Classification Term: 167936

Isocorydine

C20H23NO4 (341.1627)

Isocorydine is an aporphine alkaloid. Isocorydine is a natural product found in Sarcocapnos saetabensis, Thalictrum delavayi, and other organisms with data available. (S)-Isocorydine is found in cherimoya. (S)-Isocorydine is an alkaloid from Peumus boldus (boldo). (S)-Isocorydine belongs to the family of Aporphines. These are quinoline alkaloids containing the dibenzo[de,g]quinoline ring system. See also: Peumus boldus leaf (part of). (S)-Isocorydine is found in cherimoya. (S)-Isocorydine is an alkaloid from Peumus boldus (boldo Alkaloid from Peumus boldus (boldo). (S)-Isocorydine is found in cherimoya and poppy. CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2324 Isocorydine is isolated from Dicranostigma leptopodum (Maxim.) Fedde (DLF). Isocorydine combines with Doxorubicin (DOX) has a promising potential to eradicate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)[1]. Isocorydine is isolated from Dicranostigma leptopodum (Maxim.) Fedde (DLF). Isocorydine combines with Doxorubicin (DOX) has a promising potential to eradicate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)[1].

Tetrahydropalmatine hydrochloride

C21H25NO4.HCl (391.155)

Tetrahydropalmatine hydrochloride (Gindarine hydrochloride) is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in several different plant species, mainly in the Corydalis genus (Yan Hu Suo). It is a potent muscle relaxant. Tetrahydropalmatine (THP) is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in several different plant species, mainly in the genus Corydalis (Yan Hu Suo),[1][2] but also in other plants such as Stephania rotunda.[3] These plants have traditional uses in Chinese herbal medicine. The pharmaceutical industry has synthetically produced the more potent enantiomer Levo-tetrahydropalmatine (Levo-THP), which has been marketed worldwide under different brand names as an alternative to anxiolytic and sedative drugs of the benzodiazepine group and analgesics such as opiates. It is also sold as a dietary supplement. In 1940, a Vietnamese scientist Sang Dinh Bui extracted an alkaloid from the root of Stephania rotunda with the yield of 1.2–1.5\\\\% and he named this compound rotundine. From 1950 to 1952, two Indian scientists studied and extracted from Stephania glabra another alkaloid named hyndanrine. In 1965, the structure of rotundine and hyndarin was proved to be the same as tetrahydropalmatine.[4] 6H-Dibenzo[a,g]quinolizine, 5,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-, hydrochloride (1:1). CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=2506-20-9 (retrieved 2024-07-09) (CAS RN: 6024-85-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Tetrahydropalmatine (DL-Tetrahydropalmatine) hydrochloride possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine hydrochloride acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats[1]. Tetrahydropalmatine (DL-Tetrahydropalmatine) hydrochloride possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine hydrochloride acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats[1]. Tetrahydropalmatine (DL-Tetrahydropalmatine) hydrochloride possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine hydrochloride acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats[1].

Berbamine

C37H40N2O6 (608.2886)

Berbamine is a member of isoquinolines and a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Berbamine is a natural product found in Berberis poiretii, Berberis integerrima Berbamine inhibits the proliferation of KM3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Combination of berbamine with dexamethasone (Dex), doxorubicin (Dox) or arsenic trioxide (ATO) resulted in enhanced inhibition of cell growth. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that KM3 cells were arrested at G1 phase and apoptotic cells increased from 0.54\\\% to 51.83\\\% for 36 h. Morphological changes of cells undergoing apoptosis were observed under light microscope. Berbamine treatment led to increased expression of A20, down-regulation of IKKα, p-IκBα, and followed by inhibition of p65 nuclear localization. As a result, NF-κB downstream targets such as cyclinD1, Bcl-xL, Bid and survivin were down-regulated. Berbamine inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection by compromising TRPMLs-mediated endolysosomal trafficking of ACE2. (+)-Berbamine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=478-61-5 (retrieved 2024-06-29) (CAS RN: 478-61-5). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Berbamine is a natural compound extracted from traditional Chinese medicine?Phellodendron amurense Rupr. with anti-tumor, immunomodulatory and cardiovascular effects. Berbamine?is a calcium channel blocker. Berbamine is a natural compound extracted from traditional Chinese medicine?Phellodendron amurense Rupr. with anti-tumor, immunomodulatory and cardiovascular effects. Berbamine?is a calcium channel blocker.

Cephaeline

C28H38N2O4 (466.2831)

Cephaeline is a pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having a hydroxy group at the 6-position and methoxy substituents at the 7-, 10- and 11-positions. It derives from a hydride of an emetan. Cephaeline is a natural product found in Dorstenia psilurus, Pogonopus tubulosus, and other organisms with data available. Cephaeline is an alkaloid compound that belongs to the isoquinoline alkaloid family. It is naturally found in certain plant species, particularly those of the Cephalotaxus genus, which includes trees and shrubs native to East Asia and the Himalayas. Cephaeline is known for its pharmacological properties and has been the subject of various studies for its potential therapeutic applications. Chemically, cephaeline has a complex structure characterized by an isoquinoline core with additional functional groups attached. It is classified as a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, reflecting its biosynthetic origin from the amino acid tryptophan. The presence of these functional groups contributes to its biological activity and pharmacological effects. In terms of its physical properties, cephaeline is typically a crystalline solid with a defined melting point. It is slightly soluble in water but more soluble in organic solvents, which is common for alkaloids of its class. The exact color and solubility characteristics can vary depending on the presence of impurities or derivatives. Cephaeline has been of interest in the field of pharmacognosy and drug discovery due to its potential therapeutic effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. However, further research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms of action and potential uses in medicine. Annotation level-1 (-)-Cephaeline. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=483-17-0 (retrieved 2024-07-12) (CAS RN: 483-17-0). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Mesaconitine

C33H45NO11 (631.2992)

Mesaconitine is a diterpenoid. Mesaconitine is a natural product found in Aconitum anthora, Aconitum napellus, and other organisms with data available. Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Terpenoid alkaloids, Diterpene alkaloid, Aconitum alkaloid Annotation level-1 Mesaconitine is the main active component of genus aconitum plants. IC50 value: Target: in vitro: In HUVECs, 30 microM mesaconitine increased the [Ca(2+)](i) level in the presence of extracellular CaCl(2) and NaCl, and the response was inhibited by KBR7943. Mesaconitine increased intracellular Na(+) concentration level in HUVECs. The [Ca(2+)](i) response by mesaconitine was inhibited by 100 microM D-tubocurarine [1]. Mesaconitine at 30 microM inhibited 3 microM phenylephrine-induced contraction in the endothelium-intact, but not endothelium-denuded, aortic rings [2]. MA promoted the alpha-MT-induced decrease in NE levels in hippocampus, medulla oblongata plus pons and spinal cord [3]. Mesaconitine is the main active component of genus aconitum plants. IC50 value: Target: in vitro: In HUVECs, 30 microM mesaconitine increased the [Ca(2+)](i) level in the presence of extracellular CaCl(2) and NaCl, and the response was inhibited by KBR7943. Mesaconitine increased intracellular Na(+) concentration level in HUVECs. The [Ca(2+)](i) response by mesaconitine was inhibited by 100 microM D-tubocurarine [1]. Mesaconitine at 30 microM inhibited 3 microM phenylephrine-induced contraction in the endothelium-intact, but not endothelium-denuded, aortic rings [2]. MA promoted the alpha-MT-induced decrease in NE levels in hippocampus, medulla oblongata plus pons and spinal cord [3].

Berberine

[C20H18NO4]+ (336.1236)

