Veratridine (BioDeep_00000006199)

   

PANOMIX_OTCML-2023


代谢物信息卡片


[(1R,2S,6S,9S,10R,11S,12S,14R,15S,18S,19S,22S,23S,25R)-1,10,11,12,14,23-hexahydroxy-6,10,19-trimethyl-24-oxa-4-azaheptacyclo[12.12.0.02,11.04,9.015,25.018,23.019,25]hexacosan-22-yl] 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate

化学式: C36H51NO11 (673.3461936)
中文名称: 藜芦定, 藜芦定/藜芦碱I
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Chinese Herbal Medicine(otcml) 30.49%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC1CCC2C(C3(C(CC4(C5CCC6C7(C5(CC4(C3CN2C1)O)OC6(C(CC7)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C=C8)OC)OC)O)C)O)O)O)(C)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C36H51NO11/c1-19-6-11-26-31(3,40)35(43)25(17-37(26)16-19)33(42)18-34-24(32(33,41)15-27(35)38)10-9-23-30(34,2)13-12-28(36(23,44)48-34)47-29(39)20-7-8-21(45-4)22(14-20)46-5/h7-8,14,19,23-28,38,40-44H,6,9-13,15-18H2,1-5H3

描述信息

Veratridine is a steroid. It has a role as a sodium channel modulator. It is functionally related to a cevane.
A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal.
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents > D014704 - Veratrum Alkaloids
Veratridine (3-Veratroylveracevine) is a plant neurotoxin, a voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) agonist. Veratridine inhibits the peak current of Nav1.7, with an IC50 of 18.39?μM. Veratridine regulates sodium ion channels mainly by activating sodium ion channels, preventing channel inactivation and increasing sodium ion flow[1][2].

同义名列表

28 个代谢物同义名

[(1R,2S,6S,9S,10R,11S,12S,14R,15S,18S,19S,22S,23S,25R)-1,10,11,12,14,23-hexahydroxy-6,10,19-trimethyl-24-oxa-4-azaheptacyclo[12.12.0.02,11.04,9.015,25.018,23.019,25]hexacosan-22-yl] 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate; Cevane-3,4,12,14,16,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoate), (3?,4?,16?)-; Veratridine (6CI,7CI,8CI); 3-Veratroylveracevine; NSC 7524; Veracevine, veratrate; (3.BETA.,4.BETA.,16.BETA.)-4,12,14,16,17,20-HEXAHYDROXY-4,9-EPOXYCEVAN-3YL 3,4-DIMETHOXYBENZOATE; (3.BETA.,4.ALPHA.,16.BETA.)-4,9-EPOXYCEVANE-3,4,12,14,16,17,20-HEPTOL 3-(3,4-DIMETHOXYBENZOATE); Cevane-3,4,12,14,16,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoate), (3beta,4alpha,16beta)-; 4beta,12,14,16beta,17,20-hexahydroxy-4alpha,9-epoxycevan-3beta-yl 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate; Cevane-3-beta,4-alpha,12,14,16-beta,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoate); 4alpha,9-Epoxy-3beta-veratroyloxy-5beta-cevan-4beta, 12,14,16beta,17,20-hexaol; Cevane-3-beta,4-beta,12,14,16-beta,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-veratrate; 4,9-Epoxycevane-3-beta,4-beta,12,14,16-beta,17,20-heptol 3-veratrate; 4,9-Epoxycevane-3,4,12,14,16,17,20-heptol 3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzoate); 4,9-Epoxycevane-3beta,4alpha,12,14,16beta,17,20-heptol 3-veratrate; 4?,9-Epoxy-3?-veratroyloxy-5?-cevan-4?,12,14,16?,17,20-hexaol; 5-21-13-00709 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-3-ol; Veratrine (amorphous) (VAN); 3-Veratroylveracevine; Veratrine (amorphous); 3-Veratroylveracevin; VERATRIDINE [HSDB]; VERATRIDINE [MI]; UNII-M4BNP1KR7W; NCI60_041647; Veratridine; veratridin; M4BNP1KR7W; C36H51NO11; [(1R,10R,11S,12S,14R,23S,25R)-1,10,11,12,14,23-hexahydroxy-6,10,19-trimethyl-24-oxa-4-azaheptacyclo[12.12.0.02,11.04,9.015,25.018,23.019,25]hexacosan-22-yl] 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate



数据库引用编号

18 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

1 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Joshua Trebach, Vincent Calleo, Sara Akbar, James Langston, Michael Filigenzi, Robert S Hoffman. Detectable Digoxin Concentrations in 3 Patients with Ramps Misadventure. Wilderness & environmental medicine. 2022 09; 33(3):340-343. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2022.04.008. [PMID: 35691768]
  • David Castro, Ronald Manger, Oscar Vilariño, Ana Gago-Martínez. Evaluation of Matrix Issues in the Applicability of the Neuro-2a Cell Based Assay on the Detection of CTX in Fish Samples. Toxins. 2020 05; 12(5):. doi: 10.3390/toxins12050308. [PMID: 32397386]
