Gene Association: SSBP1
UniProt Search:
SSBP1 (PROTEIN_CODING)
Function Description: single stranded DNA binding protein 1
found 50 associated metabolites with current gene based on the text mining result from the pubmed database.
2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphoric acid
Deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), also known as deoxycytidylic acid or deoxycytidylate in its conjugate acid and conjugate base forms, respectively, is a deoxynucleotide, and one of the four monomers that make up DNA. In a DNA double helix, it will base pair with deoxyguanosine monophosphate. dCMP belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleoside monophosphates. These are pyrimidine nucleotides with a monophosphate group linked to the ribose moiety lacking a hydroxyl group at position 2. Deficiency of the enzyme deoxycytidine kinase (EC2.7.1.74) is associated with resistance to antiviral and anticancer chemotherapeutic agents, whereas increased enzyme activity is associated with increased activation of these compounds to cytotoxic nucleoside triphosphate derivatives. dCMP exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, dCMP participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, dCMP can be converted to dCDP by the enzyme UMP-CMP kinase 2. In addition, dCMP can be converted into deoxycytidine, which is catalyzed by the enzyme cytosolic purine 5-nucleotidase. In humans, dCMP is involved in the metabolic disorder called ump synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria). Outside of the human body, dCMP has been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as turnips, garlics, agaves, garden onions, and italian sweet red peppers. dCMP is a deoxycytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety in the 2-,3- or 5- positions. Deoxycytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A deoxycytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the deoxyribose moiety in the 2-,3- or 5- positions. 2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphoric acid is an endogenous metabolite. 2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphoric acid is an endogenous metabolite.
Deoxyadenosine triphosphate
Deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) is a purine nucleoside triphosphate used in cells for DNA synthesis. A nucleoside triphosphate is a molecule type that contains a nucleoside with three phosphates bound to it. dATP contains the sugar deoxyribose, a precursor to DNA synthesis whereby the two existing phosphate groups are cleaved with the remaining deoxyadenosine monophosphate being incorporated into DNA during replication. Due to its enzymatic incorporation into DNA, photoreactive dATP analogs such as N6-[4-azidobenzoyl–(2-aminoethyl)]-2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-triphosphate (AB-dATP) and N6-[4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-diazirin-3-yl]benzoyl-(2-aminoethyl)]-2′-deoxyadenosine-5′-triphosphate (DB-dATP) have been used for DNA photoaffinity labeling. When present in sufficiently high levels, dATP can act as an immunotoxin and a metabotoxin. An immunotoxin disrupts, limits the function, or destroys immune cells. A metabotoxin is an endogenous metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of deoxyadenosine triphosphate are associated with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism. ADA deficiency damages the immune system and causes severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). People with SCID lack virtually all immune protection from bacteria, viruses, and fungi. They are prone to repeated and persistent infections that can be very serious or life-threatening. These infections are often caused by "opportunistic" organisms that ordinarily do not cause illness in people with a normal immune system. The main symptoms of ADA deficiency are pneumonia, chronic diarrhea, and widespread skin rashes. The mechanism by which dATP functions as an immunotoxin is as follows: a buildup of dATP in cells inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and prevents DNA synthesis, so cells are unable to divide. Since developing T cells and B cells are some of the most mitotically active cells, they are unable to divide and propagate to respond to immune challenges. Animals obtain their energy by oxidation of foods, plants do so by trapping the sunlight using chlorophyll. However, before the energy can be used, it is first transformed into a form which the organism can handle easily. This special carrier of energy is the molecule adenosine triphosphate, or ATP. The ATP molecule is composed of three components. At the centre is a sugar molecule, [[ribose] (the same sugar that forms the basis of DNA). Attached to one side of this is a base (a group consisting of linked rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms); in this case the base is adenine. The other side of the sugar is attached to a string of phosphate groups. These phosphates are the key to the activity of ATP. ATP consists of a base, in this case adenine (red), a ribose (magenta) and a phosphate chain (blue). ATP works by losing the endmost phosphate group when instructed to do so by an enzyme. This reaction releases a lot of energy, which the organism can then use to build proteins, contact muscles, etc. [HMDB]. dATP is found in many foods, some of which are pepper (c. chinense), squashberry, safflower, and brussel sprouts. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
dCTP
Deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is a cytidine nucleotide triphosphate that is used whenever DNA is synthesized, such as in the polymerase chain reaction. e.g.: [HMDB]. dCTP is found in many foods, some of which are canola, cloud ear fungus, sesbania flower, and butternut. Deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is a cytidine nucleotide triphosphate that is used whenever DNA is synthesized, such as in the polymerase chain reaction. e.g.:.
