Glaucine (BioDeep_00000000937)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000179429, BioDeep_00000396068

natural product PANOMIX_OTCML-2023


代谢物信息卡片


(6aS,11aM)-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline

化学式: C21H25NO4 (355.1783)
中文名称: 海罌粟鹼, (+)-海罂粟碱, 海罂粟碱
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Chinese Herbal Medicine(otcml) 53.42%

分子结构信息

SMILES: c1(c2c3c(cc1OC)CCN([C@H]3Cc1c2cc(c(c1)OC)OC)C)OC
InChI: InChI=1/C21H25NO4/c1-22-7-6-12-9-18(25-4)21(26-5)20-14-11-17(24-3)16(23-2)10-13(14)8-15(22)19(12)20/h9-11,15H,6-8H2,1-5H3

描述信息

(S)-glaucine is an aporphine alkaloid that is (S)-1,2,9,10-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. It has a role as a platelet aggregation inhibitor, a NF-kappaB inhibitor, an antitussive, an antibacterial agent, a muscle relaxant, an antineoplastic agent, a plant metabolite and a rat metabolite. It is an aporphine alkaloid, a polyether, an organic heterotetracyclic compound and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a (S)-glaucine(1+).
Glaucine is a natural product found in Sarcocapnos baetica, Sarcocapnos saetabensis, and other organisms with data available.
An aporphine alkaloid that is (S)-1,2,9,10-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.
D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D010276 - Parasympatholytics
D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D000996 - Antitussive Agents
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents
Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Isoquinoline alkaloids, Aporphine alkaloids
Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3].
Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3].
Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3].

同义名列表

75 个代谢物同义名

(6aS,11aM)-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline; 4H-Dibenzo(de,g)quinoline, 5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-methyl-, (S)-; (6AS)-5,6,6A,7-TETRAHYDRO-1,2,9,10-TETRAMETHOXY-6-METHYL-4H-DIBENZO(DE,G)QUINOLINE; (6aS)-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline; (S)-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline; (S)-5,6,6a,7-Tetrahydro-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-methyl-4H-dibenzo(de,g)quinoline; (S)-5,6,6a7-Tetrahydro-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-methyl-4H-dibenzo(de,g)quinoline; 4H-Dibenzo[de, 5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-methyl-, (S)-; 6a-alpha-APORPHINE, 1,2,9,10-TETRAMETHOXY-; 6aalpha-Aporphine, 1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-; 1,2,9,10-Tetramethoxy-6a-alpha-aporphine; 6a.alpha.-Aporphine,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-; (s)-(+)-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxyaporphine; glaucine phosphate (5:7), (+-)-isomer; glaucine phosphate (2:3), (+-)-isomer; glaucine phosphate (5:8), (+-)-isomer; glaucine phosphate (2:3), (S)-isomer; glaucine tartrate (1:1), (+-)-isomer; glaucine phosphate (2:3), (R)-isomer; glaucine tartrate (1:1), (S)-isomer; glaucine tartrate (1:1), (R)-isomer; glaucine hydrochloride, (+-)-isomer; glaucine hydrobromide, (+-)-isomer; glaucine hydrochloride, (S)-isomer; glaucine hydrochloride, (R)-isomer; glaucine hydrobromide, (R)-isomer; glaucine hydrobromide, (S)-isomer; glaucine hydroiodide, (R)-isomer; glaucine hydroiodide, (S)-isomer; glaucine sulphate, (+-)-isomer; glaucine tartrate, (+-)-isomer; glaucine phosphate, (S)-isomer; 1,2,9,10-tetramethoxyaporphine; glaucine mesylate, (+-)-isomer; glaucine tosylate, (R)-isomer; glaucine maleate, (+-)-isomer; glaucine acetate, (+-)-isomer; glaucine tartrate, (R)-isomer; glaucine tartrate, (S)-isomer; glaucine citrate, (+-)-isomer; RUZIUYOSRDWYQF-HNNXBMFYSA-N; Glaucine; S-(+)-Glaucine; Boldine dimethyl ether; glaucine, (R)-isomer; glaucine, (S)-isomer; glaucine phosphate; Glaucine fumarate; GLAUCINE [WHO-DD]; GLAUCINE [MART.]; GLAUCINE [INCI]; S-(+)-Glaucine; GLAUCINE [MI]; Bromcholitin; tussiglaucin; Tusidil (TN); (+)-Glaucine; GLAUCINE,(D); (S)-glaucine; Glaucine, d; d-Glaucine; Glaucine; Glauvent; 08V; 4H-Dibenzo[de,g]quinoline, 5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-6-methyl-, (S)-; 6a.alpha.-Aporphine, 1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-; AIDS-011385; BB_NC-0833; AIDS011385; 475-81-0; NSC34396; C09446; 1,2,9,10-Tetramethoxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline; O,O-Dimethylisoboldine; NSC 34396; Glaucine