Berberine is an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an alkaloid antibiotic, a botanical anti-fungal agent and a berberine alkaloid. It has a role as an antilipemic drug, a hypoglycemic agent, an antioxidant, a potassium channel blocker, an antineoplastic agent, an EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor, an EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor, an EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor, an EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor, an EC 2.1.1.116 [3-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor, an EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor, an EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor, an EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor, an EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor, an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor, an EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor, an EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor, a geroprotector and a metabolite. An alkaloid from Hydrastis canadensis L., Berberidaceae. It is also found in many other plants. It is relatively toxic parenterally, but has been used orally for various parasitic and fungal infections and as antidiarrheal. Berberine is a quaternary ammonia compound found in many botanical products, including goldenseal, barberry and Oregon grape, which is used for its purported antioxidant and antimicrobial properties for a host of conditions, including obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart failure, H. pylori infection and colonic adenoma prevention. Berberine has not been linked to serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy nor to instances of clinically apparent liver injury. Berberine is a natural product found in Berberis poiretii, Thalictrum delavayi, and other organisms with data available. Berberine is a quaternary ammonium salt of an isoquinoline alkaloid and active component of various Chinese herbs, with potential antineoplastic, radiosensitizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipidemic and antidiabetic activities. Although the mechanisms of action through which berberine exerts its effects are not yet fully elucidated, upon administration this agent appears to suppress the activation of various proteins and/or modulate the expression of a variety of genes involved in tumorigenesis and inflammation, including, but not limited to transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xl), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), C-X-C motif chemokine 2 (CXCL2), cyclin D1, activator protein (AP-1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT), and DNA topoisomerase I and II. The modulation of gene expression may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In addition, berberine modulates lipid and glucose metabolism. An alkaloid from Hydrastis canadensis L., Berberidaceae. It is also found in many other plants. It is relatively toxic parenterally, but has been used orally for various parasitic and fungal infections and as antidiarrheal. See also: Goldenseal (part of); Berberis aristata stem (part of). Berberine is a quaternary ammonium salt that belongs to the protoberberine group of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. Chemically, berberine is classified as an isoquinoline alkaloid. More specifically, berberine is a plant alkaloid derived from tyrosine through a complex 8 step biosynthetic process. Berberine is found in plants such as Berberis vulgaris (barberry), Berberis aristata (tree turmeric), Mahonia aquifolium (Oregon grape) and Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal). Two other known berberine-containing plants are Phellodendron chinense and Phellodendron amurense. Berberine is usually found in the roots, rhizomes, stems, and bark of Berberis plants. Due to berberines intense yellow color, plants that contain berberine were traditionally used to dye wool, leather, and wood. Under ultraviolet light, berberine shows a strong yellow fluorescence, making it useful in histology for staining heparin in mast cells. Berberine is a bioactive plant compound that has been frequently used in traditional medicine. Among the known physiological effects or bioactivities are: 1) Antimicrobial action against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, helminthes, and Chlamydia; 2) Antagonism against the effects of cholera and E coli heat-stable enterotoxin; 3) Inhibition of intestinal ion secretion and of smooth muscle contraction; 4) Reduction of inflammation and 5) Stimulation of bile secretion and bilirubin discharge (PMID:32335802). Berberine can inhibit bacterial growth in the gut, including Helicobacter pylori, protect the intestinal epithelial barrier from injury, and ameliorate liver injury. Currently, berberine is sold as an Over-the-Counter (OTC) drug for treating gastrointestinal infections in China (PMID:18442638). Berberine also inhibits the proliferation of various types of cancer cells and impedes invasion and metastasis (PMID:32335802). Recent evidence has also confirmed that berberine improves the efficacy and safety of both chemo and radiotherapies for cancer treatment (PMID:32335802). Berberine has also been shown to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo (PMID:18442638). In fact, berberine is the main active component of an ancient Chinese herb Coptis chinensis French, which has been used to treat diabetes for thousands of years. As an anti-diabetic, berberine increases glucose uptake by muscle fibers independent of insulin levels. It triggers AMPK activation and increases glycolysis, leading to decreased insulin resistance and decreased oxygen respiration. The same mechanism leads to a reduction in gluconeogenesis in the liver. AMPK activation by berberine also leads to an antiatherosclerotic effect in mice. Berberines AMPK activation may also underlie berberines anti-obesity effects and favorable influence on weight loss (PMID:18442638). While its use as a medication is widely touted, it is important to remember that berberine inhibits CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 enzymes, both of which are involved in the metabolism of many endogenous substances and xenobiotics, including a number of prescription drugs. An alkaloid from Hydrastis canadensis L., Berberidaceae. It is also found in many other plants. It is relatively toxic parenterally, but has been used orally for various parasitic and fungal infections and as antidiarrheal. [HMDB] COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials [Raw Data] CBA98_Berberine_pos_50eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA98_Berberine_pos_10eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA98_Berberine_pos_20eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA98_Berberine_pos_40eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA98_Berberine_pos_30eV.txt Berberine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=2086-83-1 (retrieved 2024-09-04) (CAS RN: 2086-83-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

Tetrahydropalmatine

C21H25NO4 (355.1783)

Tetrahydropalmatine is a berberine alkaloid obtained by formal addition of two molecules of hydrogen to the pyridine ring of palmatine. It has a role as an adrenergic agent, a non-narcotic analgesic and a dopaminergic antagonist. It is a berberine alkaloid, an organic heterotetracyclic compound and an an (S)-7,8,13,14-tetrahydroprotoberberine. It is functionally related to a palmatine. Tetrahydropalmatine is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02118610 (Treatment of Schizophrenia With L-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP): a Novel Dopamine Antagonist With Anti-inflammatory and Antiprotozoal Activity). Tetrahydropalmatine is a natural product found in Corydalis heterocarpa, Ceratocapnos heterocarpa, and other organisms with data available. A berberine alkaloid obtained by formal addition of two molecules of hydrogen to the pyridine ring of palmatine. Tetrahydropalmatine (THP) is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in several different plant species, mainly in the genus Corydalis (Yan Hu Suo),[1][2] but also in other plants such as Stephania rotunda.[3] These plants have traditional uses in Chinese herbal medicine. The pharmaceutical industry has synthetically produced the more potent enantiomer Levo-tetrahydropalmatine (Levo-THP), which has been marketed worldwide under different brand names as an alternative to anxiolytic and sedative drugs of the benzodiazepine group and analgesics such as opiates. It is also sold as a dietary supplement. In 1940, a Vietnamese scientist Sang Dinh Bui extracted an alkaloid from the root of Stephania rotunda with the yield of 1.2–1.5\\\\\\\% and he named this compound rotundine. From 1950 to 1952, two Indian scientists studied and extracted from Stephania glabra another alkaloid named hyndanrine. In 1965, the structure of rotundine and hyndarin was proved to be the same as tetrahydropalmatine. Tetrahydropalmatine has been demonstrated to possess analgesic effects and may be beneficial in the treatment of heart disease and liver damage.[5][6] It is a blocker of voltage-activated L-type calcium channel active potassium channels.[citation needed] It is a potent muscle relaxant.[citation needed] It has also shown potential in the treatment of drug addiction to both cocaine and opiates, and preliminary human studies have shown promising results.[7][8][9] The pharmacological profile of l-THP includes antagonism of dopamine D1, and D2 receptors as well as actions at dopamine D3, alpha adrenergic and serotonin receptors. The Ki values for l-THP at D1 and D2 dopamine receptors are approximately 124 nM (D1) and 388 nM (D2). In addition to the antagonism of post-synaptic dopamine receptors, the blockade of pre-synaptic autoreceptors by l-THP results in increased dopamine release, and it has been suggested that lower affinity of l-THP for D2 receptors may confer some degree of autoreceptor selectivity. Along with dopamine receptors, l-THP has been reported to interact with a number of other receptor types, including alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, at which it functions as an antagonist, and GABA-A receptors, through positive allosteric modulation. Additionally, l-THP displays significant binding to 5-HT1A and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. In the case of 5-HT1A receptors, l-THP binds with a Ki of approximately 340 nM.[10] Animal experiments have shown that the sedative effect of THP results from blocking dopaminergic neurons in the brain. Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter in the central nervous system where it occurs in several important signaling systems that regulate muscular activity and attention, as well as feelings of joy, enthusiasm, and creativity. Therefore, THP causes no feelings of euphoria, and has been seen as an alternative to addictive drugs for people suffering from anxiety and pain, and as a possibility for relief for people not helped by existing drugs.[citation needed] Several cases of poisoning related to THP have been reported.[11] These cases involved negative effects on respiration, cardiac activity, and the nervous system. In addition, chronic hepatitis has been reported, caused by THP production in East Asia under conditions that were insufficiently sterile. Fatalities started to be reported in 1999 in cases where THP had been used in combination with other drugs having analgesic and anti-anxiety effects. All 1999 deaths could be tied to a single THP-based supplement, sold under the name "Jin Bu Huan Anodyne Tablets". Toxicity with even Jin Bu Huan has been reported.[12] This product was therefore blacklisted by US and European health authorities. In some other countries, such as Singapore, THP is treated as a controlled substance, and license is required to sell it.[citation needed] Rotundine is an antagonist of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors with IC50s of 166 nM, 1.4 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. Rotundine is also an antagonist of 5-HT1A with an IC50 of 370 nM. Rotundine is an antagonist of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors with IC50s of 166 nM, 1.4 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. Rotundine is also an antagonist of 5-HT1A with an IC50 of 370 nM. Rotundine is an antagonist of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors with IC50s of 166 nM, 1.4 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. Rotundine is also an antagonist of 5-HT1A with an IC50 of 370 nM. Tetrahydropalmatine possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats[1]. Tetrahydropalmatine possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats[1]. Tetrahydropalmatine possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats[1].

Lycorine

C16H17NO4 (287.1158)

Lycorine is an indolizidine alkaloid that is 3,12-didehydrogalanthan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions and 2 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 9 and 10. Isolated from Crinum asiaticum, it has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity. It has a role as a protein synthesis inhibitor, an antimalarial, a plant metabolite and an anticoronaviral agent. It derives from a hydride of a galanthan. Lycorine is a natural product found in Sternbergia clusiana, Pancratium trianthum, and other organisms with data available. Lycorine is a toxic crystalline alkaloid found in various Amaryllidaceae species, such as the cultivated bush lily (Clivia miniata), surprise lilies (Lycoris), and daffodils (Narcissus). It may be highly poisonous, or even lethal, when ingested in certain quantities. Symptoms of lycorine toxicity are vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions. Lycorine, definition at mercksource.com Regardless, it is sometimes used medicinally, a reason why some groups may harvest the very popular Clivia miniata. An indolizidine alkaloid that is 3,12-didehydrogalanthan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions and 2 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 9 and 10. Isolated from Crinum asiaticum, it has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.144 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.136 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.138 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2316 INTERNAL_ID 2316; CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) [Raw Data] CBA60_Lycorine_pos_30eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA60_Lycorine_pos_10eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA60_Lycorine_pos_50eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA60_Lycorine_pos_40eV.txt [Raw Data] CBA60_Lycorine_pos_20eV.txt Lycorine is a natural alkaloid extracted from the Amaryllidaceae plant. Lycorine is a potent and orally active SCAP inhibitor with a Kd value 15.24 nM. Lycorine downregulates the SCAP protein level without changing its transcription[2]. Lycorine is also a melanoma vasculogenic inhibitor[3]. Lycorine can be used for the study of prostate cancer and metabolic diseases[2].
Lycorine is a natural alkaloid extracted from the Amaryllidaceae plant. Lycorine is a potent and orally active SCAP inhibitor with a Kd value 15.24 nM. Lycorine downregulates the SCAP protein level without changing its transcription[2]. Lycorine is also a melanoma vasculogenic inhibitor[3]. Lycorine can be used for the study of prostate cancer and metabolic diseases[2].
Lycorine is a natural alkaloid extracted from the Amaryllidaceae plant. Lycorine is a potent and orally active SCAP inhibitor with a Kd value 15.24 nM. Lycorine downregulates the SCAP protein level without changing its transcription[2]. Lycorine is also a melanoma vasculogenic inhibitor[3]. Lycorine can be used for the study of prostate cancer and metabolic diseases[2].

