Classification Term: 1525
Cholesterols and derivatives (ontology term: CHEMONTID:0001469)
Compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core." []
found 150 associated metabolites at category metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: Cholestane steroids
Child Taxonomies: There is no child term of current ontology term.
4-cholesten-3-one
Cholestenone belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, cholestenone is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. Cholestenone is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Cholestenone is a dehydrocholestanone. It is a product of cholesterol oxidase {EC 1.1.3.6] in the Bile acid biosynthesis pathway (KEGG). [HMDB] Cholestenone (4-Cholesten-3-one), the intermediate oxidation product of cholesterol, is metabolized primarily in the liver. Cholestenone is highly mobile in membranes and influences cholesterol flip-flop and efflux. Cholestenone may cause long-term functional defects in cells[1][2]. Cholestenone (4-Cholesten-3-one), the intermediate oxidation product of cholesterol, is metabolized primarily in the liver. Cholestenone is highly mobile in membranes and influences cholesterol flip-flop and efflux. Cholestenone may cause long-term functional defects in cells[1][2].
7alpha-Hydroxycholesterol
7alpha-Hydroxycholesterol is an oxysterol and can serve as a biomarker for lipid peroxidation (PMID: 17386651). Products of cholesterol oxidation accumulate within atherosclerotic plaque and have been proposed to contribute to inflammatory signalling in the diseased artery (PMID: 17364953). 7alpha-Hydroxycholesterol is a cholesterol oxide that has been described as a biomarker of oxidative stress in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes (PMID: 16634125). 7alpha-Hydroxycholesterol has been identified in the human placenta (PMID: 32033212). 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol is an oxysterol and can serve as a biomarker for lipid peroxidation. (PMID: 17386651) Products of cholesterol oxidation accumulate within atherosclerotic plaque and have been proposed to contribute to inflammatory signalling in the diseased artery. (PMID: 17364953) 7α-Hydroxycholesterol is a cholesterol oxide and is formed by both enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol can be used as a biomarker for lipid peroxidation[1][2].
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. The name originates from the Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), and the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol. This is because researchers first identified cholesterol in solid form in gallstones in 1784. In the body, cholesterol can exist in either the free form or as an ester with a single fatty acid (of 10-20 carbons in length) covalently attached to the hydroxyl group at position 3 of the cholesterol ring. Due to the mechanism of synthesis, plasma cholesterol esters tend to contain relatively high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Most of the cholesterol consumed as a dietary lipid exists as cholesterol esters. Cholesterol esters have a lower solubility in water than cholesterol and are more hydrophobic. They are hydrolyzed by the pancreatic enzyme cholesterol esterase to produce cholesterol and free fatty acids. Cholesterol has vital structural roles in membranes and in lipid metabolism in general. It is a biosynthetic precursor of bile acids, vitamin D, and steroid hormones (glucocorticoids, estrogens, progesterones, androgens and aldosterone). In addition, it contributes to the development and functioning of the central nervous system, and it has major functions in signal transduction and sperm development. Cholesterol is a ubiquitous component of all animal tissues where much of it is located in the membranes, although it is not evenly distributed. The highest proportion of unesterified cholesterol is in the plasma membrane (roughly 30-50\\\\% of the lipid in the membrane or 60-80\\\\% of the cholesterol in the cell), while mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum have very low cholesterol contents. Cholesterol is also enriched in early and recycling endosomes, but not in late endosomes. The brain contains more cholesterol than any other organ where it comprises roughly a quarter of the total free cholesterol in the human body. Of all the organic constituents of blood, only glucose is present in a higher molar concentration than cholesterol. Cholesterol esters appear to be the preferred form for transport in plasma and as a biologically inert storage (de-toxified) form. They do not contribute to membranes but are packed into intracellular lipid particles. Cholesterol molecules (i.e. cholesterol esters) are transported throughout the body via lipoprotein particles. The largest lipoproteins, which primarily transport fats from the intestinal mucosa to the liver, are called chylomicrons. They carry mostly triglyceride fats and cholesterol that are from food, especially internal cholesterol secreted by the liver into the bile. In the liver, chylomicron particles give up triglycerides and some cholesterol. They are then converted into low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, which carry triglycerides and cholesterol on to other body cells. In healthy individuals, the LDL particles are large and relatively few in number. In contrast, large numbers of small LDL particles are strongly associated with promoting atheromatous disease within the arteries. (Lack of information on LDL particle number and size is one of the major problems of conventional lipid tests.). In conditions with elevated concentrations of oxidized LDL particles, especially small LDL particles, cholesterol promotes atheroma plaque deposits in the walls of arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis, which is a major contributor to coronary heart disease and other forms of cardiovascular disease. There is a worldwide trend to believe that lower total cholesterol levels tend to correlate with lower atherosclerosis event rates (though some studies refute this idea). As a result, cholesterol has become a very large focus for the scientific community trying to determine the proper amount of cholesterol needed in a healthy diet. However, the primary association of atherosclerosis with c... Constituent either free or as esters, of fish liver oils, lard, dairy fats, egg yolk and bran Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3]. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25\% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
Epi-coprostanol
Epi-coprostanol, also known as epicholestanol or presteron, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, epi-coprostanol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. Epi-coprostanol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. Epi-coprostanol is a 27 carbon stanol formed from the biohydrogenation of cholesterol (cholest-5en-3β-ol) in the gut of most higher animals and birds. It is a breakdown product of 5b-coprastanol and can be found in treated sewage. It is considered to be an antioxidant and is a major constituent of ambergris. [HMDB] Same as: D01527
7-Dehydrocholesterol
7-Dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), also known as provitamin D3 or 5,7-cholestadien-3-b-ol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 7-dehydrocholesterol is also classified as a sterol. 7-Dehydrocholesterol is known as a zoosterol, meaning that it is a sterol isolated from animals (to distinguish those sterols isolated from plants which are called phytosterols). 7-DHC functions in the serum as a cholesterol precursor and is photochemically converted to vitamin D3 in the skin. Therefore 7-DHC functions as provitamin-D3. The presence of 7-DHC in human skin enables humans and other mammals to manufacture vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) from ultraviolet rays in the sun light, via an intermediate isomer pre-vitamin D3. 7-DHC absorbs UV light most effectively at wavelengths between 290 and 320 nm and, thus, the production of vitamin D3 will occur primarily at those wavelengths (PMID: 9625080). The two most important factors that govern the generation of pre-vitamin D3 are the quantity (intensity) and quality (appropriate wavelength) of the UVB irradiation reaching the 7-dehydrocholesterol deep in the stratum basale and stratum spinosum (PMID: 9625080). 7-DHC is also found in the milk of several mammalian species, including cows (PMID: 10999630; PMID: 225459). It was discovered by Nobel-laureate organic chemist Adolf Windaus. 7-DHC can be produced by animals and plants via different pathways (PMID: 23717318). It is not produced by fungi in significant amounts. 7-DHC is made by some algae and can also be produced by some bacteria. 7-Dehydrocholesterol is a zoosterol (a sterol produced by animals rather than plants). It is a provitamin-D. The presence of this compound in skin enables humans to manufacture vitamin D3 from ultra-violet rays in the sun light, via an intermediate isomer provitamin D3. It is also found in breast milk. [HMDB] D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins > D000072664 - Provitamins 7-Dehydrocholesterol is biosynthetic precursor of cholesterol and vitamin D3. 7-Dehydrocholesterol is biosynthetic precursor of cholesterol and vitamin D3.
Lathosterol
Lathosterol is a a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is used as an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis (PMID 14511438). Plasma lathosterol levels are significantly elevated in patients with bile acid malabsorption (PMID: 8777839). Lathosterol oxidase (EC 1.14.21.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O [HMDB] Lathosterol is a a sterol (a combination steroid and alcohol) and a lipid found in the cell membranes of all body tissues, and transported in the blood plasma of all animals. It is used as an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis (PMID 14511438). Plasma lathosterol levels are significantly elevated in patients with bile acid malabsorption (PMID:8777839). Lathosterol oxidase (EC 1.14.21.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(P)+ + 2 H2O. Lathosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. Serum Lathosterol concentration is an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis. Lathosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. Serum Lathosterol concentration is an indicator of whole-body cholesterol synthesis.
