NCBI Taxonomy: 7720
Stolidobranchia (ncbi_taxid: 7720)
found 260 associated metabolites at order taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Ascidiacea
Child Taxonomies: Pyuridae, Styelidae, Molgulidae, Hexacrobylidae, unclassified Stolidobranchia
Fucoxanthin
Fucoxanthin is an epoxycarotenol that is found in brown seaweed and which exhibits anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective properties. It has a role as an algal metabolite, a CFTR potentiator, a food antioxidant, a neuroprotective agent, a hypoglycemic agent, an apoptosis inhibitor, a hepatoprotective agent, a marine metabolite and a plant metabolite. It is an epoxycarotenol, an acetate ester, a secondary alcohol, a tertiary alcohol and a member of allenes. Fucoxanthin is a natural product found in Aequipecten opercularis, Ascidia zara, and other organisms with data available. Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid, with formula C40H60O6. It is found as an accessory pigment in the chloroplasts of brown algae and most other heterokonts, giving them a brown or olive-green color. Fucoxanthin absorbs light primarily in the blue-green to yellow-green part of the visible spectrum, peaking at around 510-525 nm by various estimates and absorbing significantly in the range of 450 to 540 nm. -- Wikipedia [HMDB] Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid, with formula C40H60O6. It is found as an accessory pigment in the chloroplasts of brown algae and most other heterokonts, giving them a brown or olive-green color. Fucoxanthin absorbs light primarily in the blue-green to yellow-green part of the visible spectrum, peaking at around 510-525 nm by various estimates and absorbing significantly in the range of 450 to 540 nm. -- Wikipedia. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Fucoxanthin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=3351-86-8 (retrieved 2024-11-06) (CAS RN: 3351-86-8). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Ergosterol
Ergosterol is a phytosterol consisting of ergostane having double bonds at the 5,6-, 7,8- and 22,23-positions as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. It has a role as a fungal metabolite and a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol, an ergostanoid, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid and a member of phytosterols. A steroid of interest both because its biosynthesis in FUNGI is a target of ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS, notably AZOLES, and because when it is present in SKIN of animals, ULTRAVIOLET RAYS break a bond to result in ERGOCALCIFEROL. Ergosterol is a natural product found in Gladiolus italicus, Ramaria formosa, and other organisms with data available. ergosterol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A steroid occurring in FUNGI. Irradiation with ULTRAVIOLET RAYS results in formation of ERGOCALCIFEROL (vitamin D2). See also: Reishi (part of). Ergosterol, also known as provitamin D2, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ergosterols and derivatives. These are steroids containing ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol or a derivative thereof, which is based on the 3beta-hydroxylated ergostane skeleton. Thus, ergosterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. Ergosterol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Ergosterol is the biological precursor to vitamin D2. It is turned into viosterol by ultraviolet light, and is then converted into ergocalciferol, which is a form of vitamin D. Ergosterol is a component of fungal cell membranes, serving the same function that cholesterol serves in animal cells. Ergosterol is not found in mammalian cell membranes. A phytosterol consisting of ergostane having double bonds at the 5,6-, 7,8- and 22,23-positions as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. Ergosterol. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=57-87-4 (retrieved 2024-07-12) (CAS RN: 57-87-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Ergosterol is the primary sterol found in fungi, with antioxidative, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects. Ergosterol is the primary sterol found in fungi, with antioxidative, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects.
Campesterol
Campesterol is a phytosterol, meaning it is a steroid derived from plants. As a food additive, phytosterols have cholesterol-lowering properties (reducing cholesterol absorption in intestines), and may act in cancer prevention. Phytosterols naturally occur in small amount in vegetable oils, especially soybean oil. One such phytosterol complex, isolated from vegetable oil, is cholestatin, composed of campesterol, stigmasterol, and brassicasterol, and is marketed as a dietary supplement. Sterols can reduce cholesterol in human subjects by up to 15\\\\\%. The mechanism behind phytosterols and the lowering of cholesterol occurs as follows : the incorporation of cholesterol into micelles in the gastrointestinal tract is inhibited, decreasing the overall amount of cholesterol absorbed. This may in turn help to control body total cholesterol levels, as well as modify HDL, LDL and TAG levels. Many margarines, butters, breakfast cereals and spreads are now enriched with phytosterols and marketed towards people with high cholesterol and a wish to lower it. -- Wikipedia. Campesterol is a member of phytosterols, a 3beta-sterol, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid and a C28-steroid. It has a role as a mouse metabolite. It derives from a hydride of a campestane. Campesterol is a natural product found in Haplophyllum bucharicum, Bugula neritina, and other organisms with data available. Campesterol is a steroid derivative that is the simplest sterol, characterized by the hydroxyl group in position C-3 of the steroid skeleton, and saturated bonds throughout the sterol structure, with the exception of the 5-6 double bond in the B ring. Campesterol. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=474-62-4 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 474-62-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects. Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects.
beta-Carotene
Beta-carotene is a cyclic carotene obtained by dimerisation of all-trans-retinol. A strongly-coloured red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruit and the most active and important provitamin A carotenoid. It has a role as a biological pigment, a provitamin A, a plant metabolite, a human metabolite, a mouse metabolite, a cofactor, a ferroptosis inhibitor and an antioxidant. It is a cyclic carotene and a carotenoid beta-end derivative. Beta-carotene, with the molecular formula C40H56, belongs to the group of carotenoids consisting of isoprene units. The presence of long chains of conjugated double bonds donates beta-carotene with specific colors. It is the most abundant form of carotenoid and it is a precursor of the vitamin A. Beta-carotene is composed of two retinyl groups. It is an antioxidant that can be found in yellow, orange and green leafy vegetables and fruits. Under the FDA, beta-carotene is considered as a generally recognized as safe substance (GRAS). Beta-Carotene is a natural product found in Epicoccum nigrum, Lonicera japonica, and other organisms with data available. Beta-Carotene is a naturally-occurring retinol (vitamin A) precursor obtained from certain fruits and vegetables with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As an anti-oxidant, beta carotene inhibits free-radical damage to DNA. This agent also induces cell differentiation and apoptosis of some tumor cell types, particularly in early stages of tumorigenesis, and enhances immune system activity by stimulating the release of natural killer cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes. (NCI04) beta-Carotene is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC). See also: Lycopene (part of); Broccoli (part of); Lycium barbarum fruit (part of). Beta-Carotene belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carotenes. These are a type of polyunsaturated hydrocarbon molecules containing eight consecutive isoprene units. Carotenes are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Beta-carotene is therefore considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Beta-carotene is a strongly coloured red-orange pigment abundant in fungi, plants, and fruits. It is synthesized biochemically from eight isoprene units and therefore has 40 carbons. Among the carotenes, beta-carotene is distinguished by having beta-rings at both ends of the molecule. Beta-Carotene is biosynthesized from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. It is the most common form of carotene in plants. In nature, Beta-carotene is a precursor (inactive form) to vitamin A. Vitamin A is produed via the action of beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase on carotenes. In mammals, carotenoid absorption is restricted to the duodenum of the small intestine and dependent on a class B scavenger receptor (SR-B1) membrane protein, which is also responsible for the absorption of vitamin E. One molecule of beta-carotene can be cleaved by the intestinal enzyme Beta-Beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase into two molecules of vitamin A. Beta-Carotene contributes to the orange color of many different fruits and vegetables. Vietnamese gac and crude palm oil are particularly rich sources, as are yellow and orange fruits, such as cantaloupe, mangoes, pumpkin, and papayas, and orange root vegetables such as carrots and sweet potatoes. Excess beta-carotene is predominantly stored in the fat tissues of the body. The most common side effect of excessive beta-carotene consumption is carotenodermia, a physically harmless condition that presents as a conspicuous orange skin tint arising from deposition of the carotenoid in the outermost layer of the epidermis. Yellow food colour, dietary supplement, nutrient, Vitamin A precursor. Nutriceutical with antioxidation props. beta-Carotene is found in many foods, some of which are summer savory, gram bean, sunburst squash (pattypan squash), and other bread product. A cyclic carotene obtained by dimerisation of all-trans-retinol. A strongly-coloured red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruit and the most active and important provitamin A carotenoid. D - Dermatologicals > D02 - Emollients and protectives > D02B - Protectives against uv-radiation > D02BB - Protectives against uv-radiation for systemic use A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A11 - Vitamins > A11C - Vitamin a and d, incl. combinations of the two > A11CA - Vitamin a, plain D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins > D000072664 - Provitamins
