NCBI Taxonomy: 6056
Chalinidae (ncbi_taxid: 6056)
found 215 associated metabolites at family taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Haplosclerida
Child Taxonomies: Haliclona, Dendroxea, Chalinula, Cladocroce, unclassified Chalinidae
Thymidine
Deoxythymidine, also known as 2-deoxy-5-methyluridine or 5-methyl-2-deoxyuridine, is a member of the class of compounds known as pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleosides. Pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleosides are compounds consisting of a pyrimidine linked to a ribose which lacks a hydroxyl group at position 2. Deoxythymidine is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Deoxythymidine can be synthesized from thymine. Deoxythymidine is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, tritiated thymidine, alpha-tritiated thymidine, and 5,6-dihydrothymidine. Deoxythymidine can be found in a number of food items such as butternut squash, mammee apple, catjang pea, and climbing bean, which makes deoxythymidine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Deoxythymidine can be found primarily in most biofluids, including blood, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as throughout most human tissues. Deoxythymidine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, deoxythymidine is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism. Deoxythymidine is also involved in few metabolic disorders, which include beta ureidopropionase deficiency, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, MNGIE (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy), and UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria). Moreover, deoxythymidine is found to be associated with canavan disease and degenerative disc disease. Thymidine (deoxythymidine; other names deoxyribosylthymine, thymine deoxyriboside) is a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside. Deoxythymidine is the DNA nucleoside T, which pairs with deoxyadenosine (A) in double-stranded DNA. In cell biology it is used to synchronize the cells in G1/early S phase . Thymidine, also known as deoxythymidine or deoxyribosylthymine or thymine deoxyriboside, is a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside. It consists of the nucleobase thymine attached to deoxyribose through a beta N- glycosidic bond. Thymidine also belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleosides. Pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleosides are compounds consisting of a pyrimidine linked to a ribose which lacks a hydroxyl group at position 2. Deoxythymidine (or thymidine) is the DNA nucleoside T, which pairs with deoxyadenosine (A) in double-stranded DNA. Therefore, thymidine is essential to all life. Indeed, thymidine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. Within humans, thymidine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, thymidine can be biosynthesized from 5-thymidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme cytosolic purine 5-nucleotidase. In addition, thymidine can be converted into 5-thymidylic acid; which is catalyzed by the enzyme thymidine kinase. Deoxythymidine can be phosphorylated with one, two or three phosphoric acid groups, creating dTMP (deoxythymidine monophosphate), dTDP, or dTTP (for the di- and tri- phosphates, respectively). dTMP can be incorporated into DNA via DNA polymerases. In cell biology, thymidine can be used to synchronize the cells in S phase. Derivatives of thymidine are used in a number of drugs, including Azidothymidine (AZT), which is used in the treatment of HIV infection. AZT inhibits the process of reverse transcription in the human immunodeficiency virus. Thymidine is a pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleoside having thymine as the nucleobase. It has a role as a metabolite, a human metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is functionally related to a thymine. It is an enantiomer of a telbivudine. Thymidine is a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside. Thymidine is the DNA nucleoside T, which pairs with deoxyadenosine (A) in double-stranded DNA. In cell biology it is used to synchronize the cells in S phase. Thymidine is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Thymidine is a natural product found in Fritillaria thunbergii, Saussurea medusa, and other organisms with data available. Thymidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside that is composed of the pyrimidine base thymine attached to the sugar deoxyribose. As a constituent of DNA, thymidine pairs with adenine in the DNA double helix. (NCI04) Thymidine is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A nucleoside in which THYMINE is linked to DEOXYRIBOSE. A pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleoside having thymine as the nucleobase. KEIO_ID T014; [MS2] KO009272 KEIO_ID T014 Thymidine, a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid, is used as a cell synchronizing agent. Thymidine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can arrest cell at G1/S boundary, prior to DNA replication[1][2][3]. Thymidine, a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid, is used as a cell synchronizing agent. Thymidine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can arrest cell at G1/S boundary, prior to DNA replication[1][2][3].
Myristic acid
Tetradecanoic acid is an oily white crystalline solid. (NTP, 1992) Tetradecanoic acid is a straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat. It has a role as a human metabolite, an EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor, a Daphnia magna metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a long-chain fatty acid and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a tetradecanoate. Myristic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Myristic acid is a natural product found in Gladiolus italicus, Staphisagria macrosperma, and other organisms with data available. Myristic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 14-carbon backbone. Myristic acid is found naturally in palm oil, coconut oil and butter fat. Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed). Myristic acid is also commonly added to a penultimate nitrogen terminus glycine in receptor-associated kinases to confer the membrane localisation of the enzyme. this is achieved by the myristic acid having a high enough hydrophobicity to become incorporated into the fatty acyl core of the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane of the eukaryotic cell.(wikipedia). myristic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed) See also: Cod Liver Oil (part of); Saw Palmetto (part of). Myristic acid, also known as tetradecanoic acid or C14:0, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Myristic acid (its ester is called myristate) is a saturated fatty acid that has 14 carbons; as such, it is a very hydrophobic molecule that is practically insoluble in water. It exists as an oily white crystalline solid. Myristic acid is found in all living organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals, and is found in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat, as well as coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. Industrially, myristic acid is used to synthesize a variety of flavour compounds and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics (Dorland, 28th ed). Within eukaryotic cells, myristic acid is also commonly conjugated to a penultimate N-terminal glycine residue in receptor-associated kinases to confer membrane localization of these enzymes (a post-translational modification called myristoylation via the enzyme N-myristoyltransferase). Myristic acid has a high enough hydrophobicity to allow the myristoylated protein to become incorporated into the fatty acyl core of the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Also, this fatty acid is known because it accumulates as fat in the body; however, its consumption also impacts positively on cardiovascular health (see, for example, PMID: 15936650). Myristic acid is named after the scientific name for nutmeg, Myristica fragrans, from which it was first isolated in 1841 by Lyon Playfair. Myristic acid, also known as 14 or N-tetradecanoic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Thus, myristic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Myristic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Myristic acid can be found in a number of food items such as strawberry, barley, nutmeg, and soy bean, which makes myristic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Myristic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood, saliva, and feces, as well as throughout most human tissues. Myristic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, myristic acid is involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis. Moreover, myristic acid is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Myristic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Myristic acid (IUPAC systematic name: 1-tetradecanoic acid) is a common saturated fatty acid with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)12COOH. Its salts and esters are commonly referred to as myristates. It is named after the binomial name for nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), from which it was first isolated in 1841 by Lyon Playfair . A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat. Nutmeg butter has 75\\\% trimyristin, the triglyceride of myristic acid and a source from which it can be synthesised.[13] Besides nutmeg, myristic acid is found in palm kernel oil, coconut oil, butterfat, 8–14\\\% of bovine milk, and 8.6\\\% of breast milk as well as being a minor component of many other animal fats.[9] It is found in spermaceti, the crystallized fraction of oil from the sperm whale. It is also found in the rhizomes of the Iris, including Orris root.[14][15] Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils.