Desmosterol
Desmosterol is an intermediate in the synthesis of cholesterol. Desmosterolosis is a rare autosomal recessive inborn errors of cholesterol synthesis that is caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase which results in an accumulation of demosterol (DHCR24, EC 1.3.1.72), combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia and includes 2-3 toe syndactyly with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS; the biochemical block in SLOS results in decreased cholesterol levels and increased 7-dehydrocholesterol levels). Desmosterolosis is caused by mutation of the 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene (DHCR24). Many of the malformations in SLOS and desmosterolosis are consistent with impaired hedgehog function. The hedgehog proteins include Sonic hedgehog (SHH), which plays a major role in midline patterning and limb development. Desmosterolosis, caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase, combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia. 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7, EC 1.3.1.21) reduces the C7-C8 double bond in the sterol B ring to form cholesterol or desmosterol depending upon the precursor. Desmosterol can be converted to cholesterol by DHCR24. Therefore, SLOS and Desmosterolosis patients invariably have elevated levels of cholesterol precursors 7-dehydrocholesterol (and its spontaneous isomer 8-dehydrocholesterol) and absent desmosterol. (PMID: 14631207, 16207203). Desmosterol is found in many foods, some of which are fig, sago palm, mexican groundcherry, and pepper (c. frutescens). Desmosterol is an intermediate in the synthesis of cholesterol. Desmosterolosis is a rare autosomal recessive inborn errors of cholesterol synthesis that is caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase which results in an accumulation of demosterol (DHCR24, EC 1.3.1.72), combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia and includes 2-3 toe syndactyly with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS; the biochemical block in SLOS results in decreased cholesterol levels and increased 7-dehydrocholesterol levels). Desmosterolosis is caused by mutation of the 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene (DHCR24). Many of the malformations in SLOS and desmosterolosis are consistent with impaired hedgehog function. The hedgehog proteins include Sonic hedgehog (SHH), which plays a major role in midline patterning and limb development. Desmosterolosis, caused by defective activity of desmosterol reductase, combines a severe osteosclerotic skeletal dysplasia. 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7, EC 1.3.1.21) reduces the C7-C8 double bond in the sterol B ring to form cholesterol or desmosterol depending upon the precursor. Desmosterol can be converted to cholesterol by DHCR24. Therefore, SLOS and Desmosterolosis patients invariably have elevated levels of cholesterol precursors 7-dehydrocholesterol (and its spontaneous isomer 8-dehydrocholesterol) and absent desmosterol. (PMID: 14631207, 16207203). Desmosterol is a molecule similar to cholesterol. Desmosterol is the immediate precursor of cholesterol in the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Desmosterol, as an endogenous metabolite, used to study cholesterol metabolism[1]. Desmosterol is a molecule similar to cholesterol. Desmosterol is the immediate precursor of cholesterol in the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis. Desmosterol, as an endogenous metabolite, used to study cholesterol metabolism[1].
5alpha-Cholest-8-en-3beta-ol
5a-Cholest-8-en-3b-ol is a normal human metabolite and an intermediate of cholesterol synthesis. The concentrations of zymostenol are higher, both in serum and bile of patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, compared to controls or in patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis treated with chenodeoxycholic acid. Kidney transplant recipients had lower serum zymostenol when compared to controls. During consumption of plant stanol ester spread by hypercholesterolemic children, plant sterols in the plasma decrease and cholesterol precursor sterols such as zymostenol increase. (PMID: 15736111, 16709621, 16477216, 12756385) [HMDB]. 5a-Cholest-8-en-3b-ol is found in many foods, some of which are chinese water chestnut, garden tomato, calabash, and cassava. 5alpha-Cholest-8-en-3beta-ol, also known as zymostenol, is a normal human metabolite and an intermediate of cholesterol synthesis. The concentrations of zymostenol are higher, both in the serum and bile of patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, compared to controls or in patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis treated with chenodeoxycholic acid. Kidney transplant recipients had lower serum zymostenol when compared to controls. During consumption of plant stanol ester spread by hypercholesterolemic children, plant sterols in the plasma decreased and cholesterol precursor sterols such as zymostenol increased (PMID: 15736111, 16709621, 16477216, 12756385).
4-alpha-Methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-en-3-one
4-alpha-Methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-en-3-one is involved in the steroid biosynthesis pathway. In this pathway, 4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-en-3-one is enzymatically converted from 4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-en-3-beta-ol via the enzyme 3-keto-steroid reductase (EC: 1.1.1.270) and the cofactor NADP(+). This enzyme is responsible for the reduction of the keto group on the C-3 of sterols. (Pathway Commons). Steroid biosynthesis is an anabolic metabolic pathway that produces steroids from simple precursors. This pathway is carried out in different ways in animals than in many other organisms, making the pathway a common target for antibiotics and other anti-infective drugs. In addition, steroid metabolism in humans is the target of cholesterol-lowering drugs such as statins. (Wikipedia).
4-beta-Hydroxymethyl-4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-en-3-beta-ol
4-beta-hydroxymethyl-4-alpha-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-en-3-beta-ol is part of the Steroid biosynthesis pathway. It is a substrate for: Methylsterol monooxygenase 1, and Methylsterol monooxygenase 1.
3-beta-Hydroxy-4-beta-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-ene-4-alpha-carboxylate
3-beta-Hydroxy-4-beta-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-ene-4-alpha-carboxylate is a steroid biosynthesis intermediate. It is a substrate for sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.170) and participates in the following reaction: 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)+ = 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3-one + CO2 + NAD(P)H. It is also produced by methylsterol hydroxylase. It participates in the following reaction: 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carbaldehyde + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)+ + H2O [HMDB] 3-beta-Hydroxy-4-beta-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-ene-4-alpha-carboxylate is a steroid biosynthesis intermediate. It is a substrate for sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.170) and participates in the following reaction: 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)+ = 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3-one + CO2 + NAD(P)H. It is also produced by methylsterol hydroxylase. It participates in the following reaction: 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carbaldehyde + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.
4alpha-Methylzymosterol
4alpha-Methylzymosterol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 4alpha-methylzymosterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 4alpha-Methylzymosterol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. Outside of the human body, 4alpha-methylzymosterol has been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as redcurrants, sunflowers, robusta coffees, white mustards, and sesbania flowers. This could make 4alpha-methylzymosterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. 4alpha-Methylzymosterol is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of steroids. It is the seventh to last step in the synthesis of vitamin D2 and is converted from 3-keto-4-methylzymosterol via the enzyme 3-keto steroid reductase (EC 1.1.1.270). It is then converted into zymosterol. 4a-Methylzymosterol is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of steroids (KEGG ID C05103). It is the 7th to last step in the synthesis of vitamin D2 and is converted from 3-keto-4-methtylzymosterol via the enzyme 3-keto steroid reductase [EC:1.1.1.270]. It is then converted to zymosterol. (KEGG) [HMDB]
7-Dehydrodesmosterol
7-dehydrodesmosterol, also known as cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol or 24-dehydroprovitamin d3, belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 7-dehydrodesmosterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 7-dehydrodesmosterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 7-dehydrodesmosterol can be found in a number of food items such as nectarine, orange bell pepper, cinnamon, and carrot, which makes 7-dehydrodesmosterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. In humans, 7-dehydrodesmosterol is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include atorvastatin action pathway, simvastatin action pathway, pamidronate action pathway, and steroid biosynthesis. 7-dehydrodesmosterol is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include mevalonic aciduria, wolman disease, chondrodysplasia punctata II, X linked dominant (CDPX2), and hyper-igd syndrome. 7-Dehydrodesmosterol is a sterol intermediate in the biosynthesis of steroids. 7-Dehydrodesmosterol is a substrate of the enzyme 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase (EC:1.3.1.72), an important enzyme in the biosynthesis of Cholesterol. Cholesterol is synthesized from either Lathosterol, 7-Dehydrocholesterol, Desmosterol or Cholestenol by the enzyme 3beta-hydroxysterol delta7 reductase (EC 1.3.1.21, Dhcr7). The Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS, OMIM 270400) is caused by a genetic defect in cholesterol biosynthesis; mutations in the enzyme 3beta-hydroxysterol delta7 reductase lead to a failure of cholesterol synthesis, with an accumulation of precursor sterols, such as 7-Dehydrodesmosterol. SLOS results in craniofacial, limb as well as major organ defects, including the brain. In individuals with this syndrome, mental retardation, as well as other CNS dysfunction, is almost 100\\% prevalent. (PMID: 15862627, 17197219).
