DL-Malic acid (BioDeep_00000001660)
Secondary id: BioDeep_00000001119, BioDeep_00000265206, BioDeep_00000400034, BioDeep_00000415844, BioDeep_00000860586
natural product human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Endogenous blood metabolite BioNovoGene_Lab2019 Volatile Flavor Compounds
代谢物信息卡片
2-Hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid
化学式: C4H6O5 (134.0215226)
中文名称: DL-苹果酸, L-苹果酸, 苹果酸, （2S）-2-羟基丁二酸
谱图信息:
最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 0.01%
Reviewed
Last reviewed on 2024-09-13.
Cite this Page
DL-Malic acid. BioDeep Database v3. PANOMIX ltd, a top metabolomics service provider from China.
https://query.biodeep.cn/s/dl-malic_acid (retrieved
2024-11-24) (BioDeep RN: BioDeep_00000001660). Licensed
under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
分子结构信息
SMILES: C(C(C(=O)O)O)C(=O)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H6O5/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2,5H,1H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)/t2-/m0/s1
描述信息
Malic acid (CAS: 6915-15-7) is a tart-tasting organic dicarboxylic acid that plays a role in many sour or tart foods. Apples contain malic acid, which contributes to the sourness of a green apple. Malic acid can make a wine taste tart, although the amount decreases with increasing fruit ripeness (Wikipedia). In its ionized form, malic acid is called malate. Malate is an intermediate of the TCA cycle along with fumarate. It can also be formed from pyruvate as one of the anaplerotic reactions. In humans, malic acid is both derived from food sources and synthesized in the body through the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle which takes place in the mitochondria. Malates importance to the production of energy in the body during both aerobic and anaerobic conditions is well established. Under aerobic conditions, the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate provides reducing equivalents to the mitochondria through the malate-aspartate redox shuttle. During anaerobic conditions, where a buildup of excess reducing equivalents inhibits glycolysis, malic acids simultaneous reduction to succinate and oxidation to oxaloacetate is capable of removing the accumulating reducing equivalents. This allows malic acid to reverse hypoxias inhibition of glycolysis and energy production. In studies on rats, it has been found that only tissue malate is depleted following exhaustive physical activity. Other key metabolites from the citric acid cycle needed for energy production were found to be unchanged. Because of this, a deficiency of malic acid has been hypothesized to be a major cause of physical exhaustion. Notably, the administration of malic acid to rats has been shown to elevate mitochondrial malate and increase mitochondrial respiration and energy production. Malic acid has been found to be a metabolite in Aspergillus (Hugo Vanden Bossche, D.W.R. Mackenzie and G. Cauwenbergh. Aspergillus and Aspergillosis, 1987).
Acidulant, antioxidant, flavouring agent, flavour enhancer. Not for use in baby foods (GRAS)
Malic acid. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=617-48-1 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 6915-15-7). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
(S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive.
(S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive.
Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that is naturally found in fruits such as apples and pears. It plays a role in many sour or tart foods.
Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that is naturally found in fruits such as apples and pears. It plays a role in many sour or tart foods.
同义名列表
71 个代谢物同义名
2-Hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid; (2S)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid; (S)-(-)-Hydroxysuccinic acid; (S)-Hydroxy-butanedioic acid; Monohydroxybutanedioic acid; L-2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid; (S)-Hydroxybutanedioic acid; (2S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid; S-2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid; (2S)-2-Hydroxybutanedioate; (S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid; alpha-Hydroxysuccinic acid; L-Hydroxybutanedioic acid; 2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid; (S)-(-)-Hydroxysuccinate; (-)-Hydroxysuccinic acid; (S)-Hydroxy-butanedioate; L-2-Hydroxybutanedioate; S-2-Hydroxybutanedioate; (S)-Hydroxybutanedioate; hydroxybutanedioic acid; L-Hydroxysuccinic acid; 2-Hydroxysuccinic acid; α-Hydroxysuccinic acid; L-Hydroxybutanedioate; (-)-Hydroxysuccinate; hydroxysuccinic acid; (-)-(S)-Malic acid; L-Hydroxysuccinate; Deoxytetraric acid; S-(-)-Malic acid; L-(-)-Malic acid; (-)-L-Malic acid; (2S)-Malic acid; (±)-Malic Acid; (-)-Malic acid; (S)-Malic acid; (-)-(S)-Malate; S-(-)-Malate; (-)-L-Malate; L-Apple acid; L-Malic acid; Malic acid; Apple acid; (S)-Malate; L-Malate; malate; 2-Hydroxyethane-1,2-dicarboxylate; 2S-hydroxy-butanedioic acid; a-Hydroxysuccinic acid; alpha-Hydroxysuccinate; 2-Hydroxybutanedioate; Musashi-no-Ringosan; Hydroxybutanedioate; a-Hydroxysuccinate; 2-Hydroxysuccinate; Hydroxysuccinate; R,S-Malic acid; Deoxytetrarate; DL-malic acid; R,SMalic acid; Pomalus acid; R,S-Malate; DL-Malate; R,SMalate; Malic acid; (S)-E 296; E 296; (2S)-2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid; (S)-Malate; Malic acid
数据库引用编号
35 个数据库交叉引用编号
- ChEBI: CHEBI:30797
- KEGG: C00149
- PubChem: 525
- HMDB: HMDB0000156
- Metlin: METLIN45931
- Metlin: METLIN118
- ChEMBL: CHEMBL1234046
- Wikipedia: Malic acid
- MetaCyc: MAL
- KNApSAcK: C00001192
- foodb: FDB012047
- chemspider: 193317
- CAS: 97-67-6
- MoNA: PS026307
- MoNA: KNA00529
- MoNA: KO001309
- MoNA: KO001306
- MoNA: KNA00527
- MoNA: KO001308
- MoNA: KO001307
- MoNA: PS026301
- MoNA: KO001305
- PMhub: MS000000935
- ChEBI: CHEBI:15589
- PDB-CCD: LMR
- 3DMET: B00042
- NIKKAJI: J74.430A
- RefMet: Malic acid
- medchemexpress: HY-Y1069
- medchemexpress: HY-Y1311
- CAS: 6915-15-7
- BioNovoGene_Lab2019: BioNovoGene_Lab2019-729
- BioNovoGene_Lab2019: BioNovoGene_Lab2019-64
- PubChem: 3449
- KNApSAcK: 15589
分类词条
相关代谢途径
Reactome(0)
PlantCyc(0)
代谢反应
548 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。
Reactome(24)
- Metabolism:
2MACA-CoA + CoA ⟶ Ac-CoA + PROP-CoA - The citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport:
ETF:FAD + FADH2 ⟶ ETF:FADH2 + FAD - Pyruvate metabolism and Citric Acid (TCA) cycle:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Pyruvate metabolism:
GSH + MGXL ⟶ (R)-S-LGSH - Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Metabolism:
2MACA-CoA + CoA ⟶ Ac-CoA + PROP-CoA - The citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport:
ETF:FAD + FADH2 ⟶ ETF:FADH2 + FAD - Pyruvate metabolism and Citric Acid (TCA) cycle:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Pyruvate metabolism:
GSH + MGXL ⟶ (R)-S-LGSH - Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Metabolism:
1-3-oxo-THA-CoA + CoA-SH ⟶ DHA-CoA + propionyl CoA - The citric acid (TCA) cycle and respiratory electron transport:
CoQ + ETF:FADH2 ⟶ ETF:FAD + ubiquinol - Pyruvate metabolism and Citric Acid (TCA) cycle:
CIT ⟶ ISCIT - Pyruvate metabolism:
GSH + MGXL ⟶ (R)-S-LGSH - Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle):
CIT ⟶ ISCIT - Carbohydrate metabolism:
D-glucuronate + H+ + TPNH ⟶ L-gulonate + TPN - Glucose metabolism:
D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + H2O ⟶ Fru(6)P + Pi - Gluconeogenesis:
D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + H2O ⟶ Fru(6)P + Pi - Carbohydrate metabolism:
D-glucuronate + H+ + TPNH ⟶ L-gulonate + TPN - Glucose metabolism:
D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + H2O ⟶ Fru(6)P + Pi - Gluconeogenesis:
D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + H2O ⟶ Fru(6)P + Pi - Carbohydrate metabolism:
D-glucuronate + H+ + TPNH ⟶ L-gulonate + TPN - Glucose metabolism:
ADP + Glc ⟶ AMP + G6P - Gluconeogenesis:
D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + H2O ⟶ Fru(6)P + Pi
BioCyc(4)
- gluconeogenesis:
NAD+ + malate ⟶ CO2 + NADH + pyruvate - glyoxylate cycle:
H2O + cis-aconitate ⟶ isocitrate - aspartate degradation:
α-ketoglutarate + L-aspartate ⟶ L-glutamate + oxaloacetate - TCA cycle, aerobic respiration:
H2O + cis-aconitate ⟶ isocitrate
WikiPathways(5)
- Metabolism overview:
NH3 ⟶ Glutamic acid - TCA cycle (Krebs cycle):
citrate ⟶ isocitrate - TCA cycle (aka Krebs or citric acid cycle):
cis-aconitate ⟶ citrate - TCA cycle in senescence:
Malate ⟶ Pyruvate - NAD metabolism in oncogene-induced senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction-associated senescence:
OAA ⟶ Malate
Plant Reactome(405)
- Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
ISCIT + NAD ⟶ 2OG + H+ + NADH + carbon dioxide - TCA cycle (plant):
ISCIT + NAD ⟶ 2OG + H+ + NADH + carbon dioxide - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
CIT ⟶ ISCIT - TCA cycle (plant):
CIT ⟶ ISCIT - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
CIT ⟶ ISCIT - TCA cycle (plant):
CIT ⟶ ISCIT - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Glutamate synthase cycle:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
L-Glu + imidazole acetol-phosphate ⟶ 2OG + L-histidinol-phosphate - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
ISCIT + NAD ⟶ 2OG + H+ + NADH + carbon dioxide - TCA cycle (plant):
ISCIT + NAD ⟶ 2OG + H+ + NADH + carbon dioxide - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
L-Glu + imidazole acetol-phosphate ⟶ 2OG + L-histidinol-phosphate - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Glutamate synthase cycle:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
CIT ⟶ ISCIT - TCA cycle (plant):
CIT ⟶ ISCIT - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
L-Glu + imidazole acetol-phosphate ⟶ 2OG + L-histidinol-phosphate - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
CoA + NAD + methylmalonate-semialdehyde ⟶ NADH + PROP-CoA + carbon dioxide - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
FAD + PROP-CoA ⟶ FADH2 + acryloyl-CoA - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Metabolism and regulation:
L-Glu + imidazole acetol-phosphate ⟶ 2OG + L-histidinol-phosphate - Generation of precursor metabolites and energy:
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - TCA cycle (plant):
Ac-CoA + H2O + OAA ⟶ CIT + CoA - Inorganic nutrients metabolism:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi - Glutamate synthase cycle:
ATP + L-Glu + ammonia ⟶ ADP + L-Gln + Pi
INOH(6)
- NAD+ + (S)-Malic acid = NADH + Pyruvic acid + CO2 ( Pyruvate metabolism ):
CO2 + NADH + Pyruvic acid ⟶ (S)-Malic acid + NAD+ - NAD+ + (S)-Malic acid = NADH + Pyruvic acid + CO2 ( Pyruvate metabolism ):
CO2 + NADH + Pyruvic acid ⟶ (S)-Malic acid + NAD+ - Pyruvate metabolism ( Pyruvate metabolism ):
ATP + Acetic acid + CoA ⟶ AMP + Acetyl-CoA + Pyrophosphate - Citrate cycle ( Citrate cycle ):
H2O + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ Isocitric acid - NAD+ + (S)-Malic acid = NADH + Oxaloacetic acid ( Citrate cycle ):
(S)-Malic acid + NAD+ ⟶ NADH + Oxaloacetic acid - (S)-Malic acid = Fumaric acid + H2O ( Tyrosine metabolism ):
Fumaric acid + H2O ⟶ (S)-Malic acid
PlantCyc(0)
COVID-19 Disease Map(0)
PathBank(104)
- Pyruvate Metabolism:
Acetic acid + Coenzyme A ⟶ Acetyl-CoA + Water - Leigh Syndrome:
Acetic acid + Coenzyme A ⟶ Acetyl-CoA + Water - Pyruvate Decarboxylase E1 Component Deficiency (PDHE1 Deficiency):
Acetic acid + Coenzyme A ⟶ Acetyl-CoA + Water - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency:
Acetic acid + Coenzyme A ⟶ Acetyl-CoA + Water - Transfer of Acetyl Groups into Mitochondria:
D-Glucose ⟶ Pyruvic acid - Primary Hyperoxaluria II, PH2:
Acetic acid + Coenzyme A ⟶ Acetyl-CoA + Water - Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency:
Acetic acid + Coenzyme A ⟶ Acetyl-CoA + Water - Gluconeogenesis from L-Malic Acid:
Adenosine monophosphate + Hydrogen Ion + Phosphate + Phosphoenolpyruvic acid ⟶ Adenosine triphosphate + Pyruvic acid + Water - Glutaminolysis and Cancer:
L-Glutamine ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - Pyruvate Metabolism:
2-Isopropylmalic acid + Coenzyme A ⟶ -Ketoisovaleric acid + Acetyl-CoA + Water - Gluconeogenesis from L-Malic Acid:
Adenosine monophosphate + Hydrogen Ion + Phosphate + Phosphoenolpyruvic acid ⟶ Adenosine triphosphate + Pyruvic acid + Water - TCA Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Pyruvate Metabolism:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Transfer of Acetyl Groups into Mitochondria:
D-Glucose ⟶ Pyruvic acid - Leigh Syndrome:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Pyruvate Decarboxylase E1 Component Deficiency (PDHE1 Deficiency):
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Primary Hyperoxaluria II, PH2:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Pyruvate Metabolism:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Transfer of Acetyl Groups into Mitochondria:
L-Malic acid + NAD ⟶ Hydrogen Ion + NADH + Oxalacetic acid - Pyruvate Metabolism:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Transfer of Acetyl Groups into Mitochondria:
L-Malic acid + NAD ⟶ Hydrogen Ion + NADH + Oxalacetic acid - Pyruvate Metabolism:
Acetic acid + Coenzyme A ⟶ Acetyl-CoA + Water - Transfer of Acetyl Groups into Mitochondria:
L-Malic acid + NAD ⟶ Hydrogen Ion + NADH + Oxalacetic acid - Pyruvate Metabolism:
Acetic acid + Coenzyme A ⟶ Acetyl-CoA + Water - Transfer of Acetyl Groups into Mitochondria:
L-Malic acid + NAD ⟶ Hydrogen Ion + NADH + Oxalacetic acid - Glutaminolysis and Cancer:
L-Glutamine ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - Glutaminolysis and Cancer:
L-Glutamine ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - Leigh Syndrome:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Pyruvate Decarboxylase E1 Component Deficiency (PDHE1 Deficiency):
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Primary Hyperoxaluria II, PH2:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency:
Acetaldehyde + NAD + Water ⟶ Acetic acid + Hydrogen Ion + NADH - Glycolate and Glyoxylate Degradation:
Allantoin ⟶ (S)-(+)-allantoin - Secondary Metabolites: Glyoxylate Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Glycolate and Glyoxylate Degradation II:
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ Isocitric acid - Glyoxylate Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Glycolate and Glyoxylate Degradation:
Allantoin ⟶ (S)-(+)-allantoin - Secondary Metabolites: Glyoxylate Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Glycolate and Glyoxylate Degradation II:
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ Isocitric acid - Citric Acid Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Congenital Lactic Acidosis:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Fumarase Deficiency:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Mitochondrial Complex II Deficiency:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - 2-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (E3):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (E2):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Warburg Effect:
L-Glutamic acid + NAD + Water ⟶ Ammonia + NADH + Oxoglutaric acid - TCA Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-2):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-3):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-4):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-5):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-6):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-7):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-8):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-9):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-10):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA cycle (ubiquinol-0):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - The Oncogenic Action of 2-Hydroxyglutarate:
L-Glutamine + Water ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - The Oncogenic Action of Succinate:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - The Oncogenic Action of Fumarate:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Aspartate Metabolism:
L-Glutamic acid + Oxalacetic acid ⟶ L-Aspartic acid + Oxoglutaric acid - TCA Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - The Oncogenic Action of L-2-Hydroxyglutarate in Hydroxyglutaric aciduria:
L-Glutamine + Water ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - The Oncogenic Action of D-2-Hydroxyglutarate in Hydroxyglutaric aciduria:
L-Glutamine + Water ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - Aspartate Metabolism:
L-Glutamic acid + Oxalacetic acid ⟶ L-Aspartic acid + Oxoglutaric acid - Citric Acid Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Congenital Lactic Acidosis:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Fumarase Deficiency:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Mitochondrial Complex II Deficiency:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - 2-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (E3):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (E2):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Warburg Effect:
L-Glutamic acid + NAD + Water ⟶ Ammonia + NADH + Oxoglutaric acid - Citric Acid Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Warburg Effect:
L-Glutamine + Water ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - Citric Acid Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Warburg Effect:
L-Glutamine + Water ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - Citric Acid Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Warburg Effect:
L-Glutamine + Water ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - Citric Acid Cycle:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Warburg Effect:
L-Glutamine + Water ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - The Oncogenic Action of 2-Hydroxyglutarate:
L-Glutamine + Water ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - The Oncogenic Action of 2-Hydroxyglutarate:
L-Glutamine + Water ⟶ Ammonia + L-Glutamic acid - Congenital Lactic Acidosis:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Fumarase Deficiency:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Mitochondrial Complex II Deficiency:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - 2-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency:
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (E3):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency (E2):
Citric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - Citrate Cycle:
Isocitric acid ⟶ Water + cis-Aconitic acid - TCA Cycle:
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-2):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-3):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-4):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-5):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-6):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-7):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-8):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-9):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-10):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid - TCA Cycle (Ubiquinol-0):
Water + cis-Aconitic acid ⟶ D-threo-Isocitric acid
PharmGKB(0)
25 个相关的物种来源信息
- 25641 - Aloe: -
- 4668 - Amaryllidaceae:
- 36622 - Chaenomeles Sinensis (Thouin) Koehne: -
- 16906 - Cornus Officinalis Sieb. Et Zucc.: -
- 510735 - Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.: -
- 510735 - Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var.major N.E.Br.: -
- 205937 - Crinum asiaticum:
- 223245 - Crinum asiaticum var. sinicum:
- 4414 - Euryale ferox Salisb.: -
- 1157045 - Galanthus alpinus var. alpinus:
- 82232 - Galanthus elwesii: 10.1007/BF00567346
- 4670 - Galanthus nivalis:
- 197699 - Galanthus woronowii:
- 9606 - Homo sapiens: -
- 80369 - Imperata cylindrica Beauv var. major(Nees) C.E.Hubb.: -
- 54835 - Leucojum aestivum: 10.1248/CPB.43.318
- 108053 - Lycoris sanguinea: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)89030-5
- 1695117 - Narcissus confusus:
- 54860 - Narcissus tazetta: 10.1016/0031-9422(94)00827-G
- 4054 - Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.: -
- 33090 - Plants: -
- 83819 - Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc.: -
- 46147 - Portulaca oleracea L.: -
- 167572 - Stemona tuberosa Lour.: -
- 326968 - Ziziphus jujuba Mill.: -
在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：
- PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
- NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
- Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
- Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。
点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。
文献列表
- Minghui Liu, Bili Cao, Jin-Wei Wei, Biao Gong. Redesigning a S-nitrosylated pyruvate-dependent GABA transaminase 1 to generate high-malate and saline-alkali-tolerant tomato.
The New phytologist.
2024 Jun; 242(5):2148-2162. doi:
10.1111/nph.19693. [PMID: 38501546] - Gabriela Haist, Boriana Sidjimova, Elina Yankova-Tsvetkova, Milena Nikolova, Rumen Denev, Ivanka Semerdjieva, Jaume Bastida, Strahil Berkov. Metabolite profiling and histochemical localization of alkaloids in Hippeastrum papilio (Ravena) van Scheepen.
