Carnosol (BioDeep_00000000044)

   

human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Antitumor activity natural product


代谢物信息卡片


2H-9,4A-(EPOXYMETHANO)PHENANTHREN-12-ONE, 1,3,4,9,10,10A-HEXAHYDRO-5,6-DIHYDROXY-1,1-DIMETHYL-7-(1-METHYLETHYL)-, (4AR-(4A.ALPHA.,9.ALPHA.,10A.BETA.))-

化学式: C20H26O4 (330.1831)
中文名称: 鼠尾草酚, 鼠尾草苦内脂
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Chinese Herbal Medicine(otcml) 58.71%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC(C)C1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C3CC4C2(CCCC4(C)C)C(=O)O3)O)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C20H26O4/c1-10(2)11-8-12-13-9-14-19(3,4)6-5-7-20(14,18(23)24-13)15(12)17(22)16(11)21/h8,10,13-14,21-22H,5-7,9H2,1-4H3/t13-,14-,20+/m0/s1

描述信息

Carnosol is a naturally occurring phenolic diterpene found in rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis, Labiatae). It has been known that an extract of rosemary leaves contains high antioxidative activity. Ninety percent of this antioxidative activity can be attributed to carnosol and carnosic acid. Carnosic acid is easily converted to carnosol by oxidation. Carnosol has multiple beneficial medicinal effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-cancer activities in various disease models. Carnosol may possess important neuroprotective effects against rotenone-induced DA neuronal damage. Naturally occurring antioxidants reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, carnosol and carnosic acid promoted the synthesis of nerve growth factor in glial cells. Carnosol-mediated neuroprotection in DA neurons is involved in the attenuation of caspase-3 activity, which was induced by rotenone. Furthermore, carnosol-mediated tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) increase, which is dependent on the Raf-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway, is responsible for the neuroprotection in SN4741 DA cells. (PMID: 17047462). Carnosol, a phenolic diterpene compound of the labiate herbs rosemary and sage, is an activator of the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), a ligand activated transcription factor, belonging to the metazoan family of nuclear hormone receptors. Activation of PPARgamma increases the transcription of enzymes involved in primary metabolism, leading to lower blood levels of fatty acids and glucose. Hence, PPARgamma represents the major target for the glitazone type of drugs currently being used clinically for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (PMID: 16858665).
Bitter principle in Salvia carnosa, Salvia officinalis (sage), Salvia triloba (Greek sage) and Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary). Nutriceutical with anticancer props.
Carnosol is a diterpenoid.
Carnosol is a natural product found in Podocarpus rumphii, Lepechinia salviae, and other organisms with data available.

同义名列表

18 个代谢物同义名

2H-9,4A-(EPOXYMETHANO)PHENANTHREN-12-ONE, 1,3,4,9,10,10A-HEXAHYDRO-5,6-DIHYDROXY-1,1-DIMETHYL-7-(1-METHYLETHYL)-, (4AR-(4A.ALPHA.,9.ALPHA.,10A.BETA.))-; 2H-9,4a-(Epoxymethano)phenanthren-12-one, 1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-, (4aR-(4aalpha,9alpha,10abeta))-; 2H-9,4A-(EPOXYMETHANO)PHENANTHREN-12-ONE, 1,3,4,9,10,10A-HEXAHYDRO-5,6-DIHYDROXY-1,1-DIMETHYL-7-(1-METHYLETHYL)-, (4AR,9S,10AS)-; (1R,8S,10S)-3,4-dihydroxy-11,11-dimethyl-5-(propan-2-yl)-16-oxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0^{1,10}.0^{2,7}]hexadeca-2,4,6-trien-15-one; (4aR,9S,10aS)-5,6-Dihydroxy-7-isopropyl-1,1-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-1H-9,4a-(epoxymethano)phenanthren-12-one; (1R,8S,10S)-3,4-dihydroxy-11,11-dimethyl-5-(propan-2-yl)-16-oxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0¹,¹⁰.0²,⁷]hexadeca-2,4,6-trien-15-one; (1R,8S,10S)-3,4-dihydroxy-11,11-dimethyl-5-propan-2-yl-16-oxatetracyclo[6.6.2.01,10.02,7]hexadeca-2,4,6-trien-15-one; (1R,8S,10S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-isopropyl-11,11-dimethyl-16-oxatetracyclo[6.6.2.0¹,¹⁰.0²,⁷]hexadeca-2,4,6-trien-15-one; 1,3,4,9,10,10aS-Hexahydro-5,6-dihydroxy-1,1-dimethyl-7-isopropyl-2H-9S,4aR-(epoxymethano)phenanthren-12-one; PODOCARPA-8,11,13-TRIEN-17-OIC ACID, 7.BETA.,11,12-TRIHYDROXY-13-ISOPROPYL-, 17,7-LACTONE; CARNOSOL (CONSTITUENT OF ROSEMARY) [DSC]; Carnosol, analytical standard; CARNOSOL [HSDB]; CARNOSOL [MI]; Picrosalvin; Carnosol; MEGxp0_001119; Carnosol