4α-methyl-cholesta-8-enol
4α-methyl-cholesta-8-enol, also known as Methost-8-enol, is classified as a cholesterol or a Cholesterol derivative. Cholesterols are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. 4α-methyl-cholesta-8-enol is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and basic. 4α-methyl-cholesta-8-enol is a sterol lipid molecule
Zymosterol intermediate 2
Zymosterol, also known as 5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol or delta8,24-cholestadien-3beta-ol, belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, zymosterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. Zymosterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Zymosterol can be synthesized from 5alpha-cholestane. Zymosterol is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, 4beta-methylzymosterol-4alpha-carboxylic acid, 3-dehydro-4-methylzymosterol, and zymosterol intermediate 1b. Zymosterol can be found in a number of food items such as squashberry, hard wheat, salmonberry, and loquat, which makes zymosterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Zymosterol exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. In humans, zymosterol is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include zoledronate action pathway, alendronate action pathway, pravastatin action pathway, and atorvastatin action pathway. Zymosterol is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include cholesteryl ester storage disease, lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (wolman disease), smith-lemli-opitz syndrome (SLOS), and chondrodysplasia punctata II, X linked dominant (CDPX2). Zymosterol is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis. Disregarding some intermediate compounds (e.g. 4-4-dimethylzymosterol) lanosterol can be considered a precursor of zymosterol in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. The conversion of zymosterol into cholesterol happens in the endoplasmic reticulum. Zymosterol accumulates quickly in the plasma membrane coming from the cytosol. The movement of zymosterol across the cytosol is more than twice as fast as the movement of cholesterol itself . Zymosterol is the precursor of cholesterol and is found in the plasma membrane. zymosterol circulates within the cells. The structural features of zymosterol provided optimal substrate acceptability. In human fibroblasts, zymosterol is converted to cholesterol solely in the rough ER. Little or no zymosterol or cholesterol accumulates in the rough ER in vivo. Newly synthesized zymosterol moves to the plasma membrane without a detectable lag and with a half-time of 9 min, about twice as fast as cholesterol. The pool of radiolabeled zymosterol in the plasma membrane turns over rapidly, faster than does intracellular cholesterol. Thus, plasma membrane zymosterol is not stagnant. [3H]Zymosterol pulsed into intact cells is initially found in the plasma membrane. (PMID: 1939176). COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
7a-Hydroxy-5b-cholestan-3-one
7alpha-Hydroxy-5beta-cholestan-3-one is an intermediate in bile acid synthesis. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depending only on the presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g. membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135). 7alpha-Hydroxy-5beta-cholestan-3-one is an intermediate in bile acid synthesis. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135) [HMDB]
3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholestane
3alpha,7alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholestane is an intermediate in bile acid synthesis. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depending only on the presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g. membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135). 3alpha,7alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholestane is an intermediate in bile acid synthesis. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, depends only on presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH and, consequently, require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. Bile acids have potent toxic properties (e.g., membrane disruption) and there are a plethora of mechanisms to limit their accumulation in blood and tissues. (PMID: 11316487, 16037564, 12576301, 11907135) [HMDB]
5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-triol
5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-triol is an intermediate in bile acid biosynthesis. 5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-triol is the second to last step in the synthesis of 5beta-cyprinolsulfate. It is converted from 7alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-3-one via enzymatic reaction, and then it is converted into 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,26-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestane via the enzyme cytochrome P450 (EC 1.14.13.15). This compound inhibits la-hydroxylation (PMID: 7937829). It is the byproduct of cholestanetetraol 26-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.161) and the reaction that catalyzes it is classified as a small molecule reaction (BioCyc). 5-b-Cholestane-3a ,7a ,12a-triol is an intermediate in Bile acid biosynthesis. 5-b-Cholestane-3a ,7a ,12a-triol is the second to last step of synthesis of 5beta-Cyprinolsulfate. It is converted from 7alpha,12alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-3-one via enzymatic reaction then it is coneverted to 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,26-Tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestane via the enzyme cytochrome P450(EC.1.14.13.15). This compound inhibits la-Hydroxylation, (PMID: 7937829). It is the byproduct of Cholestanetetraol 26-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.161), and the reaction that cataylzes it is classified as a small molecule reaction. (BioCyc) [HMDB]
7a-Hydroxy-cholestene-3-one
7a-Hydroxy-cholestene-3-one is a metabolite in bile acid synthesis. It is derived from 7a-hydroxy-cholesterol and can be further metabolized to 7a,12a,-dihydroxy-cholest-4-en-3-one. Analysis of 7a-Hydroxycholestene-3-one (HCO) in serum may serve as a novel, simple, and sensitive method for the detection of bile acid malabsorption in patients with chronic diarrhea of unknown origin (PMID 9952217) [HMDB] 7a-Hydroxy-cholestene-3-one is a metabolite in bile acid synthesis. It is derived from 7a-hydroxy-cholesterol and can be further metabolized to 7a,12a,-dihydroxy-cholest-4-en-3-one. Analysis of 7a-Hydroxycholestene-3-one (HCO) in serum may serve as a novel, simple, and sensitive method for the detection of bile acid malabsorption in patients with chronic diarrhea of unknown origin (PMID 9952217).
20alpha-Hydroxycholesterol
20 alpha-hydroxycholesterol participates in C21-Steroid hormone metabolism. 20 alpha-hydroxycholesterol is produced by the reaction between cholesterol and the enzyme, cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain-cleaving) [EC:1.14.15.6]. [HMDB] 20 alpha-hydroxycholesterol participates in C21-Steroid hormone metabolism. 20 alpha-hydroxycholesterol is produced by the reaction between cholesterol and the enzyme, cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain-cleaving) [EC:1.14.15.6]. 20(S)-hydroxyCholesterol (20α-Hydroxycholesterol) is an allosteric activator of the oncoprotein smoothened (Smo) that activates the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway with an EC50 of 3 μM in a gene transcription reporter assay using NIH3T3 cells[1][2].
4,4-Dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trienol
4,4-Dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trienol is a product of the enzyme delta14-sterol reductase [EC 1.3.1.70] (KEGG). It is involved in the biosynthesis of steroids and is involved in the conversion of lanosterol to zymosterol. In particular, lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase, catalyzes the C-14 demethylation of lanosterol to form 4,4-Dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trienol in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. It is thought to be a meiosis activating sterol. [HMDB] 4,4-Dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trienol is a product of the enzyme delta14-sterol reductase [EC 1.3.1.70] (KEGG). It is involved in the biosynthesis of steroids and is involved in the conversion of lanosterol to zymosterol. In particular, lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase, catalyzes the C-14 demethylation of lanosterol to form 4,4-Dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trienol in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. It is thought to be a meiosis activating sterol.
3-beta-Hydroxy-4-beta-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-ene-4-alpha-carbaldehyde
3-beta-hydroxy-4-beta-methyl-5-alpha-cholest-7-ene-4-alpha-carbaldehyde is part of the Steroid biosynthesis pathway. It is a substrate for: Methylsterol monooxygenase 1, and Methylsterol monooxygenase 1.
25-Hydroxycholesterol
25-Hydroxycholesterol is steroid derivative that suppresses the cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). It also induces apoptosis through down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression and activation of caspases. 25-Hydroxycholesterol also enhances Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta-induced) IL-8 production.(PMID: 17086498 ). 25-hydroxycholesterol is endogenously produced from cholesterol at early time intervals after cholesterol ingestion. It inhibits HMG-CoA reductase and so it also plays a significant role in the in vivo regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis after an acute dietary cholesterol challenge. [HMDB] 25-Hydroxycholesterol is steroid derivative that suppresses the cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). It also induces apoptosis through down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression and activation of caspases. 25-Hydroxycholesterol also enhances Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta-induced) IL-8 production.(PMID: 17086498). 25-hydroxycholesterol is endogenously produced from cholesterol at early time intervals after cholesterol ingestion. It inhibits HMG-CoA reductase and so it also plays a significant role in the in vivo regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis after an acute dietary cholesterol challenge. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS 25-Hydroxycholesterol is a metabolite of cholesterol that is produced and secreted by macrophages in response to Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. 25-hydroxycholesterol is a potent (EC50≈65 nM) and selective suppressor of IgA production by B cells.
