NCBI Taxonomy: 404569
Corydalis ambigua (ncbi_taxid: 404569)
found 30 associated metabolites at species taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Corydalis
Child Taxonomies: none taxonomy data.
Protopine
Protopine is a dibenzazecine alkaloid isolated from Fumaria vaillantii. It has a role as a plant metabolite. Protopine is a natural product found in Corydalis heterocarpa var. japonica, Fumaria capreolata, and other organisms with data available. Protopine is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid occurring in opium poppies and other plants of the family papaveraceae. It has been found to inhibit histamine H1 receptors and platelet aggregation, and acts as an opioid analgesic. See also: Sanguinaria canadensis root (part of); Chelidonium majus flowering top (part of). Protopine is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid occurring in opium poppies and other plants of the family papaveraceae. It has been found to inhibit histamine H1 receptors and platelet aggregation, and acts as an opioid analgesic [HMDB] Protopine is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid occurring in opium poppies and other plants of the family papaveraceae. It has been found to inhibit histamine H1 receptors and platelet aggregation, and acts as an opioid analgesic. Protopine is an alkaloid occurring in opium poppy,[2] Corydalis tubers[3] and other plants of the family papaveraceae, like Fumaria officinalis.[4] Protopine is metabolically derived from the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (S)-Reticuline through a progressive series of five enzymatic transformations: 1) berberine bridge enzyme to (S)-Scoulerine; 2) (S)-cheilanthifoline synthase/CYP719A25 to (S)-Cheilanthifoline; 3) (S)-stylopine synthase/CYP719A20 to (S)-Stylopine; 4) (S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase to (S)-cis-N-Methylstylopine; and ultimately, 5) N-methylstylopine hydroxylase to protopine.[5] It has been found to inhibit histamine H1 receptors and platelet aggregation, and acts as an analgesic.[6][7] Protopine (Corydinine), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a specific reversible and competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Protopine exhibits anti-inflammation, anti-microbial, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour activity[1][2]. Protopine (Corydinine), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a specific reversible and competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Protopine exhibits anti-inflammation, anti-microbial, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour activity[1][2].
Tetrahydropalmatine
Tetrahydropalmatine is a berberine alkaloid obtained by formal addition of two molecules of hydrogen to the pyridine ring of palmatine. It has a role as an adrenergic agent, a non-narcotic analgesic and a dopaminergic antagonist. It is a berberine alkaloid, an organic heterotetracyclic compound and an an (S)-7,8,13,14-tetrahydroprotoberberine. It is functionally related to a palmatine. Tetrahydropalmatine is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02118610 (Treatment of Schizophrenia With L-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP): a Novel Dopamine Antagonist With Anti-inflammatory and Antiprotozoal Activity). Tetrahydropalmatine is a natural product found in Corydalis heterocarpa, Ceratocapnos heterocarpa, and other organisms with data available. A berberine alkaloid obtained by formal addition of two molecules of hydrogen to the pyridine ring of palmatine. Tetrahydropalmatine (THP) is an isoquinoline alkaloid found in several different plant species, mainly in the genus Corydalis (Yan Hu Suo),[1][2] but also in other plants such as Stephania rotunda.[3] These plants have traditional uses in Chinese herbal medicine. The pharmaceutical industry has synthetically produced the more potent enantiomer Levo-tetrahydropalmatine (Levo-THP), which has been marketed worldwide under different brand names as an alternative to anxiolytic and sedative drugs of the benzodiazepine group and analgesics such as opiates. It is also sold as a dietary supplement. In 1940, a Vietnamese scientist Sang Dinh Bui extracted an alkaloid from the root of Stephania rotunda with the yield of 1.2–1.5\\\\\\\% and he named this compound rotundine. From 1950 to 1952, two Indian scientists studied and extracted from Stephania glabra another alkaloid named hyndanrine. In 1965, the structure of rotundine and hyndarin was proved to be the same as tetrahydropalmatine. Tetrahydropalmatine has been demonstrated to possess analgesic effects and may be beneficial in the treatment of heart disease and liver damage.[5][6] It is a blocker of voltage-activated L-type calcium channel active potassium channels.[citation needed] It is a potent muscle relaxant.[citation needed] It has also shown potential in the treatment of drug addiction to both cocaine and opiates, and preliminary human studies have shown promising results.