数据库引用编号

22 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

77 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 13 BCL2, CASP3, CAT, HPGDS, KEAP1, MAPK14, MAPK8, MTOR, NFE2L2, NOS2, PRKAA2, PTGS2, STAT3
Peripheral membrane protein 4 CYP1B1, GORASP1, MTOR, PTGS2
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 5 BCL2, CYP1B1, HMOX1, MTOR, PTGS2
Nucleus 12 BCL2, CASP3, HMOX1, KEAP1, MAPK14, MAPK8, MPO, MTOR, NFE2L2, NOS2, PRKAA2, STAT3
cytosol 13 BCL2, CASP3, CAT, HMOX1, HPGDS, KEAP1, MAPK14, MAPK8, MTOR, NFE2L2, NOS2, PRKAA2, STAT3
dendrite 2 MTOR, PRKAA2
phagocytic vesicle 1 MTOR
centrosome 1 NFE2L2
nucleoplasm 12 CASP3, HMOX1, HPGDS, KEAP1, MAPK14, MAPK8, MPO, MTOR, NFE2L2, NOS2, PRKAA2, STAT3
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex 2 NFE2L2, STAT3
Cell membrane 1 TNF
Cytoplasmic side 3 GORASP1, HMOX1, MTOR
Golgi apparatus membrane 2 GORASP1, MTOR
Synapse 1 MAPK8
cell surface 1 TNF
glutamatergic synapse 2 CASP3, MAPK14
Golgi apparatus 3 GORASP1, NFE2L2, PRKAA2
Golgi membrane 3 GORASP1, INS, MTOR
lysosomal membrane 1 MTOR
neuronal cell body 3 CASP3, PRKAA2, TNF
Cytoplasm, cytosol 2 NFE2L2, NOS2
Lysosome 2 MPO, MTOR
plasma membrane 4 NFE2L2, NOS2, STAT3, TNF
Membrane 6 BCL2, CAT, CYP1B1, HMOX1, MTOR, PRKAA2
axon 2 MAPK8, PRKAA2
caveola 1 PTGS2
extracellular exosome 2 CAT, MPO
Lysosome membrane 1 MTOR
endoplasmic reticulum 4 BCL2, HMOX1, KEAP1, PTGS2
extracellular space 5 HMOX1, IL6, INS, MPO, TNF
perinuclear region of cytoplasm 2 HMOX1, NOS2
mitochondrion 4 BCL2, CAT, CYP1B1, MAPK14
protein-containing complex 3 BCL2, CAT, PTGS2
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 4 CAT, CYP1B1, HPGDS, MPO
Microsome membrane 3 CYP1B1, MTOR, PTGS2
postsynaptic density 1 CASP3
TORC1 complex 1 MTOR
TORC2 complex 1 MTOR
Secreted 2 IL6, INS
extracellular region 6 CAT, IL6, INS, MAPK14, MPO, TNF
Mitochondrion outer membrane 2 BCL2, MTOR
Single-pass membrane protein 1 BCL2
mitochondrial outer membrane 3 BCL2, HMOX1, MTOR
mitochondrial matrix 1 CAT
transcription regulator complex 1 STAT3
centriolar satellite 1 KEAP1
Nucleus membrane 1 BCL2
Bcl-2 family protein complex 1 BCL2
nuclear membrane 1 BCL2
external side of plasma membrane 1 TNF
midbody 1 KEAP1
Cytoplasm, P-body 1 NOS2
P-body 1 NOS2
recycling endosome 1 TNF
Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 TNF
Cytoplasm, perinuclear region 1 NOS2
Membrane raft 1 TNF
pore complex 1 BCL2
focal adhesion 1 CAT
cis-Golgi network 1 GORASP1
Peroxisome 2 CAT, NOS2
Peroxisome matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal matrix 2 CAT, NOS2
peroxisomal membrane 1 CAT
Nucleus, PML body 1 MTOR
PML body 1 MTOR
secretory granule 1 MPO
nuclear speck 2 MAPK14, PRKAA2
Nucleus inner membrane 1 PTGS2
Nucleus outer membrane 1 PTGS2
nuclear inner membrane 1 PTGS2
nuclear outer membrane 1 PTGS2
neuron projection 1 PTGS2
chromatin 2 NFE2L2, STAT3
mediator complex 1 NFE2L2
phagocytic cup 1 TNF
spindle pole 1 MAPK14
actin filament 1 KEAP1
Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex 1 KEAP1
nuclear envelope 1 MTOR
Endomembrane system 1 MTOR
endosome lumen 1 INS
cytoplasmic stress granule 1 PRKAA2
myelin sheath 1 BCL2
azurophil granule 1 MPO
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen 2 CAT, MAPK14
secretory granule lumen 3 CAT, INS, MAPK14
Golgi lumen 1 INS
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 3 IL6, INS, PTGS2
transport vesicle 1 INS
azurophil granule lumen 1 MPO
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane 2 GORASP1, INS
Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network membrane 1 GORASP1
Single-pass type IV membrane protein 1 HMOX1
phagocytic vesicle lumen 1 MPO
protein-DNA complex 1 NFE2L2
basal dendrite 1 MAPK8
death-inducing signaling complex 1 CASP3
nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex 1 PRKAA2
Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome 1 MTOR
[Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted 1 TNF
cortical cytoskeleton 1 NOS2
catalase complex 1 CAT
inclusion body 1 KEAP1
interleukin-6 receptor complex 1 IL6
BAD-BCL-2 complex 1 BCL2
[C-domain 2]: Secreted 1 TNF
[Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane 1 TNF
[C-domain 1]: Secreted 1 TNF