Lutein
Lutein is a common carotenoid xanthophyll found in nature. Carotenoids are among the most common pigments in nature and are natural lipid-soluble antioxidants. Lutein is one of the two carotenoids (the other is zeaxanthin) that accumulate in the eye lens and macular region of the retina with concentrations in the macula greater than those found in plasma and other tissues. Lutein and zeaxanthin have identical chemical formulas and are isomers, but they are not stereoisomers. The main difference between them is in the location of a double bond in one of the end rings. This difference gives lutein three chiral centers whereas zeaxanthin has two. A relationship between macular pigment optical density, a marker of lutein and zeaxanthin concentration in the macula, and lens optical density, an antecedent of cataractous changes, has been suggested. The xanthophylls may act to protect the eye from ultraviolet phototoxicity via quenching reactive oxygen species and/or other mechanisms. Some observational studies have shown that generous intakes of lutein and zeaxanthin, particularly from certain xanthophyll-rich foods like spinach, broccoli, and eggs, are associated with a significant reduction in the risk for cataracts (up to 20\\\\\%) and age-related macular degeneration (up to 40\\\\\%). While the pathophysiology of cataract and age-related macular degeneration is complex and contains both environmental and genetic components, research studies suggest dietary factors including antioxidant vitamins and xanthophylls may contribute to a reduction in the risk of these degenerative eye diseases. Further research is necessary to confirm these observations (PMID: 11023002). Lutein is a carotenol. It has a role as a food colouring and a plant metabolite. It derives from a hydride of a (6R)-beta,epsilon-carotene. Lutein is an xanthophyll and one of 600 known naturally occurring carotenoids. Lutein is synthesized only by plants and like other xanthophylls is found in high quantities in green leafy vegetables such as spinach, kale and yellow carrots. In green plants, xanthophylls act to modulate light energy and serve as non-photochemical quenching agents to deal with triplet chlorophyll (an excited form of chlorophyll), which is overproduced at very high light levels, during photosynthesis. Lutein is a natural product found in Eupatorium cannabinum, Hibiscus syriacus, and other organisms with data available. Lutein is lutein (LOO-teen) is a oxygenated carotenoid found in vegetables and fruits. lutein is found in the macula of the eye, where it is believed to act as a yellow filter. Lutein acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells against the damaging effects of free radicals. A xanthophyll found in the major LIGHT-HARVESTING PROTEIN COMPLEXES of plants. Dietary lutein accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA. See also: Calendula Officinalis Flower (part of); Corn (part of); Chicken; lutein (component of) ... View More ... Pigment from egg yolk and leaves. Found in all higher plants. Nutriceutical with anticancer and antioxidation props. Potentially useful for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) of the eye Lutein A. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=127-40-2 (retrieved 2024-07-12) (CAS RN: 127-40-2). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Lutein (Xanthophyll) is a carotenoid with reported anti-inflammatory properties. A large body of evidence shows that lutein has several beneficial effects, especially on eye health[1]. Lutein exerts its biological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidase and anti-apoptosis, through effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS)[2][3]. Lutein is able to arrive in the brain and shows antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects. Lutein is orally active[4]. Lutein (Xanthophyll) is a carotenoid with reported anti-inflammatory properties. A large body of evidence shows that lutein has several beneficial effects, especially on eye health[1]. Lutein exerts its biological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidase and anti-apoptosis, through effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS)[2][3]. Lutein is able to arrive in the brain and shows antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects. Lutein is orally active[4].
Astaxanthin
Astaxanthin (pronounced as-tuh-zan-thin) is a carotenoid. It belongs to a larger class of phytochemicals known as terpenes. It is classified as a xanthophyll, which means "yellow leaves". Like many carotenoids, it is a colorful, lipid-soluble pigment. Astaxanthin is produced by microalgae, yeast, salmon, trout, krill, shrimp, crayfish, crustaceans, and the feathers of some birds. Professor Basil Weedon was the first to map the structure of astaxanthin.; Astaxanthin is the main carotenoid pigment found in aquatic animals. It is also found in some birds, such as flamingoes, quails, and other species. This carotenoid is included in many well-known seafoods such as salmon, trout, red seabream, shrimp, lobster, and fish eggs. Astaxanthin, similar to other carotenoids, cannot be synthesized by animals and must be provided in the diet. Mammals, including humans, lack the ability to synthesize astaxanthin or to convert dietary astaxanthin into vitamin A. Astaxanthin belongs to the xanthophyll class of carotenoids. It is closely related to beta-carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin, sharing with them many of the general metabolic and physiological functions attributed to carotenoids. In addition, astaxanthin has unique chemical properties based on its molecular structure. The presence of the hydroxyl (OH) and keto (CdO) moieties on each ionone ring explains some of its unique features, namely, the ability to be esterified and a higher antioxidant activity and a more polar nature than other carotenoids. In its free form, astaxanthin is considerably unstable and particularly susceptible to oxidation. Hence it is found in nature either conjugated with proteins (e.g., salmon muscle or lobster exoskeleton) or esterified with one or two fatty acids (monoester and diester forms), which stabilize the molecule. Various astaxanthin isomers have been characterized on the basis of the configuration of the two hydroxyl groups on the molecule. the geometrical and optical isomers of astaxanthin are distributed selectively in different tissues and that levels of free astaxanthin in the liver are greater than the corresponding concentration in the plasma, suggesting concentrative uptake by the liver. Astaxanthin, similar to other carotenoids, is a very lipophilic compound and has a low oral bioavailability. This criterion has limited the ability to test this compound in well-defined rodent models of human disease. (PMID: 16562856); Astaxanthin is a carotenoid widely used in salmonid and crustacean aquaculture to provide the pink color characteristic of that species. This application has been well documented for over two decades and is currently the major market driver for the pigment. Additionally, astaxanthin also plays a key role as an intermediary in reproductive processes. Synthetic astaxanthin dominates the world market but recent interest in natural sources of the pigment has increased substantially. Common sources of natural astaxanthin are the green algae Haematococcus pluvialis, the red yeast, Phaffia rhodozyma, as well as crustacean byproducts. Astaxanthin possesses an unusual antioxidant activity which has caused a surge in the nutraceutical market for the encapsulated productand is) also, health benefits such as cardiovascular disease prevention, immune system boosting, bioactivity against Helycobacter pylori, and cataract prevention, have been associated with astaxanthin consumption. Research on the health benefits of astaxanthin is very recent and has mostly been performed in vitro or at the pre-clinical level with humans. (PMID: 16431409); Astaxanthin, unlike some carotenoids, does not convert to Vitamin A (retinol) in the human body. Too much Vitamin A is toxic for a human, but astaxanthin is not. However, it is a powerful antioxidant; it is claimed to be 10 times more capable than other carotenoids. However, other sources suggest astaxanthin has slightly lower antioxidant activity than other carotenoids.; While astaxanthin is a natural nutr... Astaxanthin is the main carotenoid pigment found in aquatic animals. It is also found in some birds, such as flamingoes, quails, and other species. This carotenoid is included in many well-known seafoods such as salmon, trout, red seabream, shrimp, lobster, and fish eggs. Astaxanthin, similar to other carotenoids, cannot be synthesized by animals and must be provided in the diet. Mammals, including humans, lack the ability to synthesize astaxanthin or to convert dietary astaxanthin into vitamin A. Astaxanthin belongs to the xanthophyll class of carotenoids. It is closely related to beta-carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin, sharing with them many of the general metabolic and physiological functions attributed to carotenoids. In addition, astaxanthin has unique chemical properties based on its molecular structure. The presence of the hydroxyl (OH) and keto (CdO) moieties on each ionone ring explains some of its unique features, namely, the ability to be esterified and a higher antioxidant activity and a more polar nature than other carotenoids. In its free form, astaxanthin is considerably unstable and particularly susceptible to oxidation. Hence it is found in nature either conjugated with proteins (e.g. salmon muscle or lobster exoskeleton) or esterified with one or two fatty acids (monoester and diester forms) which stabilize the molecule. Various astaxanthin isomers have been characterized