数据库引用编号

29 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

83 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有:

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息,我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表,这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘,得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中,存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称,可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 9 ABCB1, ADRA1A, CNR1, GJA1, JAK2, TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, XDH
Peripheral membrane protein 2 JAK2, USO1
Endosome membrane 2 TLR4, TLR9
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 3 DRD1, GJA1, TLR9
Nucleus 4 ADRA1A, DRD1, GJA1, JAK2
cytosol 7 ACP5, ADRA1A, GJA1, JAK2, PRKCQ, USO1, XDH
dendrite 2 HTR2A, HTR2C
phagocytic vesicle 1 TLR9
nucleoplasm 4 ADRA1A, ATP2B1, GJA1, JAK2
Cell membrane 10 ABCB1, ADRA1A, ATP2B1, CNR1, DRD1, GJA1, HTR2A, HTR2C, TLR4, TNF
Cell projection, axon 2 CNR1, HTR2A
Early endosome membrane 1 TLR9
Multi-pass membrane protein 9 ABCB1, ADRA1A, ATP2B1, CACNA1I, CNR1, DRD1, GJA1, HTR2A, HTR2C
Golgi apparatus membrane 2 TLR9, USO1
Synapse 2 ATP2B1, HTR2C
cell junction 1 GJA1
cell surface 4 ABCB1, TLR2, TLR4, TNF
dendritic shaft 1 HTR2A
glutamatergic synapse 5 ATP2B1, CNR1, DRD1, HTR2A, JAK2
Golgi apparatus 3 GJA1, TLR2, USO1
Golgi membrane 3 GJA1, TLR9, USO1
growth cone 1 CNR1
neuronal cell body 2 HTR2A, TNF
postsynapse 1 JAK2
presynaptic membrane 4 ATP2B1, CNR1, DRD1, HTR2A
Cytoplasm, cytosol 1 USO1
Lysosome 2 ACP5, TLR9
Presynapse 2 CNR1, HTR2A
endosome 1 TLR9
plasma membrane 16 ABCB1, ADRA1A, ATP2B1, BCHE, CACNA1I, CNR1, DRD1, GJA1, HTR2A, HTR2C, JAK2, PRKCQ, TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, TNF
synaptic vesicle membrane 1 ATP2B1
Membrane 9 ABCB1, ACP5, ATP2B1, CACNA1I, JAK2, TLR2, TLR4, TLR9, USO1
apical plasma membrane 3 ABCB1, GJA1, TLR9
axon 2 CNR1, HTR2A
basolateral plasma membrane 2 ATP2B1, TLR9
caveola 3 ADRA1A, HTR2A, JAK2
extracellular exosome 2 ABCB1, ATP2B1
endoplasmic reticulum 3 GJA1, TLR9, USO1
extracellular space 4 BCHE, IL10, TNF, XDH
perinuclear region of cytoplasm 2 TLR4, USO1
gap junction 1 GJA1
intercalated disc 1 GJA1
mitochondrion 1 GJA1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 3 ADRA1A, ATP2B1, GJA1
Single-pass type I membrane protein 3 TLR2, TLR4, TLR9
Secreted 2 BCHE, IL10
extracellular region 4 BCHE, IL10, TLR9, TNF
cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane 1 JAK2
Mitochondrion outer membrane 1 CNR1
mitochondrial outer membrane 1 CNR1
centriolar satellite 1 PRKCQ
ciliary membrane 1 DRD1
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle membrane 1 ATP2B1
Nucleus membrane 1 ADRA1A
nuclear membrane 1 ADRA1A