Journal of plant physiology.
2024 May; 296(?):154223. doi:
10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154223. [PMID: 38507926] - Shangguang Du, Jun Luo, Xutang Tu, Zuozuo Ai, Dong Wu, Zhengrong Zou, Liping Luo. Metabolic profiling of Oryza sativa seedlings under chilling stress using nanoliter electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
Food chemistry.
2024 Apr; 438(?):138005. doi:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138005. [PMID: 37983997] - Mingming Sun, Qi Feng, Qi Yan, Huifang Zhao, Haiyan Wang, Shuai Zhang, Changliang Shan, Shuangping Liu, Jiyan Wang, Hongyan Zhai. Malate, a natural inhibitor of 6PGD, improves the efficacy of chemotherapy in lung cancer.
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands).
2024 Apr; 190(?):107541. doi:
10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107541. [PMID: 38531154] - Yu-Lei Jia, Ying Zhang, Lu-Wei Xu, Zi-Xu Zhang, Ying-Shuang Xu, Wang Ma, Yang Gu, Xiao-Man Sun. Enhanced fatty acid storage combined with the multi-factor optimization of fermentation for high-level production of docosahexaenoic acid in Schizochytrium sp.
Bioresource technology.
2024 Apr; 398(?):130532. doi:
10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130532. [PMID: 38447618] - Ye Miao, Xuan Hu, Linjie Wang, Rainer Schultze-Kraft, Wenqiang Wang, Zhijian Chen. Characterization of SgALMT genes reveals the function of SgALMT2 in conferring aluminum tolerance in Stylosanthes guianensis through the mediation of malate exudation.
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB.
2024 Mar; 208(?):108535. doi:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108535. [PMID: 38503187] - Jiaojiao Xue, Jianqing Su, Xueyan Wang, Rui Zhang, Xiaoli Li, Ying Li, Yi Ding, Xiuling Chu. Eco-Friendly and Efficient Extraction of Polysaccharides from Acanthopanax senticosus by Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
2024 Feb; 29(5):. doi:
10.3390/molecules29050942. [PMID: 38474454] - Chase P Donnelly, Alexandra De Sousa, Bart Cuypers, Kris Laukens, Asma A Al-Huqail, Han Asard, Gerrit T S Beemster, Hamada AbdElgawad. Malate production, sugar metabolism, and redox homeostasis in the leaf growth zone of Rye (Secale cereale) increase stress tolerance to aluminum stress: A biochemical and genome-wide transcriptional study.
Journal of hazardous materials.
2024 02; 464(?):132956. doi:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132956. [PMID: 37976853] - Harinderbir Kaur, Jean-Marie Teulon, Christian Godon, Thierry Desnos, Shu-Wen W Chen, Jean-Luc Pellequer. Correlation between plant cell wall stiffening and root extension arrest phenotype in the combined abiotic stress of Fe and Al.
Plant, cell & environment.
2024 Feb; 47(2):574-584. doi:
10.1111/pce.14744. [PMID: 37876357] - Shuying Gu, Taju Wu, Junqi Zhao, Tao Sun, Zhen Zhao, Lu Zhang, Jingen Li, Chaoguang Tian. Rewiring metabolic flux to simultaneously improve malate production and eliminate by-product succinate accumulation by Myceliophthora thermophila.
Microbial biotechnology.
2024 Jan; ?(?):e14410. doi:
10.1111/1751-7915.14410. [PMID: 38298109] - Anthony J Zmuda, Xiaojun Kang, Katie B Wissbroecker, Katrina Freund Saxhaug, Kyle C Costa, Adrian D Hegeman, Thomas D Niehaus. A universal metabolite repair enzyme removes a strong inhibitor of the TCA cycle.
Nature communications.
2024 Jan; 15(1):846. doi:
10.1038/s41467-024-45134-0. [PMID: 38287013] - Rodolfo A Maniero, Cristiana Picco, Anja Hartmann, Felipe Engelberger, Antonella Gradogna, Joachim Scholz-Starke, Michael Melzer, Georg Künze, Armando Carpaneto, Nicolaus von Wirén, Ricardo F H Giehl. Ferric reduction by a CYBDOM protein counteracts increased iron availability in root meristems induced by phosphorus deficiency.
Nature communications.
2024 Jan; 15(1):422. doi:
10.1038/s41467-023-43912-w. [PMID: 38212310] - Shafeeq Ur Rahman, Jing-Cheng Han, Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Nadeem Ashraf, Muhammad Athar Khaliq, Maryam Yousaf, Yuchen Wang, Ghulam Yasin, Muhammad Farrakh Nawaz, Khalid Ali Khan, Zhenjie Du. Aluminum phytotoxicity in acidic environments: A comprehensive review of plant tolerance and adaptation strategies.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.
2024 Jan; 269(?):115791. doi:
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115791. [PMID: 38070417] - M A Aldubayan, A S Alsharidah, S K Alenezi, A H Alhowail. Galantamine mitigates neurotoxicity caused by doxorubicin via reduced neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rat model.
European review for medical and pharmacological sciences.
2024 Jan; 28(2):805-813. doi:
10.26355/eurrev_202401_35081. [PMID: 38305623] - Ayhan Kocaman. Combined interactions of amino acids and organic acids in heavy metal binding in plants.
Plant signaling & behavior.
2023 12; 18(1):2064072. doi:
10.1080/15592324.2022.2064072. [PMID: 35491815] - Maria Manzoor, Muhammad Shafiq, Iram Gul, Usman Rauf Kamboh, Dong-Xing Guan, Abdulrahman Ali Alazba, Sven Tomforde, Muhammad Arshad. Enhanced lead phytoextraction and soil health restoration through exogenous supply of organic ligands: Geochemical modeling".
Journal of environmental management.
2023 Dec; 348(?):119435. doi:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119435. [PMID: 37890401] - Yoko Yamaga-Hatakeyama, Masamitsu Okutani, Yuto Hatakeyama, Takayuki Yabiku, Tomohisa Yukawa, Osamu Ueno. Photosynthesis and leaf structure of F1 hybrids between Cymbidium ensifolium (C3) and C. bicolor subsp. pubescens (CAM).
Annals of botany.
2023 11; 132(4):895-907. doi:
10.1093/aob/mcac157. [PMID: 36579478] - Xin Zhang, Weijie Xue, Lin Qi, Changbo Zhang, Changrong Wang, Yongchun Huang, Yanting Wang, Liangcai Peng, Zhongqi Liu. Malic acid inhibits accumulation of cadmium, lead, nickel and chromium by down-regulation of OsCESA and up-regulation of OsGLR3 in rice plant.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987).
