl ether derivative of apigenin. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a dimethoxyflavone and a monohydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to an apigenin. Apigenin 7,4-dimethyl ether is a natural product found in Teucrium polium, Calea jamaicensis, and other organisms with data available. A dimethoxyflavone that is the 7,4-dimethyl ether derivative of apigenin. The compound 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin may be partly responsible for the reported antifungal activity of C. zeyheri, and may serve as a potential source of lead compounds that can be developed as antifungal phytomedicines.And it also showed inhibition of the drug efflux pumps (with IC50 = 51.64 μg/ml). IC50:51.64 μg/ml(Candida albicans drug efflux pumps)[2] In vitro: The isolated 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin was further investigated for its inhibitory activity on ABC drug efflux pumps in C. albicans by monitoring an increase in ciprofloxacin, assessing the level of its accumulation, in response to reserpine. There was a higher accumulation of ciprofloxacin in Candida cells in the presence of 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin than with reserpine. The compound 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenine demonstrated the activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 value of 51.64 μg/ml. These results support those obtained from synergism assays where by the underlying synergistic antifungal mechanisms could be due to blockage of ABC efflux pumps and increasing the susceptibility of Candida to miconazole.[2] In vivo: In searching for natural products as potential anti-inflammatory agents, 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin wasn't evaluated in vivo for its ability to inhibit acute inflammation.[1] The compound 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin may be partly responsible for the reported antifungal activity of C. zeyheri, and may serve as a potential source of lead compounds that can be developed as antifungal phytomedicines.And it also showed inhibition of the drug efflux pumps (with IC50 = 51.64 μg/ml). IC50:51.64 μg/ml(Candida albicans drug efflux pumps)[2] In vitro: The isolated 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin was further investigated for its inhibitory activity on ABC drug efflux pumps in C. albicans by monitoring an increase in ciprofloxacin, assessing the level of its accumulation, in response to reserpine. There was a higher accumulation of ciprofloxacin in Candida cells in the presence of 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin than with reserpine. The compound 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenine demonstrated the activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 value of 51.64 μg/ml. These results support those obtained from synergism assays where by the underlying synergistic antifungal mechanisms could be due to blockage of ABC efflux pumps and increasing the susceptibility of Candida to miconazole.[2] In vivo: In searching for natural products as potential anti-inflammatory agents, 7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin wasn't evaluated in vivo for its ability to inhibit acute inflammation.[1]

   

Quercimeritrin

2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)-4H-chromen-4-one

C21H20O12 (464.09547200000003)


Quercetin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside is a quercetin O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 7 of quercetin via a beta-glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and a metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a monosaccharide derivative, a member of flavonols, a tetrahydroxyflavone and a quercetin O-glucoside. Quercimeritrin is a natural product found in Salix atrocinerea, Dendroviguiera sphaerocephala, and other organisms with data available. See also: Chamomile (part of). Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1]. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1].

   
   

Luteolin

4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy- (9CI)

C15H10O6 (286.047736)


Annotation level-1 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.976 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.975 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.968 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.971 Luteolin (Luteoline), a flavanoid compound, is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor. Luteolin has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer properties, including the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis, in several cancer cell lines, including human non-small lung cancer cells[1][2][3]. Luteolin (Luteoline), a flavanoid compound, is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor. Luteolin has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer properties, including the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and the inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis, in several cancer cell lines, including human non-small lung cancer cells[1][2][3].

   

bicyclogermacrene

bicyclogermacrene

C15H24 (204.18779039999998)


A sesquiterpene derived from germacrane by dehydrogenation across the C(1)-C(10) and C(4)-C(5) bonds and cyclisation across the C(8)-C(9) bond.

   

NAGILACTONE F,8-EPOXY-

NAGILACTONE F,8-EPOXY-

C19H24O5 (332.1623654)


   

Catechol

(+)-Catechin Hydrate

C15H14O6 (290.0790344)


Catechin ((+)-Catechin) inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 1.4 μM. Catechin ((+)-Catechin) inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 1.4 μM.