Palmitic acid
Palmitic acid, also known as palmitate or hexadecanoic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Thus, palmitic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Palmitic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Palmitic acid can be found in a number of food items such as sacred lotus, spinach, shallot, and corn salad, which makes palmitic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Palmitic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including feces, sweat, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as throughout most human tissues. Palmitic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, palmitic acid is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include alendronate action pathway, rosuvastatin action pathway, simvastatin action pathway, and cerivastatin action pathway. Palmitic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include hypercholesterolemia, familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency, ethylmalonic encephalopathy, and carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency (I). Moreover, palmitic acid is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Palmitic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms. Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D is 16:0. As its name indicates, it is a major component of the oil from the fruit of oil palms (palm oil). Palmitic acid can also be found in meats, cheeses, butter, and dairy products. Palmitate is the salts and esters of palmitic acid. The palmitate anion is the observed form of palmitic acid at physiologic pH (7.4) . Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced during lipogenesis (fatty acid synthesis) and from which longer fatty acids can be produced. Palmitate negatively feeds back on acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) which is responsible for converting acetyl-ACP to malonyl-ACP on the growing acyl chain, thus preventing further palmitate generation (DrugBank). Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid, is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in animals, plants, and microorganisms. As its name indicates, it is a major component of the oil from the fruit of oil palms (palm oil). Excess carbohydrates in the body are converted to palmitic acid. Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced during fatty acid synthesis and is the precursor to longer fatty acids. As a consequence, palmitic acid is a major body component of animals. In humans, one analysis found it to make up 21–30\\\% (molar) of human depot fat (PMID: 13756126), and it is a major, but highly variable, lipid component of human breast milk (PMID: 352132). Palmitic acid is used to produce soaps, cosmetics, and industrial mould release agents. These applications use sodium palmitate, which is commonly obtained by saponification of palm oil. To this end, palm oil, rendered from palm tree (species Elaeis guineensis), is treated with sodium hydroxide (in the form of caustic soda or lye), which causes hydrolysis of the ester groups, yielding glycerol and sodium palmitate. Aluminium salts of palmitic acid and naphthenic acid were combined during World War II to produce napalm. The word "napalm" is derived from the words naphthenic acid and palmitic acid (Wikipedia). Palmitic acid is also used in the determination of water hardness and is a surfactant of Levovist, an intravenous ultrasonic contrast agent. Hexadecanoic acid is a straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. It has a role as an EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor, a plant metabolite, a Daphnia magna metabolite and an algal metabolite. It is a long-chain fatty acid and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a hexadecanoate. A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids. Palmitic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Palmitic Acid is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 16-carbon backbone. Palmitic acid is found naturally in palm oil and palm kernel oil, as well as in butter, cheese, milk and meat. Palmitic acid, or hexadecanoic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in animals and plants, a saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids. It occurs in the form of esters (glycerides) in oils and fats of vegetable and animal origin and is usually obtained from palm oil, which is widely distributed in plants. Palmitic acid is used in determination of water hardness and is an active ingredient of *Levovist*TM, used in echo enhancement in sonographic Doppler B-mode imaging and as an ultrasound contrast medium. A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids. A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. Palmitic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=57-10-3 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 57-10-3). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Zeaxanthin
Zeaxanthin is a carotenoid xanthophyll and is one of the most common carotenoid found in nature. It is the pigment that gives corn, saffron, and many other plants their characteristic color. Zeaxanthin breaks down to form picrocrocin and safranal, which are responsible for the taste and aroma of saffron Carotenoids are among the most common pigments in nature and are natural lipid soluble antioxidants. Zeaxanthin is one of the two carotenoids (the other is lutein) that accumulate in the eye lens and macular region of the retina with concentrations in the macula greater than those found in plasma and other tissues. Lutein and zeaxanthin have identical chemical formulas and are isomers, but they are not stereoisomers. The main difference between them is in the location of a double bond in one of the end rings. This difference gives lutein three chiral centers whereas zeaxanthin has two. A relationship between macular pigment optical density, a marker of lutein and zeaxanthin concentration in the macula, and lens optical density, an antecedent of cataractous changes, has been suggested. The xanthophylls may act to protect the eye from ultraviolet phototoxicity via quenching reactive oxygen species and/or other mechanisms. Some observational studies have shown that generous intakes of lutein and zeaxanthin, particularly from certain xanthophyll-rich foods like spinach, broccoli and eggs, are associated with a significant reduction in the risk for cataract (up to 20\\%) and for age-related macular degeneration (up to 40\\%). While the pathophysiology of cataract and age-related macular degeneration is complex and contains both environmental and genetic components, research studies suggest dietary factors including antioxidant vitamins and xanthophylls may contribute to a reduction in the risk of these degenerative eye diseases. Further research is necessary to confirm these observations. (PMID: 11023002). Zeaxanthin has been found to be a microbial metabolite, it can be produced by Algibacter, Aquibacter, Escherichia, Flavobacterium, Formosa, Gramella, Hyunsoonleella, Kordia, Mesoflavibacter, Muricauda, Nubsella, Paracoccus, Siansivirga, Sphingomonas, Zeaxanthinibacter and yeast (https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0924224417302571?token=DE6BC6CC7DCDEA6150497AA3E375097A00F8E0C12AE03A8E420D85D1AC8855E62103143B5AE0B57E9C5828671F226801). It is a marker for the activity of Bacillus subtilis and/or Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the intestine. Higher levels are associated with higher levels of Bacillus or Pseudomonas. (PMID: 17555270; PMID: 12147474) Zeaxanthin is a carotenol. It has a role as a bacterial metabolite, a cofactor and an antioxidant. It derives from a hydride of a beta-carotene. Zeaxanthin is a most common carotenoid alcohols found in nature that is involved in the xanthophyll cycle. As a coexistent isomer of lutein, zeaxanthin is synthesized in plants and some micro-organisms. It gives the distinct yellow color to many vegetables and other plants including paprika, corn, saffron and wolfberries. Zeaxanthin is one of the two primary xanthophyll carotenoids contained within the retina of the eye and plays a predominant component in the central macula. It is available as a dietary supplement for eye health benefits and potential prevention of age-related macular degeneration. Zeaxanthin is also added as a food dye. Zeaxanthin is a natural product found in Bangia fuscopurpurea, Erythrobacter longus, and other organisms with data available. Carotenoids found in fruits and vegetables. Zeaxanthin accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA. See also: Saffron (part of); Corn (part of); Lycium barbarum fruit (part of). D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (IAld or I3A), also known as 3-formylindole or 3-indolealdehyde, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indoles. Indoles are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of a pyrrole ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-benzopyrrole. In humans, I3A is a biologically active metabolite which acts as a receptor agonist at the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in intestinal immune cells. It stimulates the production of interleukin-22 which facilitates mucosal reactivity (PMID:27102537). I3A is a microbially derived tryptophan metabolite produced by Clostridium and Lactobacillus (PMID:30120222, 27102537). I3A has also been found in the urine of patients with untreated phenylketonuria (PMID:5073866). I3A has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as beans, Brussels sprouts, cucumbers, cereals and cereal products, and white cabbages. This could make I3A a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Indole-3-carbaldehyde is a heteroarenecarbaldehyde that is indole in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a formyl group. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a human xenobiotic metabolite, a bacterial metabolite and a marine metabolite. It is a heteroarenecarbaldehyde, an indole alkaloid and a member of indoles. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde is a natural product found in Euphorbia hirsuta, Derris ovalifolia, and other organisms with data available. A heteroarenecarbaldehyde that is indole in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a formyl group. Found in barley and tomato seedlings and cotton Indole-3-carboxaldehyde. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=487-89-8 (retrieved 2024-07-02) (CAS RN: 487-89-8). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole), a banlangen extract, is the product of the oxidative degradation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) by crude enzyme preparations from etiolated pea seedlings. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole) is a biochemical used to prepare analogs of the indole phytoalexin cyclobrassinin[1]. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole), a banlangen extract, is the product of the oxidative degradation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) by crude enzyme preparations from etiolated pea seedlings. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole) is a biochemical used to prepare analogs of the indole phytoalexin cyclobrassinin[1].
Pregnenolone
Pregnenolone is a derivative of cholesterol, the product of cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage (EC 1.14.15.6, CYP11A1. This reaction consists of three consecutive monooxygenations, a 22-hydroxylation, a 20-hydroxylation, and the cleavage of the C20-C22 bond, yielding pregnenolone. Pregnenolone is the precursor to gonadal steroid hormones and the adrenal corticosteroids. This reaction occurs in steroid hormone-producing tissues such as the adrenal cortex, corpus luteum, and placenta. The most notable difference between the placenta and other steroidogenic tissues is that electron supply to CYP11A1 limits the rate at which cholesterol is converted into pregnenolone in the placenta. The limiting component for electron delivery to CYP11A1 is the concentration of adrenodoxin reductase in the mitochondrial matrix which is insufficient to maintain the adrenodoxin pool in a fully reduced state. Pregnenolone is also a neurosteroid, and is produced in the spinal cord; CYP11A1 is the key enzyme catalyzing the conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone, the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of all classes of steroids, and has been localized in sensory networks of the spinal cord dorsal horn. In the adrenal glomerulosa cell, angiotensin II, one of the major physiological regulators of mineralocorticoid synthesis, appears to affect most of the cholesterol transfer to the mitochondrial outer membrane and many steps in the transport to the inner membrane. Thus, it exerts a powerful control over the use of cholesterol for aldosterone production (PMID: 17222962, 15823613, 16632873, 15134809). C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Pregnenolone (3β-Hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one) is a powerful neurosteroid, the main precursor of various steroid hormones including steroid ketones. Pregnenolone acts as a signaling-specific inhibitor of cannabinoid CB1 receptor, inhibits the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that are mediated by the CB1 receptors. Pregnenolone can protect the brain from cannabis intoxication[1][2]. Pregnenolone is also a TRPM3 channel activator, and also can weakly activate TRPM1 channels[3]. Pregnenolone (3β-Hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one) is a powerful neurosteroid, the main precursor of various steroid hormones including steroid ketones. Pregnenolone acts as a signaling-specific inhibitor of cannabinoid CB1 receptor, inhibits the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that are mediated by the CB1 receptors. Pregnenolone can protect the brain from cannabis intoxication[1][2]. Pregnenolone is also a TRPM3 channel activator, and also can weakly activate TRPM1 channels[3].
