Tetrahydrobiopterin (BioDeep_00000001257)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000183524, BioDeep_00000873062

human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Endogenous blood metabolite natural product


代谢物信息卡片


(-)-(6R)-2-Amino-6-((1R,2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4(3H)-pteridinone

化学式: C9H15N5O3 (241.1175)
中文名称: 沙丙蝶呤, 四氢生物喋呤
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 16.92%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC(C(C1CNC2=C(N1)C(=O)NC(=N2)N)O)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C9H15N5O3/c1-3(15)6(16)4-2-11-7-5(12-4)8(17)14-9(10)13-7/h3-4,6,12,15-16H,2H2,1H3,(H4,10,11,13,14,17)

描述信息

Tetrahydrobiopterin (CAS: 17528-72-2), also known as BH4, is an essential cofactor in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and nitric oxide (PMID: 16946131). In fact, it is used by all three human nitric-oxide synthases (NOS) eNOS, nNOS, and iNOS as well as the enzyme glyceryl-ether monooxygenase. It is also essential in the conversion of phenylalanine into tyrosine by the enzyme phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase; the conversion of tyrosine into L-dopa by the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase; and the conversion of tryptophan into 5-hydroxytryptophan via tryptophan hydroxylase. Specifically, tetrahydrobiopterin is a cofactor for tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 1, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and phenylalanine hydroxylase, all of which are essential for the formation of the neurotransmitters dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline. Tetrahydrobiopterin has been proposed to be involved in the promotion of neurotransmitter release in the brain and the regulation of human melanogenesis. A defect in BH4 production and/or a defect in the enzyme dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) causes phenylketonuria type IV, as well as dopa-responsive dystonias. BH4 is also implicated in Parkinsons disease, Alzheimers disease, and depression. Tetrahydrobiopterin is present in probably every cell or tissue of higher animals. On the other hand, most bacteria, fungi and plants do not synthesize tetrahydrobiopterin (Wikipedia).
A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A16 - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16A - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16AX - Various alimentary tract and metabolism products
C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant
Tetrahydrobiopterin ((Rac)-Sapropterin) is a cofactor of the aromatic amino acid hydroxylases enzymes and also acts as an essential cofactor for all nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms.

同义名列表

43 个代谢物同义名

(-)-(6R)-2-Amino-6-((1R,2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4(3H)-pteridinone; (6R)-2-amino-6-[(1R,2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-pteridin-4-one; (6R)-2-Amino-6-[(1R,2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4(1H)-pteridinone; (6R)-2-amino-6-[(1R,2S)-1,2-dihydroxypropyl]-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropteridin-4-one; 2-Amino-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydoro-4(1H)-pteridinone; 2-Amino-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4(3H)-pteridinone; 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin, (S-(r*,s*))-isomer; (6R)-L-Erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin; 6R-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin; 1-Butanone, 1-(2,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl); 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-L-Erythrobiopterin; 6beta-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-L-biopterin; 5,6,7,8-erythro-Tetrahydrobiopterin; (6R)-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-L-biopterin; Phenylalanine hydroxylase cofactor; (6R)-L-Erythro-tetrahydrobiopterin; 6β-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-L-biopterin; (6R)-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin; 6R-L-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin; 6R-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin; 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrodictyopterin; L-erythro-Tetrahydrobiopterin; 2,4,5-Trihydroxybutyrophenone; 2,4,5-trihydroxybutyrophenone; 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin; Sapropterin dihydrochloride; D-threo-Tetrahydrobiopterin; 6R-Tetrahydro-L-biopterin; (6R)-Tetrahydrobiopterin; Trihydroxybutyrophenone; tetrahydro-6-Biopterin; tetrahydrobiopterin; Sapropterinum; Sapropterina; Sapropterin; 6R-BH4; R-THBP; Kuvan; THBP; BPH4; (Rac)-Sapropterin; Tetrahydrobiopterin; Tetrahydro-L-biopterin



数据库引用编号

28 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(24)

BioCyc(8)

PlantCyc(5)

代谢反应

601 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(292)

BioCyc(23)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(3)

PlantCyc(270)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(13)