文献列表

  • Xingbing Li, Shuo Wang, Minghao Luo, Ming Wang, Shaoping Wu, Chang Liu, Fengxian Wang, Yong Li. Carnosol alleviates sepsis-induced pulmonary endothelial barrier dysfunction by targeting nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2/sirtuin-3 signaling pathway to attenuate oxidative damage. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2024 May; 38(5):2182-2197. doi: 10.1002/ptr.8138. [PMID: 38414287]
  • Hayate Higashino, Asuka Karatsu, Toshiya Masuda. Catalytic Antioxidant Activity of Two Diterpenoid Polyphenols of Rosemary, Carnosol, and Isorosmanol, against Lipid Oxidation in the Presence of Cysteine Thiol. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2024 Jan; 72(4):2193-2201. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08248. [PMID: 38254316]
  • Panagiotis Kallimanis, Prokopios Magiatis, Angeliki Panagiotopoulou, Kostas Ioannidis, Ioanna Chinou. Extraction Optimization and Qualitative/Quantitative Determination of Bioactive Abietane-Type Diterpenes from Three Salvia Species (Common Sage, Greek Sage and Rosemary) by 1H-qNMR. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2024 Jan; 29(3):. doi: 10.3390/molecules29030625. [PMID: 38338370]
  • Xiaojuan Pan, Gang Zhang, Kun Wei, Xiaofan Gu, Jiahuan Dan, Yun Zhao, Xuan Liu, Chunru Cheng, Xiongwen Zhang. Carnosol analogue WK-63 alleviated cancer cachexia by inhibiting NF-κB and activating AKT pathways in muscle while inhibiting NF-κB and AMPK pathways in adipocyte. Toxicology and applied pharmacology. 2023 Nov; 479(?):116729. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116729. [PMID: 37863360]
  • Agnieszka M Hrebień-Filisińska, Grzegorz Tokarczyk. The Use of Ultrasound-Assisted Maceration for the Extraction of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol from Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Directly into Fish Oil. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2023 Aug; 28(16):. doi: 10.3390/molecules28166094. [PMID: 37630345]
  • Antonio Raffo, Irene Baiamonte, Laura De Benedetti, Elisabetta Lupotto, Ilaria Marchioni, Nicoletta Nardo, Claudio Cervelli. Exploring volatile aroma and non-volatile bioactive compounds diversity in wild populations of rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Schleid.). Food chemistry. 2023 Mar; 404(Pt A):134532. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134532. [PMID: 36242966]
  • Rui Ji, Fangyuan Jia, Xin Chen, Yue Gao, Jing Yang. Carnosol inhibits KGN cells oxidative stress and apoptosis and attenuates polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes in mice through Keap1-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 activation. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2023 Feb; ?(?):. doi: 10.1002/ptr.7749. [PMID: 36786429]
  • Nemesio Villa-Ruano, Néstor Hernández-Silva, Jenaro Leocadio Varela-Caselis, Sergio Alberto-Ramirez-Garcia, Clemente Mosso-González. Controlled Production of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol in Cell Suspensions of Lepechinia meyenii Treated with Different Elicitors and Biosynthetic Precursors. Chemistry & biodiversity. 2023 Feb; 20(2):e202200733. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202200733. [PMID: 36562957]
