NCBI Taxonomy: 6056
Chalinidae (ncbi_taxid: 6056)
found 59 associated metabolites at family taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Haplosclerida
Child Taxonomies: Haliclona, Dendroxea, Chalinula, Cladocroce, unclassified Chalinidae
Stearic acid
Stearic acid, also known as stearate or N-octadecanoic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. Long-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Thus, stearic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Stearic acid is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Stearic acid can be synthesized from octadecane. Stearic acid is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, 3-oxooctadecanoic acid, (9S,10S)-10-hydroxy-9-(phosphonooxy)octadecanoic acid, and 16-methyloctadecanoic acid. Stearic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green bell pepper, common oregano, ucuhuba, and babassu palm, which makes stearic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Stearic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including urine, feces, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and sweat, as well as throughout most human tissues. Stearic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, stearic acid is involved in the plasmalogen synthesis. Stearic acid is also involved in mitochondrial beta-oxidation of long chain saturated fatty acids, which is a metabolic disorder. Moreover, stearic acid is found to be associated with schizophrenia. Stearic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Stearic acid ( STEER-ik, stee-ARR-ik) is a saturated fatty acid with an 18-carbon chain and has the IUPAC name octadecanoic acid. It is a waxy solid and its chemical formula is C17H35CO2H. Its name comes from the Greek word στέαρ "stéar", which means tallow. The salts and esters of stearic acid are called stearates. As its ester, stearic acid is one of the most common saturated fatty acids found in nature following palmitic acid. The triglyceride derived from three molecules of stearic acid is called stearin . Stearic acid, also known as octadecanoic acid or C18:0, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Stearic acid (its ester is called stearate) is a saturated fatty acid that has 18 carbons and is therefore a very hydrophobic molecule that is practically insoluble in water. It exists as a waxy solid. In terms of its biosynthesis, stearic acid is produced from carbohydrates via the fatty acid synthesis machinery wherein acetyl-CoA contributes two-carbon building blocks, up to the 16-carbon palmitate, via the enzyme complex fatty acid synthase (FA synthase), at which point a fatty acid elongase is needed to further lengthen it. After synthesis, there are a variety of reactions it may undergo, including desaturation to oleate via stearoyl-CoA desaturase (PMID: 16477801). Stearic acid is found in all living organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. It is one of the useful types of saturated fatty acids that comes from many animal and vegetable fats and oils. For example, it is a component of cocoa butter and shea butter. It is used as a food additive, in cleaning and personal care products, and in lubricants. Its name comes from the Greek word stear, which means ‚Äòtallow‚Äô or ‚Äòhard fat‚Äô. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils.
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol. This is because researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones in 1784. In the body, cholesterol can exist in either the free form or as an ester with a single fatty acid (of 10-20 carbons in length) covalently attached to the hydroxyl group at position 3 of the cholesterol ring. Due to the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Most of the cholesterol consumed as a dietary lipid exists as cholesterol esters. Cholesterol esters have a lower solubility in water than cholesterol and are more hydrophobic. They are hydrolyzed by the pancreatic enzyme cholesterol esterase to produce cholesterol and free fatty acids. Cholesterol has vital structural roles in membranes and in lipid metabolism in general. It is a biosynthetic precursor of bile acids, vitamin D, and steroid hormones (glucocorticoids, estrogens, progesterones, androgens and aldosterone). In addition, it contributes to the development and functioning of the central nervous system, and it has major functions in signal transduction and sperm development. Cholesterol is a ubiquitous component of all animal tissues where much of it is located in the membranes, although it is not evenly distributed. The highest proportion of unesterified cholesterol is in the plasma membrane (roughly 30-50\\\\% of the lipid in the membrane or 60-80\\\\% of the cholesterol in the cell), while mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum have very low cholesterol contents. Cholesterol is also enriched in early and recycling endosomes, but not in late endosomes. The brain contains more cholesterol than any other organ where it comprises roughly a quarter of the total free cholesterol in the human body. Of all the organic constituents of blood, only glucose is present in a higher molar concentration than cholesterol. Cholesterol esters appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and as a biologically inert storage (de-toxified) form. They do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles. Cholesterol molecules (i.e. cholesterol esters) are transported throughout the body via lipoprotein particles. The largest lipoproteins, which primarily transport fats from the intestinal mucosa to the liver, are called chylomicrons. They carry mostly triglyceride fats and cholesterol that are from food, especially internal cholesterol secreted by the liver into the bile. In the liver, chylomicron particles give up triglycerides and some cholesterol. They are then converted into low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, which carry triglycerides and cholesterol on to other body cells. In healthy individuals, the LDL particles are large and relatively few in number. In contrast, large numbers of small LDL particles are strongly associated with promoting atheromatous disease within the arteries. (Lack of information on LDL particle number and size is one of the major problems of conventional lipid tests.). In conditions with elevated concentrations of oxidized LDL particles, especially small LDL particles, cholesterol promotes atheroma plaque deposits in the walls of arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis, which is a major contributor to coronary heart disease and other forms of cardiovascular disease. There is a worldwide trend to believe that lower total cholesterol levels tend to correlate with lower atherosclerosis event rates (though some studies refute this idea). As a result, cholesterol has become a very large focus for the scientific community trying to determine the proper amount of cholesterol needed in a healthy diet. However, the primary association of atherosclerosis with c... Constituent either free or as esters, of fish liver oils, lard, dairy fats, egg yolk and bran Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
24-Methylenecholesterol
24-Methylenecholesterol, also known as chalinasterol or ostreasterol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ergosterols and derivatives. These are steroids containing ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol or a derivative thereof, which is based on the 3beta-hydroxylated ergostane skeleton. Thus, 24-methylenecholesterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 24-Methylenecholesterol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. 24-Methylenecholesterol is involved in the biosynthesis of steroids. 24-Methylenecholesterol is converted from 5-dehydroepisterol by 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.21). 24-Methylenecholesterol is converted into campesterol by delta24-sterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.72). 24-methylenecholesterol is a 3beta-sterol having the structure of cholesterol with a methylene group at C-24. It has a role as a mouse metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol and a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid. It is functionally related to a cholesterol. 24-Methylenecholesterol is a natural product found in Echinometra lucunter, Ulva fasciata, and other organisms with data available. A 3beta-sterol having the structure of cholesterol with a methylene group at C-24. Constituent of clams and oysters 24-Methylenecholesterol (Ostreasterol), a natural marine sterol, stimulates cholesterol acyltransferase in human macrophages. 24-Methylenecholesterol possess anti-aging effects in yeast. 24-methylenecholesterol enhances honey bee longevity and improves nurse bee physiology[1][2][3].
Heneicosanoic acid
Henicosanoic acid, also known as N-heneicosanoate or 21:0,is a long-chain fatty acid that is henicosane in which one of the methyl groups has been oxidised to give the corresponding carboxylic acid. It is a straight-chain saturated fatty acid and a long-chain fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a henicosanoate. Heneicosanoic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Heneicosanoic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Heneicosanoic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Isolated from olive oil (Olea europaea) Heneicosanoic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid which is found in plants and animals[1][2][3]. Heneicosanoic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid which is found in plants and animals[1][2][3].
Cholesterol
A cholestanoid consisting of cholestane having a double bond at the 5,6-position as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
stearic acid
Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils.
trans-Vaccenic acid
The trans- isomer of vaccenic acid. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level.
Octadecanoic acid
A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.
143-25-9
trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level. trans-Vaccenic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of saturated fatty acid in the rumen and of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at the tissue level.
Henicosanoic acid
A long-chain fatty acid that is henicosane in which one of the methyl groups has been oxidised to give the corresponding carboxylic acid.