Stearic acid
Stearic acid, also known as stearate or N-octadecanoic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Thus, stearic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Stearic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Stearic acid can be synthesized from octadecane. Stearic acid is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, 3-oxooctadecanoic acid, (9S,10S)-10-hydroxy-9-(phosphonooxy)octadecanoic acid, and 16-methyloctadecanoic acid. Stearic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green bell pepper, common oregano, ucuhuba, and babassu palm, which makes stearic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Stearic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including urine, feces, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and sweat, as well as throughout most human tissues. Stearic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, stearic acid is involved in the plasmalogen synthesis. Stearic acid is also involved in mitochondrial beta-oxidation of long chain saturated fatty acids, which is a metabolic disorder. Moreover, stearic acid is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Stearic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Stearic acid ( STEER-ik, stee-ARR-ik) is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain and has the IUPAC name octadecanoic acid. It is a waxy solid and its chemical formula is C17H35CO2H. Its name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéar", which means tallow. The salts and esters of stearic acid are called stearates. As its ester, stearic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in nature following palmitic acid. The triglyceride derived from three molecules of stearic acid is called stearin . Stearic acid, also known as octadecanoic acid or C18:0, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Stearic acid (its ester is called stearate) is a saturated fatty acid that has 18 carbons and is therefore a very hydrophobic molecule that is practically insoluble in water. It exists as a waxy solid. In terms of its biosynthesis, stearic acid is produced from carbohydrates via the fatty acid synthesis machinery wherein acetyl-CoA contributes two-carbon building blocks, up to the 16-carbon palmitate, via the enzyme complex fatty acid synthase (FA synthase), at which point a fatty acid elongase is needed to further lengthen it. After synthesis, there are a variety of reactions it may undergo, including desaturation to oleate via stearoyl-CoA desaturase (PMID: 16477801). Stearic acid is found in all living organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. It is one of the useful types of saturated fatty acids that comes from many animal and vegetable fats and oils. For example, it is a component of cocoa butter and shea butter. It is used as a food additive, in cleaning and personal care products, and in lubricants. Its name comes from the Greek word stear, which means ‚Äòtallow‚Äô or ‚Äòhard fat‚Äô. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils.
Indole-3-carboxylic acid
Indole-3-carboxylic acid, also known as 3-carboxyindole or 3-indolecarboxylate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolecarboxylic acids and derivatives. Indolecarboxylic acids and derivatives are compounds containing a carboxylic acid group (or a derivative thereof) linked to an indole. Naphthylmethylindoles: Any compound containing a 1H-indol-3-yl-(1-naphthyl)methane structure with substitution at the nitrogen atom of the indole ring by an alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkylmethyl, cycloalkylethyl, 1-(N-methyl-2-piperidinyl)methyl, or 2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl group whether or not further substituted in the indole ring to any extent and whether or not substituted in the naphthyl ring to any extent. One example given is JWH-250. Outside of the human body, indole-3-carboxylic acid has been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as brassicas, broccoli, pulses, common beets, and barley. This could make indole-3-carboxylic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Notice the pentyl group substituted onto the nitrogen atom of the indole ring. Note that this definition encompasses only those compounds that have OH groups attached to both the phenyl and the cyclohexyl rings, and so does not include compounds such as O-1871 which lacks the cyclohexyl OH group, or compounds such as JWH-337 or JWH-344 which lack the phenolic OH group. Present in plants, e.g. apple (Pyrus malus), garden pea (Pisum sativum) and brassicas Indole-3-carboxylic acid is a normal urinary indolic tryptophan metabolite and has been found elevated in patients with liver diseases[1][2]. Indole-3-carboxylic acid is a normal urinary indolic tryptophan metabolite and has been found elevated in patients with liver diseases[1][2].
Lignoceric acid (C24)
Lignoceric acid, also known as N-tetracosanoic acid or tetraeicosanoate, is a member of the class of compounds known as very long-chain fatty acids. Very long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains at least 22 carbon atoms. Thus, lignoceric acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Lignoceric acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Lignoceric acid can be found in a number of food items such as hazelnut, cheese, rye bread, and cetacea (dolphin, porpoise, whale), which makes lignoceric acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Lignoceric acid can be found primarily in blood and feces, as well as in human fibroblasts tissue. Lignoceric acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. In humans, lignoceric acid is involved in a couple of metabolic pathways, which include adrenoleukodystrophy, x-linked and beta oxidation of very long chain fatty acids. Lignoceric acid is also involved in carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency, which is a metabolic disorder. Lignoceric acid, or tetracosanoic acid, is the saturated fatty acid with formula C23H47COOH. It is found in wood tar, various cerebrosides, and in small amounts in most natural fats. The fatty acids of peanut oil contain small amounts of lignoceric acid (1.1\\\\% – 2.2\\\\%). This fatty acid is also a byproduct of lignin production . Tetracosanoic acid is a C24 straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It has a role as a volatile oil component, a plant metabolite, a human metabolite and a Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite. It is a very long-chain fatty acid and a straight-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a tetracosanoate. Tetracosanoic acid, also known as N-tetracosanoate or lignoceric acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as very long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains at least 22 carbon atoms. Tetracosanoic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Tetracosanoic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Lignoceric acid (Tetracosanoic acid) is a 24-carbon saturated (24:0) fatty acid, which is synthesized in the developing brain. Lignoceric acid is also a by-product of lignin production. Lignoceric acid can be used for Zellweger cerebro‐hepato‐renal syndrome and adrenoleukodystrophy research[1][2]. Lignoceric acid (Tetracosanoic acid) is a 24-carbon saturated (24:0) fatty acid, which is synthesized in the developing brain. Lignoceric acid is also a by-product of lignin production. Lignoceric acid can be used for Zellweger cerebro‐hepato‐renal syndrome and adrenoleukodystrophy research[1][2].
5-(8-Pentadecenyl)-1,3-benzenediol
5-(8-Pentadecenyl)-1,3-benzenediol is found in cashew nut. 5-(8-Pentadecenyl)-1,3-benzenediol is isolated from Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo) fruit Isolated from Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo) fruits. 5-(8-Pentadecenyl)-1,3-benzenediol is found in cashew nut, ginkgo nuts, and fats and oils.
Vaccenic acid
Vaccenic acid is a naturally occurring trans fatty acid. It is the predominant kind of trans-fatty acid found in human milk, in the fat of ruminants, and in dairy products such as milk, butter, and yogurt. Trans fat in human milk may depend on trans fat content in food. Its IUPAC name is (11E)-11-octadecenoic acid, and its lipid shorthand name is 18:1 trans-11. The name was derived from the Latin vacca (cow). Vaccenic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Vaccenic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Occurs in small proportions in ruminant fats (e.g., butter) via biohydrogenation of dietary polyene acids. Vaccenic acid is found in many foods, some of which are almond, romaine lettuce, butter, and pak choy. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level.