on the basis of the configuration of the two hydroxyl groups on the molecule. The geometrical and optical isomers of astaxanthin are distributed selectively in different tissues and levels of free astaxanthin in the liver are greater than the corresponding concentration in the plasma, suggesting concentrative uptake by the liver. Astaxanthin, similar to other carotenoids, is a very lipophilic compound and has a low oral bioavailability. This criterion has limited the ability to test this compound in well-defined rodent models of human disease (PMID: 16562856). Astaxanthin is a carotenoid widely used in salmonid and crustacean aquaculture to provide the pink colour characteristic of that species. This application has been well documented for over two decades and is currently the major market driver for the pigment. Additionally, astaxanthin also plays a key role as an intermediary in reproductive processes. Synthetic astaxanthin dominates the world market but recent interest in natural sources of the pigment has increased substantially. Common sources of natural astaxanthin are the green algae Haematococcus pluvialis (the red yeast), Phaffia rhodozyma, as well as crustacean byproducts. Astaxanthin possesses an unusual antioxidant activity which has caused a surge in the nutraceutical market for the encapsulated product. Also, health benefits such as cardiovascular disease prevention, immune system boosting, bioactivity against Helicobacter pylori, and cataract prevention, have been associated with astaxanthin consumption. Research on the health benefits of astaxanthin is very recent and has mostly been performed in vitro or at the pre-clinical level with humans (PMID: 16431409). Astaxanthin is used in fish farming to induce trout flesh colouring. Astaxanthin is a carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3 (the 3S,3S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein. It has a role as an anticoagulant, an antioxidant, a food colouring, a plant metabolite and an animal metabolite. It is a carotenone and a carotenol. It derives from a hydride of a beta-carotene. Astaxanthin is a keto-carotenoid in the terpenes class of chemical compounds. It is classified as a xanthophyll but it is a carotenoid with no vitamin A activity. It is found in the majority of aquatic organisms with red pigment. Astaxanthin has shown to mediate anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. It may be found in fish feed or some animal food as a color additive. Astaxanthin is a natural product found in Ascidia zara, Linckia laevigata, and other organisms with data available. Astaxanthin is a natural and synthetic xanthophyll and nonprovitamin A carotenoid, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, astaxanthin may act as an antioxidant and reduce oxidative stress, thereby preventing protein and lipid oxidation and DNA damage. By decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals, it may also prevent ROS-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) transcription factor and the production of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1b), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a). In addition, astaxanthin may inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and nitric oxide (NO) activities, thereby reducing inflammation. Oxidative stress and inflammation play key roles in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cardiovascular, neurological, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3 (the 3S,3S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C210 - Immunoadjuvant C2140 - Adjuvant
Stigmastanol
Stigmastanol is a 3-hydroxy steroid that is 5alpha-stigmastane which is substituted at the 3beta position by a hydroxy group. It has a role as an anticholesteremic drug and a plant metabolite. It is a 3-hydroxy steroid and a member of phytosterols. It derives from a hydride of a 5alpha-stigmastane. Stigmastanol is a natural product found in Alnus japonica, Dracaena cinnabari, and other organisms with data available. Stigmastanol is a steroid derivative characterized by the hydroxyl group in position C-3 of the steroid skeleton, and a saturated bond in position 5-6 of the B ring. See also: Saw Palmetto (part of). D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68422 - Saturated Phytosterol D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2]. Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2].
Zeaxanthin
Zeaxanthin is a carotenoid xanthophyll and is one of the most common carotenoid found in nature. It is the pigment that gives corn, saffron, and many other plants their characteristic color. Zeaxanthin breaks down to form picrocrocin and safranal, which are responsible for the taste and aroma of saffron Carotenoids are among the most common pigments in nature and are natural lipid soluble antioxidants. Zeaxanthin is one of the two carotenoids (the other is lutein) that accumulate in the eye lens and macular region of the retina with concentrations in the macula greater than those found in plasma and other tissues. Lutein and zeaxanthin have identical chemical formulas and are isomers, but they are not stereoisomers. The main difference between them is in the location of a double bond in one of the end rings. This difference gives lutein three chiral centers whereas zeaxanthin has two. A relationship between macular pigment optical density, a marker of lutein and zeaxanthin concentration in the macula, and lens optical density, an antecedent of cataractous changes, has been suggested. The xanthophylls may act to protect the eye from ultraviolet phototoxicity via quenching reactive oxygen species and/or other mechanisms. Some observational studies have shown that generous intakes of lutein and zeaxanthin, particularly from certain xanthophyll-rich foods like spinach, broccoli and eggs, are associated with a significant reduction in the risk for cataract (up to 20\\%) and for age-related macular degeneration (up to 40\\%). While the pathophysiology of cataract and age-related macular degeneration is complex and contains both environmental and genetic components, research studies suggest dietary factors including antioxidant vitamins and xanthophylls may contribute to a reduction in the risk of these degenerative eye diseases. Further research is necessary to confirm these observations. (PMID: 11023002). Zeaxanthin has been found to be a microbial metabolite, it can be produced by Algibacter, Aquibacter, Escherichia, Flavobacterium, Formosa, Gramella, Hyunsoonleella, Kordia, Mesoflavibacter, Muricauda, Nubsella, Paracoccus, Siansivirga, Sphingomonas, Zeaxanthinibacter and yeast (https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0924224417302571?token=DE6BC6CC7DCDEA6150497AA3E375097A00F8E0C12AE03A8E420D85D1AC8855E62103143B5AE0B57E9C5828671F226801). It is a marker for the activity of Bacillus subtilis and/or Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the intestine. Higher levels are associated with higher levels of Bacillus or Pseudomonas. (PMID: 17555270; PMID: 12147474) Zeaxanthin is a carotenol. It has a role as a bacterial metabolite, a cofactor and an antioxidant. It derives from a hydride of a beta-carotene. Zeaxanthin is a most common carotenoid alcohols found in nature that is involved in the xanthophyll cycle. As a coexistent isomer of lutein, zeaxanthin is synthesized in plants and some micro-organisms. It gives the distinct yellow color to many vegetables and other plants including paprika, corn, saffron and wolfberries. Zeaxanthin is one of the two primary xanthophyll carotenoids contained within the retina of the eye and plays a predominant component in the central macula. It is available as a dietary supplement for eye health benefits and potential prevention of age-related macular degeneration. Zeaxanthin is also added as a food dye. Zeaxanthin is a natural product found in Bangia fuscopurpurea, Erythrobacter longus, and other organisms with data available. Carotenoids found in fruits and vegetables. Zeaxanthin accumulates in the MACULA LUTEA. See also: Saffron (part of); Corn (part of); Lycium barbarum fruit (part of). D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids
p-Anisic acid
p-Anisic acid, also known as 4-anisate or draconic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as p-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives. These are benzoic acids in which the hydrogen atom at position 4 of the benzene ring is replaced by a methoxy group. p-Anisic acid is a drug. p-Anisic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. p-Anisic acid is a faint, sweet, and cadaverous tasting compound. Outside of the human body, p-anisic acid has been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as anises, cocoa beans, fennels, and german camomiles. This could make p-anisic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. It is a white crystalline solid which is insoluble in water, highly soluble in alcohols and soluble in ether, and ethyl acetate. p-Anisic acid has antiseptic properties. It is also used as an intermediate in the preparation of more complex organic compounds. It is generally obtained by the oxidation of anethole or p-methoxyacetophenone. The term "anisic acid" often refers to this form specifically. p-Anisic acid is found naturally in anise. 4-methoxybenzoic acid is a methoxybenzoic acid substituted with a methoxy group at position C-4. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is functionally related to a benzoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 4-methoxybenzoate. 4-Methoxybenzoic acid is a natural product found in Chaenomeles speciosa, Annona purpurea, and other organisms with data available. Anisic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. See also: Stevia rebaudiuna Leaf (part of). Flavouring agent. Food additive listed in the EAFUS Food Additive Database (Jan. 2001) A methoxybenzoic acid substituted with a methoxy group at position C-4. COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS KEIO_ID A154 p-Anisic acid (4-Methoxybenzoic acid) is one of the isomers of anisic acid, with anti-bacterial and antiseptic properties[1]. p-Anisic acid (4-Methoxybenzoic acid) is one of the isomers of anisic acid, with anti-bacterial and antiseptic properties[1].
