Crocin (BioDeep_00000000600)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000406309, BioDeep_00001893891

human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Antitumor activity natural product Volatile Flavor Compounds


代谢物信息卡片


bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy}methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate

化学式: C44H64O24 (976.3787344)
中文名称: α-藏花素, 西红花苷, 栀子黄色素
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Viridiplantae(plant) 3.37%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC(/C=C/C=C(\C)C(=O)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O)=C\C=C\C=C(C)\C=C\C=C(/C)C(=O)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O
InChI: InChI=1S/C44H64O24/c1-19(11-7-13-21(3)39(59)67-43-37(57)33(53)29(49)25(65-43)17-61-41-35(55)31(51)27(47)23(15-45)63-41)9-5-6-10-20(2)12-8-14-22(4)40(60)68-44-38(58)34(54)30(50)26(66-44)18-62-42-36(56)32(52)28(48)24(16-46)64-42/h5-14,23-38,41-58H,15-18H2,1-4H3/b6-5+,11-7+,12-8+,19-9+,20-10+,21-13+,22-14+/t23-,24-,25-,26-,27-,28-,29-,30-,31+,32+,33+,34+,35+,36+,37-,38-,41-,42-,43+,44+/m1/s1

描述信息

Crocin is a water-soluble carotenoid pigment of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) that has been used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food preparations, and in Chinese traditional medicine as an anodyne or tranquilizer. Saffron is now used worldwide in folk medicine and is reputed to be useful in treating various human disorders such as heart and blood disorders. Stroke and heart attack are involved in reputed folkloric uses of saffron. Saffron is orally administrated as a decoction. Saffron extract exerts a protective effect on renal ischemia reperfusion induced oxidative damage in rats. Crocin suppresses tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha-induced apoptosis of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells by modulating mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 family proteins, which trigger downstream signals culminating in caspase-3 activation followed by cell death. Depriving cultured PC12 cells of serum/glucose causes a rapid increase in cellular ceramide levels, followed by an increase in the risk of cell death. The accumulation of ceramide was found to depend on the activation of neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase). Crocin prevented the activation of nSMase by enhancing the transcription of gamma-glutamylcysteinyl synthase, which contributes to a stable glutathione supply that blocks the activity of nSMase. (PMID: 17215084). Crocetin esters present in saffron stigmas and in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit are the compounds responsible for their color. (PMID: 16448211).
Crocin-1 is a diester that is crocetin in which both of the carboxy groups have been converted to their gentiobiosyl esters. It is one of the water-soluble yellow-red pigments of saffron and is used as a spice for flavouring and colouring food. Note that in India, the term Crocin is also used by GlaxoSmithKline as a brand-name for paracetamol. It has a role as an antioxidant, a food colouring, a plant metabolite and a histological dye. It is a diester, a disaccharide derivative and a diterpenoid. It is functionally related to a beta-D-gentiobiosyl crocetin and a gentiobiose.
Crocin has been investigated for the treatment of Hyperglycemia, Metabolic Syndrome, Hypertriglyceridemia, and Hypercholesterolemia.
Crocin is a natural product found in Gardenia jasminoides, Calycanthus, and other organisms with data available.
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
The colouring principle of saffron
Crocin (Crocin I) is a nutraceutical and the main constituent isolated from the stigmas of Crocus sativus with immense pharmacological properties as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidepressant and anticonvulsant[1].
Crocin (Crocin I) is a nutraceutical and the main constituent isolated from the stigmas of Crocus sativus with immense pharmacological properties as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidepressant and anticonvulsant[1].