Cepharanthine

C37H38N2O6 (606.273)

Cepharanthine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation. It is a member of isoquinolines and a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Cepharanthine is a natural product found in Stephania sinica, Stephania cephalantha, and other organisms with data available. A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C241 - Analgesic Agent > C2198 - Nonnarcotic Analgesic COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D011837 - Radiation-Protective Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Isoquinoline alkaloids, Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids Cepharanthine is a natural product that can be isolated from the plant Stephania?cephalantha?Hayata. Cepharanthine has anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) activities. Cepharanthine has good effective in suppressing viral proliferation (half maximal (50\\%) inhibitory concentration (IC50) and 90\\% inhibitory concentration (IC90) values of 1.90 and 4.46?μM[1]. Cepharanthine can also effectively reverses P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in K562 cells and increase enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in xenograft mice model[2][3]. Cepharanthine shows inhibitory effects of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2E1 and CYP2C9. Cepharanthine has antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects[4][5][6][7][8]. Cepharanthine is a natural product that can be isolated from the plant Stephania?cephalantha?Hayata. Cepharanthine has anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) activities. Cepharanthine has good effective in suppressing viral proliferation (half maximal (50\%) inhibitory concentration (IC50) and 90\% inhibitory concentration (IC90) values of 1.90 and 4.46?μM[1]. Cepharanthine can also effectively reverses P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in K562 cells and increase enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in xenograft mice model[2][3]. Cepharanthine shows inhibitory effects of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2E1 and CYP2C9. Cepharanthine has antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects[4][5][6][7][8].

Higenamine

C16H17NO3 (271.1208)

(RS)-norcoclaurine is a norcoclaurine. It is a conjugate base of a (RS)-norcoclaurinium. Higenamine is under investigation in clinical trial NCT01451229 (Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Higenamine in Chinese Healthy Subjects). Higenamine is a natural product found in Delphinium caeruleum, Aconitum triphyllum, and other organisms with data available. (R)-Higenamine is found in coffee and coffee products. (R)-Higenamine is an alkaloid from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera (East India lotus). D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D000322 - Adrenergic Agonists D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D005343 - Fibrinolytic Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D050299 - Fibrin Modulating Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents

Magnoflorine

C20H24NO4+ (342.1705)

(S)-magnoflorine is an aporphine alkaloid that is (S)-corytuberine in which the nitrogen has been quaternised by an additional methyl group. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an aporphine alkaloid and a quaternary ammonium ion. It is functionally related to a (S)-corytuberine. Magnoflorine is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum myriacanthum, Fumaria capreolata, and other organisms with data available. See also: Caulophyllum thalictroides Root (part of).

Bicuculline

C20H17NO6 (367.1056)

Bicuculline is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. It has a role as an agrochemical, a central nervous system stimulant, a GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist, a neurotoxin and a GABAA receptor antagonist. It is an isoquinoline alkaloid, a member of isoquinolines and a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Bicuculline is a light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. Bicuculline is a natural product found in Fumaria capreolata, Fumaria densiflora, and other organisms with data available. Bicuculline is a light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. Since it blocks the inhibitory action of GABA receptors, the action of bicuculline mimics epilepsy. This property is utilized in laboratories across the world in the in vitro study of epilepsy, generally in hippocampal or cortical neurons in prepared brain slices from rodents. This compound is also routinely used to isolate glutamatergic (excitatory amino acid) receptor function. An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors. A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. Bicuculline. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=485-49-4 (retrieved 2024-07-09) (CAS RN: 485-49-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is A competing neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+ activating potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks slow post-hyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant activity. Bicuculline can be used to induce seizures in mice[1][2][3][4]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3].

Dauricine

C38H44N2O6 (624.3199)

Dauricine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid resulting from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 4-{[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]methyl}phenol by attachment of the phenolic oxygen of one molecule to the benzene ring of the second (ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group of the latter). It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a tertiary amino compound, a member of phenols, an aromatic ether, a member of isoquinolines and a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Dauricine is a natural product found in Nelumbo nucifera, Menispermum canadense, and Menispermum dauricum with data available. A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid resulting from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 4-{[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]methyl}phenol by attachment of the phenolic oxygen of one molecule to the benzene ring of the second (ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group of the latter). D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D010975 - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents Dauricine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid in Menispermum dauricum, possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Dauricine inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, and induces apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner in colon cancer[1]. Dauricine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid in Menispermum dauricum, possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Dauricine inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, and induces apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner in colon cancer[1].

alpha-Allocryptopine

C21H23NO5 (369.1576)

Alpha-allocryptopine, also known as alpha-fagarine or beta-homochelidonine, is a member of the class of compounds known as protopine alkaloids. Protopine alkaloids are alkaloids with a structure based on a tricyclic protopine formed by oxidative ring fission of protoberberine N-metho salts. Alpha-allocryptopine is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Alpha-allocryptopine can be found in barley, which makes alpha-allocryptopine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Allocryptopine is a dibenzazecine alkaloid, an organic heterotetracyclic compound, a tertiary amino compound, a cyclic ketone, a cyclic acetal and an aromatic ether. Allocryptopine is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum beecheyanum, Berberis integerrima, and other organisms with data available. See also: Sanguinaria canadensis root (part of). KEIO_ID A137; [MS2] KO008812 KEIO_ID A137; [MS3] KO008813 KEIO_ID A137 Allocryptopine, a derivative of tetrahydropalmatine, is extracted from Macleaya cordata (Thunb.) Pers. Papaveraceae. Allocryptopine has antiarrhythmic effects and potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current[1][2]. Allocryptopine, a derivative of tetrahydropalmatine, is extracted from Macleaya cordata (Thunb.) Pers. Papaveraceae. Allocryptopine has antiarrhythmic effects and potently blocks human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) current[1][2].

Laurolitsine

C18H19NO4 (313.1314)

Laurolistine is an aporphine alkaloid that is noraporphine substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 9 and methoxy groups at positions 1 and 10. Isolated from Litsea glutinosa and Lindera chunii, exhibits inhibitory activity against HIV-1 integrase. It has a role as a metabolite and a HIV-1 integrase inhibitor. It is a member of phenols, an aromatic ether and an aporphine alkaloid. It is functionally related to an aporphine. Laurolitsine is a natural product found in Damburneya salicifolia, Neolitsea sericea, and other organisms with data available. Laurolitsine is an alkaloid from Sassafras and the leaves of Peumus boldus (boldo). Laurolitsine is a flavouring ingredient. Alkaloid from Sassafras and the leaves of Peumus boldus (boldo). Flavouring ingredient

Magnocurarine

C19H24NO3+ (314.1756)

Magnocurarine is a member of isoquinolines. Magnocurarine is a natural product found in Lindera megaphylla, Litsea cubeba, and other organisms with data available.

Lotusine

C19H24NO3+ (314.1756)

Lotusine is a member of isoquinolines. Lotusine is a natural product found in Nelumbo nucifera, Magnolia officinalis, and Xylopia parviflora with data available. Quaternary alkaloid from the embryo of Nelumbo nucifera (East India lotus). Lotusine is found in coffee and coffee products. Lotusine is found in coffee and coffee products. Quaternary alkaloid from the embryo of Nelumbo nucifera (East India lotus).

Sinactine

C20H21NO4 (339.1471)

Sinactine is an alkaloid. Sinactine is a natural product found in Fumaria capreolata, Fumaria muralis, and other organisms with data available. Tetrahydroepiberberine is a isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis impatiens (Pall). Tetrahydroepiberberine has antifungal and selective inhibition against the PI-3 virus activities[1]. Tetrahydroepiberberine is a isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis impatiens (Pall). Tetrahydroepiberberine has antifungal and selective inhibition against the PI-3 virus activities[1].

Dicentrine

C20H21NO4 (339.1471)

Dicentrine is an aporphine alkaloid. Dicentrine is a natural product found in Cissampelos pareira, Stephania abyssinica, and other organisms with data available. Dicentrine is an anticancer compound isolated from Lindera, a species of flowering plants. Dicentrine is a natural product isolated from the plant Stephania epigaea Lo with antihypertensive effect. Dicentrine is an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist which has effective against human hyperplastic prostates[1].