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol. This is because researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones in 1784. In the body, cholesterol can exist in either the free form or as an ester with a single fatty acid (of 10-20 carbons in length) covalently attached to the hydroxyl group at position 3 of the cholesterol ring. Due to the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Most of the cholesterol consumed as a dietary lipid exists as cholesterol esters. Cholesterol esters have a lower solubility in water than cholesterol and are more hydrophobic. They are hydrolyzed by the pancreatic enzyme cholesterol esterase to produce cholesterol and free fatty acids. Cholesterol has vital structural roles in membranes and in lipid metabolism in general. It is a biosynthetic precursor of bile acids, vitamin D, and steroid hormones (glucocorticoids, estrogens, progesterones, androgens and aldosterone). In addition, it contributes to the development and functioning of the central nervous system, and it has major functions in signal transduction and sperm development. Cholesterol is a ubiquitous component of all animal tissues where much of it is located in the membranes, although it is not evenly distributed. The highest proportion of unesterified cholesterol is in the plasma membrane (roughly 30-50\\\\% of the lipid in the membrane or 60-80\\\\% of the cholesterol in the cell), while mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum have very low cholesterol contents. Cholesterol is also enriched in early and recycling endosomes, but not in late endosomes. The brain contains more cholesterol than any other organ where it comprises roughly a quarter of the total free cholesterol in the human body. Of all the organic constituents of blood, only glucose is present in a higher molar concentration than cholesterol. Cholesterol esters appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and as a biologically inert storage (de-toxified) form. They do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles. Cholesterol molecules (i.e. cholesterol esters) are transported throughout the body via lipoprotein particles. The largest lipoproteins, which primarily transport fats from the intestinal mucosa to the liver, are called chylomicrons. They carry mostly triglyceride fats and cholesterol that are from food, especially internal cholesterol secreted by the liver into the bile. In the liver, chylomicron particles give up triglycerides and some cholesterol. They are then converted into low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, which carry triglycerides and cholesterol on to other body cells. In healthy individuals, the LDL particles are large and relatively few in number. In contrast, large numbers of small LDL particles are strongly associated with promoting atheromatous disease within the arteries. (Lack of information on LDL particle number and size is one of the major problems of conventional lipid tests.). In conditions with elevated concentrations of oxidized LDL particles, especially small LDL particles, cholesterol promotes atheroma plaque deposits in the walls of arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis, which is a major contributor to coronary heart disease and other forms of cardiovascular disease. There is a worldwide trend to believe that lower total cholesterol levels tend to correlate with lower atherosclerosis event rates (though some studies refute this idea). As a result, cholesterol has become a very large focus for the scientific community trying to determine the proper amount of cholesterol needed in a healthy diet. However, the primary association of atherosclerosis with c... Constituent either free or as esters, of fish liver oils, lard, dairy fats, egg yolk and bran Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
Brassicasterol
Brassicasterol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ergosterols and derivatives. These are steroids containing ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol or a derivative thereof, which is based on the 3beta-hydroxylated ergostane skeleton. Thus, brassicasterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. Brassicasterol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Brassicasterol is a potential CSF biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease (PMID: 21585343). C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68437 - Unsaturated Phytosterol Constituent of Brassica rapa oil Brassicasterol, a metabolite of Ergosterol, plays a role in the inhibitory effect on bladder carcinogenesis promotion via androgen signaling[1]. Brassicasterol shows dual anti-infective properties against HSV-1 (IC50=1.2 μM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and cardiovascular protective effect[2]. Brassicasterol exerts an anti-cancer effect by dual-targeting AKT and androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer[3]. Brassicasterol is a metabolite of Ergosterol and has cardiovascular protective effects. Brassicasterol exerts anticancer effects in prostate cancer through dual targeting of AKT and androgen receptor signaling pathways. Brassicasterol inhibits HSV-1 (IC50=1.2 μM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Brassicasterol also inhibits sterol δ 24-reductase, slowing the progression of atherosclerosis. Brassicasterol is also a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for Alzheimer's disease[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Brassicasterol, a metabolite of Ergosterol, plays a role in the inhibitory effect on bladder carcinogenesis promotion via androgen signaling[1]. Brassicasterol shows dual anti-infective properties against HSV-1 (IC50=1.2 μM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and cardiovascular protective effect[2]. Brassicasterol exerts an anti-cancer effect by dual-targeting AKT and androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer[3].
Lathosterol
Lathosterol is a a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is used as an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis (PMID 14511438). Plasma lathosterol levels are significantly elevated in patients with bile acid malabsorption (PMID: 8777839). Lathosterol oxidase (EC 1.14.21.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O [HMDB] Lathosterol is a a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is used as an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis (PMID 14511438). Plasma lathosterol levels are significantly elevated in patients with bile acid malabsorption (PMID:8777839). Lathosterol oxidase (EC 1.14.21.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O. Lathosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. Serum Lathosterol concentration is an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis. Lathosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. Serum Lathosterol concentration is an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis.
Polycarpine
24-Methylenecholesterol
24-Methylenecholesterol, also known as chalinasterol or ostreasterol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ergosterols and derivatives. These are steroids containing ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3beta-ol or a derivative thereof, which is based on the 3beta-hydroxylated ergostane skeleton. Thus, 24-methylenecholesterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 24-Methylenecholesterol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. 24-Methylenecholesterol is involved in the biosynthesis of steroids. 24-Methylenecholesterol is converted from 5-dehydroepisterol by 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.21). 24-Methylenecholesterol is converted into campesterol by delta24-sterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.72). 24-methylenecholesterol is a 3beta-sterol having the structure of cholesterol with a methylene group at C-24. It has a role as a mouse metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol and a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid. It is functionally related to a cholesterol. 24-Methylenecholesterol is a natural product found in Echinometra lucunter, Ulva fasciata, and other organisms with data available. A 3beta-sterol having the structure of cholesterol with a methylene group at C-24. Constituent of clams and oysters 24-Methylenecholesterol (Ostreasterol), a natural marine sterol, stimulates cholesterol acyltransferase in human macrophages. 24-Methylenecholesterol possess anti-aging effects in yeast. 24-methylenecholesterol enhances honey bee longevity and improves nurse bee physiology[1][2][3].
