NCBI Taxonomy: 74632
Rosa gallica (ncbi_taxid: 74632)
found 157 associated metabolites at species taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Rosa
Child Taxonomies: none taxonomy data.
Quinic acid
Quinic acid, also known as quinate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as quinic acids and derivatives. Quinic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a quinic acid moiety (or a derivative thereof), which is a cyclitol made up of a cyclohexane ring that bears four hydroxyl groups at positions 1,3, 4, and 5, as well as a carboxylic acid at position 1. Quinic acid is a sugar acid. It is also a cyclitol, or cyclic polyol. More specifically, quinic acid is a crystalline acid obtained from cinchona bark, coffee beans, tobacco leaves, carrot leaves, apples, peaches, pears, plums, vegetables, etc. Quinic acid can also be made synthetically by hydrolysis of chlorogenic acid. Quinic acid is implicated in the perceived acidity of coffee. (-)-quinic acid is the (-)-enantiomer of quinic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a (-)-quinate. It is an enantiomer of a (+)-quinic acid. Quinate is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Quinic acid is a natural product found in Gamblea innovans, Pterocaulon virgatum, and other organisms with data available. An acid which is found in cinchona bark and elsewhere in plants. (From Stedman, 26th ed) Quinic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=36413-60-2 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 36413-60-2). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). D-(-)-Quinic acid is a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid and is implicated in the perceived acidity of coffee. D-(-)-Quinic acid is a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid and is implicated in the perceived acidity of coffee.
Isoquercitrin
Quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside is a quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, a plant metabolite, a bone density conservation agent, an osteogenesis regulator, an antioxidant, a histamine antagonist, an antipruritic drug and a geroprotector. It is a quercetin O-glucoside, a tetrahydroxyflavone, a beta-D-glucoside and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a beta-D-glucose. It is a conjugate acid of a quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside(1-). Isoquercetin has been used in trials studying the treatment of Kidney Cancer, Renal cell carcinoma, Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma, Thromboembolism of Vein in Pancreatic Cancer, and Thromboembolism of Vein VTE in Colorectal Cancer, among others. Isoquercitrin is a natural product found in Ficus auriculata, Lotus ucrainicus, and other organisms with data available. Isoquercetin is an orally bioavailable, glucoside derivative of the flavonoid quercetin and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) inhibitor, with antioxidant and potential antithrombotic activity. As an antioxidant, isoquercetin scavenges free radicals and inhibits oxidative damage to cells. As a PDI inhibitor, this agent blocks PDI-mediated platelet activation, and fibrin generation, which prevents thrombus formation after vascular injury. In addition, isoquercetin is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. PDI, an oxidoreductase secreted by activated endothelial cells and platelets, plays a key role in the initiation of the coagulation cascade. Cancer, in addition to other thrombotic disorders, increases the risk of thrombus formation. Isoquercitrin is found in alcoholic beverages. Isoquercitrin occurs widely in plants. Isoquercitrin is present in red wine.Isoquercitin can be isolated from mangoes and from Rheum nobile, the Noble rhubarb or Sikkim rhubarb, a giant herbaceous plant native to the Himalaya. Quercetin glycosides are also present in tea. (Wikipedia A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 3. Isolated from Lepisorus contortus, it exhibits antineoplastic activityand has been found to decrease the rate of polymerization and sickling of red blood cells [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_pos_10eV_CB000025.txt [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_pos_30eV_CB000025.txt [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_pos_50eV_CB000025.txt [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_pos_40eV_CB000025.txt [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_pos_20eV_CB000025.txt [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_neg_40eV_000017.txt [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_neg_20eV_000017.txt [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_neg_50eV_000017.txt [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_neg_30eV_000017.txt [Raw Data] CB053_Isoquercitrin_neg_10eV_000017.txt Quercetin 3-glucoside. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=482-35-9 (retrieved 2024-07-09) (CAS RN: 482-35-9). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Isoquercetin (Quercetin 3-glucoside) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Isoquercetin alleviates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses via the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant signaling pathway[1]. Isoquercetin regulates the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NO2) via modulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription regulation system. Isoquercetin has high bioavailability and low toxicity, is a promising candidate agent to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies[2]. Isoquercetin (Quercetin 3-glucoside) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Isoquercetin alleviates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses via the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant signaling pathway[1]. Isoquercetin regulates the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NO2) via modulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription regulation system. Isoquercetin has high bioavailability and low toxicity, is a promising candidate agent to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies[2]. Isoquercitrin (Isoquercitroside) is an effective antioxidant and an eosinophilic inflammation suppressor. Isoquercitrin (Isoquercitroside) is an effective antioxidant and an eosinophilic inflammation suppressor.
Cinnamaldehyde
(E)-cinnamaldehyde is the E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes. It has a role as a hypoglycemic agent, an EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor, a vasodilator agent, an antifungal agent, a flavouring agent, a plant metabolite and a sensitiser. It is a 3-phenylprop-2-enal and a member of cinnamaldehydes. Cinnamaldehyde is a naturally occurring flavonoid that gives the spice cinnamon its flavour and odour. It occurs naturally in the bark of cinnamon trees and other species of the genus Cinnamomum such as camphor and cassia. Sensitivity to cinnamaldehyde may be identified with a clinical patch test. Cinnamaldehyde is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. The physiologic effect of cinnamaldehyde is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity. Cinnamaldehyde is a natural product found in Chaerophyllum bulbosum, Cinnamomum sieboldii, and other organisms with data available. Cinnamaldehyde is the aldehyde that gives cinnamon its flavor and odor. Cinnamaldehyde occurs naturally in the bark of cinnamon trees and other species of the genus Cinnamomum like camphor and cassia. These trees are the natural source of cinnamon, and the essential oil of cinnamon bark is about 90\\\\% cinnamaldehyde. Cinnamaldehyde is also used as a fungicide. Proven effective on over 40 different crops, cinnamaldehyde is typically applied to the root systems of plants. Its low toxicity and well-known properties make it ideal for agriculture. To a lesser extent, cinnamaldehyde is an effective insecticide, and its scent is also known to repel animals like cats and dogs. Cinnamaldehyde is also known as a corrosion inhibitor for steel and other ferrous alloys in corrosive fluids. It can be used in combination with additional components such as dispersing agents, solvents and other surfactants. Concentrated cinnamaldehyde is a skin irritant, and the chemical is toxic in large doses, but no agencies suspect the compound is a carcinogen or poses a long-term health hazard. Most cinnamaldehyde is excreted in urine as cinnamic acid, an oxidized form of cinnamaldehyde. Cinnamaldehyde is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cinnamaldehyde, also known as (E)-3-phenyl-2-propenal or 3-phenylacrylaldehyde, is a member of the class of compounds known as cinnamaldehydes. Cinnamaldehydes are organic aromatic compounds containing a cinnamlaldehyde moiety, consisting of a benzene and an aldehyde group to form 3-phenylprop-2-enal. Cinnamaldehyde is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Cinnamaldehyde is a sweet, candy, and cinnamon tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as sour cherry, rubus (blackberry, raspberry), horseradish, and sea-buckthornberry, which makes cinnamaldehyde a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Cinnamaldehyde can be found primarily in feces, as well as in human neuron and skin tissues. Cinnamaldehyde exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Cinnamaldehyde is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Cinnamaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CH=CHCHO. Occurring naturally as predominantly the trans (E) isomer, it gives cinnamon its flavor and odor. It is a flavonoid that is naturally synthesized by the shikimate pathway. This pale yellow, viscous liquid occurs in the bark of cinnamon trees and other species of the genus Cinnamomum. The essential oil of cinnamon bark is about 50\\\\% cinnamaldehyde . The specific symptoms that can result from cinnamic aldehyde allergy can vary considerably amongst patients from a severe anaphylactic reaction to asthma, abdominal symptoms, eczema or headaches (L2140) (T3DB). Cinnamaldehyde is the aldehyde that gives cinnamon its flavor and odor. Cinnamaldehyde occurs naturally in the bark of cinnamon trees and other species of the genus Cinnamomum like camphor and cassia. These trees are the natural source of cinnamon, and the essential oil of cinnamon bark is about 90\\\\% cinnamaldehyde. Cinnamaldehyde is also used as a fungicide. Proven effective on over 40 different crops, cinnamaldehyde is typically applied to the root systems of plants. Its low toxicity and well-known properties make it ideal for agriculture. To a lesser extent, cinnamaldehyde is an effective insecticide, and its scent is also known to repel animals like cats and dogs. Cinnamaldehyde is also known as a corrosion inhibitor for steel and other ferrous alloys in corrosive fluids. It can be used in combination with additional components such as dispersing agents, solvents and other surfactants. Concentrated cinnamaldehyde is a skin irritant, and the chemical is toxic in large doses, but no agencies suspect the compound is a carcinogen or poses a long-term health hazard. Most cinnamaldehyde is excreted in urine as cinnamic acid, an oxidized form of cinnamaldehyde. D020011 - Protective Agents > D016587 - Antimutagenic Agents D000074385 - Food Ingredients > D005503 - Food Additives D010592 - Pharmaceutic Aids > D005421 - Flavoring Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. trans-Cinnamaldehyde can be used to prepare highly polyfunctionalized furan ring by reaction of alkyl isocyanides with dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate[1]. trans-Cinnamaldehyde can be used to synthesize trans-cinnamaldehyde -β-cyclodextrin complex, an antimicrobial edible coating that increases the shelf life of fresh-cut fruits[2]. trans-Cinnamaldehyde can be used to prepare highly polyfunctionalized furan ring by reaction of alkyl isocyanides with dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate[1]. trans-Cinnamaldehyde can be used to synthesize trans-cinnamaldehyde -β-cyclodextrin complex, an antimicrobial edible coating that increases the shelf life of fresh-cut fruits[2].
Kaempferol
Kaempferol is a tetrahydroxyflavone in which the four hydroxy groups are located at positions 3, 5, 7 and 4. Acting as an antioxidant by reducing oxidative stress, it is currently under consideration as a possible cancer treatment. It has a role as an antibacterial agent, a plant metabolite, a human xenobiotic metabolite, a human urinary metabolite, a human blood serum metabolite and a geroprotector. It is a member of flavonols, a 7-hydroxyflavonol and a tetrahydroxyflavone. It is a conjugate acid of a kaempferol oxoanion. Kaempferol is a natural product found in Lotus ucrainicus, Visnea mocanera, and other organisms with data available. Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid which has been isolated from Delphinium, Witch-hazel, grapefruit, and other plant sources. Kaempferol is a yellow crystalline solid with a melting point of 276-278 degree centigrade. It is slightly soluble in water, and well soluble in hot ethanol and diethyl ether. Kaempferol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. See also: Cannabis sativa subsp. indica top (part of); Tussilago farfara flower (part of). Kaempferol, also known as rhamnolutein or c.i. 75640, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavonols. Flavonols are compounds that contain a flavone (2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-4-one) backbone carrying a hydroxyl group at the 3-position. Thus, kaempferol is considered to be a flavonoid molecule. A tetrahydroxyflavone in which the four hydroxy groups are located at positions 3, 5, 7 and 4. Kaempferol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Kaempferol exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Kaempferol is a bitter tasting compound. Kaempferol is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as saffrons, capers, and cumins and in a lower concentration in lovages, endives, and cloves. Kaempferol has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as shallots, pine nuts, feijoa, kombus, and chicory leaves. This could make kaempferol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Kaempferol is a potentially toxic compound. Very widespread in the plant world, e.g. in Brassicaceae, Apocynaceae, Dilleniaceae, Ranunculaceae, Leguminosae, etc. Found especies in broccoli, capers, chives, kale, garden cress, fennel, lovage, dill weed and tarragon [CCD] A tetrahydroxyflavone in which the four hydroxy groups are located at positions 3, 5, 7 and 4. Acting as an antioxidant by reducing oxidative stress, it is currently under consideration as a possible cancer treatment. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 898; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX500; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3906; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3905 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 898; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX500; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3916; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3915 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 898; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX500; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3928; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3927 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 898; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4291; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4290 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 898; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX500; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3918; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3917 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 898; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX500; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3915; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3914 Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. INTERNAL_ID 2358; CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2358 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 47 CONFIDENCE standard compound; ML_ID 45 Kaempferol (Kempferol), a flavonoid found in many edible plants, inhibits estrogen receptor α expression in breast cancer cells and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells and lung cancer cells by activation of MEK-MAPK. Kaempferol can be uesd for the research of breast cancer[1][2][3][4]. Kaempferol (Kempferol), a flavonoid found in many edible plants, inhibits estrogen receptor α expression in breast cancer cells and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells and lung cancer cells by activation of MEK-MAPK. Kaempferol can be uesd for the research of breast cancer[1][2][3][4].
L-Glutamic acid
Glutamic acid (Glu), also known as L-glutamic acid or as glutamate, the name of its anion, is an alpha-amino acid. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). Amino acids are organic compounds that contain amino (‚ÄìNH2) and carboxyl (‚ÄìCOOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid. L-glutamic acid is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the amino acids used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Glutamic acid is found in all organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. It is classified as an acidic, charged (at physiological pH), aliphatic amino acid. In humans it is a non-essential amino acid and can be synthesized via alanine or aspartic acid via alpha-ketoglutarate and the action of various transaminases. Glutamate also plays an important role in the bodys disposal of excess or waste nitrogen. Glutamate undergoes deamination, an oxidative reaction catalysed by glutamate dehydrogenase leading to alpha-ketoglutarate. In many respects glutamate is a key molecule in cellular metabolism. Glutamate is the most abundant fast excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system. At chemical synapses, glutamate is stored in vesicles. Nerve impulses trigger release of glutamate from the pre-synaptic cell. In the opposing post-synaptic cell, glutamate receptors, such as the NMDA receptor, bind glutamate and are activated. Because of its role in synaptic plasticity, it is believed that glutamic acid is involved in cognitive functions like learning and memory in the brain. Glutamate transporters are found in neuronal and glial membranes. They rapidly remove glutamate from the extracellular space. In brain injury or disease, they can work in reverse and excess glutamate can accumulate outside cells. This process causes calcium ions to enter cells via NMDA receptor channels, leading to neuronal damage and eventual cell death, and is called excitotoxicity. The mechanisms of cell death include: Damage to mitochondria from excessively high intracellular Ca2+. Glu/Ca2+-mediated promotion of transcription factors for pro-apoptotic genes, or downregulation of transcription factors for anti-apoptotic genes. Excitotoxicity due to glutamate occurs as part of the ischemic cascade and is associated with stroke and diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, lathyrism, and Alzheimers disease. Glutamic acid has been implicated in epileptic seizures. Microinjection of glutamic acid into neurons produces spontaneous depolarization around one second apart, and this firing pattern is similar to what is known as paroxysmal depolarizing shift in epileptic attacks. This change in the resting membrane potential at seizure foci could cause spontaneous opening of voltage activated calcium channels, leading to glutamic acid release and further depolarization (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid). Glutamate was discovered in 1866 when it was extracted from wheat gluten (from where it got its name. Glutamate has an important role as a food additive and food flavoring agent. In 1908, Japanese researcher Kikunae Ikeda identified brown crystals left behind after the evaporation of a large amount of kombu broth (a Japanese soup) as glutamic acid. These crystals, when tasted, reproduced a salty, savory flavor detected in many foods, most especially in seaweed. Professor Ikeda termed this flavor umami. He then patented a method of mass-producing a crystalline salt of glutamic acid, monosodium glutamate. L-glutamic acid is an optically active form of glutamic acid having L-configuration. It has a role as a nutraceutical, a micronutrient, an Escherichia coli metabolite, a mouse metabolite, a ferroptosis inducer and a neurotransmitter. It is a glutamine family amino acid, a proteinogenic amino acid, a glutamic acid and a L-alpha-amino acid. It is a conjugate acid of a L-glutamate(1-). It is an enantiomer of a D-glutamic acid. A peptide that is a homopolymer of glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Glutamic acid (Glu), also referred to as glutamate (the anion), is one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids. It is not among the essential amino acids. Glutamate is a key molecule in cellular metabolism. In humans, dietary proteins are broken down by digestion into amino acids, which serves as metabolic fuel or other functional roles in the body. Glutamate is the most abundant fast excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system. At chemical synapses, glutamate is stored in vesicles. Nerve impulses trigger release of glutamate from the pre-synaptic cell. In the opposing post-synaptic cell, glutamate receptors, such as the NMDA receptor, bind glutamate and are activated. Because of its role in synaptic plasticity, it is believed that glutamic acid is involved in cognitive functions like learning and memory in the brain. Glutamate transporters are found in neuronal and glial membranes. They rapidly remove glutamate from the extracellular space. In brain injury or disease, they can work in reverse and excess glutamate can accumulate outside cells. This process causes calcium ions to enter cells via NMDA receptor channels, leading to neuronal damage and eventual cell death, and is called excitotoxicity. The mechanisms of cell death include: * Damage to mitochondria from excessively high intracellular Ca2+. * Glu/Ca2+-mediated promotion of transcription factors for pro-apoptotic genes, or downregulation of transcription factors for anti-apoptotic genes. Excitotoxicity due to glutamate occurs as part of the ischemic cascade and is associated with stroke and diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, lathyrism, and Alzheimers disease. glutamic acid has been implicated in epileptic seizures. Microinjection of glutamic acid into neurons produces spontaneous depolarization around one second apart, and this firing pattern is similar to what is known as paroxysmal depolarizing shift in epileptic attacks. This change in the resting membrane potential at seizure foci could cause spontaneous opening of voltage activated calcium channels, leading to glutamic acid release and further depolarization. A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. See also: Monosodium Glutamate (active moiety of); Glatiramer Acetate (monomer of); Glatiramer (monomer of) ... View More ... obtained from acid hydrolysis of proteins. Since 1965 the industrial source of glutamic acid for MSG production has been bacterial fermentation of carbohydrate sources such as molasses and corn starch hydrolysate in the presence of a nitrogen source such as ammonium salts or urea. Annual production approx. 350000t worldwide in 1988. Seasoning additive in food manuf. (as Na, K and NH4 salts). Dietary supplement, nutrient Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E;[4] the anionic form is known as glutamate) is an α-amino acid that is used by almost all living beings in the biosynthesis of proteins. It is a non-essential nutrient for humans, meaning that the human body can synthesize enough for its use. It is also the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate nervous system. It serves as the precursor for the synthesis of the inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in GABAergic neurons. Its molecular formula is C 5H 9NO 4. Glutamic acid exists in two optically isomeric forms; the dextrorotatory l-form is usually obtained by hydrolysis of gluten or from the waste waters of beet-sugar manufacture or by fermentation.[5][full citation needed] Its molecular structure could be idealized as HOOC−CH(NH 2)−(CH 2)2−COOH, with two carboxyl groups −COOH and one amino group −NH 2. However, in the solid state and mildly acidic water solutions, the molecule assumes an electrically neutral zwitterion structure −OOC−CH(NH+ 3)−(CH 2)2−COOH. It is encoded by the codons GAA or GAG. The acid can lose one proton from its second carboxyl group to form the conjugate base, the singly-negative anion glutamate −OOC−CH(NH+ 3)−(CH 2)2−COO−. This form of the compound is prevalent in neutral solutions. The glutamate neurotransmitter plays the principal role in neural activation.[6] This anion creates the savory umami flavor of foods and is found in glutamate flavorings such as MSG. In Europe, it is classified as food additive E620. In highly alkaline solutions the doubly negative anion −OOC−CH(NH 2)−(CH 2)2−COO− prevails. The radical corresponding to glutamate is called glutamyl. The one-letter symbol E for glutamate was assigned in alphabetical sequence to D for aspartate, being larger by one methylene –CH2– group.[7] DL-Glutamic acid is the conjugate acid of Glutamic acid, which acts as a fundamental metabolite. Comparing with the second phase of polymorphs α and β L-Glutamic acid, DL-Glutamic acid presents better stability[1]. DL-Glutamic acid is the conjugate acid of Glutamic acid, which acts as a fundamental metabolite. Comparing with the second phase of polymorphs α and β L-Glutamic acid, DL-Glutamic acid presents better stability[1]. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals. L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases[1][2][3][4][5]. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.
