procyanidin B2 (BioDeep_00000003541)

Main id: BioDeep_00000000414

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000017259, BioDeep_00000020178, BioDeep_00000266658

natural product PANOMIX_OTCML-2023


代谢物信息卡片


(2S,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-chroman-4-yl]chromane-3,5,7-triol

化学式: C30H26O12 (578.1424196)
中文名称: 原花青素B2
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Viridiplantae(plant) 2.4%

分子结构信息

SMILES: C1C(C(OC2=C1C(=CC(=C2C3C(C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C34)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)C6=CC(=C(C=C6)O)O)O
InChI: InChI=1/C30H26O12/c31-13-7-20(37)24-23(8-13)41-29(12-2-4-16(33)19(36)6-12)27(40)26(24)25-21(38)10-17(34)14-9-22(39)28(42-30(14)25)11-1-3-15(32)18(35)5-11/h1-8,10,22,26-29,31-40H,9H2/t22-,26-,27-,28-,29-/m1/s1

描述信息

Annotation level-1
Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.
Procyanidin B2 is a natural flavonoid, with anti-cancer, antioxidant activities.
Procyanidin B2 is a natural flavonoid, with anti-cancer, antioxidant activities.

同义名列表

7 个代谢物同义名

procyanidin B2; PROCYANIDINB2; Procyanidin B2, (+)-; (2S,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-8-[(2R,3R,4R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-chroman-4-yl]chromane-3,5,7-triol; Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-ent-epicatechin; Procyanidin B1; Proanthocyanidin B2



数据库引用编号

70 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

243 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有:

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息,我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表,这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘,得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序,取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中,存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称,可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Yanxia Yu, Chunying Zuo, Mingrui Li, Yuanyuan Tang, Lingxi Li, Fang Wang, Shuting Zhang, Baoshan Sun. Novel l-Cysteine Incomplete Degradation Method for Preparation of Procyanidin B2-3'-O-Gallate and Exploration of its in Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity and in Vivo Tissue Distribution. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2024 Feb; 72(8):4023-4034. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05616. [PMID: 38357881]
  • Junren Chen, Kexin Zhong, Yiqi Jing, Shengmeng Liu, Siqi Qin, Fu Peng, Dan Li, Cheng Peng. Procyanidin B2: A promising multi-functional food-derived pigment for human diseases. Food chemistry. 2023 Sep; 420(?):136101. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136101. [PMID: 37059021]
  • Yongqiang Zhou, Sumei Li, Bowen Pan, Junwei Xiao, Tingting Tang, Shouxia Xie, Xin Yang, Guihui Wu, Jinxin Xiao, Jian Yang, Ying Zhou, Yuxin Pang, Ying Wei. Antiviral activity and active components of the leaves from Sabia parviflora Wall. ex Roxb. Natural product research. 2023 Aug; ?(?):1-4. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2239995. [PMID: 37526578]
  • Binhong Hu, Songqing Liu, Yuanyue Luo, Jingyu Pu, Xin Deng, Wenjing Zhou, Yuqing Dong, Yichuan Ma, Gang Wang, Fan Yang, Tianhui Zhu, Jiasui Zhan. Procyanidin B2 alleviates uterine toxicity induced by cadmium exposure in rats: The effect of oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 2023 Jul; 263(?):115290. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115290. [PMID: 37515969]
  • Tharindu L Suraweera, J P Jose Merlin, Graham Dellaire, Zhaolin Xu, H P Vasantha Rupasinghe. Genistein and Procyanidin B2 Reduce Carcinogen-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species and DNA Damage through the Activation of Nrf2/ARE Cell Signaling in Bronchial Epithelial Cells In Vitro. International journal of molecular sciences. 2023 Feb; 24(4):. doi: 10.3390/ijms24043676. [PMID: 36835090]
  • Safa Rguez, Majdi Hammami, Wissem Aidi Wannes, Ibtissem Hamrouni Sellami. Bioguided fractionation of procyanidin B2 as potent anti coxsackie virus B and Herpes simplex from cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.). International journal of environmental health research. 2022 Oct; ?(?):1-10. doi: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2137475. [PMID: 36264708]
  • Jinqian Chen, Hao Zhang, Xia Hu, Mengyuan Xu, Yanjun Su, Chunze Zhang, Yuan Yue, Xiaomin Zhang, Xinyu Wang, Wei Cui, Zhenyu Zhao, Xichuan Li. Phloretin exhibits potential food-drug interactions by inhibiting human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases in vitro. Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA. 2022 Oct; 84(?):105447. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105447. [PMID: 35868516]
  • Chuanping Zhao, Jiamei Tang, Xiaoya Li, Zihan Yan, Liangliang Zhao, Wenbo Lang, Chunmao Yuan, Chengyan Zhou. Beneficial effects of procyanidin B2 on adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome mice: the multi-action mechanism for ameliorating glomerular permselectivity injury. Food & function. 2022 Aug; 13(16):8436-8464. doi: 10.1039/d1fo03616e. [PMID: 35861207]
  • Li Huang, Kun-Peng Yang, Qing Zhao, Hui-Jing Li, Jin-Yi Wang, Yan-Chao Wu. Corrosion resistance and antibacterial activity of procyanidin B2 as a novel environment-friendly inhibitor for Q235 steel in 1 M HCl solution. Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 2022 Feb; 143(?):107969. doi: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107969. [PMID: 34637961]
  • Xinchuan Zheng, Yongjun Yang, Yongling Lu, Qian Chen. Affinity-Guided Isolation and Identification of Procyanidin B2 from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Rinds and its In Vitro LPS Binding and Neutralization Activities. Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands). 2021 Dec; 76(4):442-448. doi: 10.1007/s11130-021-00920-9. [PMID: 34480677]