  • Arvind Negi, Ciaran O Reilly, Dilip V Jarikote, Jian Zhou, Paul V Murphy. Multi-targeting protein-protein interaction inhibitors: Evolution of macrocyclic ligands with embedded carbohydrates (MECs) to improve selectivity. European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2019 Aug; 176(?):292-309. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.064. [PMID: 31112891]
  • Ai Niitsu, Ayako Egawa, Keisuke Ikeda, Kazuo Tachibana, Toshimichi Fujiwara. Veratridine binding to a transmembrane helix of sodium channel Nav1.4 determined by solid-state NMR. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2018 11; 26(21):5644-5653. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.10.012. [PMID: 30389410]
  • Xiao-Yu Zhang, Rui-Yun Bi, Peng Zhang, Ye-Hua Gan. Veratridine modifies the gating of human voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7. Acta pharmacologica Sinica. 2018 Nov; 39(11):1716-1724. doi: 10.1038/s41401-018-0065-z. [PMID: 29950616]
  • Wenbo He, Xiaoying Wang, Shan Liu, Xiaomei Yu, Zhibing Lu, Ruisong Ma, Da Luo, Jing Xie, Bo He, Hong Jiang. Sympathetic mechanisms in an animal model of vasovagal syncope. Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society. 2018 06; 28(3):333-340. doi: 10.1007/s10286-018-0503-5. [PMID: 29368225]
  • L Candenas, F M Pinto, A Cejudo-Román, C González-Ravina, M Fernández-Sánchez, N Pérez-Hernández, J Irazusta, N Subirán. Veratridine-sensitive Na+ channels regulate human sperm fertilization capacity. Life sciences. 2018 Mar; 196(?):48-55. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.01.004. [PMID: 29307525]
  • Chunlei Zhang, Juan Chen, Fang Zhao, Ruoyun Chen, Dequan Yu, Zhengyu Cao. Iritectol G, a novel iridal-type triterpenoid from Iris tectorum displays anti-epileptic activity in vitro through inhibition of sodium channels. Fitoterapia. 2017 Oct; 122(?):20-25. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.08.003. [PMID: 28807716]
  • Tadaaki Tsukamoto, Yukie Chiba, Atsuo Nakazaki, Yuki Ishikawa, Yoshiki Nakane, Yuko Cho, Mari Yotsu-Yamashita, Toshio Nishikawa, Minoru Wakamori, Keiichi Konoki. Inhibition of veratridine-induced delayed inactivation of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel by synthetic analogs of crambescin B. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters. 2017 03; 27(5):1247-1251. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.01.054. [PMID: 28143690]
  • Michael P Rassner, Andreas Moser, Marie Follo, Kevin Joseph, Vera van Velthoven-Wurster, Thomas J Feuerstein. Neocortical GABA release at high intracellular sodium and low extracellular calcium: an anti-seizure mechanism. Journal of neurochemistry. 2016 Apr; 137(2):177-89. doi: 10.1111/jnc.13555. [PMID: 26821584]
  • Lacey J Jenson, Jeffrey R Bloomquist. ROLE OF SERUM AND ION CHANNEL BLOCK ON GROWTH AND HORMONALLY-INDUCED DIFFERENTIATION OF Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf21) INSECT CELLS. Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology. 2015 Nov; 90(3):131-9. doi: 10.1002/arch.21249. [PMID: 26183110]
  • Ammara Abdullah, Sanam Sane, Kate A Branick, Jessica L Freeling, Hongmin Wang, Dong Zhang, Khosrow Rezvani. A plant alkaloid, veratridine, potentiates cancer chemosensitivity by UBXN2A-dependent inhibition of an oncoprotein, mortalin-2. Oncotarget. 2015 Sep; 6(27):23561-81. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.4452. [PMID: 26188124]
  • Cristina Romei, Chiara Sabolla, Luca Raiteri. GABA release provoked by disturbed Na(+), K(+) and Ca(2+) homeostasis in cerebellar nerve endings: roles of Ca(2+) channels, Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchangers and GAT1 transporter reversal. Neurochemistry international. 2014 Jun; 72(?):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.04.003. [PMID: 24726769]
  • Konrapob Klaywong, Gachagorn Khutrakul, Kiattawee Choowongkomon, Chalermpol Lekcharoensuk, Nantawan Petcharat, Porntippa Leckcharoensuk, Pongrama Ramasoota. Screening for lead compounds and herbal extracts with potential anti-influenza viral activity. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health. 2014 Jan; 45(1):62-74. doi: ". [PMID: 24964655]
  • Shan Zou, Roderick Chisholm, Joseph S Tauskela, Geoff A Mealing, Linda J Johnston, Catherine E Morris. Force spectroscopy measurements show that cortical neurons exposed to excitotoxic agonists stiffen before showing evidence of bleb damage. PloS one. 2013; 8(8):e73499. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073499. [PMID: 24023686]