3-Keto-4-methylzymosterol
3-Keto-4-methylzymosterol is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of steroids (KEGG:C15816). It is the 8th to last step in the synthesis of vitamin D2 and is converted from 4-methtylzymosterol-carboxylate via the enzyme sterol-4alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (EC:1.1.1.170). It is then converted to 4-methylzymosterol via the enzyme 3-keto steroid reductase (EC:1.1.1.270). [HMDB]. 3-Keto-4-methylzymosterol is found in many foods, some of which are sweet cherry, horseradish tree, eggplant, and dill. 3-Keto-4-methylzymosterol is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of steroids (KEGG:C15816). It is the 8th to last step in the synthesis of vitamin D2 and is converted from 4-methtylzymosterol-carboxylate via the enzyme sterol-4alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (EC:1.1.1.170). It is then converted to 4-methylzymosterol via the enzyme 3-keto steroid reductase (EC:1.1.1.270).
7alpha,25-Dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one
This compound belongs to the family of Cholesterols and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an hydroxylated chloestane moeity.
Cholesterol sulfate
C27H46O4S (466.31166360000003)
Cholesterol sulfate, or cholest-5-en-3beta-ol sulfate, is an endogenous steroid and the C3beta sulfate ester of cholesterol. It is formed from cholesterol by steroid sulfotransferases (SSTs) such as SULT2B1b (also known as cholesterol sulfotransferase) and is converted back into cholesterol by steroid sulfatase (STS). Accumulation of cholesterol sulfate in the skin is implicated in the pathophysiology of X-linked ichthyosis, a congenital disorder in which STS is non-functional and the body cannot convert cholesterol sulfate back into cholesterol. Cholesterol sulfate is quantitatively the most important known sterol sulfate in human plasma, where it is present in a concentration that overlaps that of the other abundant circulating steroid sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) sulfate (PMID 12730293). Cholesterol sulfate has a stabilizing function on the membrane, supports platelet adhesion and is involved in signal transduction (PMID 12730293). It plays a role in protecting erythrocytes from osmotic lysis and regulating sperm capacitation. Cholesterol sulfate can regulate the activity of serine proteases, e.g., those involved in blood clotting, fibrinolysis, and epidermal cell adhesion (PMID 12730293). As a result of its ability to regulate the activity of selective protein kinase C isoforms and modulate the specificity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, cholesterol sulfate is involved in signal transduction (PMID 12730293). Cholesterol sulfate functions in keratinocyte differentiation, inducing genes that encode for key components involved in development of the barrier (PMID 12730293). Cholesterol sulfate is a sterol sulfate in human plasma. It is a component of cell membrane and has a regulatory function. It has a stabilizing function on the membrane, supports platelet adhesion and involves in signal transduction. (PMID 12730293) [HMDB] D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D015842 - Serine Proteinase Inhibitors D020011 - Protective Agents > D016588 - Anticarcinogenic Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
5alpha-Cholestanone
5alpha-Cholestanone, also known as 5α-cholestanone, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 5alpha-cholestanone is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 5alpha-Cholestanone is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. It is an oxidation product of coprosterol. It is a substrate of cholestenone 5alpha-reductase [EC 1.3.1.22] (KEGG). [HMDB] 5α-Cholestan-3-one is an endogenous metabolite.
7a,12a-Dihydroxy-cholestene-3-one
7a,12a-Dihydroxy-cholestene-3-one is an intermediate in bile acid synthesis; is considerably higher in patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) than in the normal liver. (PMID 7017048) [HMDB] 7a,12a-Dihydroxy-cholestene-3-one is an intermediate in bile acid synthesis; is considerably higher in patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) than in the normal liver. (PMID 7017048).
5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol
5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is involved in the biosynthesis of steroids. 5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is reversibly converted into 5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol by delta24-sterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.72). 5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is also converted into zymosterol by cholestenol delta-isomerase (EC 5.3.3.5). 5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is also converted into 7-Dehydrodesmosterol. 5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is a substrate for 3-beta-hydroxysteroid-delta(8),delta(7)-isomerase. 5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is involved in the biosynthesis of steroids. 5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is reversibly converted to 5alpha-Cholest-7-en-3beta-ol by delta24-sterol reductase [EC:1.3.1.72]. 5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is also converted to zymosterol by cholestenol delta-isomerase [EC:5.3.3.5]. 5alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is also converted to 7-Dehydrodesmosterol. 5a-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3b-ol is a substrate for 3-beta-hydroxysteroid-delta(8),delta(7)-isomerase. [HMDB]
dTDP-D-galactose
dTDP-D-galactose is an intermediate involved in nucleotide sugar metabolism. It can be generated by dTDP-D-glucose through the action of the enzyme UDP-glucose 4-epimerase. [HMDB] dTDP-D-galactose is an intermediate involved in nucleotide sugar metabolism. It can be generated by dTDP-D-glucose through the action of the enzyme UDP-glucose 4-epimerase.
5beta-Coprostanol
Coprosterol or coprostanol is a cholesterol derivative found in human feces, gallstones, eggs, and other biological matter. Coprosterol is the odorous principle of feces. It is formed from the biohydrogenation of cholesterol (cholest-5en-3β-ol) in the gut of most higher animals and birds. This compound has frequently been used as a biomarker for the presence of human faecal matter in the environment. American physician Austin Flint named it stercorin (Wikipedia). The transformation of cholesterol into coprosterol in its passage through the body involves a reduction of the C5:C6 double bond, and a transition from the allocholanic- to the cholanic-ring system. Although it is established that the bacterial flora of the intestine is concerned in the reduction process, the mechanism by which the stereochemical change is brought about is unknown. Current data suggests that cholestenone and coprostanone, and not cholesterol itself, are the immediate precursors of coprosterol which is formed from them in the intestine by bacterial reduction. Coprosterol is also a microbial metabolite, it can be produced by Lactobacillus (PMID: 20338415). Coprosterol or coprostanol is a cholesterol derivative found in human feces, gallstones, eggs, and other biological matter. Coprosterol is the odorous principle of feces. It is formed from the biohydrogenation of cholesterol (cholest-5en-3β-ol) in the gut of most higher animals and birds. This compound has frequently been used as a biomarker for the presence of human faecal matter in the environment. American physician Austin Flint named it stercorin . The transformation of cholesterol into coprosterol in its passage through the body involves a reduction of the C5:C6 double bond, and a transition from the allocholanic- to the cholanic-ring system. Although it is established that the bacterial flora of the intestine is concerned in the reduction process, the mechanism by which the stereochemical change is brought about is unknown. Current data suggests that cholestenone and coprostanone, and not cholesterol itself, are the immediate precursors of coprosterol which is formed from them in the intestine by bacterial reduction. [HMDB] Same as: D01527
7-Ketocholesterol
7-Ketocholesterol is a major oxidation product of cholesterol (oxysterol) found in human atherosclerotic plaque and is more atherogenic than cholesterol in some animal studies. Oxysterols (oxygenated forms of cholesterol) are present at low levels in the circulation and accumulate is plasma and tissues in some pathologies. In atherosclerotic lesions, 7-oxygenated oxysterols, predominantly 7-ketocholesterol, accumulate and have been implicated in the pathology of the disease. There is some in vivo and in vitro evidence that sterol 27-hydroxylase acts on 7-ketocholesterol to initiate its degradation to more polar, water-soluble products. Recent studies indicate an alternative mechanism, in which 7-ketocholesterol is reduced to 7 beta-hydroxycholesterol by 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. 7-Ketocholesterol can inhibit cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting step in bile acid biosynthesis, as well as strongly inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It has even been suggested that 7-ketocholesterol is formed enzymically as an endogenous regulator of cholesterol biosynthesis. However, when tested as a pharmacological cholesterol-lowering agent, inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase was rapidly overcome and the 7-ketocholesterol metabolised. In vitro, 7-ketocholesterol has wide-ranging and potent effects, most of which have the potential to contribute to atherosclerosis. For example, 7-ketocholesterol can be cytotoxic and can induce apoptosis in vascular cells. These effects, either individually or more likely, in combination, all implicate 7-ketocholesterol in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis, but further work is needed to establish whether or not its role is a direct causal one. 7-Ketocholesterol is the second most abundant oxysterol found in human atherosclerotic plaque, after the enzymically formed 27-hydroxycholesterol (cholest-5-ene-3beta,27-diol). 7-Ketocholesterol differs from cholesterol by a ketone functional group present at the 7-position. It is produced from cholesterol via the epimeric cholesterol 7-hydroperoxides (cholest-5-ene-3beta-ol-7-hydroperoxide) which decompose to the epimeric 7-hydroxycholesterols (cholest-5-ene-3beta,7-diol) and 7-ketocholesterol. 7-Ketocholesterol is a major dietary oxysterol. It has also been widely suggested that 7-ketocholesterol present in atherosclerotic tissue may be derived from the diet. Certainly, 7-ketocholesterol is a major oxysterol found in cholesterol-rich processed foodstuffs. Dietary 7-ketocholesterol is rapidly metabolised by the liver to 7beta-hydroxycholesterol (cholest-5-ene-3beta,7beta-diol), unusual bile acids and perhaps even cholesterol itself. Its conversion to 7beta-hydroxycholesterol is well documented. (PMID: 15798369, 10224662). 7-Ketocholesterol is a major oxidation product of cholesterol (oxysterol) found in human atherosclerotic plaque and is more atherogenic than cholesterol in some animal studies. Oxysterols (oxygenated forms of cholesterol) are present at low levels in the circulation and accumulate is plasma and tissues in some pathologies. In atherosclerotic lesions, 7-oxygenated oxysterols, predominantly 7-ketocholesterol, accumulate and have been implicated in the pathology of the disease. There is some in vivo and in vitro evidence that sterol 27-hydroxylase acts on 7-ketocholesterol to initiate its degradation to more polar, water-soluble products. Recent studies indicate an alternative mechanism, in which 7-ketocholesterol is reduced to 7 beta-hydroxycholesterol by 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. 7-Ketocholesterol, toxic oxysterol, inhibits the rate-limiting step in bile acid biosynthesis cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, as well as strongly inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase (the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis). 7-Ketocholesterol induces cell apoptosis[1].