2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate
2-Deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate, also known as deoxyguanylic acid or 2-deoxy-GMP, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine 2-deoxyribonucleoside monophosphates. These are purine nucleotides with monophosphate group linked to the ribose moiety lacking a hydroxyl group at position 2. 2-Deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate is a purine 2-deoxyribonucleoside 5-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase. It exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, 2-deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, 2-deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate can be converted into dGDP which is mediated by the enzyme guanylate kinase. In addition, 2-deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate can be converted into deoxyguanosine through its interaction with the enzyme cytosolic purine 5-nucleotidase. In humans, 2-deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate is involved in the metabolic disorder called the gout or kelley-seegmiller syndrome pathway. 2-Deoxyguanosine 5-monophosphate is a derivative of the common nucleic acid GTP, or guanosine triphosphate, in which the -OH (hydroxyl) group on the 2 carbon on the nucleotides pentose has been removed (hence the deoxy- part of the name). Additionally, the diphosphate of the name indicates that two of the phosphoryl groups of GTP have been removed, most likely by hydrolysis . [HMDB] Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Dihydrofolic acid
Dihydrofolic acid is a folic acid derivative acted upon by dihydrofolate reductase to produce tetrahydrofolic acid. It interacts with bacteria during cell division. It can be targeted with drug analogs to prevent nucleic acid synthesis. Dihydrofolic acid is also known by the name Dihydrofolate - more commonly Vitamin B9. [HMDB] Dihydrofolic acid is a folic acid derivative acted upon by dihydrofolate reductase to produce tetrahydrofolic acid. It interacts with bacteria during cell division. It can be targeted with drug analogs to prevent nucleic acid synthesis. Dihydrofolic acid is also known by the name Dihydrofolate - more commonly Vitamin B9. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Dihydrofolic acid is a folic acid derivative acted upon by dihydrofolate reductase to produce tetrahydrofolic acid.
Phosphonoacetate
Phosphonoacetate, also known as fosfonet or phosphonacetic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as organic phosphonic acids. These are organic compounds containing phosphonic acid. Phosphonoacetate exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J05 - Antivirals for systemic use > J05A - Direct acting antivirals > J05AD - Phosphonic acid derivatives A simple organophosphorus compound that inhibits DNA polymerase, especially in viruses and is used as an antiviral agent. [HMDB] D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents > D018894 - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C29575 - DNA Polymerase Inhibitor C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C281 - Antiviral Agent KEIO_ID P082 Phosphonoacetic acid is an endogenous metabolite. Phosphonoacetic acid also has anti-orthopoxvirus activity[1].