  • Maarten E A Reith, Solav Ali, Audrey Hashim, Imran S Sheikh, Naresh Theddu, Narendra V Gaddiraju, Suneet Mehrotra, Kyle C Schmitt, Thomas F Murray, Henry Sershen, Ellen M Unterwald, Franklin A Davis. Novel C-1 substituted cocaine analogs unlike cocaine or benztropine. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 2012 Nov; 343(2):413-25. doi: 10.1124/jpet.112.193771. [PMID: 22895898]
  • Yanli Zhang, Thai Phung, James Dunlop, Julie Dalziel. hERG ion channel pharmacology: cell membrane liposomes in porous-supported lipid bilayers compared with whole-cell patch-clamping. European biophysics journal : EBJ. 2012 Nov; 41(11):949-58. doi: 10.1007/s00249-012-0852-2. [PMID: 22936309]
  • Ai Yoshinaka-Niitsu, Tohru Yamagaki, Masanori Harada, Kazuo Tachibana. Solution NMR analysis of the binding mechanism of DIVS6 model peptides of voltage-gated sodium channels and the lipid soluble alkaloid veratridine. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2012 May; 20(9):2796-802. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.03.034. [PMID: 22483840]
  • Kevin E Power, Kevin P Carlin, Brent Fedirchuk. Modulation of voltage-gated sodium channels hyperpolarizes the voltage threshold for activation in spinal motoneurones. Experimental brain research. 2012 Mar; 217(2):311-22. doi: 10.1007/s00221-011-2994-3. [PMID: 22218500]
  • Cristina Romei, Silvia Di Prisco, Maurizio Raiteri, Luca Raiteri. Glycine release provoked by disturbed Na⁺, Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ homeostasis in cerebellar nerve endings: roles of Ca²⁺ channels, Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchangers and GlyT2 transporter reversal. Journal of neurochemistry. 2011 Oct; 119(1):50-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07401.x. [PMID: 21790607]
  • Russell A Nicholson, Laurence S David, Rui Le Pan, Xin Min Liu. Pinostrobin from Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. inhibits sodium channel-activated depolarization of mouse brain synaptoneurosomes. Fitoterapia. 2010 Oct; 81(7):826-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.05.005. [PMID: 20472040]
  • F-R Zhao, H-P Mao, H Zhang, L-M Hu, H Wang, Y-F Wang, N Yanagihara, X-M Gao. Antagonistic effects of two herbs in Zuojin Wan, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, on catecholamine secretion in bovine adrenal medullary cells. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2010 Jul; 17(8-9):659-68. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.10.010. [PMID: 20153155]
  • Makoto Kawasaki, Todd A Ponzio, Chunmei Yue, Raymond L Fields, Harold Gainer. Neurotransmitter regulation of c-fos and vasopressin gene expression in the rat supraoptic nucleus. Experimental neurology. 2009 Sep; 219(1):212-22. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.05.019. [PMID: 19463813]
  • Xuan Ye, Yuguang Wang, Minghui Yang, Qingqing Wang, Qiande Liang, Zengchun Ma, Boli Zhang, Yue Gao. Investigating the in vitro metabolism of veratridine: characterization of metabolites and involved cytochrome P450 isoforms. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2009 Jan; 877(3):141-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.11.041. [PMID: 19097948]
  • Yin Duan, Chengyong Liao, Saurabh Jain, Russell A Nicholson. The cannabinoid receptor agonist CP-55,940 and ethyl arachidonate interfere with [(3)H]batrachotoxinin A 20 alpha-benzoate binding to sodium channels and inhibit sodium channel function. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP. 2008 Sep; 148(3):244-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.06.002. [PMID: 18599378]
  • Ai Niitsu, Masanori Harada, Tohru Yamagaki, Kazuo Tachibana. Conformations of 3-carboxylic esters essential for neurotoxicity in veratrum alkaloids are loosely restricted and fluctuate. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2008 Mar; 16(6):3025-31. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.12.037. [PMID: 18191403]
  • Elisa Luccini, Luca Raiteri. Mechanisms of [(3)H]glycine release from mouse spinal cord synaptosomes selectively labeled through GLYT2 transporters. Journal of neurochemistry. 2007 Dec; 103(6):2439-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04967.x. [PMID: 17944872]