Quercetin
Quercetin appears as yellow needles or yellow powder. Converts to anhydrous form at 203-207 °F. Alcoholic solutions taste very bitter. (NTP, 1992) Quercetin is a pentahydroxyflavone having the five hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3-, 4-, 5- and 7-positions. It is one of the most abundant flavonoids in edible vegetables, fruit and wine. It has a role as an antibacterial agent, an antioxidant, a protein kinase inhibitor, an antineoplastic agent, an EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor, a plant metabolite, a phytoestrogen, a radical scavenger, a chelator, an Aurora kinase inhibitor and a geroprotector. It is a pentahydroxyflavone and a 7-hydroxyflavonol. It is a conjugate acid of a quercetin-7-olate. Quercetin is a flavonol widely distributed in plants. It is an antioxidant, like many other phenolic heterocyclic compounds. Glycosylated forms include RUTIN and quercetrin. Quercetin is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Quercetin is a flavonoid found in many foods and herbs and is a regular component of a normal diet. Extracts of quercetin have been used to treat or prevent diverse conditions including cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, rheumatic diseases, infections and cancer but have not been shown to be effective in clinical trials for any medical condition. Quercetin as a nutritional supplement is well tolerated and has not been linked to serum enzyme elevations or to episodes of clinically apparent liver injury. Quercetin is a natural product found in Lotus ucrainicus, Visnea mocanera, and other organisms with data available. Quercetin is a polyphenolic flavonoid with potential chemopreventive activity. Quercetin, ubiquitous in plant food sources and a major bioflavonoid in the human diet, may produce antiproliferative effects resulting from the modulation of either EGFR or estrogen-receptor mediated signal transduction pathways. Although the mechanism of action of action is not fully known, the following effects have been described with this agent in vitro: decreased expression of mutant p53 protein and p21-ras oncogene, induction of cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and inhibition of heat shock protein synthesis. This compound also demonstrates synergy and reversal of the multidrug resistance phenotype, when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs, in vitro. Quercetin also produces anti-inflammatory and anti-allergy effects mediated through the inhibition of the lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways, thereby preventing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Quercetin is a flavonoid widely distributed in many plants and fruits including red grapes, citrus fruit, tomato, broccoli and other leafy green vegetables, and a number of berries, including raspberries and cranberries. Quercetin itself (aglycone quercetin), as opposed to quercetin glycosides, is not a normal dietary component. Quercitin glycosides are converted to phenolic acids as they pass through the gastrointestinal tract. Quercetin has neither been confirmed scientifically as a specific therapeutic for any condition nor been approved by any regulatory agency. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has not approved any health claims for quercetin. Nevertheless, the interest in dietary flavonoids has grown after the publication of several epidemiological studies showing an inverse correlation between dietary consumption of flavonols and flavones and reduced incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease and cancer. In recent years, a large amount of experimental and some clinical data have accumulated regarding the effects of flavonoids on the endothelium under physiological and pathological conditions. The meta-analysis of seven prospective cohort studies concluded that the individuals in the top third of dietary flavonol intake are associated with a reduced risk of mortality from coronary heart disease as compared with those in the bottom third, after adju... Quercetin is a flavonoid widely distributed in many plants and fruits including red grapes, citrus fruit, tomato, broccoli and other leafy green vegetables, and a number of berries, including raspberries and cranberries. Quercetin itself (aglycone quercetin), as opposed to quercetin glycosides, is not a normal dietary component. Quercetin glycosides are converted to phenolic acids as they pass through the gastrointestinal tract. Quercetin has neither been confirmed scientifically as a specific therapeutic for any condition nor been approved by any regulatory agency. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has not approved any health claims for quercetin. Nevertheless, the interest in dietary flavonoids has grown after the publication of several epidemiological studies showing an inverse correlation between dietary consumption of flavonols and flavones and reduced incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease and cancer. In recent years, a large amount of experimental and some clinical data have accumulated regarding the effects of flavonoids on the endothelium under physiological and pathological conditions. The meta-analysis of seven prospective cohort studies concluded that the individuals in the top third of dietary flavonol intake are associated with a reduced risk of mortality from coronary heart disease as compared with those in the bottom third, after adjustment for known risk factors and other dietary components. A limited number of intervention studies with flavonoids and flavonoid containing foods and extracts has been performed in several pathological conditions (PMID:17015250). Quercetin is isolated from many plants, especially fruits, such as Helichrysum, Euphorbia and Karwinskia spp. Present in the Solanaceae, Rhamnaceae, Passifloraceae and many other families. For example detected in almost all studied Umbelliferae. Nutriceutical with antiinflammatory props. and a positive influence on the blood lipid profile. Found in a wide variety of foods especially apples, bee pollen, blackcurrants, capers, cocoa, cranberries, dock leaves, elderberries, fennel, lovage, red onions, ancho peppers, dill weed and tarragon. A pentahydroxyflavone having the five hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3-, 4-, 5- and 7-positions. It is one of the most abundant flavonoids in edible vegetables, fruit and wine. COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 298; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4014; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4012 INTERNAL_ID 298; CONFIDENCE standard compound; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4011; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4010 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 298; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4019; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4018 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 298; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4017; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4016 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 298; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4011; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4010 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 298; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4096; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4094 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 298; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX505; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4024; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4023 Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_pos_30eV_CB000041.txt IPB_RECORD: 1761; CONFIDENCE confident structure [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_pos_10eV_CB000041.txt [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_pos_20eV_CB000041.txt [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_pos_40eV_CB000041.txt [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_pos_50eV_CB000041.txt IPB_RECORD: 161; CONFIDENCE confident structure [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_neg_40eV_000027.txt [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_neg_50eV_000027.txt [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_neg_20eV_000027.txt [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_neg_30eV_000027.txt [Raw Data] CB109_Quercetin_neg_10eV_000027.txt CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 124 CONFIDENCE standard compound; ML_ID 54 Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively[1]. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively[1].
3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol
3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol, also known simply as linalool is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol. It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyclic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. Linalool has a role as a plant metabolite, a volatile oil component, an antimicrobial agent and a fragrance. There are two stereoisomers of Linalool ‚Äö√Ñ√¨ (S)-linalool and (R)-linalool. Linalool is used as a scent in 60\\\\\% to 80\\\\\% of perfumed hygiene products and cleaning agents including soaps, detergents, shampoos, and lotions. Linalool is also used by pest professionals as a flea, fruit fly, and cockroach insecticide. Linalool is found in more than 200 different species of plants, including many flowers and spice plants. (S)-linalool is found, for example, as a major constituent of the essential oils of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), cymbopogon (Cymbopogon martini var. martinii), and sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) flowers. (R)-linalool is present in lavender (Lavandula officinalis), bay laurel (Laurus nobilis), and sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum), among others. Linalool is also found in plants from the Lamiaceae family (mint and other herbs), Lauraceae (laurels, cinnamon, rosewood), Cinnamomum tamala, Solidago Meyen, Artemisia vulgaris (mugwort), Humulus lupulus. Linalool is also one of several monoterpenes that are found in cannabis plants (PMID:6991645 ). There are more than 140 known terpenes in cannabis and the combination of these terepenoids produces the skunky, fruity odor characteristic of C. savita. Like the majority of monoterpenes, linalool starts with the condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) and isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) to form geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP) (PMID:7640522 ). Linalool is then synthesized with the aid of linalool synthase (LIS) (PMID:12572612 ). Linalool has a citrus, floral, rose, woody aroma and a citrus, orange, waxy taste. Linalool is found in a few different foods and spices, such as spearmints, corianders, common thymes, limes, grapes, lemons, grapefruit, oranges, pineapples, blackcurrants, basil, and common oregano. This could make, Linalool a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Linalool is also synthesized, de novo, by yeast (C. cerevisiae) and may contribute to the floral tones found in some wines (PMID:15668008 ). Linalool is a monoterpenoid that is octa-1,6-diene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 7 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from plants like Ocimum canum. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a volatile oil component, an antimicrobial agent and a fragrance. It is a tertiary alcohol and a monoterpenoid. Linalool is a natural product found in Nepeta nepetella, Teucrium montanum, and other organisms with data available. 3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. See also: Cinnamon Leaf Oil (part of); Clary Sage Oil (part of); Cannabis sativa subsp. indica top (part of) ... View More ... A monoterpenoid that is octa-1,6-diene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 7 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from plants like Ocimum canum. Flavouring agent. Widespread natural occurrence as the optically active and racemic forms in over 200 essential oilsand is) also present in numerous fruits. D010575 - Pesticides > D007306 - Insecticides D016573 - Agrochemicals Linalool is natural monoterpene in essential olis of coriander, acts as a competitive antagonist of Nmethyl d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, with anti-tumor, anti-cardiotoxicity activity[1].Linalool is a PPARα ligand that reduces plasma TG levels and rewires the hepatic transcriptome and plasma metabolome[2]. Linalool is a natural monoterpene which is a competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Linalool is orally active and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Linalool has anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anxiolytic, antidepressant, anti-stress, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and pulmonary protective activities[1][2][3][4][5]. Linalool is natural monoterpene in essential olis of coriander, acts as a competitive antagonist of Nmethyl d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, with anti-tumor, anti-cardiotoxicity activity[1].Linalool is a PPARα ligand that reduces plasma TG levels and rewires the hepatic transcriptome and plasma metabolome[2].
Menthol
D,l-menthol is a white crystalline solid with a peppermint odor and taste. (NTP, 1992) (-)-menthol is a p-menthan-3-ol which has (1R,2S,5R)-stereochemistry. It is the most common naturally occurring enantiomer. It has a role as an antipruritic drug, an antitussive and an antispasmodic drug. It is an enantiomer of a (+)-menthol. Menthol is a covalent organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or other mint oils. Forming clear or white waxy, crystalline substance, menthol is typically solid at room temperature. (-)-Menthol is the naturally-occurring and main form of menthol, and is assigned the (1R,2S,5R) configuration. Menthol mediates anesthetic properties and anti-irritating properties locally, thus it is widely used to relieve minor throat irritations. l-Menthol is a natural product found in Punica granatum, Mentha arvensis, and other organisms with data available. Levomenthol is a levo isomer of menthol, an organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or mint oils with flavoring and local anesthetic properties. When added to pharmaceuticals and foods, menthol functions as a fortifier for peppermint flavors. It also has a counterirritant effect on skin and mucous membranes, thereby producing a local analgesic or anesthetic effect. Menthol is an alcohol produced from mint oils or prepared synthetically. Menthol is a covalent organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or other mint oils. It is a waxy, crystalline substance, clear or white in color, which is solid at room temperature and melts slightly above. The main form of menthol occurring in nature is (-)-menthol, which is assigned the (1R,2S,5R) configuration. Menthol has local anesthetic and counterirritant qualities, and it is widely used to relieve minor throat irritation. Menthol is an alcohol produced from mint oils or prepared synthetically. Menthol is a covalent organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or other mint oils. It is a waxy, crystalline substance, clear or white in color, which is solid at room temperature and melts slightly above. The main form of menthol occurring in nature is (-)-menthol, which is assigned the (1R,2S,5R) configuration. Menthol has local anesthetic and counterirritant qualities, and it is widely used to relieve minor throat irritation. Present in large amts. in peppermint oil (Mentha piperita), also in other Mentha subspecies. It is used in confectionery and perfumery. Flavouring agent A p-menthan-3-ol which has (1R,2S,5R)-stereochemistry. It is the most common naturally occurring enantiomer. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics (-)-Menthol is a key component of peppermint oil that binds and activates transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, to increase [Ca2+]i[1]. Antitumor activity[1]. (-)-Menthol is a key component of peppermint oil that binds and activates transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, to increase [Ca2+]i[1]. Antitumor activity[1]. (-)-Menthol is a key component of peppermint oil that binds and activates transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, to increase [Ca2+]i[1]. Antitumor activity[1]. (-)-Menthol is a key component of peppermint oil that binds and activates transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, to increase [Ca2+]i[1]. Antitumor activity[1]. DL-Menthol is a relative configuration of (-)-Menthol. DL-Menthol relates to the activation of GABAA receptor[1]. DL-Menthol is a relative configuration of (-)-Menthol. DL-Menthol relates to the activation of GABAA receptor[1]. DL-Menthol is a relative configuration of (-)-Menthol. DL-Menthol relates to the activation of GABAA receptor[1]. Menthol is a natural analgesic compound. Menthol could cause a feeling of coolness due to stimulation of ‘cold’ receptors by inhibiting Ca++ currents of neuronal membranes[1]. Menthol is a natural analgesic compound. Menthol could cause a feeling of coolness due to stimulation of ‘cold’ receptors by inhibiting Ca++ currents of neuronal membranes[1].
Afzelin
Afzelin is a glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antibacterial agent and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a glycosyloxyflavone, a trihydroxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a kaempferol. It is a conjugate acid of an afzelin(1-). Afzelin is a natural product found in Premna odorata, Vicia tenuifolia, and other organisms with data available. [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_30eV_1-1_01_1585.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_20eV_1-1_01_1549.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_10eV_1-1_01_1540.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_10eV_1-1_01_1576.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_20eV_1-1_01_1584.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_40eV_1-1_01_1586.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_30eV_1-1_01_1550.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_50eV_1-1_01_1552.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_pos_40eV_1-1_01_1551.txt [Raw Data] CBA27_Afzelin_neg_50eV_1-1_01_1587.txt Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside)It is a flavonol glycoside that has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress response, anti-apoptotic, and anti-cardiac cytotoxic effects. AfzelinIt can reduce mitochondrial damage, enhance mitochondrial biosynthesis, and reduce mitochondria-related proteins. Parkinand PTENinduced putative kinase 1 (putative kinase 1)s level. AfzelinCan be improved D-galactosamine(GalN)/LPSSurvival rate of mice treated with doxorubicin prophylaxis (HY-15142A)Induced cardiotoxicity and scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced neurological injury. AfzelinAlso inhibits asthma and allergies caused by ovalbumin[1][2][3][4]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1].
6'-O-p-Coumaroyltrifolin
Kaempferol 3-(6-p-coumaroylgalactoside) is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid 3-o-p-coumaroyl glycosides. Flavonoid 3-o-p-coumaroyl glycosides are flavonoid 3-O-glycosides where the carbohydrate moiety is esterified with a p-coumaric acid. P-coumaric acid is an organic derivative of cinnamic acid, that carries a hydroxyl group at the 4-position of the benzene ring. Kaempferol 3-(6-p-coumaroylgalactoside) is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Within the cell, kaempferol 3-(6-p-coumaroylgalactoside) is primarily located in the membrane (predicted from logP). Tribuloside is a glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to a 6-O-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a glycosyloxyflavone, a cinnamate ester, a trihydroxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a kaempferol and a trans-4-coumaric acid. Tiliroside is a natural product found in Phlomoides spectabilis, Anaphalis contorta, and other organisms with data available. 6-O-p-Coumaroyltrifolin is a constituent of Pinus sylvestris (Scotch pine). Tiliroside, a glycosidic flavonoid, possesses anti-diabetic activities. Tiliroside is a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-amylase with a Ki value of 84.2? μM. Tiliroside inhibits carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption in the gastrointestinal tract[1]. Tiliroside, a glycosidic flavonoid, possesses anti-diabetic activities. Tiliroside is a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-amylase with a Ki value of 84.2? μM. Tiliroside inhibits carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption in the gastrointestinal tract[1]. Tribuloside is a flavonoid that can be isolated from Tribulus terrestris L[1]. Tribuloside exhibits anti-mycobacterial activity against the non-pathogenic Mycobacterium species with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5.0 mg/mL. Tribuloside has 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity[2]. Tribuloside is a flavonoid that can be isolated from Tribulus terrestris L[1]. Tribuloside exhibits anti-mycobacterial activity against the non-pathogenic Mycobacterium species with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5.0 mg/mL. Tribuloside has 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity[2].
D-Citronellol
Citronellol is formally classified as alkylalcohol although it is biochemically a monoterpenoid as it is synthesized from isoprene units. Citronellol is a neutral compound. It is a naturally occurring organic compound found in cannabis plants (PMID:6991645 ). Citronellol occurs in many essential oils as either ‚Äì or + enantiomers. -Citronellol is found in the oils of rose (18-55\\\\\\%) and Pelargonium geraniums while + citronellol is found in citronella oils extracted from the leaves and stems of Cymbopogon nardus or citronella grass. Citronellol has a citrus, floral, and geranium taste with a floral¬†leathery¬†waxy¬†rose¬†citrus odor ( Ref:DOI ). It is used in perfumery to add scents to soaps and incense. It is an insect repellent that repels mosquitos at short distances (PMID:2862274 ). Citronellol is found in highest concentrations in gingers, sweet basils, and winter savories and in lower concentrations in highbush blueberries, bilberries, and cardamoms. Citronellol has also been detected in blackcurrants, fennels, evergreen blackberries, herbs and spices, and nutmegs making citronellol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Citronellol has promising pharmacological activities (PMID:30453001 ) against human lung cancer (PMID:31280209 ), against induced rat breast cancer (PMID:31313341 ), has antifungal activity against Candida species (PMID:32150884 ) and has anti-hypertensive properties (PMID:26872991 ). (R)-(+)-citronellol is a citronellol that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7 (the 3R-enantiomer). It is an enantiomer of a (S)-(-)-citronellol. D-Citronellol is a natural product found in Azadirachta indica, Saxifraga stolonifera, and other organisms with data available. See also: beta-CITRONELLOL, (R)-; GERANIOL (component of); beta-CITRONELLOL, (R)-; GERANIOL; LINALOOL, (+/-)- (component of) ... View More ... Constituent of black cumin (Nigella sativa) seeds. A common constituent of plant oils, especies in the Rutaceae. D-Citronellol is found in herbs and spices. (R)-Citronellol (D-Citronellol) is an alcoholic monoterpene found in geranium essential oil. (R)-Citronellol inhibits degranulation of mast cells and does not affect caffeine bitterness perception. (R)-Citronellol can be used in decorative cosmetics, toiletries as well as in non-cosmetic products[1][2][3]. (R)-Citronellol (D-Citronellol) is an alcoholic monoterpene found in geranium essential oil. (R)-Citronellol inhibits degranulation of mast cells and does not affect caffeine bitterness perception. (R)-Citronellol can be used in decorative cosmetics, toiletries as well as in non-cosmetic products[1][2][3]. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1]. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1].
