Classification Term: 50
Pyridines and derivatives (ontology term: CHEMONTID:0000089)
Compounds containing a pyridine ring, which is a six-member aromatic heterocycle which consists of one nitrogen atom and five carbon atoms." []
found 77 associated metabolites at class metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: Organoheterocyclic compounds
Child Taxonomies: Pheniramines, Aminopyridines and derivatives, Bipyridines and oligopyridines, Pyridinecarboxylic acids and derivatives, Pyridinium derivatives, Pyridinesulfonamides, Pyridoxines, Pyridoxamines, Pyrrolidinylpyridines, Pyrazolylpyridines, Pyridine carboxaldehydes, Hydropyridines, Phenylpyridines, Pyridyltriazoles, Halopyridines, 3-pyridinecarbonitriles, Hydroxypyridines, Methylpyridines, 2-pyridylmethylamines, Pyridinolates
Ethionamide
Ethionamide is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis. It also may be used for treatment of leprosy. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p868)Ethionamide may be bacteriostatic or bactericidal in action, depending on the concentration of the drug attained at the site of infection and the susceptibility of the infecting organism. Ethionamide, like prothionamide and pyrazinamide, is a nicotinic acid derivative related to isoniazid. It is thought that ethionamide undergoes intracellular modification and acts in a similar fashion to isoniazid. Isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycoloic acids, an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. Specifically isoniazid inhibits InhA, the enoyl reductase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, by forming a covalent adduct with the NAD cofactor. It is the INH-NAD adduct that acts as a slow, tight-binding competitive inhibitor of InhA. Ethionamide. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=536-33-4 (retrieved 2024-07-12) (CAS RN: 536-33-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Ethionamide (2-ethylthioisonicotinamide) is a second-line anti-tuberculosis antibiotic.
Pyridine
Pyridine is a clear liquid with an odor that is sour, putrid, and fish-like. It is a relatively simple heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that is structurally related to benzene, with one CH group in the six-membered ring replaced by a nitrogen atom. Pyridine is obtained from crude coal tar or is synthesized from acetaldehyde, formaldehyde and ammonia. Pyridine is often used as a denaturant for antifreeze mixtures, for ethyl alcohol, for fungicides, and as a dyeing aid for textiles. It is a harmful substance if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through the skin. In particular, it is known to reduce male fertility and is considered carcinogenic. Common symptoms of acute exposure to pyridine include: headache, coughing, asthmatic breathing, laryngitis, nausea and vomiting. -- Wikipedia. Flavouring ingredient. Pyridine is found in many foods, some of which are kohlrabi, red bell pepper, green bell pepper, and papaya. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8135 KEIO_ID P041
Myosmine
Myosmine is a member of the class of pyridines that is pyridine substituted by a 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-5-yl group at position 3. It is an alkaloid found in tobacco plants and exhibits genotoxic effects. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor and a mutagen. It is a pyrroline and a pyridine alkaloid. Myosmine is a natural product found in Euglena gracilis, Nicotiana tabacum, and Duboisia hopwoodii with data available. A member of the class of pyridines that is pyridine substituted by a 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-5-yl group at position 3. It is an alkaloid found in tobacco plants and exhibits genotoxic effects. Present in hazelnuts and peanuts. Myosmine is found in papaya and nuts. Myosmine is found in nuts. Myosmine is present in hazelnuts and peanut KEIO_ID M172 Myosmine, a specific tobacco alkaloid in nuts and nut products, has low affinity for a4b2 nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors (nAChR) with a Ki of 3300 nM[1][2]. Myosmine, a specific tobacco alkaloid in nuts and nut products, has low affinity for a4b2 nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors (nAChR) with a Ki of 3300 nM[1][2].
(S)-Valerianine
Alkaloid from roots of Valeriana officinalis (valerian). (S)-Valerianine is found in tea, fats and oils, and herbs and spices. (S)-Valerianine is found in fats and oils. (S)-Valerianine is an alkaloid from roots of Valeriana officinalis (valerian).
Pyricarbate
C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Same as: D01396
4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol
4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol belongs to the family of Pyridines and Derivatives. These are compounds containing a pyridine ring, which is a six-member aromatic heterocycle which consists of one nitrogen atom and five carbon atoms.
