NCBI Taxonomy: 212925
Euphorbia lathyris (ncbi_taxid: 212925)
found 116 associated metabolites at species taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Euphorbia sect. Lathyris
Child Taxonomies: none taxonomy data.
Aesculetin
Aesculetin, also known as cichorigenin or cichoriin aglucon, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 6,7-dihydroxycoumarins. These are coumarins bearing two hydroxyl groups at positions 6 and 7 of the coumarin skeleton, respectively. Aesculetin is found, on average, in the highest concentration within sherries. Aesculetin has also been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as horseradish, carrots, dandelions, grape wines, and highbush blueberries. This could make aesculetin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Esculetin is a hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light. It has a role as an antioxidant, an ultraviolet filter and a plant metabolite. Esculetin is a natural product found in Artemisia eriopoda, Euphorbia decipiens, and other organisms with data available. A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light. Metabolite of infected sweet potato. Aesculetin is found in many foods, some of which are root vegetables, wild carrot, sweet basil, and carrot. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. [Raw Data] CB031_Aesculetin_pos_20eV_CB000017.txt [Raw Data] CB031_Aesculetin_pos_10eV_CB000017.txt [Raw Data] CB031_Aesculetin_pos_40eV_CB000017.txt [Raw Data] CB031_Aesculetin_pos_50eV_CB000017.txt [Raw Data] CB031_Aesculetin_pos_30eV_CB000017.txt [Raw Data] CB031_Aesculetin_neg_10eV_000010.txt [Raw Data] CB031_Aesculetin_neg_20eV_000010.txt [Raw Data] CB031_Aesculetin_neg_30eV_000010.txt CONFIDENCE standard compound; ML_ID 39 Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities[1]. Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities[1]. Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities[1].
Ingenol
Ingenol is a tetracyclic diterpenoid that is 1a,2,5,5a,6,9,10,10a-octahydro-1H-2,8a-methanocyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e][10]annulen-11-one substituted at positions 5, 5a and 6 by hydroxy groups, positions 1, 1, 7 and 9 by methyl groups, position 4 by a hydroxymethyl group and position 1 by an oxo group (the 1aR,2S,5R,5aR,6S,8aS,9R,10aR diastereomer). It is a tetracyclic diterpenoid and a cyclic terpene ketone. Ingenol is a natural product found in Euphorbia villosa, Euphorbia illirica, and other organisms with data available. Ingenol is a PKC activator, with a Ki of 30 μM, with antitumor activity. Ingenol is a PKC activator, with a Ki of 30 μM, with antitumor activity.
Aesculin
Esculin is a hydroxycoumarin that is the 6-O-beta-D-glucoside of esculetin. It has a role as an antioxidant and a metabolite. It is a beta-D-glucoside and a hydroxycoumarin. It is functionally related to an esculetin. Esculin is found in barley. Vitamin C2 is generally considered a bioflavanoid, related to vitamin P esculin is a glucoside that naturally occurs in the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), California Buckeye (Aesculus californica) and in daphnin (the dark green resin of Daphne mezereum). Esculin belongs to the family of Glycosyl Compounds. These are carbohydrate derivatives in which a sugar group is bonded through its anmoeric carbonA to another group via a C-, S-,N-,O-, or Se- glycosidic bond. Esculin is a natural product found in Ficus septica, Gardenia jasminoides, and other organisms with data available. A derivative of COUMARIN with molecular formula C15H16O9. See also: Horse Chestnut (part of); Aesculus hippocastanum bark (part of). Aesculin is found in barley. Vitamin C2 is generally considered a bioflavanoid, related to vitamin P Aesculin is a glucoside that naturally occurs in the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), California Buckeye (Aesculus californica) and in daphnin (the dark green resin of Daphne mezereum) Vitamin C2 is generally considered a bioflavanoid, related to vitamin P A hydroxycoumarin that is the 6-O-beta-D-glucoside of esculetin. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Esculin, a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, is an active ingredient of ash bark[1]. Esculin ameliorates cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN), and exerts anti?oxidative stress and anti?inflammatory effects, via the MAPK signaling pathway[2]. Esculin, a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, is an active ingredient of ash bark[1]. Esculin ameliorates cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN), and exerts anti?oxidative stress and anti?inflammatory effects, via the MAPK signaling pathway[2].