Cholesta-4,6-dien-3-one
Cholesta-4,6-dien-3-one is a product of the oxidation of cholesteral. It may be metabolized to 4-cholesten-3-one and cholestanol by liver, adrenals and brain. An accumulation of cholesta-4,6-dien-3-one is found in serum of patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, and it is possible that accumulation of cholesterol in these patients is secondary to accumulation of cholesta-4,6-dien-3-one (PMID: 3557306; 16757819; 3676336) [HMDB] Cholesta-4,6-dien-3-one is a product of the oxidation of cholesteral. It may be metabolized to 4-cholesten-3-one and cholestanol by liver, adrenals and brain. An accumulation of cholesta-4,6-dien-3-one is found in serum of patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, and it is possible that accumulation of cholesterol in these patients is secondary to accumulation of cholesta-4,6-dien-3-one (PMID: 3557306; 16757819; 3676336).
4a-Methyl-5a-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one
4a-Methyl-5a-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one is an intermediate in the Cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme 3-keto-steroid reductase [EC 1.1.1.270]. (MetaCyc Pathway: cholesterol biosynthesis) [HMDB] 4a-Methyl-5a-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one is an intermediate in the Cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme 3-keto-steroid reductase [EC 1.1.1.270]. (MetaCyc Pathway: cholesterol biosynthesis).
5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,27-triol
This compound belongs to the family of Cholesterols and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an hydroxylated chloestane moeity.
Polyporusterone C
Polyporusterone C is found in mushrooms. Polyporusterone C is a constituent of Polyporus umbellatus (zhu ling). Constituent of Polyporus umbellatus (zhu ling). Polyporusterone C is found in mushrooms.
Stenocereol
Stenocereol is found in fruits. Stenocereol is a constituent of Stenocereus thurberi (organ pipe cactus) Constituent of Stenocereus thurberi (organ pipe cactus). Stenocereol is found in fruits.
Doristerol
Doristerol is found in root vegetables. Doristerol is a constituent of Dioscorea batatas (Chinese yam) Constituent of Dioscorea batatas (Chinese yam). Doristerol is found in root vegetables.
(3beta,4alpha,5alpha)-4-Methyl-8(14)-cholesten-3-ol
Constituent of Capsicum annuum seeds. (3beta,4alpha,5alpha)-4-Methyl-8(14)-cholesten-3-ol is found in many foods, some of which are herbs and spices, red bell pepper, yellow bell pepper, and italian sweet red pepper. (3beta,4alpha,5alpha)-4-Methyl-8(14)-cholesten-3-ol is found in herbs and spices. (3beta,4alpha,5alpha)-4-Methyl-8(14)-cholesten-3-ol is a constituent of Capsicum annuum seeds
Polyporusterone E
Polyporusterone E is found in mushrooms. Polyporusterone E is a constituent of Polyporus umbellatus (zhu ling). Constituent of Polyporus umbellatus (zhu ling). Polyporusterone E is found in mushrooms.
(3beta,5alpha,7alpha)-14-Methylcholesta-9(11),24-diene-3,7-diol
(3beta,5alpha,7alpha)-14-Methylcholesta-9(11),24-diene-3,7-diol is found in root vegetables. (3beta,5alpha,7alpha)-14-Methylcholesta-9(11),24-diene-3,7-diol is a constituent of the tubers of Colocasia esculenta (taro). Constituent of the tubers of Colocasia esculenta (taro). (3beta,5alpha,7alpha)-14-Methylcholesta-9(11),24-diene-3,7-diol is found in root vegetables.
(5alpha,14alpha)-14-Methylcholestan-3-one
(5alpha,14alpha)-14-Methylcholestan-3-one is found in cereals and cereal products. (5alpha,14alpha)-14-Methylcholestan-3-one is a constituent of mature wheat straw (Triticum aestivum). Constituent of mature wheat straw (Triticum aestivum). (5alpha,14alpha)-14-Methylcholestan-3-one is found in wheat and cereals and cereal products.
(3beta,5alpha,6a)-Cholesta-8,14-diene-3,6-diol
(3beta,5alpha,6a)-Cholesta-8,14-diene-3,6-diol is found in fruits. (3beta,5alpha,6a)-Cholesta-8,14-diene-3,6-diol is a constituent of Stenocereus thurberi (organ pipe cactus) Constituent of Stenocereus thurberi (organ pipe cactus). (3beta,5alpha,6a)-Cholesta-8,14-diene-3,6-diol is found in fruits.
5a-Cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one
5a-Cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one is an intermediate in the cholesterol synthesis pathway, the by-product of the Sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase enzyme [EC 1.1.1.70], and the substrate of the 3-keto-steroid reductase enzyme [EC 1.1.1.270]. (BioCyc, ExPASy) [HMDB] 5a-Cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one is an intermediate in the cholesterol synthesis pathway, the by-product of the Sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase enzyme [EC 1.1.1.70], and the substrate of the 3-keto-steroid reductase enzyme [EC 1.1.1.270]. (BioCyc, ExPASy).
4Alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol
4Alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol is a 3-beta-hydroxysterol that is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis. It is a substrate for C-4 methyl sterol oxidase (SC4MOL) and can be generated from 4-alpha-methylzymosterol. The sequence of reactions and the types of intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis may vary. Alternate routes exist because reduction of the carbon 24,25 double bond on the hydrocarbon side chain of the sterol ring structure by sterol delta24-reductase can occur at multiple points in the pathway, giving rise to different intermediates. These intermediates, with or without a double bond in the hydrocarbon side chain, can serve as substrates for the other enzymes in the pathway. [HMDB] 4Alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol is a 3-beta-hydroxysterol that is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis. It is a substrate for C-4 methyl sterol oxidase (SC4MOL) and can be generated from 4-alpha-methylzymosterol. The sequence of reactions and the types of intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis may vary. Alternate routes exist because reduction of the carbon 24,25 double bond on the hydrocarbon side chain of the sterol ring structure by sterol delta24-reductase can occur at multiple points in the pathway, giving rise to different intermediates. These intermediates, with or without a double bond in the hydrocarbon side chain, can serve as substrates for the other enzymes in the pathway.