Isocorypalmine

C20H23NO4 (341.1627)

(S)-tetrahydrocolumbamine is a berberine alkaloid consisting of columbamine having four extra hydrogens at positions 5, 8, 13 and 13a and (S)-configuration. It is a berberine alkaloid and an organic heterotetracyclic compound. It is functionally related to a columbamine. (S)-Tetrahydrocolumbamine is a natural product found in Corydalis heterocarpa, Ceratocapnos heterocarpa, and other organisms with data available. A berberine alkaloid consisting of columbamine having four extra hydrogens at positions 5, 8, 13 and 13a and (S)-configuration. (-)-Isocorypalmine (Tetrahydrocolumbamine), isolated from the crude base fraction of Corydalis chaerophylla, is a dopamine receptor ligand[1]. Recombinant CYP719A21 displays strict substrate specificity and high affinity (Km=4.63 ± 0.71 μM) for (-)-Isocorypalmine[2]. (-)-Isocorypalmine (Tetrahydrocolumbamine), isolated from the crude base fraction of Corydalis chaerophylla, is a dopamine receptor ligand[1]. Recombinant CYP719A21 displays strict substrate specificity and high affinity (Km=4.63 ± 0.71 μM) for (-)-Isocorypalmine[2]. (-)-Isocorypalmine (Tetrahydrocolumbamine), isolated from the crude base fraction of Corydalis chaerophylla, is a dopamine receptor ligand[1]. Recombinant CYP719A21 displays strict substrate specificity and high affinity (Km=4.63 ± 0.71 μM) for (-)-Isocorypalmine[2]. (-)-Isocorypalmine (Tetrahydrocolumbamine), isolated from the crude base fraction of Corydalis chaerophylla, is a dopamine receptor ligand[1]. Recombinant CYP719A21 displays strict substrate specificity and high affinity (Km=4.63 ± 0.71 μM) for (-)-Isocorypalmine[2]. (-)-Isocorypalmine (Tetrahydrocolumbamine), isolated from the crude base fraction of Corydalis chaerophylla, is a dopamine receptor ligand[1]. Recombinant CYP719A21 displays strict substrate specificity and high affinity (Km=4.63 ± 0.71 μM) for (-)-Isocorypalmine[2]. (-)-Isocorypalmine (Tetrahydrocolumbamine), isolated from the crude base fraction of Corydalis chaerophylla, is a dopamine receptor ligand[1]. Recombinant CYP719A21 displays strict substrate specificity and high affinity (Km=4.63 ± 0.71 μM) for (-)-Isocorypalmine[2].

Hemanthamine

C17H19NO4 (301.1314)

Haemanthamine is an alkaloid. Hemanthamine is a natural product found in Sternbergia clusiana, Cyrtanthus elatus, and other organisms with data available.

Narciclasine

C14H13NO7 (307.0692)

Narciclasine is a member of phenanthridines. It has a role as a metabolite. Narciclasine is a natural product found in Lycoris sanguinea, Lycoris squamigera, and other organisms with data available. A natural product found in Narcissus pseudonarcissus. Narciclasine is a plant growth modulator. Narciclasine modulates the Rho/Rho kinase/LIM kinase/cofilin signaling pathway, greatly increasing GTPase RhoA activity as well as inducing actin stress fiber formation in a RhoA-dependent manner.

Dihydrochelirubine

C21H17NO5 (363.1107)

Dihydrochelirubine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid that is dihydrosanguinarine bearing a methoxy substituent at position 10. It has a role as a metabolite. It is functionally related to a dihydrosanguinarine. Dihydrochelirubine is a natural product found in Eschscholzia californica, Glaucium flavum, and other organisms with data available. A benzophenanthridine alkaloid that is dihydrosanguinarine bearing a methoxy substituent at position 10.

Canadine

C20H21NO4 (339.1471)

(S)-canadine is the (S)-enantiomer of canadine. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an an (S)-7,8,13,14-tetrahydroprotoberberine and a canadine. It is functionally related to a (S)-nandinine. It is an enantiomer of a (R)-canadine. (S)-Canadine is a natural product found in Hydrastis canadensis, Corydalis turtschaninovii, and other organisms with data available. The (S)-enantiomer of canadine. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.721 D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D010975 - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.718 Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors. Tetrahydroberberine is a different kind of living thing that can be extended and divided into parts. Tetrahydroberberine is a kind of effective D2 receptor antagonistic force. Tetrahydroberberine has the ability to strengthen the stomach and relieve the pressure on the stomach[1][2][3]. Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors.

Coclaurine

C17H19NO3 (285.1365)

(S)-coclaurine is the (S)-enantiomer of coclaurine. It is a conjugate base of a (S)-coclaurinium. It is an enantiomer of a (R)-coclaurine. Coclaurine is a natural product found in Delphinium pentagynum, Damburneya salicifolia, and other organisms with data available. Coclaurine, also known as (r,s)-coclaurine or machiline, is a member of the class of compounds known as benzylisoquinolines. Benzylisoquinolines are organic compounds containing an isoquinoline to which a benzyl group is attached. Coclaurine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Coclaurine can be found in custard apple and soursop, which makes coclaurine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Coclaurine is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist which has been isolated from a variety of plant sources including Nelumbo nucifera, Sarcopetalum harveyanum, Ocotea duckei, and others. It belongs to the class of tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids. Dimerization of coclaurine leads to the biscoclaurine alkaloids such as cepharanthine .

Glaucine

C21H25NO4 (355.1783)

(S)-glaucine is an aporphine alkaloid that is (S)-1,2,9,10-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. It has a role as a platelet aggregation inhibitor, a NF-kappaB inhibitor, an antitussive, an antibacterial agent, a muscle relaxant, an antineoplastic agent, a plant metabolite and a rat metabolite. It is an aporphine alkaloid, a polyether, an organic heterotetracyclic compound and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a (S)-glaucine(1+). Glaucine is a natural product found in Sarcocapnos baetica, Sarcocapnos saetabensis, and other organisms with data available. An aporphine alkaloid that is (S)-1,2,9,10-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D010276 - Parasympatholytics D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D000996 - Antitussive Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Isoquinoline alkaloids, Aporphine alkaloids Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3]. Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3]. Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3].

Isochondrodendrine

C36H38N2O6 (594.273)

Isochondrodendrine is a member of isoquinolines and a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Isochondrodendrine is a natural product found in Cissampelos pareira, Stephania elegans, and other organisms with data available.

Armepavine

C19H23NO3 (313.1678)

Armepavine is a member of isoquinolines. (-)-Armepavine is a natural product found in Berberis integerrima, Aconitum variegatum, and other organisms with data available. Armepavine, an active compound from Nelumbo nucifera, exerts not only anti-inflammatory effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but also immunosuppressive effects on T lymphocytes and on lupus nephritic mice. Armepavine inhibits TNF-α-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling cascades[1]. Armepavine, an active compound from Nelumbo nucifera, exerts not only anti-inflammatory effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but also immunosuppressive effects on T lymphocytes and on lupus nephritic mice. Armepavine inhibits TNF-α-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling cascades[1].

Norchelerythrine

C20H15NO4 (333.1001)

Norchelerythrine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid. Norchelerythrine is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum beecheyanum, Zanthoxylum scandens, and other organisms with data available. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

Hydroxysanguinarine

C20H13NO5 (347.0794)

Hydroxysanguinarine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid. Hydroxysanguinarine is a natural product found in Fumaria indica, Fumaria parviflora, and other organisms with data available.

Angoline

C22H21NO5 (379.142)

Angoline is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid. Angoline is a natural product found in Bocconia arborea, Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides, and other organisms with data available. Angoline is a potent and selective IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway inhibitor with an IC50 of 11.56 μM. Angoline inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation and its target gene expression, and inhibits cancer cell proliferation[1].

N-Methylcoclaurine

C18H21NO3 (299.1521)

(R)-N-methylcoclaurine is the (R)-enantiomer of N-methylcoclaurine. It is a conjugate base of a (R)-N-methylcoclaurinium. It is an enantiomer of a (S)-N-methylcoclaurine. (R)-N-Methylcoclaurine is a natural product found in Cyclea barbata, Cyclea peltata, and other organisms with data available.

Xylopine

C18H17NO3 (295.1208)

Xylopine, also known as (-)-xylopine, is a member of the class of compounds known as aporphines. Aporphines are quinoline alkaloids containing the dibenzo[de,g]quinoline ring system or a dehydrogenated derivative thereof. Xylopine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Xylopine can be found in cherimoya and custard apple, which makes xylopine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Xylopine is an antimicrobial benzylisoquinoline alkaloid . Xylopine is an aporphine alkaloid. Xylopine is a natural product found in Dasymaschalon longiflorum, Annona muricata, and other organisms with data available.

Chelidonine

C20H19NO5 (353.1263)

Chelidonine is an alkaloid fundamental parent, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid and an alkaloid antibiotic. Chelidonine is a natural product found in Sarcocapnos baetica, Sarcocapnos saetabensis, and other organisms with data available. Chelidonine is an isolate of Papaveraceae with acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. See also: Chelidonium majus flowering top (part of). CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2255 Chelidonine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, can be isolated from Chelidonium majus L.. Chelidonine causes G2/M arrest and induces caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis, and prevents cell cycle progression of stem cells in Dugesia japonica. Chelidonine has cytotoxic activity against melanoma cell lines. with anticancer and antiviral activity[1][2][3]. Chelidonine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, can be isolated from Chelidonium majus L.. Chelidonine causes G2/M arrest and induces caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis, and prevents cell cycle progression of stem cells in Dugesia japonica. Chelidonine has cytotoxic activity against melanoma cell lines. with anticancer and antiviral activity[1][2][3].

Chelerythrine

C21H18NO4+ (348.1236)

Chelerythrine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae. It has a role as an EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor, an antibacterial agent and an antineoplastic agent. It is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid and an organic cation. A benzophenanthridine alkaloid evaluated as a kinase-inhibitor. Chelerythrine is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum fagara, Zanthoxylum mayu, and other organisms with data available. Chelerythrine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid extracted from the plant Greater celandine (Chelidonium majus). It is a potent, selective, and cell-permeable protein kinase C inhibitor. See also: Sanguinaria canadensis root (part of); Chelidonium majus flowering top (part of). A benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents

Veratridine

C36H51NO11 (673.3462)

Veratridine is a steroid. It has a role as a sodium channel modulator. It is functionally related to a cevane. A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal. D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents > D014704 - Veratrum Alkaloids Veratridine (3-Veratroylveracevine) is a plant neurotoxin, a voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) agonist. Veratridine inhibits the peak current of Nav1.7, with an IC50 of 18.39?μM. Veratridine regulates sodium ion channels mainly by activating sodium ion channels, preventing channel inactivation and increasing sodium ion flow[1][2].