1-Methyladenine
1-Methyladenine is the product of reaction between 1-methyladenosine and water which is catalyzed by 1-methyladenosine nucleosidase (EC:3.2.2.13). 1-Methyladenine is a product of alkylation damage in DNA which can be repaired by damage reversal by oxidative demethylation, a reaction requiring ferrous iron and 2-oxoglutarate as cofactor and co-substrate, respectively (PMID:15576352). 1-Methyladenine is found to be associated with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. 1-Methyladenine is the product of reaction between 1-methyladenosine and water which is catalyzed by 1-methyladenosine nucleosidase. (EC:3.2.2.13) KEIO_ID M074
Thymidine 5'-triphosphate
Thymidine-5-triphosphate, also known as ttp or deoxythymidine 5-triphosphoric acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. Pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates are pyrimidine nucleotides with a triphosphate group linked to the ribose moiety lacking a hydroxyl group at position 2. Thymidine-5-triphosphate is slightly soluble (in water) and an extremely strong acidic compound (based on its pKa). Thymidine-5-triphosphate can be found in a number of food items such as kohlrabi, garden tomato (variety), cardoon, and star anise, which makes thymidine-5-triphosphate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Thymidine-5-triphosphate exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, thymidine-5-triphosphate is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism. Thymidine-5-triphosphate is also involved in few metabolic disorders, which include beta ureidopropionase deficiency, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, MNGIE (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy), and UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria). Deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) is one of the four nucleoside triphosphates that are used in the in vivo synthesis of DNA. Unlike the other deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, thymidine triphosphate does not always contain the "deoxy" prefix in its name. The corresponding ribonucleoside triphosphate is called uridine triphosphate. Thymidine 5-triphosphate, also known as TTP or DTHD5ppp, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. These are pyrimidine nucleotides with a triphosphate group linked to the ribose moiety lacking a hydroxyl group at position 2. Thymidine 5-triphosphate exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Outside of the human body, Thymidine 5-triphosphate has been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as elliotts blueberries, mamey sapotes, sesames, alliums, and sweet oranges.
2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate
Deoxyadenosine monophosphate (dAMP), also known as deoxyadenylic acid or deoxyadenylate in its conjugate acid and conjugate base forms, respectively, is a derivative of the common nucleic acid AMP, or adenosine monophosphate, in which the -OH (hydroxyl) group on the 2 carbon on the nucleotides pentose has been reduced to just a hydrogen atom (hence the "deoxy-" part of the name). Additionally, the monophosphate of the name indicates that two of the phosphoryl groups of GTP have been removed, most likely by hydrolysis. It is a monomer used in DNA. Adenosine is a nucleoside comprised of adenine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) moiety via a -N9-glycosidic bond. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage[1]. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage[1].
Deoxyribose 5-phosphate
Deoxyribose 5-phosphate is a a metabolite in the pentose phosphate pathway. It can be generated from D-glyceraldehdye-3 phosphate via the enzyme 2-Deoxyribose 5-phosphate aldolase (DERA). Alternately Deoxyribose 5-phosphate can be converted to D-glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate that can then feed into the pentose phosphate pathway. Deoxyribose 5-phosphate can also be generated from 2-Deoxy-D-ribose via the enzyme Ribokinase (EC 2.7.1.15). It has been shown in a number of organisms that deoxynucleosides or deoxyriboses cause the induction of aldolases (such as DERA) involved in their catabolism, leading to the utilisation of the pentose moiety as carbon and energy source. [HMDB] Deoxyribose 5-phosphate is a a metabolite in the pentose phosphate pathway. It can be generated from D-glyceraldehdye-3 phosphate via the enzyme 2-Deoxyribose 5-phosphate aldolase (DERA). Alternately Deoxyribose 5-phosphate can be converted to D-glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate that can then feed into the pentose phosphate pathway. Deoxyribose 5-phosphate can also be generated from 2-Deoxy-D-ribose via the enzyme Ribokinase (EC 2.7.1.15). It has been shown in a number of organisms that deoxynucleosides or deoxyriboses cause the induction of aldolases (such as DERA) involved in their catabolism, leading to the utilisation of the pentose moiety as carbon and energy source. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID D026
Acetosyringone
Acetosyringone is a member of the class of acetophenones that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and methoxy groups at positions 3 and 5. It has a role as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, an anti-asthmatic drug, a non-narcotic analgesic, a peripheral nervous system drug and a plant metabolite. It is a member of acetophenones, a dimethoxybenzene and a member of phenols. Acetosyringone is a natural product found in Justicia adhatoda, Polyporus umbellatus, and other organisms with data available. Acetosyringone is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A member of the class of acetophenones that is 1-phenylethanone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and methoxy groups at positions 3 and 5. D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D019141 - Respiratory System Agents > D018927 - Anti-Asthmatic Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents Annotation level-1 Acetosyringone is a phenolic compound from wounded plant cells, enables virA gene which encodes a membrane-bound kinase to phosphorylate itself and activate the virG gene product, which stimulates the transcription of other vir genes and itself[1]. Acetosyringone enhances efficient Dunaliella transformation of Agrobacterium strains[2]. Acetosyringone is a phenolic compound from wounded plant cells, enables virA gene which encodes a membrane-bound kinase to phosphorylate itself and activate the virG gene product, which stimulates the transcription of other vir genes and itself[1]. Acetosyringone enhances efficient Dunaliella transformation of Agrobacterium strains[2].