Dimethyl trisulfide
Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest organic trisulfide. It is a flammable liquid with a foul odor, which is detectable at levels as low as 1 part per trillion. Dimethyl trisulfide has been found in volatiles emitted from cooked onion, leek and other Allium species, from broccoli and cabbage, as well as from Limburger cheese, and is involved in the unpalatable aroma of aged beer and stale Japanese sake. It is a decomposition product from bacterial decomposition, including from the early stages of human decomposition, and is a major attractant for blowflies looking for hosts. Dimethyl trisulfide along with dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide have been confirmed as volatile compounds given off by the fly-attracting plant known as dead-horse arum (Helicodiceros muscivorus). These flies are attracted to the odor of fetid meat and help pollinate this plant. DMTS contributes to the foul odor given off by the fungus Phallus impudicus, also known as the common stinkhorn. DMTS causes the characteristic malodorous smell of a fungating lesion, e.g., from cancer wounds, and contributes to the odor of human feces. Dimethyldisulfide is a volatile organic compound. Methyl disulfide is occasionally found as a volatile component of normal human breath and biofluids. Dimethyldisulfide is one of the representative volatile components found in oral malodor. Dimethyldisulfide concentrations in breath is a practical noninvasive way to assess recent exposure to sulfur compounds in sulfate pulp mills, and therefore it should be applicable to workplaces contaminated. (PMID: 5556886, 14691119, 11236158, 8481097) (Wikipedia). Found in essential oil of hop (Humulus lupulus), garlic (Allium sativum), shallot (Allium cepa) and ramsons (Allium ursinum)and is also found in pineapple, raw cabbage, kohrabi, roasted filberts, roasted peanuts, edible mushrooms, brussel sprouts, fermented radish, Chinese cabbage, parsnips, scallop and squid. The major off-flavour principle of overcooked brassicas. Flavouring ingredient. Dimethyl trisulfide is an organic trisulfide. Dimethyl trisulfide is a natural product found in Psidium guajava, Allium chinense, and other organisms with data available. dimethyltrisulfide is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Dimethyl trisulfide is an organic chemical compound and the simplest organic trisulfide found in garlic, onion, broccoli, and similar plants. Dimethyl trisulfide is a cyanide antidote[1]. Dimethyl trisulfide is an organic chemical compound and the simplest organic trisulfide found in garlic, onion, broccoli, and similar plants. Dimethyl trisulfide is a cyanide antidote[1].
L-Ascorbic acid
L-ascorbic acid is a white to very pale yellow crystalline powder with a pleasant sharp acidic taste. Almost odorless. (NTP, 1992) L-ascorbic acid is the L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate. It has a role as a coenzyme, a flour treatment agent, a food antioxidant, a plant metabolite, a cofactor, a skin lightening agent and a geroprotector. It is an ascorbic acid and a vitamin C. It is a conjugate acid of a L-ascorbate. It is an enantiomer of a D-ascorbic acid. A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant. Ascorbic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Ascorbic acid is a Vitamin C. Ascorbic Acid is a natural product found in Populus tremula, Rosa platyacantha, and other organisms with data available. Ascorbic Acid is a natural water-soluble vitamin (Vitamin C). Ascorbic acid is a potent reducing and antioxidant agent that functions in fighting bacterial infections, in detoxifying reactions, and in the formation of collagen in fibrous tissue, teeth, bones, connective tissue, skin, and capillaries. Found in citrus and other fruits, and in vegetables, vitamin C cannot be produced or stored by humans and must be obtained in the diet. (NCI04) A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant. See also: Sodium Ascorbate (active moiety of); D-ascorbic acid (related); Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate (active moiety of) ... View More ... G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G01 - Gynecological antiinfectives and antiseptics > G01A - Antiinfectives and antiseptics, excl. combinations with corticosteroids > G01AD - Organic acids A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A11 - Vitamins > A11G - Ascorbic acid (vitamin c), incl. combinations > A11GA - Ascorbic acid (vitamin c), plain B - Blood and blood forming organs > B03 - Antianemic preparations > B03A - Iron preparations > B03AA - Iron bivalent, oral preparations COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor[1][2][3]. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells[4]. L-Ascorbic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=50-81-7 (retrieved 2024-10-29) (CAS RN: 50-81-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
beta-Myrcene
7-Methyl-3-methylene-1,6-octadiene, also known as beta-Myrcene or myrcene is an acyclic monoterpene. Monoterpenoids are terpenes that contain 10 carbon atoms and are comprised of two isoprene units. The biosynthesis of monoterpenes is known to occur mainly through the methyl-erythritol-phosphate (MEP) pathway in the plastids. beta-Myrcene is a significant component of the essential oil of several plants, including allspice, bay, cannabis, hops, houttuynia, lemon grass, mango, myrcia, verbena, west indian bay tree, and cardamom. It is also the main component of wild thyme, the leaves of which contain up to 40\\\\% by weight of myrcene. Industrially, it is produced mainly semi-synthetically from myrcia, from which it gets its name. Myrcene has been detected as a volatile component in cannabis plant samples (PMID:26657499 ) and its essential oils (PMID:6991645 ). beta-Myrcene is the most abundant monoterpene in Cannabis and it has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, and antimutagenic activities. beta-Myrcene is a flavouring agent and it is used in the perfumery industry. It has a pleasant odor but is rarely used directly. It is a key intermediate in the production of several fragrances such as menthol, citral, citronellol, citronellal, geraniol, nerol, and linalool. Myrcene, [liquid] appears as a yellow oily liquid with a pleasant odor. Flash point below 200 °F. Insoluble in water and less dense than water. Beta-myrcene is a monoterpene that is octa-1,6-diene bearing methylene and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7 respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an anti-inflammatory agent, an anabolic agent, a fragrance, a flavouring agent and a volatile oil component. Myrcene is a natural product found in Teucrium montanum, Xylopia aromatica, and other organisms with data available. 7-Methyl-3-methylene-1,6-octadiene is found in allspice. 7-Methyl-3-methylene-1,6-octadiene is found in many essential oils, e.g. hop oil. 7-Methyl-3-methylene-1,6-octadiene is a flavouring agent. Myrcene is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. See also: Caraway Oil (part of); Mandarin oil (part of); Juniper Berry Oil (part of) ... View More ... A monoterpene that is octa-1,6-diene bearing methylene and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7 respectively. Found in many essential oils, e.g. hop oil. Flavouring agent Myrcene (β-Myrcene), an aromatic volatile compound, suppresses TNFα-induced NF-κB activity. Myrcene has anti-invasive effect[1][2]. Myrcene (β-Myrcene), an aromatic volatile compound, suppresses TNFα-induced NF-κB activity. Myrcene has anti-invasive effect[1][2].
beta-Geraniol
Geraniol is a colorless to pale yellow oily liquid with a sweet rose odor. (NTP, 1992) Geraniol is a monoterpenoid consisting of two prenyl units linked head-to-tail and functionalised with a hydroxy group at its tail end. It has a role as a fragrance, an allergen, a volatile oil component and a plant metabolite. It is a monoterpenoid, a primary alcohol and a 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol. Geraniol is a monoterpene that is found within many essential oils of fruits, vegetables, and herbs including rose oil, citronella, lemongrass, lavender, and other aromatic plants. It is emitted from the flowers of many species of plant and is commonly used by the food, fragrance, and cosmetic industry. Geraniol has demonstrated a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective to name a few. Interestingly, geraniol has also been shown to sensitize tumour cells to commonly used chemotherapies including [DB00544] and [DB01248] and represents a promising cancer chemopreventive agent. Due to its anticancer effects, geraniol has been found to be effective against a broad range of cancers including breast, lung, colon, prostate, pancreatic, skin, liver, kidney and oral cancers. These pharmacologic effects are clinically important as geraniol is classified as generally-recognized-as-safe (GRAS) by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States. Sensitivity to geraniol may be identified with a clinical patch test. Geraniol is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. The physiologic effect of geraniol is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity. Geraniol is a natural product found in Xylopia sericea, Eupatorium cannabinum, and other organisms with data available. beta-Geraniol is found in almond. beta-Geraniol is found in free state and as esters in many essential oils including geranium oil. Most prolific natural source is palmarosa oil. beta-Geraniol is a flavouring agent. Geraniol is a monoterpenoid and an alcohol. It is the primary part of rose oil, palmarosa oil, and citronella oil (Java type). It also occurs in small quantities in geranium, lemon, and many other essential oils. It has a rose-like odor and is commonly used in perfumes. It is used in flavors such as peach, raspberry, grapefruit, red apple, plum, lime, orange, lemon, watermelon, pineapple, and blueberry. It is the isomer of nerol. (Wikipedia) beta-Geraniol belongs to the family of Monoterpenes. These are compounds contaning a chain of two isoprene units. Geraniol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. See also: Coriander Oil (part of); Java citronella oil (part of). beta-Geraniol, also known as (E)-nerol, the isomer of nerol (or geranyl alcohol, is a monoterpenoid alcohol. It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyclic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. Monoterpenoids are terpenes that contain 10 carbon atoms and are comprised of two isoprene units. The biosynthesis of monoterpenes is known to occur mainly through the methyl-erythritol-phosphate (MEP) pathway in the plastids (PMID:7640522 ). Geranyl diphosphate (GPP) is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of cyclic monoterpenes. GPP undergoes several cyclization reactions to yield a diverse number of cyclic arrangements. beta-Geraniol is an isoprenoid lipid molecule that is very hydrophobic, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. beta-Geraniol has a sweet, citrus, and floral taste. beta-Geraniol is found in highest concentrations in common grapes, black walnuts, and common thymes and in lower concentrations in cardamoms, common oregano, and gingers. beta-Geraniol has also been detected in lemon verbena, oval-leaf huckleberries, common pea, sweet cherries, and nopals. This could make beta-geraniol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. It is found in as an alcohol and as its ester in many essential oils including geranium oil. It is the primary part of rose oil, palmarosa oil, and citronella oil (Java type) and occurs in small quantities in geranium, lemon, and many other essential oils. Geraniol is a monoterpenoid and an alcohol found in cannabis plants (PMID:6991645 ). Because it has a rose-like odor, it is commonly used in perfumes. It is used to create flavors such as peach, raspberry, grapefruit, red apple, plum, lime, orange, lemon, watermelon, pineapple, and blueberry. Geraniol is produced by the scent glands of honeybees to mark nectar-bearing flowers and locate the entrances to their hives (http//doi:10.1051/apido:19900403). Found in free state and as esters in many essential oils including geranium oil. Most prolific natural source is palmarosa oil. Flavouring agent A monoterpenoid consisting of two prenyl units linked head-to-tail and functionalised with a hydroxy group at its tail end. C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant Geraniol, an olefinic terpene, was found to inhibit growth of Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains[1]. Geraniol, an olefinic terpene, was found to inhibit growth of Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains[1]. Nerol is a constituent of neroli oil. Nerol Nerol triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and induces apoptosis via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS. Antifungal activity[1][2]. Nerol is a constituent of neroli oil. Nerol Nerol triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and induces apoptosis via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS. Antifungal activity[1][2]. Nerol is a constituent of neroli oil. Nerol Nerol triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and induces apoptosis via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS. Antifungal activity[1][2].
Geraniol
Geraniol, also known as beta-Geraniol, (E)-nerol (the isomer of nerol) or geranyl alcohol, is a monoterpenoid alcohol. It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyclic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. Monoterpenoids are terpenes that contain 10 carbon atoms and are comprised of two isoprene units. In plants, the biosynthesis of monoterpenes is known to occur mainly through the methyl-erythritol-phosphate (MEP) pathway in the plastids (PMID:7640522 ). Geranyl diphosphate (GPP) is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of cyclic monoterpenes. GPP undergoes several cyclization reactions to yield a diverse number of cyclic arrangements. beta-Geraniol is an isoprenoid lipid molecule that is very hydrophobic, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. beta-Geraniol has a sweet, citrus, and floral taste. beta-Geraniol is found in highest concentrations in common grapes, black walnuts, and common thymes and in lower concentrations in cardamoms, common oregano, and gingers. beta-Geraniol has also been detected in lemon verbena, oval-leaf huckleberries, common pea, sweet cherries, and nopals. It is found as an alcohol and as its ester in many essential oils including geranium oil. It is the primary part of rose oil, palmarosa oil, and citronella oil (Java type) and occurs in small quantities in geranium, lemon, and many other essential oils. Because it has a rose-like odor, it is commonly used in perfumes. It is used to create flavors such as peach, raspberry, grapefruit, red apple, plum, lime, orange, lemon, watermelon, pineapple, and blueberry. An alternate application has been found in the use of insect repellents or deterrants. Though it may repel mosquitoes, flies, lice, cockroaches, ants, and ticks, it is also produced by the scent glands of honey bees to help them mark nectar-bearing flowers and locate the entrances to their hives (http//doi:10.1051/apido:19900403). Extensive testing by Dr. Jerry Butler at the University of Florida has shown geraniol to be one of natures most effective insect repellents (PMID:20836800). Nerol is the (2Z)-stereoisomer of 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol. It has been isolated from the essential oils from plants like lemon grass. It has a role as a volatile oil component, a plant metabolite and a fragrance. Nerol is a natural product found in Eupatorium cannabinum, Vitis rotundifolia, and other organisms with data available. Nerol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Constituent of many essential oils including neroli and bergamot oils. In essential oils it is a minor component always accompanied by geraniol. Flavouring agent The (2Z)-stereoisomer of 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol. It has been isolated from the essential oils from plants like lemon grass. Nerol is a constituent of neroli oil. Nerol Nerol triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and induces apoptosis via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS. Antifungal activity[1][2]. Nerol is a constituent of neroli oil. Nerol Nerol triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and induces apoptosis via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS. Antifungal activity[1][2]. Nerol is a constituent of neroli oil. Nerol Nerol triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and induces apoptosis via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS. Antifungal activity[1][2].
Geranyl acetate
Geranyl acetate is a clear colorless liquid with an odor of lavender. (NTP, 1992) Geranyl acetate is a monoterpenoid that is the acetate ester derivative of geraniol. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an acetate ester and a monoterpenoid. It is functionally related to a geraniol. Geranyl acetate is a natural product found in Nepeta nepetella, Xylopia sericea, and other organisms with data available. See also: Lemon oil, cold pressed (part of); Coriander Oil (part of); Java citronella oil (part of). Neryl acetate is found in cardamom. Neryl acetate is found in citrus, kumquat and pummelo peel oils, ginger, cardamon, clary sage, myrtle leaf and myrtle berries. Neryl acetate is a flavouring agent A monoterpenoid that is the acetate ester derivative of geraniol. Geranyl acetate, an acyclic monoterpene ester derived from geraniol, is widely used in the cosmetics industry due to its pleasant scent[1]. Geranyl acetate can induces cell apoptosis[2]. Geranyl acetate, an acyclic monoterpene ester derived from geraniol, is widely used in the cosmetics industry due to its pleasant scent[1]. Geranyl acetate can induces cell apoptosis[2].
3-Hexen-1-ol
(Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol is a hex-3-en-1-ol in which the double bond adopts a Z-configuration. Also known as leaf alcohol, it is emitted by green plants upon mechanical damage. Used as a flavourant in tea. It has a role as an insect attractant, a plant metabolite and a fragrance. cis-3-Hexen-1-ol is a natural product found in Lonicera japonica, Santolina corsica, and other organisms with data available. cis-3-hexen-1-ol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 3-Hexen-1-ol, also known as 1-hydroxy-3-hexene, is a colourless oily liquid with an intense grassy-green odour of freshly cut green grass and leaves. It is produced in small amounts by most plants and it acts as an attractant to many predatory insects. 3-Hexen-1-ol is a very important aroma compound that is used in fruit and vegetable flavours and in perfumes. The yearly production is about 30 tonnes. 3-Hexen-1-ol is found in black elderberry. It is used as tea flavourant. Preferred to (E)-isomer in perfumes and flavours to add natural `green notes. Occurs in geranium, tea, citrus and other oils, and many fruits, e.g. banana, concord grape, quince. (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol is found in many foods, some of which are allspice, dill, citrus, and garden tomato (variety). A hex-3-en-1-ol in which the double bond adopts a Z-configuration. Also known as leaf alcohol, it is emitted by green plants upon mechanical damage. Used as a flavourant in tea. cis-3-Hexen-1-ol ((Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol) is a green grassy smelling compound found in many fresh fruits and vegetables. cis-3-Hexen-1-ol is widely used as an added flavor in processed food to provide a fresh green quality. cis-3-Hexen-1-ol is an attractant to various insects[1][2]. cis-3-Hexen-1-ol ((Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol) is a green grassy smelling compound found in many fresh fruits and vegetables. cis-3-Hexen-1-ol is widely used as an added flavor in processed food to provide a fresh green quality. cis-3-Hexen-1-ol is an attractant to various insects[1][2].
Terpinen-4-ol
p-Menth-1-en-4-ol, also known as terpinen-4-ol, 1-para-menthen-4-ol or p-Menth-1-en-4-ol or 4-carvomenthenol, is an isomer of terpineol. It belongs to the class of organic compounds known as menthane monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids with a structure based on the o-, m-, or p-menthane backbone. P-menthane consists of the cyclohexane ring with a methyl group and a (2-methyl)-propyl group at the 1 and 4 ring position, respectively. The o- and m- menthanes are much rarer, and presumably arise by alkyl migration of p-menthanes. ±-Terpinene-4-ol is a hydrophobic, largely neutral molecule that is essentially insoluble in water. It has a peppery, spicy, musty, citrus odor and a cooling woody or spicy taste. ±-Terpinene-4-ol is widely used as a flavoring agent and as a masking agent in cosmetics. ±-Terpinene-4-ol is a natural product that can be found in a number of plants, such as allspice, anise, apple, basil, cardamom, cinnamon and Melaleuca alternifolia (also called tea tree) and is the main bioactive component of tea tree oil (PMID 22083482 ). ±-Terpinene-4-ol is also one of the monoterpenes found in cannabis plants (PMID:6991645 ). Terpinen-4-ol is a potent bactericidal agent that also possess antifungal properties. In particular, it has shown in vitro activity against Staphylococcus aureus and C. albicans (PMID:27275783 ). It has also been shown that combining this natural substance and conventional drugs may help treat resistant yeast and bacterial infections. Several studies have suggested that terpinen-4-ol induces antitumor effects by selectively causing necrotic cell death and cell-cycle arrest in melanoma cell lines, or by triggering caspase-dependent apoptosis in human melanoma cells (PMID:27275783 ). 4-terpineol is a terpineol that is 1-menthene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antibacterial agent, an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antiparasitic agent, an antineoplastic agent, an apoptosis inducer and a volatile oil component. It is a terpineol and a tertiary alcohol. Terpinen-4-ol is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01647217 (Demodex Blepharitis Treatment Study). 4-Carvomenthenol is a natural product found in Nepeta nepetella, Teucrium montanum, and other organisms with data available. Terpinen-4-ol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. See also: Lavender Oil (part of); Juniper Berry Oil (part of); Peumus boldus leaf (part of). Flavouring ingredient. p-Menth-1-en-4-ol is found in many foods, some of which are star anise, spearmint, sweet basil, and black elderberry. A terpineol that is 1-menthene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4. Terpinen-4-ol (4-Carvomenthenol), a naturally occurring monoterpene, is the main bioactive component of tea-tree oil. Terpinen-4-ol suppresses inflammatory mediator production by activated human monocytes. Terpinen-4-ol significantly enhances the effect of several chemotherapeutic and biological agents[1][2][3]. Terpinen-4-ol (4-Carvomenthenol), a naturally occurring monoterpene, is the main bioactive component of tea-tree oil. Terpinen-4-ol suppresses inflammatory mediator production by activated human monocytes. Terpinen-4-ol significantly enhances the effect of several chemotherapeutic and biological agents[1][2][3].