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol. This is because researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones in 1784. In the body, cholesterol can exist in either the free form or as an ester with a single fatty acid (of 10-20 carbons in length) covalently attached to the hydroxyl group at position 3 of the cholesterol ring. Due to the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Most of the cholesterol consumed as a dietary lipid exists as cholesterol esters. Cholesterol esters have a lower solubility in water than cholesterol and are more hydrophobic. They are hydrolyzed by the pancreatic enzyme cholesterol esterase to produce cholesterol and free fatty acids. Cholesterol has vital structural roles in membranes and in lipid metabolism in general. It is a biosynthetic precursor of bile acids, vitamin D, and steroid hormones (glucocorticoids, estrogens, progesterones, androgens and aldosterone). In addition, it contributes to the development and functioning of the central nervous system, and it has major functions in signal transduction and sperm development. Cholesterol is a ubiquitous component of all animal tissues where much of it is located in the membranes, although it is not evenly distributed. The highest proportion of unesterified cholesterol is in the plasma membrane (roughly 30-50\\\\% of the lipid in the membrane or 60-80\\\\% of the cholesterol in the cell), while mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum have very low cholesterol contents. Cholesterol is also enriched in early and recycling endosomes, but not in late endosomes. The brain contains more cholesterol than any other organ where it comprises roughly a quarter of the total free cholesterol in the human body. Of all the organic constituents of blood, only glucose is present in a higher molar concentration than cholesterol. Cholesterol esters appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and as a biologically inert storage (de-toxified) form. They do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles. Cholesterol molecules (i.e. cholesterol esters) are transported throughout the body via lipoprotein particles. The largest lipoproteins, which primarily transport fats from the intestinal mucosa to the liver, are called chylomicrons. They carry mostly triglyceride fats and cholesterol that are from food, especially internal cholesterol secreted by the liver into the bile. In the liver, chylomicron particles give up triglycerides and some cholesterol. They are then converted into low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, which carry triglycerides and cholesterol on to other body cells. In healthy individuals, the LDL particles are large and relatively few in number. In contrast, large numbers of small LDL particles are strongly associated with promoting atheromatous disease within the arteries. (Lack of information on LDL particle number and size is one of the major problems of conventional lipid tests.). In conditions with elevated concentrations of oxidized LDL particles, especially small LDL particles, cholesterol promotes atheroma plaque deposits in the walls of arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis, which is a major contributor to coronary heart disease and other forms of cardiovascular disease. There is a worldwide trend to believe that lower total cholesterol levels tend to correlate with lower atherosclerosis event rates (though some studies refute this idea). As a result, cholesterol has become a very large focus for the scientific community trying to determine the proper amount of cholesterol needed in a healthy diet. However, the primary association of atherosclerosis with c... Constituent either free or as esters, of fish liver oils, lard, dairy fats, egg yolk and bran Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid
2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid is an intermediate in tyrosine metabolism. It is reversibly converted from 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate via phenylpyruvate tautomerase. 2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid is typically a terminal product of tyrosine metabolism. [HMDB] 2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid is an intermediate in tyrosine metabolism. It is reversibly converted from 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate via phenylpyruvate tautomerase. 2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propenoic acid is typically a terminal product of tyrosine metabolism.
Indoxyl
Indoxyl, also known as 1H-indol-3-ol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxyindoles. These are organic compounds containing an indole moiety that carries a hydroxyl group. Indoxyl is isomeric with oxindol and is obtained as an oily liquid. Indoxyl exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Indoxyl is obtained from indican, which is a glycoside. Obermayers reagent is a dilute solution FeCl3 in hydrochloric acid. The hydrolysis of indican yields β-D-glucose and indoxyl. Indigo dye is a product of the reaction of indoxyl by a mild oxidizing agent such as atmospheric oxygen. In chemistry, indoxyl is a nitrogenous substance with the chemical formula: C8H7NO. Indoxyl can be found in urine and is titrated with Obermayers reagent. Indigo dye is a product of the reaction of indoxyl by a mild oxidizing agent, eg. atmospheric oxygen.
Fucosterol
Characteristic sterol of seaweeds; isolated from bladderwrack Fucus vesiculosus. Fucosterol is found in lemon grass and coconut. Fucosterol is found in coconut. Characteristic sterol of seaweeds; isolated from bladderwrack Fucus vesiculosu Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research[1]. Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research[1].
24-Methylenecholesterol
24-Methylenecholesterol, also known as chalinasterol or ostreasterol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ergosterols and derivatives. These are steroids containing ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol or a derivative thereof, which is based on the 3beta-hydroxylated ergostane skeleton. Thus, 24-methylenecholesterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 24-Methylenecholesterol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. 24-Methylenecholesterol is involved in the biosynthesis of steroids. 24-Methylenecholesterol is converted from 5-dehydroepisterol by 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.21). 24-Methylenecholesterol is converted into campesterol by delta24-sterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.72). 24-methylenecholesterol is a 3beta-sterol having the structure of cholesterol with a methylene group at C-24. It has a role as a mouse metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol and a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid. It is functionally related to a cholesterol. 24-Methylenecholesterol is a natural product found in Echinometra lucunter, Ulva fasciata, and other organisms with data available. A 3beta-sterol having the structure of cholesterol with a methylene group at C-24. Constituent of clams and oysters 24-Methylenecholesterol (Ostreasterol), a natural marine sterol, stimulates cholesterol acyltransferase in human macrophages. 24-Methylenecholesterol possess anti-aging effects in yeast. 24-methylenecholesterol enhances honey bee longevity and improves nurse bee physiology[1][2][3].
Nonadecanoic acid
Nonadecanoic acid, also known as n-nonadecanoic acid or nonadecylic acid or C19:0, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms, with nonadecanoic acid (its ester is called nonadecanoate) having 19 carbon atoms. Nonadecanoic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water). It is a solid with a melting point of 69.4°C. It can be found in bacteria, plants, and animals (including animal milk) (Nature 176:882; PMID: 14168161). It is secreted by termites (Rhinotermes marginalis) as part of its defence mechanism (Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B 71:731). Nonadecanoic acid is a C19 straight-chain fatty acid of plant or bacterial origin. An intermediate in the biodegradation of n-icosane, it has been shown to inhibit cancer growth. It has a role as a fungal metabolite. It is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and a long-chain fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a nonadecanoate. Nonadecanoic acid is a natural product found in Staphisagria macrosperma, Malva sylvestris, and other organisms with data available. An odd-numbered long chain fatty acid, likely derived from bacterial or plant sources. Nonadecanoic acid has been found in ox fats and vegetable oils. It is also used by certain insects as a phermone. [HMDB]. A C19 straight-chain fatty acid of plant or bacterial origin. An intermediate in the biodegradation of n-icosane, it has been shown to inhibit cancer growth. Nonadecanoic acid is a 19-carbon long saturated fatty acid. Nonadecanoic acid is the major constituent of the substance secreted by Rhinotermes marginalis to defence[1]. Nonadecanoic acid is a 19-carbon long saturated fatty acid. Nonadecanoic acid is the major constituent of the substance secreted by Rhinotermes marginalis to defence[1].
Halistanol sulfate
C29H52O12S3 (688.2620751999999)
Manzamine A
An alkaloid of the class of beta-carbolines isolated from Haliclona and Acanthostrongylophora. It exhibits inhibitory activity against Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (EC 2.7.11.26).
L,L-Cyclo(leucylprolyl)
L,L-Cyclo(leucylprolyl) is found in alcoholic beverages. L,L-Cyclo(leucylprolyl) is produced by microorganisms and is a bitter component of sake and contributes to the flavour of beer. L,L-Cyclo(leucylprolyl), also known as cyclo(leu-pro) or cyclo(L-prolyl-L-leucyl), belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alpha amino acids and derivatives. These are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon), or a derivative thereof. L,L-Cyclo(leucylprolyl) is a secondary metabolite. Secondary metabolites are metabolically or physiologically non-essential metabolites that may serve a role as defense or signalling molecules. In some cases they are simply molecules that arise from the incomplete metabolism of other secondary metabolites. Based on a literature review a significant number of articles have been published on L,L-Cyclo(leucylprolyl). L-Leucyl-L-proline lactam. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=2873-36-1 (retrieved 2024-07-10) (CAS RN: 2873-36-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) is an inhibitory substance targeting to production of norsolorinic acid (NA，a precursor of aflatoxin)，which can be isolated from A. xylosoxidans NFRI-A1. Cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) inhibits accumulation of NA by A. parasiticus NFRI-95 and inhibits spore formation. Cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) inhibits aflatoxin production with an IC50 of 0.2 mg/mL in A. parasiticus SYS-4[1].