Pseudolycorine

C16H19NO4 (289.1314)

xi-8-Acetonyldihydrosanguinarine

C23H19NO5 (389.1263)

(+/-)-6-Acetonyldihydrosanguinarine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid. (+/-)-6-Acetonyldihydrosanguinarine is a natural product found in Chelidonium majus and Apis cerana with data available. xi-8-Acetonyldihydrosanguinarine is an alkaloid from Papaver somniferum (opium poppy). Alkaloid from Papaver somniferum (opium poppy)

Lambertine

C20H19NO4 (337.1314)

Lambertine is an alkaloid. Dihydroberberine is a natural product found in Thalictrum foliolosum, Berberis vulgaris, and other organisms with data available. Lambertine is found in fruits. Lambertine is an alkaloid from Berberis vulgaris (barberry). Alkaloid from Berberis vulgaris (barberry). Lambertine is found in tea and fruits.

Norsanguinarine

C19H11NO4 (317.0688)

Norsanguinarine is a member of phenanthridines. Norsanguinarine is a natural product found in Fumaria indica, Corydalis balansae, and other organisms with data available. Norsanguinarine is found in opium poppy. Norsanguinarine is an alkaloid from Papaver rhoeas (corn poppy D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics > D053610 - Opiate Alkaloids

Oblongine

C19H24NO3+ (314.1756)

Oblongine is a member of isoquinolines. Oblongine is a natural product found in Stephania cephalantha, Stephania tetrandra, and other organisms with data available. Oblongine is found in fruits. Quaternary alkaloid from stems of Litsea cubeba (mountain pepper). Quaternary alkaloid from stems of Litsea cubeba (mountain pepper). Oblongine is found in fruits.

Floribundine

C18H19NO2 (281.1416)

Floribundine is an isoquinoline alkaloid. Floribundine is a natural product found in Annona purpurea, Tephroseris palustris, and other organisms with data available. Alkaloid from Nelumbo nucifera (East India lotus). Floribundine is found in tea, cherimoya, and coffee and coffee products. Floribundine is found in cherimoya. Floribundine is an alkaloid from Nelumbo nucifera (East India lotus

Laurotetanine

C19H21NO4 (327.1471)

Laurotetanine is found in cherimoya. Laurotetanine is an alkaloid from the leaves of Peumus boldus (boldo Alkaloid from the leaves of Peumus boldus (boldo). Laurotetanine is found in cherimoya.

Laurelliptine

C18H19NO4 (313.1314)

Laurelliptine is found in fruits. Laurelliptine is an alkaloid from Zizyphus jujuba (Chinese date). Alkaloid from Zizyphus jujuba (Chinese date). Laurelliptine is found in fruits. Norisoboldine is an orally active natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. Norisoboldine, as a major isoquinoline alkaloid present in Radix Linderae, can be used for the research of Rheumatoid arthritis and Ulcerative colitis[1][2]. Norisoboldine is an orally active natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. Norisoboldine, as a major isoquinoline alkaloid present in Radix Linderae, can be used for the research of Rheumatoid arthritis and Ulcerative colitis[1][2]. Norisoboldine is an orally active natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist. Norisoboldine, as a major isoquinoline alkaloid present in Radix Linderae, can be used for the research of Rheumatoid arthritis and Ulcerative colitis[1][2].

Nuciferine

C19H21NO2 (295.1572)

CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 2317 Nuciferine is a natural product found in Cissampelos pareira, Paliurus hemsleyanus, and other organisms with data available. Nuciferine is an antagonist at 5-HT2A (IC50=478 nM), 5-HT2C (IC50=131 nM), and 5-HT2B (IC50=1 μM), an inverse agonist at 5-HT7 (IC50=150 nM), a partial agonist at D2 (EC50=64 nM), D5 (EC50=2.6 μM) and 5-HT6 (EC50=700 nM), an agonist at 5-HT1A (EC50=3.2 μM) and D4 (EC50=2 μM) receptor. Nuciferine is an antagonist at 5-HT2A (IC50=478 nM), 5-HT2C (IC50=131 nM), and 5-HT2B (IC50=1 μM), an inverse agonist at 5-HT7 (IC50=150 nM), a partial agonist at D2 (EC50=64 nM), D5 (EC50=2.6 μM) and 5-HT6 (EC50=700 nM), an agonist at 5-HT1A (EC50=3.2 μM) and D4 (EC50=2 μM) receptor. Nuciferine is an antagonist at 5-HT2A (IC50=478 nM), 5-HT2C (IC50=131 nM), and 5-HT2B (IC50=1 μM), an inverse agonist at 5-HT7 (IC50=150 nM), a partial agonist at D2 (EC50=64 nM), D5 (EC50=2.6 μM) and 5-HT6 (EC50=700 nM), an agonist at 5-HT1A (EC50=3.2 μM) and D4 (EC50=2 μM) receptor.

Demethyl

C16H17NO3.HCl (307.0975)

Higenamine hydrochloride (Norcoclaurine hydrochloride), a β2-AR agonist, is a key component of the Chinese herb aconite root that prescribes for treating symptoms of heart failure in the oriental Asian countries. Higenamine hydrochloride (Norcoclaurine hydrochloride) has anti-apoptotic effects[1][2]. Higenamine hydrochloride is a selective LSD1 inhibitor (IC50=1.47 μM) that can be isolated from aconite. Higenamine hydrochloride has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity. Higenamine (Norcoclaurine) can attenuate IL-1β-induced Apoptosis through ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Higenamine hydrochloride protects brain cells from oxygen deprivation. Higenamine can promote bone formation in osteoporosis through the SMAD2/3 pathway. Higenamine hydrochloride can be used to study cancer, inflammation, cardiorenal syndrome and other diseases[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Higenamine hydrochloride (Norcoclaurine hydrochloride), a β2-AR agonist, is a key component of the Chinese herb aconite root that prescribes for treating symptoms of heart failure in the oriental Asian countries. Higenamine hydrochloride (Norcoclaurine hydrochloride) has anti-apoptotic effects[1][2].

Laetanine

C18H19NO4 (313.1314)

Laetanine is a natural product found in Ocotea teleiandra, Lindera glauca, and Hazomalania voyronii with data available. Laetanine, a noraporphine alkaloid from Litsea laeta, exhibits antiplasmodial activity[1].

groenlandicine

C19H16NO4+ (322.1079)

Groenlandicine is a protoberberine alkaloid isolated from Coptidis Rhizoma. Groenlandicine exhibits moderate inhibitory effect with IC50 value of 154.2 μM for human recombinant aldose reductase (HRAR)[1]. Groenlandicine selectively induces topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage[2]. Groenlandicine is a protoberberine alkaloid isolated from Coptidis Rhizoma. Groenlandicine exhibits moderate inhibitory effect with IC50 value of 154.2 μM for human recombinant aldose reductase (HRAR)[1]. Groenlandicine selectively induces topoisomerase I-mediated DNA cleavage[2].

Tetrahydrocoptisine

C19H17NO4 (323.1158)

Stylopine is a natural product found in Fumaria capreolata, Fumaria muralis, and other organisms with data available. (±)-Stylopine (Tetrahydrocoptisine) is an alkaloid compound originally isolated from Corydalis tubers that exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic activities[1][2]. (±)-Stylopine (Tetrahydrocoptisine) is an alkaloid compound originally isolated from Corydalis tubers that exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic activities[1][2].

Stepholidine

C19H21NO4 (327.1471)

l-Stepholidine is a natural product found in Desmos cochinchinensis, Meiogyne monosperma, and other organisms with data available.

Corydine

C20H23NO4 (341.1627)

Corydine is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum oxyphyllum, Aconitum orientale, and other organisms with data available.

Hydroprotopine

C20H20NO5+ (354.1341)

Chileninone

C19H16NO4.Cl (357.0768)

Berberrubine is an alkaloid. Berberrubine chloride is an active metabolite of berberine, attenuates ulcerative colitis in mice model[1]. Berberrubine chloride is an active metabolite of berberine, attenuates ulcerative colitis in mice model[1].

Corynoline

C21H21NO5 (367.142)

Corynoline is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid that is chelidonine substituted by a methyl group at position 13. Isolated from the aerial parts of Corydalis incisa, it acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and also exhibits antineoplastic and hepatoprotective activity. It has a role as a metabolite, an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an antineoplastic agent and a hepatoprotective agent. It is a member of isoquinolines, an organic heterohexacyclic compound, a secondary alcohol, a cyclic acetal and a benzophenanthridine alkaloid. It is functionally related to a chelidonine. Corynoline is a natural product found in Corydalis bungeana, Corydalis remota, and other organisms with data available. A benzophenanthridine alkaloid that is chelidonine substituted by a methyl group at position 13. Isolated from the aerial parts of Corydalis incisa, it acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and also exhibits antineoplastic and hepatoprotective activity. Corynoline is a reversible and noncompetitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 30.6 μM[1]. Corynoline exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by activating Nrf2[2]. Corynoline is a reversible and noncompetitive acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 30.6 μM[1]. Corynoline exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by activating Nrf2[2].

