Phenylethylamine (BioDeep_00000002896)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000405987, BioDeep_00000861605

human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Endogenous blood metabolite BioNovoGene_Lab2019


代谢物信息卡片


Phenethylamine, beta-(14)C-labeled CPD

化学式: C8H11N (121.0891)
中文名称: 苯乙胺, 2-苯乙胺, β-苯乙胺
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 24.96%

Reviewed

Last reviewed on 2024-07-16.

Cite this Page

Phenylethylamine. BioDeep Database v3. PANOMIX ltd, a top metabolomics service provider from China. https://query.biodeep.cn/s/phenylethylamine (retrieved 2024-12-22) (BioDeep RN: BioDeep_00000002896). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

分子结构信息

SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)CCN
InChI: InChI=1S/C8H11N/c9-7-6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-5H,6-7,9H2

描述信息

Phenylethylamine (PEA) is an aromatic amine, which is a colorless liquid at room temperature. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and ether. Similar to other low-molecular-weight amines, it has a fishy odor. Upon exposure to air, it forms a solid carbonate salt with carbon dioxide. Phenethylamine is strongly basic and forms a stable crystalline hydrochloride salt with a melting point of 217 °C. Phenethylamine is also a skin irritant and possible sensitizer. Phenethylamine also has a constitutional isomer (+)-phenylethylamine (1-phenylethylamine), which has two stereoisomers: (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamine and (S)-(-)-1-phenylethylamine. In the human brain, 2-phenethylamine is believed to function as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter (a trace amine). Phenethylamine can be biosynthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine by enzymatic decarboxylation. It is also found in many foods such as chocolate, especially after microbial fermentation. However trace amounts from food are quickly metabolized by the enzyme MAO-B (into phenylacetic acid), preventing significant concentrations from reaching the brain. Phenylethylamine is a precursor to the neurotransmitter phenylethanolamine. High levels of PEA have been found in the urine of schizophrenics but it is not significantly elevated in the serum or CSF of schizophrenics (PMID:7906896, PMID:7360842).¬† Urinary levels of PEA are significantly lower in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (PMID:12205654).¬† It has been found that PEA is the primary compound found in carnivore (especially cat) urine that leads to rodent (mouse and rat) avoidance. In other words, phenylethylamine is useful for scaring off rodent pests.¬† Quantitative HPLC analysis across 38 mammalian species has shown that PEA production in urine is especially enhanced in carnivores, with some producing >3,000-fold more than herbivores (PMID:21690383). Phenethylamine has been found to be a metabolite of Bacillus, Enterococcus and Lactobacillus (PMID:22953951; PMID:17307265; PMID:16630269).
Present in cooked cabbage, cheeses, sherry, wine, processed lean fish, cocoa, raw cauliflower, raw beetroot and raw radish. Flavouring ingredient

同义名列表

62 个代谢物同义名

Phenethylamine, beta-(14)C-labeled CPD; 2-Phenylethanamine (acd/name 4.0); 2-Phenylethylamine (acd/name 4.0); Phenethylamine, monolithium salt; Benzeneethanamine hydrochloride; 1-Phenyl-2-amino-athan (GERMAN); Phenethylamine, 15N-labeled CPD; 1-Phenyl-2-amino-athan [German]; beta-phenylaethylamin (german); beta-Phenylaethylamin [German]; 2-Phenylethylammonium chloride; Phenethylamine conjugate acid; Phenethylamine sulfate (2:1); Phenethylamine hydrochloride; b-phenylaethylamin (german); Phenethylamine hydrobromide; 2-Amino-fenylethan [Czech]; Phenethylamine perchlorate; (2-Aminoethyl)polystyrene; 2-Fenylethylamin [Czech]; Diphenethylamine sulfate; Phenethylamine mesylate; Phenethylamine tosylate; 2-amino-1-Phenylethane; 1-Phenyl-2-aminoethane; beta-Aminoethylbenzene; Phenethylamine sulfate; 1-Phenyl-2-amino-athan; 1-amino-2-Phenylethane; Omega-phenylethylamine; 2-phenylethan-1-amine; (2-Aminoethyl)benzene; beta-Phenylethylamine; beta-Phenylaethylamin; 2-Phenyl-ethanamine; b-Aminoethylbenzene; beta-Phenethylamine; Phenylethylamine(2); Β-aminoethylbenzene; beta Phenethylamine; b-Phenylethylamine; Β-phenylethylamine; b-Phenylaethylamin; 2-Phenylethylamine; 2-Phenylethanamine; 2-amino-Fenylethan; Benzeneethanamine; Polystyrene a-NH2; b-Phenethylamine; 2-Phenethylamine; 1-Phenethylamine; Phenylethylamine; 2-Fenylethylamin; Β-phenethylamine; Phenethylamine; 1Uto; 1TNJ; 1Utm; PEA; Phenethylamine; Phenylethylamine; Phenethylamine



数据库引用编号

36 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(9)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

99 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(97)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(1)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(1)

  • Phenylethylamine Metabolism: Adenosine triphosphate + Coenzyme A + Phenylacetic acid ⟶ Adenosine monophosphate + Phenylacetyl-CoA + Pyrophosphate

PharmGKB(0)