external side of plasma membrane 2 TLR4, TNF
actin cytoskeleton 1 CNR1
dendritic spine 1 DRD1
cytoplasmic vesicle 1 HTR2A
Early endosome 1 TLR4
recycling endosome 1 TNF
Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 TNF
postsynaptic membrane 2 DRD1, HTR2A
Apical cell membrane 1 ABCB1
Membrane raft 5 CNR1, GJA1, JAK2, TLR2, TNF
focal adhesion 2 GJA1, JAK2
GABA-ergic synapse 2 CNR1, DRD1
Peroxisome 1 XDH
sarcoplasmic reticulum 1 XDH
Cell projection, dendritic spine 1 DRD1
Cell junction, gap junction 1 GJA1
connexin complex 1 GJA1
contractile muscle fiber 1 GJA1
fascia adherens 1 GJA1
intermediate filament 1 GJA1
lateral plasma membrane 2 ATP2B1, GJA1
Cell projection, ruffle 1 TLR4
ruffle 1 TLR4
receptor complex 2 TLR2, TLR4
cilium 1 DRD1
Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome membrane 1 TLR2
cell projection 2 ATP2B1, TLR2
phagocytic cup 2 TLR4, TNF
phagocytic vesicle membrane 1 TLR2
cytoskeleton 1 JAK2
blood microparticle 1 BCHE
non-motile cilium 1 DRD1
Basolateral cell membrane 1 ATP2B1
fibrillar center 1 USO1
Endomembrane system 1 JAK2
endosome lumen 1 JAK2
Membrane, caveola 2 ADRA1A, HTR2A
microtubule organizing center 1 USO1
cell body fiber 1 HTR2A
Cell projection, dendrite 2 DRD1, HTR2A
Golgi-associated vesicle membrane 1 GJA1
euchromatin 1 JAK2
Presynaptic cell membrane 1 ATP2B1
cell body 1 TLR2
Golgi stack 1 USO1
lipopolysaccharide receptor complex 1 TLR4
secretory granule membrane 1 TLR2
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 1 BCHE
voltage-gated calcium channel complex 1 CACNA1I
transport vesicle 1 USO1
tight junction 1 GJA1
immunological synapse 2 ATP2B1, PRKCQ
aggresome 1 PRKCQ
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane 1 USO1
nuclear envelope lumen 1 BCHE
neurofilament 1 HTR2A
extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane 1 JAK2
external side of apical plasma membrane 1 ABCB1
endolysosome membrane 1 TLR9
early phagosome 1 TLR9
Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome 1 TLR9
Toll-like receptor 1-Toll-like receptor 2 protein complex 1 TLR2
Toll-like receptor 2-Toll-like receptor 6 protein complex 1 TLR2
extrinsic component of plasma membrane 1 JAK2
granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor complex 1 JAK2
interleukin-12 receptor complex 1 JAK2
interleukin-23 receptor complex 1 JAK2
Cell projection, cilium membrane 1 DRD1
cell-cell contact zone 1 GJA1
[Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted 1 TNF
photoreceptor ribbon synapse 1 ATP2B1
G protein-coupled receptor complex 1 DRD1
endolysosome 1 TLR9
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex 2 HTR2A, HTR2C
[C-domain 2]: Secreted 1 TNF
[Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane 1 TNF
[C-domain 1]: Secreted 1 TNF