同义名列表

56 个代谢物同义名

bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy}methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-Bis((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-((((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl) 2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-Bis((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-((((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; bis[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl] (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; bis(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-2-yl (2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaenedioate; .BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE, 6-O-.BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-, 1,1-((2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-TETRAMETHYL-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-HEXADECAHEPTAENEDIOATE); beta-D-Glucopyranose, 6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-, 1,1-((2E,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-hexadecaheptaenedioate); 8,8-Diapo-.psi.,.psi.-carotenedioic acid, bis(6-O-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl) ester; 8,8-Diapo-psi,psi-carotenedioic acid, bis(6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl) ester; Bis(6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl) 8,8-diapo-psi,psi-carotenedioate; all-trans-Crocetin di-beta-delta-gentiobiosyl ester; ALL-TRANS-CROCETIN DI-.BETA.-D-GENTIOBIOSYL ESTER; all-trans-Crocetin di-beta-D-gentiobiosyl ester; TRANS-CROCETIN DI(.BETA.-D-GENTIOBIOSYL) ESTER; trans-crocetin bis(beta-D-gentiobiosyl) ester; trans-Crocetin di(beta-D-gentiobiosyl) ester; trans-Crocetin bis(β-D-gentiobiosyl) ester; trans-Crocetin bis(b-D-gentiobiosyl) ester; crocetin di-beta-D-gentiobiose ester; Crocetin Di(Beta-Gentiobiosyl)Ester; CROCETIN DI-GENTIOBIOSE ESTER [MI]; Crocetin di-β-D-gentiobiose ester; Crocetin di-b-D-gentiobiose ester; bis(beta-D-gentiobiosyl) crocetin; Crocetin bis(gentiobiosyl) ester; Bis(β-D-gentiobiosyl) crocetin; Bis(b-D-gentiobiosyl) crocetin; crocetin digentiobiosyl ester; crocetin di-gentiobiose ester; Crocetin digentiobiose ester; crocetin digentiobioside; Natural yellow 19; Natural yellow 6; CROCIN [WHO-DD]; UNII-F32BA2H92Z; Gardenia Yellow; .alpha.-crocin; Saffron (JP15); CROCIN [INCI]; Natural red 1; Tox21_111837; alpha-crocin; C.I. 75100; F32BA2H92Z; Crocin-I; crocin-1; Α-crocin; Crocin I; Crocin 1; Crocin A; a-Crocin; Saffron; Crocine; Crocin; Crocin



数据库引用编号

26 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

11 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(1)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(10)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

