Crocin (BioDeep_00000000600)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000406309, BioDeep_00001893891

human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Antitumor activity natural product


代谢物信息卡片


bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy}methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate

化学式: C44H64O24 (976.3787)
中文名称: α-藏花素, 西红花苷, 栀子黄色素
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Viridiplantae(plant) 5.6%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC(/C=C/C=C(\C)C(=O)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O)=C\C=C\C=C(C)\C=C\C=C(/C)C(=O)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O
InChI: InChI=1S/C44H64O24/c1-19(11-7-13-21(3)39(59)67-43-37(57)33(53)29(49)25(65-43)17-61-41-35(55)31(51)27(47)23(15-45)63-41)9-5-6-10-20(2)12-8-14-22(4)40(60)68-44-38(58)34(54)30(50)26(66-44)18-62-42-36(56)32(52)28(48)24(16-46)64-42/h5-14,23-38,41-58H,15-18H2,1-4H3/b6-5+,11-7+,12-8+,19-9+,20-10+,21-13+,22-14+/t23-,24-,25-,26-,27-,28-,29-,30-,31+,32+,33+,34+,35+,36+,37-,38-,41-,42-,43+,44+/m1/s1

描述信息

Crocin is a water-soluble carotenoid pigment of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) that has been used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food preparations, and in Chinese traditional medicine as an anodyne or tranquilizer. Saffron is now used worldwide in folk medicine and is reputed to be useful in treating various human disorders such as heart and blood disorders. Stroke and heart attack are involved in reputed folkloric uses of saffron. Saffron is orally administrated as a decoction. Saffron extract exerts a protective effect on renal ischemia reperfusion induced oxidative damage in rats. Crocin suppresses tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha-induced apoptosis of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells by modulating mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 family proteins, which trigger downstream signals culminating in caspase-3 activation followed by cell death. Depriving cultured PC12 cells of serum/glucose causes a rapid increase in cellular ceramide levels, followed by an increase in the risk of cell death. The accumulation of ceramide was found to depend on the activation of neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase). Crocin prevented the activation of nSMase by enhancing the transcription of gamma-glutamylcysteinyl synthase, which contributes to a stable glutathione supply that blocks the activity of nSMase. (PMID: 17215084). Crocetin esters present in saffron stigmas and in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit are the compounds responsible for their color. (PMID: 16448211).
Crocin-1 is a diester that is crocetin in which both of the carboxy groups have been converted to their gentiobiosyl esters. It is one of the water-soluble yellow-red pigments of saffron and is used as a spice for flavouring and colouring food. Note that in India, the term Crocin is also used by GlaxoSmithKline as a brand-name for paracetamol. It has a role as an antioxidant, a food colouring, a plant metabolite and a histological dye. It is a diester, a disaccharide derivative and a diterpenoid. It is functionally related to a beta-D-gentiobiosyl crocetin and a gentiobiose.
Crocin has been investigated for the treatment of Hyperglycemia, Metabolic Syndrome, Hypertriglyceridemia, and Hypercholesterolemia.
Crocin is a natural product found in Gardenia jasminoides, Calycanthus, and other organisms with data available.
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
The colouring principle of saffron
Crocin (Crocin I) is a nutraceutical and the main constituent isolated from the stigmas of Crocus sativus with immense pharmacological properties as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidepressant and anticonvulsant[1].
Crocin (Crocin I) is a nutraceutical and the main constituent isolated from the stigmas of Crocus sativus with immense pharmacological properties as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidepressant and anticonvulsant[1].