36 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 6 CAT, DBH, DDC, SLC6A3, TH, XDH
Peripheral membrane protein 1 ACHE
Endosome membrane 1 OCA2
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 2 OCA2, TAAR1
Mitochondrion membrane 1 MAOA
Nucleus 2 ACHE, TH
cytosol 5 CAT, DDC, MAOA, TH, XDH
dendrite 7 DRD2, GRM2, HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR2C, MAOB, TH
Cell membrane 11 ACHE, ADRB3, DRD2, GPRC5A, GRM2, GRM3, HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR2C, SLC6A3, TAAR1
Cytoplasmic side 2 MAOA, MAOB
Cell projection, axon 3 HTR2A, SLC6A3, TH
Multi-pass membrane protein 11 ADRB3, DRD2, GPRC5A, GRM2, GRM3, HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR2C, OCA2, SLC6A3, TAAR1
Golgi apparatus membrane 1 DRD2
Synapse 6 ACHE, DBH, DRD2, GRM2, HTR1A, HTR2C
cell surface 2 ACHE, SLC6A3
dendritic shaft 1 HTR2A
glutamatergic synapse 4 DRD2, GRM2, GRM3, HTR2A
Golgi apparatus 1 ACHE
Golgi membrane 2 DRD2, INS
lysosomal membrane 1 OCA2
neuromuscular junction 1 ACHE
neuronal cell body 3 HTR2A, MAOB, SLC6A3
presynaptic membrane 5 DRD2, GRM2, GRM3, HTR2A, SLC6A3
smooth endoplasmic reticulum 1 TH
synaptic vesicle 1 TH
Presynapse 1 HTR2A
acrosomal vesicle 1 DRD2
plasma membrane 11 ACHE, ADRB3, DRD2, GPRC5A, GRM2, GRM3, HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR2C, SLC6A3, TAAR1
synaptic vesicle membrane 1 DRD2
terminal bouton 1 TH
Membrane 8 ACHE, CAT, DBH, GRM2, GRM3, MAOA, OCA2, SLC6A3
axon 6 DRD2, GRM2, GRM3, HTR2A, SLC6A3, TH
caveola 1 HTR2A
extracellular exosome 3 CAT, DDC, GPRC5A
endoplasmic reticulum 1 DBH
extracellular space 4 ACHE, DBH, INS, XDH
perinuclear region of cytoplasm 2 ACHE, TH
mitochondrion 4 CAT, MAOA, MAOB, TH
protein-containing complex 1 CAT
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 3 CAT, DBH, GPRC5A
postsynaptic density 1 GRM3
Secreted 3 ACHE, DBH, INS
extracellular region 4 ACHE, CAT, DBH, INS
cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane 1 TH
Mitochondrion outer membrane 2 MAOA, MAOB
Single-pass membrane protein 1 MAOA
mitochondrial outer membrane 2 MAOA, MAOB
neuronal cell body membrane 1 SLC6A3
mitochondrial matrix 1 CAT
Extracellular side 1 ACHE
centriolar satellite 1 DBH
ciliary membrane 1 DRD2
dendritic spine 2 DRD2, GRM3
perikaryon 2 DRD2, TH
cytoplasmic vesicle 2 HTR2A, TH
nucleolus 1 GPRC5A
Melanosome membrane 2 OCA2, TH
Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 DBH
vesicle 1 GPRC5A
postsynaptic membrane 5 DRD2, GRM2, GRM3, HTR2A, SLC6A3
Cytoplasm, perinuclear region 1 TH
Membrane raft 1 SLC6A3
focal adhesion 1 CAT
GABA-ergic synapse 1 DRD2
flotillin complex 1 SLC6A3
Peroxisome 2 CAT, XDH
basement membrane 1 ACHE
sarcoplasmic reticulum 1 XDH
Peroxisome matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal membrane 1 CAT
lateral plasma membrane 1 DRD2
receptor complex 2 ADRB3, GPRC5A
Cell projection, neuron projection 1 SLC6A3
neuron projection 2 SLC6A3, TH
cilium 1 DRD2
non-motile cilium 1 DRD2
Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor 1 ACHE
sperm flagellum 1 DRD2
Endomembrane system 1 TAAR1
endosome lumen 1 INS
Membrane, caveola 1 HTR2A
Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane 1 GPRC5A
cell body fiber 1 HTR2A
Cell projection, dendrite 3 GRM2, HTR1A, HTR2A
side of membrane 1 ACHE
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen 1 CAT
secretory granule lumen 3 CAT, DBH, INS
secretory granule membrane 1 DBH
Golgi lumen 1 INS
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 1 INS
axon terminus 2 DRD2, SLC6A3
endocytic vesicle 1 DRD2
transport vesicle 1 INS
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane 1 INS
mitochondrial envelope 1 MAOB
Single-pass type IV membrane protein 2 MAOA, MAOB
neurofilament 1 HTR2A
synaptic cleft 1 ACHE
dopaminergic synapse 2 DRD2, SLC6A3
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle membrane 1 DBH
astrocyte projection 2 GRM2, GRM3
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, chromaffin granule lumen 1 DBH
chromaffin granule lumen 1 DBH
transport vesicle membrane 1 DBH
catalase complex 1 CAT
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle 1 TH
[Soluble dopamine beta-hydroxylase]: Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle lumen 1 DBH
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, chromaffin granule membrane 1 DBH
chromaffin granule membrane 1 DBH
G protein-coupled receptor complex 1 DRD2
[Isoform H]: Cell membrane 1 ACHE
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex 2 HTR2A, HTR2C


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