   

Bilobetin

8-[5-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

C31H20O10 (552.105642)


Bilobetin, an active component of Ginkgo biloba, can reduce blood lipids and improve the effects of insulin. Bilobetin ameliorated insulin resistance, increased the hepatic uptake and oxidation of lipids, reduced very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion and blood triglyceride levels, enhanced the expression and activity of enzymes involved in β-oxidation and attenuated the accumulation of triglycerides and their metabolites in tissues. Bilobetin also increased the phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and activity of PPARα accompanied by elevated cAMP level and PKA activity[1]. Bilobetin, an active component of Ginkgo biloba, can reduce blood lipids and improve the effects of insulin. Bilobetin ameliorated insulin resistance, increased the hepatic uptake and oxidation of lipids, reduced very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion and blood triglyceride levels, enhanced the expression and activity of enzymes involved in β-oxidation and attenuated the accumulation of triglycerides and their metabolites in tissues. Bilobetin also increased the phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and activity of PPARα accompanied by elevated cAMP level and PKA activity[1]. Bilobetin, an active component of Ginkgo biloba, can reduce blood lipids and improve the effects of insulin. Bilobetin ameliorated insulin resistance, increased the hepatic uptake and oxidation of lipids, reduced very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion and blood triglyceride levels, enhanced the expression and activity of enzymes involved in β-oxidation and attenuated the accumulation of triglycerides and their metabolites in tissues. Bilobetin also increased the phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and activity of PPARα accompanied by elevated cAMP level and PKA activity[1]. Bilobetin, an active component of Ginkgo biloba, can reduce blood lipids and improve the effects of insulin. Bilobetin ameliorated insulin resistance, increased the hepatic uptake and oxidation of lipids, reduced very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion and blood triglyceride levels, enhanced the expression and activity of enzymes involved in β-oxidation and attenuated the accumulation of triglycerides and their metabolites in tissues. Bilobetin also increased the phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and activity of PPARα accompanied by elevated cAMP level and PKA activity[1].

   

I6783_SIGMA

(1R,4aR,4bS,7S,10aR)-7-ethenyl-1,4a,7-trimethyl-3,4,4b,5,6,8,10,10a-octahydro-2H-phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

C20H30O2 (302.224568)


D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators D007476 - Ionophores Isopimaric acid is a potent opener of large conductance calcium activated K+ (BK) channels. Isopimaric acid is a potent opener of large conductance calcium activated K+ (BK) channels.

   

Cycloinumakiol

Cycloinumakiol

C20H28O (284.2140038)


An abietane diterpenoid that is podocarpa-8,11,13-triene substituted by a propan-2-yl group at position 14 at an epoxy group across positions 11 and 17. It is isolated from Podocarpus latifolius.

   

(1s,6r,9r,12r,13r,14r,15r,16s)-15-chloro-13,14-dihydroxy-6-[(2r)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-1,12-dimethyl-5,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.6.1.0²,⁷.0¹²,¹⁶]hexadeca-2,7-diene-4,11-dione

(1s,6r,9r,12r,13r,14r,15r,16s)-15-chloro-13,14-dihydroxy-6-[(2r)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-1,12-dimethyl-5,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.6.1.0²,⁷.0¹²,¹⁶]hexadeca-2,7-diene-4,11-dione

C19H23ClO7 (398.1132238)


   

7-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carbaldehyde

7-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carbaldehyde

C20H28O2 (300.2089188)


   

(1s,2r,4r,5r,10s,13s,14r)-13-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadec-8-ene-7,15-dione

(1s,2r,4r,5r,10s,13s,14r)-13-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadec-8-ene-7,15-dione

C19H24O6 (348.1572804)


   

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,11s,13r,14s,15r,18r)-5-[(2s)-1,2-dihydroxypropan-2-yl]-14-hydroxy-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,12,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹¹,¹³.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,11s,13r,14s,15r,18r)-5-[(2s)-1,2-dihydroxypropan-2-yl]-14-hydroxy-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,12,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹¹,¹³.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

C19H22O9 (394.1263762)


   

(1s,4as,9s,10ar)-7,9-dihydroxy-8-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

(1s,4as,9s,10ar)-7,9-dihydroxy-8-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

C20H28O4 (332.19874880000003)


   

(1s,4as,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

(1s,4as,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

C17H22O2 (258.1619712)


   

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,12s,14r,15r,18r)-5-[(1r)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,12s,14r,15r,18r)-5-[(1r)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

C18H20O7 (348.120897)


   

5a,7-dihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-methylheptan-2-yl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-5-one

5a,7-dihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-methylheptan-2-yl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-5-one

C27H46O3 (418.34467659999996)


   

(1s,2r,4s,5r,14r,17r)-5-[(2s)-2-hydroxy-1-[(r)-methanesulfinyl]propan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-8,12-diene-7,15-dione

(1s,2r,4s,5r,14r,17r)-5-[(2s)-2-hydroxy-1-[(r)-methanesulfinyl]propan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-8,12-diene-7,15-dione

C20H24O7S (408.1242674)


   

(1s,4as,9r,10ar)-7-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-9-methoxy-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

(1s,4as,9r,10ar)-7-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-9-methoxy-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

C21H30O4 (346.214398)


   

(1s,2s,4s,5s,6r,9s,12r,17r)-12-isopropyl-1,6-dimethyl-5-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3,8,13-trioxapentacyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁶,¹⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]heptadeca-10,15-diene-7,14-dione