5-(3-Pyridyl)-2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran
5-(3-Pyridyl)-2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran is classified as a pyridine or a Pyridine derivative. Pyridines are compounds containing a pyridine ring, which is a six-member aromatic heterocycle which consists of one nitrogen atom and five carbon atoms. 5-(3-Pyridyl)-2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran is considered to be soluble (in water) and relatively neutral
4-Hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoic acid
4-Hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoic acid is a nitrosonornicotine metabolite derived from tobacco smoke. (PMID: 796709). This nicotine-related compound was separated by HPLC as a cotinine metabolite in human urine and an urinary metabolites of (methylnitrosamino)(pyridyl)butanone in rats. (MID: 10362230). 4-Hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoic acid is a nitrosonornicotine metabolite derived from tobacco smoke. (PMID: 796709)
alpha-[3-[(Hydroxymethyl)nitrosoamino]propyl]-3-pyridinemethanol
alpha-[3-[(Hydroxymethyl)nitrosoamino]propyl]-3-pyridinemethanol is considered to be slightly soluble (in water) and relatively neutral
alpha-[3-(Nitrosoamino)propyl]-3-pyridinemethanol
C9H13N3O2 (195.10077180000002)
alpha-[3-(Nitrosoamino)propyl]-3-pyridinemethanol is considered to be slightly soluble (in water) and acidic
1-(3-Pyridinyl)-1,4-butanediol
1-(3-Pyridinyl)-1,4-butanediol is considered to be soluble (in water) and relatively neutral
2-Pyridylacetic acid
2-Pyridylacetic acid is a metabolite of betahistine. Betahistine hydrochloride (brand names Serc, Hiserk, Betaserc) is an antivertigo drug. It was first registered in Europe in 1970 for the treatment of Ménières disease. It is commonly prescribed to patients with balance disorders or to alleviate vertigo symptoms associated with Ménières disease. (Wikipedia)
3-Pyridylacetic acid
3-Pyridylacetic acid is a breakdown product of nicotine (and other tobacco alkaloids) and is part of the nicotine degradation pathway. It is formed from 4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoate. One alkaloid in particular, myosmine, appears to be a major source for 3-pyridylacetic acid. The alkaloid myosmine is present not only in tobacco products but also in various foods. Myosmine is easily nitrosated, yielding 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB) and the esophageal tobacco carcinogen N-nitrosonornicotine. The two major metabolites of myosmine metabolism have been identified as 3-pyridylacetic acid (20-26\\\%) and 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)butyric acid (50-60\\\%) (PMID: 16079272). 3-pyridylacetatic acid is an analog of nicotinic acid. (PMID 13898750) [HMDB] 3-Pyridylacetic acid is a breakdown product of nicotine (and other tobacco alkaloids) and is part of the nicotine degradation pathway. It is formed from 4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoate. One alkaloid in particular, myosmine, appears to be a major source for 3-pyridylacetic acid. The alkaloid myosmine is present not only in tobacco products but also in various foods. Myosmine is easily nitrosated, yielding 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB) and the esophageal tobacco carcinogen N-nitrosonornicotine. The two major metabolites of myosmine metabolism have been identified as 3-pyridylacetic acid (20-26\\\%) and 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)butyric acid (50-60\\\%) (PMID:16079272). 3-pyridylacetatic acid is an analog of nicotinic acid. (PMID 13898750). 3-Pyridineacetic acid is a higher homologue of nicotinic acid, a breakdown product of nicotine (and other tobacco alkaloids)[1][2].
9-O-Methylcoumestrol
9-O-Methylcoumestrol is found in alfalfa. 9-O-Methylcoumestrol is isolated from Cicer arietinum (chickpea), Myroxylon balsamum (Tolu balsam), Pisum sativum (pea) and Trifolium pratense (red clover).
Metyrapol
C14H16N2O (228.12625659999998)
Metyrapol is a metabolite of metyrapone. Metyrapone (trade name Metopirone) is a drug used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency and occasionally in the treatment of Cushings syndrome (hypercortisolism). (Wikipedia)
Surugatoxin
C25H26BrN5O13 (683.0710406000001)
Surugatoxin is found in mollusks. Marine toxin, causing shellfish poisoning Surugatoxin is a type of venom found in the Japanese ivory mollusk (Babylonia japonica). It functions as a ganglionic blocker
Venoterpine
Venoterpine is found in alcoholic beverages. Venoterpine is an alkaloid from Gentiana lutea (yellow gentian
3-Ethylpyridine
Present in cooked chicken, cooked beef, beer, coffee, black tea, and raw fish. Flavouring ingredient. 3-Ethylpyridine is found in many foods, some of which are animal foods, alcoholic beverages, fishes, and coffee and coffee products. 3-Ethylpyridine is found in alcoholic beverages. 3-Ethylpyridine is present in cooked chicken, cooked beef, beer, coffee, black tea, and raw fish. 3-Ethylpyridine is a flavouring ingredien
Norcotinine
Norcotinine is a metabolite of nicotine. It has been detected in smokers urine (about 1\\% of total nicotine and metabolites). Two pathways for its formation are possible, demethylation of cotinine or oxidative metabolism of nornicotine. Animal and human studies have demonstrated the existence of both of these pathways. [HMDB] Norcotinine is a metabolite of nicotine. It has been detected in smokers urine (about 1\\% of total nicotine and metabolites). Two pathways for its formation are possible, demethylation of cotinine or oxidative metabolism of nornicotine. Animal and human studies have demonstrated the existence of both of these pathways.