Daphnetol
7,8-dihydroxycoumarin is a hydroxycoumarin. Daphnetin is a natural product found in Euphorbia dracunculoides, Rhododendron lepidotum, and other organisms with data available. Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4]. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4]. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4]. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research Daphnetin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=486-35-1 (retrieved 2024-09-04) (CAS RN: 486-35-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Campesterol
Campesterol is a phytosterol, meaning it is a steroid derived from plants. As a food additive, phytosterols have cholesterol-lowering properties (reducing cholesterol absorption in intestines), and may act in cancer prevention. Phytosterols naturally occur in small amount in vegetable oils, especially soybean oil. One such phytosterol complex, isolated from vegetable oil, is cholestatin, composed of campesterol, stigmasterol, and brassicasterol, and is marketed as a dietary supplement. Sterols can reduce cholesterol in human subjects by up to 15\\\\\%. The mechanism behind phytosterols and the lowering of cholesterol occurs as follows : the incorporation of cholesterol into micelles in the gastrointestinal tract is inhibited, decreasing the overall amount of cholesterol absorbed. This may in turn help to control body total cholesterol levels, as well as modify HDL, LDL and TAG levels. Many margarines, butters, breakfast cereals and spreads are now enriched with phytosterols and marketed towards people with high cholesterol and a wish to lower it. -- Wikipedia. Campesterol is a member of phytosterols, a 3beta-sterol, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid and a C28-steroid. It has a role as a mouse metabolite. It derives from a hydride of a campestane. Campesterol is a natural product found in Haplophyllum bucharicum, Bugula neritina, and other organisms with data available. Campesterol is a steroid derivative that is the simplest sterol, characterized by the hydroxyl group in position C-3 of the steroid skeleton, and saturated bonds throughout the sterol structure, with the exception of the 5-6 double bond in the B ring. Campesterol. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=474-62-4 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 474-62-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects. Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects.
Isofucosterol
Isofucosterol, also known as delta5-avenasterol, is a phytosterol. Phytosterols, or plant sterols, are compounds that occur naturally and bear a close structural resemblance to cholesterol but have different side-chain configurations. Phytosterols are relevant in pharmaceuticals (production of therapeutic steroids), nutrition (anti-cholesterol additives in functional foods, anti-cancer properties), and cosmetics (creams, lipstick). Phytosterols can be obtained from vegetable oils or from industrial wastes, which gives an added value to the latter. Considerable efforts have been recently dedicated to the development of efficient processes for phytosterol isolation from natural sources. The present work aims to summarize information on the applications of phytosterols and to review recent approaches, mainly from the industry, for the large-scale recovery of phytosterols (PMID: 17123816, 16481154). Isofucosterol is found to be associated with phytosterolemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism. Isofucosterol, also known as (24z)-stigmasta-5,24(28)-dien-3-ol or delta5-avenasterol, belongs to stigmastanes and derivatives class of compounds. Those are sterol lipids with a structure based on the stigmastane skeleton, which consists of a cholestane moiety bearing an ethyl group at the carbon atom C24. Thus, isofucosterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. Isofucosterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Isofucosterol can be found in a number of food items such as globe artichoke, gooseberry, deerberry, and ucuhuba, which makes isofucosterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Isofucosterol can be found primarily in blood. Moreover, isofucosterol is found to be associated with sitosterolemia. Isofucosterol is a 3beta-sterol consisting of stigmastan-3beta-ol with double bonds at positions 5 and 24(28). The double bond at postion 24(28) adopts a Z-configuration. It has a role as an animal metabolite, a plant metabolite, an algal metabolite and a marine metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a C29-steroid and a member of phytosterols. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane. Fucosterol is a natural product found in Echinometra lucunter, Ulva fasciata, and other organisms with data available. A 3beta-sterol consisting of stigmastan-3beta-ol with double bonds at positions 5 and 24(28). The double bond at postion 24(28) adopts a Z-configuration. Fucosterol is a sterol isolated from algae, seaweed or diatoms.?Fucosterol exhibits various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-adipogenic, blood cholesterol reducing, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer activities[1][2]. Fucosterol regulates adipogenesis via inhibition of?PPARα?and?C/EBPα?expression and can be used for anti-obesity agents development research. Isofucosterol. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=481-14-1 (retrieved 2024-10-08) (CAS RN: 481-14-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Stigmasterol
Stigmasterol is a phytosterol, meaning it is steroid derived from plants. As a food additive, phytosterols have cholesterol-lowering properties (reducing cholesterol absorption in intestines), and may act in cancer prevention. Phytosterols naturally occur in small amount in vegetable oils, especially soybean oil. One such phytosterol complex, isolated from vegetable oil, is cholestatin, composed of campesterol, stigmasterol, and brassicasterol, and is marketed as a dietary supplement. Sterols can reduce cholesterol in human subjects by up to 15\\%. The mechanism behind phytosterols and the lowering of cholesterol occurs as follows : the incorporation of cholesterol into micelles in the gastrointestinal tract is inhibited, decreasing the overall amount of cholesterol absorbed. This may in turn help to control body total cholesterol levels, as well as modify HDL, LDL and TAG levels. Many margarines, butters, breakfast cereals and spreads are now enriched with phytosterols and marketed towards people with high cholesterol and a wish to lower it. Stigmasterol is found to be associated with phytosterolemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism. Stigmasterol is a 3beta-sterol that consists of 3beta-hydroxystigmastane having double bonds at the 5,6- and 22,23-positions. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol, a stigmastane sterol, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid and a member of phytosterols. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane. Stigmasterol is a natural product found in Ficus auriculata, Xylopia aromatica, and other organisms with data available. Stigmasterol is a steroid derivative characterized by the hydroxyl group in position C-3 of the steroid skeleton, and unsaturated bonds in position 5-6 of the B ring, and position 22-23 in the alkyl substituent. Stigmasterol is found in the fats and oils of soybean, calabar bean and rape seed, as well as several other vegetables, legumes, nuts, seeds, and unpasteurized milk. See also: Comfrey Root (part of); Saw Palmetto (part of); Plantago ovata seed (part of). Stigmasterol is an unsaturated plant sterol occurring in the plant fats or oils of soybean, calabar bean, and rape seed, and in a number of medicinal herbs, including the Chinese herbs Ophiopogon japonicus (Mai men dong) and American Ginseng. Stigmasterol is also found in various vegetables, legumes, nuts, seeds, and unpasteurized milk. A 3beta-sterol that consists of 3beta-hydroxystigmastane having double bonds at the 5,6- and 22,23-positions. C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68437 - Unsaturated Phytosterol
beta-Sitosterol
beta-Sitosterol, a main dietary phytosterol found in plants, may have the potential for prevention and therapy for human cancer. Phytosterols are plant sterols found in foods such as oils, nuts, and vegetables. Phytosterols, in the same way as cholesterol, contain a double bond and are susceptible to oxidation, and are characterized by anti-carcinogenic and anti-atherogenic properties (PMID:13129445, 11432711). beta-Sitosterol is a phytopharmacological extract containing a mixture of phytosterols, with smaller amounts of other sterols, bonded with glucosides. These phytosterols are commonly derived from the South African star grass, Hypoxis rooperi, or from species of Pinus and Picea. The purported active constituent is termed beta-sitosterol. Additionally, the quantity of beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucoside is often reported. Although the exact mechanism of action of beta-sitosterols is unknown, it may be related to cholesterol metabolism or anti-inflammatory effects (via interference with prostaglandin metabolism). Compared with placebo, beta-sitosterol improved urinary symptom scores and flow measures (PMID:10368239). A plant food-based diet modifies the serum beta-sitosterol concentration in hyperandrogenic postmenopausal women. This finding indicates that beta-sitosterol can be used as a biomarker of exposure in observational studies or as a compliance indicator in dietary intervention studies of cancer prevention (PMID:14652381). beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis and activates key caspases in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells (PMID:12579296). Sitosterol is a member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. It has a role as a sterol methyltransferase inhibitor, an anticholesteremic drug, an antioxidant, a plant metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a 3beta-sterol, a stigmastane sterol, a 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid, a C29-steroid and a member of phytosterols. It derives from a hydride of a stigmastane. Active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity. Beta-Sitosterol is a natural product found in Elodea canadensis, Ophiopogon intermedius, and other organisms with data available. beta-Sitosterol is one of several phytosterols (plant sterols) with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol. Sitosterols are white, waxy powders with a characteristic odor. They are hydrophobic and soluble in alcohols. beta-Sitosterol is found in many foods, some of which are ginseng, globe artichoke, sesbania flower, and common oregano. C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68437 - Unsaturated Phytosterol D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\\%) is a plant sterol. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\\%) interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation[1]. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\%) is a plant sterol. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\%) interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation[1].
Taraxerol
Taraxerol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanan-3-ol lacking the methyl group at position 14, with an alpha-methyl substituent at position 13 and a double bond between positions 14 and 15. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a secondary alcohol. Taraxerol is a natural product found in Diospyros morrisiana, Liatris acidota, and other organisms with data available. See also: Myrica cerifera root bark (part of). Constituent of Taraxacum officinale (dandelion). Taraxerol is found in many foods, some of which are kiwi, scarlet bean, prairie turnip, and grapefruit/pummelo hybrid. Taraxerol is found in alcoholic beverages. Taraxerol is a constituent of Taraxacum officinale (dandelion)
Euphol
Euphol is a triterpenoid. Euphol is a natural product found in Euphorbia nicaeensis, Euphorbia boetica, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of Euphorbia subspecies (CCD). Euphol is found in many foods, some of which are cucumber, soy bean, shea tree, and tea. Euphol is found in cucumber. Euphol is a constituent of Euphorbia species (CCD) Euphol is a tetracyclic triterpene alcohol isolated from the sap of Euphorbia tirucalli with anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, orally active. Euphol inhibits the monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) activity via a reversible mechanism (IC50=315 nM). MGL inhibition in the periphery modulates the endocannabinoid system to block the development of inflammatory pain[1]. Euphol is a tetracyclic triterpene alcohol isolated from the sap of Euphorbia tirucalli with anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, orally active. Euphol inhibits the monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) activity via a reversible mechanism (IC50=315 nM). MGL inhibition in the periphery modulates the endocannabinoid system to block the development of inflammatory pain[1]. Euphol is a tetracyclic triterpene alcohol isolated from the sap of Euphorbia tirucalli with anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, orally active. Euphol inhibits the monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) activity via a reversible mechanism (IC50=315 nM). MGL inhibition in the periphery modulates the endocannabinoid system to block the development of inflammatory pain[1].