2023 Nov; ?(?):122934. doi:
10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122934. [PMID: 37967709] - Pan Pan, Huizhan Liu, Ang Liu, Xinchun Zhang, Qingmian Chen, Guihua Wang, Beibei Liu, Qinfen Li, Mei Lei. Rhizosphere environmental factors regulated the cadmium adsorption by vermicompost: Influence of pH and low-molecular-weight organic acids.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.
2023 Nov; 266(?):115593. doi:
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115593. [PMID: 37856985] - Qiqi Zhang, Shilong Tian, Genyun Chen, Qiming Tang, Yijing Zhang, Andrew J Fleming, Xin-Guang Zhu, Peng Wang. Regulatory NADH dehydrogenase-like complex optimizes C4 photosynthetic carbon flow and cellular redox in maize.
The New phytologist.
2023 Oct; ?(?):. doi:
10.1111/nph.19332. [PMID: 37872738] - Alberto Burgos-Edwards, Sophia Miño, Nélida Nina, Cecilia Plaza, Fabiana Daza, Cristina Theoduloz, Hernán Paillán, Basilio Carrasco, Mónica Gajardo, Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann. Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and α-Glucosidase Inhibition of Boiled Green Beans and Leaves from Chilean Phaseolus vulgaris.
Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands).
2023 Oct; ?(?):. doi:
10.1007/s11130-023-01111-4. [PMID: 37812277] - Ayca Cimen, Yavuz Baba, Arzu Birinci Yildirim, Arzu Ucar Turker. Do Vermicompost Applications Improve Growth Performance, Pharmaceutically Important Alkaloids, Phenolic Content, Free Radical Scavenging Potency and Defense Enzyme Activities in Summer Snowflake (Leucojum aestivum L.)?.
Chemistry & biodiversity.
2023 Oct; ?(?):e202301074. doi:
10.1002/cbdv.202301074. [PMID: 37779102] - Wenli Shi, Wenxin Han, Yijing Liao, Jiaqi Wen, Guowen Zhang. Inhibition mechanism of fisetin on acetylcholinesterase and its synergistic effect with galantamine.
Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.
2023 Sep; 305(?):123452. doi:
10.1016/j.saa.2023.123452. [PMID: 37769468] - Valentino Casolo, Marco Zancani, Elisa Pellegrini, Antonio Filippi, Sara Gargiulo, Dennis Konnerup, Piero Morandini, Ole Pedersen. Restricted O2 consumption in pea roots induced by hexanoic acid is linked to depletion of Krebs cycle substrates.
Physiologia plantarum.
2023 Sep; 175(5):e14024. doi:
10.1111/ppl.14024. [PMID: 37882315] - Natalia Oleinik, Onder Albayram, Mohamed Faisal Kassir, F Cansu Atilgan, Chase Walton, Eda Karakaya, John Kurtz, Alexander Alekseyenko, Habeeb Alsudani, Megan Sheridan, Zdzislaw M Szulc, Besim Ogretmen. Alterations of lipid-mediated mitophagy result in aging-dependent sensorimotor defects.
Aging cell.
2023 Aug; ?(?):e13954. doi:
10.1111/acel.13954. [PMID: 37614052] - Da Guo, Peng Liu, Qianwen Liu, Lihua Zheng, Sikai Liu, Chen Shen, Li Liu, Shasha Fan, Nan Li, Jiangli Dong, Tao Wang. Legume-specific SnRK1 promotes malate supply to bacteroids for symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
Molecular plant.
2023 Aug; ?(?):. doi:
10.1016/j.molp.2023.08.009. [PMID: 37598296] - Kashif Saeed, Fatiha Kalam Nisa, Muna Ali Abdalla, Karl Hermann Mühling. The Interplay of Sulfur and Selenium Enabling Variations in Micronutrient Accumulation in Red Spinach.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2023 Aug; 24(16):. doi:
10.3390/ijms241612766. [PMID: 37628947] - Deepika Kandoi, Baishnab C Tripathy. Overexpression of chloroplastic Zea mays NADP-malic enzyme (ZmNADP-ME) confers tolerance to salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Photosynthesis research.
2023 Aug; ?(?):. doi:
10.1007/s11120-023-01041-x. [PMID: 37561272] - Meiyi Yang, Junxing Song, Xu Zhang, Ruitao Lu, Azheng Wang, Rui Zhai, Zhigang Wang, Chengquan Yang, Lingfei Xu. PbWRKY26 positively regulates malate accumulation in pear fruit by activating PbMDH3.
Journal of plant physiology.
2023 Aug; 288(?):154061. doi:
10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154061. [PMID: 37562312] - Enrico Martinoia, Ekkehard Neuhaus. A complex network regulating malate contents during fruit ripening in climacteric fruits.
The New phytologist.
2023 08; 239(3):821-823. doi:
10.1111/nph.18962. [PMID: 37203357] - Litong Zheng, Liao Liao, Chenbo Duan, Wenfang Ma, Yunjing Peng, Yangyang Yuan, Yuepeng Han, Fengwang Ma, Mingjun Li, Baiquan Ma. Allelic variation of MdMYB123 controls malic acid content by regulating MdMa1 and MdMa11 expression in apple.
Plant physiology.
2023 07; 192(3):1877-1891. doi:
10.1093/plphys/kiad111. [PMID: 36810940] - Ahmed Alabd, Haiyan Cheng, Mudassar Ahmad, Xinyue Wu, Lin Peng, Lu Wang, Shulin Yang, Songling Bai, Junbei Ni, Yuanwen Teng. ABRE-BINDING FACTOR3-WRKY DNA-BINDING PROTEIN44 module promotes salinity-induced malate accumulation in pear.
Plant physiology.
2023 07; 192(3):1982-1996. doi:
10.1093/plphys/kiad168. [PMID: 36932703] - Valéria F Lima, Francisco Bruno S Freire, Silvio A Cândido-Sobrinho, Nicole P Porto, David B Medeiros, Alexander Erban, Joachim Kopka, Markus Schwarzländer, Alisdair R Fernie, Danilo M Daloso. Unveiling the dark side of guard cell metabolism.
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB.
2023 Jun; 201(?):107862. doi:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107862. [PMID: 37413941] - Mengmeng Zhou, Guanqi Wang, Ruoyu Bai, Huiping Zhao, Zhongyuan Ge, Haitao Shi. The self-association of cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase 1 promotes malate biosynthesis and confers disease resistance in cassava.
Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB.