Farnesol
Farnesol is a signaling molecule that is derived from farnesyl diphosphate, an intermediate in the isoprenoid/cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. Farnesol is a 15 carbon isoprenoid alcohol is the corresponding dephosphorylated form of the isoprenoid farnesyl diphosphate. Farnesol has a potential role in controlling the degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMGCoA) reductase (EC 1.1.1.34, NADPH-hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase). The enzyme is stabilized under conditions of cellular sterol depletion (e.g. statin-treated cells) and rapidly degraded in sterol-loaded cells. In mammalian cells, this enhanced degradation is dependent on the presence of both a sterol and a non-sterol derived from the isoprenoid pathway; farnesol, the dephosphorylated form of farnesyl diphosphate, can function as the non-sterol component. Farnesol has been shown to activate the farnesoid receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor that forms a functional heterodimer with RXR. Thus, dephosphorylation of farnesyl diphosphate, an intermediate in the cholesterol synthetic pathway, might produce an active ligand for the FXR:RXR heterodimer. The physiological ligand for FXR remains to be identified; farnesol, may simply mimic the unidentified natural ligand(s). In addition, exogenous farnesol have an effect on several other physiological processes, including inhibition of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell cycle progression and actin cytoskeletal disorganization. Farnesol cellular availability is an important determinant of vascular tone in animals and humans, and provides a basis for exploring farnesyl metabolism in humans with compromised vascular function as well as for using farnesyl analogues as regulators of arterial tone in vivo. A possible metabolic fate for farnesol is its conversion to farnesoic acid, and then to farnesol-derived dicarboxylic acids (FDDCAs) which would then be excreted in the urine. Farnesol can also be oxidized to a prenyl aldehyde, presumably by an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and that this activity resides in the mitochondrial and peroxisomal. Liver Endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomal fractions are able to phosphorylate farnesol to Farnesyl diphosphate in a Cytosine triphosphate dependent fashion. (PMID: 9812197, 8636420, 9083051, 9015362). Prenol is polymerized by dehydration reactions; when there are at least four isoprene units (n in the above formula is greater than or equal to four), the polymer is called a polyprenol. Polyprenols can contain up to 100 isoprene units (n=100) linked end to end with the hydroxyl group (-OH) remaining at the end. These isoprenoid alcohols are also called terpenols These isoprenoid alcohols are important in the acylation of proteins, carotenoids, and fat-soluble vitamins A, E and K. They are also building blocks for plant oils such as farnesol and geraniol. Prenol is also a building block of cholesterol (built from six isoprene units), and thus of all steroids. Prenol has sedative properities, it is probably GABA receptor allosteric modulator.When the isoprene unit attached to the alcohol is saturated, the compound is referred to as a dolichol. Dolichols are important as glycosyl carriers in the synthesis of polysaccharides.(Wikipedia). C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant Component of many flower absolutes [CCD] Farnesol is a colorless liquid with a delicate floral odor. (NTP, 1992) Farnesol is a farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a fungal metabolite and an antimicrobial agent. It is a farnesane sesquiterpenoid, a primary alcohol and a polyprenol. trans,trans-Farnesol is a natural product found in Lonicera japonica, Psidium guajava, and other organisms with data available. (2-trans,6-trans)-Farnesol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A colorless liquid extracted from oils of plants such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, and tuberose. It is an intermediate step in the biological synthesis of cholesterol from mevalonic acid in vertebrates. It has a delicate odor and is used in perfumery. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed) Farnesol is a sesquiterpene alcohol that modulates cell-to-cell communication in Candida albicans, and has the activity in inhibiting bacteria. Farnesol is a sesquiterpene alcohol that modulates cell-to-cell communication in Candida albicans, and has the activity in inhibiting bacteria.
(+)-alpha-Pinene
alpha-Pinene (CAS: 80-56-8) is an organic compound of the terpene class and is one of two isomers of pinene. It is found in the oils of many species of many coniferous trees, notably the pine. It is also found in the essential oil of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis). Both enantiomers are known in nature. 1S,5S- or (-)-alpha-pinene is more common in European pines, whereas the 1R,5R- or (+)-alpha-isomer is more common in North America. The racemic mixture is present in some oils such as eucalyptus oil (Wikipedia). alpha-Pinene is an organic compound of the terpene class, one of two isomers of pinene. It is found in the oils of many species of many coniferous trees, notably the pine. It is also found in the essential oil of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis). Both enantiomers are known in nature; 1S,5S- or (-)-alpha-pinene is more common in European pines, whereas the 1R,5R- or (+)-alpha-isomer is more common in North America. The racemic mixture is present in some oils such as eucalyptus oil. (+)-alpha-pinene is the (+)-enantiomer of alpha-pinene. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a human metabolite. It is an enantiomer of a (-)-alpha-pinene. (+)-alpha-Pinene is a natural product found in Juniperus drupacea, Eucalyptus deglupta, and other organisms with data available. The (+)-enantiomer of alpha-pinene. (1R)-α-Pinene is a volatile monoterpene with antimicrobial activities. (1R)-α-Pinene reduces Bacillus cereus population growth, and exhibits repellent effects[1][2]. (1R)-α-Pinene is a volatile monoterpene with antimicrobial activities. (1R)-α-Pinene reduces Bacillus cereus population growth, and exhibits repellent effects[1][2].
Eugenol
Eugenol appears as clear colorless pale yellow or amber-colored liquid. Odor of cloves. Spicy pungent taste. (NTP, 1992) Eugenol is a phenylpropanoid formally derived from guaiacol with an allyl chain substituted para to the hydroxy group. It is a major component of clove essential oil, and exhibits antibacterial, analgesic and antioxidant properties. It has been widely used in dentistry to treat toothache and pulpitis. It has a role as an allergen, a human blood serum metabolite, a sensitiser, a volatile oil component, a flavouring agent, an EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor, a radical scavenger, an antibacterial agent, an antineoplastic agent, an apoptosis inducer, an anaesthetic, an analgesic, a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, a NF-kappaB inhibitor and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a phenylpropanoid, a monomethoxybenzene, a member of phenols and an alkenylbenzene. It is functionally related to a guaiacol. Eugenol is a naturally occurring phenolic molecule found in several plants such as cinnamon, clove, and bay leaves. It has been used as a topical antiseptic as a counter-irritant and in dental preparations with zinc oxide for root canal sealing and pain control. Although not currently available in any FDA-approved products (including OTC), eugenol has been found to have anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antipyretic, antioxidant, antifungal and analgesic properties. Its exact mechanism of action is unknown, however, it has been shown to interfere with action potential conduction. There are a number of unapproved OTC products available containing eugenol that advertise its use for the treatment of toothache. Eugenol is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. The physiologic effect of eugenol is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity. Eugenol, also called clove oil, is an aromatic oil extracted from cloves that is used widely as a flavoring for foods and teas and as an herbal oil used topically to treat toothache and more rarely to be taken orally to treat gastrointestinal and respiratory complaints. Eugenol in therapeutic doses has not been implicated in causing serum enzyme elevations or clinically apparent liver injury, but ingestions of high doses, as with an overdose, can cause severe liver injury. Eugenol is a natural product found in Dahlia sherffii, Elettaria cardamomum, and other organisms with data available. Eugenol is an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol, i.e. 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)phenol. Eugenol is a member of the allylbenzene class of chemical compounds. It is a clear to pale yellow oily liquid extracted from certain essential oils especially from clove oil, nutmeg, cinnamon, and bay leaf. It is slightly soluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. It has a pleasant, spicy, clove-like odor. Eugenol is used in perfumeries, flavorings, essential oils and in medicine as a local antiseptic and anaesthetic. It was used in the production of isoeugenol for the manufacture of vanillin, though most vanillin is now produced from petrochemicals or from by-products of paper manufacture (Wikipedia). 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A cinnamate derivative of the shikimate pathway found in CLOVE OIL and other PLANTS. See also: Cinnamon (part of); Clove Oil (part of); Cinnamon Leaf Oil (part of) ... View More ... Eugenol is an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol. Eugenol is a member of the phenylpropanoids class of chemical compounds. It is a clear to pale yellow oily liquid extracted from certain essential oils especially from clove oil, nutmeg, cinnamon, and bay leaf. It is slightly soluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. It has a pleasant, spicy, clove-like aroma. Eugenol is an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol, i.e. 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)phenol. It is a clear to pale yellow oily liquid extracted from certain essential oils especially from clove oil, nutmeg, cinnamon, and bay leaf. Eugenol is used in perfumeries, flavorings, essential oils and in medicine as a local antiseptic and anaesthetic. It was used in the production of isoeugenol for the manufacture of vanillin, though most vanillin is now produced from petrochemicals or from by-products of paper manufacture (Wikipedia). Eugenol is used in perfumeries, flavorings, essential oils and in medicine as a local antiseptic and anesthetic. It is a key ingredient in Indonesian kretek (clove) cigarettes. It was used in the production of isoeugenol for the manufacture of vanillin, though most vanillin is now produced from phenol or from lignin. It is one of many compounds that is attractive to males of various species of orchid bees, who apparently gather the chemical to synthesize pheromones; it is commonly used as bait to attract and collect these bees for study. Eugenol has a very widespread occurrence in essential oils. Major component of clove oil. Also found in citrus and thyme oils. It is found in foods such as apple, apricot, banana and cherry fruits. Eugenol or 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol is classified as a phenylpropanoid, formally derived from guaiacol, with an allyl chain positioned para to the hydroxy group. It is soluble in water, alcohol, chloroform, ether and oils. Eugenol is a neutral compound. It is biosynthesized from tyrosine. Eugenol is widely distributed in plants. It is a clear to pale yellow oily liquid extracted from clove oil, nutmeg, cinnamon, basil and bay leaf. It has a pleasant, spicy, clove-like odor with a spicy pungent taste. Eugenol is found in highest concentrations in cloves, allspices, and carrots and in lower concentrations in walnuts, ceylon cinnamons, and wild carrots. Eugenol has also been detected in shea tree, passion fruits, winged beans, fireweeds, and gingers, making it a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Eugenol is used in perfumeries, flavorings and essential oils. It was first used for the manufacture of vanillin (https://doi.org/10.1021/ed054p776), though most vanillin is now produced from petrochemicals or from by-products of paper manufacture. Eugenol is hepatotoxic, meaning it may cause damage to the liver, if consumed in high doses. Eugenol has local antiseptic and anaesthetic properties (PMID:15089054 ; PMID:935250 ) and acts as positive allosteric modulators of the GABA-A receptor. It has high antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory activities with potential roles in alleviating and preventing cancer and inflammatory reactions (PMID:27771920 ). A phenylpropanoid formally derived from guaiacol with an allyl chain substituted para to the hydroxy group. It is a major component of clove essential oil, and exhibits antibacterial, analgesic and antioxidant properties. It has been widely used in dentistry to treat toothache and pulpitis. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D012997 - Solvents [Raw Data] CB226_Eugenol_pos_10eV_CB000079.txt [Raw Data] CB226_Eugenol_pos_20eV_CB000079.txt [Raw Data] CB226_Eugenol_pos_40eV_CB000079.txt [Raw Data] CB226_Eugenol_pos_50eV_CB000079.txt [Raw Data] CB226_Eugenol_pos_30eV_CB000079.txt Eugenol is an essential oil found in cloves with antibacterial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activity. Eugenol is shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation. Eugenol is an essential oil found in cloves with antibacterial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activity. Eugenol is shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation.
Citral
Geranial, also known as 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal, citral or lemonal, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyclic monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. Thus, citral is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid. Two different isomers of 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal exist. The E-isomer or trans-isomer is known as geranial or citral A. The Z-isomer or cis-isomer is known as neral or citral B. 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Citral is present in the oils of several plants, including lemon myrtle (90-98\\\\%), Litsea citrata (90\\\\%), Litsea cubeba, lemongrass (65-80\\\\%), lemon tea-tree (70-80\\\\%), Ocimum gratissimum, Lindera citriodora, Calypranthes parriculata, petitgrain, lemon verbena, lemon ironbark, lemon balm, lime, lemon and orange. Citral has also been reported to be found in Cannabis sativa (PMID:6991645 , 26657499 ). Citral has a strong lemon (citrus) odor. Nerals lemon odor is less intense, but sweeter. Citral is therefore an aroma compound used in perfumery for its citrus effect. Citral is also used as a flavor and for fortifying lemon oil. It has strong antimicrobial qualities (PMID:28974979 ) and pheromonal effects in nematodes and insects (PMID:26973536 ). Citral is used in the synthesis of vitamin A, lycopene, ionone, and methylionone (a compound used to mask the smell of smoke). Occurs in lemon grass oil (Cymbopogon citratus), lemon, orange and many other essential oils; flavouring ingredient. Geranial is found in many foods, some of which are watermelon, nutmeg, cloud ear fungus, and yellow wax bean. Citral is a monoterpene found in Cymbopogon citratus essential oil, with antihyperalgesic, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects[1]. Citral is a monoterpene found in Cymbopogon citratus essential oil, with antihyperalgesic, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects[1].
Decanal
Decanal, also known as 1-decyl aldehyde or capraldehyde, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain aldehydes. These are an aldehyde with a chain length containing between 6 and 12 carbon atoms. Thus, decanal is considered to be a fatty aldehyde lipid molecule. Decanal is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Decanal exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Decanal is a sweet, aldehydic, and citrus tasting compound. Decanal is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as corianders, dills, and gingers and in a lower concentration in limes, sweet oranges, and safflowers. Decanal has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as fishes, cauliflowers, citrus, fats and oils, and lemon grass. This could make decanal a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Decanal is a potentially toxic compound. Decanal, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as uremia, asthma, and perillyl alcohol administration for cancer treatment; decanal has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder celiac disease. Decanal occurs naturally and is used in fragrances and flavoring. Chronic exposure of uremic toxins can lead to a number of conditions including renal damage, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Uremic toxins tend to accumulate in the blood either through dietary excess or through poor filtration by the kidneys. Constituent of Cassia, Neroli and other oils especies citrus peel oilsand is also present in coriander leaf or seed, caviar, roast turkey, roast filbert, green tea, fish oil, hop oil and beer. Flavouring agent Decyl aldehyde is a simple ten-carbon aldehyde. Decyl aldehyde is a bacterial luciferase substrate. Decyl aldehyde is a simple ten-carbon aldehyde. Decyl aldehyde is a bacterial luciferase substrate.
Astragalin
Kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside is a kaempferol O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 3 of kaempferol via a beta-glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a trypanocidal drug and a plant metabolite. It is a kaempferol O-glucoside, a monosaccharide derivative, a trihydroxyflavone and a beta-D-glucoside. It is a conjugate acid of a kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside(1-). Astragalin is a natural product found in Xylopia aromatica, Ficus virens, and other organisms with data available. See also: Moringa oleifera leaf (has part). Astragalin is found in alcoholic beverages. Astragalin is present in red wine. It is isolated from many plant species.Astragalin is a 3-O-glucoside of kaempferol. Astragalin is a chemical compound. It can be isolated from Phytolacca americana (the American pokeweed). A kaempferol O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 3 of kaempferol via a beta-glycosidic linkage. Present in red wine. Isolated from many plant subspecies Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 173 Astragalin (Astragaline) a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, bacteriostatic activity. Astragalin inhibits cancer cells proliferation and migration, induces apoptosis. Astragalin is orally active and provides nerve and heart protection, and resistance against and osteoporosis[1]. Astragalin (Astragaline) a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, bacteriostatic activity. Astragalin inhibits cancer cells proliferation and migration, induces apoptosis. Astragalin is orally active and provides nerve and heart protection, and resistance against and osteoporosis[1].
Nevadensin
Nevadensin, also known as pedunculin or 5,7-hydroxy-4,6,8-trimethoxyflavone, is a member of the class of compounds known as 8-o-methylated flavonoids. 8-o-methylated flavonoids are flavonoids with methoxy groups attached to the C8 atom of the flavonoid backbone. Thus, nevadensin is considered to be a flavonoid lipid molecule. Nevadensin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Nevadensin can be found in peppermint and sweet basil, which makes nevadensin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Nevadensin is a naturally occurring selective inhibitor of human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1) with an IC50 of 2.64 μM. Nevadensin has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis activities, antitussive, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive[1][2]. Nevadensin is a naturally occurring selective inhibitor of human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1) with an IC50 of 2.64 μM. Nevadensin has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis activities, antitussive, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive[1][2].
(±)-Citronellyl acetate
(±)-Citronellyl acetate, also known as b-citronellol acetic acid or cephrol acetate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty alcohol esters. These are ester derivatives of a fatty alcohol. (±)-Citronellol acetate is a monoterpenoid that is the acetate ester of citronellol. It has been isolated from Citrus hystrix. (±)-Citronellyl acetate is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Flavouring ingredient. Constituent of citronella oil, orange juice, lemon juice and peel, grapefruit peel, swangi (Citrus hystrix), ginger, tarragon, myrtle leaf, West Indian lemongrass oil and beer. (±)-Citronellyl acetate is found in many foods, some of which are herbs and spices, carrot, wild carrot, and blackcurrant. Citronellyl acetate is a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, with antinociceptive activity. Citronellyl acetate exhibits pro-apoptotic activity in human hepatoma cells. Citronellyl acetate shows fungicidal, larvicidal, bactericidal and repelling/insecticidal effects[1]. Citronellyl acetate is a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, with antinociceptive activity. Citronellyl acetate exhibits pro-apoptotic activity in human hepatoma cells. Citronellyl acetate shows fungicidal, larvicidal, bactericidal and repelling/insecticidal effects[1].