4a-Formyl-5a-cholesta-8,24-dien-3b-ol
4a-Formyl-5a-cholesta-8,24-dien-3b-ol is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme methylsterol monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.72, 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating)). (MetaCyc).
4α-carboxy-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol
4α-carboxy-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and acidic. 4α-carboxy-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol is a sterol lipid molecule
5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,25-tetrol
5β-Cholestane-3α,7α,12α,25-tetrol is an intermediate in the bile acid synthetic pathway, and is secreted into the bile and urine following glucuronidation. It does not undergo enterohepatic circulation. In cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX), a bile acid synthesis disorder caused by sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27) deficiency, early intermediates and cholestanol accumulate in a variety of tissues, and glucuronides of 25-hydroxylated bile alcohols are released in bile, blood, and urine (PMID: 11181760). Bile acid synthesis from cholesterol is tightly regulated via a feedback mechanism mediated by the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor activated by bile acids. Synthesis via the classic pathway is initiated by a series of cholesterol ring modifications and followed by the side chain cleavage. The enhanced cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) expression in CYP27 deficiency may be the result of a decreased flux of bile acids and bile alcohols into the liver, while production of FXR-activating 5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,25-tetrol is increased (PMID: 15145977).
5alpha-Cholestanol
5alpha-Cholestanol, also known as cholestanol or dihydrocholesterol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 5alpha-cholestanol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 5alpha-Cholestanol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. 5alpha-Cholestanol is a potentially toxic compound. 5alpha-Cholestanol is a cholesterol derivative found in human feces, gallstones, eggs, and other biological matter. 5α-Cholestan-3β-ol is a derivitized steroid compound. 5α-Cholestan-3β-ol is a derivitized steroid compound.
8-Dehydrocholesterol
8-Dehydrocholesterol (8-DHC) elevated concentration is one of the diagnostic biochemical hallmarks of classical Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS). Plasma 8-DHC could be only marginally elevated. (PMID: 16435228). Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is an autosomal recessive condition caused by a defect in cholesterol synthesis (caused by a deficit of 3beta-hydroxysterol-Delta7 reductase). Affected children often have malformations and mental retardation. Autistic behaviors also are evident. In children, the baseline cholesterol, 8-DHC levels, and cholesterol levels following supplementation does not correlate with the presence or severity of autistic symptoms. (PMID: 16761297). Accumulation of 8-dehydrocholesterol in Amniotic fluid is diagnostic for SLOS. (PMID 16231320). 8-Dehydrocholesterol (8-DHC) elevated concentration is one of the diagnostic biochemical hallmarks of classical Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) . Plasma 8-DHC could be only marginally elevated. (PMID: 16435228) 8-Dehydrocholesterol elevated concentration is one of the diagnostic biochemical hallmarks of classical Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS).
Trihydroxycoprostanoic acid
Trihydroxycoprostanoic acid is excreted in the urine of patients with Zellweger syndrome (PMID 7347441), a genetic disorder. The oxidation trihydroxycoprostanic acid is deficient in liver homogenates from patients with peroxisomal diseases (PMID 2576087). Trihydroxycoprostanoic acid is found to be associated with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), which is also an inborn error of metabolism. Trihydroxycoprostanoic acid is excreted in the urine of patients with Zellweger syndrome (PMID 7347441 ) D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D001647 - Bile Acids and Salts D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents > D002793 - Cholic Acids
N-[(3a,5b,7b)-7-hydroxy-24-oxo-3-(sulfooxy)cholan-24-yl]-Glycine
N-[(3a,5b,7b)-7-hydroxy-24-oxo-3-(sulfooxy)cholan-24-yl]-Glycine is an acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate. It is a secondary bile acid produced by the action of enzymes existing in the microbial flora of the colonic environment. In hepatocytes, both primary and secondary bile acids undergo amino acid conjugation at the C-24 carboxylic acid on the side chain, and almost all bile acids in the bile duct therefore exist in a glycine conjugated form (PMID: 16949895). Technically this compound is a sulfate conjugate of glycoursodeoxycholic acid.
7beta-Hydroxycholesterol
7beta-Hydroxycholesterol belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cholesterols and derivatives. Cholesterols and derivatives are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 7beta-hydroxycholesterol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 7beta-Hydroxycholesterol is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. 7beta-Hydroxycholesterol has been identified in atheromatous plaques and in plasma of atherosclerotic patients (PMID: 16604541). 7beta-Hydroxycholesterol induces apoptosis in Caco-2 cells and alters lysosomal membrane integrity. It exhibits a specific enhancement of oxidative stress and of endonuclease G expression (PMID: 17136497). 7b-Hydroxycholesterol is identified in atheromatous plaques and in plasma of atherosclerotic patients.(PMID: 16604541)
Lumisterol 3
Lumisterol 3 is a normal human secosterooid metabolite from the class of vitamin D3 photoisomer derivatives. It is synthesized from 7-Dehydrocholesterol in the epidermis in response to ultraviolet irradiation. When human skin is exposed to ultraviolet radiation, epidermal 7-dehydrocholesterol is converted to previtamin D, and during prolonged exposure, the synthesis of previtamin D3 reaches a plateau at about 10 to 15 percent of the original 7-dehydrocholesterol content, and previtamin D3 is photoisomerized to two biologically inert isomers and lumisterol 3 is one of them (the other one being lumisterol 3). Therefore, lumisterol 3 is a metabolite to chronic exposure to sunlight. Lumisterol 3, as well as other photoisomers of vitamin D3 and previtamin D3 has been demonstrated to have inhibited keratinocyte proliferation. Thus, sunlight provides vitamin D3 photoproducts that may act directly to regulate epidermal proliferation and differentiation under physiologic conditions. (PMID 6256855, 10876100) [HMDB] Lumisterol 3 is a normal human secosterooid metabolite from the class of vitamin D3 photoisomer derivatives. It is synthesized from 7-Dehydrocholesterol in the epidermis in response to ultraviolet irradiation. When human skin is exposed to ultraviolet radiation, epidermal 7-dehydrocholesterol is converted to previtamin D, and during prolonged exposure, the synthesis of previtamin D3 reaches a plateau at about 10 to 15 percent of the original 7-dehydrocholesterol content, and previtamin D3 is photoisomerized to two biologically inert isomers and lumisterol 3 is one of them (the other one being lumisterol 3). Therefore, lumisterol 3 is a metabolite to chronic exposure to sunlight. Lumisterol 3, as well as other photoisomers of vitamin D3 and previtamin D3 has been demonstrated to have inhibited keratinocyte proliferation. Thus, sunlight provides vitamin D3 photoproducts that may act directly to regulate epidermal proliferation and differentiation under physiologic conditions. (PMID 6256855, 10876100).
4-Hydroxyandrostenedione glucuronide
4-Hydroxyandrostenedione glucuronide is a natural human metabolite of 4-Hydroxyandrostenedione generated in the liver by UDP glucuonyltransferase. Glucuronidation is used to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source. Glucuronic acid is attached via a glycosidic bond to the substance, and the resulting glucuronide, which has a much higher water solubility than the original substance, is eventually excreted by the kidneys.
4alpha-Carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol
4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol is a 3-beta-hydroxysterol that is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis II (via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol). It is a substrate for NAD(P)-dependent steroid dehydrogenase (H105E3) and it can be generated from the enzymatic carboxylation of 5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3-one. It is also a substrate for C-4 methyl sterol oxidase (SC4MOL) and can be generated from the enzymatic oxidation of 4alpha-formyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol. The sequence of reactions and the types of intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis may vary. Alternate routes exist because reduction of the carbon 24,25 double bond on the hydrocarbon side chain of the sterol ring structure by sterol delta24-reductase can occur at multiple points in the pathway, giving rise to different intermediates. These intermediates, with or without a double bond in the hydrocarbon side chain, can serve as substrates for the other enzymes in the pathway. [HMDB] 4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol is a 3-beta-hydroxysterol that is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis II (via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol). It is a substrate for NAD(P)-dependent steroid dehydrogenase (H105E3) and it can be generated from the enzymatic carboxylation of 5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3-one. It is also a substrate for C-4 methyl sterol oxidase (SC4MOL) and can be generated from the enzymatic oxidation of 4alpha-formyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol. The sequence of reactions and the types of intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis may vary. Alternate routes exist because reduction of the carbon 24,25 double bond on the hydrocarbon side chain of the sterol ring structure by sterol delta24-reductase can occur at multiple points in the pathway, giving rise to different intermediates. These intermediates, with or without a double bond in the hydrocarbon side chain, can serve as substrates for the other enzymes in the pathway.