Lupeol
Lupeol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane in which the hydrogen at the 3beta position is substituted by a hydroxy group. It occurs in the skin of lupin seeds, as well as in the latex of fig trees and of rubber plants. It is also found in many edible fruits and vegetables. It has a role as an anti-inflammatory drug and a plant metabolite. It is a secondary alcohol and a pentacyclic triterpenoid. It derives from a hydride of a lupane. Lupeol has been investigated for the treatment of Acne. Lupeol is a natural product found in Ficus auriculata, Ficus septica, and other organisms with data available. See also: Calendula Officinalis Flower (part of). A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane in which the hydrogen at the 3beta position is substituted by a hydroxy group. It occurs in the skin of lupin seeds, as well as in the latex of fig trees and of rubber plants. It is also found in many edible fruits and vegetables. D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents Lupeol (Clerodol; Monogynol B; Fagarasterol) is an active pentacyclic?triterpenoid, has anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Lupeol is a potent?androgen receptor (AR)?inhibitor and can be used for cancer research, especially prostate cancer of androgen-dependent phenotype (ADPC) and castration resistant phenotype (CRPC)[1]. Lupeol (Clerodol; Monogynol B; Fagarasterol) is an active pentacyclic?triterpenoid, has anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Lupeol is a potent?androgen receptor (AR)?inhibitor and can be used for cancer research, especially prostate cancer of androgen-dependent phenotype (ADPC) and castration resistant phenotype (CRPC)[1].
Betulin
Betulin is found in black elderberry. Betulin is a constituent of Corylus avellana (filbert) and Vicia faba. Betulin (lup-20(29)-ene-3 ,28-diol) is an abundant naturally occurring triterpene. It is commonly isolated from the bark of birch trees and forms up to 30\\\\\% of the dry weight of the extractive. The purpose of the compound in the bark is not known. It can be converted to betulinic acid (the alcohol group replaced by a carboxylic acid group), which is biologically more active than betulin itself. Chemically, betulin is a triterpenoid of lupane structure. It has a pentacyclic ring structure, and hydroxyl groups in positions C3 and C28 Betulin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents. It has a role as a metabolite, an antiviral agent, an analgesic, an anti-inflammatory agent and an antineoplastic agent. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a diol. It derives from a hydride of a lupane. Betulin is a natural product found in Diospyros morrisiana, Euonymus carnosus, and other organisms with data available. A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents. Constituent of Corylus avellana (filbert) and Vicia faba Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line. Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line. Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line.
Phytol
Phytol, also known as trans-phytol or 3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol, is a member of the class of compounds known as acyclic diterpenoids. Acyclic diterpenoids are diterpenoids (compounds made of four consecutive isoprene units) that do not contain a cycle. Thus, phytol is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. Phytol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Phytol can be found in a number of food items such as salmonberry, rose hip, malus (crab apple), and black raspberry, which makes phytol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Phytol can be found primarily in human fibroblasts tissue. Phytol is an acyclic diterpene alcohol that can be used as a precursor for the manufacture of synthetic forms of vitamin E and vitamin K1. In ruminants, the gut fermentation of ingested plant materials liberates phytol, a constituent of chlorophyll, which is then converted to phytanic acid and stored in fats. In shark liver it yields pristane . Phytol is a diterpenoid that is hexadec-2-en-1-ol substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11 and 15. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a schistosomicide drug and an algal metabolite. It is a diterpenoid and a long-chain primary fatty alcohol. Phytol is a natural product found in Elodea canadensis, Wendlandia formosana, and other organisms with data available. Phytol is an acyclic diterpene alcohol and a constituent of chlorophyll. Phytol is commonly used as a precursor for the manufacture of synthetic forms of vitamin E and vitamin K1. Furthermore, phytol also was shown to modulate transcription in cells via transcription factors PPAR-alpha and retinoid X receptor (RXR). Acyclic diterpene used in making synthetic forms of vitamin E and vitamin K1. Phytol is a natural linear diterpene alcohol which is used in the preparation of vitamins E and K1. It is also a decomposition product of chlorophyll. It is an oily liquid that is nearly insoluble in water, but soluble in most organic solvents. -- Wikipedia. A diterpenoid that is hexadec-2-en-1-ol substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11 and 15. C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28269 - Phytochemical Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Phytol ((E)?-?Phytol), a diterpene alcohol from chlorophyll widely used as a food additive and in medicinal fields, possesses promising antischistosomal properties. Phytol has antinociceptive and antioxidant activitiesas well as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. Phytol has antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus[1]. Phytol ((E)?-?Phytol), a diterpene alcohol from chlorophyll widely used as a food additive and in medicinal fields, possesses promising antischistosomal properties. Phytol has antinociceptive and antioxidant activitiesas well as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. Phytol has antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus[1].