  • Michael D Carrithers, Sulayman Dib-Hajj, Lisette M Carrithers, Gouzel Tokmoulina, Marc Pypaert, Elizabeth A Jonas, Stephen G Waxman. Expression of the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.5 in the macrophage late endosome regulates endosomal acidification. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 2007 Jun; 178(12):7822-32. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.12.7822. [PMID: 17548620]
  • Alan E Lomax, Jennifer R O'Hara, Niall P Hyland, Gary M Mawe, Keith A Sharkey. Persistent alterations to enteric neural signaling in the guinea pig colon following the resolution of colitis. American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology. 2007 Feb; 292(2):G482-91. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00355.2006. [PMID: 17008554]
  • Yuanming Wu, Wengang Wang, George B Richerson. The transmembrane sodium gradient influences ambient GABA concentration by altering the equilibrium of GABA transporters. Journal of neurophysiology. 2006 Nov; 96(5):2425-36. doi: 10.1152/jn.00545.2006. [PMID: 16870837]
  • Raphaële Boydron-Le Garrec, Evelyne Benoit, Martin-Pierre Sauviat, Richard J Lewis, Jordi Molgó, Dominique Laurent. Ability of some plant extracts, traditionally used to treat ciguatera fish poisoning, to prevent the in vitro neurotoxicity produced by sodium channel activators. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. 2005 Nov; 46(6):625-34. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.07.002. [PMID: 16165180]
  • Chiara Pincin, Loretta Ferrera, Oscar Moran. Minimal sodium channel pore consisting of S5-P-S6 segments preserves intracellular pharmacology. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2005 Aug; 334(1):140-4. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.06.068. [PMID: 15992775]
  • K T LePage, D Goeger, F Yokokawa, T Asano, T Shioiri, W H Gerwick, T F Murray. The neurotoxic lipopeptide kalkitoxin interacts with voltage-sensitive sodium channels in cerebellar granule neurons. Toxicology letters. 2005 Aug; 158(2):133-9. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.03.007. [PMID: 16039402]
  • Shagufta Ahmad, Leslie J Fowler, Peter S Whitton. Effects of combined lamotrigine and valproate on basal and stimulated extracellular amino acids and monoamines in the hippocampus of freely moving rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 2005 Jan; 371(1):1-8. doi: 10.1007/s00210-004-1008-4. [PMID: 15660242]
  • Shagufta Ahmad, Leslie J Fowler, Peter S Whitton. Effects of acute and chronic lamotrigine treatment on basal and stimulated extracellular amino acids in the hippocampus of freely moving rats. Brain research. 2004 Dec; 1029(1):41-7. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.09.016. [PMID: 15533314]
  • Vittorio Luzzati, Evelyne Benoit, Gilles Charpentier, Patrice Vachette. X-ray scattering study of pike olfactory nerve: elastic, thermodynamic and physiological properties of the axonal membrane. Journal of molecular biology. 2004 Oct; 343(1):199-212. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.08.029. [PMID: 15381430]
  • Fabiana Vasconcelos Campos, Thaís Helena Moreira, Paulo Sérgio Lacerda Beirão, Jader Santos Cruz. Veratridine modifies the TTX-resistant Na+ channels in rat vagal afferent neurons. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. 2004 Mar; 43(4):401-6. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.01.012. [PMID: 15051403]
  • Paul Burnett, Janet K Robertson, Jeffrey M Palmer, Richard R Ryan, Adrienne E Dubin, Robert A Zivin. Fluorescence imaging of electrically stimulated cells. Journal of biomolecular screening. 2003 Dec; 8(6):660-7. doi: 10.1177/1087057103258546. [PMID: 14711391]
  • Cecilia J Hillard, Abbas Jarrahian. Cellular accumulation of anandamide: consensus and controversy. British journal of pharmacology. 2003 Nov; 140(5):802-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705468. [PMID: 12970089]
  • Yong Xie, Yu-Bin Duan, Jian-Xue Xu, Yan-Mei Kang, San-Jue Hu. Parabolic bursting induced by veratridine in rat injured sciatic nerves. Sheng wu hua xue yu sheng wu wu li xue bao Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica. 2003 Sep; 35(9):806-10. doi: ". [PMID: 12958652]