  • Li Ma, Chengxu Li, Shuai Lian, Bin Xu, Hongming Lv, Yanzhi Liu, Jingjing Lu, Hong Ji, Shize Li, Jingru Guo, Huanmin Yang. Procyanidin B2 alleviates liver injury caused by cold stimulation through Sonic hedgehog signalling and autophagy. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine. 2021 08; 25(16):8015-8027. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.16733. [PMID: 34155807]
  • Yue Li, Zhengqi Cheng, Ke Wang, Xue Zhu, Youmna Ali, Wenying Shu, Xiaofeng Bao, Ling Zhu, Xiaohui Fan, Michael Murray, Fanfan Zhou. Procyanidin B2 and rutin in Ginkgo biloba extracts protect human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells from oxidative stress by modulating Nrf2 and Erk1/2 signalling. Experimental eye research. 2021 06; 207(?):108586. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108586. [PMID: 33891955]
  • Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhammad, Emmy Tuenter, Graha Darma Patria, Kenn Foubert, Luc Pieters, Koen Dewettinck. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Cinnamomum burmannii Blume extracts and their potential application in white chocolate. Food chemistry. 2021 Mar; 340(?):127983. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127983. [PMID: 32919354]
  • Chun-Ying Qiao, Ying Li, Yue Shang, Min Jiang, Jian Liu, Zi-Ying Zhan, Huan Ye, Yong-Ce Lin, Jing-Ya Jiao, Rong-Hui Sun, Zhi-Hong Zhang, Mei-Hua Piao, Yan-Ling Wu, Ji-Xing Nan, Li-Hua Lian. Management of Gout-associated MSU crystals-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by procyanidin B2: targeting IL-1β and Cathepsin B in macrophages. Inflammopharmacology. 2020 Dec; 28(6):1481-1493. doi: 10.1007/s10787-020-00758-8. [PMID: 33006110]
  • Xin Nie, Weiqi Tang, Zihui Zhang, Chunmiao Yang, Lei Qian, Xinya Xie, Erjiao Qiang, Jingyang Zhao, Wenfei Zhao, Lei Xiao, Nanping Wang. Procyanidin B2 mitigates endothelial endoplasmic reticulum stress through a PPARδ-Dependent mechanism. Redox biology. 2020 10; 37(?):101728. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101728. [PMID: 32961442]
  • Alice Franchi, Marco Pedrazzi, Alessandro Alberto Casazza, Enrico Millo, Gianluca Damonte, Annalisa Salis, Nara Liessi, Franco Onofri, Antonella Marte, Silvia Casagrande, Roberta De Tullio, Patrizia Perego, Monica Averna. A Bioactive Olive Pomace Extract Prevents the Death of Murine Cortical Neurons Triggered by NMDAR Over-Activation. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2020 09; 25(19):. doi: 10.3390/molecules25194385. [PMID: 32987671]
  • Filis Morina, Sachiko Hirota, Umeo Takahama. Contribution of amylose-procyanidin complexes to slower starch digestion of red-colored rice prepared by cooking with adzuki bean. International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2020 Sep; 71(6):715-725. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1719389. [PMID: 31986936]
  • Catherine P Bondonno, Nicola P Bondonno, Sujata Shinde, Armaghan Shafaei, Mary C Boyce, Ewald Swinny, Steele R Jacob, Kevin Lacey, Richard J Woodman, Kevin D Croft, Michael J Considine, Jonathan M Hodgson. Phenolic composition of 91 Australian apple varieties: towards understanding their health attributes. Food & function. 2020 Aug; 11(8):7115-7125. doi: 10.1039/d0fo01130d. [PMID: 32744555]
  • Jian-Xing Liu, Chen Yang, Ze-Jian Liu, Hong-Yong Su, Wei-Huang Zhang, Qingjun Pan, Hua-Feng Liu. Protection of procyanidin B2 on mitochondrial dynamics in sepsis associated acute kidney injury via promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Aging. 2020 08; 12(15):15638-15655. doi: 10.18632/aging.103726. [PMID: 32805725]
  • Yifei Wang, Peter de B Harrington, Pei Chen. Quantitative analysis of proanthocyanidins in cocoa using cysteamine-induced thiolysis and reversed-phase UPLC. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2020 Jul; 412(18):4343-4352. doi: 10.1007/s00216-020-02669-7. [PMID: 32372274]
  • Zhi Jie Deng, Jing Fang Zhao, Feng Huang, Gui Li Sun, Wei Gao, Li Lu, De Qiang Xiao. Protective Effect of Procyanidin B2 on Acute Liver Injury Induced by Aflatoxin B 1 in Rats. Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES. 2020 Apr; 33(4):238-247. doi: 10.3967/bes2020.033. [PMID: 32438961]