(1s,2s,4s,5s,6r,9s,12r,17r)-12-isopropyl-1,6-dimethyl-5-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3,8,13-trioxapentacyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁶,¹⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]heptadeca-10,15-diene-7,14-dione

C25H32O11 (508.1944522)


   

(1s,4s,8r,9s,12r,15r)-4,8,12,15-tetramethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[7.6.0.0¹,¹².0⁴,⁹]pentadecane

(1s,4s,8r,9s,12r,15r)-4,8,12,15-tetramethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[7.6.0.0¹,¹².0⁴,⁹]pentadecane

C20H32 (272.2503872)


   

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,11r,13s,14r,15r,18r)-14-hydroxy-10,15-dimethyl-5-[(1s)-1-{[(2s,3s,4r,5r,6s)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}ethyl]-3,6,12,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹¹,¹³.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,11r,13s,14r,15r,18r)-14-hydroxy-10,15-dimethyl-5-[(1s)-1-{[(2s,3s,4r,5r,6s)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}ethyl]-3,6,12,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹¹,¹³.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

C24H30O13 (526.168633)


   

2''-o-glucosylvitexin

2''-o-glucosylvitexin

C27H30O15 (594.158463)


   

7-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-9-methoxy-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

7-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-9-methoxy-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

C21H30O4 (346.214398)


   

5-(2-hydroxy-1-methanesulfonylpropan-2-yl)-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadec-8-ene-7,15-dione

5-(2-hydroxy-1-methanesulfonylpropan-2-yl)-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadec-8-ene-7,15-dione

C20H26O8S (426.13483160000004)


   

11,12,13-trihydroxy-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadec-8-ene-7,15-dione

11,12,13-trihydroxy-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadec-8-ene-7,15-dione

C18H22O9 (382.1263762)


   

5-(3-ethenyl-4-hydroxybut-2-en-1-yl)-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-hexahydro-2h-naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid

5-(3-ethenyl-4-hydroxybut-2-en-1-yl)-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylidene-hexahydro-2h-naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid

C20H30O3 (318.21948299999997)


   

15-chloro-8,13,14-trihydroxy-6-isopropyl-1,12-dimethyl-5,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.6.1.0²,⁷.0¹²,¹⁶]hexadeca-2,6-diene-4,11-dione

15-chloro-8,13,14-trihydroxy-6-isopropyl-1,12-dimethyl-5,10-dioxatetracyclo[7.6.1.0²,⁷.0¹²,¹⁶]hexadeca-2,6-diene-4,11-dione

C19H23ClO7 (398.1132238)


   

(1r,4s,9s,10s,13s)-5,5,9-trimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.0¹,¹⁰.0⁴,⁹]hexadecane

(1r,4s,9s,10s,13s)-5,5,9-trimethyl-14-methylidenetetracyclo[11.2.1.0¹,¹⁰.0⁴,⁹]hexadecane

C20H32 (272.2503872)


   

(1r,3as,5ar,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-5a,7-dihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-5-one

(1r,3as,5ar,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-5a,7-dihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-5-one

C29H50O3 (446.37597500000004)


   

6-hydroxy-7-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

6-hydroxy-7-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

C20H28O3 (316.2038338)


   

2-(4b,8,8-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8a,9,10-decahydrophenanthren-2-yl)propan-2-ol

2-(4b,8,8-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8a,9,10-decahydrophenanthren-2-yl)propan-2-ol

C20H34O (290.2609514)


   

5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

C18H20O8 (364.115812)


   

5,7-dihydroxy-2-{4-hydroxy-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]phenyl}chromen-4-one

5,7-dihydroxy-2-{4-hydroxy-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxy]phenyl}chromen-4-one

C20H18O10 (418.0899928)


   

(1s,2s,4r,5r,6r,9s,12r,17r)-12-ethenyl-5-hydroxy-1,6-dimethyl-3,8,13-trioxapentacyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁶,¹⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]heptadeca-10,15-diene-7,14-dione

(1s,2s,4r,5r,6r,9s,12r,17r)-12-ethenyl-5-hydroxy-1,6-dimethyl-3,8,13-trioxapentacyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁶,¹⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]heptadeca-10,15-diene-7,14-dione

C18H18O6 (330.11033280000004)


   

7-ethenyl-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-decahydrophenanthren-8a-ol

7-ethenyl-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-decahydrophenanthren-8a-ol

C20H34O (290.2609514)


   

3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4r,5r,6s)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-1λ⁴-chromen-1-ylium

3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4r,5r,6s)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-1λ⁴-chromen-1-ylium

[C27H31O16]+ (611.1612026)