Perindopril
Perindopril is a nonsulfhydryl prodrug that belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of medications. It is rapidly metabolized in the liver to perindoprilat, its active metabolite, following oral administration. Perindoprilat is a potent, competitive inhibitor of ACE, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I (ATI) to angiotensin II (ATII). ATII regulates blood pressure and is a key component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Perindopril may be used to treat mild to moderate essential hypertension, mild to moderate congestive heart failure, and to reduce the cardiovascular risk of individuals with hypertension or post-myocardial infarction and stable coronary disease. C - Cardiovascular system > C09 - Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system > C09A - Ace inhibitors, plain > C09AA - Ace inhibitors, plain D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D000806 - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C783 - Protease Inhibitor > C247 - ACE Inhibitor D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents Perindopril (S-9490) is an orally available, long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Perindopril inhibits inflammatory cell influx and intimal thickening, preserving elastin on the inside of the aorta. Perindopril effectively inhibits experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation in a rat model and reduces pulmonary vasoconstriction in rats with pulmonary hypertension[1][2][3][4].
aphidicolin
A tetracyclic diterpenoid that has an tetradecahydro-8,11a-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene skeleton with two hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 4 and 9, two methyl substituents at positions 4 and 11b and two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9. An antibiotic with antiviral and antimitotical properties. Aphidicolin is a reversible inhibitor of eukaryotic nuclear DNA replication. D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors
Moexipril
Moexipril is a non-sulfhydryl containing precursor of the active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor moexiprilat. It is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). It works by relaxing blood vessels, causing them to widen. Lowering high blood pressure helps prevent strokes, heart attacks and kidney problems. C - Cardiovascular system > C09 - Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system > C09A - Ace inhibitors, plain > C09AA - Ace inhibitors, plain D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D000806 - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C783 - Protease Inhibitor > C247 - ACE Inhibitor D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents
2,4,6-Trichlorphenol
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 995; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5132; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5129 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 995; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5120; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5119 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 995; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5105; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5103 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 995; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5177; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5173 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 995; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5144; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5142 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 995; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX508; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 5144; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 5143 CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 8137 D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens
N6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine
KEIO_ID M110; [MS2] KO009042 KEIO_ID M110 N-6-Methyl-2-deoxyadenosine is an adenine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
Hydroxyhydroquinone
1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Hydroxyhydroquinone), a by-product of coffee bean roasting, increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rat thymic lymphocytes[1]. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Hydroxyhydroquinone), a by-product of coffee bean roasting, increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rat thymic lymphocytes[1].