文献列表

  • Joanne E Haughan, Jaclyn R Missanelli, Youwen You, Darko Stefanovski, Lawrence R Soma, Mary A Robinson. Pharmacokinetics of glaucine after intravenous and oral administrations and detection of systemic aporphine alkaloids after ingestion of tulip poplar shavings in horses. Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics. 2022 May; 45(3):273-282. doi: 10.1111/jvp.13057. [PMID: 35394081]
  • Gonzalo Fuentes-Barros, Sebastián Castro-Saavedra, Leonel Liberona, Williams Acevedo-Fuentes, Cristian Tirapegui, César Mattar, Bruce K Cassels. Variation of the alkaloid content of Peumus boldus (boldo). Fitoterapia. 2018 Jun; 127(?):179-185. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.02.020. [PMID: 29454020]
  • Iva Doycheva, Stefan Philipov, Marina Stanilova. Evaluation of Glaucine Content in Bulgarian Black Sea Coast Localities of Glauciumflavum Cranz. (Papaveraceae). Natural product communications. 2017 Feb; 12(2):157-158. doi: ". [PMID: 30428199]
  • Limei Chang, Jillian M Hagel, Peter J Facchini. Isolation and Characterization of O-methyltransferases Involved in the Biosynthesis of Glaucine in Glaucium flavum. Plant physiology. 2015 Oct; 169(2):1127-40. doi: 10.1104/pp.15.01240. [PMID: 26297140]
  • Hyereen Kang, Sung-Wuk Jang, Jhang Ho Pak, Sungbo Shim. Glaucine inhibits breast cancer cell migration and invasion by inhibiting MMP-9 gene expression through the suppression of NF-κB activation. Molecular and cellular biochemistry. 2015 May; 403(1-2):85-94. doi: 10.1007/s11010-015-2339-9. [PMID: 25670016]
  • Valeriya Gyurkovska, Stefan Philipov, Nadezhda Kostova, Nina Ivanovska. Acetylated derivative of glaucine inhibits joint inflammation in collagenase-induced arthritis. Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology. 2015 Feb; 37(1):56-62. doi: 10.3109/08923973.2014.972414. [PMID: 25328086]
  • M E Mohamed, A M Arafa, S S Soliman, S I Eldahmy. Plant germination and production of callus from the yellow hornpoppy (Glaucium flavum): the first stage of micropropagation. Die Pharmazie. 2014 Sep; 69(9):715-20. doi: . [PMID: 25272947]
  • Cai-Ying Peng, Jian-Qun Liu, Rui Zhang, Ji-Cheng Shu. A new alkaloid from the fruit of Nandina domestica Thunb. Natural product research. 2014; 28(15):1159-64. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2014.921166. [PMID: 24897106]
  • Felipe M A da Silva, Afonso D L de Souza, Hector H F Koolen, Andersson Barison, Mayara E Vendramin, Emmanoel V Costa, Antonio G Ferreira, Maria Lúcia B Pinheiro. Phytochemical study of the alkaloidal fractions of Unonopsis duckei R. E. Fr. guided by electrospray ionisation ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. Phytochemical analysis : PCA. 2014 Jan; 25(1):45-9. doi: 10.1002/pca.2458. [PMID: 23922254]
  • Lamine Bournine, Sihem Bensalem, Jean-Noël Wauters, Mokrane Iguer-Ouada, Fadila Maiza-Benabdesselam, Fatiha Bedjou, Vincent Castronovo, Akeila Bellahcène, Monique Tits, Michel Frédérich. Identification and quantification of the main active anticancer alkaloids from the root of Glaucium flavum. International journal of molecular sciences. 2013 Dec; 14(12):23533-44. doi: 10.3390/ijms141223533. [PMID: 24317429]
  • Golo M J Meyer, Markus R Meyer, Dirk K Wissenbach, Hans H Maurer. Studies on the metabolism and toxicological detection of glaucine, an isoquinoline alkaloid from Glaucium flavum (Papaveraceae), in rat urine using GC-MS, LC-MS(n) and LC-high-resolution MS(n). Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS. 2013 Jan; 48(1):24-41. doi: 10.1002/jms.3112. [PMID: 23303745]
  • Zhanying Hong, Liang Zhao, Xiaoling Wang, Jian Le, Jing Jia, Yifeng Chai, Guoqing Zhang. High-performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry with adjustment of fragmentor voltages for rapid identification of alkaloids in rat plasma after oral administration of rhizoma Corydalis extracts. Journal of separation science. 2012 Jul; 35(13):1690-6. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201200126. [PMID: 22761149]
  • Tamara Al-Bader, Adam Byrne, Johanna Gillbro, Andrea Mitarotonda, Adeline Metois, Francis Vial, Anthony V Rawlings, Aurelie Laloeuf. Effect of cosmetic ingredients as anticellulite agents: synergistic action of actives with in vitro and in vivo efficacy. Journal of cosmetic dermatology. 2012 Mar; 11(1):17-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1473-2165.2011.00594.x. [PMID: 22360330]
  • Ziming Lu, Wuxing Sun, Xuhong Duan, Zhiyun Yang, Yadong Liu, Pengfei Tu. [Chemical constituents from Corydalis yanhusuo]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2012 Jan; 37(2):235-7. doi: . [PMID: 22737858]
  • Xiao Wang, Hongjing Dong, Bin Yang, Dahui Liu, Wenjuan Duan, Luqi Huang. Preparative isolation of alkaloids from Dactylicapnos scandens using pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography by changing the length of the separation column. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2011 Dec; 879(31):3767-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.10.013. [PMID: 22056347]