PharmGKB(0)

6 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 13 AKT1, ARG1, CAT, DDC, DHFR, GCHFR, GUCY1A1, NOS2, NOS3, SPR, TH, VEGFA, XDH
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 1 AGMO
Nucleus 8 AKT1, ARG1, GCHFR, HPSE, NOS2, NOS3, TH, VEGFA
cytosol 13 AKT1, ARG1, CAT, DDC, DHFR, GCHFR, GUCY1A1, NOS2, NOS3, PAH, SPR, TH, XDH
dendrite 2 GCHFR, TH
nucleoplasm 6 AKT1, GCHFR, HPSE, NOS2, NOS3, SPR
Cell membrane 2 AKT1, TNF
lamellipodium 1 AKT1
Cell projection, axon 1 TH
Cytoplasmic granule 1 ARG1
Multi-pass membrane protein 1 AGMO
cell cortex 1 AKT1
cell surface 2 TNF, VEGFA
glutamatergic synapse 2 AKT1, GUCY1A1
Golgi apparatus 2 NOS3, VEGFA
Golgi membrane 2 INS, NOS3
lysosomal membrane 1 HPSE
neuronal cell body 1 TNF
postsynapse 1 AKT1
smooth endoplasmic reticulum 1 TH
synaptic vesicle 1 TH
Cytoplasm, cytosol 2 GCHFR, NOS2
Lysosome 1 HPSE
plasma membrane 5 AKT1, IFNLR1, NOS2, NOS3, TNF
terminal bouton 1 TH
Membrane 6 AGMO, AKT1, CAT, HPSE, IFNLR1, VEGFA
axon 1 TH
caveola 1 NOS3
extracellular exosome 3 CAT, DDC, SPR
endoplasmic reticulum 2 AGMO, VEGFA
extracellular space 7 ARG1, HPSE, IL6, INS, TNF, VEGFA, XDH
lysosomal lumen 1 HPSE
perinuclear region of cytoplasm 3 NOS2, NOS3, TH
adherens junction 1 VEGFA
mitochondrion 4 CAT, DHFR, SPR, TH
protein-containing complex 2 AKT1, CAT
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 2 CAT, HPSE
Single-pass type I membrane protein 1 IFNLR1
Secreted 4 HPSE, IL6, INS, VEGFA
extracellular region 7 ARG1, CAT, HPSE, IL6, INS, TNF, VEGFA
cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane 1 TH
mitochondrial matrix 1 CAT
Nucleus membrane 1 GCHFR
nuclear membrane 1 GCHFR
external side of plasma membrane 1 TNF
Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix 1 VEGFA
perikaryon 1 TH
cytoplasmic vesicle 1 TH
microtubule cytoskeleton 1 AKT1
Melanosome membrane 1 TH
Cytoplasm, P-body 2 NOS2, NOS3
P-body 2 NOS2, NOS3
cell-cell junction 1 AKT1
recycling endosome 1 TNF
Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 TNF
vesicle 1 AKT1
Cytoplasm, perinuclear region 2 NOS2, TH
Membrane raft 2 HPSE, TNF
focal adhesion 1 CAT
spindle 1 AKT1
GABA-ergic synapse 1 GUCY1A1
extracellular matrix 2 HPSE, VEGFA
Peroxisome 3 CAT, NOS2, XDH
sarcoplasmic reticulum 1 XDH
Peroxisome matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal matrix 2 CAT, NOS2
peroxisomal membrane 1 CAT
Mitochondrion intermembrane space 1 AKT1
mitochondrial intermembrane space 1 AKT1
secretory granule 1 VEGFA
neuron projection 1 TH
ciliary basal body 1 AKT1
phagocytic cup 1 TNF
cytoskeleton 1 NOS3
Endomembrane system 1 AGMO
endosome lumen 1 INS
Melanosome 1 GCHFR
Cytoplasm, Stress granule 1 NOS3
cytoplasmic stress granule 1 NOS3
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen 1 CAT
secretory granule lumen 2 CAT, INS
Golgi lumen 1 INS
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 2 IL6, INS
platelet alpha granule lumen 1 VEGFA
specific granule lumen 2 ARG1, HPSE
endocytic vesicle membrane 1 NOS3
transport vesicle 1 INS
azurophil granule lumen 1 ARG1
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane 1 INS
guanylate cyclase complex, soluble 1 GUCY1A1
[Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted 1 TNF
cortical cytoskeleton 1 NOS2
catalase complex 1 CAT
interleukin-6 receptor complex 1 IL6
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle 1 TH
[N-VEGF]: Cytoplasm 1 VEGFA
[VEGFA]: Secreted 1 VEGFA
[Isoform L-VEGF189]: Endoplasmic reticulum 1 VEGFA
[Isoform VEGF121]: Secreted 1 VEGFA
[Isoform VEGF165]: Secreted 1 VEGFA
VEGF-A complex 1 VEGFA
interleukin-28 receptor complex 1 IFNLR1
[C-domain 2]: Secreted 1 TNF
[Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane 1 TNF
[C-domain 1]: Secreted 1 TNF