Pyrimidine
Pyrimidine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound similar to benzene and pyridine, containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the six-member ring. Pyrimidines are heterocyclic, six-membered, nitrogen-containing carbon ring structures, with uracil, cytosine and thymine being the basal structures of ribose-containing nucleosides (uridine, cytidine and thymidine respectively), or deoxyribose-containing deoxynucleosides, and their corresponding ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides. Pyrimidines serve essential functions in human metabolism as ribonucleotide bases in RNA (uracil and cytosine), and as deoxyribonucleotide bases in DNA (cytosine and thymine), and are linked by phosphodiester bridges to purine nucleotides in double-stranded DNA, in both the nucleus and the mitochondria. Pyrimidine activated sugars are also involved in polysaccharide and phospholipid synthesis, glucuronidation in detoxification processes, glycosylation of proteins and lipids and in the recently identified novel endothelium-derived vasoactive dinucleotides. Pyrimidines are synthesized de novo from simple precursors. Synthesis occurs in six steps, with cellular compartmentalization of specific steps in the cytosol or mitochondria, enabling changes in metabolic rate with need. Pyrimidine synthesis differs from purine synthesis, in that the single pyrimidine ring is assembled first and is then linked to ribose phosphate to form UMP. The enzymes that catalyse UMP synthesis, CAD [carbamoylphosphate synthetase II (CPSII), aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCasea) and dihydroorotase (DHOase)], dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) and uridine monophosphate synthase (UMPS), are encoded by only three genes - CAD, DHODH and UMPS (chromosomal locations 2p21, 16q22 and 3q13, respectively). (PMID:16098809). Pyrimidine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound similar to benzene and pyridine, containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the six-member ring. Pyrimidines are heterocyclic, six-membered, nitrogen-containing carbon ring structures, with uracil, cytosine and thymine being the basal structures of ribose-containing nucleosides (uridine, cytidine and thymidine respectively), or deoxyribose-containing deoxynucleosides, and their corresponding ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides. Pyrimidines serve essential functions in human metabolism as ribonucleotide bases in RNA (uracil and cytosine), and as deoxyribonucleotide bases in DNA (cytosine and thymine), and are linked by phosphodiester bridges to purine nucleotides in double-stranded DNA, in both the nucleus and the mitochondria. Pyrimidine activated sugars are also involved in polysaccharide and phospholipid synthesis, glucuronidation in detoxification processes, glycosylation of proteins and lipids and in the recently identified novel endothelium-derived vasoactive dinucleotides. Pyrimidine is an endogenous metabolite.
dGTP
Deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate, and a nucleotide precursor used in cells for DNA synthesis. dGTP is used in the polymerase chain reaction technique, in sequencing, and in cloning. It is also the competitor of inhibition onset by acyclovir in the treatment of HSV virus. Under normal physiologic conditions, deoxyguanosine (dGuo) undergoes phosphorolysis by purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP, EC 2.4.2.1, an enzyme involved in the recycling of nucleosides and deoxynucleosides in cellular remodeling). However, when PNP is inhibited, deoxycytidine kinase (dCK, EC 2.7.1.74) shunts unmetabolized dGuo into deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP), which accumulates and blocks DNA synthesis. Deficiency of purine nucleoside phosphorylase results in defective T-cell immunity. A correlation between the degree of T cell inhibition and the level of dCK activity has been observed. (PMID:11287638, 402573). Under normal physiologic conditions, deoxyguanosine (dGuo) undergoes phosphorolysis by purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP, EC 2.4.2.1, an enzyme involved in the recycling of nucleosides and deoxynucleosides in cellular remodeling). However, when PNP is inhibited, deoxycytidine kinase (dCK, EC 2.7.1.74) shunts unmetabolized dGuo into deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP), which accumulates and blocks DNA synthesis. Deficiency of purine nucleoside phosphorylase results in defective T-cell immunity. A correlation between the degree of T cell inhibition and the level of dCK activity is observed. (PMID: 11287638, 402573) [HMDB]. dGTP is found in many foods, some of which are jews ear, evergreen huckleberry, cumin, and red algae. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
3-Hydroxypropanal
3-Hydroxypropanal is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial substance termed reuterin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri. L. reuteri resides in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy humans and animals, and is believed to. function as a symbiont in the enteric ecosystem. Synthesis of such an antimicrobial substance by an enteric resident raises a number of interesting questions and possibilities as to the role these residents may play in the health of the host. (PMID 3245697). In vivo, glycerol is converted in one enzymatic step into 3-Hydroxypropanal. The 3-Hydroxypropanal -producing Lactobacillus reuteri is used as a probiotic in the health care of humans and animals. 3-Hydroxypropanal forms, together with Hydroxypropanal-hydrate and Hydroxypropanal-dimer, a dynamic, multi-component system (Hydroxypropanal system) used in food preservation, as a precursor for many modern chemicals such as acrolein, acrylic acid, and 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO), and for polymer production. 