Exact Mass: 130.0179
Exact Mass Matches: 130.0179
Found 500 metabolites which its exact mass value is equals to given mass value 130.0179,
within given mass tolerance error 0.05 dalton. Try search metabolite list with more accurate mass tolerance error
0.01 dalton.
Mesaconic acid
Mesaconic acid, also known as 2-methylfumarate or citronic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an acyl chain that has a methyl branch. Usually, they are saturated and contain only one or more methyl group. However, branches other than methyl may be present. Mesaconic acid is a dicarboxylic butenoic acid, with a methyl group in position 2 and the double bound between carbons 2 and 3. Mesaconic acid was first studied for its physical properties in 1874 by Jacobus van ‘t Hoff (https://web.archive.org/web/20051117102410/http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Chem-History/Van\\%27t-Hoff-1874.html). It is now known to be involved in the biosynthesis of vitamin B12 and it is also a competitor inhibitor of the reduction of fumarate. Mesaconic acid is one of several isomeric carboxylic acids obtained from citric acid. Is used as a fire retardant, recent studies revealed this acid is a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction. [HMDB] Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. D003879 - Dermatologic Agents
Itaconic acid
Itaconic acid is a dicarboxylic acid that is methacrylic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a carboxylic acid group. It has a role as a fungal metabolite and a human metabolite. It is a dicarboxylic acid and an olefinic compound. It derives from a succinic acid. It is a conjugate acid of an itaconate(2-). This dicarboxylic acid is a white solid that is soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone. Historically, itaconic acid was obtained by the distillation of citric acid, but currently it is produced by fermentation. The name itaconic acid was devised as an anagram of aconitic acid, another derivative of citric acid. Itaconic acid, also known as itaconate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids containing a branched chain. Itaconic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Since the 1960s, it is produced industrially by the fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose or molasses using fungi such as Aspergillus itaconicus or Aspergillus terreus. For A. terreus the itaconate pathway is mostly elucidated. The generally accepted route for itaconate is via glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and a decarboxylation of cis-aconitate to itaconate via cis-aconitate-decarboxylase. The smut fungus Ustilago maydis uses an alternative route. Cis-aconitate is converted to the thermodynamically favoured trans-aconitate via aconitate-Δ-isomerase (Adi1). trans-Aconitate is further decarboxylated to itaconate by trans-aconitate-decarboxylase (Tad1). Itaconic acid is also produced in cells of macrophage lineage. It was shown that itaconate is a covalent inhibitor of the enzyme isocitrate lyase in vitro. As such, itaconate may possess antibacterial activities against bacteria expressing isocitrate lyase (such as Salmonella enterica and Mycobacterium tuberculosis). It is also sythesized in the laboratory, where dry distillation of citric acid affords itaconic anhydride, which undergoes hydrolysis to itaconic acid. Itaconic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=97-65-4 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 97-65-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Itaconic acid, a precursor of polymers, chemicals, and fuels, can be synthesized by many fungi. Itaconic acid also is a macrophage-specific metabolite. Itaconic acid mediates crosstalk between macrophage metabolism and peritoneal tumors[1][2].