4alpha-Formyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol
4alpha-formyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol is a 3-beta-hydroxysterol that is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis II (via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol). It is a substrate for C-4 methyl sterol oxidase (SC4MOL) and can be generated from the enzymatic oxidation of 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol or from the enzymatic reduction of 4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol. The sequence of reactions and the types of intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis II (via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol) may vary. Alternate routes exist because reduction of the carbon 24,25 double bond on the hydrocarbon side chain of the sterol ring structure by sterol delta24-reductase can occur at multiple points in the pathway, giving rise to different intermediates. These intermediates, with or without a double bond in the hydrocarbon side chain, can serve as substrates for the other enzymes in the pathway.
4Alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol
4Alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol is a 3-beta-hydroxysterol that is an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis. It is a substrate for C-4 methyl sterol oxidase (SC4MOL) and can be generated from the enzymatic reduction of 4a-formyl-5a-cholesta-8-en-3b-ol. The sequence of reactions and the types of intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis may vary. Alternate routes exist because reduction of the carbon 24,25 double bond on the hydrocarbon side chain of the sterol ring structure by sterol delta24-reductase can occur at multiple points in the pathway, giving rise to different intermediates. These intermediates, with or without a double bond in the hydrocarbon side chain, can serve as substrates for the other enzymes in the pathway.
4Alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3-one
4Alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3-one is involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis II(via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol) pathway. It can be generated from the enzymatic reduction of 4A-methyl-cholesta-8-enol or enzymatic oxidation of 4a-carboxy-4b-methyl-5a-cholesta-8-en-3b-ol.The sequence of reactions and the types of intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis may vary. Alternate routes exist because reduction of the carbon 24,25 double bond on the hydrocarbon side chain of the sterol ring structure by sterol delta24-reductase can occur at multiple points in the pathway, giving rise to different intermediates. These intermediates, with or without a double bond in the hydrocarbon side chain, can serve as substrates for the other enzymes in the pathway.
5Alpha-cholesta-8-en-3-one
5Alpha-cholesta-8-en-3-one is involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis II(via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol) pathway. It can be generated from the enzymatic reduction of 4a-methyl-cholesta-8-enol or enzymatic oxidation of 4a-carboxy-4b-methyl-5a-cholesta-8-en-3b-ol.The sequence of reactions and the types of intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis may vary. Alternate routes exist because reduction of the carbon 24,25 double bond on the hydrocarbon side chain of the sterol ring structure by sterol delta24-reductase can occur at multiple points in the pathway, giving rise to different intermediates. These intermediates, with or without a double bond in the hydrocarbon side chain, can serve as substrates for the other enzymes in the pathway. [HMDB] 5Alpha-cholesta-8-en-3-one is involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis II(via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol) pathway. It can be generated from the enzymatic reduction of 4a-methyl-cholesta-8-enol or enzymatic oxidation of 4a-carboxy-4b-methyl-5a-cholesta-8-en-3b-ol.The sequence of reactions and the types of intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis may vary. Alternate routes exist because reduction of the carbon 24,25 double bond on the hydrocarbon side chain of the sterol ring structure by sterol delta24-reductase can occur at multiple points in the pathway, giving rise to different intermediates. These intermediates, with or without a double bond in the hydrocarbon side chain, can serve as substrates for the other enzymes in the pathway.
4b-Hydroxycholesterol
4[beta]-Hydroxycholesterol is a new endogenous CYP3A marker: relationship to CYP3A5 genotype, quinine 3-hydroxylation and sex in Koreans, Swedes and Tanzanians [HMDB] 4[beta]-Hydroxycholesterol is a new endogenous CYP3A marker: relationship to CYP3A5 genotype, quinine 3-hydroxylation and sex in Koreans, Swedes and Tanzanians.
22,23-Dihydroergosterol
Constituent of seed oil of Vitis vinifera (wine grape). 22,23-Dihydroergosterol is found in many foods, some of which are common wheat, fruits, alcoholic beverages, and common mushroom. 22,23-Dihydroergosterol is found in alcoholic beverages. 22,23-Dihydroergosterol is a constituent of seed oil of Vitis vinifera (wine grape)
Cholest-5-ene-3-beta,7-alpha-diol
Cholest-5-ene-3-beta,7-alpha-diol is part of the Lipid metabolism, and Primary bile acid biosynthesis pathways. It is a substrate for: 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7.
5-beta-Cholestan-3-one
5-beta-cholestan-3-one is part of the Primary bile acid biosynthesis, and Steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. It is a substrate for: 3-oxo-5-beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenase.
5-alpha-Cholesta-7,24-dien-3-beta-ol
5-alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3-beta-ol is part of the Steroid biosynthesis pathway. It is a substrate for: Delta(24)-sterol reductase.
4-Methylzymosterol intermediate 2
This compound belongs to the family of Cholesterols and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an hydroxylated chloestane moeity. COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3beta-ol
4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3beta-ol is also known as 4,4-DCDO or T-MAS. 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3beta-ol is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and basic. 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3beta-ol is a sterol lipid molecule
4α-carboxy-5α-cholesta-8-en-3β-ol
4α-carboxy-5α-cholesta-8-en-3β-ol is also known as 4alpha-Carboxy-5alpha-cholest-8-en-3beta-ol. 4α-carboxy-5α-cholesta-8-en-3β-ol is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and acidic. 4α-carboxy-5α-cholesta-8-en-3β-ol is a sterol lipid molecule
4α-formyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol
4α-formyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and relatively neutral. 4α-formyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol is a sterol lipid molecule
4α-hydroxymethyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol
4α-hydroxymethyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and relatively neutral. 4α-hydroxymethyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol is a sterol lipid molecule
4α-methyl-5α-cholesta-8-en-3-one
4α-methyl-5α-cholesta-8-en-3-one is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and basic. 4α-methyl-5α-cholesta-8-en-3-one is a sterol lipid molecule
5alpha-cholest-8-en-3-one
5alpha-cholest-8-en-3-one is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and basic. 5alpha-cholest-8-en-3-one is a sterol lipid molecule
4beta,7alpha-dihydroxycholesterol
4beta,7alpha-dihydroxycholesterol is also known as (3beta,4beta,7alpha)-Cholest-5-ene-3,4,7-triol. 4beta,7alpha-dihydroxycholesterol is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and relatively neutral
1-Cholesten-3-one
(3beta,5alpha,12beta)-Cholestane-3,7,12,25-tetrol
Epoxycholesterol
3beta-Hydroxy-5alpha-cholestan-15-one
(3S,4R,8S,10R,13R)-10,13-Dimethyl-17-(6-methylheptan-2-yl)-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,4-diol
Cholesteryl ester hydroperoxide
20alpha-hydroxy cholesterol
Cholest-5-ene-3,25-diol
24,25-Epoxycholesterol
3-Hydroxycholest-5-en-7-one
3-Hydroxycholesterol
4-Methylcholest-7-en-3-ol
Cholest-5-EN-3-one
Cholest-5-en-3-one belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Cholest-5-en-3-one is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Cholest-5-en-3-one can be found in a number of food items such as pepper (c. chinense), walnut, pepper (spice), and vaccinium (blueberry, cranberry, huckleberry), which makes cholest-5-en-3-one a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
3-Hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(6-methylheptan-2-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,11,12,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-15-one
7-Hydroperoxycholesterol
7-Hydroxycholesterol
7alpha,12alpha-Dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one
Adosterol (incomplete stereochemistry)
Anhydro-5alpha-cyprinol
beta-hydroxycholesterol
Carbamoyl cholesterol
Cholest-8-en-3-ol
Cholesta-5,7,9(11)-trien-3beta-ol
Cholestane-2,3-dione
Cholestane-3,5,6-triol
Cholesterol carbonate
Cholesterol glutamate
Cholesterol iopanoate
Cholesterol nitrite
Cholesterol phosphate
Cholesterol-5beta-hydroperoxide
Cholesteryl ether
cholesteryl linoleyl ether
Cholesteryl oleyl carbonate
Cholesteryl oleyl ether
DC-Chol
Epicholesterol
I-Bimetrol
Iodocholesterol
(3alpha,4alpha,5alpha)-4-(2-Propenyl)cholestan-3-ol
2-Amino-5-[[(2S)-1-[N-(carboxymethyl)-2,3-dinitroanilino]-1-oxo-3-sulfanylpropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
C16H19N5O10S (473.08525940000004)
(6-Isocyanatohexyl)carbamic acid 3beta-cholesteryl ester
5-Cholesten-3beta-25-diol-3-sulfate
(10R,13R,17R)-3-Hexadecoxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene
(8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-3-Iodo-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-1,2,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol
(8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-5,6-Dihydroperoxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol
5-alpha-Cholestane-3-beta,5,6-beta-triol, 6-acetate 3-(hydrogen succinate)
2,4-Methylene cholesterol
2,4-methylene cholesterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 2,4-methylene cholesterol can be found in a number of food items such as cucumber, french plantain, muskmelon, and corn, which makes 2,4-methylene cholesterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Cholest-7-en-3beta-ol