Indole-3-carbinol
Indole-3-carbinol, also known as 3-indolylcarbinol or 1H-indole-3-methanol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 3-alkylindoles. 3-Alkylindoles are compounds containing an indole moiety that carries an alkyl chain at the 3-position. Indole-3-carbinol is a dietary indole present in cruciferous vegetables that has been shown to influence estradiol metabolism in humans and may provide a new chemopreventive approach to estrogen-dependent diseases (PMID:2342128). Indole-3-carbinol is produced by members of the family Cruciferae, particularly members of the genus Brassica (e.g. cabbage, radishes, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and daikon). Indole-3-carbinol is metabolized into a number of products, including the dimeric 3,3-diindolylmethane. Both 3,3-diindolylmethane and indole-3-carbinol are thought to have biological effects. Indole-3-carbinol is a natural chemopreventive compound. It has multiple anticarcinogenic and antitumorigenic properties; it can suppress the proliferation of certain cancer cells, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, endometrial cancer, colon cancer, and leukemic cells (PMID:16634522, 16082211). Produced from glucosinolates in Brassica species on crushing or cooking. Potential nutriceutical D020011 - Protective Agents > D016588 - Anticarcinogenic Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) inhibits NF-κB activity and also is an Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist, and an inhibitor of WWP1 (WW domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase 1).
Heneicosanoic acid
Henicosanoic acid, also known as N-heneicosanoate or 21:0,is a long-chain fatty acid that is henicosane in which one of the methyl groups has been oxidised to give the corresponding carboxylic acid. It is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and a long-chain fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a henicosanoate. Heneicosanoic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Heneicosanoic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Heneicosanoic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Isolated from olive oil (Olea europaea) Heneicosanoic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid which is found in plants and animals[1][2][3]. Heneicosanoic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid which is found in plants and animals[1][2][3].
Heptadecanoic acid
Heptadecanoic acid, or margaric acid, is a saturated fatty acid. It occurs as a trace component of the fat and milkfat of ruminants, but it does not occur in any natural animal or vegetable fat at concentrations over half a percent. Salts and esters of heptadecanoic acid are called heptadecanoates (Wikipedia). Heptadecanoic acid is found in many foods, some of which are dandelion, potato, ginger, and green bean. Heptadecanoic acid is a constituent of Erythrina crista-galli trunkwood and bark. Common constituent of lipids, e.g. present in Physalia physalis (Portuguese-man-of-war). Heptadecanoic acid is a fatty acid of exogenous (primarily ruminant) origin. Many "odd" length long chain amino acids are derived from the consumption of dairy fats (milk and meat). Heptadecanoic acid constitutes 0.61\\\\% of milk fat and 0.83\\\\% of ruminant meat fat. The content of heptadecanoic acid in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of humans appears to be a good biological marker of long-term milk fat intake in free-living individuals in populations with high consumption of dairy products. (PMID 9701185). Heptadecanoic acid is an odd chain saturated fatty acid (OCS-FA). Heptadecanoic acid is associated with several diseases, including the incidence of coronary heart disease, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as well as multiple sclerosis[1]. Heptadecanoic acid is an odd chain saturated fatty acid (OCS-FA). Heptadecanoic acid is associated with several diseases, including the incidence of coronary heart disease, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as well as multiple sclerosis[1].
3-Formyl-6-hydroxyindole
3-Formyl-6-hydroxyindole is found in mushrooms. 3-Formyl-6-hydroxyindole is an alkaloid from the edible mushroom Agrocybe cylindrace
Manzamine A
Contignasterol
15-Docosenoic acid
15-docosenoic acid is a member of the class of compounds known as very long-chain fatty acids. Very long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains at least 22 carbon atoms. 15-docosenoic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 15-docosenoic acid can be found in peanut, which makes 15-docosenoic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
C14:0
Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils.
C17:0
Heptadecanoic acid is an odd chain saturated fatty acid (OCS-FA). Heptadecanoic acid is associated with several diseases, including the incidence of coronary heart disease, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as well as multiple sclerosis[1]. Heptadecanoic acid is an odd chain saturated fatty acid (OCS-FA). Heptadecanoic acid is associated with several diseases, including the incidence of coronary heart disease, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as well as multiple sclerosis[1].
Haliclonyne
Palmitic Acid
COVID info from WikiPathways D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
VACCENIC ACID
An octadecenoic acid having a double bond at position 11; and which can occur in cis- or trans- configurations. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level.
13-Methyltetradecanoic acid
13-Methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD), a saturated branched-chain fatty acid with potent anticancer effects. 13-Methyltetradecanoic acid induces apoptosis in many types of human cancer cells[1][2]. 13-Methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD), a saturated branched-chain fatty acid with potent anticancer effects. 13-Methyltetradecanoic acid induces apoptosis in many types of human cancer cells[1][2].
Fucosterol
A 3beta-sterol consisting of stigmastan-3beta-ol with double bonds at positions 5 and 24(28). (3b,5a,24(28)e)-stigmasta-7,24(28)-dien-3-ol belongs to stigmastanes and derivatives class of compounds. Those are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24 (3b,5a,24(28)e)-stigmasta-7,24(28)-dien-3-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). (3b,5a,24(28)e)-stigmasta-7,24(28)-dien-3-ol can be found in horseradish tree and sunflower, which makes (3b,5a,24(28)e)-stigmasta-7,24(28)-dien-3-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research[1]. Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research[1].
2-Hydroxytricosanoic acid
A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is tricosanoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.
Cholesterol
A cholestanoid consisting of cholestane having a double bond at the 5,6-position as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
Indole-3-carbinol
D020011 - Protective Agents > D016588 - Anticarcinogenic Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents IPB_RECORD: 276; CONFIDENCE confident structure Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) inhibits NF-κB activity and also is an Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist, and an inhibitor of WWP1 (WW domain-containing ubiquitin E3 ligase 1).
1H-Indole-3-carboxylic acid
IPB_RECORD: 302; CONFIDENCE confident structure CONFIDENCE confident structure; IPB_RECORD: 302
Thymidine
C10H14N2O5 (242.09026740000002)
relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.220 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.211 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.213 Thymidine, a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid, is used as a cell synchronizing agent. Thymidine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can arrest cell at G1/S boundary, prior to DNA replication[1][2][3]. Thymidine, a specific precursor of deoxyribonucleic acid, is used as a cell synchronizing agent. Thymidine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can arrest cell at G1/S boundary, prior to DNA replication[1][2][3].
Pregnenolone
A 20-oxo steroid that is pregn-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 20. C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Pregnenolone is a derivative of cholesterol, the product of Cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage (EC 1.14.15.6, CYP11A1); this reaction consists of three consecutive monooxygenations; a 22-hydroxylation, 20-hydroxylation and the cleavage of the C20-C22 bond, yielding pregnenolone. Pregnenolone is the precursor to gonadal steroid hormones and the adrenal corticosteroids. This reaction occurs in steroid hormone-producing tissues such as the adrenal cortex, corpus luteum and placenta. The most notable difference between the placenta and other steroidogenic tissues is that electron supply to CYP11A1 limits the rate at which cholesterol is converted to pregnenolone in the placenta. The limiting component for electron delivery to CYP11A1 is the concentration of adrenodoxin reductase in the mitochondrial matrix which is insufficient to maintain the adrenodoxin pool in a fully reduced state. Pregnenolone is also a neurosteroid, and is produced in the spinal cord; CYP11A1 is the key enzyme catalyzing the conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone, the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of all classes of steroids, and has been localized in sensory networks of the spinal cord dorsal horn. In the adrenal glomerulosa cell angiotensin II, one of the major physiological regulators of mineralocorticoid synthesis, appears to affect most of the cholesterol transfer to the mitochondrial outer membrane and transport to the inner membrane steps and thus to exerts a powerful control over the use of cholesterol for aldosterone production. (PMID: 17222962, 15823613, 16632873, 15134809) [HMDB]. Pregnenolone is found in many foods, some of which are common wheat, yellow bell pepper, oval-leaf huckleberry, and fenugreek. Pregnenolone (3β-Hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one) is a powerful neurosteroid, the main precursor of various steroid hormones including steroid ketones. Pregnenolone acts as a signaling-specific inhibitor of cannabinoid CB1 receptor, inhibits the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that are mediated by the CB1 receptors. Pregnenolone can protect the brain from cannabis intoxication[1][2]. Pregnenolone is also a TRPM3 channel activator, and also can weakly activate TRPM1 channels[3]. Pregnenolone (3β-Hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one) is a powerful neurosteroid, the main precursor of various steroid hormones including steroid ketones. Pregnenolone acts as a signaling-specific inhibitor of cannabinoid CB1 receptor, inhibits the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that are mediated by the CB1 receptors. Pregnenolone can protect the brain from cannabis intoxication[1][2]. Pregnenolone is also a TRPM3 channel activator, and also can weakly activate TRPM1 channels[3].