  • R A Nicholson, C Liao, J Zheng, L S David, L Coyne, A C Errington, G Singh, G Lees. Sodium channel inhibition by anandamide and synthetic cannabimimetics in brain. Brain research. 2003 Jul; 978(1-2):194-204. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(03)02808-7. [PMID: 12834914]
  • Ging Kuo Wang, Sho-Ya Wang. Veratridine block of rat skeletal muscle Nav1.4 sodium channels in the inner vestibule. The Journal of physiology. 2003 May; 548(Pt 3):667-75. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.035469. [PMID: 12626674]
  • Maki Daniels, David R Brown. High extracellular potassium protects against the toxicity of cytosine arabinoside but is not required for the survival of cerebellar granule cells in vitro. Molecular and cellular neurosciences. 2002 Feb; 19(2):281-91. doi: 10.1006/mcne.2001.1070. [PMID: 11860280]
  • Y Gaillard, G Pepin. LC-EI-MS determination of veratridine and cevadine in two fatal cases of Veratrum album poisoning. Journal of analytical toxicology. 2001 Sep; 25(6):481-5. doi: 10.1093/jat/25.6.481. [PMID: 11550825]
  • F Trejo, V Nekrassov, M Sitges. Characterization of vinpocetine effects on DA and DOPAC release in striatal isolated nerve endings. Brain research. 2001 Aug; 909(1-2):59-67. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02621-x. [PMID: 11478921]
  • A E Drew, L L Werling. Protein kinase C regulation of dopamine transporter initiated by nicotinic receptor activation in slices of rat prefrontal cortex. Journal of neurochemistry. 2001 May; 77(3):839-48. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00293.x. [PMID: 11331413]
  • V Luzzati, L Mateu, P Vachette, E Benoit, G Charpentier, R Kado. Physical structure of the excitable membrane of unmyelinated axons: X-ray scattering study and electrophysiological properties of pike olfactory nerve. Journal of molecular biology. 2000 Nov; 304(1):69-80. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.2000.4176. [PMID: 11071811]
  • E E Ustinova, C J Barrett, S Y Sun, H D Schultz. Oxidative stress impairs cardiac chemoreflexes in diabetic rats. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology. 2000 Nov; 279(5):H2176-87. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.5.h2176. [PMID: 11045951]
  • G K Wang, C Quan, M Seaver, S Y Wang. Modification of wild-type and batrachotoxin-resistant muscle mu1 Na+ channels by veratridine. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology. 2000 Apr; 439(6):705-13. doi: 10.1007/s004249900229. [PMID: 10784344]
  • R F Bulleit, T Hsieh. MEK inhibitors block BDNF-dependent and -independent expression of GABA(A) receptor subunit mRNAs in cultured mouse cerebellar granule neurons. Brain research. Developmental brain research. 2000 Jan; 119(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/s0165-3806(99)00119-4. [PMID: 10648867]
  • I Kimura, A Islam, R Honda, H Nojima, Y Tezuka, W Zhao. Blood-pressure lowering, positive chronotropy and inotropy by the Veratrum alkaloids germidine and germerine but negative chronotropy by veratridine in mice. Journal of Asian natural products research. 2000; 2(2):133-44. doi: 10.1080/10286020008039902. [PMID: 11252678]
  • P Fleuranceau-Morel, L Barrier, B Fauconneau, A Piriou, F Huguet. Origin of 4-hydroxynonenal incubation-induced inhibition of dopamine transporter and Na+/K+ adenosine triphosphate in rat striatal synaptosomes. Neuroscience letters. 1999 Dec; 277(2):91-4. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00652-7. [PMID: 10624817]
  • J G Ortiz, J Nieves-Natal, P Chavez. Effects of Valeriana officinalis extracts on [3H]flunitrazepam binding, synaptosomal [3H]GABA uptake, and hippocampal [3H]GABA release. Neurochemical research. 1999 Nov; 24(11):1373-8. doi: 10.1023/a:1022576405534. [PMID: 10555777]
  • H J Reis, M A Prado, E Kalapothakis, M N Cordeiro, C R Diniz, L A De Marco, M V Gomez, M A Romano-Silva. Inhibition of glutamate uptake by a polypeptide toxin (phoneutriatoxin 3-4) from the spider Phoneutria nigriventer. The Biochemical journal. 1999 Oct; 343 Pt 2(?):413-8. doi: 10.1042/bj3430413. [PMID: 10510308]
  • M Barann, M Göthert, M Brüss, H Bönisch. Inhibition by steroids of [14C]-guanidinium flux through the voltage-gated sodium channel and the cation channel of the 5-HT3 receptor of N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 1999 Sep; 360(3):234-41. doi: 10.1007/s002109900089. [PMID: 10543423]