67 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Zeinab Rostami, Mansoore Saharkhiz, Mohsen Khorashadizadeh, Malaksima Ayadilord, Mohsen Naseri. The immunoregulatory property of mesenchymal stem cells in Crocin treatment by expression modulation of microRNA-155, microRNA-21, microRNA-23b, microRNA-126a, and their target inflammatory genes. Gene. 2024 Jul; 916(?):148446. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148446. [PMID: 38583816]
  • Zahra Nemati, Seyyedeh-Sanam Kazemi-Shahandashti, Adriana Garibay-Hernández, Hans-Peter Mock, Maximilian H-W Schmidt, Björn Usadel, Frank R Blattner. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of yellow-flowered crocuses to infer alternative sources of saffron metabolites. BMC plant biology. 2024 May; 24(1):369. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05036-1. [PMID: 38711012]
  • Erjola Bej, Anna Rita Volpe, Patrizia Cesare, Annamaria Cimini, Michele d'Angelo, Vanessa Castelli. Therapeutic potential of saffron in brain disorders: From bench to bedside. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2024 May; 38(5):2482-2495. doi: 10.1002/ptr.8169. [PMID: 38446350]
  • Hesham A El-Beshbishy, Dania S Waggas, Rabab A Ali. Rats' testicular toxicity induced by bisphenol A is lessened by crocin via an antiapoptotic mechanism and bumped P-glycoprotein expression. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. 2024 Apr; 241(?):107674. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107674. [PMID: 38458495]
  • Emrah Özcan, Ivana Šímová, David Bína, Radek Litvín, Tomáš Polívka. Ultrafast spectroscopy of the hydrophilic carotenoid crocin at various pH. Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP. 2024 Mar; 26(13):10225-10233. doi: 10.1039/d4cp00665h. [PMID: 38497307]
  • Wenjing Su, Anna V Mastova, Maya A Ul'yanova, Polina A Kononova, Olga Yu Selyutina, Veronika I Evseenko, Elizaveta S Meteleva, Alexander V Dushkin, Weike Su, Nikolay E Polyakov. NMR Study of Water-Soluble Carotenoid Crocin: Formation of Mixed Micelles, Interaction with Lipid Membrane and Antioxidant Activity. International journal of molecular sciences. 2024 Mar; 25(6):. doi: 10.3390/ijms25063194. [PMID: 38542168]
  • Atefe Rekabi, Arman Ram, Ahmad Nazari, Reza Arefnezhad, Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi. Does crocin create new hope for the treatment of oral problems? A focus on periodontitis. Molecular biology reports. 2024 Jan; 51(1):224. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09209-x. [PMID: 38281199]
  • Jun Ho Lee, Seong-Rae Lee, Sang Yup Lee, Pyung Cheon Lee. Complete microbial synthesis of crocetin and crocins from glycerol in Escherichia coli. Microbial cell factories. 2024 Jan; 23(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s12934-023-02287-9. [PMID: 38178149]
  • Ghulam Shabbir Khan, Muhammad Zahid Tahir, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor, Hifz-Ul- Rahman, Amjad Riaz. Ameliorative effect of crocin on post-thaw quality, fertility-associated gene expression and fertilization potential of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bull sperm. Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene. 2024 Jan; 59(1):e14519. doi: 10.1111/rda.14519. [PMID: 38268214]
  • Junjie Zhou, Danqiong Huang, Chenglong Liu, Zhangli Hu, Hui Li, Sulin Lou. Research Progress in Heterologous Crocin Production. Marine drugs. 2023 Dec; 22(1):. doi: 10.3390/md22010022. [PMID: 38248646]
  • Lucía Morote, Ángela Rubio-Moraga, Alberto José López Jiménez, Verónica Aragonés, Gianfranco Diretto, Olivia Costantina Demurtas, Sarah Frusciante, Oussama Ahrazem, José-Antonio Daròs, Lourdes Gómez-Gómez. Verbascum species as a new source of saffron apocarotenoids and molecular tools for the biotechnological production of crocins and picrocrocin. The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology. 2023 Dec; ?(?):. doi: 10.1111/tpj.16589. [PMID: 38100533]
  • Alfonso Calabria, Chiara Del Prete, Ciarcia Roberto, Valentina Longobardi, Stefano Spada, Maria Teresa Alfano, Daniela De Felice, Bianca Gasparrini, Natascia Cocchia. Effect of crocin supplementation in the extender on the quality of chilled canine semen. Animal reproduction science. 2023 Dec; 259(?):107374. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107374. [PMID: 37984312]
  • Wei Chen, Jinhao Su, Yubin Liu, Tianmei Gao, Xiaohui Ji, Hanzhou Li, Huajun Li, Yuansong Wang, Hui Zhang, Shuquan Lv. Crocin Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy through Regulating Metabolism, CYP4A11/PPARγ, and TGF-β/Smad Pathways in Mice. Current drug metabolism. 2023 Nov; ?(?):. doi: 10.2174/0113892002257928231031113337. [PMID: 37936469]