Nonacosane
Nonacosane, also known as CH3-[CH2]27-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Nonacosane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Thus, nonacosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Nonacosane is a straight-chain hydrocarbon with a molecular formula of C29H60. Nonacosane has been identified within several essential oils. Nonacosane has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as peachs, ginkgo nuts, cauliflowers, arabica coffee, and lambsquarters. This could make nonacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Nonacosane occurs naturally and has been reported to be a component of a pheromone of Orgyia leucostigma, and evidence suggests it plays a role in the chemical communication of several insects, including the female Anopheles stephensi (a mosquito). It can also be prepared synthetically. It has 1,590,507,121 constitutional isomers. Nonacosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]27-ch3, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, nonacosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Nonacosane can be found in a number of food items such as garden tomato (variety), papaya, brussel sprouts, and wild carrot, which makes nonacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Nonacosane occurs naturally and has been reported to be a component of a pheromone of Orgyia leucostigma, and evidence suggests it plays a role in the chemical communication of several insects, including the female Anopheles stephensi (a mosquito) . Nonacosane is a straight-chain alkane comprising of 29 carbon atoms. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a volatile oil component. Nonacosane is a natural product found in Euphorbia larica, Quercus salicina, and other organisms with data available. See also: Moringa oleifera leaf oil (part of). A straight-chain alkane comprising of 29 carbon atoms. Nonacosane, isolated from Baphia massaiensis, exhibits weak activities against E. coli, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus[1]. Nonacosane, isolated from Baphia massaiensis, exhibits weak activities against E. coli, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus[1].
Cycloartenol
Cycloartenol is found in alcoholic beverages. Cycloartenol is a constituent of Artocarpus integrifolia fruits and Solanum tuberosum (potato) Cycloartenol is a sterol precursor in photosynthetic organisms and plants. The biosynthesis of cycloartenol starts from the triterpenoid squalene. Its structure is also related to triterpenoid lanosterol Cycloartenol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, a 3beta-sterol and a member of phytosterols. It has a role as a plant metabolite. It derives from a hydride of a lanostane. Cycloartenol is a natural product found in Euphorbia nicaeensis, Euphorbia boetica, and other organisms with data available. Constituent of Artocarpus integrifolia fruits and Solanum tuberosum (potato)
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol. This is because researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones in 1784. In the body, cholesterol can exist in either the free form or as an ester with a single fatty acid (of 10-20 carbons in length) covalently attached to the hydroxyl group at position 3 of the cholesterol ring. Due to the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Most of the cholesterol consumed as a dietary lipid exists as cholesterol esters. Cholesterol esters have a lower solubility in water than cholesterol and are more hydrophobic. They are hydrolyzed by the pancreatic enzyme cholesterol esterase to produce cholesterol and free fatty acids. Cholesterol has vital structural roles in membranes and in lipid metabolism in general. It is a biosynthetic precursor of bile acids, vitamin D, and steroid hormones (glucocorticoids, estrogens, progesterones, androgens and aldosterone). In addition, it contributes to the development and functioning of the central nervous system, and it has major functions in signal transduction and sperm development. Cholesterol is a ubiquitous component of all animal tissues where much of it is located in the membranes, although it is not evenly distributed. The highest proportion of unesterified cholesterol is in the plasma membrane (roughly 30-50\\\\% of the lipid in the membrane or 60-80\\\\% of the cholesterol in the cell), while mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum have very low cholesterol contents. Cholesterol is also enriched in early and recycling endosomes, but not in late endosomes. The brain contains more cholesterol than any other organ where it comprises roughly a quarter of the total free cholesterol in the human body. Of all the organic constituents of blood, only glucose is present in a higher molar concentration than cholesterol. Cholesterol esters appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and as a biologically inert storage (de-toxified) form. They do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles. Cholesterol molecules (i.e. cholesterol esters) are transported throughout the body via lipoprotein particles. The largest lipoproteins, which primarily transport fats from the intestinal mucosa to the liver, are called chylomicrons. They carry mostly triglyceride fats and cholesterol that are from food, especially internal cholesterol secreted by the liver into the bile. In the liver, chylomicron particles give up triglycerides and some cholesterol. They are then converted into low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, which carry triglycerides and cholesterol on to other body cells. In healthy individuals, the LDL particles are large and relatively few in number. In contrast, large numbers of small LDL particles are strongly associated with promoting atheromatous disease within the arteries. (Lack of information on LDL particle number and size is one of the major problems of conventional lipid tests.). In conditions with elevated concentrations of oxidized LDL particles, especially small LDL particles, cholesterol promotes atheroma plaque deposits in the walls of arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis, which is a major contributor to coronary heart disease and other forms of cardiovascular disease. There is a worldwide trend to believe that lower total cholesterol levels tend to correlate with lower atherosclerosis event rates (though some studies refute this idea). As a result, cholesterol has become a very large focus for the scientific community trying to determine the proper amount of cholesterol needed in a healthy diet. However, the primary association of atherosclerosis with c... Constituent either free or as esters, of fish liver oils, lard, dairy fats, egg yolk and bran Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