Coenzyme Q10
Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) is a naturally occurring compound widely distributed in animal organisms and in humans. The primary compounds involved in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone are 4-hydroxybenzoate and the polyprenyl chain. An essential role of coenzyme Q10 is as an electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Moreover, coenzyme Q10 is one of the most important lipophilic antioxidants, preventing the generation of free radicals as well as oxidative modifications of proteins, lipids, and DNA, it and can also regenerate the other powerful lipophilic antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol. Antioxidant action is a property of the reduced form of coenzyme Q10, ubiquinol (CoQ10H2), and the ubisemiquinone radical (CoQ10H*). Paradoxically, independently of the known antioxidant properties of coenzyme Q10, the ubisemiquinone radical anion (CoQ10-) possesses prooxidative properties. Decreased levels of coenzyme Q10 in humans are observed in many pathologies (e.g. cardiac disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, AIDS, cancer) associated with intensive generation of free radicals and their action on cells and tissues. In these cases, treatment involves pharmaceutical supplementation or increased consumption of coenzyme Q10 with meals as well as treatment with suitable chemical compounds (i.e. folic acid or B-group vitamins) which significantly increase ubiquinone biosynthesis in the organism. Estimation of coenzyme Q10 deficiency and efficiency of its supplementation requires a determination of ubiquinone levels in the organism. Therefore, highly selective and sensitive methods must be applied, such as HPLC with UV or coulometric detection. For a number of years, coenzyme Q (CoQ10 in humans) was known for its key role in mitochondrial bioenergetics; later studies demonstrated its presence in other subcellular fractions and in plasma, and extensively investigated its antioxidant role. These two functions constitute the basis on which research supporting the clinical use of CoQ10 is founded. Also at the inner mitochondrial membrane level, coenzyme Q is recognized as an obligatory co-factor for the function of uncoupling proteins and a modulator of the transition pore. Furthermore, recent data reveal that CoQ10 affects expression of genes involved in human cell signalling, metabolism, and transport and some of the effects of exogenously administered CoQ10 may be due to this property. Coenzyme Q is the only lipid soluble antioxidant synthesized endogenously. In its reduced form, CoQH2, ubiquinol, inhibits protein and DNA oxidation but it is the effect on lipid peroxidation that has been most deeply studied. Ubiquinol inhibits the peroxidation of cell membrane lipids and also that of lipoprotein lipids present in the circulation. Dietary supplementation with CoQ10 results in increased levels of ubiquinol-10 within circulating lipoproteins and increased resistance of human low-density lipoproteins to the initiation of lipid peroxidation. Moreover, CoQ10 has a direct anti-atherogenic effect, which has been demonstrated in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed with a high-fat diet. (PMID: 15928598, 17914161). COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins Same as: D01065 Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Benzaldehyde
Benzaldehyde is occasionally found as a volatile component of urine. Benzaldehyde is an aromatic aldehyde used in cosmetics as a denaturant, a flavoring agent, and as a fragrance. Currently used in only seven cosmetic products, its highest reported concentration of use was 0.5\\\% in perfumes. Benzaldehyde is a generally regarded as safe (GRAS) food additive in the United States and is accepted as a flavoring substance in the European Union. Because Benzaldehyde rapidly metabolizes to Benzoic Acid in the skin, the available dermal irritation and sensitization data demonstrating no adverse reactions to Benzoic Acid were considered supportive of the safety of Benzaldehyde. Benzaldehyde is absorbed through skin and by the lungs, distributes to all well-perfused organs, but does not accumulate in any specific tissue type. After being metabolized to benzoic acid, conjugates are formed with glycine or glucuronic acid, and excreted in the urine. Several studies have suggested that Benzaldehyde can have carcinostatic or antitumor properties. Overall, at the concentrations used in cosmetics, Benzaldehyde was not considered a carcinogenic risk to humans. Although there are limited irritation and sensitization data available for Benzaldehyde, the available dermal irritation and sensitization data and ultraviolet (UV) absorption and phototoxicity data demonstrating no adverse reactions to Benzoic Acid support the safety of Benzaldehyde as currently used in cosmetic products. (PMID:16835129, Int J Toxicol. 2006;25 Suppl 1:11-27.). Benzaldehyde, a volatile organic compound, is naturally present in a variety of plants, particularly in certain fruits, nuts, and flowers. It plays a significant role in the aromatic profiles of these plants. For instance, benzaldehyde is a primary component of bitter almond oil, which was one of its earliest known natural sources. Besides bitter almonds, it is also found in fruits like cherries, peaches, and plums, as well as in flowers such as jasmine. In the food industry, benzaldehyde is occasionally used as a food additive to impart specific flavors. This prevalence in plants highlights that benzaldehyde is not only an industrial chemical but also a naturally occurring compound in the plant kingdom. Its presence in these natural sources underscores its significance in both nature and industry. Found in plants, especies in almond kernelsand is) also present in strawberry jam, leek, crispbread, cheese, black tea and several essential oils. Parent and derivs. (e.g. glyceryl acetal) are used as flavourings
Camphene
Camphene, also known as 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane or 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenenorbornane, is a member of the class of compounds known as bicyclic monoterpenoids. Bicyclic monoterpenoids are monoterpenoids containing exactly 2 rings, which are fused to each other. Monoterpenoids are terpenes that contain 10 carbon atoms and are comprised of two isoprene units. The biosynthesis of monoterpenes is known to occur mainly through the methyl-erythritol-phosphate (MEP) pathway in plastids (PMID:7640522 ). Geranyl diphosphate (GPP) is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of cyclic monoterpenes. GPP undergoes several cyclization reactions to yield a diverse number of cyclic arrangements. Camphene is nearly insoluble in water but very soluble in common organic solvents. It volatilizes readily at room temperature and has a pungent smell. It exists as a flammable, white solid that has a minty, citrus, eucalyptus odor. It is produced industrially by catalytic isomerization of the more common alpha-pinene. Camphene is used in the preparation of fragrances and in food additives for flavouring. In the mid-19th century it was used as a fuel for lamps, but this was limited by its explosiveness. Camphene exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to plants to humans. Camphene can be found in a number of food items such as dill, carrots, caraway, hyssop, lemon, orange, nutmeg seed, parsley, sage, thyme, turmeric and fennel, which makes camphene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. It is a minor constituent of many essential oils such as turpentine, cypress oil, camphor oil, citronella oil, neroli, ginger oil, and valerian. Camphene is one of several monoterpenes that are found in cannabis plants (PMID:6991645 ). Camphene, also known as 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane or 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenenorbornane, is a member of the class of compounds known as bicyclic monoterpenoids. Bicyclic monoterpenoids are monoterpenoids containing exactly 2 rings, which are fused to each other. Camphene is a camphor, fir needle, and herbal tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as cardamom, yellow bell pepper, common thyme, and coriander, which makes camphene a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Camphene can be found primarily in feces and saliva. Camphene exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Camphene is a bicyclic monoterpene. It is nearly insoluble in water, but very soluble in common organic solvents. It volatilizes readily at room temperature and has a pungent smell. It is a minor constituent of many essential oils such as turpentine, cypress oil, camphor oil, citronella oil, neroli, ginger oil, and valerian. It is produced industrially by catalytic isomerization of the more common alpha-pinene. Camphene is used in the preparation of fragrances and as a food additive for flavoring. Its mid-19th century use as a fuel for lamps was limited by its explosiveness .
Heptadecane
Heptadecane, also known as CH3-[CH2]15-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Heptadecane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Thus, heptadecane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Heptadecane is an organic compound, an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C17H36. The most compact and branched isomer would be tetra-tert-butylmethane, but its existence is believed to be impossible due to steric hindrance. The name may refer to any of 24894 theoretically possible structural isomers, or to a mixture thereof. Heptadecane is an alkane tasting compound. heptadecane has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as lemon balms, coconuts, orange bell peppers, allspices, and pepper (c. annuum). This could make heptadecane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. In the IUPAC nomenclature, the name of this compound is simply heptadecane, since the other isomers are viewed and named as alkyl-substituted versions of smaller alkanes. The unbranched isomer is normal or n-heptadecane, CH3(CH2)15CH3. Indeed, it is believed to be the smallest "impossible" alkane. Heptadecane, also known as ch3-[ch2]15-ch3, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, heptadecane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Heptadecane is an alkane tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as papaya, orange bell pepper, pepper (spice), and red bell pepper, which makes heptadecane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Heptadecane can be found primarily in saliva. The unbranched isomer is normal or n-heptadecane, CH3(CH2)15CH3. In the IUPAC nomenclature, the name of this compound is simply heptadecane, since the other isomers are viewed and named as alkyl-substituted versions of smaller alkanes .
Heptanal
Heptanal, also known as enanthal or N-heptaldehyde, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain aldehydes. These are an aldehyde with a chain length containing between 6 and 12 carbon atoms. Thus, heptanal is considered to be a fatty aldehyde lipid molecule. It is a colourless liquid with a strong fruity odor, which is used as precursor to components in perfumes and lubricants. Heptanal is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Heptanal exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Heptanal is an aldehydic, citrus, and fat tasting compound. heptanal is found, on average, in the highest concentration in a few different foods, such as corns, tea, and sweet oranges and in a lower concentration in lemons, wild carrots, and carrots. heptanal has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as horned melons, common beets, dills, red bell peppers, and malus (crab apple). This could make heptanal a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. The formation of heptanal in the fractional distillation of castor oil was already described in 1878. The large-scale production is based on the pyrolytic cleavage of ricinoleic acid ester (Arkema method) and on the hydroformylation of 1-hexene with rhodium 2-ethylhexanoate as a catalyst upon addition of some 2-ethylhexanoic acid (Oxea method):Heptanal naturally occurs in the essential oils of ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata), clary sage (Salvia sclarea), lemon (Citrus x limon), bitter orange (Citrus x aurantium), rose (Rosa) and hyacinth (Hyacinthus). Heptanal is a potentially toxic compound. Heptanal has been found to be associated with several diseases such as ulcerative colitis, crohns disease, uremia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; also heptanal has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including celiac disease. The compound has a flash point of 39.5 °C. The explosion range is between 1.1\\% by volume as the lower explosion limit (LEL) and 5.2\\% by volume as the upper explosion limit. Heptanal or heptanaldehyde is an alkyl aldehyde. Full hydrogenation provides the branched primary alcohol 2-pentylnonan-1-ol, also accessible from the Guerbet reaction from heptanol. A by-product of the given reaction is the unpleasant rancid smelling (Z)-2-pentyl-2-nonenal. Heptanal forms flammable vapor-air mixtures. Heptanal is a flammable, slightly volatile colorless liquid of pervasive fruity to oily-greasy odor, which is miscible with alcohols and practically insoluble in water. Heptanal reacts with benzaldehyde in a Knoevenagel reaction under basic catalysis with high yield and selectivity (> 90\\%) to alpha-pentylcinnamaldehyde (also called jasmine aldehyde because of the typical jasmine odor), which is mostly used in many fragrances as a cis/trans isomer mixture. Found in essential oils of ylang-ylang, clary sage, California orange, bitter orange and others. Flavouring agent
1-Nonanol
1-Nonanol is found in citrus. 1-Nonanol is widespread in nature. 1-Nonanol occurs in oils of orange, citronella and lemon. Also found in cheese, prickly pears and bread. 1-Nonanol is a straight chain fatty alcohol with nine carbon atoms and the molecular formula CH3(CH2)8OH. It is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a citrus odor similar to citronella oil Widespread in nature. Occurs in oils of orange, citronella and lemonand is also found in cheese, prickly pears and bread. Flavouring agent
2-Phenylethanol
2-Phenylethanol, also known as benzeneethanol or benzyl carbinol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzene and substituted derivatives. These are aromatic compounds containing one monocyclic ring system consisting of benzene. 2-Phenylethanol exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. 2-Phenylethanol is a bitter, floral, and honey tasting compound. 2-Phenylethanol is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as red wines, black walnuts, and white wines and in a lower concentration in grape wines, sweet basils, and peppermints. 2-Phenylethanol has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as asparagus, allspices, fruits, horned melons, and lemons. 2-Phenylethanol, with regard to humans, has been found to be associated with several diseases such as ulcerative colitis, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, and autism. 2-phenylethanol has also been linked to the inborn metabolic disorder celiac disease. A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2. Flavouring ingredient. Component of ylang-ylang oil. 2-Phenylethanol is found in many foods, some of which are hickory nut, arrowhead, allspice, and nance. C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C28394 - Topical Anti-Infective Agent D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D010592 - Pharmaceutic Aids D004202 - Disinfectants 2-Phenylethanol (Phenethyl alcohol), extracted from rose, carnation, hyacinth, Aleppo pine, orange blossom and other organisms, is a colourless liquid. It has a pleasant floral odor and also an autoantibiotic produced by the fungus Candida albicans[1]. It is used as an additive in cigarettes and also used as a preservative in soaps due to its stability in basic conditions. 2-Phenylethanol (Phenethyl alcohol), extracted from rose, carnation, hyacinth, Aleppo pine, orange blossom and other organisms, is a colourless liquid. It has a pleasant floral odor and also an autoantibiotic produced by the fungus Candida albicans[1]. It is used as an additive in cigarettes and also used as a preservative in soaps due to its stability in basic conditions.
Dimethylsulfide
Dimethylsulfide is the predominant volatile sulfur compound (VSC) in breadth malodor, a metabolite of suplatast tosilate (a dimethylsulphonium compound for the treatment of asthma) in patients that regularly take that medication. (PMID 14628896). Dimethylsulfide is a sulfur containing organic chemical compound with a disagreeable odor. In vapor form it is produced by cooking of certain vegetables, notably corn and cabbage, and seafood. It is also an indication of bacterial infection in malt production and brewing. It is a breakdown product of dimethylsulfoniopropionate, and is also produced by the bacterial metabolism of methanethiol. Dimethylsulfide in concentrated liquid form is insoluble and a flammable. This is a microbial metabolite that can be found in Bradyrhizobium, Cyanothece, Escherichia, Pseudomonas and Rhizobiaceae (PMID:25807229). Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) or methylthiomethane is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2S. Dimethyl sulfide is a water-insoluble flammable liquid that boils at 37 °C (99 °F) and has a characteristic disagreeable odor. It is a component of the smell produced from cooking of certain vegetables, notably maize, cabbage, beetroot and seafoods. It is also an indication of bacterial infection in malt production and brewing. It is a breakdown product of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and is also produced by the bacterial metabolism of methanethiol. Dimethyl sulfide is found in many foods, some of which are soft-necked garlic, chives, spearmint, and potato.
Ethanol
Ethanol is a clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in alcoholic beverages. Indeed, ethanol has widespread use as a solvent of substances intended for human contact or consumption, including scents, flavorings, colorings, and medicines. Ethanol has a depressive effect on the central nervous system and because of its psychoactive effects, it is considered a drug. Ethanol has a complex mode of action and affects multiple systems in the brain, most notably it acts as an agonist to the GABA receptors. Death from ethanol consumption is possible when blood alcohol level reaches 0.4\\%. A blood level of 0.5\\% or more is commonly fatal. Levels of even less than 0.1\\% can cause intoxication, with unconsciousness often occurring at 0.3-0.4 \\%. Ethanol is metabolized by the body as an energy-providing carbohydrate nutrient, as it metabolizes into acetyl CoA, an intermediate common with glucose metabolism, that can be used for energy in the citric acid cycle or for biosynthesis. Ethanol within the human body is converted into acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and then into acetic acid by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. The product of the first step of this breakdown, acetaldehyde, is more toxic than ethanol. Acetaldehyde is linked to most of the clinical effects of alcohol. It has been shown to increase the risk of developing cirrhosis of the liver,[77] multiple forms of cancer, and alcoholism. Industrially, ethanol is produced both as a petrochemical, through the hydration of ethylene, and biologically, by fermenting sugars with yeast. Small amounts of ethanol are endogenously produced by gut microflora through anaerobic fermentation. However most ethanol detected in biofluids and tissues likely comes from consumption of alcoholic beverages. Absolute ethanol or anhydrous alcohol generally refers to purified ethanol, containing no more than one percent water. Absolute alcohol is not intended for human consumption. It often contains trace amounts of toxic benzene (used to remove water by azeotropic distillation). Consumption of this form of ethanol can be fatal over a short time period. Generally absolute or pure ethanol is used as a solvent for lab and industrial settings where water will disrupt a desired reaction. Pure ethanol is classed as 200 proof in the USA and Canada, equivalent to 175 degrees proof in the UK system. Ethanol is a general biomarker for the consumption of alcohol. Ethanol is also a metabolite of Hansenula and Saccharomyces (PMID: 14613880) (https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0079635206800470/1-s2.0-S0079635206800470-main.pdf?_tid=4d340044-3230-4141-88dd-deec4d2e35bd&acdnat=1550288012_0c4a20fe963843426147979d376cf624). Intoxicating constituent of all alcoholic beverages. It is used as a solvent and vehicle for food dressings and flavourings. Antimicrobial agent, e.g for pizza crusts prior to baking. extraction solvent for foodstuffs. Widely distributed in fruits and other foods V - Various > V03 - All other therapeutic products > V03A - All other therapeutic products > V03AZ - Nerve depressants V - Various > V03 - All other therapeutic products > V03A - All other therapeutic products > V03AB - Antidotes D - Dermatologicals > D08 - Antiseptics and disinfectants > D08A - Antiseptics and disinfectants D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D012997 - Solvents
2,6-Dimethylocta-3,7-diene-1,6-diol
2,6-dimethylocta-3,7-diene-1,6-diol, also known as (6e)-8-hydroxylinalool, is a member of the class of compounds known as acyclic monoterpenoids. Acyclic monoterpenoids are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. Thus, 2,6-dimethylocta-3,7-diene-1,6-diol is considered to be a fatty alcohol lipid molecule. 2,6-dimethylocta-3,7-diene-1,6-diol is slightly soluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 2,6-dimethylocta-3,7-diene-1,6-diol can be found in ginger, which makes 2,6-dimethylocta-3,7-diene-1,6-diol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Dimethyldisulfide
Dimethyldisulfide is a volatile organic compound. Methyl disulfide is occasionally found as a volatile component of normal human breath and biofluids. Dimethyldisulfide is one of the representative volatile components found in oral malodor. Dimethyldisulfide concentrations in breath is a practical noninvasive way to assess recent exposure to sulfur compounds in sulfate pulp mills, and therefore it should be applicable to workplaces contaminated. (PMID: 5556886, 14691119, 11236158, 8481097). Isolated from garlic oil (Allium sativum), also in onion (Allium cepa), ramsons (Allium ursinum), morello cherry, melon, pineapple, strawberry, wheat bread, cocoa, roasted barley, roasted filberts, roasted peanuts, crispbread, American potato chips, soybean and other foodstuffs. Flavouring ingredient.
