Alkannin (BioDeep_00000229890)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000002647

PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Antitumor activity Volatile Flavor Compounds natural product


代谢物信息卡片


5,8-dihydroxy-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl]-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione

化学式: C16H16O5 (288.0997686)
中文名称: 左旋紫草素, 紫草素, 莽草素, 阿卡宁
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Macaca mulatta(otcml) 1.26%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC(=CCC(C1=CC(=O)C2=C(C=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)O)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C16H16O5/c1-8(2)3-4-10(17)9-7-13(20)14-11(18)5-6-12(19)15(14)16(9)21/h3,5-7,10,17-19H,4H2,1-2H3

描述信息

Alkannin is a hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone.
Alkannin is a natural product found in Arnebia hispidissima, Alkanna cappadocica, and other organisms with data available.
D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics
D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents
D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents
(-)-Alkannin, found in Alkanna tinctoria, is used as a food coloring. (-)-Alkannin shows anticancer activity, arrests cell cycle, and induces apoptosis. (-)-Alkannin improves hepatic inflammation in a Rho-kinase pathway[1][2][3].
(-)-Alkannin, found in Alkanna tinctoria, is used as a food coloring. (-)-Alkannin shows anticancer activity, arrests cell cycle, and induces apoptosis. (-)-Alkannin improves hepatic inflammation in a Rho-kinase pathway[1][2][3].
(-)-Alkannin, found in Alkanna tinctoria, is used as a food coloring. (-)-Alkannin shows anticancer activity, arrests cell cycle, and induces apoptosis. (-)-Alkannin improves hepatic inflammation in a Rho-kinase pathway[1][2][3].
(-)-Alkannin, found in Alkanna tinctoria, is used as a food coloring. (-)-Alkannin shows anticancer activity, arrests cell cycle, and induces apoptosis. (-)-Alkannin improves hepatic inflammation in a Rho-kinase pathway[1][2][3].

同义名列表

41 个代谢物同义名

5,8-dihydroxy-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl]-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione; 1,4-Naphthalenedione, 5,8-dihydroxy-6-(1-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (S)-; 5,8-DIHYDROXY-2-((1S)-1-HYDROXY-4-METHYLPENT-3-EN-1-YL)NAPHTHALENE-1,4-DIONE; 1,4-Naphthalenedione, 5,8-dihydroxy-2-(1-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (S)-; 1,4-Naphthalenedione, 5,8-dihydroxy-6-(1-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-, (-)-; (S)-5,8-Dihydroxy-2-(1-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)naphthalene-1,4-dione; 5,8-Dihydroxy-6-(1-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-1,4-naphthalenedione, (S)-; 1,4-NAPHTHOQUINONE, 5,8-DIHYDROXY-6-(1-HYDROXY-4-METHYL-3-PENTENYL)-, (-)-; 5,8-dihydroxy-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-4-methyl-pent-3-enyl]naphthalene-1,4-dione; 5,8-dihydroxy-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-enyl]naphthalene-1,4-dione; (-)-5,8-Dihydroxy-6-(1-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-1,4-naphthalenedione; (S)-5,8-dihydroxy-2-(1-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-enyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione; (-)-5,8-dihydroxy-2-(1-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone; (-)-5,8-Dihydroxy-6-(1-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone; (S)-5,8-Dihydroxy-2-(1-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-enyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone; 3-08-00-04089 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); (-)-(1-Hydroxy-3-isohexenyl)naphthazarine; Alkannin, analytical standard; Cerven prirodni 20 [Czech]; C.I. Natural Red 20 (VAN); Cerven prirodni 20; Anchusa acid (VAN); Alkanna red (VAN); Alkannin (VAN); Anchusaic acid; Anchusin (VAN); ALKANNIN [MI]; Anchusa acid; (-)-Alkannin; ALKANNIN(RG); Alkanna Red; Arnebin IV; SHIKALKIN; Alkannin; Anchusin; 5,8-dihydroxy-2-(1-hydroxy-4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione; Alkanet extract (van); C.I. Natural Red 20; C.I. 75530; Shikonin; Alkannin