Lanosterol
Lanosterol, also known as lanosterin, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as triterpenoids. These are terpene molecules containing six isoprene units. Thus, lanosterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. Lanosterol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Lanosterol is biochemically synthesized starting from acetyl-CoA by the HMG-CoA reductase pathway. The critical step is the enzymatic conversion of the acyclic terpene squalene to the polycylic lanosterol via 2,3-squalene oxide. Constituent of wool fat used e.g. as chewing-gum softenerand is) also from yeast COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Hentriacontane
Hentriacontane is found in black elderberry. Hentriacontane, also called untriacontane, is a solid, long-chain alkane hydrocarbon with the structural formula CH3(CH2)29CH3. It is found in a variety of plants, including peas (pisum sativum), gum arabic (acacia senegal) and others, and also comprises about 8-9\\% of beeswax. It has 10,660,307,791 constitutional isomers Hentriacontane, also called untriacontane, is a solid, long-chain alkane hydrocarbon with the structural formula CH3(CH2)29CH3. It is found in a variety of plants, including peas (pisum sativum), gum arabic (acacia senegal) and others, and also comprises about 8-9\\% of beeswax. It has 10,660,307,791 constitutional isomers.
Tritriacontane
Tritriacontane is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, tritriacontane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Tritriacontane can be found in cardamom, garden tomato (variety), and papaya, which makes tritriacontane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. The term higher alkanes is sometimes used literally as "alkanes with a higher number of carbon atoms". One definition distinguishes the higher alkanes as the n-alkanes that are solid under natural conditions . Tritriacontane, also known as CH3-[CH2]31-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2, and consist entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, tritriacontane is a hydrocarbon lipid molecule that is very hydrophobic, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Tritriacontane has been detected in cardamoms, garden tomato (var.), and papaya. This could make tritriacontane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Tritriacontane is also found in Medicago arabica (PMID: 17793563).
24-Methylenecycloartan-3-ol
24-methylenecycloartan-3-ol belongs to cycloartanols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are steroids containing a cycloartanol moiety. 24-methylenecycloartan-3-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 24-methylenecycloartan-3-ol can be found in a number of food items such as oregon yampah, common persimmon, pineapple, and climbing bean, which makes 24-methylenecycloartan-3-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Kaempferol 3-glucuronide
Isolated from the leaves of Euphorbia lathyris, Euphorbia cyparissias, Anemone alpina and Phaseolus vulgaris (kidney bean) and many other plants [CCD]. Kaempferol 3-glucuronide is found in many foods, some of which are dill, fennel, strawberry, and green bean. Kaempferol 3-glucuronide is found in chicory. Kaempferol 3-glucuronide is isolated from the leaves of Euphorbia lathyris, Euphorbia cyparissias, Anemone alpina and Phaseolus vulgaris (kidney bean) and many other plants [CCD Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide (Kaempferol-3-glucuronide), one conjugated kaempferol metabolite, has anti-inflammatory effect. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide significantly inhibits various pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-1β, NO, PGE2, and LTB4. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide upregulates the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10[1][2]. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide (Kaempferol-3-glucuronide), one conjugated kaempferol metabolite, has anti-inflammatory effect. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide significantly inhibits various pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-1β, NO, PGE2, and LTB4. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide upregulates the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10[1][2].
3beta-24-Methylenecycloartan-3-ol
3beta-24-Methylenecycloartan-3-ol is a constituent of rice bran oil. Constituent of rice bran oil
Octacosane
Octacosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]26-ch3, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, octacosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Octacosane can be found in a number of food items such as peach, linden, apple, and carrot, which makes octacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Octacosane can be found primarily in saliva. The term higher alkanes is sometimes used literally as "alkanes with a higher number of carbon atoms". One definition distinguishes the higher alkanes as the n-alkanes that are solid under natural conditions . Octacosane, also known as CH3-[CH2]26-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Octacosane is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Thus, octacosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Octacosane has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as peachs, coconuts, apples, sweet cherries, and lindens. This could make octacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. A straight-chain alkane containing 28 carbon atoms.
Dotriacontane
Constituent of Mentha aquatica (water mint). Dotriacontane is found in many foods, some of which are papaya, coconut, garden tomato (variety), and tea. Dotriacontane is found in coconut. Dotriacontane is a constituent of Mentha aquatica (water mint).