   

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,12s,14r,15r,18r)-5-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-1-[(s)-methanesulfinyl]propan-2-yl]-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,12s,14r,15r,18r)-5-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-1-[(s)-methanesulfinyl]propan-2-yl]-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

C20H24O8S (424.1191824)


   

(1s,4s,9s,10r,13r)-5,5,9,13-tetramethyltetracyclo[11.2.1.0¹,¹⁰.0⁴,⁹]hexadec-14-ene

(1s,4s,9s,10r,13r)-5,5,9,13-tetramethyltetracyclo[11.2.1.0¹,¹⁰.0⁴,⁹]hexadec-14-ene

C20H32 (272.2503872)


   

(1s,2r,5r,14s,17r)-5-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-1-[(s)-methanesulfinyl]propan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-8,12-diene-7,15-dione

(1s,2r,5r,14s,17r)-5-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-1-[(s)-methanesulfinyl]propan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-8,12-diene-7,15-dione

C20H24O7S (408.1242674)


   

(1s,2r,4r,5r,12s,14r,15r,18r)-5-ethenyl-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

(1s,2r,4r,5r,12s,14r,15r,18r)-5-ethenyl-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

C18H18O6 (330.11033280000004)


   

(1s,2r,4r,5r,10s,11r,13s,14r,15r,18r)-5-ethenyl-14-hydroxy-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,12,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹¹,¹³.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

(1s,2r,4r,5r,10s,11r,13s,14r,15r,18r)-5-ethenyl-14-hydroxy-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,12,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹¹,¹³.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

C18H18O7 (346.10524780000003)


   

(4bs,8s,8ar)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-1-isopropyl-4b,8-dimethyl-5,6,7,8a,9,10-hexahydrophenanthren-2-ol

(4bs,8s,8ar)-8-(hydroxymethyl)-1-isopropyl-4b,8-dimethyl-5,6,7,8a,9,10-hexahydrophenanthren-2-ol

C20H30O2 (302.224568)


   

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,14s,17r)-5-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-1-methanesulfinylpropan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-8,12-diene-7,15-dione

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,14s,17r)-5-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-1-methanesulfinylpropan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-8,12-diene-7,15-dione

C20H24O7S (408.1242674)


   

8-[2-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-5-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one

8-[2-(5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxochromen-2-yl)-5-methoxyphenyl]-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one

C33H24O10 (580.1369404)


   

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,14r,17r)-5-[(2s)-2-hydroxy-1-[(r)-methanesulfinyl]propan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-8,12-diene-7,15-dione

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,14r,17r)-5-[(2s)-2-hydroxy-1-[(r)-methanesulfinyl]propan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadeca-8,12-diene-7,15-dione

C20H24O7S (408.1242674)


   

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,12s,14r,15r,18r)-5-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-1-methanesulfinylpropan-2-yl]-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

(1s,2r,4s,5r,10s,12s,14r,15r,18r)-5-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-1-methanesulfinylpropan-2-yl]-10,15-dimethyl-3,6,13,17-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹²,¹⁴.0¹⁵,¹⁸]octadec-8-ene-7,16-dione

C20H24O8S (424.1191824)


   

(1s,2r,4s,5r,6r,9s,12r,17r)-5-hydroxy-12-isopropyl-1,6-dimethyl-3,8,13-trioxapentacyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁶,¹⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]heptadeca-10,15-diene-7,14-dione

(1s,2r,4s,5r,6r,9s,12r,17r)-5-hydroxy-12-isopropyl-1,6-dimethyl-3,8,13-trioxapentacyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁴.0⁶,¹⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]heptadeca-10,15-diene-7,14-dione

C19H22O6 (346.1416312)


   

(4as,7s,10as)-7-ethenyl-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-3,4,5,6,8,9,10,10a-octahydro-2h-phenanthrene

(4as,7s,10as)-7-ethenyl-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-3,4,5,6,8,9,10,10a-octahydro-2h-phenanthrene

C20H32 (272.2503872)


   

(1s,2r,4r,5r,10s,11r,13s,14r,17r)-11,13-dihydroxy-5-[(2r)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadec-8-ene-7,15-dione

(1s,2r,4r,5r,10s,11r,13s,14r,17r)-11,13-dihydroxy-5-[(2r)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-10,14-dimethyl-3,6,16-trioxapentacyclo[8.6.1.0²,⁴.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁷]heptadec-8-ene-7,15-dione

C19H24O8 (380.1471104)


   

(1s,4as,10ar)-7-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-3-oxo-4,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-2h-phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

(1s,4as,10ar)-7-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-3-oxo-4,9,10,10a-tetrahydro-2h-phenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid

C20H26O4 (330.18309960000005)