[7][8][9] The pharmacological profile of l-THP includes antagonism of dopamine D1, and D2 receptors as well as actions at dopamine D3, alpha adrenergic and serotonin receptors. The Ki values for l-THP at D1 and D2 dopamine receptors are approximately 124 nM (D1) and 388 nM (D2). In addition to the antagonism of post-synaptic dopamine receptors, the blockade of pre-synaptic autoreceptors by l-THP results in increased dopamine release, and it has been suggested that lower affinity of l-THP for D2 receptors may confer some degree of autoreceptor selectivity. Along with dopamine receptors, l-THP has been reported to interact with a number of other receptor types, including alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, at which it functions as an antagonist, and GABA-A receptors, through positive allosteric modulation. Additionally, l-THP displays significant binding to 5-HT1A and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors. In the case of 5-HT1A receptors, l-THP binds with a Ki of approximately 340 nM.[10] Animal experiments have shown that the sedative effect of THP results from blocking dopaminergic neurons in the brain. Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter in the central nervous system where it occurs in several important signaling systems that regulate muscular activity and attention, as well as feelings of joy, enthusiasm, and creativity. Therefore, THP causes no feelings of euphoria, and has been seen as an alternative to addictive drugs for people suffering from anxiety and pain, and as a possibility for relief for people not helped by existing drugs.[citation needed] Several cases of poisoning related to THP have been reported.[11] These cases involved negative effects on respiration, cardiac activity, and the nervous system. In addition, chronic hepatitis has been reported, caused by THP production in East Asia under conditions that were insufficiently sterile. Fatalities started to be reported in 1999 in cases where THP had been used in combination with other drugs having analgesic and anti-anxiety effects. All 1999 deaths could be tied to a single THP-based supplement, sold under the name "Jin Bu Huan Anodyne Tablets". Toxicity with even Jin Bu Huan has been reported.[12] This product was therefore blacklisted by US and European health authorities. In some other countries, such as Singapore, THP is treated as a controlled substance, and license is required to sell it.[citation needed] Rotundine is an antagonist of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors with IC50s of 166 nM, 1.4 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. Rotundine is also an antagonist of 5-HT1A with an IC50 of 370 nM. Rotundine is an antagonist of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors with IC50s of 166 nM, 1.4 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. Rotundine is also an antagonist of 5-HT1A with an IC50 of 370 nM. Rotundine is an antagonist of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors with IC50s of 166 nM, 1.4 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. Rotundine is also an antagonist of 5-HT1A with an IC50 of 370 nM. Tetrahydropalmatine possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats[1]. Tetrahydropalmatine possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats[1]. Tetrahydropalmatine possesses analgesic effects. Tetrahydropalmatine acts through inhibition of amygdaloid release of dopamine to inhibit an epileptic attack in rats[1].
Bicuculline
Bicuculline is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. It has a role as an agrochemical, a central nervous system stimulant, a GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist, a neurotoxin and a GABAA receptor antagonist. It is an isoquinoline alkaloid, a member of isoquinolines and a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Bicuculline is a light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. Bicuculline is a natural product found in Fumaria capreolata, Fumaria densiflora, and other organisms with data available. Bicuculline is a light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. Since it blocks the inhibitory action of GABA receptors, the action of bicuculline mimics epilepsy. This property is utilized in laboratories across the world in the in vitro study of epilepsy, generally in hippocampal or cortical neurons in prepared brain slices from rodents. This compound is also routinely used to isolate glutamatergic (excitatory amino acid) receptor function. An isoquinoline alkaloid obtained from Dicentra cucullaria and other plants. It is a competitive antagonist for GABA-A receptors. A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline which is substituted at the 5-pro-S position by a (6R)-8-oxo-6,8-dihydrofuro[3,4-e][1,3]benzodioxol-6-yl group. A light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors. It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. Bicuculline. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=485-49-4 (retrieved 2024-07-09) (CAS RN: 485-49-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is A competing neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+ activating potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks slow post-hyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant activity. Bicuculline can be used to induce seizures in mice[1][2][3][4]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3].
