Valerate (BioDeep_00000002865)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000229705, BioDeep_00000405391, BioDeep_00000861813

natural product human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Endogenous blood metabolite BioNovoGene_Lab2019


代谢物信息卡片


N-Pentanoic acid, 11C-labeled sodium salt

化学式: C5H10O2 (102.0681)
中文名称: 正戊酸, 缬草酸, 戊酸
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 18.98%

Reviewed

Last reviewed on 2024-09-13.

Cite this Page

Valerate. BioDeep Database v3. PANOMIX ltd, a top metabolomics service provider from China. https://query.biodeep.cn/s/valerate (retrieved 2024-12-22) (BioDeep RN: BioDeep_00000002865). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

分子结构信息

SMILES: C(C(=O)O)CCC
InChI: InChI=1S/C5H10O2/c1-2-3-4-5(6)7/h2-4H2,1H3,(H,6,7)

描述信息

Valeric acid, or pentanoic acid, is a straight chain alkyl carboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)3COOH. Like other low molecular weight carboxylic acids, it has a very unpleasant odor. Valeric acid is commonly found in human feces, with an average concentration of 2.4 umol/g feces (range of 0.6-3.8 umol/g) (PMID:6740214). Valeric acid is produced by the gut microbiota, typically Clostridia species and other gut bacterial species such as Megasphaera massiliensis MRx0029 (PMID:30052654) via the condensation of ethanol with propionic acid (PMID:18116989). Valeric acid is largely considered as a gut microbial metabolite. Recently, valeric acid has been found to exert strong gut protective effects. Studies involving mice that received high doses of radiation showed that valeric acid replenishment (via oral gavage) elevated the survival rate of irradiated mice, protected hematogenic organs (such as the thymus and spleen), improved gastrointestinal (GI) tract function and enhanced intestinal epithelial integrity (PMID:31931652 ). Valeric acid was also found to restore the enteric bacteria taxonomic proportions and reprogram the small intestinal protein profile to normal levels. Valeric acid, like butyric acid, also appears to be a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. High levels of HDAC proteins have been implicated in a variety of disease pathologies, from cancer and colitis to cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration (PMID:30052654). Valeric acid is also found in certain plants, specifically in the perennial flowering plant valerian (Valeriana officinalis), from which it gets its name. Industrially valeric acid is primarily used is in the synthesis of its esters. Volatile esters of valeric acid tend to have pleasant odors and are used in perfumes and cosmetics. Ethyl valerate and pentyl valerate are used as food additives because of their fruity flavours. Hydrolysis of these valerate-containing food additives in the gut can also lead to the appearance of valerate in blood, urine and stool samples.
Minor constituent of biological systems e.g. yeast fat, some plant oilsand is also present in blue cheeses, wines, apple, banana, morello cherry, cooked shrimp, scallop, roasted peanut, roasted filberts and other foodstuffs. Flavouring agent. Pentanoic acid is found in many foods, some of which are red raspberry, pepper (c. frutescens), tea, and fats and oils.
KEIO_ID V002

同义名列表

39 个代谢物同义名

N-Pentanoic acid, 11C-labeled sodium salt; N-Pentanoic acid, maganese (+2) salt; N-Pentanoic acid, potassium salt; N-Pentanoic acid, ammonium salt; N-Pentanoic acid, sodium salt; N-Pentanoic acid, 11C-labeled; N-Pentanoic acid, zinc salt; 1-Butanecarboxylic acid; Butanecarboxylic acid; Valeric acid, normal; Valeric acid normal; 1-Butanecarboxylate; Lithium pentanoate; Butanecarboxylate; Propylacetic acid; Kyselina valerova; N-Pentanoic acid; Valerate, normal; 1-Pentanoic acid; Valerianic acid; CH3-[CH2]3-COOH; pentanoic acid; N-Valeric acid; Valeriansaeure; Valeriansaure; Propylacetate; Valeric acid; 1-Pentanoate; Pentoic acid; N-Pentanoate; Valerianate; Pentanoate; N-C4H9COOH; N-Valerate; Pentoate; valerate; N-BuCOOH; Valeric acid; Pentanoate