  • Yuxin Gan, Chenyu Wang, Chenfeng Xu, Pingping Zhang, Shutong Chen, Lei Tang, Junbing Zhang, Huahao Zhang, Shenhua Jiang. Simultaneous extraction of crocin and geniposide from gardenia fruits (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) by probe-type ultrasound-assisted natural deep eutectic solvents and their inhibition effects on low density lipoprotein oxidation. Ultrasonics sonochemistry. 2023 Oct; 101(?):106658. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106658. [PMID: 37913593]
  • Fatemeh Taghizadeh, Fatemeh Mehryab, Seyed Alireza Mortazavi, Shahram Rabbani, Azadeh Haeri. Thiolated chitosan hydrogel-embedded niosomes: A promising crocin delivery system toward the management of aphthous stomatitis. Carbohydrate polymers. 2023 Oct; 318(?):121068. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121068. [PMID: 37479428]
  • Ying Wang, Siqi Li, Ze Zhou, Lifen Sun, Jing Sun, Chuanpu Shen, Ranran Gao, Jingyuan Song, Xiangdong Pu. The Functional Characteristics and Soluble Expression of Saffron CsCCD2. International journal of molecular sciences. 2023 Oct; 24(20):. doi: 10.3390/ijms242015090. [PMID: 37894770]
  • Pedro de Padua G Amatto, Lucas Chaves, Giovana Graça Braga, Fábio Carmona, Ana Maria Soares Pereira. Effect of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) and crocin in the treatment of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2023 Sep; 319(Pt 2):117255. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117255. [PMID: 37778521]
  • Lei Xie, Zuliang Luo, Xunli Jia, Changming Mo, Xiyang Huang, Yaran Suo, Shengrong Cui, Yimei Zang, Jingjing Liao, Xiaojun Ma. Synthesis of Crocin I and Crocin II by Multigene Stacking in Nicotiana benthamiana. International journal of molecular sciences. 2023 Sep; 24(18):. doi: 10.3390/ijms241814139. [PMID: 37762441]
  • Xuan Zhang, Xiangyi Su, Xiaoyue Yu, Xinyue Zhang, Xuelin Guo, Guige Hou, Chunhua Wang, Hongjuan Li. Preparative separation of iridoid glucosides and crocins from Gardeniae Fructus using sequential macroporous resin column chromatography and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2023 Sep; 1229(?):123887. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123887. [PMID: 37714051]
  • Jennifer K Frediani, Asim A Lal, Esther Kim, Sharon L Leslie, David W Boorman, Vinita Singh. The role of diet and non-pharmacologic supplements in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain: A systematic review. Pain practice : the official journal of World Institute of Pain. 2023 Aug; ?(?):. doi: 10.1111/papr.13291. [PMID: 37654090]
  • Namita Muduli, Sai Aparna, Manorama Patri, Khirod Kumar Sahoo. Saffron stigma extract and crocin play an important neuroprotective role in therapeutic measures against benzo[a]pyrene-induced behavioral alterations in zebrafish. Drug and chemical toxicology. 2023 Aug; ?(?):1-12. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2250576. [PMID: 37649374]
  • Fatemeh Anaeigoudari, Akbar Anaeigoudari, Aliasghar Kheirkhah-Vakilabad. A review of therapeutic impacts of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its constituents. Physiological reports. 2023 08; 11(15):e15785. doi: 10.14814/phy2.15785. [PMID: 37537722]
  • Lijiao Wen, Chen Fan, Xi Zhao, Xueli Cao. Rapid extraction of bioactive compounds from gardenia fruit using new and recyclable deep eutectic solvents. Journal of separation science. 2023 Jul; ?(?):e2300163. doi: 10.1002/jssc.202300163. [PMID: 37496306]
  • M Demir, E Altinoz, O Koca, H Elbe, M O Onal, Y Bicer, M Karayakali. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of crocin on the doxorubicin mediated hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Tissue & cell. 2023 Jul; 84(?):102182. doi: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102182. [PMID: 37523948]
  • Xinyu Xu, Bihua Chen, Juan Zhang, Siren Lan, Shasha Wu, Weiwei Xie. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed the changes of Geniposide and Crocin content in Gardenia jasminoides fruit. Molecular biology reports. 2023 Jul; ?(?):. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08613-z. [PMID: 37392282]
  • Mohd Junaid Wani, Khushtar Anwar Salman, Shagufta Moin, Amin Arif. Effect of crocin on glycated human low-density lipoprotein: A protective and mechanistic approach. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy. 2023 Feb; 286(?):121958. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121958. [PMID: 36244155]
  • Jiemiao Lu, Jie Wang, Jiahao Zhang, Yichun Zhu, Lupin Qin, Bo Zhu. Diversity of Culturable Endophytic Fungi in Crocus sativus and Their Correlation with Crocin Content. Current microbiology. 2023 Jan; 80(2):73. doi: 10.1007/s00284-023-03177-4. [PMID: 36622432]
