Lomustine (BioDeep_00000006407)
Secondary id: BioDeep_00001867989
human metabolite blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs Cytotoxicity
代谢物信息卡片
1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea
化学式: C9H16ClN3O2 (233.0931)
中文名称: 洛莫司汀
谱图信息:
最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 63.36%
分子结构信息
SMILES: C1CCC(CC1)NC(=O)N(CCCl)N=O
InChI: InChI=1S/C9H16ClN3O2/c10-6-7-13(12-15)9(14)11-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h8H,1-7H2,(H,11,14)
描述信息
Lomustine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an alkylating agent of value against both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. [PubChem]Lomustine is a highly lipophilic nitrosourea compound which undergoes hydrolysis in vivo to form reactive metabolites. These metabolites cause alkylation and cross-linking of DNA (at the O6 position of guanine-containing bases) and RNA, thus inducing cytotoxicity. Other biologic effects include inhibition of DNA synthesis and some cell cycle phase specificity. Nitrosureas generally lack cross-resistance with other alkylating agents. As lomustine is a nitrosurea, it may also inhibit several key processes such as carbamoylation and modification of cellular proteins.
L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L01 - Antineoplastic agents > L01A - Alkylating agents > L01AD - Nitrosoureas
C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C186664 - Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Agent > C2842 - DNA Binding Agent
D009676 - Noxae > D000477 - Alkylating Agents
D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
同义名列表
23 个代谢物同义名
1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea; N-(2-Chloroethyl)-n-cyclohexyl-N-nitrosourea; 3-(2-chloroethyl)-1-cyclohexyl-3-nitrosourea; 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexylnitrosourea; Bristol myers squibb brand OF lomustine; Bristol-myers squibb brand OF lomustine; Rhône-poulenc rorer brand OF lomustine; Rhône poulenc rorer brand OF lomustine; Cyclohexyl chloroethyl nitrosourea; Chloroethylcyclohexylnitrosourea; Medac brand OF lomustine; Lomustine medac brand; Lomustinum; lomustine; Belustine; Gleostine; Lomustina; Cecenu; CeeNU; CCNU; CINU; Lomustine; Lomustine
数据库引用编号
16 个数据库交叉引用编号
- ChEBI: CHEBI:6520
- KEGG: C07079
- KEGGdrug: D00363
- PubChem: 3950
- HMDB: HMDB0015337
- Metlin: METLIN66570
- DrugBank: DB01206
- ChEMBL: CHEMBL514
- Wikipedia: Lomustine
- MeSH: Lomustine
- chemspider: 3813
- CAS: 13010-47-4
- PMhub: MS000019444
- PubChem: 9290
- RefMet: Lomustine
- KNApSAcK: 6520
分类词条
相关代谢途径
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
PlantCyc(0)
代谢反应
0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。
Reactome(0)
BioCyc(0)
WikiPathways(0)
Plant Reactome(0)
INOH(0)
PlantCyc(0)
COVID-19 Disease Map(0)
PathBank(0)
PharmGKB(0)
1 个相关的物种来源信息
在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：
- PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
- NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
- Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
- Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。
点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。
文献列表
- Jiameng Sun, Yunwei Ou, Xiaoyan Liu, Haidan Sun, Zhengguang Guo, Feng Qi, Ying Lan, Weiming Liu, Wei Sun. LC-MS-based urine metabolomics analysis of chronic subdural hematoma for biomarker discovery.
Proteomics. Clinical applications.
2023 Sep; ?(?):e2200107. doi:
10.1002/prca.202200107. [PMID: 37697649] - Bhabani Sankar Satapathy, Ladi Alik Kumar, Gurudutta Pattnaik, Binapani Barik. Lomustine Incorporated Lipid Nanostructures Demonstrated Preferential Anticancer Properties in C6 Glioma Cell Lines with Enhanced Pharmacokinetic Profile in Mice.
Acta chimica Slovenica.
2021 Dec; 68(4):970-982. doi:
10.17344/acsi.2021.6977. [PMID: 34918770] - Mark J Henderson, Kathleen A Trychta, Shyh-Ming Yang, Susanne Bäck, Adam Yasgar, Emily S Wires, Carina Danchik, Xiaokang Yan, Hideaki Yano, Lei Shi, Kuo-Jen Wu, Amy Q Wang, Dingyin Tao, Gergely Zahoránszky-Kőhalmi, Xin Hu, Xin Xu, David Maloney, Alexey V Zakharov, Ganesha Rai, Fumihiko Urano, Mikko Airavaara, Oksana Gavrilova, Ajit Jadhav, Yun Wang, Anton Simeonov, Brandon K Harvey. A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
Cell reports.