Campestanol
Campestanol is plant stanol. It can decrease the circulating LDL-cholesterol level by reducing intestinal cholesterol absorption. (PMID 8143759). Constituent of coffee and of pot marigold (Calendula officinalis)
Alloxanthin
Alloxanthin is found in channel catfish. Alloxanthin is a constituent of many shellfish including the giant scallop (Pecten maximus) and edible mussel (Mytilus edulis). Constituent of many shellfish including the giant scallop (Pecten maximus) and edible mussel (Mytilus edulis). Alloxanthin is found in channel catfish and mollusks.
Mytiloxanthin
Mytiloxanthin is found in blue mussel. Mytiloxanthin is isolated from the mussels Mytilus edulis. Isolated from the mussels Mytilus edulis. Mytiloxanthin is found in blue mussel and mollusks.
8-Hydroxyadenine
8-hydroxyadenine is an intermediate in the oxidation of adenine to 2,8-dihydroxyadenine by xanthine oxidase (EC 1.1.3.22). A controversy exists as to whether or not this metabolite is a marker of DNA damage. Several papers have reported an artifactual formation of a number of modified bases from intact DNA bases during derivatization of DNA hydrolysates to be analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). These reports dealt with 8-hydroxyadenine (8-OH). It needs to be emphasized that the procedures for hydrolysis of DNA and derivatization of DNA hydrolysates used in these papers substantially differed from the established procedures previously described. Furthermore, a large number of relevant papers reporting the levels of these modified bases in DNA of various sources have been ignored. Interestingly, the levels of modified bases reported in the literature were not as high as those reported prior to prepurification. Levels of 8-OH-Ade were quite close to, or even the same as, or smaller than the level reported after prepurification. All these facts raise the question of the validity of the claims about the measurement of these modified DNA bases by GC/MS. Oxidative damage to DNA may play an important role in aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers disease (AD). Attack on DNA by reactive oxygen species, particularly hydroxyl radicals, can lead to strand breaks, DNA-DNA and DNA-protein cross-linking, sister chromatid exchange and translocation, and formation of at least 20 oxidized base adducts. Modification of DNA bases can lead to mutation and altered protein synthesis. In late-stage AD brain, several studies have shown an elevation of the base adducts 8-hydroxyadenine (8-OHA). Several studies have shown a decline in repair of 8-OHG in AD. Most recently studies have shown elevated 8-OHA in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in mild cognitive impairment, the earliest detectable form of AD, suggesting that oxidative damage to DNA is an early event in AD and not a secondary phenomenon. (PMID: 10098459, 17034348) [HMDB] 8-hydroxyadenine is an intermediate in the oxidation of adenine to 2,8-dihydroxyadenine by xanthine oxidase (EC 1.1.3.22). A controversy exists as to whether or not this metabolite is a marker of DNA damage. Several papers have reported an artifactual formation of a number of modified bases from intact DNA bases during derivatization of DNA hydrolysates to be analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). These reports dealt with 8-hydroxyadenine (8-OH). It needs to be emphasized that the procedures for hydrolysis of DNA and derivatization of DNA hydrolysates used in these papers substantially differed from the established procedures previously described. Furthermore, a large number of relevant papers reporting the levels of these modified bases in DNA of various sources have been ignored. Interestingly, the levels of modified bases reported in the literature were not as high as those reported prior to prepurification. Levels of 8-OH-Ade were quite close to, or even the same as, or smaller than the level reported after prepurification. All these facts raise the question of the validity of the claims about the measurement of these modified DNA bases by GC/MS. Oxidative damage to DNA may play an important role in aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers disease (AD). Attack on DNA by reactive oxygen species, particularly hydroxyl radicals, can lead to strand breaks, DNA-DNA and DNA-protein cross-linking, sister chromatid exchange and translocation, and formation of at least 20 oxidized base adducts. Modification of DNA bases can lead to mutation and altered protein synthesis. In late-stage AD brain, several studies have shown an elevation of the base adducts 8-hydroxyadenine (8-OHA). Several studies have shown a decline in repair of 8-OHG in AD. Most recently studies have shown elevated 8-OHA in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in mild cognitive impairment, the earliest detectable form of AD, suggesting that oxidative damage to DNA is an early event in AD and not a secondary phenomenon. (PMID: 10098459, 17034348).
(3S,3'S)-beta,beta-Carotene-3,3'-diol
(3S,3S)-beta,beta-Carotene-3,3-diol is isolated from various fishes, including channel catfish, Paratya compressa compressa (shrimp), and Theragra chalcogramma (pollack) (Dictionary of Food Compounds). Zeaxanthin is one of the two primary xanthophyll carotenoids contained within the retina of the eye. Within the central macula, zeaxanthin is the dominant component, whereas in the peripheral retina, lutein predominates. The principal natural form of zeaxanthin is (3R,3R)-zeaxanthin. As a food additive, zeaxanthin is a food dye with E number E161h (Wikipedia). Isolated from various fishes, including Paratya compressa compressa (shrimp) and Theragra chalcogramma (pollack) [DFC]
Peridinin
Halocynthiaxanthin
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids CONE_VOLTAGE is 20 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan. This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
sitosterol
A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68437 - Unsaturated Phytosterol D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\\%) is a plant sterol. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\\%) interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation[1]. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\%) is a plant sterol. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\%) interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation[1].
Pectenolone
Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE was 20 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
Astaxanthin
Window width for selecting the precursor ion was 3 Da.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16HP2005 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C210 - Immunoadjuvant C2140 - Adjuvant
Peridinin
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan. Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE was 20 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan. Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE was 10 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
4-methoxy-N-(N-methylcarbamimidoyl)benzamide
C10H13N3O2 (207.10077180000002)
Yezoquinolide
A natural product found particularly in Sargassum serratifolium and Botryllus tuberatus.
Cholesterol
A cholestanoid consisting of cholestane having a double bond at the 5,6-position as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
Stigmastanol
Stigmastanol is a 3-hydroxy steroid that is 5alpha-stigmastane which is substituted at the 3beta position by a hydroxy group. It has a role as an anticholesteremic drug and a plant metabolite. It is a 3-hydroxy steroid and a member of phytosterols. It derives from a hydride of a 5alpha-stigmastane. Stigmastanol is a natural product found in Alnus japonica, Dracaena cinnabari, and other organisms with data available. Stigmastanol is a steroid derivative characterized by the hydroxyl group in position C-3 of the steroid skeleton, and a saturated bond in position 5-6 of the B ring. See also: Saw Palmetto (part of). A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 5alpha-stigmastane which is substituted at the 3beta position by a hydroxy group. D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68422 - Saturated Phytosterol D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2]. Stigmastanol is the 6-amino derivative isolated from Hypericum riparium. Hypericum riparium A. Chev. is a Cameroonian medicinal plant belonging to the family Guttiferae[1][2].
Brassicasterol
An 3beta-sterol that is (22E)-ergosta-5,22-diene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3beta. It is a phytosterol found in marine algae, fish, and rapeseed oil. C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68437 - Unsaturated Phytosterol Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Brassicasterol, a metabolite of Ergosterol, plays a role in the inhibitory effect on bladder carcinogenesis promotion via androgen signaling[1]. Brassicasterol shows dual anti-infective properties against HSV-1 (IC50=1.2 μM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and cardiovascular protective effect[2]. Brassicasterol exerts an anti-cancer effect by dual-targeting AKT and androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer[3]. Brassicasterol is a metabolite of Ergosterol and has cardiovascular protective effects. Brassicasterol exerts anticancer effects in prostate cancer through dual targeting of AKT and androgen receptor signaling pathways. Brassicasterol inhibits HSV-1 (IC50=1.2 μM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Brassicasterol also inhibits sterol δ 24-reductase, slowing the progression of atherosclerosis. Brassicasterol is also a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for Alzheimer's disease[1][2][3][4][5][6]. Brassicasterol, a metabolite of Ergosterol, plays a role in the inhibitory effect on bladder carcinogenesis promotion via androgen signaling[1]. Brassicasterol shows dual anti-infective properties against HSV-1 (IC50=1.2 μM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and cardiovascular protective effect[2]. Brassicasterol exerts an anti-cancer effect by dual-targeting AKT and androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer[3].