Glutaconic acid
Glutaconic acid is related to the fully saturated glutaric acid and belongs to the class of compounds known as dicarboxylic acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups. Glutaconic acid is soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Glutaconic acid has been detected in the urine of individuals with inborn errors of metabolism. When present in sufficiently high levels, glutaconic acid can act as an acidogen, a neurotoxin, and a metabotoxin. An acidogen is an acidic compound that induces acidosis, which has multiple adverse effects on many organ systems. A neurotoxin is a compound that is toxic to neural tissues and cells. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of glutaconic acid are associated with glutaric aciduria type I (glutaric acidemia type I, glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, GA1, or GAT1). GA1 is an inherited disorder in which the body is unable to completely break down the amino acids lysine, hydroxylysine, and tryptophan due to a deficiency of mitochondrial glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.7, GCDH). Excessive levels of their intermediate breakdown products (e.g. glutaric acid, glutaryl-CoA, 3-hydroxyglutaric acid, glutaconic acid) can accumulate and cause damage to the brain (and also other organs), but particularly the basal ganglia. GA1 is associated with a risk for intracranial and retinal hemorrhage, and non-specific white matter changes. Babies with glutaric acidemia type I are often born with unusually large heads (macrocephaly). Other symptoms include spasticity (increased muscle tone/stiffness) and dystonia (involuntary muscle contractions resulting in abnormal movement or posture), but many affected individuals are asymptomatic. Seizures and coma (encephalopathy) are rare. GA1 also causes secondary carnitine deficiency because 3-hydroxyglutaric acid, like other organic acids, is detoxified by carnitine. Glutaconic acids neurotoxicity is thought to be partially caused by an excitotoxic mechanism in which glutaconic acid overactivates N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Accumulating trans-glutaconic (TG) acids have been proposed to be involved in the development of the striatal degeneration seen in children with glutaric acidemia type I via an excitotoxic mechanism. Glutaconic acid is an organic compound with general formula C5H6O4. The compound is a dicarboxylic acid and related with the fully saturated glutaric acid. [HMDB]
Fluorouracil
Fluorouracil is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the thymidylate synthetase conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid. [PubChem]The precise mechanism of action has not been fully determined, but the main mechanism of fluorouracil is thought to be the binding of the deoxyribonucleotide of the drug (FdUMP) and the folate cofactor, N5–10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, to thymidylate synthase (TS) to form a covalently bound ternary complex. This results in the inhibition of the formation of thymidylate from uracil, which leads to the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cell death. Fluorouracil can also be incorporated into RNA in place of uridine triphosphate (UTP), producing a fraudulent RNA and interfering with RNA processing and protein synthesis. L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L01 - Antineoplastic agents > L01B - Antimetabolites > L01BC - Pyrimidine analogues C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C272 - Antimetabolite D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C2021 - Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 2566 D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an analogue of uracil and a potent antitumor agent. 5-Fluorouracil affects pyrimidine synthesis by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase thus depleting intracellular dTTP pools. 5-Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and can be used as a chemical sensitizer[1][2]. 5-Fluorouracil also inhibits HIV[3].
4-Acetylbutyrate
4-Acetylbutyrate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms. KEIO_ID A092
3-methyl-2-oxovalerate
3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid (CAS: 1460-34-0) is an abnormal metabolite that arises from the incomplete breakdown of branched-chain amino acids. 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid is a neurotoxin, an acidogen, and a metabotoxin. A neurotoxin causes damage to nerve cells and nerve tissues. An acidogen is an acidic compound that induces acidosis, which has multiple adverse effects on many organ systems. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid are associated with maple syrup urine disease. MSUD is a metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC), leading to a buildup of the branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and their toxic by-products (ketoacids) in the blood and urine. The symptoms of MSUD often show in infancy and lead to severe brain damage if untreated. MSUD may also present later depending on the severity of the disease. If left untreated in older individuals, during times of metabolic crisis, symptoms of the condition include uncharacteristically inappropriate, extreme, or erratic behaviour and moods, hallucinations, anorexia, weight loss, anemia, diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, lethargy, oscillating hypertonia and hypotonia, ataxia, seizures, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, opisthotonus, pancreatitis, rapid neurological decline, and coma. In maple syrup urine disease, the brain concentration of branched-chain ketoacids can increase 10- to 20-fold. This leads to a depletion of glutamate and a consequent reduction in the concentration of brain glutamine, aspartate, alanine, and other amino acids. The result is a compromise of energy metabolism because of a failure of the malate-aspartate shuttle and a diminished rate of protein synthesis (PMID: 15930465). 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid is a keto-acid, which is a subclass of organic acids. Abnormally high levels of organic acids in the blood (organic acidemia), urine (organic aciduria), the brain, and other tissues lead to general metabolic acidosis. Acidosis typically occurs when arterial pH falls below 7.35. In infants with acidosis, the initial symptoms include poor feeding, vomiting, loss of appetite, weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and lack of energy (lethargy). These can progress to heart, liver, and kidney abnormalities, seizures, coma, and possibly death. These are also the characteristic symptoms of untreated MSUD. Many affected children with organic acidemias experience intellectual disability or delayed development. (s)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, also known as (3s)-2-oxo-3-methyl-N-valeric acid or (S)-omv, belongs to short-chain keto acids and derivatives class of compounds. Those are keto acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms. Thus, (s)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule (s)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). (s)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate can be found in a number of food items such as bean, prickly pear, wild leek, and nutmeg, which makes (s)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products (s)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate may be a unique S.cerevisiae (yeast) metabolite.
