Exact Mass: 116.03927440000001
Exact Mass Matches: 116.03927440000001
Found 494 metabolites which its exact mass value is equals to given mass value 116.03927440000001,
within given mass tolerance error 0.05 dalton. Try search metabolite list with more accurate mass tolerance error
0.01 dalton.
Maleic acid
Maleic acid is a colorless crystalline solid having a faint odor. It is combustible though it may take some effort to ignite. It is soluble in water. It is used to make other chemicals and for dyeing and finishing naturally occurring fibers. Maleic acid is a butenedioic acid in which the double bond has cis- (Z)-configuration. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an algal metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a maleate(1-) and a maleate. Maleic acid is a natural product found in Populus tremula, Ardisia crenata, and other organisms with data available. Maleic Acid is an organic salt or ester of maleic acid that could be conjugated to free base compounds/drugs to improve the physiochemical properties including stability, solubility and dissolution rate. (NCI) Maleic acid is an industrial raw material for the production of glyoxylic acid by ozonolysis. Maleic acid is an organic compound which is a dicarboxylic acid (molecule with two carboxyl groups). The molecule consists of an ethylene group flanked by two carboxylic acid groups. Maleic acid is the cis isomer of butenedioic acid, whereas fumaric acid is the trans isomer. The cis isomer is the less stable one of the two; the difference in heat of combustion is 22.7 kJ/mol. The physical properties of maleic acid are very different from that of fumaric acid. Maleic acid is soluble in water whereas fumaric acid is not and the melting point of maleic acid (130 - 131 degree centigrade) is also much lower than that of fumaric acid (287 degree centigrade). Both properties of maleic acid can be explained on account of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding that takes place at the expense of intermolecular interactions. Maleic acid is converted into maleic anhydride by dehydration, to malic acid by hydration, and to succinic acid by hydrogenation. It reacts with thionyl chloride or phosphorus pentachloride to give the maleic acid chloride (it is not possible to isolate the mono acid chloride). Maleic acid is a reactant in many Diels-Alder reactions. See also: Surfomer (monomer of); Ferropolimaler (monomer of). Maleic acid is an industrial raw material for the production of glyoxylic acid by ozonolysis. Maleic acid is an organic compound which is a dicarboxylic acid (molecule with two carboxyl groups). The molecule consists of an ethylene group flanked by two carboxylic acid groups. Maleic acid is the cis isomer of butenedioic acid, whereas fumaric acid is the trans isomer. The cis isomer is the less stable one of the two; the difference in heat of combustion is 22.7 kJ/mol. The physical properties of maleic acid are very different from that of fumaric acid. Maleic acid is soluble in water whereas fumaric acid is not and the melting point of maleic acid (130 - 131 degree centigrade) is also much lower than that of fumaric acid (287 degree centigrade). Both properties of maleic acid can be explained on account of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding that takes place at the expense of intermolecular interactions. Maleic acid is converted into maleic anhydride by dehydration, to malic acid by hydration, and to succinic acid by hydrogenation. It reacts with thionyl chloride or phosphorus pentachloride to give the maleic acid chloride (it is not possible to isolate the mono acid chloride). Maleic acid is a reactant in many Diels-Alder reactions. [HMDB]. Maleic acid is found in many foods, some of which are cocoa bean, lovage, roselle, and corn. Maleic acid is a dicarboxylic acid, a molecule with two carboxyl groups. It consists of an ethylene group flanked by two carboxylic acid groups. Maleic acid is the cis isomer of butenedioic acid, whereas fumaric acid is the trans isomer. The cis isomer is the less stable one of the two; the difference in heat of combustion is 22.7 kJ/mol. The physical properties of maleic acid are very different from that of fumaric acid. Maleic acid is soluble in water whereas fumaric acid is not and the melting point of maleic acid (130 - 131 oC) is also much lower than that of fumaric acid (287 oC). Maleic acid is converted into maleic anhydride by dehydration, to malic acid by hydration, and to succinic acid by hydrogenation. Maleic acid is used in making polyesters for fibre-reinforced laminated moldings and paint vehicles. More specifically it is used in the manufacture of phthalic-type alkyd and polyester resins, surface coatings, copolymers, plasticizers, lubricant additives and agricultural chemicals. It is also found in adhesives and sealants and as a preservative for oils and fats. In the natural world, maleic acid has been identified in ginseng, pineapple, cacao plants, sour cherries and corn. A large number of microbes are able to convert maleic acid to D-malate using the enzyme maleate hydratase (PMID: 1444397). A butenedioic acid in which the double bond has cis- (Z)-configuration. Maleic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=110-16-7 (retrieved 2024-06-29) (CAS RN: 110-16-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of E. coli and L. monocytogenes. Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of E. coli and L. monocytogenes.