  • Jun Chen, Nianzhe Sun, Fuhan Li, Haolin Li, Jiale Tian, Songguo Zheng, Li Zhang, Haidong Wang, Yang Luo. Carnosol Alleviates Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Inhibiting Th17-Mediated Immunity and Favoring Suppressive Activity of Regulatory T Cells. BioMed research international. 2023; 2023(?):1179973. doi: 10.1155/2023/1179973. [PMID: 37415927]
  • Ji-Xia Kuang, Qiang Shen, Rui-Qin Zhang, Qiao-Yu Fang, Xue Deng, Meng Fan, Chun-Ru Cheng, Xiong-Wen Zhang, Xuan Liu. Carnosol attenuated atrophy of C2C12 myotubes induced by tumour-derived exosomal miR-183-5p through inhibiting Smad3 pathway activation and keeping mitochondrial respiration. Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology. 2022 Dec; 131(6):500-513. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.13795. [PMID: 36150451]
  • Sylvia L Anderson, Faaria Fasih-Ahmad, Anthony J Evans, Berish Y Rubin. Carnosol, a diterpene present in rosemary, increases ELP1 levels in familial dysautonomia patient-derived cells and healthy adults: a possible therapy for FD. Human molecular genetics. 2022 10; 31(20):3521-3538. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddac133. [PMID: 35708500]
  • Longfei Yang, Yujie Sui, Lili Zhong, Tonghui Ma, Zhiming Ma, Xin Liu. Carnosol inhibits the growth and biofilm of Candida albicans. Journal de mycologie medicale. 2022 May; 32(2):101234. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2021.101234. [PMID: 34929524]
  • Lianchun Li, Zhenghong Pan, Desheng Ning, Yuxia Fu. Rosmanol and Carnosol Synergistically Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis through Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK Pathway. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2021 Dec; 27(1):. doi: 10.3390/molecules27010078. [PMID: 35011304]
  • Hadi Kalantar, Elahe Sadeghi, Farhad Abolnezhadian, Mehdi Goudarzi, Ali Asghar Hemmati, Zahra Basir, Mojtaba Kalantar. Carnosol attenuates bleomycin-induced lung damage via suppressing fibrosis, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats. Life sciences. 2021 Dec; 287(?):120059. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120059. [PMID: 34728227]
  • Yunfei Geng, Yue Wang, Ruimin Sun, Xiaohui Kang, Huanyu Zhao, Meiyang Zhu, Yu Sun, Yan Hu, Zhecheng Wang, Xiaofeng Tian, Yan Zhao, Jihong Yao. Carnosol alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis through targeting of PRDX3. Toxicology and applied pharmacology. 2021 12; 432(?):115758. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115758. [PMID: 34678374]
  • Sylvie Morel, Gérald Hugon, Manon Vitou, Marie Védère, Françoise Fons, Sylvie Rapior, Nathalie Saint, Gilles Carnac. A Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Rosemary Leaf Extract Identifies Carnosol as a Major Hypertrophy Inducer in Human Skeletal Muscle Cells. Nutrients. 2021 Nov; 13(12):. doi: 10.3390/nu13124190. [PMID: 34959741]
  • Bhaskar Vemu, Restituo Tocmo, Mirielle C Nauman, Stephanie A Flowers, Jacob P Veenstra, Jeremy J Johnson. Pharmacokinetic characterization of carnosol from rosemary (Salvia Rosmarinus) in male C57BL/6 mice and inhibition profile in human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Toxicology and applied pharmacology. 2021 11; 431(?):115729. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115729. [PMID: 34592323]