Rugosin D
Methyleugenol
Methyleugenol, also known as 4-allylveratrole or eugenol methyl, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dimethoxybenzenes. These are organic aromatic compounds containing a monocyclic benzene moiety carrying exactly two methoxy groups. FDA noted the action was despite its continuing stance that this substance does not pose a risk to public health under the conditions of its intended use. Methyleugenol is a sweet, anise, and apricot tasting compound. Methyleugenol is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as allspices, tarragons, and sweet bay and in a lower concentration in sweet basils, rosemaries, and hyssops. Methyleugenol has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as soy beans, evergreen blackberries, muskmelons, citrus, and pomes. This could make methyleugenol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. As of October 2018, the US FDA withdrew authorization for the use of methyl eugenol as a synthetic flavoring substance for use in food because petitioners provided data demonstrating that these additives induce cancer in laboratory animals. Methyleugenol is formally rated as a possible carcinogen (by IARC 2B) and is also a potentially toxic compound. Methyl eugenol (allylveratrol) is a natural chemical compound classified as a phenylpropene, a type of phenylpropanoid. It is the methyl ether of eugenol and is important to insect behavior and pollination. Their ability to attract insects, particularly Bactrocera fruit flies was first noticed in 1915 by F. M. Howlett. The compound may have evolved in response to pathogens, as methyl eugenol has some antifungal activity. Methyl eugenol is found in a number of plants (over 450 species from 80 families including both angiosperm and gymnosperm families) and has a role in attracting pollinators. About 350 plant species have them as a component of floral fragrance. Methyleugenol is a clear colorless to pale yellow liquid with a spicy earthy odor. Bitter burning taste. (NTP, 1992) O-methyleugenol is a phenylpropanoid. It is functionally related to a eugenol. Methyleugenol is a natural product found in Vitis rotundifolia, Elettaria cardamomum, and other organisms with data available. Methyleugenol is a yellowish, oily, naturally occurring liquid with a clove-like aroma and is present in many essential oils. Methyleugenol is used as a flavoring agent, as a fragrance and as an anesthetic in rodents. Methyleugenol is mutagenic in animals and is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on evidence of carcinogenicity in animals. (NCI05) Methyleugenol is found in allspice. Methyleugenol is present in many essential oils, e.g. nutmeg, mace and also many fruits, e.g. apple, banana, orange juice or peel, grapefruit, bilberryMethyleugenol has been shown to exhibit anti-nociceptive function (A7914).Methyleugenol belongs to the family of Anisoles. These are organic compounds contaiing a methoxybenzene or a derivative thereof. Present in many essential oils, e.g. nutmeg, mace and also many fruits, e.g. apple, banana, orange juice or peel, grapefruit, bilberry. Methyleugenol is found in many foods, some of which are wild carrot, sweet basil, citrus, and fruits. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens Methyl Eugenol, a phenylpropanoid chemical in leaves, fruits, stems, and/or roots, may be released when that corresponding part of a plant is damaged as a result of feeding by an herbivore. Methyl Eugenol is used for male annihilation of the oriental fruit fly[1]. Methyl Eugenol is a bait that has oral activity against oriental fruit fly (Hendel).Methyl Eugenol has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Methyl Eugenol can induce Autophagy in cells. Methyl Eugenol can be used in the study of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury[1][2][3]. Methyl Eugenol, a phenylpropanoid chemical in leaves, fruits, stems, and/or roots, may be released when that corresponding part of a plant is damaged as a result of feeding by an herbivore. Methyl Eugenol is used for male annihilation of the oriental fruit fly[1].
Quercetin 7-glucoside
Quercetin 7-glucoside, also known as quercimeritrin, is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-7-o-glycosides. Flavonoid-7-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to carbohydrate moiety at the C7-position. Quercetin 7-glucoside is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Quercetin 7-glucoside can be found in a number of food items such as roman camomile, okra, dandelion, and cottonseed, which makes quercetin 7-glucoside a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1]. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1].
Tricosane
N-tricosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]21-ch3, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, N-tricosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. N-tricosane is an alkane and waxy tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as kohlrabi, papaya, coconut, and ginkgo nuts, which makes N-tricosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. N-tricosane can be found primarily in saliva. The term higher alkanes is sometimes used literally as "alkanes with a higher number of carbon atoms". One definition distinguishes the higher alkanes as the n-alkanes that are solid under natural conditions . Tricosane belongs to the class of organic compounds known as acyclic alkanes. These are acyclic hydrocarbons consisting only of n carbon atoms and m hydrogen atoms where m=2*n + 2.
(S)-Carvone
Carvone, with R and S isomers, also known as carvol or limonen-6-one, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as menthane monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids with a structure based on the o-, m-, or p-menthane backbone. p-Menthane consists of the cyclohexane ring with a methyl group and a (2-methyl)-propyl group at the 1 and 4 ring position, respectively. The o- and m-menthanes are much rarer, and presumably arise by alkyl migration of p-menthanes. Carvone is a neutral compound. Carvone is a naturally occurring organic compound found in many essential oils but is most abundant in the oils from caraway seeds (Carum carvi), spearmint (Mentha spicata), and dill (PMID:27427817). Carvone is occasionally found as a component of biological fluids in normal individuals. Both carvones (R, S) are used in the food and flavor industry (http//doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.01.003). R-carvone is also used in air freshening products and in essential oils used in aromatherapy and alternative medicine. Caraway was used for medicinal purposes by the ancient Romans, but carvone was probably not isolated as a pure compound until Varrentrapp obtained it in 1841 (PMID:5556886 , 2477620 ). Carvone may help in the management of diseases (PMID:30374904) and had been considered as an adjuvant for treatment of cancer patients (PMID:30087792) and patients with epilepsy (PMID:31239862). It also has been successfully used as a biopesticide (PMID:30250476). D-carvone appears as pale yellow or colorless liquid. (NTP, 1992) (+)-carvone is a carvone having (S) configuration. It is an enantiomer of a (-)-carvone. d-Carvone is a natural product found in Xylopia aromatica, Xylopia sericea, and other organisms with data available. See also: Caraway Oil (part of). A carvone having (S) configuration.
Trifolin
Kaempferol 3-o-beta-d-galactopyranoside, also known as trifolin or trifolioside, is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-3-o-glycosides. Flavonoid-3-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to carbohydrate moiety at the C3-position. Kaempferol 3-o-beta-d-galactopyranoside is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Kaempferol 3-o-beta-d-galactopyranoside can be found in horseradish, which makes kaempferol 3-o-beta-d-galactopyranoside a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-galactoside is a beta-D-galactoside compound with a 4,5,7-trihydroxychromen-3-yl group at the anomeric position. It has a role as a plant metabolite and an antifungal agent. It is a beta-D-galactoside, a monosaccharide derivative, a glycosyloxyflavone and a trihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a kaempferol. It is a conjugate acid of a kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-galactoside(1-). Trifolin is a natural product found in Lotus ucrainicus, Saxifraga tricuspidata, and other organisms with data available. Isoastragalin is found in fats and oils. Isoastragalin is isolated from Gossypium hirsutum (cotton) and other plant species. A beta-D-galactoside compound with a 4,5,7-trihydroxychromen-3-yl group at the anomeric position.
cis-Citral
Neral, also known as cis-citral or citral b, is a member of the class of compounds known as acyclic monoterpenoids. Acyclic monoterpenoids are monoterpenes that do not contain a cycle. Thus, neral is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Neral is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Neral is a sweet, citral, and lemon tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as oval-leaf huckleberry, lime, onion-family vegetables, and biscuit, which makes neral a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Neral may refer to: An isomer of Citral Neral, India, a town in Raigad district in the Indian state of Maharashtra Neral railway station A Romulan from Star Trek . cis-Citral, also known as neural or citral B, is the Z-isomer of the terpenoid citral. Citral is found in carrot.
L-Citronellol
L-Citronellol is found in herbs and spices, as well as bilberry. L-Citronellol is a constituent of geranium and citronella oils, and is obtained mainly from geranium oil or synthetically. Citronellol occurs in many essential oils, usually as a partial racemate. It is used as a flavour in citrus compositions. Citronellol, or dihydrogeraniol, is a natural acyclic monoterpenoid. Both enantiomers occur in nature. L-Citronellol is found in the oils of rose (18-55\\%) and Pelargonium geraniums. (Wikipedia) Constituent of geranium and citronella oils. L-Citronellol is found in herbs and spices.
(R)-3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol
(R)-3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol is found in coriander. (R)-3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol is a constituent of many essential oils including Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), rose, neroli and lavender. (R)-3,7-Dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol is a major component of oil of field mint (Mentha arvensis) Constituent of many essential oils including Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), rose, neroli and lavender. Major component of oil of field mint (Mentha arvensis). L-Linalool is found in many foods, some of which are tea, cumin, pummelo, and coriander.
Pinene
Pinene (is a bicyclic monoterpene chemical compound. There are two structural isomers of pinene found in nature: alpha-pinene and beta-pinene. As the name suggests, both forms are important constituents of pine resin; they are also found in the resins of many other conifers, as well as in non-coniferous plants. Both isomers are used by many insects in their chemical communication system.
Kaempferol_7-O-glucoside
Kaempferol 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside is a kaempferol O-glucoside that is kaempferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a metabolite, a radical scavenger and a plant metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a kaempferol O-glucoside, a monosaccharide derivative, a trihydroxyflavone and a member of flavonols. It is functionally related to a beta-D-glucose. kaempferol 7-O-glucoside is a natural product found in Lotus ucrainicus, Aconitum variegatum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Ginkgo (part of). A kaempferol O-glucoside that is kaempferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.
Lysionotin
Nevadensin is a trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6, 8 and 4 and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a trimethoxyflavone and a dihydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a flavone. It is a conjugate acid of a nevadensin-7-olate. Nevadensin is a natural product found in Calanticaria bicolor, Gardenia resinifera, and other organisms with data available. A trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6, 8 and 4 and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 respectively. Nevadensin is a naturally occurring selective inhibitor of human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1) with an IC50 of 2.64 μM. Nevadensin has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis activities, antitussive, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive[1][2]. Nevadensin is a naturally occurring selective inhibitor of human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1) with an IC50 of 2.64 μM. Nevadensin has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis activities, antitussive, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive[1][2].
p-Menthan-3-ol
P-menthan-3-ol is any secondary alcohol that is one of the eight possible diastereoisomers of 5-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-ol. It has a role as a volatile oil component. It is a p-menthane monoterpenoid and a secondary alcohol. Menthol is a natural product found in Chaerophyllum macrospermum, Mesosphaerum sidifolium, and other organisms with data available. Menthol is an organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or mint oils with flavoring and local anesthetic properties. When added to pharmaceuticals and foods, menthol functions as a fortifier for peppermint flavors. It also has a counterirritant effect on skin and mucous membranes, thereby producing a local analgesic or anesthetic effect. Menthol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils. p-Menthan-3-ol is found in herbs and spices. p-Menthan-3-ol is found in many essential oils.Menthol is an organic compound made synthetically or obtained from peppermint or other mint oils. Natural menthol exists as one pure stereoisomer, nearly always the (1R,2S,5R) form ((-)-menthol). There are 8 possible stereoisomers. (Wikipedia Any secondary alcohol that is one of the eight possible diastereoisomers of 5-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexan-1-ol. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics Found in many essential oils DL-Menthol is a relative configuration of (-)-Menthol. DL-Menthol relates to the activation of GABAA receptor[1]. DL-Menthol is a relative configuration of (-)-Menthol. DL-Menthol relates to the activation of GABAA receptor[1]. DL-Menthol is a relative configuration of (-)-Menthol. DL-Menthol relates to the activation of GABAA receptor[1]. Menthol is a natural analgesic compound. Menthol could cause a feeling of coolness due to stimulation of ‘cold’ receptors by inhibiting Ca++ currents of neuronal membranes[1]. Menthol is a natural analgesic compound. Menthol could cause a feeling of coolness due to stimulation of ‘cold’ receptors by inhibiting Ca++ currents of neuronal membranes[1].
Quercetin 3-O-diglucoside
Quercetin 3-gentiobioside is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-3-o-glycosides. Flavonoid-3-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to carbohydrate moiety at the C3-position. Quercetin 3-gentiobioside is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Quercetin 3-gentiobioside can be found in guava, opium poppy, and soy bean, which makes quercetin 3-gentiobioside a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Quercetin 3-beta-gentiobioside is a quercetin O-glycoside in which the hydroxy hydrogen at position 3 of quercetin has been replaced by a gentiobiosyl group. It has a role as a Brassica napus metabolite. It is a quercetin O-glycoside, a disaccharide derivative and a tetrahydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a gentiobiose. Quercetin 3-gentiobioside is a natural product found in Senegalia pennata, Vachellia tortilis, and other organisms with data available. A quercetin O-glycoside in which the hydroxy hydrogen at position 3 of quercetin has been replaced by a gentiobiosyl group. Quercetin 3-gentiobioside is isolated from A. iwayomogi, AR and AGE formation inhibitor, demonstrates biological activities against Aldose reductase (AR) and the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)[1]. Quercetin 3-gentiobioside is isolated from A. iwayomogi, AR and AGE formation inhibitor, demonstrates biological activities against Aldose reductase (AR) and the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)[1].
beta-Damascenone
Beta-damascenone is a cyclic monoterpene ketone that is 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene substituted at position 1 by a crotonoyl group. It has a role as a fragrance, a volatile oil component and a plant metabolite. It is an enone, an apo carotenoid monoterpenoid and a cyclic monoterpene ketone. Damascenone is a natural product found in Vitis rotundifolia, Vitis labrusca, and other organisms with data available. 1-[2,6,6-Trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadien-1-yl]-2-buten-1-one is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. trans-beta-damascenone is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Damascenones are a series of closely related chemical compounds that are components of a variety of essential oils. The damascenones belong to a family of chemicals known as rose ketones, which also includes damascones and ionones. beta-Damascenone is a major contributor to the aroma of roses, despite its very low concentration, and is an important fragrance chemical used in perfumery. [Wikipedia] From Rosa damascena and many other sources. 3,5,8-Megastigmatrien-7-one is found in many foods, some of which are herbs and spices, tea, common grape, and green vegetables. A cyclic monoterpene ketone that is 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene substituted at position 1 by a crotonoyl group. Damascenone ((E/Z)-Damascenone) is an active compound of?Epipremnum pinnatum with anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Damascenone is a mixture complex of?E-isomer-Damascenone and Z-isomer Damascenone. Damascenone ((E/Z)-Damascenone) is an active compound of?Epipremnum pinnatum with anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Damascenone is a mixture complex of?E-isomer-Damascenone and Z-isomer Damascenone.
Pentacosane
Constituent of many naturally occurring waxes. A colorless solid at ambient conditions. Pentacosane is an alkane consisting of an unbranched chain of 25 carbon atoms. It has a role as a semiochemical and a plant metabolite. Pentacosane is a natural product found in Cryptotermes brevis, Erucaria microcarpa, and other organisms with data available. See also: Moringa oleifera leaf oil (part of). An alkane consisting of an unbranched chain of 25 carbon atoms. Pentacosane is one of the major components in the acetone extract from Curcuma raktakanda and is also in the essential oil from the leaves of Malus domestica. Pentacosane exhibit anti-cancer activities[1]. Pentacosane is one of the major components in the acetone extract from Curcuma raktakanda and is also in the essential oil from the leaves of Malus domestica. Pentacosane exhibit anti-cancer activities[1].
Docosane
N-docosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]20-ch3 or dokosan, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, N-docosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. N-docosane is an alkane and waxy tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as lemon balm, linden, allspice, and sunflower, which makes N-docosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. N-docosane can be found primarily in saliva. The term higher alkanes is sometimes used literally as "alkanes with a higher number of carbon atoms". One definition distinguishes the higher alkanes as the n-alkanes that are solid under natural conditions . Docosane, also known as CH3-[CH2]20-CH3 or dokosan, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Docosane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Thus, docosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Docosane is an alkane and waxy tasting compound. Docosane is found, on average, in the highest concentration within lemon balms. Docosane has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as allspices, lindens, papaya, and sunflowers. This could make docosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. A straight-chain alkane with 22 carbon atoms. N-docosane is a solid. Insoluble in water. Used in organic synthesis, calibration, and temperature sensing equipment. Docosane is a straight-chain alkane with 22 carbon atoms. It has a role as a plant metabolite. Docosane is a natural product found in Lonicera japonica, Erucaria microcarpa, and other organisms with data available. See also: Moringa oleifera leaf oil (part of). A straight-chain alkane with 22 carbon atoms. Docosane, a straight chain alkane, can be used to synthesize structural composites with thermal energy storage/release capability[1][2]. Docosane, a straight chain alkane, can be used to synthesize structural composites with thermal energy storage/release capability[1][2].
Heneicosane
Heneicosane, also known as CH3-[CH2]19-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, heneicosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Heneicosane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Heneicosane is an alkane and waxy tasting compound. Heneicosane is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as black elderberries, common oregano, and lemon balms. Heneicosane has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as sunflowers, kohlrabis, orange bell peppers, lindens, and pepper (c. annuum). This could make heneicosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. An alkane that has 21 carbons and a straight-chain structure. Heneicosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]19-ch3, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, heneicosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Heneicosane is an alkane and waxy tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as orange bell pepper, yellow bell pepper, lemon balm, and pepper (c. annuum), which makes heneicosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Heneicosane can be found primarily in saliva. The term higher alkanes is sometimes used literally as "alkanes with a higher number of carbon atoms". One definition distinguishes the higher alkanes as the n-alkanes that are solid under natural conditions . Crystals. (NTP, 1992) Henicosane is an alkane that has 21 carbons and a straight-chain structure. It has been isolated from plants like Periploca laevigata and Carthamus tinctorius. It has a role as a pheromone, a plant metabolite and a volatile oil component. Heneicosane is a natural product found in Erucaria microcarpa, Microcystis aeruginosa, and other organisms with data available. See also: Moringa oleifera leaf oil (part of). An alkane that has 21 carbons and a straight-chain structure. It has been isolated from plants like Periploca laevigata and Carthamus tinctorius. Heneicosane is an aroma component isolated from Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 or Serapias cordigera. Heneicosane is a pheromone and inhibits aflatoxin production[1][2][3]. Heneicosane is an aroma component isolated from Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 or Serapias cordigera. Heneicosane is a pheromone and inhibits aflatoxin production[1][2][3].
2-Phenylethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside
2-Phenylethyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside is found in alcoholic beverages. 2-Phenylethyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside is isolated from Riesling grapes. 2-Phenylethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside is a constituent of Rosa damascena bulgaria (damask rose) and Vitis vinifera (wine grape).