2023 Jun; 201(?):107814. doi:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107814. [PMID: 37321041] - Dongpu Lin, Xuzixin Zhou, Huan Zhao, Xiaoguang Tao, Sanmiao Yu, Xiaopeng Zhang, Yaoqiang Zang, Lingli Peng, Li Yang, Shuyue Deng, Xiyan Li, Xinjing Mao, Aiping Luan, Junhu He, Jun Ma. The Synergistic Mechanism of Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism between the Green and White Tissues of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus Chimeric Leaves.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2023 May; 24(11):. doi:
10.3390/ijms24119238. [PMID: 37298190] - Yunjing Peng, Yangyang Yuan, Wenjing Chang, Litong Zheng, Wenfang Ma, Hang Ren, Peipei Liu, Lingcheng Zhu, Jing Su, Fengwang Ma, Mingjun Li, Baiquan Ma. Transcriptional repression of MdMa1 by MdMYB21 in Ma Locus decreases malic acid content in apple fruit.
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.
2023 May; ?(?):. doi:
10.1111/tpj.16314. [PMID: 37219375] - Bei-Ling Fu, Wen-Qiu Wang, Xiang Li, Tong-Hui Qi, Qiu-Fang Shen, Kun-Feng Li, Xiao-Fen Liu, Shao-Jia Li, Andrew C Allan, Xue-Ren Yin. A dramatic decline in fruit citrate induced by mutagenesis of a NAC transcription factor, AcNAC1.
Plant biotechnology journal.
2023 May; ?(?):. doi:
10.1111/pbi.14070. [PMID: 37161940] - Sławomir Dresler, Maciej Strzemski, Izabela Baczewska, Mateusz Koselski, Mohammad Bagher Hassanpouraghdam, Dariusz Szczepanek, Ireneusz Sowa, Magdalena Wójciak, Agnieszka Hanaka. Extraction of Isoflavones, Alpha-Hydroxy Acids, and Allantoin from Soybean Leaves-Optimization by a Mixture Design of the Experimental Method.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
2023 May; 28(9):. doi:
10.3390/molecules28093963. [PMID: 37175385] - Xin Tang, Fengzhu Ling, Jianxin Zhao, Haiqin Chen, Wei Chen. Overexpression of Citrate-Malate Carrier Promoted Lipid Accumulation in Oleaginous Filamentous Fungus Mortierella alpina.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.
2023 May; ?(?):. doi:
10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01577. [PMID: 37155830] - Joanna Szablińska-Piernik, Lesław Bernard Lahuta. Polar Metabolites Profiling of Wheat Shoots (Triticum aestivum L.) under Repeated Short-Term Soil Drought and Rewatering.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2023 May; 24(9):. doi:
10.3390/ijms24098429. [PMID: 37176136] - Kouadio Kra Norbert Bini, Koffi Christophe Kobenan, Malanno Kouakou, Ibrahime Sinan Kouadio, Gokhan Zengin, József Jekő, Zoltán Cziáky, Mathias Danho, Ochou Germain Ochou. Phytochemical profiling, antioxidant activities, enzymatic activities and insecticidal potential of aqueous extracts of four plants on the larvae of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), the main pest of cotton plant in Ivory Coast.
Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology.
2023 Apr; ?(?):e22017. doi:
10.1002/arch.22017. [PMID: 37185885] - Karuna Sharma, Rupam Kapoor. Arbuscular mycorrhiza differentially adjusts central carbon metabolism in two contrasting genotypes of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek in response to salt stress.
Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology.
2023 Apr; 332(?):111706. doi:
10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111706. [PMID: 37054921] - Abir U Igamberdiev, Natalia V Bykova. Mitochondria in photosynthetic cells: Coordinating redox control and energy balance.
Plant physiology.
2023 04; 191(4):2104-2119. doi:
10.1093/plphys/kiac541. [PMID: 36440979] - Tong Jiang, Kaitong Du, Jipeng Xie, Geng Sun, Pei Wang, Xi Chen, Zhiyan Cao, Baichen Wang, Qing Chao, Xiangdong Li, Zaifeng Fan, Tao Zhou. Activated malate circulation contributes to the manifestation of light-dependent mosaic symptoms.
Cell reports.
2023 Apr; 42(4):112333. doi:
10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112333. [PMID: 37018076] - Rupa Sanyal, Manokari M, Sharmila Pandey, Saheli Nandi, Protha Biswas, Saikat Dewanjee, Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan, Niraj Kumar Jha, Saurabh Kumar Jha, Nirmal Joshee, Devendra Kumar Pandey, Abhijit Dey, Mahipal S Shekhawat. Biotechnological interventions and production of galanthamine in Crinum spp.
Applied microbiology and biotechnology.
2023 Apr; 107(7-8):2155-2167. doi:
10.1007/s00253-023-12444-0. [PMID: 36922438] - Antoine Guiguet, Nathaniel B McCartney, Kadeem J Gilbert, John F Tooker, Andrew R Deans, Jared G Ali, Heather M Hines. Extreme acidity in a cynipid gall: a potential new defensive strategy against natural enemies.
Biology letters.
2023 03; 19(3):20220513. doi:
10.1098/rsbl.2022.0513. [PMID: 36855854] - Meng Tang, Chaohan Li, Cheng Zhang, Youming Cai, Yongchun Zhang, Liuyan Yang, Moxian Chen, Fuyuan Zhu, Qingzhu Li, Kehu Li. SWATH-MS-Based Proteomics Reveals the Regulatory Metabolism of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids in Three Lycoris Species.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2023 Feb; 24(5):. doi:
10.3390/ijms24054495. [PMID: 36901927] - Yawen Lin, Wanting Chen, Qiang Yang, Yajing Zhang, Xiangqing Ma, Ming Li. Genome-Wide Characterization and Gene Expression Analyses of Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH) Genes in Low-Phosphorus Stress Tolerance of Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata).
International journal of molecular sciences.
2023 Feb; 24(5):. doi:
10.3390/ijms24054414. [PMID: 36901845] - Gabriela Haist, Boriana Sidjimova, Vladimir Vladimirov, Liliya Georgieva, Milena Nikolova, Jaume Bastida, Strahil Berkov. Morphological, cariological, and phytochemical studies of diploid and autotetraploid Hippeastrum papilio plants.
Planta.
2023 Feb; 257(3):51. doi:
10.1007/s00425-023-04084-5. [PMID: 36757512] - Jia-Hui Wang, Kai-Di Gu, Quan-Yan Zhang, Jian-Qiang Yu, Chu-Kun Wang, Chun-Xiang You, Lailiang Cheng, Da-Gang Hu. Ethylene inhibits malate accumulation in apple by transcriptional repression of aluminum-activated malate transporter 9 via the WRKY31-ERF72 network.
The New phytologist.
2023 Feb; ?(?):. doi:
10.1111/nph.18795. [PMID: 36747049] - John A Raven, Mitchell Andrews. Photon costs of shoot and root NO3-, and root NH4+, assimilation in terrestrial vascular plants considering associated pH regulation, osmotic and ontogenetic effects.
Photosynthesis research.