  • Hongyan Liu, Hong Cheng, Hongyun Wang, Qiong Wang, Jun Yuan. Crocin improves the renal autophagy in rat experimental membranous nephropathy via regulating the SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Renal failure. 2023; 45(2):2253924. doi: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2253924. [PMID: 37724538]
  • Xingxun Bao, Jinhua Hu, Yan Zhao, Ruixue Jia, Hairong Zhang, Lei Xia. Advances on the anti-tumor mechanisms of the carotenoid Crocin. PeerJ. 2023; 11(?):e15535. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15535. [PMID: 37404473]
  • Fatemeh Ghafari, Zohre Sadeghian, Akram Oftadeh Harsin, Sodabe Khodabandelo, Akram Ranjbar. Anti-oxidative properties of nanocrocin in Zearalenone induced toxicity on Hek293 cell; The novel formulation and cellular assessment. Human & experimental toxicology. 2023 Jan; 42(?):9603271231169911. doi: 10.1177/09603271231169911. [PMID: 37072122]
  • Laleh Pourmousavi, Rasoul Hashemkandi Asadi, Farzad Zehsaz, Roghayeh Pouzesh Jadidi. Effect of crocin and treadmill exercise on oxidative stress and heart damage in diabetic rats. PloS one. 2023; 18(12):e0281692. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281692. [PMID: 38113243]
  • Xinyu Xu, Bihua Chen, Juan Zhang, Siren Lan, Shasha Wu. Whole-genome resequencing analysis of the medicinal plant Gardenia jasminoides. PeerJ. 2023; 11(?):e16056. doi: 10.7717/peerj.16056. [PMID: 37744244]
  • Michele Spinelli, Alessandra Biancolillo, Gennaro Battaglia, Martina Foschi, Angela Amoresano, Maria Anna Maggi. Saffron Characterization by a Multidisciplinary Approach. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2022 Dec; 28(1):. doi: 10.3390/molecules28010042. [PMID: 36615243]
  • Jun Gao, Feng Zhao, Shaona Yi, Shuhang Li, Aiqing Zhu, Yingxiu Tang, Aiqun Li. Protective role of crocin against sepsis-induced injury in the liver, kidney and lungs via inhibition of p38 MAPK/NF-κB and Bax/Bcl-2 signalling pathways. Pharmaceutical biology. 2022 Dec; 60(1):543-552. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2042328. [PMID: 35225146]
  • Xiongjie Zheng, Jianing Mi, Aparna Balakrishna, Kit Xi Liew, Abdugaffor Ablazov, Rachid Sougrat, Salim Al-Babili. Gardenia carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4a is an efficient tool for biotechnological production of crocins in green and non-green plant tissues. Plant biotechnology journal. 2022 11; 20(11):2202-2216. doi: 10.1111/pbi.13901. [PMID: 35997958]
  • Benjamin Moras, Camille Pouchieu, David Gaudout, Stéphane Rey, Anthony Anchisi, Xavier Saupin, Patrick Jame. Authentication of Iranian Saffron (Crocus sativus) Using Stable Isotopes δ13C and δ2H and Metabolites Quantification. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2022 Oct; 27(20):. doi: 10.3390/molecules27206801. [PMID: 36296396]
  • Qichao Yin, Hua Xiong. Chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity was improved by crocin in mouse model. European journal of histochemistry : EJH. 2022 Oct; 66(4):. doi: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3541. [PMID: 36190398]
  • Eman M Khalaf, Hanan M Hassan, Ahmed M El-Baz, Ahmed Shata, Ahmed E Khodir, Mahmoud E Yousef, Rehab Mohamed Elgharabawy, Nehal A Nouh, Safaa Saleh, Mashael M Bin-Meferij, Attalla F El-Kott, Mohamed M A El-Sokkary, Hanan Eissa. A novel therapeutic combination of dapagliflozin, Lactobacillus and crocin attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats: Role of oxidative stress, gut microbiota, and PPARγ activation. European journal of pharmacology. 2022 Sep; 931(?):175172. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175172. [PMID: 35944619]
  • Sepideh Bastani, Vahid Vahedian, Mohsen Rashidi, Amirabbas Mir, Sepideh Mirzaei, Iraj Alipourfard, Farhad Pouremamali, Hamidreza Nejabati, Jamileh Kadkhoda, Nazila Fathi Maroufi, Maryam Akbarzadeh. An evaluation on potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Crocin. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2022 Sep; 153(?):113297. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113297. [PMID: 35738178]
  • Fatemeh Jafari, Seyed Ahmad Emami, Behjat Javadi, Zahra Salmasi, Mona Tayarani-Najjaran, Zahra Tayarani-Najaran. Inhibitory effect of saffron, crocin, crocetin, and safranal against adipocyte differentiation in human adipose-derived stem cells. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2022 Aug; 294(?):115340. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115340. [PMID: 35551973]
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