Fumaric acid
Fumaric acid appears as a colorless crystalline solid. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment. Combustible, though may be difficult to ignite. Used to make paints and plastics, in food processing and preservation, and for other uses. Fumaric acid is a butenedioic acid in which the C=C double bond has E geometry. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. It has a role as a food acidity regulator, a fundamental metabolite and a geroprotector. It is a conjugate acid of a fumarate(1-). Fumaric acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Fumaric acid is a precursor to L-malate in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is formed by the oxidation of succinate by succinate dehydrogenase. Fumarate is converted by fumarase to malate. A fumarate is a salt or ester of the organic compound fumaric acid, a dicarboxylic acid. Fumarate has recently been recognized as an oncometabolite. (A15199). As a food additive, fumaric acid is used to impart a tart taste to processed foods. It is also used as an antifungal agent in boxed foods such as cake mixes and flours, as well as tortillas. Fumaric acid is also added to bread to increase the porosity of the final baked product. It is used to impart a sour taste to sourdough and rye bread. In cake mixes, it is used to maintain a low pH and prevent clumping of the flours used in the mix. In fruit drinks, fumaric acid is used to maintain a low pH which, in turn, helps to stabilize flavor and color. Fumaric acid also prevents the growth of E. coli in beverages when used in combination with sodium benzoate. When added to wines, fumaric acid helps to prevent further fermentation and yet maintain low pH and eliminate traces of metallic elements. In this fashion, it helps to stabilize the taste of wine. Fumaric acid can also be added to dairy products, sports drinks, jams, jellies and candies. Fumaric acid helps to break down bonds between gluten proteins in wheat and helps to create a more pliable dough. Fumaric acid is used in paper sizing, printer toner, and polyester resin for making molded walls. Fumaric acid is a dicarboxylic acid. It is a precursor to L-malate in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. It is formed by the oxidation of succinic acid by succinate dehydrogenase. Fumarate is converted by the enzyme fumarase to malate. Fumaric acid has recently been identified as an oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer causing metabolite. High levels of this organic acid can be found in tumors or biofluids surrounding tumors. Its oncogenic action appears to due to its ability to inhibit prolyl hydroxylase-containing enzymes. In many tumours, oxygen availability becomes limited (hypoxia) very quickly due to rapid cell proliferation and limited blood vessel growth. The major regulator of the response to hypoxia is the HIF transcription factor (HIF-alpha). Under normal oxygen levels, protein levels of HIF-alpha are very low due to constant degradation, mediated by a series of post-translational modification events catalyzed by the prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing enzymes PHD1, 2 and 3, (also known as EglN2, 1 and 3) that hydroxylate HIF-alpha and lead to its degradation. All three of the PHD enzymes are inhibited by fumarate. Fumaric acid is found to be associated with fumarase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. It is also a metabolite of Aspergillus. Produced industrially by fermentation of Rhizopus nigricans, or manufactured by catalytic or thermal isomerisation of maleic anhydride or maleic acid. Used as an antioxidant, acidulant, leavening agent and flavouring agent in foods. Present in raw lean fish. Dietary supplement. Used in powdered products since fumaric acid is less hygroscopic than other acids. A precursor to L-malate in the Krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is formed by the oxidation of succinate by succinate dehydrogenase (wikipedia). Fumaric acid is also found in garden tomato, papaya, wild celery, and star fruit. Fumaric acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=110-17-8 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 110-17-8). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Fumaric acid, associated with fumarase deficiency, is identified as an oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer causing metabolite. Fumaric acid, associated with fumarase deficiency, is identified as an oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer causing metabolite.
Caproic acid
Caproic acid, also known as hexanoic acid or C6:0, is a medium-chain fatty acid. Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) are fatty acids with aliphatic tails of 6 to 12 carbons, which can form medium-chain triglycerides. Caproic acid is a colourless oily liquid that smells like cheese with an overlying waxy or barnyard odor like that of goats or other barnyard animals. Its name comes from the Latin word capra, meaning "goat". Two other fatty acids are named after goats: caprylic acid (C8) and capric acid (C10). Along with caproic acid, they account for 15\\% of the fat in goats milk. Caproic acid is a fatty acid found naturally in various animal fats and oils. While generally more abundant in animals, caproic acid is found in all organisms ranging from bacteria to plants to animals. Caproic acid is one of the chemicals that gives the decomposing fleshy seed coat of the ginkgo fruit its characteristic unpleasant odor. It is also one of the components of vanilla and cheese. Industrially, the primary use of caproic acid is in the manufacture of its esters for use as artificial flavors and in the manufacture of hexyl derivatives, such as hexylphenols. Caproic acid has been associated with medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, which is an inborn error of metabolism. As a relatively volatile organic compound, caproic acid has been identified as a fecal biomarker of Clostridium difficile infection (PMID: 30986230). Present in apple, wine grapes, butter, licorice and cheeses, e.g. blue cheeses, Cheddar cheese, Swiss cheese, feta cheese, gruyere de comte cheese, etcand is) also present in a few essential oils and fruital aromas. Secondary product of butyric acid fermentation. Flavouring ingredient KEIO_ID C035
N-NITROSOMORPHOLINE
CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3454 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 4127 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 8689 D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens
1,2-CYCLOHEXANEDIOL
trans-Cyclohexane-1,2-diol is an endogenous metabolite.
alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid
alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid is an abnormal metabolite that arises from the incomplete breakdown of branched-chain amino acids. alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid is a neurotoxin, an acidogen, and a metabotoxin. A neurotoxin causes damage to nerve cells and nerve tissues. An acidogen is an acidic compound that induces acidosis, which has multiple adverse effects on many organ systems. A metabotoxin is an endogenously produced metabolite that causes adverse health effects at chronically high levels. Chronically high levels of alpha-ketoisovaleric acid are associated with maple syrup urine disease. MSUD is a metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC), leading to a buildup of the branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and their toxic by-products (ketoacids) in the blood and urine. The symptoms of MSUD often show in infancy and lead to severe brain damage if untreated. MSUD may also present later depending on the severity of the disease. If left untreated in older individuals, during times of metabolic crisis, symptoms of the condition include uncharacteristically inappropriate, extreme, or erratic behaviour and moods, hallucinations, anorexia, weight loss, anemia, diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, lethargy, oscillating hypertonia and hypotonia, ataxia, seizures, hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, opisthotonus, pancreatitis, rapid neurological decline, and coma. In maple syrup urine disease, the brain concentration of branched-chain ketoacids can increase 10- to 20-fold. This leads to a depletion of glutamate and a consequent reduction in the concentration of brain glutamine, aspartate, alanine, and other amino acids. The result is a compromise of energy metabolism because of a failure of the malate-aspartate shuttle and a diminished rate of protein synthesis (PMID: 15930465). alpha-Ketoisovaleric acid is a keto-acid, which is a subclass of organic acids. Abnormally high levels of organic acids in the blood (organic acidemia), urine (organic aciduria), the brain, and other tissues lead to general metabolic acidosis. Acidosis typically occurs when arterial pH falls below 7.35. In infants with acidosis, the initial symptoms include poor feeding, vomiting, loss of appetite, weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and lack of energy (lethargy). These can progress to heart, liver, and kidney abnormalities, seizures, coma, and possibly death. These are also the characteristic symptoms of untreated MSUD. Many affected children with organic acidemias experience intellectual disability or delayed development. Flavouring ingredient for use in butter-type flavours. Found in banana, bread, cheeses, asparagus, beer and cocoa KEIO_ID M006 3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid is a precursor of pantothenic acid in Escherichia coli.
Isocaproic acid
Isocaproic acid, a metabolite of 20 alpha-hydroxycholesterol (PMID 14446007) and is an important metabolite in early placentas enabling the convertion from cholesterol to pregnenolone to Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (PMID 11972299). Found in bananas and lime oil 4-Methylpentanoic acid (Isocaproic Acid) is a Short chain fatty acid (SCFA)[1].
2-Oxovaleric acid
2-Oxovaleric acid is an alpha-ketoacid is a metabolite usually found in human biofluids. Ketoacids have been known to play an important part in the metabolism of valine, leucine, isoleucine. 2-Oxovaleric acid presence has been determined in human blood serum and urine in numerous scientific documents, although its origin remains unclear. (PMID: 11482739, 9869358, 3235498). Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Isolated from Trigonella caerulea (sweet trefoil) 2-Oxovaleric acid is a keto acid that is found in human blood.
n-Butyl acetate
n-Butyl acetate is a flavouring ingredient used in apple flavours. n-Butyl acetate, also known as butyl ethanoate, is an organic compound commonly used as a solvent in the production of lacquers and other products. It is also used as a synthetic fruit flavoring in foods such as candy, ice cream, cheeses, and baked goods. Butyl acetate is found in many types of fruit, where along with other chemicals it imparts characteristic flavors. Apples, especially of the Red Delicious variety, are flavored in part by this chemical. It is a colourless flammable liquid with a sweet smell of banana. Flavouring ingredient used in apple flavours
Glutarate semialdehyde
In the lysine degradation IV pathway, glutarate semialdehyde reacts with NADP+ and H2O to produce glutarate, NADPH, and H+. In this pathway, glutarate semialdehyde is produced by the reaction between 5-aminopentanoate and 2-ketoglutarate, with L-glutamate as a byproduct. The enzyme responsible for this reaction is 5-aminovalerate aminotransferase. In the lysine degradation III pathway, glutarate semialdehyde reacts with NAD+ and H2O to produce glutarate and NADH. In this pathway, glutarate semialdehyde is produced by the reaction between 5-aminopentanoate and 2-ketoglutarate, with L-glutamate as a byproduct. The enzyme responsible for this reaction is 5-aminovalerate aminotransferase. In the lysine degradation IV pathway, glutarate semialdehyde reacts with NADP+ and H2O to produce glutarate, NADPH, and H+. In this pathway, glutarate semialdehyde is produced by the reaction between 5-aminopentanoate and 2-ketoglutarate, with L-glutamate as a byproduct. The enzyme responsible for this reaction is 5-aminovalerate aminotransferase.
3-Methylbutyl formate
3-Methylbutyl formate is used in plum food flavouring. It is used in plum food flavouring.
N,N'-Diacetylhydrazine
N,N-Diacetylhydrazine is a metabolite of isoniazid. Isoniazid (Laniazid, Nydrazid), also known as isonicotinylhydrazine (INH), is an organic compound that is the first-line medication in prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. (Wikipedia)
2-Ethylbutanoic acid
2-Ethylbutanoic acid is a branched-chain fatty acid. 2-Ethylbutyric acid is a natural product found in Nicotiana tabacum and Pelargonium graveolens with data available. 2-Ethylbutanoic acid occurs in bread crusts and geranium oil. Also found in tobacco vapour Occurs in bread crusts and geranium oiland is also found in tobacco vapours. 2-Ethylbutyric acid acts as an internal standard (IS) in a standard addition calibration method for the VFA analysis of faeces[1].