1-Hexanol
1-Hexanol is an organic alcohol with a six carbon chain and a condensed structural formula of CH3(CH2)5OH. This colorless liquid is slightly soluble in water, but miscible with ether and ethanol. Two additional straight chain isomers of 1-hexanol exist, 2-hexanol and 3-hexanol, both of which differ by the location of the hydroxyl group. Many isomeric alcohols have the formula C6H13OH. 1-hexanol is believed to be a component of the odour of freshly mowed grass. It is used in the perfume industry and as a flavouring agent. 1-Hexanol is found in many foods, some of which are lemon, tea, yellow bell pepper, and hyssop. 1-Hexanol is a common constituent of essential oils (e.g. orange peel oil). 1-Hexanol is an organic alcohol with a six carbon chain and a condensed structural formula of CH3(CH2)5OH. This colorless liquid is slightly soluble in water, but miscible with ether and ethanol. Two additional straight chain isomers of 1-hexanol exist, 2-hexanol and 3-hexanol, both of which differ by the location of the hydroxyl group. Many isomeric alcohols have the formula C6H13OH. 1-hexanol is believed to be a component of the odour of freshly mown grass. It is used in the perfume industry. D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists
Pentanal
Pentanal, also known as N-valeraldehyde or amyl aldehyde, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha-hydro gen aldehydes. These are aldehydes with the general formula HC(H)(R)C(=O)H, where R is an organyl group. Pentanal is a saturated fatty aldehyde composed from five carbons in a straight chain. Thus, pentanal is considered to be a fatty aldehyde lipid molecule. Pentanal is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Pentanal is an almond, berry, and bready tasting compound. Pentanal is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as black walnuts, milk (cow), and carrots and in a lower concentration in corns, tortilla, and safflowers. Pentanal has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as crustaceans, garden tomato, herbs and spices, and guava. This could make pentanal a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Found in olive oil and several essential oilsand is also present in Bantu beer, plum brandy, cardamom, coriander leaf, rice, Bourbon vanilla, clary sage, cooked shrimps, scallops, apple, banana, sweet cherry, blackcurrant and other foods.
Quercimeritrin
Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1]. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1].
(S)-p-Menth-1-en-4-ol
(S)-p-Menth-1-en-4-ol occurs in many essential oils, e.g. lavende Occurs in many essential oils, e.g. lavender Terpinen-4-ol (4-Carvomenthenol), a naturally occurring monoterpene, is the main bioactive component of tea-tree oil. Terpinen-4-ol suppresses inflammatory mediator production by activated human monocytes. Terpinen-4-ol significantly enhances the effect of several chemotherapeutic and biological agents[1][2][3]. Terpinen-4-ol (4-Carvomenthenol), a naturally occurring monoterpene, is the main bioactive component of tea-tree oil. Terpinen-4-ol suppresses inflammatory mediator production by activated human monocytes. Terpinen-4-ol significantly enhances the effect of several chemotherapeutic and biological agents[1][2][3].
Lignocerane
Lignocerane, also known as CH3-[CH2]22-CH3 or N-tetracosane, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Lignocerane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Thus, lignocerane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Lignocerane has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as lindens, citrus, sunflowers, allspices, and papaya. Isolated from plant sources e.g. rose and orange oils
Rose oxide
Flavouring ingredient. Rose oxide is found in many foods, some of which are peppermint, ginger, lemon balm, and black elderberry. Rose oxide is found in black elderberry. Rose oxide is a flavouring ingredien
Tsangane L 3-glucoside
Tsangane L 3-glucoside is isolated from sloe tree leaves (Prunus spinosa). Potential aroma compound. Isolated from sloe tree leaves (Prunus spinosa). Potential aroma compound
3-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)thiophene
3-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)thiophene is found in alcoholic beverages. 3-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)thiophene is a constituent of hops. Constituent of hops. 3-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)thiophene is found in alcoholic beverages.
Hexacosane
Hexacosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]24-ch3, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, hexacosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Hexacosane can be found in a number of food items such as black elderberry, sunflower, papaya, and sweet cherry, which makes hexacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Hexacosane can be found primarily in saliva. The term higher alkanes is sometimes used literally as "alkanes with a higher number of carbon atoms". One definition distinguishes the higher alkanes as the n-alkanes that are solid under natural conditions . Hexacosane, also known as CH3-[CH2]24-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, hexacosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Hexacosane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Hexacosane has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as peachs, sunflowers, parsnips, coconuts, and papaya. This could make hexacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. A straight-chain alkane comprising of 26 carbon atoms.
5-Megastigmen-7-yne-3,9-diol 9-glucoside
5-Megastigmen-7-yne-3,9-diol 9-glucoside is found in alcoholic beverages. 5-Megastigmen-7-yne-3,9-diol 9-glucoside is a constituent of Riesling wine and Rose petals. Constituent of Riesling wine and Rose petals. 5-Megastigmen-7-yne-3,9-diol 9-glucoside is found in alcoholic beverages.
9-Hentriacontanone
9-Hentriacontanone is found in coffee and coffee products. 9-Hentriacontanone is a constituent of the waxes of coffee leaves and rose flowers
Nonadecane
Nonadecane, also known as CH3-[CH2]17-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Nonadecane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Thus, nonadecane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Nonadecane is an alkane and bland tasting compound. nonadecane has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as pomes, watermelons, yellow bell peppers, allspices, and papaya. This could make nonadecane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Nonadecane has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including celiac disease. Isolated from apple wax. Nonadecane is found in many foods, some of which are pepper (c. annuum), red bell pepper, papaya, and dill.
Eicosane
Eicosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]18-ch3 or octyldodecane, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, eicosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Eicosane is an alkane and waxy tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as linden, papaya, dill, and lemon balm, which makes eicosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Eicosane can be found primarily in feces and saliva. Icosanes size, state or chemical inactivity does not exclude it from the traits its smaller alkane counterparts have. It is a colorless, non-polar molecule, nearly unreactive except when it burns. It is less dense than and insoluble in water. Its non-polar trait means it can only perform weak intermolecular bonding (hydrophobic/van der Waals forces) . Eicosane, also known as CH3-[CH2]18-CH3 or octyldodecane, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Eicosane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Thus, eicosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Eicosane is an alkane and waxy tasting compound. Eicosane is found, on average, in the highest concentration within lemon balms. Eicosane has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as allspices, papaya, coconuts, lindens, and hyssops. This could make eicosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. These are acyclic hydrocarbons consisting only of n carbon atoms and m hydrogen atoms where m=2*n + 2.
Octadecane
Octadecane, also known as CH3-[CH2]16-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Octadecane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Thus, octadecane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Octadecane is an alkane tasting compound. Octadecane has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as papaya, corianders, sunflowers, kohlrabis, and parsnips. Found in hop oil and other plant sources. Isolated from Piper longum (long pepper). Octadecane is an alkane that is used to store thermal energy at ambient temperature as a phase change material[1].
Citronellyl acetate
Citronellyl acetate is used as a food additive [EAFUS] ("EAFUS: Everything Added to Food in the United States. [http://www.eafus.com/]") It is used as a food additive Citronellyl acetate is a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, with antinociceptive activity. Citronellyl acetate exhibits pro-apoptotic activity in human hepatoma cells. Citronellyl acetate shows fungicidal, larvicidal, bactericidal and repelling/insecticidal effects[1]. Citronellyl acetate is a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, with antinociceptive activity. Citronellyl acetate exhibits pro-apoptotic activity in human hepatoma cells. Citronellyl acetate shows fungicidal, larvicidal, bactericidal and repelling/insecticidal effects[1].
Kaempferol 7-O-glucoside
7-Glucosyl-luteolin
Afzelin
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-4h-chromen-4-one is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-3-o-glycosides. Flavonoid-3-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to carbohydrate moiety at the C3-position. 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-4h-chromen-4-one is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-4h-chromen-4-one can be found in a number of food items such as endive, linden, peach, and ginkgo nuts, which makes 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-4h-chromen-4-one a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside)It is a flavonol glycoside that has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress response, anti-apoptotic, and anti-cardiac cytotoxic effects. AfzelinIt can reduce mitochondrial damage, enhance mitochondrial biosynthesis, and reduce mitochondria-related proteins. Parkinand PTENinduced putative kinase 1 (putative kinase 1)s level. AfzelinCan be improved D-galactosamine(GalN)/LPSSurvival rate of mice treated with doxorubicin prophylaxis (HY-15142A)Induced cardiotoxicity and scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced neurological injury. AfzelinAlso inhibits asthma and allergies caused by ovalbumin[1][2][3][4]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1].
Heptacosane
Heptacosane, also known as CH3-[CH2]25-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2, and consist entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, heptacosane is a hydrocarbon lipid molecule, is very hydrophobic, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Heptacosane has been detected in avocado, sunflowers, peachs, sweet cherries, and wild carrots. This could make heptacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Heptacosane, in addition to other flavonoids, alkaloids and sugars, extracted from the root of Trichosanthes dioica, exhibited antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis and Bacillus subtilis http://www.phytojournal.com/archives/?year=2016&vol=5&issue=5&part=F&ArticleId=985 Heptacosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]25-ch3, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, heptacosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Heptacosane can be found in a number of food items such as wild carrot, linden, sweet cherry, and papaya, which makes heptacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. The term higher alkanes is sometimes used literally as "alkanes with a higher number of carbon atoms". One definition distinguishes the higher alkanes as the n-alkanes that are solid under natural conditions .
Hex-3-en-1-al
Cis-Hex-3-en-1-ol or (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol, also known as (3Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol or leaf alcohol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty alcohols. These are aliphatic alcohols consisting of a chain of a least six carbon atoms. Thus, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol is considered to be a fatty alcohol lipid molecule. (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. It is a colorless oily Liquid with an intense grassy-green odor of freshly cut green grass and leaves. Cis-Hex-3-en-1-ol is produced in small amounts by most plants and it acts as an attractant to many predatory insects. Cis-3-Hexen-1-ol is a very important aroma compound that is used in fruit and vegetable flavors and in perfumes. Hex-3-en-1-al, also known as 3-hexen-1-ol or cis-3-hexenol, is a member of the class of compounds known as fatty alcohols. Fatty alcohols are aliphatic alcohols consisting of a chain of a least six carbon atoms. Hex-3-en-1-al is soluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Hex-3-en-1-al can be found in burdock, which makes hex-3-en-1-al a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
N-Pentacosane
Pentacosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]23-ch3, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, pentacosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Pentacosane can be found in a number of food items such as ginkgo nuts, papaya, black elderberry, and cardamom, which makes pentacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. The term higher alkanes is sometimes used literally as "alkanes with a higher number of carbon atoms". One definition distinguishes the higher alkanes as the n-alkanes that are solid under natural conditions . n-Pentacosane, also known as CH3-[CH2]23-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2, and consist entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. n-pentacosane is a hydrocarbon lipid molecule that is very hydrophobic, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. n-Pentacosane has been detected in coconuts, avocado, ginkgo nuts, cardamoms, and lindens. This could make n-pentacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Pentacosane is one of the major components in the acetone extract from Curcuma raktakanda and is also in the essential oil from the leaves of Malus domestica. Pentacosane exhibit anti-cancer activities[1]. Pentacosane is one of the major components in the acetone extract from Curcuma raktakanda and is also in the essential oil from the leaves of Malus domestica. Pentacosane exhibit anti-cancer activities[1].
Juglanin
Isolated from walnuts (Juglans regia). Juglanin is found in many foods, some of which are nuts, common hazelnut, fennel, and sweet bay. Juglanin, a natural occurring flavonoid, is a JNK acticator, with inflammation and anti-tumor activities. Juglanin can induce apoptosis and autophagy on human breast cancer cells[1]. Juglanin, a natural occurring flavonoid, is a JNK acticator, with inflammation and anti-tumor activities. Juglanin can induce apoptosis and autophagy on human breast cancer cells[1].
Quercetin 3-galactosyl-(1->6)-glucoside
Quercetin 3-galactosyl-(1->6)-glucoside is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-3-o-glycosides. Flavonoid-3-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to carbohydrate moiety at the C3-position. Quercetin 3-galactosyl-(1->6)-glucoside is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Quercetin 3-galactosyl-(1->6)-glucoside can be found in broad bean, which makes quercetin 3-galactosyl-(1->6)-glucoside a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Kaempferol 7-glucoside
Kaempferol 7-glucoside is a member of the class of compounds known as flavonoid-7-o-glycosides. Flavonoid-7-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing a flavonoid moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to carbohydrate moiety at the C7-position. Kaempferol 7-glucoside is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Kaempferol 7-glucoside can be found in a number of food items such as flaxseed, ginkgo nuts, white cabbage, and saffron, which makes kaempferol 7-glucoside a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Quercimeritrin
Quercetin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside is a quercetin O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 7 of quercetin via a beta-glycosidic linkage. It has a role as an antioxidant and a metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a monosaccharide derivative, a member of flavonols, a tetrahydroxyflavone and a quercetin O-glucoside. Quercimeritrin is a natural product found in Salix atrocinerea, Dendroviguiera sphaerocephala, and other organisms with data available. See also: Chamomile (part of). Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1]. Quercimeritrin, isolated from the leaves of Ixeridium dentatum, exhibits significant amylase activity[1].
Astragalin
Astragalin (Astragaline) a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, bacteriostatic activity. Astragalin inhibits cancer cells proliferation and migration, induces apoptosis. Astragalin is orally active and provides nerve and heart protection, and resistance against and osteoporosis[1]. Astragalin (Astragaline) a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, bacteriostatic activity. Astragalin inhibits cancer cells proliferation and migration, induces apoptosis. Astragalin is orally active and provides nerve and heart protection, and resistance against and osteoporosis[1].
neryl acetate
Found in citrus, kumquat and pummelo peel oils, ginger, cardamon, clary sage, myrtle leaf and myrtle berries. Flavouring agent Geranyl acetate, an acyclic monoterpene ester derived from geraniol, is widely used in the cosmetics industry due to its pleasant scent[1]. Geranyl acetate can induces cell apoptosis[2]. Geranyl acetate, an acyclic monoterpene ester derived from geraniol, is widely used in the cosmetics industry due to its pleasant scent[1]. Geranyl acetate can induces cell apoptosis[2]. Neryl acetate is a chemical compound isolated from citrus oils[1]. Neryl acetate is a chemical compound isolated from citrus oils[1].
Ascorbic acid
Ascorbic acid is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables and is an essential nutrient in human diets. It is necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. The biologically active form of ascorbic acid is vitamin C. Vitamin C is a water soluble vitamin. Primates (including humans) and a few other species in all divisions of the animal kingdom, notably the guinea pig, have lost the ability to synthesize ascorbic acid and must obtain it in their food. Vitamin C functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant (PubChem). Ascorbic acid is an electron donor for enzymes involved in collagen hydroxylation, biosynthesis of carnitine and norepinephrine, tyrosine metabolism, and amidation of peptide hormones. Ascrobic acid (vitamin C) deficiency causes scurvy. The amount of vitamin C necessary to prevent scurvy may not be adequate to maintain optimal health. The ability of vitamin C to donate electrons also makes it a potent water-soluble antioxidant that readily scavenges free radicals such as molecular oxygen, superoxide, hydroxyl radical, and hypochlorous acid. In this setting, several mechanisms could account for a link between vitamin C and heart disease. One is the relation between LDL oxidation and vitamins C and E. Vitamin C in vitro can recycle vitamin E, which can donate electrons to prevent LDL oxidation in vitro. As the lipid-phase vitamin E is oxidized, it can be regenerated by aqueous vitamin C. Other possibilities are that vitamin C could decrease cholesterol by mechanisms not well characterized, or could improve vasodilatation and vascular reactivity, perhaps by decreasing the interactions of nitric oxide with oxidants (PMID: 10799361). Moreover, ascorbic acid is found to be associated with hyperoxalemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism. Ascorbic acid is also a microbial metabolite produced by Ketogulonicigenium (PMID: 15785002).
Occurs widely in animals and plants. Good sources are citrus fruits and hip berries. Isolated from ox adrenal cortex, lemons and paprika. Production industrially on a large scale from glucose. Vitamin (antiscorbutic), antioxidant, nutrient, preservative consistency enhancer. It is used to reduce discoloration, mainly browning caused by polyphenol oxidase, in fruit and vegetable products. It is used to enhance colour formn. and to reduced the formn. of nitrosamines in meat products. It is used synergistically with Sulfur dioxide
Quinic acid
relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.054 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.053 D-(-)-Quinic acid is a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid and is implicated in the perceived acidity of coffee. D-(-)-Quinic acid is a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid and is implicated in the perceived acidity of coffee.
Tiliroside
Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Tiliroside, a glycosidic flavonoid, possesses anti-diabetic activities. Tiliroside is a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-amylase with a Ki value of 84.2? μM. Tiliroside inhibits carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption in the gastrointestinal tract[1]. Tiliroside, a glycosidic flavonoid, possesses anti-diabetic activities. Tiliroside is a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-amylase with a Ki value of 84.2? μM. Tiliroside inhibits carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption in the gastrointestinal tract[1]. Tribuloside is a flavonoid that can be isolated from Tribulus terrestris L[1]. Tribuloside exhibits anti-mycobacterial activity against the non-pathogenic Mycobacterium species with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5.0 mg/mL. Tribuloside has 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity[2]. Tribuloside is a flavonoid that can be isolated from Tribulus terrestris L[1]. Tribuloside exhibits anti-mycobacterial activity against the non-pathogenic Mycobacterium species with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5.0 mg/mL. Tribuloside has 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity[2].
Afzelin
Afzelin is a glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antibacterial agent and an anti-inflammatory agent. It is a glycosyloxyflavone, a trihydroxyflavone and a monosaccharide derivative. It is functionally related to a kaempferol. It is a conjugate acid of an afzelin(1-). Afzelin is a natural product found in Premna odorata, Vicia tenuifolia, and other organisms with data available. A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside)It is a flavonol glycoside that has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress response, anti-apoptotic, and anti-cardiac cytotoxic effects. AfzelinIt can reduce mitochondrial damage, enhance mitochondrial biosynthesis, and reduce mitochondria-related proteins. Parkinand PTENinduced putative kinase 1 (putative kinase 1)s level. AfzelinCan be improved D-galactosamine(GalN)/LPSSurvival rate of mice treated with doxorubicin prophylaxis (HY-15142A)Induced cardiotoxicity and scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced neurological injury. AfzelinAlso inhibits asthma and allergies caused by ovalbumin[1][2][3][4]. Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside) is is a flavonol glycoside found in Houttuynia cordata Thunberg and is widely used in the preparation of antibacterial and antipyretic agents, detoxicants and for the treatment of inflammation. Afzelin attenuates the mitochondrial damage, enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and decreases the level of mitophagy-related proteins, parkin and PTEN-induced putative kinase 1. Afzelin improves the survival rate and reduces the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and pro-inflammatory cytokines in D-galactosamine (GalN)/LPS -treated mice[1].