数据库引用编号

27 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

33 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Wensheng Xie, Ying Li, Zhenhu Guo, Jingsong Lu, Guofeng Li, Ziyao Zhang, Fangming Zhang, Yen Wei, Xing Wang, Lingyun Zhao. FePd Nanozyme- and SKN-Encapsulated Functional Lipid Nanoparticles for Cancer Nanotherapy via ROS-Boosting Necroptosis. ACS applied materials & interfaces. 2024 Apr; 16(15):18411-18421. doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c18497. [PMID: 38584383]
  • Zhuo Chen, Feng-Feng Wu, Jing Li, Jia-Bao Dong, Hong-Yi He, Xiong-Feng Li, Qian Lu, Wen-Xuan Zhang, Chang-Ming Shao, Zhao-Nong Yao, Nong Lin, Zhao-Ming Ye, Jun-Tao Xu, Heng-Yuan Li. Investigating the synergy of Shikonin and Valproic acid in inducing apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells via ROS-mediated EGR1 expression. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2024 Apr; 126(?):155459. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155459. [PMID: 38417243]
  • Hongwei Han, Minkai Yang, Zhongling Wen, Xuan Wang, Xiaohui Lai, Yahan Zhang, Rongjun Fang, Tongming Yin, Xiaorong Yang, Xiaoming Wang, Quan Zhao, Jinliang Qi, Hongyuan Chen, Hongyan Lin, Yonghua Yang. A modified natural small molecule inhibits triple-negative breast cancer growth by interacting with Tubb3. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2024 Apr; 126(?):154894. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154894. [PMID: 38377719]
  • Chuanbo Ding, Jiali Yang, Ning Wang, Qiteng Ding, Shuwen Sun, Yang Gao, Liqian Shen, Ting Zhao, Yue Wang. Sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers loaded with Shikonin for diabetic wound healing: In vivo and in vitro evaluation. International journal of biological macromolecules. 2024 Mar; 262(Pt 1):129937. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129937. [PMID: 38325683]
  • Yanyan Zhao, Nebojša Rodić, Marios Liaskos, Andreana N Assimopoulou, Ismahen Lalaymia, Stéphane Declerck. Effects of fungal endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of Echium vulgare and alkannin/shikonin and their derivatives production in roots. Fungal biology. 2024 02; 128(1):1607-1615. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.12.004. [PMID: 38341266]
  • Ryota Nomura, Yuto Suehiro, Fumikazu Tojo, Saaya Matayoshi, Rena Okawa, Masakazu Hamada, Shuhei Naka, Michiyo Matsumoto-Nakano, Rika Unesaki, Kazuya Koumoto, Keiko Kawauchi, Takahito Nishikata, Tatsuya Akitomo, Chieko Mitsuhata, Masatoshi Yagi, Toshiro Mizoguchi, Koki Fujikawa, Taizo Taniguchi, Kazuhiko Nakano. Inhibitory Effects of Shikonin Dispersion, an Extract of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Encapsulated in β-1,3-1,6 Glucan, on Streptococcus mutans and Non-Mutans Streptococci. International journal of molecular sciences. 2024 Jan; 25(2):. doi: 10.3390/ijms25021075. [PMID: 38256148]
  • Yujia Zhao, Dan Wu, Zhenkai Fu, Wenna Liu, Yu Yao, Ying Liang. Shikonin reactivates TSGs GADD45B and PPP3CC to block NSCLC cell proliferation and migration through JNK/P38/MAPK signaling pathways. BMC complementary medicine and therapies. 2024 Jan; 24(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-04306-z. [PMID: 38167059]
  • Xin-Yi Ai, Xue-Feng Hou, Nian-Ping Feng. [Combination of shikonin and gefitinib reverses drug resistance in human non-small cell lung cancer and its mechanism]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2024 Jan; 49(1):175-184. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20230810.401. [PMID: 38403350]
  • Haruka Oshikiri, Hao Li, Misaki Manabe, Hirobumi Yamamoto, Kazufumi Yazaki, Kojiro Takanashi. Comparative Analysis of Shikonin and Alkannin Acyltransferases Reveals Their Functional Conservation in Boraginaceae. Plant & cell physiology. 2023 Dec; ?(?):. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcad158. [PMID: 38181221]