(4s,5s,6e,8e,11z,26z)-4,5-dihydroxy-16λ⁵,22-diazahexacyclo[16.15.1.1¹,¹⁶.0²,²².0³,¹⁶.0³,¹⁹]pentatriaconta-6,8,11,26-tetraen-16-ylium-35-olate
4a,6a,7-trimethyl-1h,2h,3h,4h,4bh,5h,6h,6bh,7h,8h,9h,10h,11h,11ah,11bh,12h-indeno[2,1-a]phenanthrene-2,10a-diol
2-benzyl-4,13,28-trihydroxy-11,26-bis[2-(methylsulfanyl)ethyl]-31-thia-3,9,12,18,24,27,32-heptaazapentacyclo[27.2.1.0⁵,⁹.0¹⁴,¹⁸.0²⁰,²⁴]dotriaconta-1(32),3,12,27,29-pentaene-10,19,25-trione
C37H49N7O6S3 (783.2906294000001)
ethyl (1s,2r,4s,9s,10s,13r,14r)-13-[(2r,3e,5r)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-4-hydroxy-2,14-dimethyl-5-oxotetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹⁰,¹⁴]hexadec-6-ene-4-carboxylate
5-[4-(7,8-dihydroxyquinolin-5-yl)-1-[3-(3-methylazecan-1-yl)propyl]pyrrol-3-yl]quinoline-7,8-diol
(1s,2s,3r,4e,6z,9z,16s,18r,32s,33s)-2,3-dihydroxy-14,29-diazapentacyclo[16.14.1.0¹,¹⁴.0¹⁶,³².0²⁹,³³]tritriaconta-4,6,9-triene-18-carbaldehyde
(25e,43e)-4,5,27,31,34,38,42,45-octahydroxy-19-oxoheptatetraconta-25,43-dien-2,32,35,46-tetraynoic acid
(1s)-1-methyl-18-oxa-7λ⁶-thia-10-azahexacyclo[15.6.1.0²,¹⁵.0⁴,¹³.0⁶,¹¹.0²⁰,²⁴]tetracosa-2,4(13),6(11),14,17(24),19-hexaene-5,7,7,12,16-pentone
C22H17NO6S (423.07765420000004)
3-[5-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-methylpent-4-en-1-yl]-6-hydroxy-2,4-dimethylbenzaldehyde
1λ⁵-azabicyclo[13.3.1]nonadeca-1(18),7,15(19),16-tetraen-1-ylium
[C18H28N]+ (258.22216280000004)
(3s,4e,26e,28s)-3,28-dihydroxytriaconta-4,26-dien-1,12,18,29-tetrayne-14,17-dione
[(1r,2s,5s,13s,14r,17r,18s,21s,26s,28s)-1,5,14,18,22,22,26-heptamethyl-10-(sulfooxy)-27-oxaheptacyclo[15.13.0.0²,¹⁴.0⁵,¹³.0⁶,¹¹.0¹⁸,²⁸.0²¹,²⁶]triaconta-6,8,10-trien-7-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
(2z)-2-hydroxy-3-[4-(sulfooxy)phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]tetracosanimidic acid
(4e)-1-[(2s)-2,3-dihydroxypropoxy]hexadec-4-en-6-one
4-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,5h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-one
(2r,4s,5r,7r,8s,9r,13r,14s,15r,16s,18s,19r,20r)-5,14,15,16,19,20-hexahydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-(2-methylpropyl)pentacyclo[10.8.0.0²,⁹.0⁴,⁸.0¹³,¹⁸]icosan-3-one
(4r,5s,25e,27r,34r,38r,42r,43e,45s)-4,5,27,34,38,42,45-heptahydroxy-19-oxoheptatetraconta-25,43-dien-2,32,35,46-tetraynoic acid
(4s,5r,6r,26e,28r,33r,37r,42s,43e,45r)-4,5,6,28,33,37,42,45-octahydroxy-14-oxoheptatetraconta-26,43-dien-2,31,34,46-tetraynoic acid
(7-methoxy-6-methyl-5,8-dioxoisoquinolin-1-yl)methyl (2z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate
(10z,26z)-1λ⁵,17λ⁵-diazatricyclo[27.3.1.1¹³,¹⁷]tetratriaconta-1(33),10,13,15,17(34),26,29,31-octaene-1,17-bis(ylium)
[C32H48N2]2+ (460.38172879999996)