  • D Ma, M K Chakrabarti, J G Whitwam. Propofol, bradycardia and the Bezold-Jarisch reflex in rabbits. British journal of anaesthesia. 1999 Mar; 82(3):412-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/82.3.412. [PMID: 10434826]
  • J Novalbos, F Abad-Santos, P Zapater, M F Cano-Abad, J Moradiellos, P Sánchez-García, A G García. Effects of dotarizine and flunarizine on chromaffin cell viability and cytosolic Ca2+. European journal of pharmacology. 1999 Feb; 366(2-3):309-17. doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00916-9. [PMID: 10082213]
  • P G Lysko, K A Lysko, C L Webb, G Feuerstein, P E Mason, M F Walter, R P Mason. Neuroprotective activities of carvedilol and a hydroxylated derivative: role of membrane biophysical interactions. Biochemical pharmacology. 1998 Dec; 56(12):1645-56. doi: 10.1016/s0006-2952(98)00275-5. [PMID: 9973186]
  • T Kato, T Ozaki, K Tamura, Y Suzuki, M Akima, N Ohi. Novel calcium antagonists with both calcium overload inhibition and antioxidant activity. 1. 2-(3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(aminopropyl)thiazolidinones. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 1998 Oct; 41(22):4309-16. doi: 10.1021/jm980335f. [PMID: 9784106]
  • N Chen, C G Trowbridge, J B Justice. Voltammetric studies on mechanisms of dopamine efflux in the presence of substrates and cocaine from cells expressing human norepinephrine transporter. Journal of neurochemistry. 1998 Aug; 71(2):653-65. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71020653.x. [PMID: 9681456]
  • J L do Nascimento, A L Ventura, R Paes de Carvalho. Veratridine- and glutamate-induced release of [3H]-GABA from cultured chick retina cells: possible involvement of a GAT-1-like subtype of GABA transporter. Brain research. 1998 Jul; 798(1-2):217-22. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00417-x. [PMID: 9666133]
  • P Sanchez, S U Tetzloff, O A Bizzozero. Veratridine-induced depolarization reduces the palmitoylation of brain and myelin glycerolipids. Journal of neurochemistry. 1998 Apr; 70(4):1448-57. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70041448.x. [PMID: 9523561]
  • A C Tong, S Rattigan, M G Clark. Similarities between vasoconstrictor- and veratridine-stimulated metabolism in perfused rat hind limb. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology. 1998 Feb; 76(2):125-32. doi: 10.1139/y97-179. [PMID: 9635150]
  • S Hellbach, P Gärtner, J Deicke, D Fischer, A H Hassan, O F Almeida. Inherent glucocorticoid response potential of isolated hypothalamic neuroendocrine neurons. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 1998 Feb; 12(2):199-207. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.12.2.199. [PMID: 9472985]
  • W Ulbricht. Effects of veratridine on sodium currents and fluxes. Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology. 1998; 133(?):1-54. doi: 10.1007/bfb0000612. [PMID: 9600010]
  • S P Yu, C H Yeh, S L Sensi, B J Gwag, L M Canzoniero, Z S Farhangrazi, H S Ying, M Tian, L L Dugan, D W Choi. Mediation of neuronal apoptosis by enhancement of outward potassium current. Science (New York, N.Y.). 1997 Oct; 278(5335):114-7. doi: 10.1126/science.278.5335.114. [PMID: 9311914]
  • J B Gramsbergen, P S Hodgkins, A Rassoulpour, W A Turski, P Guidetti, R Schwarcz. Brain-specific modulation of kynurenic acid synthesis in the rat. Journal of neurochemistry. 1997 Jul; 69(1):290-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69010290.x. [PMID: 9202322]
  • A Ameri, T Peters. Calcium-dependent, sustained enhancement of excitability during washout of aconitine in rat hippocampal slices. Experimental brain research. 1997 May; 114(3):518-24. doi: 10.1007/pl00005661. [PMID: 9187288]
  • M Vladimirov, J G Thalhammer, N Hunt, H S Feldman, G Strichartz. Neurophysiologic actions and neurological consequences of veratridine on the rat sciatic nerve. Anesthesiology. 1997 Apr; 86(4):945-56. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199704000-00025. [PMID: 9105239]
  • T Furue, M Yakehiro, I Seyama. Differential effects of lipid-soluble toxins on sodium channels and L-type calcium channels in frog ventricular cells. Hiroshima journal of medical sciences. 1997 Mar; 46(1):43-50. doi: ". [PMID: 9114566]