3-Pyridinebutanoic acid
3-Pyridinebutanoic acid is a nicotine degradation product. It can be formed from the hydration or reduction of 4-(3-pyridyl)-3-butenoate. 3-Pyridinebutanoic acid can decompose to 3-Pyridylacetate. [HMDB] 3-Pyridinebutanoic acid is a nicotine degradation product. It can be formed from the hydration or reduction of 4-(3-pyridyl)-3-butenoate. 3-Pyridinebutanoic acid can decompose to 3-Pyridylacetate.
4-(3-Pyridyl)-3-butenoic acid
This compound is a reactant in the pathways: nicotine degradation II and nicotine degradation III, where it is converted into 4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoate. This is one of the hypothesized intermediate reactions of nicotine being converted to 3-pyridylacetate. (BioCyc) This compound is likely associated with nicotine accumulation disorders. [HMDB] This compound is a reactant in the pathways: nicotine degradation II and nicotine degradation III, where it is converted into 4-(3-pyridyl)-butanoate. This is one of the hypothesized intermediate reactions of nicotine being converted to 3-pyridylacetate. (BioCyc) This compound is likely associated with nicotine accumulation disorders.
2-Propylpyridine
2-Propylpyridine is used as a food additive [EAFUS] ("EAFUS: Everything Added to Food in the United States. [http://www.eafus.com/]")
3-Butylpyridine
3-Butylpyridine is found in sweet orange. 3-Butylpyridine is a maillard product. Maillard product. 3-Butylpyridine is found in tea and sweet orange.
3-Pentylpyridine
3-Pentylpyridine is found in animal foods. 3-Pentylpyridine is a minor constituent of roast lamb fat. 3-Pentylpyridine is present in tobacco smoke condensat 3-Pentylpyridine is a minor constituent of roast lamb fat. It is found in tobacco smoke condensate, sweet orange and animal foods.
2-Pentylpyridine
Maillard production formed by thermal interaction of
2-(3-Phenylpropyl)pyridine
2-(3-Phenylpropyl)pyridine is a flavouring ingredien Flavouring ingredient
3-(2-Methylpropyl)pyridine
3-(2-Methylpropyl)pyridine is a flavouring ingredient. Flavouring ingredient
2-(2-Methylpropyl)pyridine
2-(2-Methylpropyl)pyridine is a flavouring ingredient. Flavouring ingredient
3-Hexylpyridine
3-Hexylpyridine is found in orange oil. Perfumery and flavouring ingredient. Found in orange oil. Perfumery and flavouring ingredient
2-Pyridinemethanethiol
2-Pyridinemethanethiol is a flavouring ingredient. Flavouring ingredient
Ethionamide sulphoxide
Ethionamide sulphoxide is a metabolite of ethionamide. Ethionamide (2-ethylthioisonicotinamide, Trecator SC) is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis. Ethionamide works to induce expression of EthA, a NAD derivative which is toxic to fungi. The resistance mechanism of this drug is through EthR, resistance is common. Therefore, EthR inhibitors are of great interest. It is a prodrug. It has been proposed for use in combination with gatifloxacin. The action may be through disruption of mycolic acid. (Wikipedia)
3S-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA
3S-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA is classified as a member of the Long-chain fatty acyl CoAs. Long-chain fatty acyl CoAs are acyl CoAs where the group acylated to the coenzyme A moiety is a long aliphatic chain of 13 to 21 carbon atoms. 3S-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA is considered to be slightly soluble (in water) and acidic. 3S-hydroxyhexadecanoyl-CoA is a fatty ester lipid molecule
3S-hydroxy-hexanoyl-CoA
C27H46N7O18P3S (881.1832806000001)
3S-hydroxy-hexanoyl-CoA is classified as a member of the 3-hydroxyacyl CoAs. 3-hydroxyacyl CoAs are organic compounds containing a 3-hydroxyl acylated coenzyme A derivative. 3S-hydroxy-hexanoyl-CoA is considered to be slightly soluble (in water) and acidic. 3S-hydroxy-hexanoyl-CoA is a fatty ester lipid molecule
6-(6-(3r-Hydroxy-1e,5z-undecadien-1-yl)-2-pyridinyl)-1,5s-hexanediol
C22H35NO3 (361.26168000000007)
2-Ethylpyridine