文献列表

  • Katherine A Kelly, Cristine L Heaps, Guoyao Wu, Vinod Labhasetwar, Cynthia J Meininger. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of tetrahydrobiopterin restores endothelial function in diabetic rats. Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry. 2024 Jul; 148(?):13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.04.009. [PMID: 38642795]
  • Zengyi Liu, Ruixin Kang, Ning Yang, Xiuhua Pan, Jie Yang, Hongjie Yu, Wanli Deng, Zengguang Jia, Jun Zhang, Qi Shen. Tetrahydrobiopterin inhibitor-based antioxidant metabolic strategy for enhanced cancer ferroptosis-immunotherapy. Journal of colloid and interface science. 2024 Mar; 658(?):100-113. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.042. [PMID: 38100967]
  • Zijing Wang, Nan Zhang, Miao Zhang, Yao Jiang, Aik Seng Ng, Esther Bridges, Wei Zhang, Xin Zeng, Qi Luo, Jiabien Liang, Balázs Győrffy, Philip Hublitz, Zhu Liang, Roman Fischer, David Kerr, Adrian L Harris, Shijie Cai. GTP Cyclohydrolase Drives Breast Cancer Development and Promotes EMT in an Enzyme-Independent Manner. Cancer research. 2023 Oct; 83(20):3400-3413. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3471. [PMID: 37463466]
  • Long-Ji Ze, Ping Xu, Jian-Jian Wu, Lin Jin, Ahmad Ali Anjum, Guo-Qing Li. Disruption of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis pathway affects cuticle pigmentation in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata. Journal of insect physiology. 2023 01; 144(?):104457. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2022.104457. [PMID: 36427533]
  • Zongtao Liu, Nianguo Dong, Haipeng Hui, Yixuan Wang, Fayun Liu, Li Xu, Ming Liu, Zhenqi Rao, Zhen Yuan, Yuqiang Shang, Jun Feng, Zhejun Cai, Fei Li. Endothelial cell-derived tetrahydrobiopterin prevents aortic valve calcification. European heart journal. 2022 05; 43(17):1652-1664. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac037. [PMID: 35139535]
  • Katsuya Miyajima, Yusuke Sudo, Sho Sanechika, Yoshitaka Hara, Mieko Horiguchi, Feng Xu, Minori Suzuki, Satoshi Hara, Koichi Tanda, Ken-Ichi Inoue, Masahiko Takada, Nozomu Yoshioka, Hirohide Takebayashi, Masayo Mori-Kojima, Masahiro Sugimoto, Chiho Sumi-Ichinose, Kazunao Kondo, Keizo Takao, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa, Hiroshi Ichinose. Perturbation of monoamine metabolism and enhanced fear responses in mice defective in the regeneration of tetrahydrobiopterin. Journal of neurochemistry. 2022 04; 161(2):129-145. doi: 10.1111/jnc.15600. [PMID: 35233765]
  • Angela V Bisconti, Ryan S Garten, Ryan M Broxterman, Catherine L Jarrett, Soung Hun Park, Katherine L Shields, Heather L Clifton, Stephen M Ratchford, Van Reese, Jia Zhao, D Walter Wray, Russell S Richardson. No effect of acute tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) supplementation on vascular dysfunction in the old. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985). 2022 03; 132(3):773-784. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00711.2021. [PMID: 35112931]
  • Atanu Sen, Archna Singh, Ambuj Roy, Sujata Mohanty, Nitish Naik, Mani Kalaivani, Lakshmy Ramakrishnan. Role of endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) in determining ECFCs functionality in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Scientific reports. 2022 02; 12(1):3076. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-06758-8. [PMID: 35197509]