  • Yanping Song, Qiteng Ding, Yuewen Hao, Bing Cui, Chuanbo Ding, Feng Gao. Pharmacological Effects of Shikonin and Its Potential in Skin Repair: A Review. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2023 Dec; 28(24):. doi: 10.3390/molecules28247950. [PMID: 38138440]
  • Manami Inoue, Yuki Nakagawa, Miku Azuma, Haruka Akahane, Ryusei Chimori, Yasunari Mano, Ryoko Takasawa. The PKM2 inhibitor shikonin enhances piceatannol-induced apoptosis of glyoxalase I-dependent cancer cells. Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms. 2023 Nov; ?(?):. doi: 10.1111/gtc.13084. [PMID: 37963646]
  • Yan Yue, Yuqing Fang, Ruoyang Jia, Keang Cao, Xue Chen, Hongmei Xia, Zhiqing Cheng. Study on the Antioxidant Effect of Shikonin-Loaded β-Cyclodextrin Forming Host-Guest Complexes That Prevent Skin from Photoaging. International journal of molecular sciences. 2023 Oct; 24(20):. doi: 10.3390/ijms242015177. [PMID: 37894857]
  • Yan Liu, Yue Wang, Jingchun Kong, Xianguo Jiang, Yijia Han, Luozhu Feng, Yao Sun, Lijiang Chen, Tieli Zhou. An effective antimicrobial strategy of colistin combined with the Chinese herbal medicine shikonin against colistin-resistant Escherichia coli. Microbiology spectrum. 2023 Oct; ?(?):e0145923. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01459-23. [PMID: 37800902]
  • Kirandeep Kaur, Atamjit Singh, Aditi Monga, Pallvi Mohana, Neha Khosla, Neena Bedi. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of shikonin with tea tree oil nanoemulsion against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Biofouling. 2023 Oct; 39(9-10):962-979. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2281511. [PMID: 38009008]
  • Chang Liu, Hailong Zhang, Xiaoqian Cui, Shanshan Wang, Quanyu Zhou. The effects of Shikonin on the hypertrophic scar of rabbit ears via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France). 2023 Sep; 69(9):161-166. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.9.24. [PMID: 37807317]
  • Megan Watson, Timoteea Saitis, Rahim Shareef, Christine Harb, Muhaib Lakhani, Zulfiqar Ahmad. Shikonin and Alkannin inhibit ATP synthase and impede the cell growth in Escherichia coli. International journal of biological macromolecules. 2023 Sep; 253(Pt 4):127049. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127049. [PMID: 37758110]
  • Chunguang Sun, Lin Liao. Research Progress of the Molecular Mechanism of Antithyroid Cancer Activity of Shikonin. Current molecular pharmacology. 2023 Sep; ?(?):. doi: 10.2174/1874467217666230904104414. [PMID: 37670707]
  • Ryosuke Maeoka, Yukiteru Ouji, Tsutomu Nakazawa, Ryosuke Matsuda, Takayuki Morimoto, Shohei Yokoyama, Shuichi Yamada, Fumihiko Nishimura, Ichiro Nakagawa, Young-Soo Park, Masahide Yoshikawa, Hiroyuki Nakase. Local administration of shikonin improved the overall survival in orthotopic murine glioblastoma models with temozolomide resistance. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2023 Aug; 166(?):115296. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115296. [PMID: 37557011]
  • Yudi Ma, Xiaohui Lai, Zhongling Wen, Ziling Zhou, Minkai Yang, Qingqing Chen, Xuan Wang, Feng Mei, Liu Yang, Tongming Yin, Shucun Sun, Guihua Lu, Jinliang Qi, Hongyan Lin, Hongwei Han, Yonghua Yang. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel modified dual-target shikonin derivatives for colorectal cancer treatment. Bioorganic chemistry. 2023 Jun; 139(?):106703. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106703. [PMID: 37399615]