Taraxerone
Heptacosane
Heptacosane, also known as CH3-[CH2]25-CH3, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkanes. These are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2, and consist entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, heptacosane is a hydrocarbon lipid molecule, is very hydrophobic, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Heptacosane has been detected in avocado, sunflowers, peachs, sweet cherries, and wild carrots. This could make heptacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Heptacosane, in addition to other flavonoids, alkaloids and sugars, extracted from the root of Trichosanthes dioica, exhibited antimicrobial activity against Proteus mirabilis and Bacillus subtilis http://www.phytojournal.com/archives/?year=2016&vol=5&issue=5&part=F&ArticleId=985 Heptacosane, also known as ch3-[ch2]25-ch3, is a member of the class of compounds known as alkanes. Alkanes are acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2 , and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. Thus, heptacosane is considered to be a hydrocarbon lipid molecule. Heptacosane can be found in a number of food items such as wild carrot, linden, sweet cherry, and papaya, which makes heptacosane a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. The term higher alkanes is sometimes used literally as "alkanes with a higher number of carbon atoms". One definition distinguishes the higher alkanes as the n-alkanes that are solid under natural conditions .
Euphorbia factor L3
Diacetyl benzoyl lathyrol is a diterpenoid. Diacetyl benzoyl lathyrol is an active ingredient in whitening creams. It is also reported to be a skin conditioning agent. Diacetyl benzoyl lathyrol is a natural product found in Euphorbia lathyris with data available. 5,15-Diacetyl-3-benzoyllathyrol is one of the lathyrane diterpenoids, that has anti-cancer activity. 5,15-Diacetyl-3-benzoyllathyrol is one of the lathyrane diterpenoids, that has anti-cancer activity.
sitosterol
A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68437 - Unsaturated Phytosterol D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\\%) is a plant sterol. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\\%) interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation[1]. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\%) is a plant sterol. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\%) interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation[1].
lupeol
D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents Lupeol (Clerodol; Monogynol B; Fagarasterol) is an active pentacyclic?triterpenoid, has anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Lupeol is a potent?androgen receptor (AR)?inhibitor and can be used for cancer research, especially prostate cancer of androgen-dependent phenotype (ADPC) and castration resistant phenotype (CRPC)[1]. Lupeol (Clerodol; Monogynol B; Fagarasterol) is an active pentacyclic?triterpenoid, has anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. Lupeol is a potent?androgen receptor (AR)?inhibitor and can be used for cancer research, especially prostate cancer of androgen-dependent phenotype (ADPC) and castration resistant phenotype (CRPC)[1].
Taraxerol
Taraxerol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanan-3-ol lacking the methyl group at position 14, with an alpha-methyl substituent at position 13 and a double bond between positions 14 and 15. It has a role as a metabolite. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a secondary alcohol. Taraxerol is a natural product found in Diospyros morrisiana, Liatris acidota, and other organisms with data available. See also: Myrica cerifera root bark (part of). A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleanan-3-ol lacking the methyl group at position 14, with an alpha-methyl substituent at position 13 and a double bond between positions 14 and 15.
Cholesterol
A cholestanoid consisting of cholestane having a double bond at the 5,6-position as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
Esculin
Origin: Plant; Formula(Parent): C15H16O9; Bottle Name:Esculin sesquihydrate; PRIME Parent Name:6,7-Dihydroxycoumarin-6-glucoside; PRIME in-house No.:V0125, Coumarins relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.391 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.385 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.384 Esculin, a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, is an active ingredient of ash bark[1]. Esculin ameliorates cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN), and exerts anti?oxidative stress and anti?inflammatory effects, via the MAPK signaling pathway[2]. Esculin, a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, is an active ingredient of ash bark[1]. Esculin ameliorates cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN), and exerts anti?oxidative stress and anti?inflammatory effects, via the MAPK signaling pathway[2].
Butyrospermol
(-)-Butyrospermol is a natural product found in Euphorbia chamaesyce, Euphorbia mellifera, and other organisms with data available.
Euphorbia Factor L2
Euphorbia Factor L2 is a natural product found in Euphorbia lathyris with data available. Euphorbia factor L2, a lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from caper euphorbia seed (the seeds of Euphorbia lathyris L.), has been traditionally applied to treat cancer. Euphorbia factor L2 shows potent cytotoxicity and induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial pathway[1]. Euphorbia factor L2, a lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from caper euphorbia seed (the seeds of Euphorbia lathyris L.), has been traditionally applied to treat cancer. Euphorbia factor L2 shows potent cytotoxicity and induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial pathway[1].
Campesterol
Disclaimer: While authors make an effort to ensure that the content of this record is accurate, the authors make no representations or warranties in relation to the accuracy or completeness of the record. This record do not reflect any viewpoints of the affiliation and organization to which the authors belong. Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects. Campesterol is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects.
Esculetin
D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.434 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.428 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.430 Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities[1]. Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities[1]. Esculetin is an active ingredient extracted mainly from the bark of Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Esculetin inhibits platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotype switching through inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Esculetin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antitumor activities[1].