  • Mina Tamura, Shizuka Seki, Yasuyuki Kakurai, Shuichi Chikada, Kento Wada. Sapropterin for phenylketonuria: A Japanese post-marketing surveillance study. Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society. 2022 Jan; 64(1):e14939. doi: 10.1111/ped.14939. [PMID: 34331785]
  • Kathrin M Engel, Sven Baumann, Janet Blaurock, Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk, Jürgen Schiller, Martin von Bergen, Sonja Grunewald. Differences in the sperm metabolomes of smoking and nonsmoking men†. Biology of reproduction. 2021 12; 105(6):1484-1493. doi: 10.1093/biolre/ioab179. [PMID: 34554205]
  • Muriel Bouly, Marie-Pierre Bourguignon, Susanne Roesch, Pascal Rigouin, Willy Gosgnach, Elodie Bossard, Emilie Royere, Nicolas Diguet, Patricia Sansilvestri-Morel, Ariane Bonnin, Laura Xuereb, Pascal Berson, Michel Komajda, Peter Bernhardt, Benoit Tyl. Aging increases circulating BH2 without modifying BH4 levels and impairs peripheral vascular function in healthy adults. Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine. 2021 12; 238(?):36-48. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.07.004. [PMID: 34332154]
  • Gabor Czibik, Zaineb Mezdari, Dogus Murat Altintas, Juliette Bréhat, Maria Pini, Thomas d'Humières, Thaïs Delmont, Costin Radu, Marielle Breau, Hao Liang, Cecile Martel, Azania Abatan, Rizwan Sarwar, Ophélie Marion, Suzain Naushad, Yanyan Zhang, Maissa Halfaoui, Nadine Suffee, Didier Morin, Serge Adnot, Stéphane Hatem, Arash Yavari, Daigo Sawaki, Geneviève Derumeaux. Dysregulated Phenylalanine Catabolism Plays a Key Role in the Trajectory of Cardiac Aging. Circulation. 2021 08; 144(7):559-574. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.054204. [PMID: 34162223]
  • Katja Schmitz, Sandra Trautmann, Lisa Hahnefeld, Caroline Fischer, Yannick Schreiber, Annett Wilken-Schmitz, Robert Gurke, Robert Brunkhorst, Ernst R Werner, Katrin Watschinger, Sabine Wicker, Dominique Thomas, Gerd Geisslinger, Irmgard Tegeder. Sapropterin (BH4) Aggravates Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice. Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics. 2021 07; 18(3):1862-1879. doi: 10.1007/s13311-021-01043-4. [PMID: 33844153]
  • Shelly A Buffington, Sean W Dooling, Martina Sgritta, Cecilia Noecker, Oscar D Murillo, Daniela F Felice, Peter J Turnbaugh, Mauro Costa-Mattioli. Dissecting the contribution of host genetics and the microbiome in complex behaviors. Cell. 2021 04; 184(7):1740-1756.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.009. [PMID: 33705688]
  • Ricardo Carnicer, Drew Duglan, Klemen Ziberna, Alice Recalde, Svetlana Reilly, Jillian N Simon, Simona Mafrici, Ritu Arya, Esther Roselló-Lletí, Surawee Chuaiphichai, Damian Tyler, Craig A Lygate, Keith M Channon, Barbara Casadei. BH4 Increases nNOS Activity and Preserves Left Ventricular Function in Diabetes. Circulation research. 2021 03; 128(5):585-601. doi: 10.1161/circresaha.120.316656. [PMID: 33494625]
  • Mariluz Soula, Ross A Weber, Omkar Zilka, Hanan Alwaseem, Konnor La, Frederick Yen, Henrik Molina, Javier Garcia-Bermudez, Derek A Pratt, Kıvanç Birsoy. Metabolic determinants of cancer cell sensitivity to canonical ferroptosis inducers. Nature chemical biology. 2020 12; 16(12):1351-1360. doi: 10.1038/s41589-020-0613-y. [PMID: 32778843]
  • Helene Nehring, Svenja Meierjohann, Jose Pedro Friedmann Angeli. Emerging aspects in the regulation of ferroptosis. Biochemical Society transactions. 2020 10; 48(5):2253-2259. doi: 10.1042/bst20200523. [PMID: 33125483]
