Escin (BioDeep_00000000051)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000227124, BioDeep_00000403113

natural product PANOMIX_OTCML-2023


代谢物信息卡片


(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid

化学式: C55H86O24 (1130.5509)
中文名称: 七叶皂苷IA, 七叶皂苷 A, 七叶皂苷 Ib, 七叶皂素, 七叶皂苷, 七叶皂苷A, 七叶皂苷 IA, 七叶皂苷 IB, 七叶皂甙
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 () 0%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1C(C2(C(CC1(C)C)C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2O)C)C)(C)CO)OC6C(C(C(C(O6)C(=O)O)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)CO)OC(=O)C
InChI: InChI=1S/C55H86O24/c1-10-23(2)46(71)79-43-44(72-24(3)60)55(22-59)26(17-50(43,4)5)25-11-12-30-51(6)15-14-32(52(7,21-58)29(51)13-16-53(30,8)54(25,9)18-31(55)61)75-49-41(77-48-38(67)36(65)34(63)28(20-57)74-48)39(68)40(42(78-49)45(69)70)76-47-37(66)35(64)33(62)27(19-56)73-47/h10-11,26-44,47-49,56-59,61-68H,12-22H2,1-9H3,(H,69,70)/b23-10+

描述信息

Aescin is a triterpenoid saponin.
escin Ib is a natural product found in Aesculus chinensis, Aesculus hippocastanum, and other organisms with data available.
See also: Horse Chestnut (part of).
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents
escin Ia is a natural product found in Aesculus chinensis and Aesculus hippocastanum with data available.
See also: Horse Chestnut (part of).
Escin, a natural compound of triterpenoid saponins isolated from horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) seeds, can be used as a vasoprotective anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-nociceptive agent[1].
Escin, a natural compound of triterpenoid saponins isolated from horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) seeds, can be used as a vasoprotective anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-nociceptive agent[1].
Escin IA is a triterpene saponin isolated from Aesculus hippocastanum, which inhibits HIV-1 protease with IC50 values of 35 μM. Escin IA has anti-TNBC metastasis activity, and its action mechanisms involved inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition process by down-regulating LOXL2 expression[1][2].
Escin IA is a triterpene saponin isolated from Aesculus hippocastanum, which inhibits HIV-1 protease with IC50 values of 35 μM. Escin IA has anti-TNBC metastasis activity, and its action mechanisms involved inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition process by down-regulating LOXL2 expression[1][2].
Escin IB is a saponin isolated from skin and the endosperm of seeds of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum). Escin IB shows inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase activity[1][2].
Escin IB is a saponin isolated from skin and the endosperm of seeds of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum). Escin IB shows inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase activity[1][2].
Escin IB is a saponin isolated from skin and the endosperm of seeds of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum). Escin IB shows inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase activity[1][2].