(±)-2-Methylpentanoic acid
2-Methylpentanoic acid is a member of the class of compounds known as methyl-branched fatty acids. Methyl-branched fatty acids are fatty acids with an acyl chain that has a methyl branch. Usually, they are saturated and contain only one or more methyl group. However, branches other than methyl may be present. Thus, 2-methyl valeric acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. 2-methyl valeric acid is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 2-Methylpentanoic acid is a cheese and sour tasting compound found in pepper (spice), which makes 2-methylpentanoic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Methyl pentanoate, commonly known as methyl valerate, is the methyl ester of pentanoic acid (valeric acid) with a fruity odor . 2-methylvaleric acid is a methyl-branched fatty acid that is pentanoic acid which carries a methyl group at position 2. It has a role as a flavouring agent, a plant metabolite and a fragrance. It is a branched-chain saturated fatty acid, a methyl-branched fatty acid, a monocarboxylic acid and a short-chain fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a 2-methylvalerate. 2-Methylvaleric acid is a natural product found in Pelargonium graveolens with data available. A methyl-branched fatty acid that is pentanoic acid which carries a methyl group at position 2. (±)-2-Methylpentanoic acid is a flavouring ingredien 2-Methylvaleric acid (2-Methylpentanoic acid) is a short-chain fatty acid isolated from Campomanesia adamantium and dairy products. 2-Methylvaleric acid is also found in animal feces. 2-Methylvaleric acid is a flavor compound used for food-flavor ingredient, fragrances[1][2][3].
Levulinic acid
Found in beet, caramel etcand is also reported in papaya (Carica papaya), wheat bread, rice bran, sake and Chinese quince fruit (Chaenomeles legenaria)and is also production by lychee (Litchi chinensis), Malabar spinach (Basella rubra) and Phyllophora subspecies Flavour ingredient. Levulinic acid is a crystalline keto acid prepared from levulose, inulin, starch, etc., by boiling them with dilute hydrochloric or sulfuric acids. D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate. Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.
Methylacetoacetic acid
Methylacetoacetic acid, also known as 3-oxo-butanoate or methyl acetylacetate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as beta-keto acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing an aldehyde substituted with a keto group on the C3 carbon atom. Methylacetoacetic acid is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Methylacetoacetic acid is a citrus, fresh, and fruity tasting compound. Methylacetoacetic acid has been identified in the urine of patients with an inherited deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PMID 630060), and after isoleucine loading in the diagnosis of 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency. Methylacetoacetic acid has been identified in the urine of patients with an inherited deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PMID 630060), and after isoleucine loading in the diagnosis of 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase deficiency. (PMID 1861461) [HMDB] Methyl acetylacetate is an endogenous metabolite. Methyl acetylacetate is an endogenous metabolite.
Diacetone alcohol
Diacetone alcohol is found in fruits. Diacetone alcohol is isolated from the arctic bramble Rubus arcticu Isolated from the arctic bramble Rubus arcticus. Diacetone alcohol is found in papaya and fruits.
Ethyl butyrate
Ethyl butyrate, also known as ethyl butanoate, or butyric ether, is an ester with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH3, with one oxygen having a double bond. It is soluble in propylene glycol, paraffin oil and kerosene. Ethyl butyrate is present in many fruits e.g. apple, apricot, banana, plum, tangerine etc. Ethyl butyrate is a flavouring ingredient and it can be synthesized by reacting ethanol and butyric acid. This is a condensation reaction, meaning water is produced in the reaction as a byproduct. Present in many fruits e.g. apple, apricot, banana, plum, tangerine etc. Flavouring ingredient
Methyl (S)-2-Methylbutanoate
Methyl (S)-2-Methylbutanoate, also known as fema 2719 or methyl 2-methylbutyrate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty acid esters. These are carboxylic ester derivatives of a fatty acid. Methyl (S)-2-Methylbutanoate is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Methyl (±)-2-Methylbutanoate is a flavouring agent. It is found in many foods, some of which are pomes, potato, pulses, and fruits.
Isopropyl propionate
Isopropyl propionate is a flavouring ingredien Flavouring ingredient
2-Methylpropyl acetate
2-Methylpropyl acetate, also known as isobutyl acetate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carboxylic acid esters. These are carboxylic acid derivatives in which the carbon atom from the carbonyl group is attached to an alkyl or an aryl moiety through an oxygen atom (forming an ester group). The acetate ester of isobutanol. 2-Methylpropyl acetate is a sweet, apple, and banana tasting compound. 2-Methylpropyl acetate has been detected, but not quantified, in several different foods, such as rosemaries, figs, pineapples, cocoa beans, and asian pears. Found in fruits, brandies and fortified wines. It is used in flavouring agents.