Campesterol
Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects. Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects.
Ergosterol
Indicator of fungal contamination, especies in cereals. Occurs in yeast and fungi. The main fungal steroidand is also found in small amts. in higher plant prods., e.g. palm oil [DFC]. D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins > D000072664 - Provitamins Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Ergosterol is the primary sterol found in fungi, with antioxidative, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects. Ergosterol is the primary sterol found in fungi, with antioxidative, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects.
β-Carotene
The novel carbohydrate-derived b-carboline, 1-pentahydroxypentyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-b-carboline-3-carboxylic acid, was identified in fruit- and vegetable-derived products such as juices, jams, and tomato sauces. This compound occurred as two diastereoisomers, a cis isomer (the major compound) and a trans isomer, ranging from undetectable amounts to 6.5 ug/g. Grape, tomato, pineapple, and tropical juices exhibited the highest amount of this alkaloid (up to 3.8 mg/L), whereas apple, banana, and peach juices showed very low or nondetectable levels. This tetrahydro-b-carboline was also found in jams (up to 0.45 ug/g), and a relative high amount was present in tomato concentrate (6.5 ug/g) and sauce (up to 1.8 ug/g). This b-carboline occurred in fruit-derived products as a glycoconjugate from a chemical condensation of d-glucose and l-tryptophan that is highly favored at low pH values and high temperature. Production, processing treatments, and storage of fruit juices and jams can then release this b-carboline. Fruit-derived products and other foods containing this compound might be an exogenous dietary source of this glucose-derived tetrahydro-b-carboline.(PMID: 12137498) [HMDB] Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE is 20 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan. D - Dermatologicals > D02 - Emollients and protectives > D02B - Protectives against uv-radiation > D02BB - Protectives against uv-radiation for systemic use A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A11 - Vitamins > A11C - Vitamin a and d, incl. combinations of the two > A11CA - Vitamin a, plain D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins > D000072664 - Provitamins Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; CONE_VOLTAGE is 10 V.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
Trigonelline
MS2 deconvoluted using CorrDec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. MS2 deconvoluted using MS2Dec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; WWNNZCOKKKDOPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N_STSL_0022_Trigonelline (chloride)_0125fmol_180416_S2_LC02_MS02_26; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. Trigonelline is an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity that can be isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum L or Leonurus artemisia. Trigonelline is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor that blocks Nrf2-dependent proteasome activity, thereby enhancing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Trigonelline also has anti-HSV-1, antibacterial, and antifungal activity and induces ferroptosis. Trigonelline is an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity that can be isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum L or Leonurus artemisia. Trigonelline is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor that blocks Nrf2-dependent proteasome activity, thereby enhancing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Trigonelline also has anti-HSV-1, antibacterial, and antifungal activity and induces ferroptosis.
Zeaxanthin
Meso-zeaxanthin (3R,3´S-zeaxanthin) is a xanthophyll carotenoid, as it contains oxygen and hydrocarbons, and is one of the three stereoisomers of zeaxanthin. Of the three stereoisomers, meso-zeaxanthin is the second most abundant in nature after 3R,3´R-zeaxanthin, which is produced by plants and algae. To date, meso-zeaxanthin has been identified in specific tissues of marine organisms and in the macula lutea, also known as the "yellow spot", of the human retina . Meso-zeaxanthin is a member of the class of compounds known as xanthophylls. Xanthophylls are carotenoids containing an oxygenated carotene backbone. Carotenes are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family. Xanthophylls arise by oxygenation of the carotene backbone. Meso-zeaxanthin is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Meso-zeaxanthin can be found in channel catfish, crustaceans, and fishes, which makes meso-zeaxanthin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids Window width for selecting the precursor ion was 3 Da.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16HP2005 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
p-Anisic acid
p-Anisic acid (4-Methoxybenzoic acid) is one of the isomers of anisic acid, with anti-bacterial and antiseptic properties[1]. p-Anisic acid (4-Methoxybenzoic acid) is one of the isomers of anisic acid, with anti-bacterial and antiseptic properties[1].
Fucoxanthin
Fucoxanthin is an epoxycarotenol that is found in brown seaweed and which exhibits anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective properties. It has a role as an algal metabolite, a CFTR potentiator, a food antioxidant, a neuroprotective agent, a hypoglycemic agent, an apoptosis inhibitor, a hepatoprotective agent, a marine metabolite and a plant metabolite. It is an epoxycarotenol, an acetate ester, a secondary alcohol, a tertiary alcohol and a member of allenes. Fucoxanthin is a natural product found in Aequipecten opercularis, Ascidia zara, and other organisms with data available. An epoxycarotenol that is found in brown seaweed and which exhibits anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative and neuroprotective properties. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids Window width to select the precursor ion was 3 Da.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19HP8024 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan. Window width for selecting the precursor ion was 3 Da.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16HP2005 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan. Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Fucoxanthin (all-trans-Fucoxanthin) is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.
Alloxanthin
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants > D002338 - Carotenoids Window width for selecting the precursor ion was 3 Da.; This record was created by the financial support of MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16HP2005 to the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan.
8-Hydroxyadenine
A nucleobase analogue that is adenine bearing a single hydroxy substituent at position 8.
Zeaxanthin, (3S,3S)-
Lathosterol
Lathosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. Serum Lathosterol concentration is an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis. Lathosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. Serum Lathosterol concentration is an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis.
Coprostanol
A member of the class of phytosterols that is 5beta-cholestane carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 3beta-position.
Dihydrocholesterol
5α-Cholestan-3β-ol is a derivitized steroid compound. 5α-Cholestan-3β-ol is a derivitized steroid compound.
Avenasterol
A stigmastane sterol that is 5alpha-stigmastane carrying a hydroxy group at position 3beta and double bonds at positions 7 and 24.