  • Chen Wang, Shuowen Wang, Guorong Fan, Hanfa Zou. Screening of antinociceptive components in Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang by comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2010 Mar; 396(5):1731-40. doi: 10.1007/s00216-009-3409-1. [PMID: 20101504]
  • Mimi Remichkova, Petya Dimitrova, Stefan Philipov, Nina Ivanovska. Toll-like receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory action of glaucine and oxoglaucine. Fitoterapia. 2009 Oct; 80(7):411-4. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2009.05.016. [PMID: 19481591]
  • Satnam Lidder, Paul Dargan, Michael Sexton, Jenny Button, John Ramsey, David Holt, David Wood. Cardiovascular toxicity associated with recreational use of diphenylprolinol (diphenyl-2-pyrrolidinemethanol [D2PM]). Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology. 2008 Sep; 4(3):167-9. doi: 10.1007/bf03161195. [PMID: 18821489]
  • Paul I Dargan, Jenny Button, Leonard Hawkins, John R H Archer, Hanna Ovaska, Satnam Lidder, John Ramsey, David W Holt, David M Wood. Detection of the pharmaceutical agent glaucine as a recreational drug. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2008 May; 64(5):553-4. doi: 10.1007/s00228-007-0451-9. [PMID: 18204834]
  • Yi-Nan Zhang, Xiang-Gen Zhong, Zong-Ping Zheng, Xu-Dong Hu, Jian-Ping Zuo, Li-Hong Hu. Discovery and synthesis of new immunosuppressive alkaloids from the stem of Fissistigma oldhamii (Hemsl.) Merr. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2007 Jan; 15(2):988-96. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.10.034. [PMID: 17081761]
  • Tzong-Cherng Chi, Shoei-Sheng Lee, Ming-Jai Su. Antihyperglycemic effect of aporphines and their derivatives in normal and diabetic rats. Planta medica. 2006 Oct; 72(13):1175-80. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-947199. [PMID: 16924583]
  • Cristina Flors, Chantal Prat, Rafael Suau, Francisco Nájera, Santi Nonell. Photochemistry of phytoalexins containing phenalenone-like chromophores: photophysics and singlet oxygen photosensitizing properties of the plant oxoaporphine alkaloid oxoglaucine. Photochemistry and photobiology. 2005 Jan; 81(1):120-4. doi: 10.1562/2004-07-23-ra-243. [PMID: 15493958]
  • Sara Hoet, Caroline Stévigny, Sébastien Block, Frederik Opperdoes, Pierre Colson, Brigitte Baldeyrou, Amélie Lansiaux, Christian Bailly, Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq. Alkaloids from Cassytha filiformis and related aporphines: antitrypanosomal activity, cytotoxicity, and interaction with DNA and topoisomerases. Planta medica. 2004 May; 70(5):407-13. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-818967. [PMID: 15124084]
  • K Morteza-Semnani, Gh Amin, M R Shidfar, H Hadizadeh, A Shafiee. Antifungal activity of the methanolic extract and alkaloids of Glaucium oxylobum. Fitoterapia. 2003 Jul; 74(5):493-6. doi: 10.1016/s0367-326x(03)00113-8. [PMID: 12837370]
  • Felicia Loghin, Abdeslam Chagraoui, Marcelo Asencio, Etienne Comoy, Hernan Speisky, Bruce K Cassels, Philippe Protais. Effects of some antioxidative aporphine derivatives on striatal dopaminergic transmission and on MPTP-induced striatal dopamine depletion in B6CBA mice. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2003 Feb; 18(2):133-40. doi: 10.1016/s0928-0987(02)00253-1. [PMID: 12594006]
  • Dennis J Milanowski, Rudolph E K Winter, Memory P F Elvin-Lewis, Walter H Lewis. Geographic distribution of three alkaloid chemotypes of Croton lechleri. Journal of natural products. 2002 Jun; 65(6):814-9. doi: 10.1021/np000270v. [PMID: 12088421]
  • F R Stermitz, J Tawara-Matsuda, P Lorenz, P Mueller, L Zenewicz, K Lewis. 5'-Methoxyhydnocarpin-D and pheophorbide A: Berberis species components that potentiate berberine growth inhibition of resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of natural products. 2000 Aug; 63(8):1146-9. doi: 10.1021/np990639k. [PMID: 10978214]
  • J Hu, H Speisky, I A Cotgreave. The inhibitory effects of boldine, glaucine, and probucol on TPA-induced down regulation of gap junction function. Relationships to intracellular peroxides, protein kinase C translocation, and connexin 43 phosphorylation. Biochemical pharmacology. 1995 Nov; 50(10):1635-43. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(95)02055-1. [PMID: 7503766]
  • J P Fels, P Lechat, R Rispe, W Cautreels. Determination of glaucine in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of chromatography. 1984 Jun; 308(?):273-81. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)87553-1. [PMID: 6746819]
  • D Zhelyazkov, M Markov, A Maleeva, N Visheva, V Milkov. Neuro-endocrine effects of isotheoline. Acta physiologica et pharmacologica Bulgarica. 1984; 10(4):53-8. doi: . [PMID: 6535370]
  • M Nozaki. [Combined use of bucolome and pyrazolone derivatives (1). Pharmacological activities and blood concentration]. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica. 1975 Sep; 71(6):609-29. doi: NULL. [PMID: 281]