Canadine
(S)-canadine is the (S)-enantiomer of canadine. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is an an (S)-7,8,13,14-tetrahydroprotoberberine and a canadine. It is functionally related to a (S)-nandinine. It is an enantiomer of a (R)-canadine. (S)-Canadine is a natural product found in Hydrastis canadensis, Corydalis turtschaninovii, and other organisms with data available. The (S)-enantiomer of canadine. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.721 D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D010975 - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.718 Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors. Tetrahydroberberine is a different kind of living thing that can be extended and divided into parts. Tetrahydroberberine is a kind of effective D2 receptor antagonistic force. Tetrahydroberberine has the ability to strengthen the stomach and relieve the pressure on the stomach[1][2][3]. Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors.
Glaucine
(S)-glaucine is an aporphine alkaloid that is (S)-1,2,9,10-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. It has a role as a platelet aggregation inhibitor, a NF-kappaB inhibitor, an antitussive, an antibacterial agent, a muscle relaxant, an antineoplastic agent, a plant metabolite and a rat metabolite. It is an aporphine alkaloid, a polyether, an organic heterotetracyclic compound and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a (S)-glaucine(1+). Glaucine is a natural product found in Sarcocapnos baetica, Sarcocapnos saetabensis, and other organisms with data available. An aporphine alkaloid that is (S)-1,2,9,10-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline in which the four phenolic hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups. D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D010276 - Parasympatholytics D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D000996 - Antitussive Agents D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents Origin: Plant; SubCategory_DNP: Isoquinoline alkaloids, Aporphine alkaloids Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3]. Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3]. Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3].
corytuberine
An aporphine alkaloid that is aporphine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 11, and by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 10 (the S enantiomer).
Bicuculline (+)
Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is A competing neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+ activating potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks slow post-hyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant activity. Bicuculline can be used to induce seizures in mice[1][2][3][4]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3].
Canadine
Canadine is a berberine alkaloid that is 5,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquino[3,2-a]isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10. It is a berberine alkaloid, an organic heteropentacyclic compound, an aromatic ether and an oxacycle. Canadine is a natural product found in Glaucium squamigerum, Hydrastis canadensis, and other organisms with data available. A berberine alkaloid that is 5,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]isoquino[3,2-a]isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 9 and 10. D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D010975 - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors. Tetrahydroberberine is a different kind of living thing that can be extended and divided into parts. Tetrahydroberberine is a kind of effective D2 receptor antagonistic force. Tetrahydroberberine has the ability to strengthen the stomach and relieve the pressure on the stomach[1][2][3]. Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors.
(R)-Canadine
Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors. Tetrahydroberberine is a different kind of living thing that can be extended and divided into parts. Tetrahydroberberine is a kind of effective D2 receptor antagonistic force. Tetrahydroberberine has the ability to strengthen the stomach and relieve the pressure on the stomach[1][2][3]. Tetrahydroberberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis Corydalis, with uM-level affinity for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors.
Glaucine
Glaucine is a member of the class of compounds known as aporphines. Aporphines are quinoline alkaloids containing the dibenzo[de,g]quinoline ring system or a dehydrogenated derivative thereof. Glaucine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Glaucine can be found in barley and custard apple, which makes glaucine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Glaucine has bronchodilator and antiinflammatory effects, acting as a PDE4 inhibitor and calcium channel blocker, and is used medically as an antitussive in some countries. Glaucine may produce side effects such as sedation, fatigue, and a hallucinogenic effect characterised by colourful visual images, and has been detected as a novel psychoactive drug . Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3]. Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3]. Glaucine (O,O-Dimethylisoboldine) is an alkaloid isolated from Glaucium flavum with antitussive, bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory properties. Glaucine is a selective and orally active phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor with Kis of 3.4 μM in human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Glaucine is also a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, a Ca2+ entry blocker, and a weak dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist. Glaucine has antioxidative and antiviral activities[1][2][3].