Ketoleucine
Ketoleucine is an abnormal metabolite that arises from the incomplete breakdown of branched-chain amino acids. Ketoleucine is both a neurotoxin and a metabotoxin. A neurotoxin causes damage to nerve cells and nerve tissues. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of ketoleucine are associated with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). MSUD is a metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC), leading to a buildup of the branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and their toxic by-products (ketoacids) in the blood and urine. The symptoms of MSUD often show in infancy and lead to severe brain damage if untreated. MSUD may also present later depending on the severity of the disease. If left untreated in older individuals, during times of metabolic crisis, symptoms of the condition include uncharacteristically inappropriate, extreme, or erratic behaviour and moods, hallucinations, anorexia, weight loss, anemia, diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, lethargy, oscillating hypertonia and hypotonia, ataxia, seizures, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, opisthotonus, pancreatitis, rapid neurological decline, and coma. In maple syrup urine disease, the brain concentration of branched-chain ketoacids can increase 10- to 20-fold. This leads to a depletion of glutamate and a consequent reduction in the concentration of brain glutamine, aspartate, alanine, and other amino acids. The result is a compromise of energy metabolism because of a failure of the malate-aspartate shuttle and a diminished rate of protein synthesis (PMID: 15930465). Ketoleucine, also known as alpha-ketoisocaproic acid or 2-oxoisocaproate, belongs to short-chain keto acids and derivatives class of compounds. Those are keto acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms. Ketoleucine is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Ketoleucine can be found in a number of food items such as arctic blackberry, sesame, sea-buckthornberry, and soft-necked garlic, which makes ketoleucine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Ketoleucine can be found primarily in most biofluids, including saliva, blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as in human muscle, neuron and prostate tissues. Ketoleucine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, ketoleucine is involved in the valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. Ketoleucine is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, propionic acidemia, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type IV, and 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type I. Ketoleucine is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Ketoleucine is a metabolite that accumulates in Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) and shown to compromise brain energy metabolism by blocking the respiratory chain (T3DB). 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (α-Ketoisocaproic acid), an abnormal metabolite, is both a neurotoxin and a metabotoxin.
2,5-Dioxopentanoate
This compound belongs to the family of Short-chain Keto Acids and Derivatives. These are keto acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms
2-Ketohexanoic acid
2-Ketohexanoic acid is a potent insulin secretagogue (PMID 7045091). 2-Ketohexanoic acid directly inhibits the ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP channel) in pancreatic beta-cells (stimulated in isolated mouse islets), but it is unknown whether direct KATP channel inhibition contributes to insulin release by 2-ketohexanoic acid and related alpha-keto acid anions, which are generally believed to act via beta-cell metabolism (PMID 16014804). 2-Ketohexanoic acid is a potent insulin secretagogue. (PMID 7045091)
dihydro-3-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl- 2(3H)-Furanone
Flavouring compound [Flavornet] DL-Pantolactone can be hydrolyzed to Pantoic acid by the lactonohydrolase of Fusarium oxysporum. DL-Pantolactone also can be used in the preparation of 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-DL-pantolactone[1][2]. DL-Pantolactone can be hydrolyzed to Pantoic acid by the lactonohydrolase of Fusarium oxysporum. DL-Pantolactone also can be used in the preparation of 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-DL-pantolactone[1][2]. Pantolactone is an endogenous metabolite.