  • Ronja Hesthammer, Stian Dahle, Jon Peder Storesund, Torunn Eide, Rune Djurhuus, Asbjørn M Svardal, Einar Thorsen. Nitric oxide in exhaled gas and tetrahydrobiopterin in plasma after exposure to hyperoxia. Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc. 2020 Sec; 47(2):197-202. doi: . [PMID: 32574435]
  • Masahide Fujita, Débora da Luz Scheffer, Bruna Lenfers Turnes, Shane J F Cronin, Alban Latrémolière, Michael Costigan, Clifford J Woolf, Alexandra Latini, Nick A Andrews. Sepiapterin Reductase Inhibition Leading to Selective Reduction of Inflammatory Joint Pain in Mice and Increased Urinary Sepiapterin Levels in Humans and Mice. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.). 2020 01; 72(1):57-66. doi: 10.1002/art.41060. [PMID: 31350812]
  • James T Meyer, Brian A Sparling, William J McCarty, Maosheng Zhang, Marcus Soto, Stephen Schneider, Hao Chen, Jonathan Roberts, Helming Tan, Thomas Kornecook, Paul S Andrews, Charles G Knutson. Pharmacological Assessment of Sepiapterin Reductase Inhibition on Tactile Response in the Rat. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 2019 11; 371(2):476-486. doi: 10.1124/jpet.119.257105. [PMID: 31110114]
  • Juan Carlos Torres-Narváez, Israel Pérez-Torres, Vicente Castrejón-Téllez, Elvira Varela-López, Víctor Hugo Oidor-Chan, Verónica Guarner-Lans, Álvaro Vargas-González, Raúl Martínez-Memije, Pedro Flores-Chávez, Etzna Zizith Cervantes-Yañez, Claudia Angélica Soto-Peredo, Gustavo Pastelín-Hernández, Leonardo Del Valle-Mondragón. The Role of the Activation of the TRPV1 Receptor and of Nitric Oxide in Changes in Endothelial and Cardiac Function and Biomarker Levels in Hypertensive Rats. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2019 09; 16(19):. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16193576. [PMID: 31557799]
  • Peyman Eshraghi, Samaneh Noroozi Asl, Sepideh Bagheri, Vajiheh Chalak. Response to sapropterin hydrochloride (Kuvan®) in children with phenylketonuria (PKU): a clinical trial. Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM. 2019 Aug; 32(8):885-888. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0503. [PMID: 31237861]
  • Neil Smith, Nicola Longo, Keith Levert, Keith Hyland, Nenad Blau. Phase I clinical evaluation of CNSA-001 (sepiapterin), a novel pharmacological treatment for phenylketonuria and tetrahydrobiopterin deficiencies, in healthy volunteers. Molecular genetics and metabolism. 2019 04; 126(4):406-412. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.02.001. [PMID: 30922814]
  • M Kuczeriszka, A Walkowska, K H Olszynski, J Rafalowska, J Sadowski, E Kompanowska-Jezierska. Arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin supplementation in rats with salt-induced blood pressure increase: minor hypotensive effect but improvement of renal haemodynamics. Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society. 2019 Apr; 70(2):. doi: 10.26402/jpp.2019.2.05. [PMID: 31356183]
  • Sibtain Ahmed, Hafsa Majid, Lena Jafri, Aysha Habib Khan, Zeba Zulfiqar Ali, Bushra Afroze. Retrospective Study of Patients with Hyperphenylalaninemia- Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in Pakistan. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 2019 04; 69(4):509-513. doi: NULL. [PMID: 31000854]
  • Katja Zschiebsch, Caroline Fischer, Annett Wilken-Schmitz, Gerd Geisslinger, Keith Channon, Katrin Watschinger, Irmgard Tegeder. Mast cell tetrahydrobiopterin contributes to itch in mice. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine. 2019 02; 23(2):985-1000. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.13999. [PMID: 30450838]