  • Feng Zhu, Zhengyi Song, Shuang Zhang, Xueqin Zhang, Dan Zhu. The Renoprotective Effect of Shikonin in a Rat Model of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Transplantation proceedings. 2023 Jun; ?(?):. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.04.039. [PMID: 37391330]
  • Lijia Yuan, Yong Wang, Youlian Chen, Xiaoyin Chen, Shun Li, Xueyan Liu. Shikonin inhibits immune checkpoint PD-L1 expression on macrophage in sepsis by modulating PKM2. International immunopharmacology. 2023 Jun; 121(?):110401. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110401. [PMID: 37302371]
  • Xinyu Qian, Lin Zhu, Mengzhen Xu, Haoli Liu, Xinyan Yu, Qiuyue Shao, Jing Qin. Shikonin suppresses small cell lung cancer growth via inducing ATF3-mediated ferroptosis to promote ROS accumulation. Chemico-biological interactions. 2023 May; ?(?):110588. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110588. [PMID: 37268198]
  • Toru Hosoi, Kyosuke Yazawa, Michihiro Imada, Akari Tawara, Chihiro Tohda, Yasuyuki Nomura, Koichiro Ozawa. Alkannin Attenuates Amyloid β Aggregation and Alzheimer's Disease Pathology. Molecular pharmacology. 2023 05; 103(5):266-273. doi: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000468. [PMID: 36868792]
  • Hongyan Lin, Hongwei Han, Minkai Yang, Zhongling Wen, Qingqing Chen, Yudi Ma, Xuan Wang, Changyi Wang, Tongming Yin, Xiaoming Wang, Guihua Lu, Hongyuan Chen, Jinliang Qi, Yonghua Yang. PKM2/PDK1 dual-targeted shikonin derivatives restore the sensitivity of EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells to gefitinib by remodeling glucose metabolism. European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2023 Mar; 249(?):115166. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115166. [PMID: 36731272]
  • Ke-Shen Qu, Yi Ru, Dan Yang, Le Kuai, Ying Luo, Ping-An Zhang, Meng Xing, Hua-Fa Que. Fu-Huang ointment ameliorates impaired wound healing associated with diabetes through PI3K-AKT signalling pathway activation. Computers in biology and medicine. 2023 03; 155(?):106660. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106660. [PMID: 36809697]
  • Sheng Wang, Linyuan Shi, Ruishan Wang, Changzheng Liu, Jinye Wang, Ye Shen, Kanade Tatsumi, Nicolas Navrot, Tan Liu, Lanping Guo. Characterization of Arnebia euchroma PGT homologs involved in the biosynthesis of shikonin. Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB. 2023 Feb; 196(?):587-595. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.012. [PMID: 36780721]
  • Maowei Ni, Jie Zhou, Zhihui Zhu, Qiang Xu, Zhuomin Yin, Yifan Wang, Zhiguo Zheng, Huajun Zhao. Shikonin and cisplatin synergistically overcome cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer by inducing ferroptosis via upregulation of HMOX1 to promote Fe2+ accumulation. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2023 Feb; 112(?):154701. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154701. [PMID: 36773431]
  • Xin Zhao, Lei Wang, Meng-Yu Xia, Zai-Chang Yang. Antimycobacterial Compound of Cynoglossum lanceolatum Forsk.: Bioassay Guided Isolation, Molecular Docking, Synthesis of Analogs, and a Plausible Mechanism of Action. Chemistry & biodiversity. 2023 Feb; 20(2):e202200965. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202200965. [PMID: 36567254]
  • Jie He, Youfa Xie, Junzhen Zhong, Wenrong Chen, Suqiong Fang, Xing Chen, Shengfeng Peng, Wei Liu, Chengmei Liu. Improving shikonin solubility and stability by encapsulation in natural surfactant-coated shikonin nanoparticles. Journal of food science. 2023 Feb; 88(2):825-836. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.16445. [PMID: 36625167]