同义名列表

56 个代谢物同义名

bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy}methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-Bis((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-((((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl) 2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-Bis((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-((((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; bis(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-2-yl (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; .BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE, 6-O-.BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-, 1,1-((2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-TETRAMETHYL-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-HEXADECAHEPTAENEDIOATE); beta-D-Glucopyranose, 6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-, 1,1-((2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-hexadecaheptaenedioate); 8,8-Diapo-.psi.,.psi.-carotenedioic acid, bis(6-O-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl) ester; 8,8-Diapo-psi,psi-carotenedioic acid, bis(6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl) ester; Bis(6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl) 8,8-diapo-psi,psi-carotenedioate; all-trans-Crocetin di-beta-delta-gentiobiosyl ester; ALL-TRANS-CROCETIN DI-.BETA.-D-GENTIOBIOSYL ESTER; all-trans-Crocetin di-beta-D-gentiobiosyl ester; TRANS-CROCETIN DI(.BETA.-D-GENTIOBIOSYL) ESTER; trans-crocetin bis(beta-D-gentiobiosyl) ester; trans-Crocetin di(beta-D-gentiobiosyl) ester; trans-Crocetin bis(β-D-gentiobiosyl) ester; trans-Crocetin bis(b-D-gentiobiosyl) ester; crocetin di-beta-D-gentiobiose ester; Crocetin Di(Beta-Gentiobiosyl)Ester; CROCETIN DI-GENTIOBIOSE ESTER [MI]; Crocetin di-β-D-gentiobiose ester; Crocetin di-b-D-gentiobiose ester; bis(beta-D-gentiobiosyl) crocetin; Crocetin bis(gentiobiosyl) ester; Bis(β-D-gentiobiosyl) crocetin; Bis(b-D-gentiobiosyl) crocetin; crocetin digentiobiosyl ester; crocetin di-gentiobiose ester; Crocetin digentiobiose ester; crocetin digentiobioside; Natural yellow 19; Natural yellow 6; CROCIN [WHO-DD]; UNII-F32BA2H92Z; Gardenia Yellow; .alpha.-crocin; Saffron (JP15); CROCIN [INCI]; Natural red 1; Tox21_111837; alpha-crocin; C.I. 75100; F32BA2H92Z; Crocin-I; crocin-1; Α-crocin; Crocin I; Crocin 1; Crocin A; a-Crocin; Saffron; Crocine; Crocin; Crocin



数据库引用编号

26 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

11 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(1)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(10)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