2021 04; 35(4):109040. doi:
10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109040. [PMID: 33910017] - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari, Bushra Mdkhana, Saba Al Heialy, Elaref Ratemi, Malak Alghamdi, Salah Abusnana, Tarek Kashour, Qutayba Hamid, Rabih Halwani. Effect of common medications on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors in liver tissue.
Archives of toxicology.
2020 12; 94(12):4037-4041. doi:
10.1007/s00204-020-02869-1. [PMID: 32808185] - Andrea M Dedeaux, Brian K Flesner, Jennifer M Reinhart, Ingeborg M Langohr, Roman Husnik, Shawn N Geraci, Joseph Taboada, Nathalie Rademacher, Lori A Thombs, Jeffrey N Bryan, Lauren A Trepanier, Bonnie B Boudreaux. Biochemical, functional, and histopathologic characterization of lomustine-induced liver injury in dogs.
American journal of veterinary research.
2020 Oct; 81(10):810-820. doi:
10.2460/ajvr.81.10.810. [PMID: 32969725] - Alaaeddin Alrohaibani, Leah A Swetnam, Nicole K Andeen. Microangiopathy, lomustine, and karyomegalic mesangial cells.
Kidney international.
2020 08; 98(2):517. doi:
10.1016/j.kint.2020.02.017. [PMID: 32709298] - J Li, S G Chen, Y Y Zhao, Q Tan. [Determination of thallium in the urine with colloidal palladium as the matrix modifier by graphite furnace atomic absorption Spectrometry].
Zhonghua lao dong wei sheng zhi ye bing za zhi = Zhonghua laodong weisheng zhiyebing zazhi = Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases.
2020 Mar; 38(3):219-221. doi:
10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20190722-00316. [PMID: 32306699] - Tobie D Lee, Olivia W Lee, Kyle R Brimacombe, Lu Chen, Rajarshi Guha, Sabrina Lusvarghi, Bethilehem G Tebase, Carleen Klumpp-Thomas, Robert W Robey, Suresh V Ambudkar, Min Shen, Michael M Gottesman, Matthew D Hall. A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Molecular pharmacology.
2019 11; 96(5):629-640. doi:
10.1124/mol.119.115964. [PMID: 31515284] - B O Boostrom, A S Moore, C J DeRegis, C Robat, K Freeman, D H Thamm. Canine Cutaneous Plasmacytosis: 21 Cases (2005-2015).
Journal of veterinary internal medicine.
2017 Jul; 31(4):1074-1080. doi:
10.1111/jvim.14729. [PMID: 28514049] - David Capper, Andreas von Deimling, Alba A Brandes, Antoine F Carpentier, Santosh Kesari, Juan M Sepulveda-Sanchez, Helen R Wheeler, Olivier Chinot, Lawrence Cher, Joachim P Steinbach, Pol Specenier, Jordi Rodon, Ann Cleverly, Claire Smith, Ivelina Gueorguieva, Colin Miles, Susan C Guba, Durisala Desaiah, Shawn T Estrem, Michael M Lahn, Wolfgang Wick. Biomarker and Histopathology Evaluation of Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma Treated with Galunisertib, Lomustine, or the Combination of Galunisertib and Lomustine.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2017 May; 18(5):. doi:
10.3390/ijms18050995. [PMID: 28481241] - Masaki Ishikawa, Kosuke Saito, Hiroshi Yamada, Noriyuki Nakatsu, Keiko Maekawa, Yoshiro Saito. Plasma lipid profiling of different types of hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride and lomustine in rats.
Lipids in health and disease.
2016 Apr; 15(?):74. doi:
10.1186/s12944-016-0244-1. [PMID: 27068811] - Richard J Kovacs, Giuliana Maldonado, Analia Azaro, Maria S Fernández, Federico L Romero, Juan M Sepulveda-Sánchez, Mary Corretti, Michael Carducci, Melda Dolan, Ivelina Gueorguieva, Ann L Cleverly, N Sokalingum Pillay, Jose Baselga, Michael M Lahn. Cardiac Safety of TGF-β Receptor I Kinase Inhibitor LY2157299 Monohydrate in Cancer Patients in a First-in-Human Dose Study.
Cardiovascular toxicology.
2015 Oct; 15(4):309-23. doi:
10.1007/s12012-014-9297-4. [PMID: 25488804] - Jordi Rodón, Michael Carducci, Juan M Sepulveda-Sánchez, Analía Azaro, Emiliano Calvo, Joan Seoane, Irene Braña, Elisabet Sicart, Ivelina Gueorguieva, Ann Cleverly, N Sokalingum Pillay, Durisala Desaiah, Shawn T Estrem, Luis Paz-Ares, Matthias Holdhoff, Jaishri Blakeley, Michael M Lahn, Jose Baselga. Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and biomarker evaluation of transforming growth factor-β receptor I kinase inhibitor, galunisertib, in phase 1 study in patients with advanced cancer.