Corydaline

C22H27NO4 (369.194)

Corydaline is an isoquinoline alkaloid and a member of isoquinolines. Corydaline is a natural product found in Corydalis remota, Corydalis saxicola, and other organisms with data available. D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Corydaline ((+)-Corydaline), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo, is an AChE inhibitor with an IC50 of 226 μM. Corydaline is a μ-opioid receptor (Ki of 1.23 μM) agonist and inhibits enterovirus 71 (EV71) replication (IC50 of 25.23 μM). Corydaline has anti-angiogenic, anti-allergic and gastric-emptying and antinociceptive activities[1][2][3]. Corydaline ((+)-Corydaline), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo, is an AChE inhibitor with an IC50 of 226 μM. Corydaline is a μ-opioid receptor (Ki of 1.23 μM) agonist and inhibits enterovirus 71 (EV71) replication (IC50 of 25.23 μM). Corydaline has anti-angiogenic, anti-allergic and gastric-emptying and antinociceptive activities[1][2][3]. Corydaline ((+)-Corydaline), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo, is an AChE inhibitor with an IC50 of 226 μM. Corydaline is a μ-opioid receptor (Ki of 1.23 μM) agonist and inhibits enterovirus 71 (EV71) replication (IC50 of 25.23 μM). Corydaline has anti-angiogenic, anti-allergic and gastric-emptying and antinociceptive activities[1][2][3].

NCI60_001450

C21H18N2O5 (378.1216)

9-Methoxycamptothecin is a natural product found in Merrilliodendron megacarpum, Ophiorrhiza pumila, and other organisms with data available. 9-Methoxycamptothecin (MCPT), isolated from Camptotheca acuminata, has antitumor activities through topoisomerase inhibition. 9-Methoxycamptothecin (MCPT) induces strong G2/M arrest and apoptosis in cancer[1][2]. 9-Methoxycamptothecin (MCPT), isolated from Camptotheca acuminata, has antitumor activities through topoisomerase inhibition. 9-Methoxycamptothecin (MCPT) induces strong G2/M arrest and apoptosis in cancer[1][2].

Acetylcorynoline

C23H23NO6 (409.1525)

Acetylcorynoline is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid. Acetylcorynoline is a natural product found in Corydalis bungeana, Corydalis remota, and other organisms with data available. Acetylcorynoline is the major alkaloid component derived from Corydalis bungeana, and has anti-inflammatory properties[1]. Acetylcorynoline is the major alkaloid component derived from Corydalis bungeana, and has anti-inflammatory properties[1].

Dehydrocorydaline nitrate

C22H24NO4+.NO3- (428.1583)

Dehydrocorydaline nitrate (13-Methylpalmatine nitrate) is an alkaloid. Dehydrocorydaline regulates protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2; activates caspase-7, caspase-8, and inactivates PARP[1]. Dehydrocorydaline nitrate elevates p38 MAPK activation. Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities.[2]. Dehydrocorydaline nitrate shows strong anti-malarial effects (IC50?=38 nM), and low cytotoxicity (cell viability?>?90\\%) using P. falciparum 3D7 strain[3]. Dehydrocorydaline nitrate (13-Methylpalmatine nitrate) is an alkaloid. Dehydrocorydaline regulates protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2; activates caspase-7, caspase-8, and inactivates PARP[1]. Dehydrocorydaline nitrate elevates p38 MAPK activation. Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities.[2]. Dehydrocorydaline nitrate shows strong anti-malarial effects (IC50?=38 nM), and low cytotoxicity (cell viability?>?90\%) using P. falciparum 3D7 strain[3].

Erben

C20H19NO8S (433.0831)

Berberine sulfate is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Huanglian, as an antibiotic. Berberine sulfate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Berberine sulfate has antineoplastic properties[1]. Berberine sulfate is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Huanglian, as an antibiotic. Berberine sulfate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Berberine sulfate has antineoplastic properties. The sulfate form improves bioavailability[1][2]. Berberine sulfate is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Huanglian, as an antibiotic. Berberine sulfate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Berberine sulfate has antineoplastic properties[1].

Thalictrine Iodide

C20H24NO4+.I- (469.075)

(+)-Magnoflorine iodide (Magnoflorine iodide), an aporphine alkaloid found in Acoruscalamus, reduces the formation of C. albicans biofilm[1]. (+)-Magnoflorine iodide has anti-fungal, anti-antidiabetic and anti-oxidative activity[2]. (+)-Magnoflorine iodide (Magnoflorine iodide), an aporphine alkaloid found in Acoruscalamus, reduces the formation of C. albicans biofilm[1]. (+)-Magnoflorine iodide has anti-fungal, anti-antidiabetic and anti-oxidative activity[2].

Fangchinoline

C37H40N2O6 (608.2886)

Fangchinoline is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is (1beta)- berbaman which has been substituted by methyl groups at the 2 and 2 positions, by methoxy groups at the 6, 6, and 12 positions, and by a hydroxy group at position 7. Isolated from Stephania tetrandra, it has been found to possess neuroprotective and anti-tumour activity. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antioxidant, an anti-HIV-1 agent, a neuroprotective agent and a plant metabolite. It is a macrocycle, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid and an aromatic ether. Fangchinoline is a natural product found in Pachygone dasycarpa, Stephania hernandifolia, and other organisms with data available. A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is (1beta)- berbaman which has been substituted by methyl groups at the 2 and 2 positions, by methoxy groups at the 6, 6, and 12 positions, and by a hydroxy group at position 7. Isolated from Stephania tetrandra, it has been found to possess neuroprotective and anti-tumour activity. Thalrugosine is a natural product found in Spirospermum penduliflorum, Thalictrum sachalinense, and other organisms with data available. (R)-Fangchinoline (Thalrugosine), a alkaloids from Stephania tetrandra，exhibits antimicrobial and hypotensive activity. The roots and stems of several plants from genus Stephania are all used as traditional Chinese medicine and have been used for treatment of fever, diarrhea, dyspepsia and urinary disease[1]. (R)-Fangchinoline (Thalrugosine), a alkaloids from Stephania tetrandra，exhibits antimicrobial and hypotensive activity. The roots and stems of several plants from genus Stephania are all used as traditional Chinese medicine and have been used for treatment of fever, diarrhea, dyspepsia and urinary disease[1]. Fangchinoline is isolated from Stephania tetrandra with extensive biological activities, such as enhancing immunity, anti-inflammatory sterilization and anti-atherosclerosis. Fangchinoline, a novel HIV-1 inhibitor, inhibits HIV-1 replication by impairing gp160 proteolytic processing[1]. Fangchinoline targets Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and suppresses FAK-mediated signaling pathway in tumor cells which highly expressed FAK[2]. Fangchinoline induces apoptosis and adaptive autophagy in bladder cancer[3]. Fangchinoline is isolated from Stephania tetrandra with extensive biological activities, such as enhancing immunity, anti-inflammatory sterilization and anti-atherosclerosis. Fangchinoline, a novel HIV-1 inhibitor, inhibits HIV-1 replication by impairing gp160 proteolytic processing[1]. Fangchinoline targets Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and suppresses FAK-mediated signaling pathway in tumor cells which highly expressed FAK[2]. Fangchinoline induces apoptosis and adaptive autophagy in bladder cancer[3].

Isoliensinin

C37H42N2O6 (610.3043)

Isoliensinine is a member of isoquinolines. Isoliensinine is a natural product found in Nelumbo nucifera with data available. Isoliensinine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera, with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Isoliensinine induces apoptosis in triple-negative human breast cancer cells[1][2]. Isoliensinine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera, with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Isoliensinine induces apoptosis in triple-negative human breast cancer cells[1][2].

Daruisoline

C37H42N2O6 (610.3043)

Daurisoline is a member of isoquinolines. Daurisoline is a natural product found in Menispermum dauricum with data available. Daurisoline is a hERG inhibitor and also an autophagy blocker. Daurisoline is a hERG inhibitor and also an autophagy blocker.

Jatrorrhizine

C20H20NO4+.Cl- (373.1081)

Jatrorrhizine chloride is an alkaloid isolated from?Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities[1]. Jatrorrhizine chloride is a potent and orally active inhibitor of?AChE?(IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE[2]. Jatrorrhizine chloride reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters[3]. Jatrorrhizine chloride is an alkaloid isolated from?Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities[1]. Jatrorrhizine chloride is a potent and orally active inhibitor of?AChE?(IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE[2]. Jatrorrhizine chloride reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters[3]. Jatrorrhizine chloride is an alkaloid isolated from?Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities[1]. Jatrorrhizine chloride is a potent and orally active inhibitor of?AChE?(IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE[2]. Jatrorrhizine chloride reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters[3].

Coptisine

C19H14NO4+.Cl- (355.0611)

Coptisine chloride is an alkaloid from Chinese goldthread, and acts as an efficient uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.8 μM and an IC50 value of 6.3 μM. Coptisine chloride is a potent H1N1 neuraminidase (NA-1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 104.6?μg/mL and can be used for influenza A (H1N1) infection. Coptisine chloride is an alkaloid from Chinese goldthread, and acts as an efficient uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.8 μM and an IC50 value of 6.3 μM. Coptisine chloride is a potent H1N1 neuraminidase (NA-1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 104.6?μg/mL and can be used for influenza A (H1N1) infection.

Lycorine

C16H17NO4.HCl (323.0924)

Lycorine hydrochloride is the main active ingredient of the herbal medicine derived from Lycoris radiata (L’Her.) Herb. and is also a melanoma vasculogenic inhibitor and has anti-tumor activity[1]. Lycorine hydrochloride effectively inhibits mitotic proliferation of Hey1B cells (IC50 of 1.2 μM)[2]. Lycorine hydrochloride is the main active ingredient of the herbal medicine derived from Lycoris radiata (L’Her.) Herb. and is also a melanoma vasculogenic inhibitor and has anti-tumor activity[1]. Lycorine hydrochloride effectively inhibits mitotic proliferation of Hey1B cells (IC50 of 1.2 μM)[2].