  • K Minami, N Yanagihara, K Segawa, T Sata, M Tsutsui, A Shigematsu, F Izumi. Inhibition by protamine of catecholamine secretion and ion influxes in bovine adrenal medullary cells in culture. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 1996 Nov; 279(2):838-43. doi: NULL. [PMID: 8930191]
  • R Yamamoto, T Yanagita, H Kobayashi, T Yuhi, H Yokoo, A Wada. Up-regulation of functional voltage-dependent sodium channels by insulin in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. Journal of neurochemistry. 1996 Oct; 67(4):1401-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67041401.x. [PMID: 8858921]
  • P C Waldmeier, P Martin, K Stöcklin, C Portet, M Schmutz. Effect of carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine and lamotrigine on the increase in extracellular glutamate elicited by veratridine in rat cortex and striatum. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 1996 Jul; 354(2):164-72. doi: 10.1007/bf00178716. [PMID: 8857593]
  • G R Tibbs, J O Dolly, D G Nicholls. Evidence for the induction of repetitive action potentials in synaptosomes by K+-channel inhibitors: an analysis of plasma membrane ion fluxes. Journal of neurochemistry. 1996 Jul; 67(1):389-97. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67010389.x. [PMID: 8667018]
  • C Paillart, J L Boudier, J A Boudier, H Rochat, F Couraud, B Dargent. Activity-induced internalization and rapid degradation of sodium channels in cultured fetal neurons. The Journal of cell biology. 1996 Jul; 134(2):499-509. doi: 10.1083/jcb.134.2.499. [PMID: 8707833]
  • F Van Goor, J I Goldberg, J P Chang. Involvement of extracellular sodium in agonist-induced gonadotropin release from goldfish (Carassius auratus) gonadotrophs. Endocrinology. 1996 Jul; 137(7):2859-71. doi: 10.1210/endo.137.7.8770907. [PMID: 8770907]
  • V L Trainer, G B Brown, W A Catterall. Site of covalent labeling by a photoreactive batrachotoxin derivative near transmembrane segment IS6 of the sodium channel alpha subunit. The Journal of biological chemistry. 1996 May; 271(19):11261-7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.19.11261. [PMID: 8626676]
  • K Minami, N Yanagihara, K Segawa, M Tsutsui, A Shigematsu, F Izumi. Inhibitory effects of propofol on catecholamine secretion and uptake in cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 1996 Apr; 353(5):572-8. doi: 10.1007/bf00169178. [PMID: 8740152]
  • C Stier, G Skorka, R Sohr, T Ott. Time course and role of extracellular Ca2+ in veratridine-induced glutamate release. Neuroreport. 1996 Jan; 7(2):401-4. doi: 10.1097/00001756-199601310-00006. [PMID: 8730791]
  • P P Gonçalves, A P Carvalho. Characterization of the carrier-mediated [3H]GABA release from isolated synaptic plasma membrane vesicles. Neurochemical research. 1995 Feb; 20(2):177-86. doi: 10.1007/bf00970542. [PMID: 7783842]
  • J A Richter, D J Bare, H Yu, B Ghetti, J R Simon. Dopamine transporter-dependent and -independent endogenous dopamine release from weaver mouse striatum in vitro. Journal of neurochemistry. 1995 Jan; 64(1):191-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64010191.x. [PMID: 7798913]
  • M Kusaka, N Sperelakis. Veratridine actions on two types of fast Na+ channels in human uterine leiomyosarcoma cells. European journal of pharmacology. 1994 Dec; 271(2-3):387-93. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(94)90798-6. [PMID: 7705438]
  • E L Ochoa, S M O'Shea. Concomitant protein phosphorylation and endogenous acetylcholine release induced by nicotine: dependency on neuronal nicotinic receptors and desensitization. Cellular and molecular neurobiology. 1994 Aug; 14(4):315-40. doi: 10.1007/bf02088714. [PMID: 7788641]
  • K Morita, S Hamano, M Azuma, M Oka. Ca2+ inactivation of voltage-dependent Na+ channels in cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells: further studies on inhibition of veratridine-induced catecholamine secretion by external Ca2+. Japanese journal of pharmacology. 1994 Jul; 65(3):201-7. doi: 10.1254/jjp.65.201. [PMID: 7799520]
  • A M Corbett, M A Vander Klok. Sodium channel subtypes in the rat display functional differences in the presence of veratridine. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 1994 Mar; 199(3):1305-12. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1373. [PMID: 8147874]