Investigational new drugs.
2015 Apr; 33(2):357-70. doi:
10.1007/s10637-014-0192-4. [PMID: 25529192] - Margaret L Musser, Hilary T Quinn, John D Chretin. Low apparent risk of CCNU (lomustine)-associated clinical hepatotoxicity in cats.
Journal of feline medicine and surgery.
2012 Dec; 14(12):871-5. doi:
10.1177/1098612x12453836. [PMID: 22772480] - R Stupp, A Tosoni, J E C Bromberg, P Hau, M Campone, J Gijtenbeek, M Frenay, L Breimer, H Wiesinger, A Allgeier, M J van den Bent, U Bogdahn, W van der Graaf, H J Yun, T Gorlia, D Lacombe, A A Brandes. Sagopilone (ZK-EPO, ZK 219477) for recurrent glioblastoma. A phase II multicenter trial by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Brain Tumor Group.
Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.
2011 Sep; 22(9):2144-2149. doi:
10.1093/annonc/mdq729. [PMID: 21321091] - K A Skorupski, G M Hammond, A M Irish, M S Kent, T A Guerrero, C O Rodriguez, D W Griffin. Prospective randomized clinical trial assessing the efficacy of Denamarin for prevention of CCNU-induced hepatopathy in tumor-bearing dogs.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine.
2011 Jul; 25(4):838-45. doi:
10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0743.x. [PMID: 21689156] - Luning Zhuang, Jing Gao, Yong Zeng, Fei Yu, Bingjie Zhang, Mu Li, Hartmut Derendorf, Changxiao Liu. HPLC method validation for the quantification of lomustine to study pharmacokinetics of thermosensitive liposome-encapsulated lomustine containing iohexol for CT imaging in C6 glioma rats.
European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics.
2011 Jun; 36(2):61-9. doi:
10.1007/s13318-011-0030-4. [PMID: 21380568] - Anja Elstner, Florian Stockhammer, Trong-Nghia Nguyen-Dobinsky, Quang Long Nguyen, Ingo Pilgermann, Amanjit Gill, Anke Guhr, Tingguo Zhang, Kajetan von Eckardstein, Thomas Picht, Julian Veelken, Robert L Martuza, Andreas von Deimling, Andreas Kurtz. Identification of diagnostic serum protein profiles of glioblastoma patients.
Journal of neuro-oncology.
2011 Mar; 102(1):71-80. doi:
10.1007/s11060-010-0284-8. [PMID: 20617365] - Harshal Rajekar, Kashan Bogammana, Richard S Stubbs. Selective internal radiation therapy for gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumour liver metastases: a new and effective modality for treatment.
International journal of hepatology.
2011; 2011(?):404916. doi:
10.4061/2011/404916. [PMID: 22164335] - K M Rassnick, D B Bailey, D S Russell, A B Flory, M A Kiselow, J L Intile, E K Malone, C E Balkman, S M Barnard. A phase II study to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of alternating CCNU and high-dose vinblastine and prednisone (CVP) for treatment of dogs with high-grade, metastatic or nonresectable mast cell tumours.
Veterinary and comparative oncology.
2010 Jun; 8(2):138-52. doi:
10.1111/j.1476-5829.2010.00217.x. [PMID: 20579327] - K Hosoya, L K Lord, A Lara-Garcia, W C Kisseberth, C A London, C G Couto. Prevalence of elevated alanine transaminase activity in dogs treated with CCNU (Lomustine)*.
Veterinary and comparative oncology.
2009 Dec; 7(4):244-55. doi:
10.1111/j.1476-5829.2009.00197.x. [PMID: 19891695] - Chiaki Kondo, Yohsuke Minowa, Takeki Uehara, Yasushi Okuno, Noriyuki Nakatsu, Atsushi Ono, Toshiyuki Maruyama, Ikuo Kato, Jyoji Yamate, Hiroshi Yamada, Yasuo Ohno, Tetsuro Urushidani. Identification of genomic biomarkers for concurrent diagnosis of drug-induced renal tubular injury using a large-scale toxicogenomics database.
Toxicology.
2009 Nov; 265(1-2):15-26. doi:
10.1016/j.tox.2009.09.003. [PMID: 19761811] - L Dirikolu, T Chakkath, T Fan, Nolan R Mente. Synthesis of trans- and cis-4'-hydroxylomustine and development of validated analytical method for lomustine and trans- and cis-4'-hydroxylomustine in canine plasma.
Journal of analytical toxicology.