同义名列表

59 个代谢物同义名

β-d-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, [3β,16α,21β(Z),22α]-22-(acetyloxy)-16,24,28-trihydroxy-21-[(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl)oxy]olean-12-en-3-yl O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-; .BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDURONIC ACID, (3.BETA.,4.BETA.,16.ALPHA.,21.BETA.,22.ALPHA.)-22-(ACETYLOXY)-16,23,28-TRIHYDROXY-21-(((2Z)-2-METHYL-1-OXO-2-BUTEN-1-YL)OXY)OLEAN-12-EN-3-YL O-.BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1->2)-O-(.BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1->4))-; 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (3.beta.,4.beta.,16.alpha.,21.beta.,22.alpha.)-22-(acetyloxy)-3-[[O-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-O-[.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)]-.beta.-D-glucopyranuronosyl]oxy]-16,23,28-trihydroxyolean-12-en-21-yl ester, (2Z)-; beta-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDURONIC ACID, (3beta,4beta,16alpha,21beta,22alpha)-22-(ACETYLOXY)-16,23,28-TRIHYDROXY-21-(((2Z)-2-METHYL-1-OXO-2-BUTEN-1-YL)OXY)OLEAN-12-EN-3-YL O-beta-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1->2)-O-(beta-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1->4))-; beta-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, (3beta,16alpha,21beta(Z),22alpha)-22-(acetyloxy)-16,24,28-trihydroxy-21-((2-methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl)oxy)olean-12-en-3-yl O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.2)-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.4))-; ESCIN IB (CONSTITUENT OF HORSE CHESTNUT) [DSC]; ESCIN IB (CONSTITUENT OF HORSE CHESTNUT); ESCIN .BETA.-ESCIN [MI]; .BETA.-ESCIN [MI]; ESCIN beta-ESCIN; UNII-QYK0D6H79O; AESCIN IB(SH); Aescine (DCF); .BETA.-AESCIN; Reparil (TN); .beta.-Escin; beta-Aescin; alpha-Escin; beta Aescin; QYK0D6H79O; beta-ESCIN; escine Ib; Aescin IB; Flogencyl; escin-IIb; Aescin B; EscinI B; Escin IA; escin Ib; escin-Ib; Aescine; EscinIB; Aescin; Escin; 6-[[9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid; (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid; .BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDURONIC ACID, (3.BETA.,4.BETA.,16.ALPHA.,21.BETA.,22.ALPHA.)-22-(ACETYLOXY)-16,23,28-TRIHYDROXY-21-(((2E)-2-METHYL-1-OXO-2-BUTEN-1-YL)OXY)OLEAN-12-EN-3-YL O-.BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1->2)-O-(.BETA.-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1->4))-; 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (3.beta.,4.beta.,16.alpha.,21.beta.,22.alpha.)-22-(acetyloxy)-3-[[O-.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-O-[.beta.-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)]-.beta.-D-glucopyranuronosyl]oxy]-16,23,28-trihydroxyolean-12-en-21-yl ester, (2E)-; beta-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, (3beta,4beta,16alpha,21beta,22alpha)-22-(acetyloxy)-16,23,28-trihydroxy-21-(((2E)-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl)oxy)olean-12-en-3-yl o-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4))-; Escin ia (constituent of horse chestnut) [DSC]; Escin ia (constituent of horse chestnut); ESCIN .ALPHA.-ESCIN [MI]; Escin alpha-escin [MI]; ESCIN .ALPHA.-ESCIN; Escin IA;Aescin IA; Escin alpha-escin; UNII-LB5DJT9FIW; .ALPHA.-AESCIN; alpha-Aescusan; alpha-Reparil; .alpha.-Escin; alpha-Aescin; LB5DJT9FIW; AESCIN IA; Escine Ia; Aescin A; escin-Ia; (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid; Aescin



数据库引用编号

46 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

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代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