1,3,3-trimethyl-2-[(9e,11e,13e,15e,17e)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaen-1-yl]cyclohex-1-ene
(5z)-3-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-4-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2-one
C24H12Br4O6 (711.7367291999999)
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]heptadecanimidic acid
5-(dimethylamino)-1-methoxy-8-(methoxysulfanyl)-3,4-dihydro-1h-2-benzothiopyran-6-ol
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5r)-5-[(7z,9z)-tetradeca-7,9,13-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
5-(dimethylamino)-6,7-dimethoxy-8-(methyldisulfanyl)-3,4-dihydro-2-benzothiopyran-1-one
9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(5-methylhex-3-en-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
(6s,7ar)-2-[(2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e)-17-[(4r)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl]-6,11,15-trimethylheptadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14-heptaen-16-yn-2-yl]-4,4,7a-trimethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
2-(dimethylamino)-5-(1h-indol-3-yl)imidazol-4-one
C13H12N4O (240.10110619999998)
[(3s,6r)-6-[(2s,5s)-5-[(9z,11e)-heptadeca-9,11,16-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
3-(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)-2-[(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)methyl]-n,n'-bis(4-carbamimidamidobutyl)-2,4,4-trihydroxypentanediimidic acid
4-(dimethylamino)-6-(1h-indol-3-yl)-1,3,5-oxadiazin-2-one
6,10,20-triazapentacyclo[11.7.1.0²,⁷.0⁹,²¹.0¹⁴,¹⁹]henicosa-1,4,6,9,11,13(21),14(19),15,17-nonaene-3,8-dione
{6-[5-(tetradeca-7,9,13-trien-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl}acetic acid
n-[2-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyprop-2-enamide
n-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)ethyl]-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)-2-oxoacetamide
2-hydroxy-n-(3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl)heptadecanimidic acid
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5r)-5-[(9z,11z)-hexadeca-9,11-dien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
(2s,3r,4r)-3,4-bis[(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)methyl]-n,1-bis(4-carbamimidamidobutyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
1-{2-[(2-{[2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxypropylidene]amino}-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxypropylidene)amino]acetyl}-n-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5r)-5-[(7z,9e)-tetradeca-7,9,13-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
methyl 2-{6-[5-(tetradeca-7,9,13-trien-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl}acetate
n-[2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyprop-2-enamide
C19H18BrNO4 (403.04191280000003)
(5r)-2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylimidazole-4-thione
2-[(2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e)-17-(4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-6,11,15-trimethylheptadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-octaen-2-yl]-4,4,7a-trimethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
(2s,3r,4s)-3-(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)-4-[(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)methyl]-n,1-bis(4-carbamimidamidobutyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
4,8-dihydroxy-n-[(1z)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]quinoline-2-carboximidic acid
(3z,6z)-deca-3,6,9-trien-1-yloxysulfonic acid
C10H16O4S (232.07692559999998)
methyl 2-[(3s,6s)-6-[(2r,5s)-5-[(7z,9z)-tetradeca-7,9,13-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetate
4,8-dihydroxy-n-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]quinoline-2-carboximidic acid
2-amino-n-{1-[({[(1e)-2-(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)ethenyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}methyl)-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl}-3-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)propanimidic acid
C27H28BrN7O5 (609.1335177999999)
(3r)-3-[(2z,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e)-3-hydroxy-19-[(4r)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl]-4,8,13,17-tetramethylnonadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-octaen-18-ynoyl]-3,4,4-trimethylcyclopentan-1-one
(2s,3r,4r)-3-(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)-4-[(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)methyl]-n,1-bis(4-carbamimidamidobutyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2r,5s)-5-[(9z,11e)-heptadeca-9,11,16-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
(10e)-10-(hydroxymethylidene)-8,14-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁷.0¹³,¹⁷]heptadeca-1(16),2(7),3,5,8,11,13(17),14-octaen-12-ol
2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylimidazole-4-thione
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5r)-5-[(9z,11z)-hexadeca-9,11,15-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylimidazol-4-one
({5-hydroxy-2-[(1z)-2-hydroxy-2-[(e)-[(1e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]eth-1-en-1-yl]phenyl}imino)methyl
4-[(9e,11e,13e,15e,17e)-18-(4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaen-1-yl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol
(5z)-4-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2-one
2-hydroxy-n-(3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl)octadecanimidic acid
(2r)-5-carbamimidamido-2-{[4-(1h-indole-3-carbonyloxy)phenyl]formamido}pentanoic acid
4,8-dihydroxy-n-[(1e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]quinoline-2-carboximidic acid
4-[(9e,11e,13e,15e)-18-(4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15-octaen-17-yn-1-yl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol
(5r)-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-imino-1-methylimidazole-4,5-diol
(5z)-3-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-4-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2-one
C24H10Br6O6 (867.5577519999999)
n-[2-(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2-(1h-indol-3-yl)-2-oxoacetamide
C18H15BrN2O3 (386.02659800000004)
n-[2-(3,5-dibromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyprop-2-enamide
C19H17Br2NO4 (480.95242420000005)
(2z,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e)-3-hydroxy-1-[(1r,4s)-4-hydroxy-1,2,2-trimethylcyclopentyl]-19-[(4s)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl]-4,8,13,17-tetramethylnonadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-octaen-18-yn-1-one
4-[(3e,5e,7e,9e,11e,13e,15e)-18-[(1e)-2,4-dihydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexylidene]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-17-oxooctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15-octaen-1-ylidene]-3-hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl acetate
[(5r)-5-carboxy-5-hydroxypentyl]trimethylazanium
[C9H20NO3]+ (190.14431100000002)
10-(2-aminoethyl)-8,14-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁷.0¹³,¹⁷]heptadeca-1(17),2,4,6,9,11,13,15-octaen-12-ol
1-(5-isopropylhept-5-en-2-yl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
methyl 2-[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5r)-5-[(7z,9z)-tetradeca-7,9,13-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetate
(1r,3as,3br,5as,7s,9as,9bs,11ar)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-[(2r,3e)-5-methylhex-3-en-2-yl]-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
(6-{5-[(9e)-tetradeca-7,9,13-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl}-1,2-dioxan-3-yl)acetic acid
3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2-methoxyprop-2-enamide
C18H17NO4 (311.11575220000003)
2-hydroxy-n-(3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl)hexadecanimidic acid
2-imino-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1h-imidazole-4-sulfonic acid
3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxy-n-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]prop-2-enamide
(2r,3r,4s)-3,4-bis[(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)methyl]-n,1-bis(4-carbamimidamidobutyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
[2-imino-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1h-imidazol-4-yl]sulfanesulfonic acid
(2s,3r,4s)-3,4-bis[(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)methyl]-n,1-bis(4-carbamimidamidobutyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
(z,2e)-n-[(1e)-2-(3,5-dibromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyprop-2-enimidic acid
C19H17Br2NO4 (480.95242420000005)
2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-n-methyl-2-oxoethanimidic acid
(e,2z)-n-[(1e)-2-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyprop-2-enimidic acid
(3s)-3-[(2z,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e)-3-hydroxy-19-[(4s)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl]-4,8,13,17-tetramethylnonadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-octaen-18-ynoyl]-3,4,4-trimethylcyclopentan-1-one
4-[(9e,11e,13e,15e)-18-(4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaen-1,17-diyn-1-yl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]octadecanimidic acid
(1r,3as,3bs,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-[(2r,3e)-5-methylhex-3-en-2-yl]-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-amino-1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-3-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)propylidene]amino}-n-[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1z)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-phenylethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]-4-methylpentanimidic acid
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5r)-5-[6-(cycloocta-2,4,6-trien-1-yl)hexyl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
(3e,5e,7e,9e,11e,13e,15e)-18-[(2r,4s)-2,4-dihydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexylidene]-1-[(1s,4s,6r)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octaen-2-one
(z,2e)-n-[(1e)-2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyprop-2-enimidic acid
C19H18BrNO4 (403.04191280000003)
3-[(2z,4e,6e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-19-(4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-4,8,13,17-tetramethylnonadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-octaen-18-ynoyl]-3,4,4-trimethylcyclopentan-1-one
(z,2e)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-[(1e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2-methoxyprop-2-enimidic acid
C18H17NO4 (311.11575220000003)
(2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e,10e)-3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}octadeca-4,8,10-trien-2-yl]hexadecanimidic acid
(e,2z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxy-n-[(1e)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]prop-2-enimidic acid