2009 Nov; 33(9):595-603. doi:
10.1093/jat/33.9.595. [PMID: 20040134] - Jianmin Wang, Shuqing Lü, Jianmin Yang, Xianmin Song, Li Chen, Chongmei Huang, Jun Hou, Weiping Zhang. A homoharringtonine-based induction regimen for the treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a single center experience from China.
Journal of hematology & oncology.
2009 Jul; 2(?):32. doi:
10.1186/1756-8722-2-32. [PMID: 19642997] - J L Intile, K M Rassnick, D B Bailey, R Al-Sarraf, J D Chretin, C E Balkman, A B Flory, M A Kiselow, J J Wakshlag. Evaluation of dexamethasone as a chemoprotectant for CCNU-induced bone marrow suppression in dogs.
Veterinary and comparative oncology.
2009 Mar; 7(1):69-77. doi:
10.1111/j.1476-5829.2008.00175.x. [PMID: 19222832] - Barbara Ingold, Peter Schraml, Frank L Heppner, Holger Moch. Homogeneous MGMT immunoreactivity correlates with an unmethylated MGMT promoter status in brain metastases of various solid tumors.
PloS one.
2009; 4(3):e4775. doi:
10.1371/journal.pone.0004775. [PMID: 19274096] - Vincent Launay-Vacher, Corinne Isnard-Bagnis, Nicolas Janus, Svetlana Karie, Gilbert Deray. [Chemotherapy and renal toxicity].
Bulletin du cancer.
2008 May; 95 FMC Onco(?):F96-103. doi:
10.1684/bdc.2007.0544. [PMID: 18511375] - K Zils, R Furtwängler, H Reinhard, M Alkassar, N Graf. Consultation within the nephroblastoma trial SIOP 2001/GPOH as part of the workload in the trial office.
Klinische Padiatrie.
2008 May; 220(3):183-8. doi:
10.1055/s-2008-1046763. [PMID: 18478492] - V Gadjeva, A Dimov, N Georgieva. Influence of therapy on the antioxidant status in patients with melanoma.
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics.
2008 Apr; 33(2):179-85. doi:
10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00909.x. [PMID: 18315784] - V Gadjeva, A Tolekova, M Vasileva. Effect of the spin-labelled 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea on CCNU-induced oxidative liver injury.
Die Pharmazie.
2007 Aug; 62(8):608-13. doi:
. [PMID: 17867557] - M Stiefel, T Reiss, M S Staege, J Rengelshausen, J Burhenne, A Wawer, J L Foell. Successful treatment with voriconazole of Aspergillus brain abscess in a boy with medulloblastoma.
Pediatric blood & cancer.
2007 Aug; 49(2):203-7. doi:
10.1002/pbc.20628. [PMID: 16333861] - Pia P Vihinen, Johanna Hilli, Meri-Sisko Vuoristo, Kari J Syrjänen, Veli-Matti Kähäri, Seppo O Pyrhönen. Serum VEGF-C is associated with metastatic site in patients with malignant melanoma.
Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden).
2007; 46(5):678-84. doi:
10.1080/02841860600965020. [PMID: 17562445] - Mesfin A Yimam, Tot Bui, Rodney J Y Ho. Effects of lipid association on lomustine (CCNU) administered intracerebrally to syngeneic 36B-10 rat brain tumors.
Cancer letters.
2006 Dec; 244(2):211-9. doi:
10.1016/j.canlet.2005.12.024. [PMID: 16455196] - M Bayes, X Rabasseda, J R Prous. Gateways to clinical trials.
Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology.
2006 Mar; 28(2):121-42. doi:
. [PMID: 16636723] - V Gadjeva, D Kuchukova, A Tolekova, S Tanchev. Beneficial effects of spin-labelled nitrosourea on CCNU-induced oxidative stress in rat blood compared with vitamin E.
Die Pharmazie.
2005 Jul; 60(7):530-2. doi:
. [PMID: 16076081] - Antonino Musolino, Maria Antonietta Perrone, Maria Michiara, Daniela Delnevo, Vittorio Franciosi, Beatrice Di Blasio, Guido Ceci, Roberta Camisa, Andrea Ardizzoni, Giorgio Cocconi. Lomustine (chloroethylnitrosourea [CCNU]), ifosfamide, bleomycin, vincristine, and cisplatin (CIBO-P) is an effective regimen for patients with poor prognostic refractory or multiple disease recurrent aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Cancer.
2005 May; 103(10):2109-17. doi:
10.1002/cncr.21024. [PMID: 15803492] - Michael J Fisher, Beverly J Lange, Michael N Needle, Anna J Janss, Hui-Kuo G Shu, Peter C Adamson, Peter C Phillips. Amifostine for children with medulloblastoma treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
Pediatric blood & cancer.