Chelerythrine

C21H18NO4+.Cl- (383.0924)

Chelerythrine chloride is a potent, cell-permeable inhibitor of protein kinase C, with an IC50 of 660 nM. Chelerythrine chloride inhibits the Bcl-XL-Bak BH3 peptide binding with IC50 of 1.5 μM and displaces Bax from Bcl-XL. Chelerythrine chloride induces apoptosis and autophagy. Chelerythrine chloride is a potent, cell-permeable inhibitor of protein kinase C, with an IC50 of 660 nM. Chelerythrine chloride inhibits the Bcl-XL-Bak BH3 peptide binding with IC50 of 1.5 μM and displaces Bax from Bcl-XL. Chelerythrine chloride induces apoptosis and autophagy.

Phellodendrine

C20H24NO4+.Cl- (377.1394)

Phellodendrine chloride is a plant alkaloid found in Phellodendron amurense. Phellodendrine chloride suppresses the proliferation of KRAS mutated pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of nutrients uptake via macropinocytosis [1]. Phellodendrine chloride promotes autophagy by regulating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and reduce the intestinal damage of ulcerative colitis[2]. Phellodendrine chloride is a plant alkaloid found in Phellodendron amurense. Phellodendrine chloride suppresses the proliferation of KRAS mutated pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of nutrients uptake via macropinocytosis [1]. Phellodendrine chloride promotes autophagy by regulating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and reduce the intestinal damage of ulcerative colitis[2].

Palmatine

C21H22NO4+.Cl- (387.1237)

Palmatine chloride is an orally active and irreversible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) inhibitor with IC50s of 3 μM and 157μM against HEK 293-hIDO-1 and rhIDO-1, respectively. Palmatine chloride can also inhibit West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease in an uncompetitive manner with an IC50 of 96 μM. Palmatine chloride shows anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, antibacterial, anti-viral activities[1][2][3][4][5]. Palmatine chloride is an orally active and irreversible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) inhibitor with IC50s of 3 μM and 157μM against HEK 293-hIDO-1 and rhIDO-1, respectively. Palmatine chloride can also inhibit West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease in an uncompetitive manner with an IC50 of 96 μM. Palmatine chloride shows anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, antibacterial, anti-viral activities[1][2][3][4][5].

Nitidine

C21H18NO4+.Cl- (383.0924)

Nitidine chloride, a potential anti-malarial lead compound derived from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb) DC, exerts potent anticancer activity through diverse pathways, including inducing apoptosis, inhibiting STAT3 signaling cascade, DNA topoisomerase 1 and 2A, ERK and c-Src/FAK associated signaling pathway. Nitidine chloride inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines production via MAPK and NF-kB pathway[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Nitidine chloride, a potential anti-malarial lead compound derived from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb) DC, exerts potent anticancer activity through diverse pathways, including inducing apoptosis, inhibiting STAT3 signaling cascade, DNA topoisomerase 1 and 2A, ERK and c-Src/FAK associated signaling pathway. Nitidine chloride inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines production via MAPK and NF-kB pathway[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Nitidine chloride, a potential anti-malarial lead compound derived from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb) DC, exerts potent anticancer activity through diverse pathways, including inducing apoptosis, inhibiting STAT3 signaling cascade, DNA topoisomerase 1 and 2A, ERK and c-Src/FAK associated signaling pathway. Nitidine chloride inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines production via MAPK and NF-kB pathway[1][2][3][4][5][6].

salsolidine

C12H17NO2 (207.1259)

D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018726 - Anti-Dyskinesia Agents > D000978 - Antiparkinson Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D065098 - Catechol O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.156 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.138 Salsolidine is a tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, acts as a stereoselective competitive MAO A inhibitor.

Stepharine

C18H19NO3 (297.1365)

An isoquinoline alkaloid with formula C18H19NO3 that is isolated from several species of Stephania. Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Isoquinoline alkaloids, Aporphine alkaloids, Proaporphine alkaloids Stepharine is a natural product found in Cocculus, Cocculus laurifolius, and other organisms with data available.

Norglaucin

C20H23NO4 (341.1627)

Norglaucin is an isoquinoline alkaloid. Norglaucin is a natural product found in Annona purpurea, Corydalis turtschaninovii, and other organisms with data available.

Bianfugenine

C20H17NO5 (351.1107)

Bianfugenine is an isoquinoline alkaloid that is dibenzo[de,h]quinolin-7-one carrying four methoxy substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 9. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a platelet aggregation inhibitor and an antineoplastic agent. It is an isoquinoline alkaloid, a polyether, an aromatic ether, a cyclic ketone, an aromatic ketone and an organic heterotetracyclic compound. Bianfugenine is a natural product found in Sinomenium acutum and Menispermum dauricum with data available. An isoquinoline alkaloid that is dibenzo[de,h]quinolin-7-one carrying four methoxy substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 9.

Bocconoline

C22H21NO5 (379.142)

Bocconoline is a natural product found in Zanthoxylum asiaticum, Zanthoxylum simulans, and other organisms with data available.

8-Oxycoptisine

C19H13NO5 (335.0794)

8-Oxocoptisine is a natural product found in Thalictrum delavayi, Fumaria indica, and other organisms with data available. 8-Oxocoptisine is a natural protoberberine alkaloid with anti-cancer activity[1]. 8-Oxocoptisine is a natural protoberberine alkaloid with anti-cancer activity[1].

Menisporphine

C19H15NO4 (321.1001)

Menisporphine is a natural product found in Menispermum dauricum with data available.

Corydamine

C20H18N2O4 (350.1267)

Corydamine is a natural product found in Hypecoum erectum, Fumaria officinalis, and other organisms with data available.

1-Methoxyallocryptopine

C22H25NO6 (399.1682)

Asimilobine

C17H17NO2 (267.1259)

R-(-)-asimilobine is an aporphine alkaloid. It has a role as a metabolite. Asimilobine is a natural product found in Meiogyne monosperma, Phoebe formosana, and other organisms with data available. A natural product found in Annona glabra.

Fortuneine

C20H25NO3 (327.1834)

8-Demethoxycephatonine

C19H23NO4 (329.1627)

Cissamine chloride

C20H24ClNO4 (377.1394)

Cyclanoline (chloride) shows cholinesterase inhibitory activity[1].

Remerin

C18H17NO2 (279.1259)

Remerin is an isoquinoline alkaloid. Roemerine is a natural product found in Cryptocarya angulata, Stephania abyssinica, and other organisms with data available. Origin: Plant; Formula(Parent): C18H17NO2; Bottle Name:Remerine hydrochloride; PRIME Parent Name:Remerine; PRIME in-house No.:V0353; SubCategory_DNP: Isoquinoline alkaloids, Aporphine alkaloids Roemerine, an aporphine alkaloid, isolated from the leaves of Fibraurea recisa Pierre, functions by interacting with P-glycoprotein. Roemerine reverses the multidrug-resistance phenotype with cultured cells[1]. Roemerine, an aporphine alkaloid, isolated from the leaves of Fibraurea recisa Pierre, functions by interacting with P-glycoprotein. Roemerine reverses the multidrug-resistance phenotype with cultured cells[1].

yohimbinic acid

C20H26N2O4 (358.1892)

Yohimbic acid hydrate is an amphoteric demethylated derivative of Yohimbine (HY-12715). Yohimbic acid hydrate exhibits vasodilatory action. Yohimbic acid hydrate also can be used for the research of osteoarthritis (OA)[1][2][3].

Lysicamine

C18H13NO3 (291.0895)

Lysicamine is an alkaloid antibiotic and an oxoaporphine alkaloid. It has a role as a metabolite. Lysicamine is a natural product found in Annona purpurea, Annona papilionella, and other organisms with data available. A natural product found in Annona glabra.

13-Methylberberine

C21H20ClNO4 (385.1081)

13-Methylberberine chloride (13-Methylberberinium chloride), a berberine analogue, has anti-adipogenic and antitumor activities. 13-Methylberberine chloride (13-Methylberberinium chloride) increases production of IL-12 and inhibits the expression of iNOS at posttranscriptional level in macrophages activated with LPS[1][2][3]. 13-Methylberberine chloride (13-Methylberberinium chloride), a berberine analogue, has anti-adipogenic and antitumor activities. 13-Methylberberine chloride (13-Methylberberinium chloride) increases production of IL-12 and inhibits the expression of iNOS at posttranscriptional level in macrophages activated with LPS[1][2][3].

Natural Yellow 18

C20H20ClNO5 (389.103)

Berberine chloride hydrate (Natural Yellow 18 chloride hydrate) is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride hydrate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties[1]. Berberine chloride hydrate (Natural Yellow 18 chloride hydrate) is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride hydrate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties[1].

salsolidine

C12H18ClNO2 (243.1026)

hydrastinine

C11H14ClNO3 (243.0662)

Hydrastinine hydrochloride is a major alkaloid constituent in goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis). Hydrastinine hydrochloride can be used as a haemostatic agent[1].

Hydrastinine

C11H13NO3 (207.0895)

Hydrastinine is a natural product found in Hydrastis canadensis, Dactylicapnos torulosa, and Chelidonium majus with data available. Hydrastinine is a major alkaloid constituent in goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis). Hydrastinine can be used as a haemostatic agent[1].

Epiberberine chloride

C20H18ClNO4 (371.0924)

Epiberberine chloride is an alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis, acts as a potent AChE and BChE inhibitor, and a non-competitive BACE1 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.07, 6.03 and 8.55 μM, respectively. Epiberberine chloride has antioxidant activity, with peroxynitrite ONOO- scavenging effect (IC50, 16.83 μM), and may protect against Alzheimer disease[1]. Epiberberine chloride inhibits the early stage of differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, downregulates the Raf/MEK1/2/ERK1/2 and AMPKα/Akt pathways[2]. Epiberberine has the potential effect in the research of diabetic disease[3]. Epiberberine chloride is an alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis, acts as a potent AChE and BChE inhibitor, and a non-competitive BACE1 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.07, 6.03 and 8.55 μM, respectively. Epiberberine chloride has antioxidant activity, with peroxynitrite ONOO- scavenging effect (IC50, 16.83 μM), and may protect against Alzheimer disease[1]. Epiberberine chloride inhibits the early stage of differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, downregulates the Raf/MEK1/2/ERK1/2 and AMPKα/Akt pathways[2]. Epiberberine has the potential effect in the research of diabetic disease[3].