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole), a banlangen extract, is the product of the oxidative degradation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) by crude enzyme preparations from etiolated pea seedlings. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole) is a biochemical used to prepare analogs of the indole phytoalexin cyclobrassinin[1]. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole), a banlangen extract, is the product of the oxidative degradation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) by crude enzyme preparations from etiolated pea seedlings. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-Formylindole) is a biochemical used to prepare analogs of the indole phytoalexin cyclobrassinin[1].
Lignoceric acid
A C24 straight-chain saturated fatty acid. Lignoceric acid (Tetracosanoic acid) is a 24-carbon saturated (24:0) fatty acid, which is synthesized in the developing brain. Lignoceric acid is also a by-product of lignin production. Lignoceric acid can be used for Zellweger cerebro‐hepato‐renal syndrome and adrenoleukodystrophy research[1][2]. Lignoceric acid (Tetracosanoic acid) is a 24-carbon saturated (24:0) fatty acid, which is synthesized in the developing brain. Lignoceric acid is also a by-product of lignin production. Lignoceric acid can be used for Zellweger cerebro‐hepato‐renal syndrome and adrenoleukodystrophy research[1][2].
Myristic Acid
Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. Myristic acid is a saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils.
Margaric acid
A C17 saturated fatty acid and trace component of fats in ruminants. Heptadecanoic acid is an odd chain saturated fatty acid (OCS-FA). Heptadecanoic acid is associated with several diseases, including the incidence of coronary heart disease, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as well as multiple sclerosis[1]. Heptadecanoic acid is an odd chain saturated fatty acid (OCS-FA). Heptadecanoic acid is associated with several diseases, including the incidence of coronary heart disease, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as well as multiple sclerosis[1].
stearic acid
Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils.
trans-Vaccenic acid
The trans- isomer of vaccenic acid. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level.
Zeaxanthin
Meso-zeaxanthin (3R,3´S-zeaxanthin) is a xanthophyll carotenoid, as it contains oxygen and hydrocarbons, and is one of the three stereoisomers of zeaxanthin. Of the three stereoisomers, meso-zeaxanthin is the second most abundant in nature after 3R,3´R-zeaxanthin, which is produced by plants and algae. To date, meso-zeaxanthin has been identified in specific tissues of marine organisms and in the macula lutea, also known as the "yellow spot", of the human retina . Meso-zeaxanthin is a member of the class of compounds known as xanthophylls. Xanthophylls are carotenoids containing an oxygenated carotene backbone. Carotenes are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family. Xanthophylls arise by oxygenation of the carotene backbone. Meso-zeaxanthin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Meso-zeaxanthin can be found in channel catfish, crustaceans, and fishes, which makes meso-zeaxanthin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids Window width for selecting the precursor ion was 3 Da.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16HP2005 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
Arachidic acid
Arachidonic acid (Icosanoic acid), a long-chain fatty acid, is present in all mammalian cells, typically esterified to membrane phospholipids, and is one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids present in human tissue[1][2]. Arachidonic acid (Icosanoic acid), a long-chain fatty acid, is present in all mammalian cells, typically esterified to membrane phospholipids, and is one of the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids present in human tissue[1][2].
Octadecanoic acid
A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.
Tricosanal
D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents > D000894 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal > D012459 - Salicylates D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents
143-25-9
trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level.
6-Hydroxy-3-[2-(6-hydroxy-2-methylchromen-2-yl)ethyl]-2,4-dimethylbenzaldehyde
6-hydroxymanzamine A
An alkaloid that is manzamine A with a hydroxy substituent at position 6. Isolated from Haliclona and Acanthostrongylophora, it exhibits inhibitory activity against Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (EC 2.7.11.26).
Hexadec-9-enoic acid
A hexadecenoic acid in which the double bond is located at position 9.
Dihydrocholesterol
5α-Cholestan-3β-ol is a derivitized steroid compound. 5α-Cholestan-3β-ol is a derivitized steroid compound.
Hexadecenoate
A long-chain unsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of hexadecenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.
2-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid
A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a hydroxy group and a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group.
Henicosanoic acid
A long-chain fatty acid that is henicosane in which one of the methyl groups has been oxidised to give the corresponding carboxylic acid.
Icosanoic acid
A C20 striaght-chain saturated fatty acid which forms a minor constituent of peanut (L. arachis) and corn oils. Used as an organic thin film in the production of liquid crystals for a wide variety of technical applications.
(4s,5s,6e,8e,11z,26z)-4,5-dihydroxy-16λ⁵,22-diazahexacyclo[16.15.1.1¹,¹⁶.0²,²².0³,¹⁶.0³,¹⁹]pentatriaconta-6,8,11,26-tetraen-16-ylium-35-olate
4a,6a,7-trimethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,4bh,5h,6h,6bh,7h,8h,9h,10h,11h,11ah,11bh,12h-indeno[2,1-a]phenanthrene-2,10a-diol
2-benzyl-4,13,28-trihydroxy-11,26-bis[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-31-thia-3,9,12,18,24,27,32-heptaazapentacyclo[27.2.1.0⁵,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁸.0²⁰,²⁴]dotriaconta-1(32),3,12,27,29-pentaene-10,19,25-trione
C37H49N7O6S3 (783.2906294000001)
ethyl (1s,2r,4s,9s,10s,13r,14r)-13-[(2r,3e,5r)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-2,14-dimethyl-5-oxotetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹⁰,¹⁴]hexadec-6-ene-4-carboxylate
5-[4-(7,8-dihydroxyquinolin-5-yl)-1-[3-(3-methylazecan-1-yl)propyl]pyrrol-3-yl]quinoline-7,8-diol
(1s,2s,3r,4e,6z,9z,16s,18r,32s,33s)-2,3-dihydroxy-14,29-diazapentacyclo[16.14.1.0¹,¹⁴.0¹⁶,³².0²⁹,³³]tritriaconta-4,6,9-triene-18-carbaldehyde
(25e,43e)-4,5,27,31,34,38,42,45-octahydroxy-19-oxoheptatetraconta-25,43-dien-2,32,35,46-tetraynoic acid
(1s)-1-methyl-18-oxa-7λ⁶-thia-10-azahexacyclo[15.6.1.0²,¹⁵.0⁴,¹³.0⁶,¹¹.0²⁰,²⁴]tetracosa-2,4(13),6(11),14,17(24),19-hexaene-5,7,7,12,16-pentone
C22H17NO6S (423.07765420000004)
3-[5-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpent-4-en-1-yl]-6-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylbenzaldehyde
1λ⁵-azabicyclo[13.3.1]nonadeca-1(18),7,15(19),16-tetraen-1-ylium
[C18H28N]+ (258.22216280000004)
(3s,4e,26e,28s)-3,28-dihydroxytriaconta-4,26-dien-1,12,18,29-tetrayne-14,17-dione
[(1r,2s,5s,13s,14r,17r,18s,21s,26s,28s)-1,5,14,18,22,22,26-heptamethyl-10-(sulfooxy)-27-oxaheptacyclo[15.13.0.0²,¹⁴.0⁵,¹³.0⁶,¹¹.0¹⁸,²⁸.0²¹,²⁶]triaconta-6,8,10-trien-7-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
(2z)-2-hydroxy-3-[4-(sulfooxy)phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]tetracosanimidic acid