2004 Dec; 43(7):780-4. doi:
10.1002/pbc.20132. [PMID: 15390300] - Jane W Marsh, Maryann Donovan, Dennis R Burholt, Lisa D George, Paul L Kornblith. Metastatic lung disease to the central nervous system: in vitro response to chemotherapeutic agents.
Journal of neuro-oncology.
2004 Jan; 66(1-2):81-90. doi:
10.1023/b:neon.0000013486.03634.d2. [PMID: 15015773] - Orna Kristal, Kenneth M Rassnick, John M Gliatto, Nicole C Northrup, John D Chretin, Kirsten Morrison-Collister, Susan M Cotter, Antony S Moore. Hepatotoxicity associated with CCNU (lomustine) chemotherapy in dogs.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine.
2004 Jan; 18(1):75-80. doi:
10.1892/0891-6640(2004)18<75:hawclc>2.0.co;2. [PMID: 14765735] - D A Volpe, M K Warren. Myeloid clonogenic assays for comparison of the in vitro toxicity of alkylating agents.
Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA.
2003 Jun; 17(3):271-7. doi:
10.1016/s0887-2333(03)00012-2. [PMID: 12781205] - Gregory M Chronowski, Richard B Wilder, Susan L Tucker, Chul S Ha, Andreas H Sarris, Fredrick B Hagemeister, Ibrahim Barista, Mark A Hess, Fernando Cabanillas, James D Cox. An elevated serum beta-2-microglobulin level is an adverse prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with early-stage Hodgkin disease.
Cancer.
2002 Dec; 95(12):2534-8. doi:
10.1002/cncr.10998. [PMID: 12467067] - S Samanta, A Pain, S Dutta, U Sanyal. Evaluation of naphthal-NU, a 2-chloroethylnitrosourea derivative of naphthalimide, as a mixed-function anticancer agent.
Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR.
2002 Mar; 21(1):87-93. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 12071535] - D Mihalache, V Preoteasa, A Carloban, A Stănculescu, C T Dragomir. A possible correlation between unscheduled DNA repair and cholesterolemia in Wistar rat, modulated by vitamin E.
Roumanian archives of microbiology and immunology.
2001 Oct; 60(4):349-58. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 12561677] - C R Bethune, R J Geyer, A M Spence, R J Ho. Lipid association improves the therapeutic index of lomustine [1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea] to suppress 36B-10 tumor growth in rats.
Cancer research.
2001 May; 61(9):3669-74. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 11325837] - M Colombi, A Guffanti, A Alietti, M L Latargia, C Vener, A T Maiolo, L Baldini. OPP-EBV-CAD regimen as salvage treatment in advanced refractory or resistant multiple myeloma.
Leukemia & lymphoma.
2000 Dec; 40(1-2):87-94. doi:
10.3109/10428190009054884. [PMID: 11426632] - P Czauderna, K Katski, J Kowalczyk, A Kurylak, B Lopatka, G Skotnicka-Klonowicz, K Sawicz-Birkowska, J Godziński. Venoocclusive liver disease (VOD) as a complication of Wilms' tumour management in the series of consecutive 206 patients.
European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie.
2000 Oct; 10(5):300-3. doi:
10.1055/s-2008-1072380. [PMID: 11194540] - M Filipits, U Jaeger, I Simonitsch, C Chizzali-Bonfadin, H Heinzl, R Pirker. Clinical relevance of the lung resistance protein in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.
2000 Sep; 6(9):3417-23. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 10999723] - P G Gobbi, C Broglia, R Bertè, M P Petrilli, S Molica, F Angrilli, E Iannitto, M L Ghirardelli, N Di Renzo, L Cavanna, E Ascari. Lomustine and melphalan cannot be replaced by cyclophosphamide and etoposide without reducing efficacy in MOPPEBVCAD chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's disease.
Haematologica.
2000 Jul; 85(7):722-8. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 10897124] - B P Tiwari, P Ramanathan, R B Patel, A S Raste, S G Gadre, C S Soman, K K Deodhar. Animal model for liver dysfunction using lomustine in Wistar rats.
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology.
2000 Jan; 19(1):9-11. doi:
. [PMID: 10659479] - K Villikka, K T Kivistö, H Mäenpää, H Joensuu, P J Neuvonen. Cytochrome P450-inducing antiepileptics increase the clearance of vincristine in patients with brain tumors.
Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.
1999 Dec; 66(6):589-93. doi:
10.1053/cp.1999.v66.103403001. [PMID: 10613614] - V Gadjeva, A Zheleva, E Raikova. Modulating effect of new potential antimelanomic agents, spin-labeled triazenes and nitrosoureas on the DOPA-oxidase activity of tyrosinase.