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5r)-5-{6-[(1r)-cycloocta-2,4,6-trien-1-yl]hexyl}oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
1-[5-(dimethylamino)-1,6,7-trimethoxy-8-(methyldisulfanyl)-3,4-dihydro-2-benzothiopyran-1-yl]ethanone
C17H25NO4S3 (403.09456500000005)
(6s,7ar)-2-[(2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e)-17-[(4r)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl]-6,11,15-trimethylheptadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-octaen-2-yl]-4,4,7a-trimethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran-6-ol
(1r,3as,3bs,5as,6s,7s,9ar,9bs,11ar)-1-[(2r,5r)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-6,9a,11a-trimethyl-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
deca-3,6,9-trien-1-yloxysulfonic acid
C10H16O4S (232.07692559999998)
1-(5,6-dimethylheptan-2-yl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
7-(1h-indole-3-carbonyl)-n,n-dimethyl-3,5,8,10-tetraazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹¹,¹⁶]hexadeca-1,3,6,9,11,13,15-heptaen-4-amine
C23H18N6O (394.15420179999995)
(1r,3as,3br,5as,7s,9as,9bs,11ar)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-[(2r,3e)-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl]-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
2-{3,7-dimethyl-8-[4-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl]octa-2,6-dien-1-yl}-6-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
(1r)-4-[(3e,5e,7e,9e,11e,13e,15e,17e)-18-[(4r)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octaen-1-yn-1-yl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol
(4s,4ar,7as)-6,6,7b-trimethyl-1h,3h,4h,4ah,5h,7h,7ah-cyclobuta[e]indene-3,4-diol
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2r,5s)-5-[6-(cycloocta-2,4,6-trien-1-yl)hexyl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
3-(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)-4-[(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)methyl]-n,1-bis(4-carbamimidamidobutyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
8-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-4-oxo-1h-quinoline-2-carboxylic acid
10-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-8,14-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁷.0¹³,¹⁷]heptadeca-1(17),2,4,6,9,11,13,15-octaen-12-ol
1-(5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
3-hydroxy-6,10,20-triazapentacyclo[11.7.1.0²,⁷.0⁹,²¹.0¹⁴,¹⁹]henicosa-1(20),2,4,6,9,11,13(21),14(19),15,17-decaen-8-one
9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(5-methylhex-3-en-2-yl)-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
(2r)-5-carbamimidamido-2-{[4-(4-hydroxybenzoyloxy)phenyl]formamido}pentanoic acid
(z,2e)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxy-n-[(1e)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]prop-2-enimidic acid
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5r)-5-{6-[(1r,2z,4z,6z)-cycloocta-2,4,6-trien-1-yl]hexyl}oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
(3e,5e,7e,9e)-18-(2,4-dihydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexylidene)-1-{4-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl}-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-octaen-2-one
(11r,12r)-10-imino-12-(1h-indole-3-carbonyl)-n,n-dimethyl-8,13,15-triazatetracyclo[7.6.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]pentadeca-1(9),2,4,6,13-pentaen-14-amine
(2s)-2-amino-n-[(2s,3r)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoyl]-n-[(2s)-2-{[(1z)-2-(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)ethenyl]amino}-3-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)propanoyl]-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanamide
C29H32BrN7O6 (653.1597311999999)
6-hydroxy-6,10,14-trimethyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3ah,4h,5h,7h,8h,11h,12h,15h,15ah-cyclotetradeca[b]furan-5-yl acetate
5-(2-methyl-6-oxohept-2-en-1-yl)-3-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)-5h-furan-2-one
5-{[2-imino-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1h-imidazol-4-yl]disulfanyl}-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3h-imidazol-2-imine
C22H24N6O2S2 (468.14020839999995)
(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-amino-1-hydroxy-3-methylbutylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropylidene]amino}-n-[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-[({[(1s)-5-amino-1-{[(1s,2s)-1-{[(1s,2s)-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-[({[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-[({[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-2-hydroxy-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-(c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)-2-phenylethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-methylpropyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-phenylethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}methyl)-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-2-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-methylpropyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-phenylethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-(c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}methyl)-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-2-methylpropyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-methylbutyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-methylbutyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}pentyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}methyl)-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-3-methylbutyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-phenylethyl]pentanediimidic acid
(2r)-5-carbamimidamido-2-{[4-(6-hydroxy-1h-indole-3-carbonyloxy)phenyl]formamido}pentanoic acid
n-(2-{12-hydroxy-8,14-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁷.0¹³,¹⁷]heptadeca-1(17),2,4,6,9,11,13,15-octaen-10-yl}ethyl)ethanimidic acid
3-[(2z,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e)-3-hydroxy-19-(4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-4,8,13,17-tetramethylnonadeca-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16-octaen-18-ynoyl]-3,4,4-trimethylcyclopentan-1-one
(e,2z)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-n-[(1e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2-methoxyprop-2-enimidic acid
C18H17NO4 (311.11575220000003)
9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-methyl-5-methylideneheptan-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
(2r,3r,4s)-3-(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)-4-[(6-bromo-1h-indol-3-yl)methyl]-n,1-bis(4-carbamimidamidobutyl)-2,4-dihydroxy-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
10-[(1r)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]-8,14-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁷.0¹³,¹⁷]heptadeca-1(17),2,4,6,9,11,13,15-octaen-12-ol
4-[(9e,11e,13e,15e,17e)-18-(4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaen-1-yl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol
1-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-6,9a,11a-trimethyl-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
(2s)-1-(2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxypropylidene]amino}-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-hydroxypropylidene]amino}acetyl)-n-[(1e)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
(2s)-2-[(2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s,3s)-2-{[(2s,3s)-2-{[(2s)-2-[(2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s)-6-amino-2-{[(2s)-2-{[(2s)-2-amino-1-hydroxypropylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropylidene]amino}-1-hydroxyhexylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-4-methylpentylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-4-methylpentylidene]amino}-1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-hydroxypentylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-3-methylpentylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-3-methylpentylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-3-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)propylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-3-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)propylidene]amino}-1-hydroxy-3-methylbutylidene]amino}-1-hydroxyethylidene)amino]-n-[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-[({[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-2-hydroxy-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-{[(1s)-1-(c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)-2-phenylethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-methylpropyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-(3h-imidazol-4-yl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-phenylethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}methyl)-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-methylpropyl]-c-hydroxycarbonimidoyl}-2-phenylethyl]butanediimidic acid
2,5-dihydroxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylimidazole-4-thione
3-(2-carboxyethyl)-1,4-dimethylpyridin-1-ium
[C10H14NO2]+ (180.10244840000001)
(5s)-2,5-dihydroxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylimidazole-4-thione
5-{[2-imino-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1h-imidazol-4-yl]sulfanyl}-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3h-imidazol-2-imine
12-hydroxy-8,14-diazatetracyclo[7.7.1.0²,⁷.0¹³,¹⁷]heptadeca-1(17),2,4,6,9,11,13,15-octaene-10-carbaldehyde
(e,2z)-n-[(1e)-2-(3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyprop-2-enimidic acid
C19H18BrNO4 (403.04191280000003)
(1r,4r)-4-[(1e,3e,5e,7e,9e,11e,13e,15e,17e)-18-[(4s)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaen-1-yl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol
(5s)-2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylimidazol-4-one
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5s)-5-[(9z,11z)-hexadeca-9,11,15-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
1,6,7-trimethoxy-n,n-dimethyl-8-(methyldisulfanyl)-3,4-dihydro-1h-2-benzothiopyran-5-amine
9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-1h,2h,3h,3ah,3bh,4h,6h,7h,8h,9h,9bh,10h,11h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-ol
(e,2z)-n-[(1e)-2-(3,5-dibromo-4-methoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyprop-2-enimidic acid
C19H17Br2NO4 (480.95242420000005)
[(3s,6s)-6-[(2s,5r)-5-[(9e,11e)-hexadeca-9,11,15-trien-1-yl]oxolan-2-yl]-1,2-dioxan-3-yl]acetic acid
(3e,5e,7e,9e)-1-{4-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-1-yl}-18-(4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaen-17-yn-2-one
7-(1h-indole-3-carbonyl)-3,5,8,10-tetraazatetracyclo[7.7.0.0²,⁶.0¹¹,¹⁶]hexadeca-1,6,9,11,13,15-hexaen-4-imine
12-(1h-indole-3-carbonyl)-n14,n14-dimethyl-8,13,15-triazatetracyclo[7.6.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]pentadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13-heptaene-10,14-diamine
C23H18N6O (394.15420179999995)