3-Hydroxypropanal can be obtained both through traditional chemistry and bacterial fermentation. To date, 3-HPA has been produced from petrochemical resources as an intermediate in 1,3-PDO production. The biotechnological production of 3-Hydroxypropanal from renewable resources is desirable both for use of 3-Hydroxypropanal in foods and for the production of bulk chemicals. The main challenge will be the efficient production and recovery of pure 3-Hydroxypropanal. (PMID 14669058). 3-Hydroxypropanal is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial substance termed reuterin produced by Lactobacillus reuteri. L. reuteri resides in the gastrointestinal tract of healthy humans and animals, and is believed to Reuterin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent active against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, as well as yeasts, moulds and protozoa. Reuterin is produced by specific strains of Lactobacillus reuteri during anaerobic metabolism of glycerol. Reuterin also demonstrates potent antimicrobial activity against a broad panel of human and poultry meat campylobacter spp. Isolates[1][2]. Reuterin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=2134-29-4 (retrieved 2024-12-12) (CAS RN: 2134-29-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Adenosine tetraphosphate
Adenosine 5 tetraphosphate, Ap4, is a natural nucleotide present in many biological systems. This nucleotide has been found as a constituent of the nucleotide pool present in the aqueous humor of a number of mammals and appears to act as a regulator of intraocular pressure (PMID: 14600249). AP4 may also play a significant role in the physiological regulation of vascular tone (PMID: 8599250). The plasma concentration of AP4 is in the nanomolar range. Technically adenosine tetraphosphate is condensation product of adenosine with tetraphosphoric acid at the 5 position. Acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase (EC 6.2.1.1) catalyzes the synthesis of adenosine 5-tetraphosphate (P4A) and adenosine 5-pentaphosphate (p5A) from ATP and tri- or tetrapolyphosphate (P3 or P4). [HMDB] Adenosine 5 tetraphosphate, Ap4, is a natural nucleotide present in many biological systems. This nucleotide has been found as a constituent of the nucleotide pool present in the aqueous humor of a number of mammals and appears to act as a regulator of intraocular pressure (PMID: 14600249). AP4 may also play a significant role in the physiological regulation of vascular tone (PMID: 8599250). The plasma concentration of AP4 is in the nanomolar range. Technically adenosine tetraphosphate is condensation product of adenosine with tetraphosphoric acid at the 5 position. Acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase (EC 6.2.1.1) catalyzes the synthesis of adenosine 5-tetraphosphate (P4A) and adenosine 5-pentaphosphate (p5A) from ATP and tri- or tetrapolyphosphate (P3 or P4).
Foscarnet
Foscarnet is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV. [PubChem]Foscarnet exerts its antiviral activity by a selective inhibition at the pyrophosphate binding site on virus-specific DNA polymerases at concentrations that do not affect cellular DNA polymerases. J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J05 - Antivirals for systemic use > J05A - Direct acting antivirals > J05AD - Phosphonic acid derivatives C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1589 - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor > C97453 - Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents > D018894 - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C281 - Antiviral Agent
Telomestatin
Telomestatin is a naturally occurring organic compound classified as a cyclic phenolphthioceramide derivative. It is isolated from the fermentation broth of microorganisms and is known for its antitumor properties. The name "telomestatin" reflects its primary mode of action, which is the inhibition of telomerase, an enzyme crucial for the maintenance of chromosome stability and cell proliferation, particularly in cancer cells where telomerase activity is often elevated. Telomerase is responsible for adding repetitive DNA sequences called telomeres to the ends of chromosomes, which prevents the loss of genetic material during DNA replication and cell division. By inhibiting telomerase, telomestatin interferes with the ability of cancer cells to divide and proliferate, making it a potential candidate for antitumor therapy. The compound's unique chemical structure allows it to bind specifically to the telomerase RNA component, thereby blocking the enzyme's activity. The discovery and study of telomestatin have contributed to the understanding of telomerase biology and the development of potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
5-Formyluracil
A pyrimidone resulting from the formal oxidation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 5-hydroxymethyluracil to the corresponding aldehyde. It is a major one-electron photooxidation product of thymine in oligodeoxynucleotides. D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens
Perindopril
C - Cardiovascular system > C09 - Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system > C09A - Ace inhibitors, plain > C09AA - Ace inhibitors, plain D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D000806 - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C783 - Protease Inhibitor > C247 - ACE Inhibitor D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3026 Perindopril (S-9490) is an orally available, long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Perindopril inhibits inflammatory cell influx and intimal thickening, preserving elastin on the inside of the aorta. Perindopril effectively inhibits experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation in a rat model and reduces pulmonary vasoconstriction in rats with pulmonary hypertension[1][2][3][4].