Norisoboldine hydrochloride

C18H20ClNO4 (349.1081)

Dehydrocorydalinechloride

C22H24ClNO4 (401.1394)

Dehydrocorydaline chloride (13-Methylpalmatine chloride) is an alkaloid that regulates protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2; activates caspase-7, caspase-8, and inactivates PARP[1]. Dehydrocorydaline chloride elevates p38 MAPK activation. Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities[2]. Dehydrocorydaline chloride shows strong anti-malarial effects (IC50?=38 nM), and low cytotoxicity (cell viability?>?90\\%) using P. falciparum 3D7 strain[3]. Dehydrocorydaline chloride (13-Methylpalmatine chloride) is an alkaloid that regulates protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2; activates caspase-7, caspase-8, and inactivates PARP[1]. Dehydrocorydaline chloride elevates p38 MAPK activation. Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities[2]. Dehydrocorydaline chloride shows strong anti-malarial effects (IC50?=38 nM), and low cytotoxicity (cell viability?>?90\%) using P. falciparum 3D7 strain[3].

Jatrorrhizine hydroxide

C20H21NO5 (355.142)

Jatrorrhizine?hydroxide is an alkaloid isolated from?Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities[1]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide is a potent and orally active inhibitor of?AChE?(IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE[2]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters[3]. Jatrorrhizine?hydroxide is an alkaloid isolated from?Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities[1]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide is a potent and orally active inhibitor of?AChE?(IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE[2]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters[3]. Jatrorrhizine?hydroxide is an alkaloid isolated from?Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities[1]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide is a potent and orally active inhibitor of?AChE?(IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE[2]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters[3].

Stylopine hydrochloride

C19H18ClNO4 (359.0924)

(±)-Stylopine (Tetrahydrocoptisine) hydrochloride is an alkaloid compound originally isolated from Corydalis tubers that exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic activities[1][2]. (±)-Stylopine (Tetrahydrocoptisine) hydrochloride is an alkaloid compound originally isolated from Corydalis tubers that exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-parasitic activities[1][2].

NK007

C28H33NO9 (527.2155)

6-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-5,6-dihydrochelerythrine

C23H23NO5 (393.1576)

7(R)-7,8-Dihydrosinomenine

C19H25NO4 (331.1783)

thalifendine

C19H16ClNO4 (357.0768)

Sanjoinine Ia

C18H19NO2 (281.1416)

N-Nornuciferine is a natural product found in Meiogyne monosperma, Neolitsea konishii, and other organisms with data available. N-Nornuciferine is an aporphine alkaloid in lotus leaf that significantly inhibits CYP2D6 with IC50 and Ki of 3.76 and 2.34 μM, respectively. N-Nornuciferine is an aporphine alkaloid in lotus leaf that significantly inhibits CYP2D6 with IC50 and Ki of 3.76 and 2.34 μM, respectively.

5QL8Q0680S

C28H40Cl2N2O4 (538.2365)

Cephaeline dihydrochloride is a selective CYP2D6 inhibtor with an IC50 of 121 μM.

Lirinidine

C18H19NO2 (281.1416)

Lirinidine is a natural product found in Annona purpurea, Ocotea macrophylla, and other organisms with data available. Lirinidine ((+)-Lirinidine) is an alkaloid isolated from the leaves of?L. tulipifera and has antioxidant and anticancer?activities. Lirinidine exhibits medium ferric reducing power activity and minor radical scavenging activity in vitro. Lirinidine can be used for cosmetic research[1]. Lirinidine ((+)-Lirinidine) is an alkaloid isolated from the leaves of?L. tulipifera and has antioxidant and anticancer?activities. Lirinidine exhibits medium ferric reducing power activity and minor radical scavenging activity in vitro. Lirinidine can be used for cosmetic research[1].

Kikemanin

C20H23NO4 (341.1627)

Corydalmine is a natural product found in Stephania yunnanensis, Corydalis balansae, and other organisms with data available.

Yibeinoside A

C34H55NO6 (573.4029)

Rogersine

C20H23NO4 (341.1627)

N-Methyllaurotetanine is a natural product found in Thalictrum isopyroides, Annona purpurea, and other organisms with data available. See also: Peumus boldus leaf (part of).

Lotusine hydroxide

C19H25NO4 (331.1783)

Lotusine (hydroxide) is a pure alkaloid extracted from the green seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Lotusine (hydroxide) shows effects on the action potentials in myocardium and slow inward current in cardiac Purkinje fibers[1].

Liensinine perchlorate

C37H43ClN2O10 (710.2606)

Isocoptisine acetate

C21H17NO6 (379.1056)

Isocoptisine chloride

C19H14ClNO4 (355.0611)

Pseudocoptisine (Isocoptisine) chloride is a quaternary alkaloid with benzylisoquinoline skeleton, was isolated from Corydalis Tuber. Pseudocoptisine chloride inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity with an IC50 of 12.8 μM. Anti-inflammatory and anti-amnestic effects[1][2].

Corynoxidine

C21H25NO5 (371.1733)

Corynoxidine is a natural product found in Corydalis balansae, Corydalis speciosa, and Stephania rotunda with data available. (-)-Corynoxidine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 89.0 μM, isolated from the aerial parts of Corydalis speciosa[1]. (-)-Corynoxidine exhibits antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains in different degrees[2]. (-)-Corynoxidine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 89.0 μM, isolated from the aerial parts of Corydalis speciosa[1]. (-)-Corynoxidine exhibits antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains in different degrees[2].

Epicorynoxidine

C21H25NO5 (371.1733)

Epicorynoxidine is a natural product found in Corydalis balansae and Stephania rotunda with data available.

Angoline hydrochloride

C22H22ClNO5 (415.1186)

Thalifolin

C11H13NO3 (207.0895)

Thalifolin is a quinolone and a hydroxyquinoline. It has a role as a metabolite. Thalifoline is a natural product found in Annona purpurea, Hernandia nymphaeifolia, and other organisms with data available. A natural product found in Arcangelisia gusanlung.

N-formylglaucine

C21H23NO5 (369.1576)

Oxocrebanin

C19H13NO5 (335.0794)

8H-Benzo(g)-1,3-benzodioxolo(6,5,4-de)quinolin-8-one, 9,10-dimethoxy- is a natural product found in Xylopia aethiopica, Stephania hainanensis, and other organisms with data available.

Fissistigine A

C18H17NO4 (311.1158)

Fissistigine A is a natural product found in Xylopia laevigata, Fissistigma oldhamii, and Xylopia parviflora with data available.

Boldine

C19H21NO4 (327.1471)

Boldine is an aporphine alkaloid. Boldine is a natural product found in Lindera umbellata, Damburneya salicifolia, and other organisms with data available. See also: Peumus boldus leaf (part of). D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D009465 - Neuromuscular Agents > D009466 - Neuromuscular Blocking Agents D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents (s)-boldine is a member of the class of compounds known as aporphines. Aporphines are quinoline alkaloids containing the dibenzo[de,g]quinoline ring system or a dehydrogenated derivative thereof (s)-boldine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). (s)-boldine can be found in sweet bay, which makes (s)-boldine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Origin: Plant; Formula(Parent): C19H21NO4; Bottle Name:Boldine hydrochloride; PRIME Parent Name:Boldine; PRIME in-house No.:V0322; SubCategory_DNP: Isoquinoline alkaloids, Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids Annotation level-1 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.487 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.480 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.482 IPB_RECORD: 841; CONFIDENCE confident structure Boldine is an aporphine isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the root of Litsea cubeba and also possesses these properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects. Boldine suppresses osteoclastogenesis, improves bone destruction by down-regulating the OPG/RANKL/RANK signal pathway and may be a potential therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis[1]. Boldine is an aporphine isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the root of Litsea cubeba and also possesses these properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects. Boldine suppresses osteoclastogenesis, improves bone destruction by down-regulating the OPG/RANKL/RANK signal pathway and may be a potential therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis[1].

Yohimbic acid

C20H24N2O3 (340.1787)

Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, Yohimbinoid alkaloids, Indole alkaloids Annotation level-1 Yohimbic acid is an amphoteric demethylated derivative of Yohimbine. Yohimbic acid exhibits vasodilatory action. Yohimbic acid also can be used for the research of osteoarthritis (OA)[1][2][3].

Berberinum

C20H18NO4. Cl (371.0924)

Berberine chloride (TN) is an organic molecular entity. Berberine Chloride is the orally bioavailable, hydrochloride salt form of berberine, a quaternary ammonium salt of an isoquinoline alkaloid and active component of various Chinese herbs, with potential antineoplastic, radiosensitizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipidemic and antidiabetic activities. Although the mechanisms of action through which berberine exerts its effects are not yet fully elucidated, upon administration this agent appears to suppress the activation of various proteins and/or modulate the expression of a variety of genes involved in tumorigenesis and inflammation, including, but not limited to transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xl), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), C-X-C motif chemokine 2 (CXCL2), cyclin D1, activator protein (AP-1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT), and DNA topoisomerase I and II. The modulation of gene expression may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In addition, berberine modulates lipid and glucose metabolism. Berberine chloride is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties[1]. Berberine chloride is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties[1].