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在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 13 ANXA5, ATG5, BCL2, CASP3, CAT, ITPR3, MAPK14, MTOR, NR3C1, PTGS2, RHOA, STAT3, VEGFA
Peripheral membrane protein 5 ANXA5, ATG5, GORASP1, MTOR, PTGS2
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 5 BCL2, ITPR3, MTOR, PTGS2, RHOA
Nucleus 9 BCL2, CASP3, FOS, MAPK14, MTOR, NR3C1, RHOA, STAT3, VEGFA
autophagosome 1 ATG5
cytosol 12 ANXA5, ATG5, BCL2, CASP3, CAT, FOS, MAPK14, MTOR, NR3C1, PRKCQ, RHOA, STAT3
dendrite 1 MTOR
phagocytic vesicle 1 MTOR
centrosome 1 NR3C1
nucleoplasm 7 CASP3, FOS, ITPR3, MAPK14, MTOR, NR3C1, STAT3
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex 2 FOS, STAT3
Cell membrane 2 RHOA, TNF
Lipid-anchor 1 RHOA
Cytoplasmic side 3 GORASP1, MTOR, RHOA
Cleavage furrow 1 RHOA
lamellipodium 1 RHOA
ruffle membrane 1 RHOA
Multi-pass membrane protein 1 ITPR3
Golgi apparatus membrane 2 GORASP1, MTOR
Synapse 1 NR3C1
cell cortex 1 RHOA
cell junction 1 RHOA
cell surface 2 TNF, VEGFA
glutamatergic synapse 4 ATG5, CASP3, MAPK14, RHOA
Golgi apparatus 2 GORASP1, VEGFA
Golgi membrane 3 GORASP1, INS, MTOR
lysosomal membrane 1 MTOR
neuronal cell body 3 CASP3, ITPR3, TNF
postsynapse 2 ATG5, RHOA
sarcolemma 1 ANXA5
Lysosome 1 MTOR
endosome 1 RHOA
plasma membrane 5 ITPR3, PRKCQ, RHOA, STAT3, TNF
Membrane 8 ANXA5, ATG5, BCL2, CAT, ITPR3, MTOR, NR3C1, VEGFA
axon 1 ATG5
brush border 1 ITPR3
caveola 1 PTGS2
extracellular exosome 3 ANXA5, CAT, RHOA
Lysosome membrane 1 MTOR
endoplasmic reticulum 5 BCL2, FOS, ITPR3, PTGS2, VEGFA
extracellular space 4 IL6, INS, TNF, VEGFA
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse 1 ATG5
adherens junction 1 VEGFA
mitochondrion 4 BCL2, CAT, MAPK14, NR3C1
protein-containing complex 5 ATG5, BCL2, CAT, NR3C1, PTGS2
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 1 CAT
Microsome membrane 2 MTOR, PTGS2
postsynaptic density 1 CASP3
TORC1 complex 1 MTOR
TORC2 complex 1 MTOR
Secreted 3 IL6, INS, VEGFA
extracellular region 7 ANXA5, CAT, IL6, INS, MAPK14, TNF, VEGFA
cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane 1 RHOA
Mitochondrion outer membrane 2 BCL2, MTOR
Single-pass membrane protein 1 BCL2
mitochondrial outer membrane 2 BCL2, MTOR
mitochondrial matrix 2 CAT, NR3C1
transcription regulator complex 1 STAT3
centriolar satellite 1 PRKCQ
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome 1 NR3C1
Nucleus membrane 1 BCL2
Bcl-2 family protein complex 1 BCL2
nuclear membrane 1 BCL2
external side of plasma membrane 2 ANXA5, TNF
Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix 1 VEGFA
dendritic spine 1 RHOA
nucleolus 1 ITPR3
midbody 1 RHOA
apical part of cell 1 ITPR3
recycling endosome 1 TNF
Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 TNF
vesicle 1 RHOA
Cell projection, lamellipodium 1 RHOA
Membrane raft 1 TNF
pore complex 1 BCL2
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle 1 NR3C1