  • Guillaume Billerach, Laurent Rouméas, Eric Dubreucq, Hélène Fulcrand. Furanolysis with Menthofuran: A New Depolymerization Method for Analyzing Condensed Tannins. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 2020 Mar; 68(10):2917-2926. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00497. [PMID: 31013083]
  • Yasuyuki Fujii, Yoshitomo Suhara, Yusuke Sukikara, Tomohiro Teshima, Yoshihisa Hirota, Kenjiro Yoshimura, Naomi Osakabe. Elucidation of the Interaction between Flavan-3-ols and Bovine Serum Albumin and Its Effect on Their In-Vitro Cytotoxicity. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2019 Oct; 24(20):. doi: 10.3390/molecules24203667. [PMID: 31614668]
  • Albert Ribas-Agustí, Olga Martín-Belloso, Robert Soliva-Fortuny, Pedro Elez-Martínez. Enhancing hydroxycinnamic acids and flavan-3-ol contents by pulsed electric fields without affecting quality attributes of apple. Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.). 2019 07; 121(?):433-440. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.057. [PMID: 31108767]
  • Ermes Lo Piccolo, Ambra Viviani, Lucia Guidi, Damiano Remorini, Rossano Massai, Rodolfo Bernardi, Marco Landi. Discerning between Two Tuscany (Italy) Ancient Apple cultivars, 'Rotella' and 'Casciana', through Polyphenolic Fingerprint and Molecular Markers. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2019 May; 24(9):. doi: 10.3390/molecules24091758. [PMID: 31067628]
  • Miguel Rebollo-Hernanz, Qiaozhi Zhang, Yolanda Aguilera, Maria A Martín-Cabrejas, Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia. Cocoa Shell Aqueous Phenolic Extract Preserves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity by Attenuating Inflammation between Macrophages and Adipocytes In Vitro. Molecular nutrition & food research. 2019 05; 63(10):e1801413. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201801413. [PMID: 31018035]
  • Ya-Wei Xing, Guang-Tao Lei, Qing-Hua Wu, Yu Jiang, Man-Xiang Huang. Procyanidin B2 protects against diet-induced obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via the modulation of the gut microbiota in rabbits. World journal of gastroenterology. 2019 Feb; 25(8):955-966. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i8.955. [PMID: 30833801]
  • Eduardo Sommella, Nadia Badolati, Gennaro Riccio, Emanuela Salviati, Sara Bottone, Monica Dentice, Pietro Campiglia, Gian Carlo Tenore, Mariano Stornaiuolo, Ettore Novellino. A Boost in Mitochondrial Activity Underpins the Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Annurca Apple Polyphenols on Hepatic Cells. Nutrients. 2019 Jan; 11(1):. doi: 10.3390/nu11010163. [PMID: 30646510]
  • Joanna Oracz, Ewa Nebesny, Dorota Żyżelewicz. Identification and quantification of free and bound phenolic compounds contained in the high-molecular weight melanoidin fractions derived from two different types of cocoa beans by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-HR-MSn. Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.). 2019 01; 115(?):135-149. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.08.028. [PMID: 30599925]
  • Nicola Busatto, Daiki Matsumoto, Alice Tadiello, Urska Vrhovsek, Fabrizio Costa. Multifaceted analyses disclose the role of fruit size and skin-russeting in the accumulation pattern of phenolic compounds in apple. PloS one. 2019; 14(7):e0219354. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219354. [PMID: 31306452]
  • Dan Liu, Jianjun Deng, Snehal Joshi, Pengbo Liu, Chao Zhang, Yan Yu, Ruijuan Zhang, Daidi Fan, Haixia Yang, Doris H D'Souza. Monomeric catechin and dimeric procyanidin B2 against human norovirus surrogates and their physicochemical interactions. Food microbiology. 2018 Dec; 76(?):346-353. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.06.009. [PMID: 30166160]
  • Nadia Badolati, Eduardo Sommella, Gennaro Riccio, Emanuela Salviati, Dimitri Heintz, Sara Bottone, Emery Di Cicco, Monica Dentice, Giancarlo Tenore, Pietro Campiglia, Mariano Stornaiuolo, Ettore Novellino. Annurca Apple Polyphenols Ignite Keratin Production in Hair Follicles by Inhibiting the Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Amino Acid Oxidation. Nutrients. 2018 Oct; 10(10):. doi: 10.3390/nu10101406. [PMID: 30279339]
  • Hongming Su, Yuting Li, Dongwen Hu, Lianghua Xie, Huihui Ke, Xiaodong Zheng, Wei Chen. Procyanidin B2 ameliorates free fatty acids-induced hepatic steatosis through regulating TFEB-mediated lysosomal pathway and redox state. Free radical biology & medicine. 2018 10; 126(?):269-286. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.024. [PMID: 30142454]