2-ethylpyridine belongs to pyridines and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a pyridine ring, which is a six-member aromatic heterocycle which consists of one nitrogen atom and five carbon atoms. 2-ethylpyridine is soluble (in water) and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). 2-ethylpyridine is a grassy and green tasting compound found in tea, which makes 2-ethylpyridine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
3-Pyridinemethanol
C - Cardiovascular system > C10 - Lipid modifying agents > C10A - Lipid modifying agents, plain > C10AD - Nicotinic acid and derivatives C - Cardiovascular system > C04 - Peripheral vasodilators > C04A - Peripheral vasodilators > C04AC - Nicotinic acid and derivatives C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C29707 - Vasodilating Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents
3,5-Dimethyl-2-(3-pyridyl)thiazolidin-4-one
C10H12N2OS (208.06703019999998)
4-(3-Pyridin-2-yl-[1,2,4]oxadiazol-5-yl)-butyric acid
4-Vinylpyridine
D019995 - Laboratory Chemicals > D007202 - Indicators and Reagents
4-(Methylnitrosoamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol
D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens
N-Cyano-N'-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-N'-(3-pyridinyl)guanidine
3-Pyridinecarboximidamide, N-(2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)propoxy)-
Diphosphopyridine
C5H7NO6P2 (238.97486220000002)
6-Methyl-5-pyridin-4-yl-3,6-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazin-2-one
Midaglizole
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C72900 - Adrenergic Antagonist D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D018674 - Adrenergic Antagonists D007004 - Hypoglycemic Agents Midaglizole ((±)-DG5128 free base; DG5128 free base) is a potent α2-adrenoceptor antagonist. Midaglizole is a hypoglycemic agent. Midaglizole increases blood pressure and reduces blood glucose levels in vivo[1][2][3]. Midaglizole ((±)-DG5128 free base; DG5128 free base) is a potent α2-adrenoceptor antagonist. Midaglizole is a hypoglycemic agent. Midaglizole increases blood pressure and reduces blood glucose levels in vivo[1][2][3].
Picartamide
C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29701 - Anti-ulcer Agent > C29723 - Proton Pump Inhibitor
Pinacidil
C - Cardiovascular system > C02 - Antihypertensives > C02D - Arteriolar smooth muscle, agents acting on > C02DG - Guanidine derivatives C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators
Protionamide
J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J04 - Antimycobacterials > J04A - Drugs for treatment of tuberculosis > J04AD - Thiocarbamide derivatives D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000900 - Anti-Bacterial Agents > D000995 - Antitubercular Agents C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C52588 - Antibacterial Agent > C280 - Antitubercular Agent
1-(2-(1-Adamantyl)ethyl)-1-pentyl-3-(3-(4-pyridyl)propyl)urea
C26H41N3O (411.32494560000004)
Sibopirdine
N-Succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate
Sulfoxaflor
C10H10F3N3OS (277.04966459999997)
6-[5-(4-Carbamimidoylphenyl)-2-furyl]pyridine-3-carboxamidine
Inhibitor CC
N-Hydroxy-N'-(4-hydroxy-4-pyridin-3-ylbutyl)methanimidamide
3-Heptylpyridine
3-heptylpyridine belongs to pyridines and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a pyridine ring, which is a six-member aromatic heterocycle which consists of one nitrogen atom and five carbon atoms. 3-heptylpyridine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). 3-heptylpyridine can be found in sweet orange, which makes 3-heptylpyridine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
3-Propylpyridine
3-propylpyridine belongs to pyridines and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a pyridine ring, which is a six-member aromatic heterocycle which consists of one nitrogen atom and five carbon atoms. 3-propylpyridine is soluble (in water) and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). 3-propylpyridine can be found in sweet orange, which makes 3-propylpyridine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.