Hirsutrin
COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Isoquercetin (Quercetin 3-glucoside) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Isoquercetin alleviates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses via the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant signaling pathway[1]. Isoquercetin regulates the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NO2) via modulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription regulation system. Isoquercetin has high bioavailability and low toxicity, is a promising candidate agent to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies[2]. Isoquercetin (Quercetin 3-glucoside) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Isoquercetin alleviates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses via the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant signaling pathway[1]. Isoquercetin regulates the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NO2) via modulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription regulation system. Isoquercetin has high bioavailability and low toxicity, is a promising candidate agent to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies[2]. Isoquercitrin (Isoquercitroside) is an effective antioxidant and an eosinophilic inflammation suppressor. Isoquercitrin (Isoquercitroside) is an effective antioxidant and an eosinophilic inflammation suppressor.
Juglanin
Kaempferol 3-arabinofuranoside is a member of flavonoids and a glycoside. Juglanin is a natural product found in Saxifraga tricuspidata, Hedyotis herbacea, and other organisms with data available. Juglanin, a natural occurring flavonoid, is a JNK acticator, with inflammation and anti-tumor activities. Juglanin can induce apoptosis and autophagy on human breast cancer cells[1]. Juglanin, a natural occurring flavonoid, is a JNK acticator, with inflammation and anti-tumor activities. Juglanin can induce apoptosis and autophagy on human breast cancer cells[1].
Swartziol
Kaempferol (Kempferol), a flavonoid found in many edible plants, inhibits estrogen receptor α expression in breast cancer cells and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells and lung cancer cells by activation of MEK-MAPK. Kaempferol can be uesd for the research of breast cancer[1][2][3][4]. Kaempferol (Kempferol), a flavonoid found in many edible plants, inhibits estrogen receptor α expression in breast cancer cells and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells and lung cancer cells by activation of MEK-MAPK. Kaempferol can be uesd for the research of breast cancer[1][2][3][4].
Quercetin
Annotation level-1 COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.898 D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.902 Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported by the Max-Planck-Society IPB_RECORD: 1981; CONFIDENCE confident structure IPB_RECORD: 3301; CONFIDENCE confident structure IPB_RECORD: 3283; CONFIDENCE confident structure Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively[1]. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively[1].
Trifolin
Isolated from Gossypium hirsutum (cotton) and other plant subspecies Isoastragalin is found in fats and oils. Isolated from liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra). Acetylastragalin is found in herbs and spices. Widespread occurrence in plant world, e.g. Pinus sylvestris (Scotch pine) and fruits of Scolymus hispanicus (Spanish salsify). Kaempferol 3-galactoside is found in many foods, some of which are horseradish, almond, peach, and tea.
Isoquercetin
COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Isoquercetin (Quercetin 3-glucoside) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Isoquercetin alleviates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses via the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant signaling pathway[1]. Isoquercetin regulates the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NO2) via modulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription regulation system. Isoquercetin has high bioavailability and low toxicity, is a promising candidate agent to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies[2]. Isoquercetin (Quercetin 3-glucoside) is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Isoquercetin alleviates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses via the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant signaling pathway[1]. Isoquercetin regulates the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NO2) via modulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription regulation system. Isoquercetin has high bioavailability and low toxicity, is a promising candidate agent to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies[2]. Isoquercitrin (Isoquercitroside) is an effective antioxidant and an eosinophilic inflammation suppressor. Isoquercitrin (Isoquercitroside) is an effective antioxidant and an eosinophilic inflammation suppressor.
citrol
C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant Geraniol, an olefinic terpene, was found to inhibit growth of Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains[1]. Geraniol, an olefinic terpene, was found to inhibit growth of Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains[1].
Kaempferol
Annotation level-3 Annotation level-1 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.010 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 1.011 Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported by the Max-Planck-Society IPB_RECORD: 2141; CONFIDENCE confident structure IPB_RECORD: 3341; CONFIDENCE confident structure IPB_RECORD: 3321; CONFIDENCE confident structure CONFIDENCE confident structure; IPB_RECORD: 3321 IPB_RECORD: 141; CONFIDENCE confident structure Kaempferol (Kempferol), a flavonoid found in many edible plants, inhibits estrogen receptor α expression in breast cancer cells and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells and lung cancer cells by activation of MEK-MAPK. Kaempferol can be uesd for the research of breast cancer[1][2][3][4]. Kaempferol (Kempferol), a flavonoid found in many edible plants, inhibits estrogen receptor α expression in breast cancer cells and induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells and lung cancer cells by activation of MEK-MAPK. Kaempferol can be uesd for the research of breast cancer[1][2][3][4].
Pentacosane
Pentacosane is one of the major components in the acetone extract from Curcuma raktakanda and is also in the essential oil from the leaves of Malus domestica. Pentacosane exhibit anti-cancer activities[1]. Pentacosane is one of the major components in the acetone extract from Curcuma raktakanda and is also in the essential oil from the leaves of Malus domestica. Pentacosane exhibit anti-cancer activities[1].
Lysionotin
Nevadensin is a naturally occurring selective inhibitor of human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1) with an IC50 of 2.64 μM. Nevadensin has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis activities, antitussive, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive[1][2]. Nevadensin is a naturally occurring selective inhibitor of human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1) with an IC50 of 2.64 μM. Nevadensin has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis activities, antitussive, anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertensive[1][2].
Phenylethyl alcohol
C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C28394 - Topical Anti-Infective Agent D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D010592 - Pharmaceutic Aids D004202 - Disinfectants 2-Phenylethanol (Phenethyl alcohol), extracted from rose, carnation, hyacinth, Aleppo pine, orange blossom and other organisms, is a colourless liquid. It has a pleasant floral odor and also an autoantibiotic produced by the fungus Candida albicans[1]. It is used as an additive in cigarettes and also used as a preservative in soaps due to its stability in basic conditions. 2-Phenylethanol (Phenethyl alcohol), extracted from rose, carnation, hyacinth, Aleppo pine, orange blossom and other organisms, is a colourless liquid. It has a pleasant floral odor and also an autoantibiotic produced by the fungus Candida albicans[1]. It is used as an additive in cigarettes and also used as a preservative in soaps due to its stability in basic conditions.
Citral
An enal that consists of octa-2,6-dienal bearing methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7. A mixture of the two geometric isomers geranial and neral, it is the major constituent (75-85\\\\%) of oil of lemon grass, the volatile oil of Cymbopogon citratus, or of C. flexuosus. It also occurs in oils of verbena, lemon, and orange. Citral is a monoterpene found in Cymbopogon citratus essential oil, with antihyperalgesic, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects[1]. Citral is a monoterpene found in Cymbopogon citratus essential oil, with antihyperalgesic, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects[1].
(±)-Citronellyl acetate
Citronellol acetate is a monoterpenoid that is the acetate ester of citronellol. It has been isolated from Citrus hystrix. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an acetate ester and a monoterpenoid. It is functionally related to a citronellol. Citronellyl acetate is a natural product found in Mikania cordifolia, Cinnamomum sieboldii, and other organisms with data available. Citronellyl acetate is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. See also: Java citronella oil (part of). (±)-Citronellyl acetate, also known as b-citronellol acetic acid or cephrol acetate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty alcohol esters. These are ester derivatives of a fatty alcohol. (±)-Citronellol acetate is a monoterpenoid that is the acetate ester of citronellol. It has been isolated from Citrus hystrix. (±)-Citronellyl acetate is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Flavouring ingredient. Constituent of citronella oil, orange juice, lemon juice and peel, grapefruit peel, swangi (Citrus hystrix), ginger, tarragon, myrtle leaf, West Indian lemongrass oil and beer. (±)-Citronellyl acetate is found in many foods, some of which are herbs and spices, carrot, wild carrot, and blackcurrant. A monoterpenoid that is the acetate ester of citronellol. It has been isolated from Citrus hystrix. Citronellyl acetate is a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, with antinociceptive activity. Citronellyl acetate exhibits pro-apoptotic activity in human hepatoma cells. Citronellyl acetate shows fungicidal, larvicidal, bactericidal and repelling/insecticidal effects[1]. Citronellyl acetate is a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, with antinociceptive activity. Citronellyl acetate exhibits pro-apoptotic activity in human hepatoma cells. Citronellyl acetate shows fungicidal, larvicidal, bactericidal and repelling/insecticidal effects[1].
Citronellol
Citronellol is a monoterpenoid that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7. It has a role as a plant metabolite. Citronellol is a natural product found in Xylopia aromatica, Eupatorium cannabinum, and other organisms with data available. 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. See also: Java citronella oil (part of). A monoterpenoid that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1]. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1].
(+)-Neomenthol
D,l-menthol is a white crystalline solid with a peppermint odor and taste. (NTP, 1992) (+)-menthol is a p-menthan-3-ol which has (1S,2R,5S)-stereochemistry. In contrast to (-)-menthol, the (+)-enantiomer occurs only rarely in nature. It is an enantiomer of a (-)-menthol. (+)-Menthol is a natural product found in Diaporthe amygdali with data available. A p-menthan-3-ol which has (1S,2R,5S)-stereochemistry. In contrast to (-)-menthol, the (+)-enantiomer occurs only rarely in nature. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent D003879 - Dermatologic Agents > D000982 - Antipruritics (-)-Menthol is a key component of peppermint oil that binds and activates transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, to increase [Ca2+]i[1]. Antitumor activity[1]. (-)-Menthol is a key component of peppermint oil that binds and activates transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, to increase [Ca2+]i[1]. Antitumor activity[1]. (-)-Menthol is a key component of peppermint oil that binds and activates transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, to increase [Ca2+]i[1]. Antitumor activity[1]. (-)-Menthol is a key component of peppermint oil that binds and activates transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, to increase [Ca2+]i[1]. Antitumor activity[1]. (+)-Neomenthol is a potent miticide. (+)-Neomenthol shows acaricidal activitie with LD50 values of 0.32, 0.256 μg/mL for Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, respectively[1]. (+)-Neomenthol is a potent miticide. (+)-Neomenthol shows acaricidal activitie with LD50 values of 0.32, 0.256 μg/mL for Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, respectively[1]. DL-Menthol is a relative configuration of (-)-Menthol. DL-Menthol relates to the activation of GABAA receptor[1]. DL-Menthol is a relative configuration of (-)-Menthol. DL-Menthol relates to the activation of GABAA receptor[1]. DL-Menthol is a relative configuration of (-)-Menthol. DL-Menthol relates to the activation of GABAA receptor[1]. Menthol is a natural analgesic compound. Menthol could cause a feeling of coolness due to stimulation of ‘cold’ receptors by inhibiting Ca++ currents of neuronal membranes[1]. Menthol is a natural analgesic compound. Menthol could cause a feeling of coolness due to stimulation of ‘cold’ receptors by inhibiting Ca++ currents of neuronal membranes[1].
nerol
Nerol is a constituent of neroli oil. Nerol Nerol triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and induces apoptosis via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS. Antifungal activity[1][2]. Nerol is a constituent of neroli oil. Nerol Nerol triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and induces apoptosis via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS. Antifungal activity[1][2]. Nerol is a constituent of neroli oil. Nerol Nerol triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and induces apoptosis via elevation of Ca2+ and ROS. Antifungal activity[1][2].
benzaldehyde
An arenecarbaldehyde that consists of benzene bearing a single formyl substituent; the simplest aromatic aldehyde and parent of the class of benzaldehydes.
Decanal
A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxy group of capric acid (decanoic acid). Decyl aldehyde is a simple ten-carbon aldehyde. Decyl aldehyde is a bacterial luciferase substrate. Decyl aldehyde is a simple ten-carbon aldehyde. Decyl aldehyde is a bacterial luciferase substrate.
Farnesol
A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1. Farnesol is a colorless liquid with a delicate floral odor. (NTP, 1992) Farnesol is a farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a fungal metabolite and an antimicrobial agent. It is a farnesane sesquiterpenoid, a primary alcohol and a polyprenol. trans,trans-Farnesol is a natural product found in Lonicera japonica, Psidium guajava, and other organisms with data available. (2-trans,6-trans)-Farnesol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A colorless liquid extracted from oils of plants such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, and tuberose. It is an intermediate step in the biological synthesis of cholesterol from mevalonic acid in vertebrates. It has a delicate odor and is used in perfumery. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed) The (2-trans,6-trans)-stereoisomer of farnesol. C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant Farnesol is a sesquiterpene alcohol that modulates cell-to-cell communication in Candida albicans, and has the activity in inhibiting bacteria. Farnesol is a sesquiterpene alcohol that modulates cell-to-cell communication in Candida albicans, and has the activity in inhibiting bacteria.
Eugenol
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D012997 - Solvents Eugenol is an essential oil found in cloves with antibacterial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activity. Eugenol is shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation. Eugenol is an essential oil found in cloves with antibacterial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activity. Eugenol is shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation.
Damascenone
Damascenone ((E/Z)-Damascenone) is an active compound of?Epipremnum pinnatum with anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Damascenone is a mixture complex of?E-isomer-Damascenone and Z-isomer Damascenone. Damascenone ((E/Z)-Damascenone) is an active compound of?Epipremnum pinnatum with anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Damascenone is a mixture complex of?E-isomer-Damascenone and Z-isomer Damascenone.
5-Megastigmen-7-yne-3,9-diol 9-glucoside
N-Octadecane
A straight-chain alkane carrying 18 carbon atoms. Octadecane is an alkane that is used to store thermal energy at ambient temperature as a phase change material[1].
Citronellyl acetate
Citronellyl acetate is a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, with antinociceptive activity. Citronellyl acetate exhibits pro-apoptotic activity in human hepatoma cells. Citronellyl acetate shows fungicidal, larvicidal, bactericidal and repelling/insecticidal effects[1]. Citronellyl acetate is a monoterpene product of the secondary metabolism of plants, with antinociceptive activity. Citronellyl acetate exhibits pro-apoptotic activity in human hepatoma cells. Citronellyl acetate shows fungicidal, larvicidal, bactericidal and repelling/insecticidal effects[1].
Cephrol
Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1]. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) is a monoterpene Pelargonium graveolens. Citronellol ((±)-Citronellol) induces necroptosis of cancer cell via up-regulating TNF-α, RIP1/RIP3 activities, down-regulating caspase-3/caspase-8 activities and increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation[1].
Rose oxide
A member of the class of oxanes that is tetrahydro-2H-pyran which is substituted at positions 2 and 4 by an isoprop-1-enyl group and a methyl group, respectively. Organic compound of the pyran class and the monoterpene class and a fragrance found in roses and rose oil. All four possible stereoisomers are known; the 2S,4R and 2S,4S diastereoisomers [also known as the (-)-cis- and (-)-trans-isomers, respectively] are the main constituents in several essential oils and are used as a food flavouring and in perfumes and cosmetics.
Tsangane L 3-glucoside
Docosane
Docosane, a straight chain alkane, can be used to synthesize structural composites with thermal energy storage/release capability[1][2]. Docosane, a straight chain alkane, can be used to synthesize structural composites with thermal energy storage/release capability[1][2].
Heneicosane
Heneicosane is an aroma component isolated from Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 or Serapias cordigera. Heneicosane is a pheromone and inhibits aflatoxin production[1][2][3]. Heneicosane is an aroma component isolated from Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 or Serapias cordigera. Heneicosane is a pheromone and inhibits aflatoxin production[1][2][3].
N-HEPTADECANE
A straight-chain alkane with 17 carbon atoms. It is a component of essential oils from plants like Opuntia littoralis and Annona squamosa.
NONADECANE
A straight-chain alkane with 19 carbon atoms. It has been found as a component of essential oils isolated from Artemisia armeniaca.
coenzyme Q10
A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration. COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins Same as: D01065 Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Isolated from beef heart. Ubiquinone 10 is found in animal foods.
Quertin
COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively[1]. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively[1].
α-Pinene
A pinene that is bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 6 and 6 respectively. (-)-α-Pinene is a monoterpene and shows sleep enhancing property through a direct binding to GABAA-benzodiazepine (BZD) receptors by acting as a partial modulator at the BZD binding site[1]. (-)-α-Pinene is a monoterpene and shows sleep enhancing property through a direct binding to GABAA-benzodiazepine (BZD) receptors by acting as a partial modulator at the BZD binding site[1]. (-)-α-Pinene is a monoterpene and shows sleep enhancing property through a direct binding to GABAA-benzodiazepine (BZD) receptors by acting as a partial modulator at the BZD binding site[1]. (-)-α-Pinene is a monoterpene and shows sleep enhancing property through a direct binding to GABAA-benzodiazepine (BZD) receptors by acting as a partial modulator at the BZD binding site[1]. (-)-α-Pinene is a monoterpene and shows sleep enhancing property through a direct binding to GABAA-benzodiazepine (BZD) receptors by acting as a partial modulator at the BZD binding site[1]. (-)-α-Pinene is a monoterpene and shows sleep enhancing property through a direct binding to GABAA-benzodiazepine (BZD) receptors by acting as a partial modulator at the BZD binding site[1].
Geranyl acetate
Geranyl acetate, an acyclic monoterpene ester derived from geraniol, is widely used in the cosmetics industry due to its pleasant scent[1]. Geranyl acetate can induces cell apoptosis[2]. Geranyl acetate has been reported in Cymbopogon martinii, Cymbopogon distans
Myrcene
Myrcene (β-Myrcene), an aromatic volatile compound, suppresses TNFα-induced NF-κB activity. Myrcene has anti-invasive effect[1][2]. Myrcene (β-Myrcene), an aromatic volatile compound, suppresses TNFα-induced NF-κB activity. Myrcene has anti-invasive effect[1][2].
93-15-2
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D000777 - Anesthetics D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens Methyl Eugenol, a phenylpropanoid chemical in leaves, fruits, stems, and/or roots, may be released when that corresponding part of a plant is damaged as a result of feeding by an herbivore. Methyl Eugenol is used for male annihilation of the oriental fruit fly[1]. Methyl Eugenol is a bait that has oral activity against oriental fruit fly (Hendel).Methyl Eugenol has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Methyl Eugenol can induce Autophagy in cells. Methyl Eugenol can be used in the study of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury[1][2][3]. Methyl Eugenol, a phenylpropanoid chemical in leaves, fruits, stems, and/or roots, may be released when that corresponding part of a plant is damaged as a result of feeding by an herbivore. Methyl Eugenol is used for male annihilation of the oriental fruit fly[1].
Engenol
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C245 - Anesthetic Agent D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D012997 - Solvents Eugenol is an essential oil found in cloves with antibacterial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activity. Eugenol is shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation. Eugenol is an essential oil found in cloves with antibacterial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activity. Eugenol is shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation.
Spirt
V - Various > V03 - All other therapeutic products > V03A - All other therapeutic products > V03AZ - Nerve depressants V - Various > V03 - All other therapeutic products > V03A - All other therapeutic products > V03AB - Antidotes D - Dermatologicals > D08 - Antiseptics and disinfectants > D08A - Antiseptics and disinfectants D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D012997 - Solvents
Henicosane
Heneicosane is an aroma component isolated from Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 or Serapias cordigera. Heneicosane is a pheromone and inhibits aflatoxin production[1][2][3]. Heneicosane is an aroma component isolated from Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 or Serapias cordigera. Heneicosane is a pheromone and inhibits aflatoxin production[1][2][3].