focal adhesion 3 ANXA5, CAT, RHOA
spindle 1 NR3C1
cis-Golgi network 1 GORASP1
extracellular matrix 1 VEGFA
Peroxisome 1 CAT
sarcoplasmic reticulum 1 ITPR3
Peroxisome matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal membrane 1 CAT
Nucleus, PML body 1 MTOR
PML body 1 MTOR
collagen-containing extracellular matrix 1 ANXA5
secretory granule 1 VEGFA
axoneme 1 ATG5
nuclear speck 2 MAPK14, NR3C1
Nucleus inner membrane 1 PTGS2
Nucleus outer membrane 1 PTGS2
nuclear inner membrane 1 PTGS2
nuclear outer membrane 2 ITPR3, PTGS2
receptor complex 1 ITPR3
Zymogen granule membrane 1 ANXA5
neuron projection 1 PTGS2
chromatin 3 FOS, NR3C1, STAT3
phagocytic cup 1 TNF
phagocytic vesicle membrane 1 ATG5
cell periphery 1 RHOA
Chromosome 1 NR3C1
cytoskeleton 1 RHOA
spindle pole 1 MAPK14
Cytoplasm, cell cortex 1 RHOA
nuclear envelope 1 MTOR
Endomembrane system 1 MTOR
endosome lumen 1 INS
Preautophagosomal structure membrane 1 ATG5
Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex 1 ATG5
mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane contact site 1 ATG5
phagophore assembly site membrane 1 ATG5
Nucleus, nucleoplasm 1 NR3C1
Cell projection, dendrite 1 RHOA
myelin sheath 1 BCL2
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen 2 CAT, MAPK14
secretory granule lumen 3 CAT, INS, MAPK14
secretory granule membrane 2 ITPR3, RHOA
Golgi lumen 1 INS
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 3 IL6, INS, PTGS2
nuclear matrix 1 FOS
platelet alpha granule lumen 1 VEGFA
transport vesicle 1 INS
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane 2 GORASP1, INS
immunological synapse 1 PRKCQ
aggresome 1 PRKCQ
Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network membrane 1 GORASP1
vesicle membrane 1 ANXA5
platelet dense tubular network membrane 1 ITPR3
protein-DNA complex 1 FOS
ficolin-1-rich granule membrane 1 RHOA
death-inducing signaling complex 1 CASP3
apical junction complex 1 RHOA
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle membrane 1 ITPR3
Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome 1 MTOR
[Isoform Alpha]: Cytoplasm 1 NR3C1
transferase complex 1 ATG5
transcription factor AP-1 complex 1 FOS
[Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted 1 TNF
transport vesicle membrane 1 ITPR3
catalase complex 1 CAT
[Isoform Beta]: Nucleus 1 NR3C1
[Isoform Alpha-B]: Nucleus 1 NR3C1
interleukin-6 receptor complex 1 IL6
endothelial microparticle 1 ANXA5
BAD-BCL-2 complex 1 BCL2
[N-VEGF]: Cytoplasm 1 VEGFA
[VEGFA]: Secreted 1 VEGFA
[Isoform L-VEGF189]: Endoplasmic reticulum 1 VEGFA
[Isoform VEGF121]: Secreted 1 VEGFA
[Isoform VEGF165]: Secreted 1 VEGFA
VEGF-A complex 1 VEGFA
cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane 1 ITPR3
phagophore 1 ATG5
[C-domain 2]: Secreted 1 TNF
[Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane 1 TNF
[C-domain 1]: Secreted 1 TNF