3-Oxohexanoic acid
3-Oxohexanoic acid is fatty acid formed by the action of Fatty acid synthases from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors. This fatty acid is involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, it is the product of reaction between malonic acid and three enznymes; beta-ketoacyl -acyl-carrier- protein synthase, fatty-acid Synthase, and beta- ketoacyl -acyl-carrier- protein synthase II. [HMDB] 3-Oxohexanoic acid is fatty acid formed by the action of Fatty acid synthases from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA precursors. This fatty acid is involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. Specifically, it is the product of reaction between malonic acid and three enznymes; beta-ketoacyl -acyl-carrier- protein synthase, fatty-acid Synthase, and beta- ketoacyl -acyl-carrier- protein synthase II.
Gamma-delta-Dioxovaleric acid
gamma-delta-Dioxovaleric acid (DOVA) is the final oxidation product of 5-aminolevulinic acid, a precursor of porphyrin in the biosynthesis of heme. It can accumulate in liver, brain, and other organs under pathological conditions such as acute intermittent porphyria. [HMDB] Gamma-delta-Dioxovaleric acid (DOVA) is the final oxidation product of 5-aminolevulinic acid, a precursor of porphyrin in the biosynthesis of heme. It can accumulate in liver, brain, and other organs under pathological conditions such as acute intermittent porphyria.
4-methyl-3-oxopentanoic acid
A valeric acid derivative carrying an oxo group substituent at C-3.
Ethyl acetoacetate
Ethyl acetoacetate (EAA) is found in coffee and coffee products as well as in strawberry and yellow passion fruit juice. Ethyl acetoacetate is a flavouring agent. The organic compound ethyl acetoacetate is the ethyl ester of acetoacetic acid. It is mainly used as a chemical intermediate in the production of a wide variety of compounds, such as amino acids, analgesics, antibiotics, antimalarial agents, antipyrine, aminopyrine, and vitamin B1, as well as in the manufacture of dyes, inks, lacquers, perfumes, plastics, and yellow paint pigments (Wikipedia). The organic compound ethyl acetoacetate (EAA) is the ethyl ester of acetoacetic acid. It is mainly used as a chemical intermediate in the production of a wide variety of compounds, such as amino acids, analgesics, antibiotics, antimalarial agents, antipyrine and aminopyrine, and vitamin B1; as well as the manufacture of dyes, inks, lacquers, perfumes, plastics, and yellow paint pigments. Alone, it is used as a flavoring for food.
Adipate semialdehyde
Adipate semialdehyde is the intermediate metabolite in the formation of caproic acid. Adipate semialdehyde is converted from .alpha.-ketopimelate catalyzed by the decarboxylase enzyme, and the aminotransferase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of adipate semialdehyde to amino caproic acid. Adipate semialdehyde is the intermediate metabolite in the formation of caproic acid.
Citraconic acid
Citraconic acid, also known as 2-methylmaleate or methylmaleic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an acyl chain that has a methyl branch. Usually, they are saturated and contain only one or more methyl group. However, branches other than methyl may be present. Citraconic acid is a dicarboxylic acid consisting of maleic acid having a methyl substituent at the 2-position. Citraconic acid exists as a white solid. It is the cis-isomer of mesaconic acid and is one of the pyrocitric acids formed upon the heating of citric acid. Citraconic acid has been detected in the urine of both normal and fasting individuals (PMID: 6778884). Citraconic acid is also elevated in the urine of individuals with methylmalonic acidaemia who have suffered ketotic attacks (PMID: 116077). Altered serum levels of citraconic acid have been detected in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PMID: 28400566). Mesaconic acid is one of several isomeric carboxylic acids obtained from citric acid. Is used as a fire retardant, recent studies revealed this acid is a competitive inhibitor of fumarate reduction. [HMDB] Citraconic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids.
2-Oxo-3-methylvalerate
CONFIDENCE standard compound; ML_ID 14 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid is a neurotoxin, an acidogen, and a metabotoxin, and also an abnormal metabolite that arises from the incomplete breakdown of branched-chain amino acids.