  • Shanshan Lu, Yiwei Li, Qiang Shen, Wanli Zhang, Xiaofan Gu, Mingliang Ma, Yiming Li, Liuqiang Zhang, Xuan Liu, Xiongwen Zhang. Carnosol and its analogues attenuate muscle atrophy and fat lipolysis induced by cancer cachexia. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle. 2021 06; 12(3):779-795. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12710. [PMID: 33951335]
  • Shun Hasei, Takeshi Yamamotoya, Yusuke Nakatsu, Yukino Ohata, Shota Itoga, Yuji Nonaka, Yasuka Matsunaga, Hideyuki Sakoda, Midori Fujishiro, Akifumi Kushiyama, Tomoichiro Asano. Carnosic Acid and Carnosol Activate AMPK, Suppress Expressions of Gluconeogenic and Lipogenic Genes, and Inhibit Proliferation of HepG2 Cells. International journal of molecular sciences. 2021 Apr; 22(8):. doi: 10.3390/ijms22084040. [PMID: 33919842]
  • Jacob P Veenstra, Bhaskar Vemu, Restituto Tocmo, Mirielle C Nauman, Jeremy J Johnson. Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol in Standardized Rosemary Extract and the Effect on the Disease Activity Index of DSS-Induced Colitis. Nutrients. 2021 Feb; 13(3):. doi: 10.3390/nu13030773. [PMID: 33673488]
  • Thibault Lefebvre, Emilie Destandau, Eric Lesellier. Sequential extraction of carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid and pigments (carotenoids and chlorophylls) from Rosemary by online supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography. Journal of chromatography. A. 2021 Feb; 1639(?):461709. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461709. [PMID: 33234291]
  • Zahra Sadeghi, Milena Masullo, Antonietta Cerulli, Filomena Nazzaro, Mahdi Moridi Farimani, Sonia Piacente. Terpenoid Constituents of Perovskia artemisioides Aerial Parts with Inhibitory Effects on Bacterial Biofilm Growth. Journal of natural products. 2021 01; 84(1):26-36. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00832. [PMID: 33378620]
  • Wei Shi, Guang Xu, Xiaoyan Zhan, Yuan Gao, Zhilei Wang, Shubin Fu, Nan Qin, Xiaorong Hou, Yongqiang Ai, Chunyu Wang, Tingting He, Hongbin Liu, Yuanyuan Chen, Yan Liu, Jiabo Wang, Ming Niu, Yuming Guo, Xiaohe Xiao, Zhaofang Bai. Carnosol inhibits inflammasome activation by directly targeting HSP90 to treat inflammasome-mediated diseases. Cell death & disease. 2020 04; 11(4):252. doi: 10.1038/s41419-020-2460-x. [PMID: 32312957]
  • María D Mira-Sánchez, Julián Castillo-Sánchez, Juana María Morillas-Ruiz. Comparative study of rosemary extracts and several synthetic and natural food antioxidants. Relevance of carnosic acid/carnosol ratio. Food chemistry. 2020 Mar; 309(?):125688. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125688. [PMID: 31732249]
  • Tian-Qi Bao, Yi Li, Cheng Qu, Zu-Guo Zheng, Hua Yang, Ping Li. Antidiabetic Effects and Mechanisms of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and its Phenolic Components. The American journal of Chinese medicine. 2020; 48(6):1353-1368. doi: 10.1142/s0192415x20500664. [PMID: 33016104]
  • Antonios Koutsoulas, Martina Čarnecká, Jiří Slanina, Jaroslav Tóth, Iva Slaninová. Characterization of Phenolic Compounds and Antiproliferative Effects of Salvia pomifera and Salvia fruticosa Extracts. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2019 Aug; 24(16):. doi: 10.3390/molecules24162921. [PMID: 31408993]