Methyl 3-methylbutanoate
Methyl 3-methylbutanoate is found in citrus. Methyl 3-methylbutanoate is a flavouring ingredient. Methyl 3-methylbutanoate is present in fruits of apple, banana, bilberry, wild blueberry, melon, pineapple, strawberry, and some Florida oranges. Also found in peas, peppermint oil and gruyere de comte cheese. Pungent apple-like odour; bitter flavou Methyl 3-methylbutanoate is a flavouring ingredient, it has a pungent apple-like odour. It is found in fruits of apple, banana, bilberry, wild blueberry, melon, pineapple, strawberry, and some Florida oranges. It is also found in peas, peppermint oil and gruyere de comte cheese.
3-Methylpentanoic acid
(±)-3-Methylpentanoic acid is a flavouring ingredien Flavouring ingredient 3-Methylvaleric Acid is a flavouring ingredient.
Ethyl pyruvate
Ethyl pyruvate, also known as pyruvic acid ethyl ester or 2-oxo-propionate ethyl ester, belongs to the family of alpha-keto acids and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing an aldehyde substituted with a keto group on the adjacent carbon. Ethyl pyruvate is soluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). When given as a drug, ethyl pyruvate (known as CTI-01) inhibits the systemic release of cytokines (e.g. TNF-alpha and HMGB1), which promote the bodys inflammatory response. The over-expression of these cytokines has been linked to diseases that occur in critical care settings, such as severe organ damage following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and post-operative ileus following abdominal surgery (DrugBank). Ethyl pyruvate is a flavouring ingredient. Flavouring ingredient Ethyl pyruvate is a simple derivative of the endogenous metabolite, pyruvic acid. Ethyl pyruvate is an anti-inflammatory agent[1].
Propyl propionate
Propyl propionate is found in black elderberry. Propyl propionate is a flavouring ingredien Flavouring ingredient. Propyl propionate is found in black elderberry.
Methyl pentanoate
Methyl pentanoate, also known as fema 2752 or methyl N-valerate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty acid methyl esters. Fatty acid methyl esters are compounds containing a fatty acid that is esterified with a methyl group. They have the general structure RC(=O)OR, where R=fatty aliphatic tail or organyl group and R=methyl group. Methyl pentanoate is the ester formed by the condensation of pentanoic acid and methanol. Methyl pentanoate is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Present in baked potato, red chilli (Capsicum frutescens), wines, coffee, black tea, honey, olive, Bourbon vanilla, melon, papaya, pineapple and other fruits. Flavouring agent. Methyl pentanoate is found in many foods, some of which are tea, alcoholic beverages, fruits, and potato.
Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate
Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate is found in alcoholic beverages. Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate is present in many fruits, e.g. apple, banana, orange, wine grape, strawberry, nectarine. Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate is a flavouring agent Present in many fruits, e.g. apple, banana, orange, wine grape, strawberry, nectarine. Flavouring agent. Ethyl 2-methylpropanoate is found in many foods, some of which are pomes, citrus, fruits, and spearmint.
Acetoxyacetone
Acetoxyacetone is found in pineapple. Acetoxyacetone is a maillard produc Maillard product. Acetoxyacetone is found in pineapple.
2,4,5-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane
2,4,5-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane is found in alcoholic beverages. Flavour constituent of various wines. Also found in carob (Ceratonia siliqua). Flavour constituent of various winesand is) also found in carob (Ceratonia siliqua)
2-Methylacetoacetic acid
2-Methylacetoacetic acid (CAS: 2382-59-4) is a metabolite that has an increased excretion in patients with acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9) deficiency (OMIM: 607809, ACAT1; OMIM: 100678, ACAT2; OMIM: 604770, ACAA2; OMIM: 607809). Thiolases are ubiquitous and important enzymes. Several isoenzymes are known, which can occur in the cytosol (ACAT2), the mitochondria (ACAT1), or the peroxisomes (ACAA2). Thiolases are CoA-dependent enzymes which catalyze the formation of a carbon-carbon bond in a Claisen condensation step and its reverse reaction via a thiolytic degradation mechanism. Mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) thiolase (T2) is important in the pathways for the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies as well as for the degradation of 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA (PMID: 17371050, 14518824, 9744475, 9001814). Moreover, 2-methylacetoacetic acid is found to be associated with beta-ketothiolase deficiency, which is also an inborn error of metabolism. 2-Methylacetoacetic acid is found in urine and can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of beta-ketothiolase deficiency. 2-Methylacetoacetic acid is a metabolite that has an increased excretion in patients with acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9) deficiency (OMIM 607809, ACAT1; OMIM 100678, ACAT2; OMIM 604770, ACAA2; OMIM 607809). Thiolases are ubiquitous and important enzymes. Several isoenzymes are known, which can occur in the cytosol (ACAT2), the mitochondria (ACAT1) , or the peroxisomes(ACAA2).
Diazenedicarboxamide
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents > D044966 - Anti-Retroviral Agents D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents Bleaching agent for flour Bleaching agent for flou
2-Methyl-1-methylthio-2-butene
2-Methyl-1-methylthio-2-butene is used as a food additive [EAFUS] ("EAFUS: Everything Added to Food in the United States. [http://www.eafus.com/]") It is used as a food additive .