2023 Feb; 155(2):127-137. doi:
10.1007/s11120-022-00975-y. [PMID: 36418758] - Meenakshee Shrivas, Dignesh Khunt, Meera Shrivas, Manju Misra. Studies on pomegranate seed oil enriched galantamine hydrobromide microemulsion: formulation, in vitro antioxidant and neuroprotective potential.
Pharmaceutical development and technology.
2023 Feb; 28(2):153-163. doi:
10.1080/10837450.2023.2171433. [PMID: 36662596] - Julia Stadler, Manja Vogel, Robin Steudtner, Björn Drobot, Anna L Kogiomtzidis, Martin Weiss, Clemens Walther. The chemical journey of Europium(III) through winter rye (Secale cereale L.) - Understanding through mass spectrometry and chemical microscopy.
Chemosphere.
2023 Feb; 313(?):137252. doi:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137252. [PMID: 36403807] - Weiqiang Li, Yaru Sun, Kun Li, Hongtao Tian, Jiangtao Jia, Hongyu Zhang, Yaping Wang, Hong Wang, Baodi Bi, Jinggong Guo, Lam-Son Phan Tran, Yuchen Miao. Sinapate Esters Mediate UV-B-Induced Stomatal Closure by Regulating Nitric Oxide, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Malate Accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Plant & cell physiology.
2023 Jan; 63(12):1890-1899. doi:
10.1093/pcp/pcac059. [PMID: 35475535] - Luciane B Silva, Elenilze F B Ferreira, Maryam, José M Espejo-Román, Glauber V Costa, Josiane V Cruz, Njogu M Kimani, Josivan S Costa, José A H M Bittencourt, Jorddy N Cruz, Joaquín M Campos, Cleydson B R Santos. Galantamine Based Novel Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme Inhibitors: A Molecular Modeling Design Approach.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
2023 Jan; 28(3):. doi:
10.3390/molecules28031035. [PMID: 36770702] - Chunmei Zhang, Yanqiu Geng, Hanxiao Liu, Mengjia Wu, Jingxin Bi, Zhongtang Wang, Xiaochang Dong, Xingang Li. Low-acidity ALUMINUM-DEPENDENT MALATE TRANSPORTER4 genotype determines malate content in cultivated jujube.
Plant physiology.
2023 01; 191(1):414-427. doi:
10.1093/plphys/kiac491. [PMID: 36271866] - Shengtian Lai, Hongqing Wang, Jianbo Liu, Hongjie Shao, Ruoyun Chen, Ruiming Xu, Jie Kang. Nine geranylgeranylated derivatives isolated from the roots of Rhus chinensis Mill.
Phytochemistry.
2023 Jan; 205(?):113514. doi:
10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113514. [PMID: 36379319] - Ping Wang, Shixiong Lu, Xuejing Cao, Zonghuan Ma, Baihong Chen, Juan Mao. Physiological and transcriptome analyses of the effects of excessive water deficit on malic acid accumulation in apple.
Tree physiology.
2022 Dec; ?(?):. doi:
10.1093/treephys/tpac149. [PMID: 36579825] - Tongtong Liu, Suren Deng, Cheng Zhang, Xu Yang, Lei Shi, Fangsen Xu, Sheliang Wang, Chuang Wang. Brassinosteroid signaling regulates phosphate starvation-induced malate secretion in plants.
Journal of integrative plant biology.
2022 Dec; ?(?):. doi:
10.1111/jipb.13443. [PMID: 36579777] - Afsaneh Mousavi, Latifeh Pourakbar, Sina Siavash Moghaddam. Effects of malic acid and EDTA on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) exposed to cadmium stress.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.
2022 Dec; 248(?):114320. doi:
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114320. [PMID: 36423373] - Agriana Rosmalina Hidayati, Melinda, Hilkatul Ilmi, Takaya Sakura, Miako Sakaguchi, Junko Ohmori, Endah Dwi Hartuti, Lidya Tumewu, Daniel Ken Inaoka, Mulyadi Tanjung, Eri Yoshida, Fuyuki Tokumasu, Kiyoshi Kita, Mihoko Mori, Kazuyuki Dobashi, Tomoyoshi Nozaki, Din Syafruddin, Achmad Fuad Hafid, Danang Waluyo, Aty Widyawaruyanti. Effect of geranylated dihydrochalcone from Artocarpus altilis leaves extract on Plasmodium falciparum ultrastructural changes and mitochondrial malate: Quinone oxidoreductase.
International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance.
2022 Dec; 21(?):40-50. doi:
10.1016/j.ijpddr.2022.12.001. [PMID: 36565667] - Rumyana Simeonova, Mariyana Atanasova, Georgi Stavrakov, Irena Philipova, Irini Doytchinova. Ex Vivo Antioxidant and Cholinesterase Inhibiting Effects of a Novel Galantamine-Curcumin Hybrid on Scopolamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in Mice.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2022 Nov; 23(23):. doi:
10.3390/ijms232314843. [PMID: 36499171] - Zhujun Gao, Chongtao Ge, Robert C Baker, Rohan V Tikekar, Robert L Buchanan. Enhancement of Thermal Inactivation of Cronobacter sakazakii in Apple Juice at 58°C by Inclusion of Butyl Para-Hydroxybenzoate and Malic Acid.
Journal of food protection.
2022 11; 85(11):1515-1521. doi:
10.4315/jfp-22-039. [PMID: 35960953] - Yoshiharu Mimata, Shintaro Munemasa, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Yoshiyuki Murata. Extracellular malate induces stomatal closure via direct activation of guard-cell anion channel SLAC1 and stimulation of Ca2+ signalling.
The New phytologist.
2022 Nov; 236(3):852-863. doi:
10.1111/nph.18400. [PMID: 35879859] - María Pilar de Torre, Rita Yolanda Cavero, María Isabel Calvo. Anticholinesterase Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants from Navarra Region of Spain and a Detailed Phytochemical Investigation of Origanum vulgare L. ssp. vulgare.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
2022 Oct; 27(20):. doi:
10.3390/molecules27207100. [PMID: 36296692] - Yoshiharu Mimata, Shintaro Munemasa, Fahmida Akter, Israt Jahan, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Yoshiyuki Murata. Malate induces stomatal closure via a receptor-like kinase GHR1- and reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry.
2022 Sep; 86(10):1362-1367. doi:
10.1093/bbb/zbac122. [PMID: 35867880] - Cheng Liu, Li-Ning Wang, Yu-Ming Liu. Novel Morpholine-Bearing Quinoline Derivatives as Potential Cholinesterase Inhibitors: The Influence of Amine, Carbon Linkers and Phenylamino Groups.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2022 Sep; 23(19):. doi:
10.3390/ijms231911231. [PMID: 36232533] - Ion Brinza, Mohamed A El Raey, Walaa El-Kashak, Omayma A Eldahshan, Lucian Hritcu. Sweroside Ameliorated Memory Deficits in Scopolamine-Induced Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Model: Involvement of Cholinergic System and Brain Oxidative Stress.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
2022 Sep; 27(18):. doi:
10.3390/molecules27185901. [PMID: 36144637] - Agata Ptak, Emilia Morańska, Marzena Warchoł, Artur Gurgul, Edyta Skrzypek, Michał Dziurka, Dominique Laurain-Mattar, Rosella Spina, Anita Jaglarz, Magdalena Simlat. Endophytic bacteria from in vitro culture of Leucojum aestivum L. a new source of galanthamine and elicitor of alkaloid biosynthesis.