DL-Mevalonolactone
DL-Mevalonolactone ((±)-Mevalonolactone;Mevalolactone) is the δ-lactone form of mevalonic acid, a precursor in the mevalonate pathway. DL-Mevalonolactone (Mevalonolactone) decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (?Ψm), NAD(P)H content and the capacity to retain Ca2+ in the brain, besides inducing mitochondrial swelling[1][2].
Mevalonolactone
Mevalonolactone is a substance obtained by the dehydration of mevalonic acid and is rapidly converted back into mevalonic acid in water. Mevaolonic acid exists in equilibrium with mevalolactone, which is formed by internal condensation of mevalonic acids terminal alcohol and carboxylic acid functional groups. Mevalonic acid is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of terpenes and steroids. Mevalonolactone is known ot inhibit HMG-CoA reductase activity. [HMDB] Mevalonolactone is a substance obtained by the dehydration of mevalonic acid and is rapidly converted back into mevalonic acid in water. Mevaolonic acid exists in equilibrium with mevalolactone, which is formed by internal condensation of mevalonic acids terminal alcohol and carboxylic acid functional groups. Mevalonic acid is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of terpenes and steroids. Mevalonolactone is known ot inhibit HMG-CoA reductase activity. DL-Mevalonolactone ((±)-Mevalonolactone;Mevalolactone) is the δ-lactone form of mevalonic acid, a precursor in the mevalonate pathway. DL-Mevalonolactone (Mevalonolactone) decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (?Ψm), NAD(P)H content and the capacity to retain Ca2+ in the brain, besides inducing mitochondrial swelling[1][2].
Methyl hydrogen fumarate
Methyl hydrogen fumarate is found in herbs and spices. Methyl hydrogen fumarate is found in Mexican marigold Tagetes minuta. Found in Mexican marigold Tagetes minuta Monomethyl fumarate, an active metabolite of Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), is a potent GPR109A agonist. Monomethyl fumarate has the potential for multiple neuroprotective pathways and other models of retinal disease[1][2][3].
(4S,6S)-3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one
(4S,6S)-3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one is found in root vegetables. (4S,6S)-3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one is a constituent of Osmunda japonica (zenmai). Constituent of Osmunda japonica (zenmai). (4S,6S)-3,4,5,6-Tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one is found in root vegetables.
Sherry lactone
Constituent of akaboshi zenmai (Osmunda japonica) fronds. Also isolated from sherry (stereochem. unspecified). Sherry lactone is found in alcoholic beverages and root vegetables. Sherry lactone is found in alcoholic beverages. Sherry lactone is a constituent of akaboshi zenmai (Osmunda japonica) fronds. Also isolated from sherry (stereochem. unspecified).
Acetoin acetate
Present in pineapple, paw paw, arctic bramble, red wine, cocoa and roast chicken. Flavouring ingredient. Acetoin acetate is found in many foods, some of which are alcoholic beverages, animal foods, fruits, and cocoa and cocoa products. Acetoin acetate is found in alcoholic beverages. Acetoin acetate is present in pineapple, paw paw, arctic bramble, red wine, cocoa and roast chicken. Acetoin acetate is a flavouring ingredient.