  • Mei Deng, Yuanyuan Deng, Lihong Dong, Yongxuan Ma, Lei Liu, Fei Huang, Zhencheng Wei, Yan Zhang, Mingwei Zhang, Ruifen Zhang. Effect of Storage Conditions on Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Litchi Pericarp. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2018 Sep; 23(9):. doi: 10.3390/molecules23092276. [PMID: 30200581]
  • Ying Xiao, Jialin Dong, Zhiting Yin, Qiguo Wu, Yiming Zhou, Xiaoli Zhou. Procyanidin B2 protects against d-galactose-induced mimetic aging in mice: Metabolites and microbiome analysis. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. 2018 Sep; 119(?):141-149. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.017. [PMID: 29751077]
  • Junhui He, Mingchong Sun, Sujian Tian. Procyanidin B2 prevents lupus nephritis development in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Innate immunity. 2018 07; 24(5):307-315. doi: 10.1177/1753425918780985. [PMID: 29874961]
  • Srividya Gopalakrishnan, Harshavardhana H Ediga, S Sreenivasa Reddy, G Bhanuprakash Reddy, Ayesha Ismail. Procyanidin-B2 enriched fraction of cinnamon acts as a proteasome inhibitor and anti-proliferative agent in human prostate cancer cells. IUBMB life. 2018 05; 70(5):445-457. doi: 10.1002/iub.1735. [PMID: 29537730]
  • Juan Vallejo-Ochoa, Mariel López-Marmolejo, Alma Alejandra Hernández-Esquivel, Manuel Méndez-Gómez, Laura Nicolasa Suárez-Soria, Elda Castro-Mercado, Ernesto García-Pineda. Early plant growth and biochemical responses induced by Azospirillum brasilense Sp245 lipopolysaccharides in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings are attenuated by procyanidin B2. Protoplasma. 2018 Mar; 255(2):685-694. doi: 10.1007/s00709-017-1180-2. [PMID: 29110138]
  • Wei Wang, Renzong Chen, Jiye Wang. Procyanidin B2 ameliorates carrageenan-induced chronic nonbacterial prostatitis in rats via anti-inflammatory and activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2017 11; 493(1):794-799. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.089. [PMID: 28844677]
  • Yanfen Chen, Huanqing Li, Shu Zhang, Chaoyan Yang, Ziying Mai, Xueyan Hu, Zhenhu Gao, Hong Deng. Anti-myocardial Ischemia Effect and Components of Litchi Pericarp Extracts. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2017 Sep; 31(9):1384-1391. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5865. [PMID: 28744920]
  • Mei Yin, Pei Zhang, Fei Yu, Zhen Zhang, Qian Cai, Weida Lu, Baoying Li, Weidong Qin, Mei Cheng, Hao Wang, Haiqing Gao. Grape seed procyanidin B2 ameliorates hepatic lipid metabolism disorders in db/db mice. Molecular medicine reports. 2017 Sep; 16(3):2844-2850. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6900. [PMID: 28677803]
  • Jana Gau, Martine Prévost, Pierre Van Antwerpen, Menyhárt-Botond Sarosi, Steffen Rodewald, Jürgen Arnhold, Jörg Flemmig. Tannins and Tannin-Related Derivatives Enhance the (Pseudo-)Halogenating Activity of Lactoperoxidase. Journal of natural products. 2017 05; 80(5):1328-1338. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00915. [PMID: 28368593]
  • Ana Luiza Sereia, Renata Longhini, Gisely Cristiny Lopes, João Carlos Palazzo de Mello. Capillary Electrophoresis as Tool for Diastereomeric Separation in a Trichilia catigua Fraction. Phytochemical analysis : PCA. 2017 May; 28(3):144-150. doi: 10.1002/pca.2653. [PMID: 27910216]
  • Theresa Saenger, Florian Hübner, Hans-Ulrich Humpf. Short-term biomarkers of apple consumption. Molecular nutrition & food research. 2017 03; 61(3):. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201600629. [PMID: 27794196]
  • Carmen Tatiana Cuadrado-Silva, Maria Ángeles Pozo-Bayón, Coralia Osorio. Targeted Metabolomic Analysis of Polyphenols with Antioxidant Activity in Sour Guava (Psidium friedrichsthalianum Nied.) Fruit. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2016 Dec; 22(1):. doi: 10.3390/molecules22010011. [PMID: 28025550]
  • Angela Wang, Daniel J Leong, Zhiyong He, Lin Xu, Lidi Liu, Sun Jin Kim, David M Hirsh, John A Hardin, Neil J Cobelli, Hui B Sun. Procyanidins Mitigate Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis by, at Least in Part, Suppressing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling. International journal of molecular sciences. 2016 Dec; 17(12):. doi: 10.3390/ijms17122065. [PMID: 27941690]