Cancer biochemistry biophysics.
1999 Jul; 17(1-2):99-108. doi:
. [PMID: 10738906] - C Bethune, A Blum, J R Geyer, J R Silber, R J Ho. Lipid association increases the potency against primary medulloblastoma cells and systemic exposure of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) in rats.
Pharmaceutical research.
1999 Jun; 16(6):896-903. doi:
10.1023/a:1018886321917. [PMID: 10397611] - A Sankar, D G Thomas, J L Darling. Sensitivity of short-term cultures derived from human malignant glioma to the anti-cancer drug temozolomide.
Anti-cancer drugs.
1999 Feb; 10(2):179-85. doi:
10.1097/00001813-199902000-00006. [PMID: 10211548] - S E Kaba, A P Kyritsis, K Hess, W K Yung, R Mercier, S Dakhil, K A Jaeckle, V A Levin. TPDC-FuHu chemotherapy for the treatment of recurrent metastatic brain tumors.
Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
1997 Mar; 15(3):1063-70. doi:
10.1200/jco.1997.15.3.1063. [PMID: 9060546] - H Kastrissios, N J Chao, T F Blaschke. Pharmacokinetics of high-dose oral CCNU in bone marrow transplant patients.
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology.
1996; 38(5):425-30. doi:
10.1007/s002800050506. [PMID: 8765435] - A Inga, R Iannone, P Campomenosi, F Molina, P Menichini, A Abbondandolo, G Fronza. Mutational fingerprint induced by the antineoplastic drug chloroethyl-cyclohexyl-nitrosourea in mammalian cells.
Cancer research.
1995 Oct; 55(20):4658-63. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 7553645] - S Açikgöz, F Bingol, S offin, B Açikgöz. The effect of topical CCNU(1-(2-chloroethyl)-3 cyclohexyl 1 nitrosurea) treatment on lipid peroxidation of glial tumours transplanted on rat brain.
General pharmacology.
1995 Mar; 26(2):437-9. doi:
10.1016/0306-3623(94)e0059-u. [PMID: 7590100] - A G Borel, F S Abbott. Identification of carbamoylated thiol conjugates as metabolites of the antineoplastic 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea, in rats and humans.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals.
1993 Sep; 21(5):889-901. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 7902253] - A Sakalová, D Holománová, M Mikulecký, M Mistrík, T Lipsic, M Steruská. Prognostic value of plasma-cell immunophenotype in patients with multiple myeloma.
Neoplasma.
1993; 40(6):351-4. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 8289966] - A Sella, C J Logothetis, F H Dexeus, R Amato, L Finn, K Fitz. Cisplatin combination chemotherapy for elderly patients with urothelial tumours.
British journal of urology.
1991 Jun; 67(6):603-7. doi:
10.1111/j.1464-410x.1991.tb15224.x. [PMID: 2070205] - D J Straus, J J Gaynor, J Myers, D P Merke, J Caravelli, D Chapman, J Yahalom, B D Clarkson. Prognostic factors among 185 adults with newly diagnosed advanced Hodgkin's disease treated with alternating potentially noncross-resistant chemotherapy and intermediate-dose radiation therapy.
Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
1990 Jul; 8(7):1173-86. doi:
10.1200/jco.1990.8.7.1173. [PMID: 1694235] - M E Dolan, R C Moschel, A E Pegg. Depletion of mammalian O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity by O6-benzylguanine provides a means to evaluate the role of this protein in protection against carcinogenic and therapeutic alkylating agents.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
1990 Jul; 87(14):5368-72. doi:
10.1073/pnas.87.14.5368. [PMID: 2164681] - K H Wong, C A Wallen, K T Wheeler. Chemosensitization of the nitrosoureas by 2-nitroimidazoles in the subcutaneous 9L tumor model: pharmacokinetic and structure-activity considerations.
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.
1990 May; 18(5):1043-50. doi:
10.1016/0360-3016(90)90439-q. [PMID: 2140824] - M Pietrzak. [The influence of CCNU (lomustine) on the neurosecretion of hypothalamic nuclei and the neurohypophysis during early stages of extrauterine development of the rat].
Neuropatologia polska.
1990; 28(1-2):83-91. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 2097538] - E A Livesey, C G Brook. Thyroid dysfunction after radiotherapy and chemotherapy of brain tumours.
Archives of disease in childhood.
1989 Apr; 64(4):593-5. doi:
10.1136/adc.64.4.593. [PMID: 2751333] - M E Dolan, G L Larkin, H F English, A E Pegg. Depletion of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity in mammalian tissues and human tumor xenografts in nude mice by treatment with O6-methylguanine.