5-Ethoxy-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)furanone
5-Ethoxy-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)furanone is found in alcoholic beverages. 5-Ethoxy-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)furanone is an aroma component of Ruby Cabernet wine from the European grape Vitis vinifer
Methyl levulinate
Methyl levulinate is a caramellic flavouring agent [CCD]. Caramellic flavouring agent [CCD]
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid is a metabolite of beta-leucine in the beta-keto pathway of leucine metabolism. 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid is a known pathological metabolite and associated with propionic acidemia, especially during periods of ketoacidosis; a severe deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase in cultured fibroblasts has been detected in some neonatal cases. (PMID 7389125, 6820422, 7119896, 7430116, 3356699). 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid induces a strong activity of inosine-5-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH; the rate-limiting enzyme in GTP synthesis), mimicking glucose. (PMID: 11145582). 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid is a metabolite of beta-leucine in the beta-keto pathway of leucine metabolism. 2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid is a known pathological metabolite and associated with propionic acidemia, especially during periods of ketoacidosis; a severe deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase in cultured fibroblasts has been detected in some neonatal cases. (PMID 7389125, 6820422, 7119896, 7430116, 3356699)
2-[(Methylthio)methyl]-2-butenal
2-[(Methylthio)methyl]-2-butenal is found in coffee and coffee products. 2-[(Methylthio)methyl]-2-butenal is a flavour component of potato crisps and other snack foods, krill seasoning, roasted coffee and yeast extract Flavour component of potato crisps and other snack foods, krill seasoning, roasted coffee and yeast extracts. 2-[(Methylthio)methyl]-2-butenal is found in mushrooms, coffee and coffee products, and potato.
2-Thiophenemethanethiol
2-Thiophenemethanethiol is a flavouring ingredien Flavouring ingredient
3-(Methylthio)thiophene
3-(Methylthio)thiophene is found in animal foods. 3-(Methylthio)thiophene is a maillard product, present in meat flavour. Maillard product, present in meat flavour. 3-(Methylthio)thiophene is found in animal foods.
4-Hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-thiophenone
Roasted meat-like flavour component. Roasted meat-like flavour component
S-2-Propenyl propanethioate
S-2-Propenyl propanethioate is a flavouring ingredient. Flavouring ingredient
2-Methyl-3-thiophenethiol
Cysteine-derived Maillard product. 2-Methyl-3-thiophenethiol is a component of yeast extracts and meat flavour model systems. Possesses a meat-like, sulfury odour. Cysteine-derived Maillard product. Component of yeast extracts and meat flavour model systems. Possesses a meat-like, sulfury odour
5-Methyl-3-thiophenethiol
Cysteine-derived Maillard product. 5-Methyl-3-thiophenethiol is a component of meat flavour model systems. Possesses a green, meaty, herbaceous odour. Cysteine-derived Maillard product. Component of meat flavour model systems. Possesses a green, meaty, herbaceous odour
2-Ethyldihydro-3(2H)-thiophenone
Cysteine-derived Maillard product. Cysteine-derived Maillard product
2-Hydroxyglutaric acid lactone
2-Hydroxyglutaric acid lactone belongs to the family of Dicarboxylic Acids and Derivatives. These are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups
1,8-Naphthyridine
COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
2H-Pyran-2-one, tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-, (R)-
5-Nitrothiazole
COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Fluoruracil
D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
3-methyl-2-oxovalerate
3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid is a neurotoxin, an acidogen, and a metabotoxin, and also an abnormal metabolite that arises from the incomplete breakdown of branched-chain amino acids.
Ketoleucine
4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (α-Ketoisocaproic acid), an abnormal metabolite, is both a neurotoxin and a metabotoxin.
3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid
A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is valeric acid carrying oxo- and methyl substituents at C-2 and C-3, respectively. An alpha-keto acid analogue and metabolite of isoleucine in man, animals and bacteria. Used as a clinical marker for maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid is a neurotoxin, an acidogen, and a metabotoxin, and also an abnormal metabolite that arises from the incomplete breakdown of branched-chain amino acids.
Mesaconic acid
A dicarboxylic acid consisting of fumaric acid having a methyl substituent at the 2-position. D003879 - Dermatologic Agents
3-hydroxyhexane-2,5-dione
A diketone that is hexane-2,5-dione in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.
2-Nonene-4,6,8-triyn-1-ol|Non-2t-en-4,6,8-triin-1-ol|non-2t-ene-4,6,8-triyn-1-ol|Nonen-(2)-triin-(4.6.8)-ol-(1)|trans-Non-2-en-(4.6.8)-triyn-1-ol|trans-Non-2-en-4.6.8-triyn-1-ol
Citraconic acid
A dicarboxylic acid consisting of maleic acid having a methyl substituent at the 2-position. D003879 - Dermatologic Agents Citraconic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids.