Corydaline
Corydaline is an isoquinoline alkaloid and a member of isoquinolines. Corydaline is a natural product found in Corydalis remota, Corydalis saxicola, and other organisms with data available. D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Corydaline ((+)-Corydaline), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo, is an AChE inhibitor with an IC50 of 226 μM. Corydaline is a μ-opioid receptor (Ki of 1.23 μM) agonist and inhibits enterovirus 71 (EV71) replication (IC50 of 25.23 μM). Corydaline has anti-angiogenic, anti-allergic and gastric-emptying and antinociceptive activities[1][2][3]. Corydaline ((+)-Corydaline), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo, is an AChE inhibitor with an IC50 of 226 μM. Corydaline is a μ-opioid receptor (Ki of 1.23 μM) agonist and inhibits enterovirus 71 (EV71) replication (IC50 of 25.23 μM). Corydaline has anti-angiogenic, anti-allergic and gastric-emptying and antinociceptive activities[1][2][3]. Corydaline ((+)-Corydaline), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo, is an AChE inhibitor with an IC50 of 226 μM. Corydaline is a μ-opioid receptor (Ki of 1.23 μM) agonist and inhibits enterovirus 71 (EV71) replication (IC50 of 25.23 μM). Corydaline has anti-angiogenic, anti-allergic and gastric-emptying and antinociceptive activities[1][2][3].
Glaucine, dl
1,2,9,10-Tetramethoxy-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline is a natural product found in Sarcocapnos baetica, Sarcocapnos saetabensis, and other organisms with data available.
Protopine
Annotation level-1 D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D006633 - Histamine Antagonists relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.601 D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D006401 - Hematologic Agents > D010975 - Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.596 IPB_RECORD: 1441; CONFIDENCE confident structure Protopine (Corydinine), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a specific reversible and competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Protopine exhibits anti-inflammation, anti-microbial, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour activity[1][2]. Protopine (Corydinine), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is a specific reversible and competitive inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Protopine exhibits anti-inflammation, anti-microbial, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumour activity[1][2].
(+)-Bicuculline
relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.536 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.533 Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is A competing neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+ activating potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks slow post-hyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant activity. Bicuculline can be used to induce seizures in mice[1][2][3][4]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3].
Bicculine
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000697 - Central Nervous System Stimulants > D003292 - Convulsants D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018682 - GABA Agents > D018756 - GABA Antagonists Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is A competing neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+ activating potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks slow post-hyperpolarization (slow AHP). Bicuculline has anticonvulsant activity. Bicuculline can be used to induce seizures in mice[1][2][3][4]. Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline; d-Bicuculline), as a convulsant alkaloid, is a competitive neurotransmitter GABAA receptor antagonist (IC50=2 μM). Bicuculline also blocks Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels and subsequently blocks the slow afterhyperpolarization (slow AHP) [1][2][3].
Hyndarin
D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014150 - Antipsychotic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018492 - Dopamine Antagonists D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators Rotundine is an antagonist of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors with IC50s of 166 nM, 1.4 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. Rotundine is also an antagonist of 5-HT1A with an IC50 of 370 nM. Rotundine is an antagonist of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors with IC50s of 166 nM, 1.4 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. Rotundine is also an antagonist of 5-HT1A with an IC50 of 370 nM. Rotundine is an antagonist of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors with IC50s of 166 nM, 1.4 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively. Rotundine is also an antagonist of 5-HT1A with an IC50 of 370 nM.