67 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 16 AKT1, ALB, BCL2, BDNF, CASP3, CAT, CTNNB1, MAPK14, MTOR, NFE2L2, PIK3CA, PTGS2, SIRT1, STAT3, TP53, VEGFA
Peripheral membrane protein 3 ACHE, MTOR, PTGS2
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 4 BCL2, HMOX1, MTOR, PTGS2
Nucleus 14 ACHE, AKT1, ALB, BCL2, CASP3, CTNNB1, HMOX1, MAPK14, MTOR, NFE2L2, SIRT1, STAT3, TP53, VEGFA
cytosol 14 AKT1, ALB, BCL2, CASP3, CAT, CTNNB1, HMOX1, MAPK14, MTOR, NFE2L2, PIK3CA, SIRT1, STAT3, TP53
dendrite 2 BDNF, MTOR
phagocytic vesicle 1 MTOR
centrosome 4 ALB, CTNNB1, NFE2L2, TP53
nucleoplasm 10 AKT1, CASP3, CTNNB1, HMOX1, MAPK14, MTOR, NFE2L2, SIRT1, STAT3, TP53
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex 2 NFE2L2, STAT3
Cell membrane 4 ACHE, AKT1, CTNNB1, TNF
Cytoplasmic side 2 HMOX1, MTOR
lamellipodium 3 AKT1, CTNNB1, PIK3CA
Golgi apparatus membrane 1 MTOR
Synapse 2 ACHE, CTNNB1
cell cortex 2 AKT1, CTNNB1
cell junction 1 CTNNB1
cell surface 3 ACHE, TNF, VEGFA
glutamatergic synapse 4 AKT1, CASP3, CTNNB1, MAPK14
Golgi apparatus 4 ACHE, ALB, NFE2L2, VEGFA
Golgi membrane 1 MTOR
lysosomal membrane 1 MTOR
neuromuscular junction 1 ACHE
neuronal cell body 2 CASP3, TNF
postsynapse 1 AKT1
presynaptic membrane 1 CTNNB1
synaptic vesicle 1 BDNF
Cytoplasm, cytosol 1 NFE2L2
Lysosome 1 MTOR
plasma membrane 7 ACHE, AKT1, CTNNB1, NFE2L2, PIK3CA, STAT3, TNF
Membrane 10 ACHE, AKT1, BCL2, BDNF, CAT, CTNNB1, HMOX1, MTOR, TP53, VEGFA
axon 1 BDNF
basolateral plasma membrane 1 CTNNB1
caveola 1 PTGS2
extracellular exosome 4 ALB, BMP3, CAT, CTNNB1
Lysosome membrane 1 MTOR
endoplasmic reticulum 6 ALB, BCL2, HMOX1, PTGS2, TP53, VEGFA
extracellular space 7 ACHE, ALB, BDNF, BMP3, HMOX1, TNF, VEGFA
perinuclear region of cytoplasm 5 ACHE, BDNF, CTNNB1, HMOX1, PIK3CA
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse 1 CTNNB1
adherens junction 2 CTNNB1, VEGFA
apicolateral plasma membrane 1 CTNNB1
bicellular tight junction 1 CTNNB1
intercalated disc 1 PIK3CA
mitochondrion 5 BCL2, CAT, MAPK14, SIRT1, TP53
protein-containing complex 7 AKT1, ALB, BCL2, CAT, CTNNB1, PTGS2, TP53
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 1 CAT
Microsome membrane 2 MTOR, PTGS2
postsynaptic density 1 CASP3
chromatin silencing complex 1 SIRT1
TORC1 complex 1 MTOR
TORC2 complex 1 MTOR
Secreted 5 ACHE, ALB, BDNF, BMP3, VEGFA
extracellular region 8 ACHE, ALB, BDNF, BMP3, CAT, MAPK14, TNF, VEGFA
Mitochondrion outer membrane 2 BCL2, MTOR
Single-pass membrane protein 1 BCL2
mitochondrial outer membrane 3 BCL2, HMOX1, MTOR
Mitochondrion matrix 1 TP53
mitochondrial matrix 2 CAT, TP53
Extracellular side 1 ACHE
anchoring junction 1 ALB
transcription regulator complex 3 CTNNB1, STAT3, TP53
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome 1 TP53
Nucleus membrane 1 BCL2
Bcl-2 family protein complex 1 BCL2
nuclear membrane 1 BCL2
external side of plasma membrane 1 TNF
Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix 1 VEGFA
Z disc 1 CTNNB1
beta-catenin destruction complex 1 CTNNB1
microtubule cytoskeleton 1 AKT1
nucleolus 2 SIRT1, TP53
Wnt signalosome 1 CTNNB1
apical part of cell 1 CTNNB1
cell-cell junction 2 AKT1, CTNNB1
recycling endosome 1 TNF
Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 TNF