(4e)-1-[(2s)-2,3-dihydroxypropoxy]hexadec-4-en-6-one
4-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,5h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one
(2r,4s,5r,7r,8s,9r,13r,14s,15r,16s,18s,19r,20r)-5,14,15,16,19,20-hexahydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-(2-methylpropyl)pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan-3-one
(4r,5s,25e,27r,34r,38r,42r,43e,45s)-4,5,27,34,38,42,45-heptahydroxy-19-oxoheptatetraconta-25,43-dien-2,32,35,46-tetraynoic acid
(4s,5r,6r,26e,28r,33r,37r,42s,43e,45r)-4,5,6,28,33,37,42,45-octahydroxy-14-oxoheptatetraconta-26,43-dien-2,31,34,46-tetraynoic acid
(7-methoxy-6-methyl-5,8-dioxoisoquinolin-1-yl)methyl (2z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate
(10z,26z)-1λ⁵,17λ⁵-diazatricyclo[27.3.1.1¹³,¹⁷]tetratriaconta-1(33),10,13,15,17(34),26,29,31-octaene-1,17-bis(ylium)
[C32H48N2]2+ (460.38172879999996)
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]docosanimidic acid
(19e,25e,43e)-4,5,6,27,31,34,38,42,45-nonahydroxy-21-oxoheptatetraconta-19,25,43-trien-2,32,35,46-tetraynoic acid
(1s,2s)-2-[2-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)ethyl]-4-[(1e,3e)-4-[(3s,4s)-3-[2-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-methylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl]buta-1,3-dien-1-yl]-2-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol
(2r)-2-{2-[3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxy-2,6-dimethylphenyl]ethyl}-2-methylchromen-6-ol
2-[2-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)ethyl]-2-methylchromen-6-ol
(1r,3as,3bs,4r,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-[(2r,3e)-6-methylhepta-3,5-dien-2-yl]-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-4,7-diol
2-benzyl-4,13,28-trihydroxy-11,26-bis(2-methanesulfinylethyl)-31-thia-3,9,12,18,24,27,32-heptaazapentacyclo[27.2.1.0⁵,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁸.0²⁰,²⁴]dotriaconta-1(32),3,12,27,29-pentaene-10,19,25-trione
2,6-bis[2-amino-1-(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(2-aminoethyl)-1h-indol-5-ol
(9-hydroxy-5a,10b-dimethyl-3-{1,6,7,11,11-pentamethyl-2-oxatricyclo[8.4.0.0³,⁷]tetradecan-6-yl}-1h,2h,3h,3ah,4h,5h,10h,10ah-cyclopenta[a]fluoren-6-yl)oxidanesulfonic acid
5a,10b-dimethyl-3-{1,6,7,11,11-pentamethyl-2-oxatricyclo[8.4.0.0³,⁷]tetradecan-6-yl}-1h,2h,3h,3ah,4h,5h,10h,10ah-cyclopenta[a]fluorene-6,9-diol
(1r,3as,3bs,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r,3e,5s)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-7-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-4-one
2-[2-amino-1-(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(2-aminoethyl)-1h-indol-5-ol
2-[3-hydroxy-5-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-methylpent-1-en-1-yl]benzene-1,4-diol
2-[(1e)-3-hydroxy-5-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-methylpent-1-en-1-yl]benzene-1,4-diol
ethyl (1s,2r,4s,9s,10s,13r,14r)-4-hydroxy-2,14-dimethyl-13-[(2r)-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-5-oxotetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹⁰,¹⁴]hexadec-6-ene-4-carboxylate
2-(hexadec-13-en-15-yn-1-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
(1r,3as,3bs,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r,4e)-6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl]-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
1,15-diazatricyclo[25.3.1.1¹¹,¹⁵]dotriaconta-11,27-diene
2-[5-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl]benzene-1,4-diol
(4r,5s,19e,21r,25e,27r,34r,38r,42r,43e,45s)-4,5,21,27,34,38,42,45-octahydroxyheptatetraconta-19,25,43-trien-2,32,35,46-tetraynoic acid
ethyl (1s,2r,4s,8r,9s,10s,13r,14r)-13-[(2r,3e,5r)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-4,8-dihydroxy-2,14-dimethyl-5-oxotetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹⁰,¹⁴]hexadec-6-ene-4-carboxylate
33,34-dihydroxy-5,22-diazapentacyclo[16.16.1.0¹,²².0²,²⁰.0⁵,³⁵]pentatriaconta-10,26,29,31-tetraene-18-carbaldehyde
(2r)-n-[(2s,3s,4r,6e)-1-{[(2r,3r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3,4-dihydroxyoctadec-6-en-2-yl]-2-hydroxydocosanimidic acid
(17z)-12,29-diazapentacyclo[23.7.1.1⁸,¹².0¹⁰,²⁶.0²⁹,³³]tetratriaconta-8,17-dien-32-one
(7z)-1λ⁵-azabicyclo[13.3.1]nonadeca-1(18),7,15(19),16-tetraen-1-ylium
[C18H28N]+ (258.22216280000004)
(2r)-2-[(3s,6s)-6-methyl-6-[(3e)-4-methyl-6-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)hex-3-en-1-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]propanoic acid
(1s)-1-methyl-14-oxapentacyclo[11.6.1.0²,¹¹.0⁴,⁹.0¹⁶,²⁰]icosa-2,4(9),6,10,13(20),15-hexaene-5,8,12,17-tetrone
(6r)-6-[(1r,3as,3bs,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-7-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-2-methylhept-1-en-3-one
(3s,4e,14s,15z,17s,26e,28s)-14,17,28-trihydroxytriaconta-4,15,26-trien-1,12,18,29-tetrayn-3-yl acetate
(7-methoxy-6-methyl-5,8-dioxoisoquinolin-1-yl)methyl (2e)-2-methylbut-2-enoate
[(21e)-27-[6,16-bis(sulfooxy)docosyl]-18-hydroxy-28-oxo-17-(sulfooxy)octacos-21-en-7-yl]oxysulfonic acid
C50H98O18S4 (1114.5635688000002)
3-[(3z)-5-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methylpent-3-en-1-yl]-6-methoxy-2,4,4-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one
(1r,3as,3bs,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-7-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-[(2r)-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-4-one
2,16-dimethyl-15-(6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-8-oxapentacyclo[9.7.0.0²,⁷.0⁷,⁹.0¹²,¹⁶]octadecan-5-ol
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]octacos-21-enimidic acid
4-[2-(6-hydroxy-2-methylchromen-2-yl)ethyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
(2s,5s,11s,14s,20s,26s)-2-benzyl-4,13,28-trihydroxy-26-{2-[(r)-methanesulfinyl]ethyl}-11-[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-31-thia-3,9,12,18,24,27,32-heptaazapentacyclo[27.2.1.0⁵,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁸.0²⁰,²⁴]dotriaconta-1(32),3,12,27,29-pentaene-10,19,25-trione
(1s,16z,24r,25s,32r)-12,28-diazapentacyclo[22.7.1.1⁸,¹².0¹⁰,²⁵.0²⁸,³²]tritriaconta-8,16-dien-31-one
(1r,3as,3bs,4s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r,3e,5r)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,5h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one
(1r,2r,8z,12r,13s,21z,26s,27r)-27-{9h-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl}-25-oxa-3,16-diazapentacyclo[11.11.3.1¹²,¹⁶.0¹,²⁶.0²,¹²]octacosa-8,21-diene
(1s,2r,10z,18r,20s,26z,29z,31e,33s,34s,35s)-33,34-dihydroxy-5,22-diazapentacyclo[16.16.1.0¹,²².0²,²⁰.0⁵,³⁵]pentatriaconta-10,26,29,31-tetraene-18-carbaldehyde
(5r)-5-hydroxy-4-[(3e)-4-methyl-6-[(1s,6s)-1,2,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]hex-3-en-1-yl]-5h-furan-2-one
[(1r,3ar,3br,4r,5r,5as,6s,7r,8s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroxy-1-[(2s,3s,5r)-3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethylheptan-2-yl]-9a,11a-dimethyl-3-oxo-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-8-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
(8z)-1λ⁵-azabicyclo[14.3.1]icosa-1(19),8,16(20),17-tetraen-1-ylium
ethyl (1s,2r,4s,8r,9s,10s,13r,14r)-4,8-dihydroxy-2,14-dimethyl-13-[(2r)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-5-oxotetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹⁰,¹⁴]hexadec-6-ene-4-carboxylate
o-phosphoethanolamine; bis(nonane)
C20H48NO4P (397.33207780000004)
(2r)-n-[(2s,3s,4r,6e)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadec-6-en-2-yl]-2-hydroxydocosanimidic acid