  • Marwan Al-Nimer, Rawa Ratha, Taha Mahwi. Utility of Tetrahydrobiopterin Pathway in the Assessment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer: Significant and Complex Interrelations. Journal of diabetes research. 2019; 2019(?):3426878. doi: 10.1155/2019/3426878. [PMID: 31828160]
  • Jaume Campistol Plana. [Early diagnosis of phenylketonuria. Physiopathology of the neuronal damage and therapeutic options]. Medicina. 2019; 79 Suppl 3(?):2-5. doi: NULL. [PMID: 31603834]
  • Jin Hee Jeong, Nichole Lee, Matthew A Tucker, Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez, Jacob Looney, Jeffrey Thomas, Casandra C Derella, Ahmed El-Marakby, Jacqueline B Musall, Jennifer C Sullivan, Kathleen T McKie, Caralee Forseen, Gareth W Davison, Ryan A Harris. Tetrahydrobiopterin improves endothelial function in patients with cystic fibrosis. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985). 2019 01; 126(1):60-66. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00629.2018. [PMID: 30433862]
  • Dalia G Mostafa, Salwa Fares Ahmed, Ola A Hussein. Protective effect of tetrahydrobiopterin on hepatic and renal damage after acute cadmium exposure in male rats. Ultrastructural pathology. 2018 Nov; 42(6):516-531. doi: 10.1080/01913123.2018.1559566. [PMID: 30595070]
  • Kristen D Brantley, Teresa D Douglas, Rani H Singh. One-year follow-up of B vitamin and Iron status in patients with phenylketonuria provided tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Orphanet journal of rare diseases. 2018 10; 13(1):192. doi: 10.1186/s13023-018-0923-2. [PMID: 30373601]
  • Zhiqi Tang, Lijuan Liu, Yujie Guo, Guoxiong Deng, Meixiang Chen, Jinru Wei. Exendin‑4 reverses endothelial dysfunction in mice fed a high‑cholesterol diet by a GTP cyclohydrolase‑1/tetrahydrobiopterin pathway. Molecular medicine reports. 2018 Sep; 18(3):3350-3358. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9345. [PMID: 30085331]
  • Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez, Justin Gregg, Nichole Seigler, Leon Bass, Jeffrey Thomas, Jennifer S Pollock, Jennifer C Sullivan, Thomas A Dillard, Ryan A Harris. Acute Tetrahydrobiopterin Improves Endothelial Function in Patients With COPD. Chest. 2018 09; 154(3):597-606. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.04.028. [PMID: 29705218]
  • Arafat Nasser, Anette Torvin Møller, Vibe Hellmund, Sidsel Salling Thorborg, Cathrine Jespersgaard, Ole J Bjerrum, Erik Dupont, Gösta Nachman, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Troels Staehelin Jensen, Lisbeth Birk Møller. Heterozygous mutations in GTP-cyclohydrolase-1 reduce BH4 biosynthesis but not pain sensitivity. Pain. 2018 Jun; 159(6):1012-1024. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001175. [PMID: 29470312]
  • Jinqiu Wei, Yujiao Zhang, Zhan Li, Ximin Wang, Linlin Chen, Juanjuan Du, Jing Liu, Ju Liu, Yinglong Hou. GCH1 attenuates cardiac autonomic nervous remodeling in canines with atrial-tachypacing via tetrahydrobiopterin pathway regulated by microRNA-206. Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE. 2018 05; 41(5):459-471. doi: 10.1111/pace.13289. [PMID: 29436714]
  • James D Clelland, Laura L Read, Jennifer Smeed, Catherine L Clelland. Regulation of cortical and peripheral GCH1 expression and biopterin levels in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Psychiatry research. 2018 04; 262(?):229-236. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.02.020. [PMID: 29471261]
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