文献列表

  • Chandrashekhar Jori, Md Meraj Ansari, Anas Ahmad, Nemat Ali, Syed Shadab Raza, Rehan Khan. Biomaterial-based combinatorial approach of aescin-comprised zein-coated gelatin nanoparticles alleviates synovial inflammation in experimental inflammatory arthritis. Nanoscale. 2024 Apr; 16(16):7965-7975. doi: 10.1039/d3nr06476j. [PMID: 38567436]
  • Freddy Armando Peñaranda Figueredo, Josefina Vicente, Andrea Alejandra Barquero, Carlos Alberto Bueno. Aesculus hippocastanum extract and the main bioactive constituent β-escin as antivirals agents against coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Scientific reports. 2024 03; 14(1):6418. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-56759-y. [PMID: 38494515]
  • Yunyu Wang, Xiuwei Han, Xinhuan Wan, Fengjv Niu, Changzheng Zhou. β-Escin: An Updated Review of Its Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, and Toxicity. The American journal of Chinese medicine. 2023 Oct; ?(?):1-26. doi: 10.1142/s0192415x23500908. [PMID: 37865870]
  • Wei Sun, Qinggang Yin, Huihua Wan, Ranran Gao, Chao Xiong, Chong Xie, Xiangxiao Meng, Yaolei Mi, Xiaotong Wang, Caixia Wang, Weiqiang Chen, Ziyan Xie, Zheyong Xue, Hui Yao, Peng Sun, Xuehua Xie, Zhigang Hu, David R Nelson, Zhichao Xu, Xinxiao Sun, Shilin Chen. Characterization of the horse chestnut genome reveals the evolution of aescin and aesculin biosynthesis. Nature communications. 2023 Oct; 14(1):6470. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-42253-y. [PMID: 37833361]
  • Yuman Wang, Tianjiao Chu, Xianmei Pan, Yifei Bian, Jing Li. Escin ameliorates inflammation via inhibiting mechanical stretch and chemically induced Piezo1 activation in vascular endothelial cells. European journal of pharmacology. 2023 Aug; 956(?):175951. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175951. [PMID: 37541373]
  • Chenyuan Li, Ziqi He, Feng Yao, Shichong Liao, Kai Sun, Shengrong Sun, Zhiyu Li, Zhong Wang. Role of Escin in breast cancer therapy: potential mechanism for inducing ferroptosis and synergistic antitumor activity with cisplatin. Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death. 2023 May; ?(?):. doi: 10.1007/s10495-023-01849-x. [PMID: 37149513]
  • Hao Yu, Siru Yan, Meiyu Jin, Yunfei Wei, Lilei Zhao, Jiaqi Cheng, Lu Ding, Haihua Feng. Aescin can alleviate NAFLD through Keap1-Nrf2 by activating antioxidant and autophagy. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2023 May; 113(?):154746. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154746. [PMID: 36905866]
  • Philippe Savarino, Emmanuel Colson, Julien André, Pascal Gerbaux. Horse Chestnut Saponins-Escins, Isoescins, Transescins, and Desacylescins. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2023 Feb; 28(5):. doi: 10.3390/molecules28052087. [PMID: 36903330]
  • Sunnatullo Fazliev, Khurshid Tursunov, Jamoliddin Razzokov, Avez Sharipov. Escin's Multifaceted Therapeutic Profile in Treatment and Post-Treatment of Various Cancers: A Comprehensive Review. Biomolecules. 2023 Feb; 13(2):. doi: 10.3390/biom13020315. [PMID: 36830684]
  • Min Li, Shengguang Wang, Ce Zhang, Chenglin Chi, Rongxia Liu, Tian Wang, Fenghua Fu. Escin alleviates stress-induced intestinal dysfunction to protect brain injury by regulating the gut-brain axis in ischemic stroke rats. International immunopharmacology. 2023 Feb; 115(?):109659. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109659. [PMID: 36608442]
  • Min Li, Fang Wang, Ce Zhang, Min-An Li, Tian Wang, Yu-Chen Li, Feng-Hua Fu. Integrated systematic pharmacology analysis and experimental validation to reveal the mechanism of action of Semen aesculi on inflammatory bowel diseases. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2022 Nov; 298(?):115627. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115627. [PMID: 35985613]
  • I M Tucker, A Burley, R E Petkova, S L Hosking, J R P Webster, P X Li, K Ma, J Doutch, J Penfoldoo, R K Thomas. Self-assembly in escin-nonionic surfactant mixtures: From micelles to vesicles. Journal of colloid and interface science. 2022 Nov; 626(?):305-313. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.06.122. [PMID: 35792461]
  • Q-H Zhang, X-Y Cui, D Wang, Y Jin, Y-X Guan. Anti-obesity effect of escin: a study on high-fat diet-induced obese mice. European review for medical and pharmacological sciences. 2022 11; 26(21):7797-7812. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30129. [PMID: 36394728]
  • Mustafa Cengiz, Hatice Mehtap Kutlu, Betül Peker Cengiz, Adnan Ayhancı. Escin attenuates oxidative damage, apoptosis and lipid peroxidation in a model of cyclophosphamide-induced liver damage. Drug and chemical toxicology. 2022 May; 45(3):1180-1187. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1810262. [PMID: 32838567]
  • Peng Qiao, Baokun Zhang, Xueni Liu, Jie Xu, Xuehan Li. Effects of Escin on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of H9c2 Cells Induced by H2O2. Disease markers. 2022; 2022(?):7765353. doi: 10.1155/2022/7765353. [PMID: 35126791]
  • Yuqing Sun, Xin Zhang, Xiaofan Shen, Shuo Wang, Qi Wang, Xiuwei Yang. Computational and experimental characterization of isomers of escin-induced renal cytotoxicity by inhibiting heat shock proteins. European journal of pharmacology. 2021 Oct; 908(?):174372. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174372. [PMID: 34324856]
  • Shu Hu, Gianni Belcaro, Maria R Cesarone, Beatrice Feragalli, Roberto Cotellese, Mark Dugall, Claudia Scipione, Valeria Scipione, Claudia Maione, Giada Maramaldi, Stefano Togni, Antonella Riva. A sport cream (Harpago-Boswellia-ginger-escin) for localized neck/shoulder pain. Minerva medica. 2021 Apr; 112(2):255-260. doi: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.06819-6. [PMID: 32880419]
  • Ramsia Geisler, Martin Cramer Pedersen, Natalie Preisig, Yvonne Hannappel, Sylvain Prévost, Rajeev Dattani, Lise Arleth, Thomas Hellweg. Aescin - a natural soap for the formation of lipid nanodiscs with tunable size. Soft matter. 2021 Feb; 17(7):1888-1900. doi: 10.1039/d0sm02043e. [PMID: 33410858]
  • Sachin V Suryavanshi, Yogesh A Kulkarni. Attenuation of Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy by Escin in Diabetic Rats. Pharmacology. 2021; 106(3-4):211-217. doi: 10.1159/000509730. [PMID: 32877906]
  • Qian Zhang, Chen Zhao, Lei Zhang, Kai Sun, Linlin Yu, Xianming Wang, Lei Ren, Nan Zhang, Chengyu Chen, Ju Liu, Haimei Wang, Hu Tian. Escin Sodium Improves the Prognosis of Acute Pancreatitis via Promoting Cell Apoptosis by Suppression of the ERK/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2021; 2021(?):9921839. doi: 10.1155/2021/9921839. [PMID: 34422214]
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