数据库引用编号

29 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

23 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 4 CAT, MTOR, PIK3CA, TJP1
Peripheral membrane protein 2 MTOR, TJP1
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 2 CD4, MTOR
Nucleus 2 MTOR, TJP1
cytosol 5 CAT, LIPE, MTOR, PIK3CA, TJP1
dendrite 1 MTOR
phagocytic vesicle 1 MTOR
nucleoplasm 1 MTOR
Cell membrane 9 CD4, CLDN1, FFAR2, FFAR3, LIPE, OCLN, SLC38A5, TJP1, TNF
Cytoplasmic side 2 MTOR, TJP1
lamellipodium 1 PIK3CA
Multi-pass membrane protein 5 CLDN1, FFAR2, FFAR3, OCLN, SLC38A5
Golgi apparatus membrane 1 MTOR
cell junction 2 OCLN, TJP1
cell surface 1 TNF
Golgi membrane 2 INS, MTOR
lysosomal membrane 2 MTOR, OCLN
neuronal cell body 1 TNF
Cytoplasm, cytosol 1 LIPE
Lysosome 1 MTOR
plasma membrane 11 CD4, CLDN1, FFAR2, FFAR3, GCG, MUC2, OCLN, PIK3CA, SLC38A5, TJP1, TNF
Membrane 7 CAT, CLDN1, FFAR2, LIPE, MTOR, OCLN, SLC38A5
apical plasma membrane 3 CLDN1, OCLN, TJP1
basolateral plasma membrane 2 CLDN1, TJP1
caveola 1 LIPE
extracellular exosome 1 CAT
Lysosome membrane 1 MTOR
extracellular space 9 CRP, GCG, IL10, IL17A, IL6, INS, MUC2, TNF, TSLP
perinuclear region of cytoplasm 1 PIK3CA
Cell junction, tight junction 3 CLDN1, OCLN, TJP1
adherens junction 1 TJP1
apicolateral plasma membrane 2 OCLN, TJP1
bicellular tight junction 3 CLDN1, OCLN, TJP1
gap junction 1 TJP1
intercalated disc 2 PIK3CA, TJP1
intercellular canaliculus 1 TJP1
mitochondrion 2 CAT, TJP1
protein-containing complex 4 CAT, CLDN1, OCLN, TJP1
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 1 CAT
Microsome membrane 1 MTOR
TORC1 complex 1 MTOR
TORC2 complex 1 MTOR
Single-pass type I membrane protein 1 CD4
Secreted 8 CRP, GCG, IL10, IL17A, IL6, INS, MUC2, TSLP
extracellular region 10 CAT, CRP, GCG, IL10, IL17A, IL6, INS, MUC2, TNF, TSLP
Mitochondrion outer membrane 1 MTOR
mitochondrial outer membrane 1 MTOR
mitochondrial matrix 1 CAT
external side of plasma membrane 3 CD4, IL17A, TNF
cytoplasmic vesicle 1 OCLN
Early endosome 1 CD4
apical part of cell 1 TJP1
cell-cell junction 1 OCLN
recycling endosome 1 TNF
Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 TNF
Membrane raft 2 CD4, TNF
focal adhesion 1 CAT
extracellular matrix 1 MUC2
Peroxisome 1 CAT
Peroxisome matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal membrane 1 CAT
Nucleus, PML body 1 MTOR
PML body 1 MTOR
collagen-containing extracellular matrix 1 MUC2
lateral plasma membrane 1 CLDN1
cell leading edge 1 OCLN
cell projection 2 FFAR2, TJP1
phagocytic cup 1 TNF
Cell projection, podosome 1 TJP1
podosome 1 TJP1
Basolateral cell membrane 1 CLDN1
nuclear envelope 1 MTOR
Endomembrane system 1 MTOR
endosome lumen 1 INS
Lipid droplet 1 LIPE
Membrane, caveola 1 LIPE
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen 1 CAT
secretory granule lumen 3 CAT, GCG, INS
Golgi lumen 2 INS, MUC2
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 4 CD4, GCG, IL6, INS
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex 1 PIK3CA
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class IA 1 PIK3CA
endocytic vesicle 1 OCLN
transport vesicle 1 INS
tight junction 3 CLDN1, OCLN, TJP1
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane 1 INS
clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane 1 CD4
apical junction complex 1 TJP1
Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome 1 MTOR
[Glucagon-like peptide 1]: Secreted 1 GCG
[Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted 1 TNF
T cell receptor complex 1 CD4
catalase complex 1 CAT
interleukin-6 receptor complex 1 IL6
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class IB 1 PIK3CA
inner mucus layer 1 MUC2
outer mucus layer 1 MUC2
[C-domain 2]: Secreted 1 TNF
[Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane 1 TNF
[C-domain 1]: Secreted 1 TNF