Phytol
Phytol is a key acyclic diterpene alcohol that is a precursor for vitamins E and K1. Phytol is an extremely common terpenoid, found in all plants esterified to Chlorophyll to confer lipid solubility[citation needed].; Phytol is a natural linear diterpene alcohol which is used in the preparation of vitamins E and K1. It is also a decomposition product of chlorophyll. It is an oily liquid that is nearly insoluble in water, but soluble in most organic solvents. -- Wikipedia C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28269 - Phytochemical Phytol ((E)?-?Phytol), a diterpene alcohol from chlorophyll widely used as a food additive and in medicinal fields, possesses promising antischistosomal properties. Phytol has antinociceptive and antioxidant activitiesas well as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. Phytol has antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus[1]. Phytol ((E)?-?Phytol), a diterpene alcohol from chlorophyll widely used as a food additive and in medicinal fields, possesses promising antischistosomal properties. Phytol has antinociceptive and antioxidant activitiesas well as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. Phytol has antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus[1].
Daphnetin
7,8-dihydroxy-2h-chromen-2-one, also known as daphnetin or 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin, is a member of the class of compounds known as 7,8-dihydroxycoumarins. 7,8-dihydroxycoumarins are coumarins bearing two hydroxyl groups at the C7- and C8-positions of the coumarin skeleton, respectively. 7,8-dihydroxy-2h-chromen-2-one is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 7,8-dihydroxy-2h-chromen-2-one can be found in chickpea and watermelon, which makes 7,8-dihydroxy-2h-chromen-2-one a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1); INTERNAL_ID 15 INTERNAL_ID 15; CONFIDENCE Reference Standard (Level 1) Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4]. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4]. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4]. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4].
Kaempferol 3-O-glucuronide
A kaempferol O-glucuronide that is kaempferol with a beta-D-glucosiduronic acid residue attached at the 3-position. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide (Kaempferol-3-glucuronide), one conjugated kaempferol metabolite, has anti-inflammatory effect. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide significantly inhibits various pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-1β, NO, PGE2, and LTB4. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide upregulates the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10[1][2]. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide (Kaempferol-3-glucuronide), one conjugated kaempferol metabolite, has anti-inflammatory effect. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide significantly inhibits various pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-1β, NO, PGE2, and LTB4. Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide upregulates the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10[1][2].
Betulin
Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line. Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line. Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line.
euphol
Euphol is a tetracyclic triterpene alcohol isolated from the sap of Euphorbia tirucalli with anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, orally active. Euphol inhibits the monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) activity via a reversible mechanism (IC50=315 nM). MGL inhibition in the periphery modulates the endocannabinoid system to block the development of inflammatory pain[1]. Euphol is a tetracyclic triterpene alcohol isolated from the sap of Euphorbia tirucalli with anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, orally active. Euphol inhibits the monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) activity via a reversible mechanism (IC50=315 nM). MGL inhibition in the periphery modulates the endocannabinoid system to block the development of inflammatory pain[1]. Euphol is a tetracyclic triterpene alcohol isolated from the sap of Euphorbia tirucalli with anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, orally active. Euphol inhibits the monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) activity via a reversible mechanism (IC50=315 nM). MGL inhibition in the periphery modulates the endocannabinoid system to block the development of inflammatory pain[1].
Lanosterin
A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is lanosta-8,24-diene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at the 3beta position. It is the compound from which all steroids are derived. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Harzol
C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68437 - Unsaturated Phytosterol D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\\%) is a plant sterol. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\\%) interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation[1]. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\%) is a plant sterol. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98\%) interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation[1].
Stigmasterin
C1907 - Drug, Natural Product > C28178 - Phytosterol > C68437 - Unsaturated Phytosterol
Nonacosane
Nonacosane, isolated from Baphia massaiensis, exhibits weak activities against E. coli, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus[1]. Nonacosane, isolated from Baphia massaiensis, exhibits weak activities against E. coli, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus[1].
Lanol
Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
Escosyl
Esculin, a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, is an active ingredient of ash bark[1]. Esculin ameliorates cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN), and exerts anti?oxidative stress and anti?inflammatory effects, via the MAPK signaling pathway[2]. Esculin, a fluorescent coumarin glucoside, is an active ingredient of ash bark[1]. Esculin ameliorates cognitive impairment in experimental diabetic nephropathy (DN), and exerts anti?oxidative stress and anti?inflammatory effects, via the MAPK signaling pathway[2].
Daphnetol
7,8-dihydroxycoumarin is a hydroxycoumarin. Daphnetin is a natural product found in Euphorbia dracunculoides, Rhododendron lepidotum, and other organisms with data available. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4]. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4]. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4]. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research[1][2][3][4].
24-methylenecycloartanol
A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is (9beta)-24-methylene-9,19-cyclolanostane which carries a hydroxy group at position 3beta. It is isolated from several plant species including Euphorbia, Epidendrum, Psychotria and Sideritis.
Avenasterol
A stigmastane sterol that is 5alpha-stigmastane carrying a hydroxy group at position 3beta and double bonds at positions 7 and 24.