2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane
(±)-2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane is found in garden tomato. (±)-2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane is detected in commercial beef flavours, believed to be formed from 1,2-propanediol additive. (±)-2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane is present in tomato aroma. (±)-2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane is a flavouring ingredient. It is used as a food additive
xI-Dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-thiophenone
xI-Dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-thiophenone, also known as 2-methyltetrahydrothiophen-3-one, and 2-methylthiolan-3-one, is a member of the class of tetrahydrothiophenes that is thiolane substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and an oxo group at position 3 respectively. It has a role as a flavouring agent and as a metabolite. It is a member of tetrahydrothiophenes and a cyclic ketone. It derives from a hydride of a tetrahydrothiophene. xI-Dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-thiophenone is a berry-like, cabbage-like, and fruity-like tasting compound. It is used as a food additive
Dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-thiophenone
Dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-thiophenone is a maillard product. Maillard product
1-Propenyl propyl sulfide
1-Propenyl propyl sulfide is found in onion-family vegetables. 1-Propenyl propyl sulfide is a volatile constituent of Welsh onion, scallions, leek, garlic and shallots. Usually present as a mixture of (E)- and (Z)-isomers. Volatile constituent of Welsh onion, scallions, leek, garlic and shallots. Usually present as a mixture of (E)- and (Z)-isomers. 1-Propenyl propyl sulfide is found in onion-family vegetables.
xi-2-Acetylthietane
Thiamine thermal degradation product formed in meat aroma model systems. Thiamine thermal degradation product formed in meat aroma model systems
Pentyl formate
Pentyl formate, also known as amyl methanoate or fema 2068, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as carboxylic acid esters. These are carboxylic acid derivatives in which the carbon atom from the carbonyl group is attached to an alkyl or an aryl moiety through an oxygen atom (forming an ester group). Pentyl formate is an earthy, ethereal, and fruity tasting compound. Pentyl formate is found, on average, in the highest concentration in cow milk. Pentyl formate has also been detected, but not quantified, in a few different foods, such as alcoholic beverages, strawberries, garden tomatoes, fried cured pork, cognac and honey. Found in strawberry fruit, tomato, fried cured pork, cognac and honey. It is used in fruit food flavouring
Dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanthione
Dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanthione is found in animal foods. Dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanthione is a component of roasted meat aroma. Dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanthione is a food flavouring agent. Component of roasted meat aroma. Food flavouring agent. Dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanthione is found in animal foods.
N-Nitroso-3-hydroxypyrrolidine
N-Nitroso-3-hydroxypyrrolidine is a metabolite of piperazine. Piperazine is an organic compound that consists of a six-membered ring containing two opposing nitrogen atoms. Piperazine exists as small alkaline deliquescent crystals with a saline taste. The piperazines are a broad class of chemical compounds, many with important pharmacological properties, which contain a core piperazine functional group. (Wikipedia)
3-Amino-1-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018683 - Excitatory Amino Acid Agents > D018691 - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018683 - Excitatory Amino Acid Agents > D018690 - Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists
2,5-Dimethyltetrahydrothiophene
2,5-dimethyltetrahydrothiophene is a member of the class of compounds known as thiolanes. Thiolanes are organic compounds containing thiolane, a five-member saturated ring containing four carbon atoms and a sulfur atom. 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrothiophene can be found in soft-necked garlic, which makes 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrothiophene a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Allylpropyl sulfide
Allylpropyl sulfide is a member of the class of compounds known as allyl sulfur compounds. Allyl sulfur compounds are compounds containing an allylsulfur group, with the general structure H2C(=CH2)CS. Allylpropyl sulfide is a garlic, green, and onion tasting compound found in garden onion, which makes allylpropyl sulfide a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
N,N-dimethyl-beta-alanine
N,n-dimethyl-beta-alanine is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). N,n-dimethyl-beta-alanine can be found in a number of food items such as shiitake, sparkleberry, swede, and almond, which makes n,n-dimethyl-beta-alanine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Ketovaline
3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid is a precursor of pantothenic acid in Escherichia coli.
Maleic Acid
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of E. coli and L. monocytogenes. Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of E. coli and L. monocytogenes.
Tetrahydropyran-2-methanol
2-Hydroxymethyltetrahydropyran is a volatile compound in Sambucus williamsii (SW) seed oil. SW seed oil has potential antioxidant activity[1]. 2-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=100-72-1 (retrieved 2024-08-21) (CAS RN: 100-72-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
t-Butylacetic acid
A dimethylbutyric acid in which both methyl substituents are at C3; used as an intermediate in the synthesis of medicines and agricultural chemicals.