Itaconic acid
A dicarboxylic acid that is methacrylic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a carboxylic acid group. Itaconic acid, a precursor of polymers, chemicals, and fuels, can be synthesized by many fungi. Itaconic acid also is a macrophage-specific metabolite. Itaconic acid mediates crosstalk between macrophage metabolism and peritoneal tumors[1][2].
2-Methyl-3-ketovaleric acid
A 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is valeric acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a keto group at position 3.
Glutaconic acid
A pentenedioic acid that is pent-2-ene substituted by carboxy groups at positions 1 and 5.
Ketoleucine
A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid (valeric acid) substituted with a keto group at C-2 and a methyl group at C-4. A metabolite that has been found to accumulate in maple syrup urine disease. 4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid (α-Ketoisocaproic acid), an abnormal metabolite, is both a neurotoxin and a metabotoxin.
DL-Mevalonolactone
DL-Mevalonolactone ((±)-Mevalonolactone;Mevalolactone) is the δ-lactone form of mevalonic acid, a precursor in the mevalonate pathway. DL-Mevalonolactone (Mevalonolactone) decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (?Ψm), NAD(P)H content and the capacity to retain Ca2+ in the brain, besides inducing mitochondrial swelling[1][2].
Pantoyl lactone
Origin: Animal, Furans, Lactones DL-Pantolactone can be hydrolyzed to Pantoic acid by the lactonohydrolase of Fusarium oxysporum. DL-Pantolactone also can be used in the preparation of 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-DL-pantolactone[1][2]. DL-Pantolactone can be hydrolyzed to Pantoic acid by the lactonohydrolase of Fusarium oxysporum. DL-Pantolactone also can be used in the preparation of 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-DL-pantolactone[1][2]. Pantolactone is an endogenous metabolite.
3-methyl-2-oxovalerate
3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid is a neurotoxin, an acidogen, and a metabotoxin, and also an abnormal metabolite that arises from the incomplete breakdown of branched-chain amino acids.
Divalonic acid
DL-Mevalonolactone ((±)-Mevalonolactone;Mevalolactone) is the δ-lactone form of mevalonic acid, a precursor in the mevalonate pathway. DL-Mevalonolactone (Mevalonolactone) decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (?Ψm), NAD(P)H content and the capacity to retain Ca2+ in the brain, besides inducing mitochondrial swelling[1][2].
Monomethyl fumarate
A dicarboxylic acid monoester resulting from the formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of fumaric acid with methanol. Is is a metabolite of dimethyl fumarate and used for the the treatment of patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). It also induces the NFE2L2 (Nrf2) transcription factor by binding to KEAP1. C26170 - Protective Agent > C1509 - Neuroprotective Agent Monomethyl fumarate, an active metabolite of Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), is a potent GPR109A agonist. Monomethyl fumarate has the potential for multiple neuroprotective pathways and other models of retinal disease[1][2][3].
FA 6:1;O
DL-Mevalonolactone ((±)-Mevalonolactone;Mevalolactone) is the δ-lactone form of mevalonic acid, a precursor in the mevalonate pathway. DL-Mevalonolactone (Mevalonolactone) decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (?Ψm), NAD(P)H content and the capacity to retain Ca2+ in the brain, besides inducing mitochondrial swelling[1][2].
4-hydroxy-4-methyloxan-2-one
A member of the class of 2-pyranones that is tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-one substituted by a methyl and hydroxy group at position 4.
ethyl 4-oxobutanoate
A carboxylic ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of succinic semialdehyde with ethanol.
1H,3H-Imidazo[1,5-c]thiazole,tetrahydro-,(R)-(9CI)
1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-carboxylicacid,5-amino-2,3-dihydro-
trans-4-Methyl-oxetane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester
6-Oxohexanoic acid
A medium-chain fatty acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an oxo group at position 6.