vesicle 1 AKT1
postsynaptic membrane 1 CTNNB1
heterochromatin 1 SIRT1
Membrane raft 1 TNF
pore complex 1 BCL2
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton 2 CTNNB1, TP53
focal adhesion 2 CAT, CTNNB1
spindle 1 AKT1
Cell junction, adherens junction 1 CTNNB1
flotillin complex 1 CTNNB1
extracellular matrix 1 VEGFA
Peroxisome 1 CAT
basement membrane 1 ACHE
Peroxisome matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal membrane 1 CAT
Nucleus, PML body 3 MTOR, SIRT1, TP53
PML body 3 MTOR, SIRT1, TP53
Mitochondrion intermembrane space 1 AKT1
mitochondrial intermembrane space 1 AKT1
secretory granule 1 VEGFA
fascia adherens 1 CTNNB1
lateral plasma membrane 1 CTNNB1
nuclear speck 1 MAPK14
Nucleus inner membrane 1 PTGS2
Nucleus outer membrane 1 PTGS2
nuclear inner membrane 2 PTGS2, SIRT1
nuclear outer membrane 1 PTGS2
neuron projection 1 PTGS2
ciliary basal body 2 AKT1, ALB
chromatin 4 NFE2L2, SIRT1, STAT3, TP53
mediator complex 1 NFE2L2
phagocytic cup 1 TNF
cell periphery 1 CTNNB1
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body 1 CTNNB1
centriole 1 ALB
spindle pole 3 ALB, CTNNB1, MAPK14
blood microparticle 1 ALB
postsynaptic density, intracellular component 1 CTNNB1
Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor 1 ACHE
microvillus membrane 1 CTNNB1
site of double-strand break 1 TP53
fibrillar center 1 SIRT1
nuclear envelope 2 MTOR, SIRT1
Endomembrane system 2 CTNNB1, MTOR
euchromatin 2 CTNNB1, SIRT1
side of membrane 1 ACHE
germ cell nucleus 1 TP53
replication fork 1 TP53
myelin sheath 1 BCL2
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen 2 CAT, MAPK14
secretory granule lumen 2 CAT, MAPK14
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 3 ALB, BDNF, PTGS2
nuclear matrix 1 TP53
transcription repressor complex 1 TP53
platelet alpha granule lumen 2 ALB, VEGFA
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex 1 PIK3CA
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class IA 1 PIK3CA
beta-catenin-TCF complex 1 CTNNB1
Single-pass type IV membrane protein 1 HMOX1
presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component 1 CTNNB1
[Isoform 1]: Nucleus 1 TP53
synaptic cleft 1 ACHE
protein-DNA complex 2 CTNNB1, NFE2L2
death-inducing signaling complex 1 CASP3
eNoSc complex 1 SIRT1
rDNA heterochromatin 1 SIRT1
Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome 1 MTOR
catenin complex 1 CTNNB1
[Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted 1 TNF
catalase complex 1 CAT
BAD-BCL-2 complex 1 BCL2
[N-VEGF]: Cytoplasm 1 VEGFA
[VEGFA]: Secreted 1 VEGFA
[Isoform L-VEGF189]: Endoplasmic reticulum 1 VEGFA
[Isoform VEGF121]: Secreted 1 VEGFA
[Isoform VEGF165]: Secreted 1 VEGFA
VEGF-A complex 1 VEGFA
beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex 1 CTNNB1
[Isoform H]: Cell membrane 1 ACHE
[Neurotrophic factor BDNF precursor form]: Secreted 1 BDNF
beta-catenin-ICAT complex 1 CTNNB1
Scrib-APC-beta-catenin complex 1 CTNNB1
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class IB 1 PIK3CA
ciliary transition fiber 1 ALB
[C-domain 2]: Secreted 1 TNF
[Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane 1 TNF
[C-domain 1]: Secreted 1 TNF
[SirtT1 75 kDa fragment]: Cytoplasm 1 SIRT1