Deoxyadenosine monophosphate
COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.057 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.056 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage[1]. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate, a nucleic acid AMP derivative, is a deoxyribonucleotide found in DNA. 2′-Deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate can be used to study adenosine-based interactions during DNA synthesis and DNA damage[1].
2-Deoxy-5-Guanylic Acid
COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.057 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.055
PYRIMIDINE
The parent compound of the pyrimidines; a diazine having the two nitrogens at the 1- and 3-positions. Pyrimidine is an endogenous metabolite.
Phosphonoacetic acid
J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J05 - Antivirals for systemic use > J05A - Direct acting antivirals > J05AD - Phosphonic acid derivatives D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents > D018894 - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C29575 - DNA Polymerase Inhibitor C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C281 - Antiviral Agent Phosphonoacetic acid is an endogenous metabolite. Phosphonoacetic acid also has anti-orthopoxvirus activity[1].
2-Deoxyadenosine 5-triphosphate
COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
c0264
1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Hydroxyhydroquinone), a by-product of coffee bean roasting, increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rat thymic lymphocytes[1]. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Hydroxyhydroquinone), a by-product of coffee bean roasting, increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rat thymic lymphocytes[1].
foscarnet
J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J05 - Antivirals for systemic use > J05A - Direct acting antivirals > J05AD - Phosphonic acid derivatives C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1589 - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor > C97453 - Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents > D018894 - Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D019384 - Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C281 - Antiviral Agent
1,2,4-BENZENETRIOL
A benzenetriol carrying hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 4. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Hydroxyhydroquinone), a by-product of coffee bean roasting, increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rat thymic lymphocytes[1]. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Hydroxyhydroquinone), a by-product of coffee bean roasting, increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration in rat thymic lymphocytes[1].
Moexipril
C - Cardiovascular system > C09 - Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system > C09A - Ace inhibitors, plain > C09AA - Ace inhibitors, plain D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D000806 - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C783 - Protease Inhibitor > C247 - ACE Inhibitor D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents
Dihydrofolic acid
A folic acid derivative acted upon by dihydrofolate reductase to produce tetrahydrofolic acid. It interacts with bacteria during cell division and is targeted by various drugs to prevent nucleic acid synthesis. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Dihydrofolic acid is a folic acid derivative acted upon by dihydrofolate reductase to produce tetrahydrofolic acid.
2-Deoxyguanosine-5-triphosphate
COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
THYMIDINE-5-triphosphATE
A thymidine phosphate having a triphosphate group at the 5-position.
Deoxycytidine 5-monophosphate
A pyrimidine 2-deoxyribonucleoside 5-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase. 2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphoric acid is an endogenous metabolite. 2'-Deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphoric acid is an endogenous metabolite.
3-Hydroxypropanal
Reuterin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent active against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, as well as yeasts, moulds and protozoa. Reuterin is produced by specific strains of Lactobacillus reuteri during anaerobic metabolism of glycerol. Reuterin also demonstrates potent antimicrobial activity against a broad panel of human and poultry meat campylobacter spp. Isolates[1][2].
(METHYLTHIO)ACETICACID
A sulfur-containing carboxylic consisting of thioglycolic acid carrying an S-methyl substituent.
2-Deoxy-D-ribofuranose 5-phosphate
The furanose form of 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate.