2,2-DIMETHYLBUTYRIC ACID
A branched-chain fatty acid and metabolite of the lactone prodrug simvastatin, whose sodium salt is potentially useful for the treatment of thalassaemias and haemoglobinopathies. C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism
2-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran
Tetrahydropyran-2-methanol is a natural product found in Solanum lycopersicum with data available. 2-Hydroxymethyltetrahydropyran is a volatile compound in Sambucus williamsii (SW) seed oil. SW seed oil has potential antioxidant activity[1]. 2-Hydroxymethyltetrahydropyran is a volatile compound in Sambucus williamsii (SW) seed oil. SW seed oil has potential antioxidant activity[1].
trans-Cyclohexane-1,2-diol
A cyclohexane-1,2-diol with trans-configuration. It is a metabolite of cyclohexene oxide and other such compounds. trans-Cyclohexane-1,2-diol is an endogenous metabolite.
fumarate
Fumaric acid, also known as fumarate or trans-butenedioic acid, belongs to dicarboxylic acids and derivatives class of compounds. Those are organic compounds containing exactly two carboxylic acid groups. Fumaric acid is soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Fumaric acid can be found in a number of food items such as cardoon, irish moss, sapodilla, and oregon yampah, which makes fumaric acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Fumaric acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including saliva, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), urine, and sweat, as well as in human prostate tissue. Fumaric acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, fumaric acid is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include azathioprine action pathway, the oncogenic action of succinate, thioguanine action pathway, and arginine and proline metabolism. Fumaric acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include gout or kelley-seegmiller syndrome, the oncogenic action of d-2-hydroxyglutarate in hydroxygluaricaciduria, ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTC deficiency), and mitochondrial complex II deficiency. Moreover, fumaric acid is found to be associated with alzheimers disease, fumarase deficiency, and lung Cancer. Fumaric acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Fumaric acid or trans-butenedioic acid is the chemical compound with the formula HO2CCH=CHCO2H. It is produced in eukaryotic organisms from succinate in complex 2 of the electron transport chain via the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase. It is one of two isomeric unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, the other being maleic acid. In fumaric acid the carboxylic acid groups are trans (E) and in maleic acid they are cis (Z). Fumaric acid has a fruit-like taste . Acute exposure: EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. Fumaric acid, associated with fumarase deficiency, is identified as an oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer causing metabolite. Fumaric acid, associated with fumarase deficiency, is identified as an oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer causing metabolite.
2-Oxovaleric acid
An oxopentanoic acid carrying an oxo group at position 2. 2-Oxovaleric acid is a keto acid that is found in human blood.
α-Ketoisovaleric acid
A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of isovaleric acid. 3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid is a precursor of pantothenic acid in Escherichia coli.
Fumaric Acid
Fumaric acid, associated with fumarase deficiency, is identified as an oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer causing metabolite. Fumaric acid, associated with fumarase deficiency, is identified as an oncometabolite or an endogenous, cancer causing metabolite.
METHYL ACETOACETATE
Methyl acetylacetate is an endogenous metabolite. Methyl acetylacetate is an endogenous metabolite.
Isocaproic acid
A methyl-branched fatty acid that is pentanoic acid with a methyl group substituent at position 4. It is a metabolite of 20 alpha-hydroxycholesterol 4-Methylpentanoic acid (Isocaproic Acid) is a Short chain fatty acid (SCFA)[1].
LEVULINIC ACID
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate. Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.
Caproate (6:0)
A C6, straight-chain saturated fatty acid. Caproic acid, also known as hexanoic acid, is the carboxylic acid derived from hexane with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)4COOH. It is a colorless oily liquid with an odor that is fatty, cheesy, waxy, and like that of goats[1] or other barnyard animals. It is a fatty acid found naturally in various animal fats and oils, and is one of the chemicals that gives the decomposing fleshy seed coat of the ginkgo its characteristic unpleasant odor.[3] It is also one of the components of vanilla and cheese. The primary use of caproic acid is in the manufacture of its esters for use as artificial flavors, and in the manufacture of hexyl derivatives, such as hexylphenols.[1] Salts and esters of caproic acid are known as caproates or hexanoates. Several progestin medications are caproate esters, such as hydroxyprogesterone caproate and gestonorone caproate. Two other acids are named after goats: caprylic acid (C8) and capric acid (C10). Along with caproic acid, they account for 15\% of the fat in goat's milk. Caproic, caprylic, and capric acids (capric is a crystal- or wax-like substance, whereas the other two are mobile liquids) are not only used for the formation of esters, but also commonly used "neat" in: butter, milk, cream, strawberry, bread, beer, nut, and other flavors. Hexanoic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=142-62-1 (retrieved 2024-07-16) (CAS RN: 142-62-1). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
4-Methylvaleric acid
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 154 4-Methylpentanoic acid (Isocaproic Acid) is a Short chain fatty acid (SCFA)[1].
Isohexoate
4-Methylpentanoic acid (Isocaproic Acid) is a Short chain fatty acid (SCFA)[1].
AZM 2S
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents > D044966 - Anti-Retroviral Agents D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents
Propyl propanoate
A propanoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of propanol with the carboxy group of propanoic acid.
ammonium sulfite
Food additive listed in the EAFUS Food Additive Database (Jan 2001)
2-Methylthiolan-3-one
A member of the class of tetrahydrothiophenes that is thiolane substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and an oxo group at position 3 respectively.
2,4,5-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane
A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 4 and 5 respectively.
Levulic acid
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate. Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-methyl-.omega.-(2-propenyloxy)-
(R)-(+)-HA-966
(R)-(+)-HA-966 ((+)-HA-966) is a partial agonist/antagonist of glycine site of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex. (R)-(+)-HA-966 selectively blocks the activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system by amphetamine[1][2]. (R)-(+)-HA-966 can cross the blood-brain barrier and has the potential for neuropathic and acute pain[3].