1H-Imidazole,4,5-dihydro-2-[(methylthio)methyl]-(9CI)
(R)-(+)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxaldehyde
Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrrole, 6a-ethynyl-1,6a-dihydro- (9CI)
3-Oxobutyl acetate
An acetate ester that is butyl acetate substituted by an oxo group at position 3.
cis-4-Methyl-oxetane-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester
3H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-thione,4-amino-2,4-dihydro-5-methyl-
Oxalacetate
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3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid
Flavouring ingredient. Aroma constituent of cocoa, Fontina cheese and cooked white asparagusand is) also present in beer, dough preferment and pumpkin sap. 3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid is found in many foods, some of which are cocoa and cocoa products, alcoholic beverages, milk and milk products, and green vegetables. 3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid is a neurotoxin, an acidogen, and a metabotoxin, and also an abnormal metabolite that arises from the incomplete breakdown of branched-chain amino acids.
5-Amino-4-oxopentanoate
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Iminoaspartate(1-)
A dicarboxylic acid monoanion that is the conjugate base of iminoaspartic acid and the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).
4-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-gamma-butanolactone
A butan-4-olide that is gamma-butanolactone substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group at position 4.
6-Hydroxyhex-3-enoic acid
A medium-chain hydroxy fatty acid comprising 3-hexenoic acid carrying a 6-hydroxy substituent.
Creatinate
A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of creatine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.
4-Hydroxyprolinate
The alpha-amino-acid anion formed by loss of a proton from the carboxy group of 4-hydroxyproline.
4-hydroxy-L-prolinate
The L-alpha-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-hydroxy-L-proline, formed by proton loss from the carboxy group. It is the major microspecies present at pH > 10.6.
Fluorouracil
L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L01 - Antineoplastic agents > L01B - Antimetabolites > L01BC - Pyrimidine analogues C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C272 - Antimetabolite D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C2021 - Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an analogue of uracil and a potent antitumor agent. 5-Fluorouracil affects pyrimidine synthesis by inhibiting thymidylate synthetase thus depleting intracellular dTTP pools. 5-Fluorouracil induces apoptosis and can be used as a chemical sensitizer[1][2]. 5-Fluorouracil also inhibits HIV[3].
ethyl acetoacetate
An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of acetoacetic acid with ethanol.
2-Oxohexanoic acid
A straight-chain fatty acid consisting of hexanoic acid having an oxo group at position 2.
Acetylpyruvic acid
A dioxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid carrying two oxo groups at positions 2 and 4.
oxaloacetate(2-)
A C4-dicarboxylate resuting from deprotonation of both carboxy groups of oxaloacetic acid.
N-acetyl-L-alaninate
A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of N-acetyl-L-alanine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.
1,8-Naphthyridine
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5-Ethoxydihydro-2(3H)-furanone
A butan-4-olide that is gamma-butyrolactone substituted by an ethoxy group at position 5.
DL-Pantolactone
DL-Pantolactone can be hydrolyzed to Pantoic acid by the lactonohydrolase of Fusarium oxysporum. DL-Pantolactone also can be used in the preparation of 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-DL-pantolactone[1][2]. DL-Pantolactone can be hydrolyzed to Pantoic acid by the lactonohydrolase of Fusarium oxysporum. DL-Pantolactone also can be used in the preparation of 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-DL-pantolactone[1][2].
(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate
A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of (S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid.
propionylglycinate
A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of propionylglycine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.
ethylmalonate(2-)
A dicarboxylic acid dianion resulting from the removal of a proton from both of the carboxylic acid groups of ethylmalonic acid.
(S)-3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid
The (S)-enantiomer of 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid.
(R)-3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid
The (R)-enantiomer of 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid.
(R)-Pantolactone
A butan-4-olide that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3 and two methyl groups at position 4 (the R-stereoisomer).
(R)-mevalonolactone
A 4-hydroxy-4-methyloxan-2-one that has (R)-configuration. It is a natural product found in Phomopsis archeri.
glutarate(2-)
A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both the carboxy groups of glutaric acid.
5-Oxohexanoic acid
A medium-chain fatty acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying a 5-oxo group.
