Paraxanthine (BioDeep_00000001123)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000229699, BioDeep_00000399901

natural product human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Endogenous blood metabolite


代谢物信息卡片


3,7-Dihydro-1,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione

化学式: C7H8N4O2 (180.0647228)
中文名称: 1,7-二甲基黄嘌呤
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 0.07%

Reviewed

Last reviewed on 2024-06-29.

Cite this Page

Paraxanthine. BioDeep Database v3. PANOMIX ltd, a top metabolomics service provider from China. https://query.biodeep.cn/s/paraxanthine (retrieved 2024-09-19) (BioDeep RN: BioDeep_00000001123). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

分子结构信息

SMILES: Cn1c(O)nc2ncn(C)c2c1=O
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H8N4O2/c1-10-3-8-5-4(10)6(12)11(2)7(13)9-5/h3H,1-2H3,(H,9,13)

描述信息

Paraxanthine, also known as p-xanthine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthines. These are purine derivatives with a ketone group conjugated at carbons 2 and 6 of the purine moiety. Paraxanthine exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, paraxanthine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, paraxanthine and formaldehyde can be biosynthesized from caffeine; which is catalyzed by the enzyme cytochrome P450 1A2. In addition, paraxanthine and acetyl-CoA can be converted into 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil through its interaction with the enzyme arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2. In humans, paraxanthine is involved in caffeine metabolism.
1,7-dimethylxanthine (paraxanthine) is the preferential path of caffeine metabolism in humans.
Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST.
Paraxanthine, a caffeine metabolite, provides protection against Dopaminergic cell death via stimulation of Ryanodine Receptor Channels.

同义名列表

5 个代谢物同义名

3,7-Dihydro-1,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione; 1,7-Dimethyl-xanthine; 1,7-Dimethylxanthine; paraxanthine; p-Xanthine



数据库引用编号

23 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(6)

BioCyc(2)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

64 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(51)

BioCyc(3)

WikiPathways(1)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(3)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(5)

  • Caffeine Metabolism: Oxygen + Paraxanthine + Water ⟶ 1,7-Dimethyluric acid + Hydrogen peroxide
  • Caffeine Metabolism: Oxygen + Paraxanthine + Water ⟶ 1,7-Dimethyluric acid + Hydrogen peroxide
  • Caffeine Metabolism: Oxygen + Paraxanthine + Water ⟶ 1,7-Dimethyluric acid + Hydrogen peroxide
  • Caffeine Metabolism: Oxygen + Paraxanthine + Water ⟶ 1,7-Dimethyluric acid + Hydrogen peroxide
  • Caffeine Metabolism: Oxygen + Paraxanthine + Water ⟶ 1,7-Dimethyluric acid + Hydrogen peroxide

PharmGKB(1)

9 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Gaëlle Magliocco, Jules Desmeules, Caroline Flora Samer, Aurélien Thomas, Youssef Daali. Evaluation of CYP1A2 activity: Relationship between the endogenous urinary 6-hydroxymelatonin to melatonin ratio and paraxanthine to caffeine ratio in dried blood spots. Clinical and translational science. 2022 06; 15(6):1482-1491. doi: 10.1111/cts.13263. [PMID: 35338582]
  • Ralf Jäger, Martin Purpura, Shawn D Wells, Kylin Liao, Ashok Godavarthi. Paraxanthine Supplementation Increases Muscle Mass, Strength, and Endurance in Mice. Nutrients. 2022 Feb; 14(4):. doi: 10.3390/nu14040893. [PMID: 35215543]
  • Kristen J Polinski, Alexandra Purdue-Smithe, Sonia L Robinson, Sifang Kathy Zhao, Karen C Schliep, Robert M Silver, Weihua Guan, Enrique F Schisterman, Sunni L Mumford, Edwina H Yeung. Maternal caffeine intake and DNA methylation in newborn cord blood. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2022 02; 115(2):482-491. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab348. [PMID: 34669932]
  • Dusan Petrovic, Menno Pruijm, Belén Ponte, Nasser A Dhayat, Daniel Ackermann, Georg Ehret, Nicolas Ansermot, Bruno Vogt, Pierre-Yves Martin, Silvia Stringhini, Sandrine Estoppey-Younès, Lutgarde Thijs, Zhenyu Zhang, Jesus D Melgarejo, Chin B Eap, Jan A Staessen, Murielle Bochud, Idris Guessous. Investigating the Relations Between Caffeine-Derived Metabolites and Plasma Lipids in 2 Population-Based Studies. Mayo Clinic proceedings. 2021 12; 96(12):3071-3085. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.05.030. [PMID: 34579945]
  • Martin Kertys, Nela Žideková, Kristián Pršo, Katarína Maráková, Katarína Kmeťová, Juraj Mokrý. Simultaneous determination of caffeine and its metabolites in rat plasma by UHPLC-MS/MS. Journal of separation science. 2021 Dec; 44(23):4274-4283. doi: 10.1002/jssc.202100604. [PMID: 34626085]
  • Bassam Lajin, Natascha Schweighofer, Walter Goessler, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch. The determination of the Paraxanthine/Caffeine ratio as a metabolic biomarker for CYP1A2 activity in various human matrices by UHPLC-ESIMS/MS. Talanta. 2021 Nov; 234(?):122658. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122658. [PMID: 34364467]
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  • Kacey Y Eichelberger, Arthur M Baker, Padmashree C Woodham, Sina Haeri, Robert A Strauss, Alison M Stuebe. Second-Trimester Maternal Serum Paraxanthine, CYP1A2 Activity, and the Risk of Severe Preeclampsia. Obstetrics and gynecology. 2015 Oct; 126(4):725-730. doi: 10.1097/aog.0000000000001041. [PMID: 26348183]
  • Ayorinde Adehin, Oluseye O Bolaji. Polymorphisms of CYP1A2 and CYP2A6 activity: phenotypes and the effect of age and sex in a Nigerian population. Drug metabolism and personalized therapy. 2015 Sep; 30(3):203-10. doi: 10.1515/dmpt-2015-0001. [PMID: 26098700]
  • Pieter M M De Kesel, Willy E Lambert, Christophe P Stove. Paraxanthine/Caffeine Concentration Ratios in Hair: An Alternative for Plasma-Based Phenotyping of Cytochrome P450 1A2?. Clinical pharmacokinetics. 2015 Jul; 54(7):771-81. doi: 10.1007/s40262-015-0237-7. [PMID: 25603821]
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