Sodium phenoxide
C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C28394 - Topical Anti-Infective Agent D019999 - Pharmaceutical Solutions > D012597 - Sclerosing Solutions D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents D004202 - Disinfectants
2-ISOPROPYL-1,3-DIOXOLANE
A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane substituted by an isopropyl group at position 2.
2-Acetoxypropanal
An aldehyde that is propanal substituted by an acetoxy group at position 2.
2-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid
COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
1-Isopropoxyacetone
A methyl ketone that is acetone substituted by an isopropoxy group at position 1.
5-Hydroxyhydantoin
An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5.
Usaf cz-1
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate. Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.
88-09-5
2-Ethylbutyric acid acts as an internal standard (IS) in a standard addition calibration method for the VFA analysis of faeces[1].
N,N-dimethyl-beta-alanine
N,n-dimethyl-beta-alanine is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). N,n-dimethyl-beta-alanine can be found in a number of food items such as shiitake, sparkleberry, swede, and almond, which makes n,n-dimethyl-beta-alanine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. N,n-dimethyl-β-alanine is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). N,n-dimethyl-β-alanine can be found in a number of food items such as shiitake, sparkleberry, swede, and almond, which makes n,n-dimethyl-β-alanine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Sedanoic acid
Hexanoic acid, also known as hexanoate or caproic acid, is a member of the class of compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. Medium-chain fatty acids are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms. Thus, hexanoic acid is considered to be a fatty acid lipid molecule. Hexanoic acid is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Hexanoic acid can be found in a number of food items such as lettuce, squashberry, yellow pond-lily, and cabbage, which makes hexanoic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Hexanoic acid can be found primarily in most biofluids, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), saliva, feces, and sweat. Hexanoic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. In humans, hexanoic acid is involved in a couple of metabolic pathways, which include beta oxidation of very long chain fatty acids and fatty acid biosynthesis. Hexanoic acid is also involved in a couple of metabolic disorders, which include mitochondrial beta-oxidation of short chain saturated fatty acids and short-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coa dehydrogenase deficiency (SCHAD). Moreover, hexanoic acid is found to be associated with medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency. Hexanoic acid is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Hexanoic acid (caproic acid) is the carboxylic acid derived from hexane with the chemical formula CH 3(CH 2) 4COOH. It is a colorless oily liquid with an odor that is fatty, cheesy, waxy, and like that of goats or other barnyard animals. It is a fatty acid found naturally in various animal fats and oils, and is one of the chemicals that give the decomposing fleshy seed coat of the ginkgo its characteristic unpleasant odor. It is also one of the components of vanilla. The primary use of hexanoic acid is in the manufacture of its esters for artificial flavors, and in the manufacture of hexyl derivatives, such as hexylphenols .
Succinamate
A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of succinamic acid; major species at pH 7.3.
N-acetylglycinate
An N-acylglycinate arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group of N-acetylglycine; major species at pH 7.3.
4-(Methylamino)butyrate
An aza fatty acid anion and the conjugate base of 4-(methylamino)butyric acid.
L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde
An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of L-aspartic 4-semialdehyde, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.
N-NITROSOMORPHOLINE
D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens
4-METHYLPENTANOIC ACID
4-Methylpentanoic acid (Isocaproic Acid) is a Short chain fatty acid (SCFA)[1].
trans-1,2-Cyclohexanediol
trans-Cyclohexane-1,2-diol is an endogenous metabolite.
Ethylpyruvate
Ethyl pyruvate is a simple derivative of the endogenous metabolite, pyruvic acid. Ethyl pyruvate is an anti-inflammatory agent[1].
ETHYL BUTYRATE
A butyrate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of ethanol with the carboxy group of butyric acid.
3-Methylvaleric acid
A methyl-branched fatty acid that is pentanoic acid which carries a methyl group at position 3. 3-Methylvaleric Acid is a flavouring ingredient.
succinate(2-)
A dicarboxylic acid dianion resulting from the removal of a proton from both of the carboxy groups of succinic acid.
Diacetone alcohol
A beta-hydroxy ketone formed by hydroxylation of 4-methylpentan-2-one at the 4-position. It has been isolated from Achnatherum robustum.
Azodicarbonamide
D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents > D044966 - Anti-Retroviral Agents D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents
ETHYL ISOBUTYRATE
A fatty acid ethyl ester obtained by the formal condensation of isobutyric acid with ethanol.
2,3-dimethylbutyric acid
A branched C4 short-chain fatty acid carrying two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 3. The methyl group at the 2-position confers chirality, hence the compound has two possible enantiomers.
3-ethoxy-2-butanone
A methyl ketone that is butan-2-one substituted by an ethoxy group at position 3.
2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenoic acid
An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is 3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.
5-Aminopentanoate
An amino fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of 5-aminopentanoic acid.
Guanidinoacetate
A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of guanidinoacetic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.
methylmalonate(2-)
A C4-dicarboxylate resulting from the removal of a proton from both carboxylic acid groups of methylmalonic acid.
(S)-2,3-dimethylbutyric acid
The (S)-enantiomer of 2,3-dimethylbutyric acid.