文献列表

  • Yiming Ni, Liangyin Cai, Xiaojun Gou, Wenjie Li, Mingmei Zhou, Ying Huang. Therapeutic effect of Sanhua decoction on rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion and the associated changes in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids. PloS one. 2024; 19(2):e0298148. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298148. [PMID: 38363776]
  • Krzysztof Kowalski, Bogumiła Szponar, Patrycja Bochen, Paulina Żebrowska-Różańska, Łukasz Łaczmański, Jerzy Samochowiec, Błażej Misiak. Altered levels of fecal short-chain fatty acids are associated with subclinical inflammation and worse cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia. Journal of psychiatric research. 2023 Jul; 165(?):298-304. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.042. [PMID: 37552919]
  • Ying He, Bang Cheng, Bing-Jian Guo, Zheng Huang, Jing-Hua Qin, Qian-Yi Wang, Lin-Lin Feng, Yun-Yuan Nong, Dan Zhu, Hong-Wei Guo, Zhi-Heng Su. Metabonomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to study the therapeutic mechanism of Danggui Sini decoction on collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis rats with Cold Bi syndrome. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2023 Jan; 222(?):115109. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115109. [PMID: 36270097]
  • Rui Han, Hongxing Yang, Ya Li, Changquan Ling, Lingeng Lu. Valeric acid acts as a novel HDAC3 inhibitor against prostate cancer. Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England). 2022 Sep; 39(12):213. doi: 10.1007/s12032-022-01814-9. [PMID: 36175803]
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  • Zhongmeng Lai, Weiran Shan, Jun Li, Jia Min, Xianzhang Zeng, Zhiyi Zuo. Appropriate exercise level attenuates gut dysbiosis and valeric acid increase to improve neuroplasticity and cognitive function after surgery in mice. Molecular psychiatry. 2021 12; 26(12):7167-7187. doi: 10.1038/s41380-021-01291-y. [PMID: 34663905]
  • Yue Du, Jinxue Wei, Xiao Yang, Yikai Dou, Liansheng Zhao, Xueyu Qi, Xueli Yu, Wanjun Guo, Qiang Wang, Wei Deng, Minli Li, Dongtao Lin, Tao Li, Xiaohong Ma. Plasma metabolites were associated with spatial working memory in major depressive disorder. Medicine. 2021 Feb; 100(8):e24581. doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000024581. [PMID: 33663067]
  • Fengqin Shi, Ya Li, Rui Han, Alan Fu, Ronghua Wang, Olivia Nusbaum, Qin Qin, Xinyi Chen, Li Hou, Yong Zhu. Valerian and valeric acid inhibit growth of breast cancer cells possibly by mediating epigenetic modifications. Scientific reports. 2021 01; 11(1):2519. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81620-x. [PMID: 33510252]
  • Maksymilian Onyszkiewicz, Marta Gawrys-Kopczynska, Maciej Sałagaj, Marta Aleksandrowicz, Aneta Sawicka, Ewa Koźniewska, Emilia Samborowska, Marcin Ufnal. Valeric acid lowers arterial blood pressure in rats. European journal of pharmacology. 2020 Jun; 877(?):173086. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173086. [PMID: 32234527]
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