C52H99NO15 (977.7014343999999)
1-(5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl)-7-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-4-one
(3-{2-[(1r,2r,3s)-3-{2-[(5as,6r,7r,9as)-6-hydroxy-2,2,5a,7-tetramethyl-hexahydro-3h-1-benzoxepin-6-yl]ethyl}-1,3-dimethyl-2-(3-oxobutyl)cyclohexyl]-2-oxoethyl}-4-(sulfooxy)phenyl)oxidanesulfonic acid
C36H56O12S2 (744.3213016000001)
3-[5-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methylpent-3-en-1-yl]-5,6-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethylbenzaldehyde
(2r,21z)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]octacos-21-enimidic acid
(1r,3as,3br,4s,5as,9as,9bs,11ar)-1-ethenyl-9a,11a-dimethyl-7-oxo-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-4-yl acetate
[(1s,2s,4ar,4bs,6as,11as,11br,13ar)-2,10-dihydroxy-1,4a,6a,11b-tetramethyl-1-{2-[(1s)-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]ethyl}-2h,3h,4h,4bh,5h,6h,11h,11ah,12h,13h,13ah-indeno[2,1-a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
(1r,2s)-2-[2-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)ethyl]-4-[(1e,3e)-4-[(3s,4r)-3-[2-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)ethyl]-4-hydroxy-3-methylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl]buta-1,3-dien-1-yl]-2-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]octacos-21-enimidic acid
1-(6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-4-en-2-yl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
ethyl 13-(5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl)-4-hydroxy-2,14-dimethyl-5-oxotetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹⁰,¹⁴]hexadec-6-ene-4-carboxylate
3-[(3e)-5-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methylpent-3-en-1-yl]-6-methoxy-2,4,4-trimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one
(1r,3as,3bs,9ar,9bs,11ar)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-[(2r)-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one
4-{2-[(2s)-6-hydroxy-2-methylchromen-2-yl]ethyl}-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
(1s,2s,4ar,4bs,6as,11as,11br,13ar)-2,10-dihydroxy-1,4a,6a,11b-tetramethyl-1-{2-[(1s,6r)-1,2,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]ethyl}-2h,3h,4h,4bh,5h,6h,11h,11ah,12h,13h,13ah-indeno[2,1-a]phenanthrene-7-carbaldehyde
4-{2-[(2r)-6-hydroxy-2-methylchromen-2-yl]ethyl}-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
(1s,2r,5s,7s,9r,11s,12s,15r,16r)-2,16-dimethyl-15-[(2r)-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-8-oxapentacyclo[9.7.0.0²,⁷.0⁷,⁹.0¹²,¹⁶]octadecan-5-ol
(1r,3as,3bs,5as,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-ethenyl-9a-(hydroxymethyl)-11a-methyl-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl acetate
ethyl 4-hydroxy-2,14-dimethyl-13-(6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-5-oxotetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹⁰,¹⁴]hexadec-6-ene-4-carboxylate
2-amino-3-{[2-(butanoyloxy)-3-(propanoyloxy)propoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy}propanoic acid
1-(5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-4,7-diol
(5s)-5-hydroxy-4-[(3e)-4-methyl-6-[(1s,6s)-1,2,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]hex-3-en-1-yl]-5h-furan-2-one
(4e)-13-{5-[(9e)-11-hydroxytridec-9-en-1,12-diyn-1-yl]furan-2-yl}tridec-4-en-1,12-diyn-3-ol
1-(5-isopropylhept-5-en-2-yl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
(5z)-25-{1h,2h,3h,4h,9h-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl}-23-[(8z)-27-{9h-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl}-25-oxa-3,16-diazapentacyclo[11.11.3.1¹²,¹⁶.0¹,²⁶.0²,¹²]octacosa-8,14-dien-14-yl]-11,22-diazatetracyclo[11.11.2.1²,²².0²,¹²]heptacos-5-ene-13,26-diol
(3r,15z,19z)-hexatriaconta-15,19-dien-1,11-diyn-3-ol
(1r,3as,3bs,4r,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-[(2r)-6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl]-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-4,7-diol
(4r)-4-[(3e)-5-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-methylpent-3-en-1-yl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
(1r,2r,4s,5r,7r,8s,9r,12s,13r,16r,18s,19r,20r)-5,16,19,20-tetrahydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-(2-methylpropyl)pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan-3-one
n-(3,4-dihydroxy-1-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadec-6-en-2-yl)-2-hydroxydocosanimidic acid
C52H99NO15 (977.7014343999999)
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]pentacos-16-enimidic acid
(1r,2r,4r,12r,13s)-25-{6-hydroxy-9h-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl}-11,22-diazapentacyclo[11.11.2.1²,²².0²,¹².0⁴,¹¹]heptacosa-5,16,25-trien-13-ol
[(5as,10br)-5a,10b-dimethyl-2-[(1s,6r,7s)-1,6,7,11,11-pentamethyl-2-oxatricyclo[8.4.0.0³,⁷]tetradecan-6-yl]-9-(sulfooxy)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,4h,5h,10h,10ah-cyclopenta[a]fluoren-6-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
[(1r,5s,7s,8s,9ar,11ar)-9a,11a-dimethyl-7,8-bis(sulfooxy)-1-[(2r)-5,6,6-trimethylheptan-2-yl]-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-5-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
C29H52O12S3 (688.2620751999999)
2-[(2e)-5-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl]benzene-1,4-diol
(1r,2r,4r,5z,12r,13r,16z)-25-{6-hydroxy-9h-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl}-11,22-diazapentacyclo[11.11.2.1²,²².0²,¹².0⁴,¹¹]heptacosa-5,16,25-trien-13-ol
(4e,14s,15z,17s,26e,28s)-14,17,28-trihydroxytriaconta-4,15,26-trien-1,12,18,29-tetrayn-3-one
(2s,5s,11s,14s,20s,26s)-2-benzyl-4,13,28-trihydroxy-11,26-bis({2-[(s)-methanesulfinyl]ethyl})-31-thia-3,9,12,18,24,27,32-heptaazapentacyclo[27.2.1.0⁵,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁸.0²⁰,²⁴]dotriaconta-1(32),3,12,27,29-pentaene-10,19,25-trione
ethyl 4-hydroxy-2,14-dimethyl-13-(6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-5-oxotetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹⁰,¹⁴]hexadec-6-ene-4-carboxylate
2-[(1e,3s)-3-hydroxy-5-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-methylpent-1-en-1-yl]benzene-1,4-diol
1λ⁵,17λ⁵,33λ⁵-triazatetracyclo[43.3.1.1¹³,¹⁷.1²⁹,³³]henpentaconta-1(49),10,13,15,17(51),26,29,31,33(50),42,45,47-dodecaene-1,17,33-tris(ylium)
4,5,27,34,38,42,45-heptahydroxy-19-oxoheptatetraconta-25,43-dien-2,32,35,46-tetraynoic acid
n-[1-({6-[({4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl}oxy)methyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl}oxy)-3,4-dihydroxyoctadec-6-en-2-yl]-2-hydroxydocosanimidic acid
(2s,5s,11s,14s,20s,26s)-2-benzyl-4,13,28-trihydroxy-11,26-bis[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-31-thia-3,9,12,18,24,27,32-heptaazapentacyclo[27.2.1.0⁵,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁸.0²⁰,²⁴]dotriaconta-1(32),3,12,27,29-pentaene-10,19,25-trione
C37H49N7O6S3 (783.2906294000001)
ethyl 4-hydroxy-2,14-dimethyl-13-(6-methylheptan-2-yl)-5-oxotetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹⁰,¹⁴]hexadec-6-ene-4-carboxylate
5-[4-(7,8-dihydroxyquinolin-5-yl)-1-{3-[(3r)-3-methylazecan-1-yl]propyl}pyrrol-3-yl]quinoline-7,8-diol
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]heptacos-20-enimidic acid
2-[(2e)-5-[(1s,2s)-2-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexyl]-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl]benzene-1,4-diol
methyl 3-methyl-5-(1,2,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)pent-2-enoate
[(21e,26e)-27-[6,16-bis(sulfooxy)docosyl]-18-hydroxy-28-oxo-17-(sulfooxy)octacosa-21,26-dien-7-yl]oxysulfonic acid
C50H96O18S4 (1112.5479196000001)