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology.
1989; 25(2):103-8. doi:
10.1007/bf00692348. [PMID: 2557168] - A El-Yazigi, C R Martin. Capillary gas chromatography and thermionic N-P-specific detection of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) or 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) in stability and pharmacokinetic studies.
Pharmaceutical research.
1988 Apr; 5(4):220-5. doi:
10.1023/a:1015989612562. [PMID: 3247301] - G Raguenez-Viotte, M Lahoue, T Ducastelle, J P Morin, J P Fillastre. CCNU-adriamycin association induces earlier and more severe nephropathy in rats.
Archives of toxicology.
1988; 61(4):282-91. doi:
10.1007/bf00364851. [PMID: 3377683] - J Kühböck, P Pötzi, T Madaras. Palliative and adjuvant chemotherapy of metastatic renal cancer.
Seminars in surgical oncology.
1988; 4(2):116-23. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 2455928] - A A Kasperlik-Zaluska, J Wislawski, J Kaniewska, J Zborzil, E Frankiewicz, S Zgliczyński. Cytostatics for acromegaly. Marked improvement in a patient with an invasive pituitary tumour.
Acta endocrinologica.
1987 Nov; 116(3):347-9. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 3687320] - T W Pendergrass, J M Milstein, J R Geyer, A F Mulne, E J Kosnik, J D Morris, R L Heideman, F B Ruymann, J T Stuntz, W A Bleyer. Eight drugs in one day chemotherapy for brain tumors: experience in 107 children and rationale for preradiation chemotherapy.
Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
1987 Aug; 5(8):1221-31. doi:
10.1200/jco.1987.5.8.1221. [PMID: 3040919] - F Y Lee, P Workman, K H Cheeseman. Misonidazole and benznidazole inhibit hydroxylation of CCNU by mouse liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 in vitro.
Biochemical pharmacology.
1987 Apr; 36(8):1349-55. doi:
10.1016/0006-2952(87)90093-1. [PMID: 3593422] - A E Ahmed, M Grissom, R el-Azhary, A Haque, P J Boor, J Costanzi. Studies on the mechanism of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU)-induced hepatotoxicity. II. Biochemical and morphological characterization of the injury and its prevention by phenobarbital.
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology.
1987; 19(2):103-8. doi:
10.1007/bf00254560. [PMID: 3105904] - M R Chasen, G Falkson, C A van der Merwe, R J Dreyer, A P Terblanche. Prognostic factors in patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung.
South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde.
1986 Dec; 70(13):812-4. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 3026057] - E Osby, M Beksac, P Reizenstein. Alternating combination chemotherapy does not delay development of refractoriness in myeloma.
Anticancer research.
1986 Sep; 6(5):1145-7. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 3800322] - F Y Lee, P Workman. Interaction of nitroimidazole sensitizers with drug metabolizing enzymes--spectral and kinetic studies.
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.
1986 Aug; 12(8):1383-7. doi:
10.1016/0360-3016(86)90177-x. [PMID: 3759560] - F Valeriote, J Dieckman, G Chabot. Schedule-dependent potentiation of lomustine cytotoxicity by amphotericin B in mice.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
1986 Mar; 76(3):521-5. doi:
. [PMID: 3456466] - C A Presant, P Kennedy, C Wiseman, K Gala, J D Smith, A Bouzaglou, M Farbstein, P Multhauf, M Bertrand, L Green. Pilot phase II trial of amphotericin B and CCNU in renal and colorectal carcinomas.
European journal of cancer & clinical oncology.
1986 Mar; 22(3):329-30. doi:
10.1016/0277-5379(86)90399-8. [PMID: 3709601] - W Lijinsky, R M Kovatch, S S Singer. Carcinogenesis in F-344 rats induced by nitrosohydroxyalkyl-chloroethylureas.
Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology.
1986; 112(3):221-8. doi:
10.1007/bf00395916. [PMID: 3782261] - G Eisenbrand, N Müller, E Denkel, W Sterzel. DNA adducts and DNA damage by antineoplastic and carcinogenic N-nitrosocompounds.
Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology.
1986; 112(3):196-204. doi:
10.1007/bf00395912. [PMID: 3536942] - S Oi, S Matsumoto, A J Raimondi. [Brain tumors in infants and children--factors affecting prognosis, (Part-3). Mode of metastasis and prognosis in medulloblastoma].
No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery.
1985 Dec; 13(12):1273-80. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 4088449] - M J Tisdale, R A Brennan. Role of fluroacetate in the toxicity of 2-fluroethylnitrosoureas.
Biochemical pharmacology.