文献列表

  • Zeinab Rostami, Mansoore Saharkhiz, Mohsen Khorashadizadeh, Malaksima Ayadilord, Mohsen Naseri. The immunoregulatory property of mesenchymal stem cells in Crocin treatment by expression modulation of microRNA-155, microRNA-21, microRNA-23b, microRNA-126a, and their target inflammatory genes. Gene. 2024 Jul; 916(?):148446. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148446. [PMID: 38583816]
  • Zahra Nemati, Seyyedeh-Sanam Kazemi-Shahandashti, Adriana Garibay-Hernández, Hans-Peter Mock, Maximilian H-W Schmidt, Björn Usadel, Frank R Blattner. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of yellow-flowered crocuses to infer alternative sources of saffron metabolites. BMC plant biology. 2024 May; 24(1):369. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05036-1. [PMID: 38711012]
  • Erjola Bej, Anna Rita Volpe, Patrizia Cesare, Annamaria Cimini, Michele d'Angelo, Vanessa Castelli. Therapeutic potential of saffron in brain disorders: From bench to bedside. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2024 May; 38(5):2482-2495. doi: 10.1002/ptr.8169. [PMID: 38446350]
  • Hesham A El-Beshbishy, Dania S Waggas, Rabab A Ali. Rats' testicular toxicity induced by bisphenol A is lessened by crocin via an antiapoptotic mechanism and bumped P-glycoprotein expression. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. 2024 Apr; 241(?):107674. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107674. [PMID: 38458495]
  • Emrah Özcan, Ivana Šímová, David Bína, Radek Litvín, Tomáš Polívka. Ultrafast spectroscopy of the hydrophilic carotenoid crocin at various pH. Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP. 2024 Mar; 26(13):10225-10233. doi: 10.1039/d4cp00665h. [PMID: 38497307]
  • Wenjing Su, Anna V Mastova, Maya A Ul'yanova, Polina A Kononova, Olga Yu Selyutina, Veronika I Evseenko, Elizaveta S Meteleva, Alexander V Dushkin, Weike Su, Nikolay E Polyakov. NMR Study of Water-Soluble Carotenoid Crocin: Formation of Mixed Micelles, Interaction with Lipid Membrane and Antioxidant Activity. International journal of molecular sciences. 2024 Mar; 25(6):. doi: 10.3390/ijms25063194. [PMID: 38542168]
  • Atefe Rekabi, Arman Ram, Ahmad Nazari, Reza Arefnezhad, Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi. Does crocin create new hope for the treatment of oral problems? A focus on periodontitis. Molecular biology reports. 2024 Jan; 51(1):224. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09209-x. [PMID: 38281199]
  • Jun Ho Lee, Seong-Rae Lee, Sang Yup Lee, Pyung Cheon Lee. Complete microbial synthesis of crocetin and crocins from glycerol in Escherichia coli. Microbial cell factories. 2024 Jan; 23(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s12934-023-02287-9. [PMID: 38178149]
  • Ghulam Shabbir Khan, Muhammad Zahid Tahir, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor, Hifz-Ul- Rahman, Amjad Riaz. Ameliorative effect of crocin on post-thaw quality, fertility-associated gene expression and fertilization potential of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bull sperm. Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene. 2024 Jan; 59(1):e14519. doi: 10.1111/rda.14519. [PMID: 38268214]
  • Junjie Zhou, Danqiong Huang, Chenglong Liu, Zhangli Hu, Hui Li, Sulin Lou. Research Progress in Heterologous Crocin Production. Marine drugs. 2023 Dec; 22(1):. doi: 10.3390/md22010022. [PMID: 38248646]
  • Lucía Morote, Ángela Rubio-Moraga, Alberto José López Jiménez, Verónica Aragonés, Gianfranco Diretto, Olivia Costantina Demurtas, Sarah Frusciante, Oussama Ahrazem, José-Antonio Daròs, Lourdes Gómez-Gómez. Verbascum species as a new source of saffron apocarotenoids and molecular tools for the biotechnological production of crocins and picrocrocin. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology. 2023 Dec; ?(?):. doi: 10.1111/tpj.16589. [PMID: 38100533]
  • Alfonso Calabria, Chiara Del Prete, Ciarcia Roberto, Valentina Longobardi, Stefano Spada, Maria Teresa Alfano, Daniela De Felice, Bianca Gasparrini, Natascia Cocchia. Effect of crocin supplementation in the extender on the quality of chilled canine semen. Animal reproduction science. 2023 Dec; 259(?):107374. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107374. [PMID: 37984312]
  • Wei Chen, Jinhao Su, Yubin Liu, Tianmei Gao, Xiaohui Ji, Hanzhou Li, Huajun Li, Yuansong Wang, Hui Zhang, Shuquan Lv. Crocin Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy through Regulating Metabolism, CYP4A11/PPARγ, and TGF-β/Smad Pathways in Mice. Current drug metabolism. 2023 Nov; ?(?):. doi: 10.2174/0113892002257928231031113337. [PMID: 37936469]
  • Yuxin Gan, Chenyu Wang, Chenfeng Xu, Pingping Zhang, Shutong Chen, Lei Tang, Junbing Zhang, Huahao Zhang, Shenhua Jiang. Simultaneous extraction of crocin and geniposide from gardenia fruits (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) by probe-type ultrasound-assisted natural deep eutectic solvents and their inhibition effects on low density lipoprotein oxidation. Ultrasonics sonochemistry. 2023 Oct; 101(?):106658. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106658. [PMID: 37913593]
  • Fatemeh Taghizadeh, Fatemeh Mehryab, Seyed Alireza Mortazavi, Shahram Rabbani, Azadeh Haeri. Thiolated chitosan hydrogel-embedded niosomes: A promising crocin delivery system toward the management of aphthous stomatitis. Carbohydrate polymers. 2023 Oct; 318(?):121068. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121068. [PMID: 37479428]
  • Ying Wang, Siqi Li, Ze Zhou, Lifen Sun, Jing Sun, Chuanpu Shen, Ranran Gao, Jingyuan Song, Xiangdong Pu. The Functional Characteristics and Soluble Expression of Saffron CsCCD2. International journal of molecular sciences. 2023 Oct; 24(20):. doi: 10.3390/ijms242015090. [PMID: 37894770]
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