  • Yi Zhou, Bao-Ying Li, Xiao-Li Li, Ya-Juan Wang, Zhen Zhang, Fei Pei, Quan-Zhen Wang, Jun Zhang, Ya-Wei Cai, Mei Cheng, Hai-Qing Gao. Restoration of Mimecan Expression by Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 Through Regulation of Nuclear Factor-kappaB in Mice With Diabetic Nephropathy. Iranian journal of kidney diseases. 2016 Sep; 10(5):325-331. doi: . [PMID: 27721232]
  • Patrick Cherubin, Maria Camila Garcia, David Curtis, Christopher B T Britt, John W Craft, Helen Burress, Chris Berndt, Srikar Reddy, Jessica Guyette, Tianyu Zheng, Qun Huo, Beatriz Quiñones, James M Briggs, Ken Teter. Inhibition of Cholera Toxin and Other AB Toxins by Polyphenolic Compounds. PloS one. 2016; 11(11):e0166477. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166477. [PMID: 27829022]
  • Dandan Li, Tingbao Zhao, Jianzhong Meng, Ying Jing, Fengyu Jia, Ping He. Procyanidin B2 inhibits high glucose‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in HK‑2 human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Molecular medicine reports. 2015 Dec; 12(6):8148-54. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4445. [PMID: 26498003]
  • Andoni Zuriarrain, Juan Zuriarrain, Ana Isabel Puertas, María Teresa Dueñas, Miren Ostra, Iñaki Berregi. Polyphenolic profile in cider and antioxidant power. Journal of the science of food and agriculture. 2015 Nov; 95(14):2931-43. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7036. [PMID: 25475490]
  • Lingrong Wen, Xingbo Guo, Rui Hai Liu, Lijun You, Arshad Mehmood Abbasi, Xiong Fu. Phenolic contents and cellular antioxidant activity of Chinese hawthorn 'Crataegus pinnatifida'. Food chemistry. 2015 Nov; 186(?):54-62. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.017. [PMID: 25976791]
  • Wenbin Yin, Baoying Li, Xiaoli Li, Fei Yu, Qian Cai, Zhen Zhang, Mei Cheng, Haiqing Gao. Anti-inflammatory effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 on a diabetic pancreas. Food & function. 2015 Sep; 6(9):3065-71. doi: 10.1039/c5fo00496a. [PMID: 26207855]
  • Bing-Ya Yang, Xiang-Yu Zhang, Sheng-Wen Guan, Zi-Chun Hua. Protective Effect of Procyanidin B2 against CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2015 Jul; 20(7):12250-65. doi: 10.3390/molecules200712250. [PMID: 26151119]
  • Xiaolan Jiang, Yajun Liu, Yahui Wu, Huarong Tan, Fei Meng, Yun Sheng Wang, Mingzhuo Li, Lei Zhao, Li Liu, Yumei Qian, Liping Gao, Tao Xia. Analysis of accumulation patterns and preliminary study on the condensation mechanism of proanthocyanidins in the tea plant [Camellia sinensis]. Scientific reports. 2015 Mar; 5(?):8742. doi: 10.1038/srep08742. [PMID: 25735226]
  • Jana Schmuch, Sabine Beckert, Simone Brandt, Gesine Löhr, Fabian Hermann, Thomas J Schmidt, Thomas Beikler, Andreas Hensel. Extract from Rumex acetosa L. for prophylaxis of periodontitis: inhibition of bacterial in vitro adhesion and of gingipains of Porphyromonas gingivalis by epicatechin-3-O-(4β→8)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate (procyanidin-B2-Di-gallate). PloS one. 2015; 10(3):e0120130. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120130. [PMID: 25803708]
  • Zhenli Wang, Zemin Zhang, Ning Du, Kai Wang, Lei Li. Hepatoprotective Effects of Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 in Rats With Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatic Fibrosis. Alternative therapies in health and medicine. 2015; 21 Suppl 2(?):12-21. doi: . [PMID: 26308756]
  • Ji Hee Jeong, Hyeon Ju Kim, Seon Kyeong Park, Dong Eun Jin, O-Jun Kwon, Hyun-Jin Kim, Ho Jin Heo. An investigation into the ameliorating effect of black soybean extract on learning and memory impairment with assessment of neuroprotective effects. BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2014 Dec; 14(?):482. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-482. [PMID: 25496367]
  • Keqin Ou, Paul Sarnoski, Keith R Schneider, Kaijie Song, Christina Khoo, Liwei Gu. Microbial catabolism of procyanidins by human gut microbiota. Molecular nutrition & food research. 2014 Nov; 58(11):2196-205. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201400243. [PMID: 25045165]
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