1985 Sep; 34(18):3323-7. doi:
10.1016/0006-2952(85)90353-3. [PMID: 4038340] - E Robinson, N Haim, R Segal, Z Veseley, T Mekori. Combined-modality treatment of inoperable lung cancer (i.v. immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy).
Cancer treatment reports.
1985 Mar; 69(3):251-8. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 2983892] - F Y Lee, P Workman. Misonidazole protects mouse tumour and normal tissues from the toxicity of oral CCNU.
British journal of cancer.
1985 Jan; 51(1):85-91. doi:
10.1038/bjc.1985.12. [PMID: 3966974] - F Y Lee, P Workman, J T Roberts, N M Bleehen. Clinical pharmacokinetics of oral CCNU (lomustine).
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology.
1985; 14(2):125-31. doi:
10.1007/bf00434350. [PMID: 3971475] - M E Ellis, R B Weiss, M Kuperminc. Nephrotoxicity of lomustine. A case report and literature review.
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology.
1985; 15(2):174-5. doi:
10.1007/bf00257532. [PMID: 4017166] - H H Sommer, S D Fosså, H H Lien. Combination chemotherapy of advanced renal cell cancer with CCNU and vinblastine.
Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology.
1985; 14(3):277-8. doi:
10.1007/bf00258134. [PMID: 3995687] - R G Russo, M T Cattaneo, I Bartosek. Pharmacokinetics of nitrosoureas: comparison of 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) after oral and intravenous administration to rats.
Tumori.
1984 Dec; 70(6):499-502. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 6531792] - E G Rhodes, E A Boesen, R E Corringham, K B Matthews, E G Tuddenham, P B Kernoff. Disappearance of antibodies to Factor VIII in a patient with acquired haemophilia and carcinoma of the pancreas during cytotoxic therapy with fluorouracil and CCNU.
Thrombosis and haemostasis.
1984 Oct; 52(2):131-3. doi:
10.1055/s-0038-1661156. [PMID: 6084319] - J T Roberts, N M Bleehen, F Y Lee, P Workman, M I Walton. A phase I study of the combination of benznidazole and CCNU in man.
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.
1984 Sep; 10(9):1745-8. doi:
10.1016/0360-3016(84)90541-8. [PMID: 6480457] - F Y Lee, P Workman. Nitroimidazoles as modifiers of nitrosourea pharmacokinetics.
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.
1984 Sep; 10(9):1627-30. doi:
10.1016/0360-3016(84)90516-9. [PMID: 6237080] - S Tong, Y Hirokata, C L Litterst, T E Gram. Interaction of the oncolytic drug, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea with the mixed-function oxidase system in rats.
Chemico-biological interactions.
1984 Apr; 49(1-2):105-19. doi:
10.1016/0009-2797(84)90055-3. [PMID: 6722931] - D W Potter, W Levin, D E Ryan, P E Thomas, D J Reed. Stereoselective monooxygenation of carcinostatic 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(cyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea by purified cytochrome P-450 isozymes.
Biochemical pharmacology.
1984 Feb; 33(4):609-13. doi:
10.1016/0006-2952(84)90316-2. [PMID: 6704177] - P R Twentyman, P Workman. Chemosensitization by lipophilic nitroimidazoles.
British journal of cancer.
1983 Jul; 48(1):17-26. doi:
10.1038/bjc.1983.152. [PMID: 6871076] - L H Brubaker, M B Troner, R Birch. Advanced adenocarcinoma of the kidney: therapy with lomustine, vinblastine, hydroxyurea, and medroxyprogesterone acetate and regression analysis of factors relating to survival.
Cancer treatment reports.
1983 Jul; 67(7-8):741-2. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 6223695] - H S Maker, C Weiss, T S Brannan. The effects of BCNU (1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) and CCNU (1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) on glutathione reductase and other enzymes in mouse tissue.
Research communications in chemical pathology and pharmacology.
1983 Jun; 40(3):355-66. doi:
. [PMID: 6622814] - D G Hirst, J M Brown, J L Hazlehurst. Effect of partition coefficient on the ability of nitroimidazoles to enhance the cytotoxicity of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea.
Cancer research.
1983 May; 43(5):1961-5. doi:
. [PMID: 6682009] - F Y Lee, P Workman. Modification of CCNU pharmacokinetics by misonidazole--a major mechanism of chemosensitization in mice.
British journal of cancer.
1983 May; 47(5):659-69. doi:
10.1038/bjc.1983.104. [PMID: 6849803] - W J Suling, L S Rice, W M Shannon. Increased mutagenicity of chloroethylnitrosoureas in the presence of a rat liver S9 microsome mixture.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
1983 Apr; 70(4):767-9. doi:
NULL. [PMID: 6220173]