Cholest-7-en-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Cholest-7-en-3beta-ol can be found in garden onion and oat, which makes cholest-7-en-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
31-nor-Lanost-8-en-3beta-ol
31-nor-lanost-8-en-3beta-ol, also known as 4-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8(9),24-dien-3beta-ol, belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. 31-nor-lanost-8-en-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 31-nor-lanost-8-en-3beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as orange bell pepper, red bell pepper, pepper (c. annuum), and green bell pepper, which makes 31-nor-lanost-8-en-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
31-nor-Lanost-9(11)-en-3beta-ol
31-nor-lanost-9(11)-en-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 31-nor-lanost-9(11)-en-3beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as orange bell pepper, green bell pepper, yellow bell pepper, and garden tomato (variety), which makes 31-nor-lanost-9(11)-en-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
31-nor-Lanosterol
31-nor-lanosterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 31-nor-lanosterol can be found in a number of food items such as green bell pepper, pepper (c. annuum), yellow bell pepper, and red bell pepper, which makes 31-nor-lanosterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
4alpha-Methyl-5alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol
4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as orange bell pepper, green bell pepper, red bell pepper, and pepper (c. annuum), which makes 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
5alpha-Cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol
5alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 5alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as green bell pepper, red bell pepper, yellow bell pepper, and orange bell pepper, which makes 5alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
delta-5,7,22-Cholestatrienol
Delta-5,7,22-cholestatrienol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Delta-5,7,22-cholestatrienol can be found in cardamom, which makes delta-5,7,22-cholestatrienol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
23-Dehydrocholesterol
23-dehydrocholesterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 23-dehydrocholesterol can be found in sunflower, which makes 23-dehydrocholesterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
delta-24-Cholesterol
Delta-24-cholesterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). Delta-24-cholesterol can be found in apricot, which makes delta-24-cholesterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
4alpha,14alpha-Dimethylcholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol
4alpha,14alpha-dimethylcholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol, also known as 4α,14α-dimethylzymosterol or 29-norlanosterol, belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. 4alpha,14alpha-dimethylcholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4alpha,14alpha-dimethylcholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol can be found in potato, which makes 4alpha,14alpha-dimethylcholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
31-Nordehydrolanosterol
31-nordehydrolanosterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 31-nordehydrolanosterol can be found in dandelion, which makes 31-nordehydrolanosterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
31-Norlanostenol
31-norlanostenol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 31-norlanostenol can be found in garden onion, which makes 31-norlanostenol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
4alpha-Methylzymostenol
4alpha-methylzymostenol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4alpha-methylzymostenol can be found in garden onion, which makes 4alpha-methylzymostenol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
14-demethyllanosterol
14-demethyllanosterol belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. 14-demethyllanosterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 14-demethyllanosterol can be found in a number of food items such as carrot, garland chrysanthemum, shea tree, and black elderberry, which makes 14-demethyllanosterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carbaldehyde
3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carbaldehyde is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carbaldehyde can be found in a number of food items such as lemon thyme, roselle, bog bilberry, and narrowleaf cattail, which makes 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carbaldehyde a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate
3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate can be found in a number of food items such as cornmint, black elderberry, garden rhubarb, and black radish, which makes 3beta-hydroxy-4beta-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-ene-4alpha-carboxylate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
4,4-dimethyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3-beta-ol
4,4-dimethyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3-beta-ol belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. 4,4-dimethyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3-beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4,4-dimethyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3-beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as mentha (mint), rocket salad, savoy cabbage, and yam, which makes 4,4-dimethyl-5-alpha-cholesta-8,14-dien-3-beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol
4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as sesame, annual wild rice, cucumber, and malabar spinach, which makes 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol may be a unique S.cerevisiae (yeast) metabolite. 4,4-dimethyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 4,4-dimethyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 4,4-dimethyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4,4-dimethyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol can be found in a number of food items such as sesame, annual wild rice, cucumber, and malabar spinach, which makes 4,4-dimethyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 4,4-dimethyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol may be a unique S.cerevisiae (yeast) metabolite.
4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol
4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as white lupine, chinese chives, radish, and pear, which makes 4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol
4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as rocket salad (sspecies), red huckleberry, mexican oregano, and chinese bayberry, which makes 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol
4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as small-leaf linden, irish moss, pistachio, and pineapple, which makes 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
4alpha-methyl-cholesta-8-enol
4alpha-methyl-cholesta-8-enol belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. 4alpha-methyl-cholesta-8-enol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4alpha-methyl-cholesta-8-enol can be found in a number of food items such as black-eyed pea, swede, saskatoon berry, and chinese chives, which makes 4alpha-methyl-cholesta-8-enol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
4alpha-methyl-zymosterol
4alpha-methyl-zymosterol belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. 4alpha-methyl-zymosterol is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4alpha-methyl-zymosterol can be found in a number of food items such as chinese chestnut, durian, cucurbita (gourd), and apricot, which makes 4alpha-methyl-zymosterol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
4beta-hydroxymethyl-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol
4beta-hydroxymethyl-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol, also known as 4a-methyl-4b-hydroxymethyl-5a-cholest-7-en-3b-ol, belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 4beta-hydroxymethyl-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 4beta-hydroxymethyl-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4beta-hydroxymethyl-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol can be found in a number of food items such as broad bean, summer savory, hyssop, and alpine sweetvetch, which makes 4beta-hydroxymethyl-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 4beta-hydroxymethyl-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholest-7-en-3beta-ol may be a unique S.cerevisiae (yeast) metabolite. 4β-hydroxymethyl-4α-methyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol, also known as 4a-methyl-4b-hydroxymethyl-5a-cholest-7-en-3b-ol, belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 4β-hydroxymethyl-4α-methyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 4β-hydroxymethyl-4α-methyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 4β-hydroxymethyl-4α-methyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol can be found in a number of food items such as broad bean, summer savory, hyssop, and alpine sweetvetch, which makes 4β-hydroxymethyl-4α-methyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 4β-hydroxymethyl-4α-methyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol may be a unique S.cerevisiae (yeast) metabolite.
5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one
5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one, also known as zymosterone, belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one can be found in a number of food items such as cloudberry, welsh onion, oil-seed camellia, and loquat, which makes 5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one may be a unique S.cerevisiae (yeast) metabolite. 5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one, also known as zymosterone, belongs to cholesterols and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a 3-hydroxylated cholestane core. Thus, 5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one is considered to be a sterol lipid molecule. 5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one is practically insoluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound (based on its pKa). 5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one can be found in a number of food items such as cloudberry, welsh onion, oil-seed camellia, and loquat, which makes 5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. 5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3-one may be a unique S.cerevisiae (yeast) metabolite.