  • M K Stachowiak, A Goc, J S Hong, A Poisner, H K Jiang, E K Stachowiak. Regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression in depolarized non-transformed bovine adrenal medullary cells: second messenger systems and promoter mechanisms. Brain research. Molecular brain research. 1994 Mar; 22(1-4):309-19. doi: 10.1016/0169-328x(94)90059-0. [PMID: 7912405]
  • N M Gulaya, A A Melnik, D I Balkov, G L Volkov, M V Vysotskiy, V E Vaskovsky. The effect of long-chain N-acylethanolamines on some membrane-associated functions of neuroblastoma C1300 N18 cells. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1993 Nov; 1152(2):280-8. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(93)90259-3. [PMID: 8218328]
  • Z Deri, V Adam-Vizi. Detection of intracellular free Na+ concentration of synaptosomes by a fluorescent indicator, Na(+)-binding benzofuran isophthalate: the effect of veratridine, ouabain, and alpha-latrotoxin. Journal of neurochemistry. 1993 Sep; 61(3):818-25. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03592.x. [PMID: 8360686]
  • T L Casebolt, G B Brown. Batrachotoxinin-A-ortho-azidobenzoate: a photoaffinity probe of the batrachotoxin binding site of voltage-sensitive sodium channels. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. 1993 Sep; 31(9):1113-22. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(93)90126-4. [PMID: 8266344]
  • D Separovic, R V Dorman. Prostaglandin F2 alpha synthesis in the hippocampal mossy fiber synaptosomal preparation: I. Dependence in arachidonic acid, phospholipase A2, calcium availability and membrane depolarization. Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids. 1993 Feb; 48(2):127-37. doi: 10.1016/0952-3278(93)90100-b. [PMID: 8446649]
  • E L Ochoa, R P Wennberg, Y An, T Tandon, T Takashima, T Nguyen, A Chui. Interactions of bilirubin with isolated presynaptic nerve terminals: functional effects on the uptake and release of neurotransmitters. Cellular and molecular neurobiology. 1993 Feb; 13(1):69-86. doi: 10.1007/bf00712990. [PMID: 8096165]
  • D S Duch, A Hernandez, S R Levinson, B W Urban. Grayanotoxin-I-modified eel electroplax sodium channels. Correlation with batrachotoxin and veratridine modifications. The Journal of general physiology. 1992 Oct; 100(4):623-45. doi: 10.1085/jgp.100.4.623. [PMID: 1334121]
  • S Lee-Son, G K Wang, A Concus, E Crill, G Strichartz. Stereoselective inhibition of neuronal sodium channels by local anesthetics. Evidence for two sites of action?. Anesthesiology. 1992 Aug; 77(2):324-35. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199208000-00016. [PMID: 1322642]
  • C Castillo, R Villegas, E Recio-Pinto. Alkaloid-modified sodium channels from lobster walking leg nerves in planar lipid bilayers. The Journal of general physiology. 1992 Jun; 99(6):897-930. doi: 10.1085/jgp.99.6.897. [PMID: 1322451]
  • M E Reith, A E Jacobson, K C Rice, M Benuck, I Zimanyi. Effect of metaphit on dopaminergic neurotransmission in rat striatal slices: involvement of the dopamine transporter and voltage-dependent sodium channel. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 1991 Dec; 259(3):1188-96. doi: . [PMID: 1662274]
  • P P Godfrey, Z Taghavi. The inhibition of agonist- or depolarisation-evoked formation of inositol phosphate by excitatory amino acids in rat cerebral cortex is due to the neurotoxic action of this class of neurotransmitter and is mediated by sodium influx. Neuropharmacology. 1991 May; 30(5):417-22. doi: 10.1016/0028-3908(91)90001-r. [PMID: 1678145]
  • R O Lockerbie, V E Miller, K H Pfenninger. Regulated plasmalemmal expansion in nerve growth cones. The Journal of cell biology. 1991 Mar; 112(6):1215-27. doi: 10.1083/jcb.112.6.1215. [PMID: 1999470]
  • J Dymshitz, R Malach, S Amir, R Simantov. Factors regulating the expression of acetylcholinesterase-containing neurons in striatal cultures: effects of chemical depolarization. Brain research. 1990 Nov; 532(1-2):131-9. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(90)91752-3. [PMID: 2178031]
  • F Dagani, R Ferrari, L Canevari. A pharmacological model for studying the role of Na+ gradients in the modulation of synaptosomal free [Ca2+]i levels and energy metabolism. Brain research. 1990 Oct; 530(2):261-6. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(90)91293-p. [PMID: 2176115]