  • In Jun Yeo, Ju Ho Park, Jun Sung Jang, Do Yeon Lee, Jung Eun Park, Ye Eun Choi, Jung Hun Joo, Joo Kyung Song, Hyung Ok Jeon, Jin Tae Hong. Inhibitory effect of Carnosol on UVB-induced inflammation via inhibition of STAT3. Archives of pharmacal research. 2019 Mar; 42(3):274-283. doi: 10.1007/s12272-018-1088-1. [PMID: 30430364]
  • Nicole K Campbell, Hannah K Fitzgerald, Jean M Fletcher, Aisling Dunne. Plant-Derived Polyphenols Modulate Human Dendritic Cell Metabolism and Immune Function via AMPK-Dependent Induction of Heme Oxygenase-1. Frontiers in immunology. 2019; 10(?):345. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00345. [PMID: 30881359]
  • Yi Zheng, Yong Zhang, Yichun Zheng, Nan Zhang. Carnosol protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Experimental animals. 2018 Nov; 67(4):545-553. doi: 10.1538/expanim.18-0067. [PMID: 30068825]
  • Xujian Qiu, Charlotte Jacobsen, Ann-Dorit Moltke Sørensen. The effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extract on the oxidative stability of lipids in cow and soy milk enriched with fish oil. Food chemistry. 2018 Oct; 263(?):119-126. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.04.106. [PMID: 29784296]
  • Nicole K Campbell, Hannah K Fitzgerald, Anna Malara, Roisin Hambly, Cheryl M Sweeney, Brian Kirby, Jean M Fletcher, Aisling Dunne. Naturally derived Heme-Oxygenase 1 inducers attenuate inflammatory responses in human dendritic cells and T cells: relevance for psoriasis treatment. Scientific reports. 2018 07; 8(1):10287. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28488-6. [PMID: 29980703]
  • Haroon Khan, Kannan R R Rengasamy, Aini Pervaiz, Seyed Mohammad Nabavi, Atanas G Atanasov, Mohammad A Kamal. Plant-derived mPGES-1 inhibitors or suppressors: A new emerging trend in the search for small molecules to combat inflammation. European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2018 Jun; 153(?):2-28. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.059. [PMID: 29329790]
  • Filip Vlavcheski, David Baron, Ioannis A Vlachogiannis, Rebecca E K MacPherson, Evangelia Tsiani. Carnosol Increases Skeletal Muscle Cell Glucose Uptake via AMPK-Dependent GLUT4 Glucose Transporter Translocation. International journal of molecular sciences. 2018 Apr; 19(5):. doi: 10.3390/ijms19051321. [PMID: 29710819]
  • Cathy Su, Jeffrey P Gius, Julia Van Steenberg, Alexis H Haskins, Kazuki Heishima, Chisato Omata, Masahiro Iwayama, Mami Murakami, Takashi Mori, Kohji Maruo, Takamitsu A Kato. Hypersensitivity of BRCA2 deficient cells to rosemary extract explained by weak PARP inhibitory activity. Scientific reports. 2017 12; 7(1):16704. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16795-3. [PMID: 29196727]
  • Margot Loussouarn, Anja Krieger-Liszkay, Ljubica Svilar, Antoine Bily, Simona Birtić, Michel Havaux. Carnosic Acid and Carnosol, Two Major Antioxidants of Rosemary, Act through Different Mechanisms. Plant physiology. 2017 Nov; 175(3):1381-1394. doi: 10.1104/pp.17.01183. [PMID: 28916593]
  • Radhakrishnan Srivedavyasasri, Taylor Hayes, Samir A Ross. Phytochemical and biological evaluation of Salvia apiana. Natural product research. 2017 Sep; 31(17):2058-2061. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1269096. [PMID: 28025900]
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