  • Fatemeh Ghazagh, Mohammad B Bagherieh-Najjar, Tahereh Nezamdoost. Unraveling the interaction of copper, cadmium, calcium, and nitrate on phenolics, flavonoids, and shikonin contents of Onosma dichroantha calli by statistical modeling. Environmental science and pollution research international. 2023 Jan; ?(?):. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-25187-2. [PMID: 36662436]
  • Kanade Tatsumi, Takuji Ichino, Natsumi Isaka, Akifumi Sugiyama, Eiko Moriyoshi, Yozo Okazaki, Yasuhiro Higashi, Masataka Kajikawa, Yoshinori Tsuji, Hideya Fukuzawa, Kiminori Toyooka, Mayuko Sato, Ikuyo Ichi, Koichiro Shimomura, Hiroyuki Ohta, Kazuki Saito, Kazufumi Yazaki. Excretion of triacylglycerol as a matrix lipid facilitating apoplastic accumulation of a lipophilic metabolite shikonin. Journal of experimental botany. 2023 01; 74(1):104-117. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erac405. [PMID: 36223279]
  • Chunmei Yan, Qiuxia Li, Qiang Sun, Lu Yang, Xing Liu, Yuxin Zhao, Mingyi Shi, Xiaofang Li, Kaipei Luo. Promising Nanomedicines of Shikonin for Cancer Therapy. International journal of nanomedicine. 2023; 18(?):1195-1218. doi: 10.2147/ijn.s401570. [PMID: 36926681]
  • Abdulhakeem Olarewaju Sulyman, Oluwapelumi Oluwaseun Aje, Emmanuel Oladipo Ajani, Rukayat Abiola Abdulsalam, Fatai Oladunni Balogun, Saheed Sabiu. Bioprospection of Selected Plant Secondary Metabolites as Modulators of the Proteolytic Activity of Plasmodium falciparum Plasmepsin V. BioMed research international. 2023; 2023(?):6229503. doi: 10.1155/2023/6229503. [PMID: 37388365]
  • H E Lianhua, Luan Huijie, Qin Qingxia, H E Juan, Chen Jian, H U Yiping, Cai Yueming, Sun Desheng, Shi Yu, Wang Qingwen. Shikonin alleviates collagen-induced arthritis mice by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization. Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan. 2022 12; 42(6):932-939. doi: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20220815.004. [PMID: 36378051]
  • Qingqing Chen, Hongwei Han, Faxiang Lin, Liangjie Yang, Lu Feng, Xiaohui Lai, Zhongling Wen, Minkai Yang, Changyi Wang, Yudi Ma, Tongming Yin, Guihua Lu, Hongyan Lin, Jinliang Qi, Yonghua Yang. Novel shikonin derivatives suppress cell proliferation, migration and induce apoptosis in human triple-negative breast cancer cells via regulating PDK1/PDHC axis. Life sciences. 2022 Dec; 310(?):121077. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121077. [PMID: 36244412]
  • Juewen Feng, Yanbing Wang, Yingni Lv, Siqi Fang, Mengjiao Ren, Min Yao, Minbo Lan, Yuzheng Zhao, Feng Gao. XA pH-Responsive and Colitis-Targeted Nanoparticle Loaded with Shikonin for the Oral Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice. Molecular pharmaceutics. 2022 11; 19(11):4157-4170. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00550. [PMID: 36106774]
  • Cintia Csorba, Nebojša Rodić, Yanyan Zhao, Livio Antonielli, Günter Brader, Angeliki Vlachou, Evangelia Tsiokanos, Ismahen Lalaymia, Stéphane Declerck, Vassilios P Papageorgiou, Andreana N Assimopoulou, Angela Sessitsch. Metabolite Production in Alkanna tinctoria Links Plant Development with the Recruitment of Individual Members of Microbiome Thriving at the Root-Soil Interface. mSystems. 2022 10; 7(5):e0045122. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00451-22. [PMID: 36069453]
  • Muhammad Ahmad, Alicia Varela Alonso, Antigoni E Koletti, Nebojša Rodić, Michael Reichelt, Philipp Rödel, Andreana N Assimopoulou, Ovidiu Paun, Stéphane Declerck, Carolin Schneider, Eva M Molin. Dynamics of alkannin/shikonin biosynthesis in response to jasmonate and salicylic acid in Lithospermum officinale. Scientific reports. 2022 10; 12(1):17093. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-21322-0. [PMID: 36224205]
  • Hongyan Lin, Xiaopeng Ma, Xiaorong Yang, Qingqing Chen, Zhongling Wen, Minkai Yang, Jiangyan Fu, Tongming Yin, Guihua Lu, Jinliang Qi, Hongwei Han, Yonghua Yang. Natural shikonin and acetyl-shikonin improve intestinal microbial and protein composition to alleviate colitis-associated colorectal cancer. International immunopharmacology. 2022 Oct; 111(?):109097. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109097. [PMID: 35952517]
  • Wenjie Feng, Wanrui Shi, Ze Wang, Yanqi Cui, Xinxin Shao, Shuwei Liu, Li Rong, Yi Liu, Hao Zhang. Enhancing Tumor Therapy of Fe(III)-Shikonin Supramolecular Nanomedicine via Triple Ferroptosis Amplification. ACS applied materials & interfaces. 2022 Aug; 14(33):37540-37552. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c11130. [PMID: 35944147]
  • Yanqin Peng, Yuan Li, Hao Li, Junhua Yu. Shikonin attenuates kidney tubular epithelial cells apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4/PTEN pathway in acute kidney injury of sepsis model. Drug development research. 2022 08; 83(5):1111-1124. doi: 10.1002/ddr.21936. [PMID: 35417044]
  • Anquan Wang, Sheng Fang, Lin Zhong, Ming Lu, Hongxiang Zhou, Wei Huang, Lei Li, Weilu Gao, Zongsheng Yin. Shikonin, a promising therapeutic drug for osteoarthritis that acts via autophagy activation. International immunopharmacology. 2022 May; 106(?):108563. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108563. [PMID: 35176588]
  • Yitian Dai, Yuping Liu, Jingyi Li, Mingming Jin, Hao Yang, Gang Huang. Shikonin inhibited glycolysis and sensitized cisplatin treatment in non-small cell lung cancer cells via the exosomal pyruvate kinase M2 pathway. Bioengineered. 2022 05; 13(5):13906-13918. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2086378. [PMID: 35706397]
  • Wenjing Ji, Xiaoyan Sun, Yang Gao, Man Lu, Lingxia Zhu, Dawei Wang, Chunping Hu, Jiao Chen, Peng Cao. Natural Compound Shikonin Is a Novel PAK1 Inhibitor and Enhances Efficacy of Chemotherapy against Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2022 Apr; 27(9):. doi: 10.3390/molecules27092747. [PMID: 35566098]
  • Tingjun Tao, Yan Chen, Bochen Lai, Jinhua Wang, Weiliang Wang, Weimian Xiao, Xushan Cha. Shikonin combined with methotrexate regulate macrophage polarization to treat psoriasis. Bioengineered. 2022 04; 13(4):11146-11155. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2062090. [PMID: 35485255]
  • Ji Li, Ming Zhao, Wendi Liang, Siwen Wu, Zheran Wang, Dongkai Wang. Codelivery of Shikonin and siTGF-β for enhanced triple negative breast cancer chemo-immunotherapy. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society. 2022 02; 342(?):308-320. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.015. [PMID: 35031387]
  • Min Yao, Gan Li, Long-Yun Zhou, Zhong Zheng, Yue-Li Sun, Shu-Fen Liu, Yong-Jun Wang, Xue-Jun Cui. Shikonin inhibits neuronal apoptosis via regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in the rat model of double-level chronic cervical cord compression. Cell biology and toxicology. 2022 Jan; ?(?):. doi: 10.1007/s10565-021-09648-3. [PMID: 35028790]
  • Yuling Lai, Fuling Zeng, Zhenyue Chen, Min Feng, Yanxi Huang, Pin Qiu, Lihua Zeng, Yan Ke, Gaopi Deng, Jie Gao. Shikonin Could Be Used to Treat Tubal Pregnancy via Enhancing Ferroptosis Sensitivity. Drug design, development and therapy. 2022; 16(?):2083-2099. doi: 10.2147/dddt.s364441. [PMID: 35800255]
  • Qiang Sun, Ting Gong, Maolun Liu, Shan Ren, Han Yang, Sha Zeng, Hui Zhao, Li Chen, Tianqi Ming, Xianli Meng, Haibo Xu. Shikonin, a naphthalene ingredient: Therapeutic actions, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, clinical trials and pharmaceutical researches. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2022 Jan; 94(?):153805. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153805. [PMID: 34749177]
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