Scientific reports.
2022 08; 12(1):13700. doi:
10.1038/s41598-022-17992-5. [PMID: 35953692] - Thitipon Yaowaluk, Vorapun Senanarong, Chanin Limwongse, Rasda Boonprasert, Duangkamon Bunditvorapoom, Supannee Kaewsutthi, Pornpimol Kijsanayotin. Association study identifies genetic determinants and non-genetic factors on steady-state plasma and therapeutic outcome of galantamine in mixed dementia.
European journal of clinical pharmacology.
2022 Aug; 78(8):1249-1259. doi:
10.1007/s00228-022-03322-1. [PMID: 35633386] - Manoj Koirala, Vahid Karimzadegan, Nuwan Sameera Liyanage, Natacha Mérindol, Isabel Desgagné-Penix. Biotechnological Approaches to Optimize the Production of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids.
Biomolecules.
2022 06; 12(7):. doi:
10.3390/biom12070893. [PMID: 35883449] - Dena Parsa, Luul A Aden, Ashley Pitzer, Tan Ding, Chang Yu, Andre Diedrich, Ginger L Milne, Annet Kirabo, Cyndya A Shibao. Enhanced parasympathetic cholinergic activity with galantamine inhibited lipid-induced oxidative stress in obese African Americans.
Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.).
2022 06; 28(1):60. doi:
10.1186/s10020-022-00486-5. [PMID: 35659521] - Lyubomir T Vezenkov, Dancho L Danalev, Iwan Iwanov, Valentin Lozanov, Atanas Atanasov, Rumyana Todorova, Nikolay Vassilev, Veronika Karadjova. Synthesis and biological study of new galanthamine-peptide derivatives designed for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Amino acids.
2022 Jun; 54(6):897-910. doi:
10.1007/s00726-022-03167-z. [PMID: 35562605] - Mariyana Atanasova, Ivan Dimitrov, Stefan Ivanov, Borislav Georgiev, Strahil Berkov, Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova, Irini Doytchinova. Virtual Screening and Hit Selection of Natural Compounds as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
2022 May; 27(10):. doi:
10.3390/molecules27103139. [PMID: 35630613] - B Bharathiraja, J Jayamuthunagai, R Sreejith, J Iyyappan, R Praveenkumar. Techno economic analysis of malic acid production using crude glycerol derived from waste cooking oil.
Bioresource technology.
2022 May; 351(?):126956. doi:
10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126956. [PMID: 35272039] - Ousmane Dao, Franziska Kuhnert, Andreas P M Weber, Gilles Peltier, Yonghua Li-Beisson. Physiological functions of malate shuttles in plants and algae.
Trends in plant science.
2022 05; 27(5):488-501. doi:
10.1016/j.tplants.2021.11.007. [PMID: 34848143] - Chien-Ting Liu, Chuan-Chi Yang, Wu-Chien Chien, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Chien-Sung Tsai, Yi-Ting Tsai, Chih-Yuan Lin, Yi-Chang Lin, Yi-Shi Chen, Nian-Sheng Tzeng. Association between long-term usage of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and lung cancer in the elderly: a nationwide cohort study.
Scientific reports.
2022 03; 12(1):3531. doi:
10.1038/s41598-022-06377-3. [PMID: 35241672] - Nam Kyu Kang, Jae Won Lee, Donald R Ort, Yong-Su Jin. L-malic acid production from xylose by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Biotechnology journal.
2022 Mar; 17(3):e2000431. doi:
10.1002/biot.202000431. [PMID: 34390209] - Lello Zolla, Marcello Ceci. Plasma Metabolomics Profile of "Insulin Sensitive" Male Hypogonadism after Testosterone Replacement Therapy.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2022 Feb; 23(3):. doi:
10.3390/ijms23031916. [PMID: 35163837] - Fangcheng Fan, Hua Liu, Xiaojie Shi, Yangwen Ai, Qingshan Liu, Yong Cheng. The Efficacy and Safety of Alzheimer's Disease Therapies: An Updated Umbrella Review.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.
2022; 85(3):1195-1204. doi:
10.3233/jad-215423. [PMID: 34924395] - Ziyi Qin, Shuangshuang Chen, Jing Feng, Huijie Chen, Xiangyu Qi, Huadi Wang, Yanming Deng. Identification of aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMT) family genes in hydrangea and functional characterization of HmALMT5/9/11 under aluminum stress.
PeerJ.
2022; 10(?):e13620. doi:
10.7717/peerj.13620. [PMID: 35769137] - Chun Pong Lee, Marlene Elsässer, Philippe Fuchs, Ricarda Fenske, Markus Schwarzländer, A Harvey Millar. The versatility of plant organic acid metabolism in leaves is underpinned by mitochondrial malate-citrate exchange.
The Plant cell.
2021 12; 33(12):3700-3720. doi:
10.1093/plcell/koab223. [PMID: 34498076] - Mònica Bulló, Christopher Papandreou, Jesus García-Gavilán, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Jun Li, Marta Guasch-Ferré, Estefanía Toledo, Clary Clish, Dolores Corella, Ramon Estruch, Emilio Ros, Montserrat Fitó, Chih-Hao Lee, Kerry Pierce, Cristina Razquin, Fernando Arós, Lluís Serra-Majem, Liming Liang, Miguel A Martínez-González, Frank B Hu, Jordi Salas-Salvadó. Tricarboxylic acid cycle related-metabolites and risk of atrial fibrillation and heart failure.
Metabolism: clinical and experimental.
2021 12; 125(?):154915. doi:
10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154915. [PMID: 34678258] - Nicholas J Booth, Penelope M C Smith, Sunita A Ramesh, David A Day. Malate Transport and Metabolism in Nitrogen-Fixing Legume Nodules.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland).
2021 Nov; 26(22):. doi:
10.3390/molecules26226876. [PMID: 34833968] - Wanting Chen, Mengyan Zhou, Mingzhen Zhao, Ranhong Chen, Mulualem Tigabu, Pengfei Wu, Ming Li, Xiangqing Ma. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into the root response of Chinese fir to phosphorus deficiency.
BMC plant biology.
2021 Nov; 21(1):525. doi:
10.1186/s12870-021-03245-6. [PMID: 34758730] - Valéria F Lima, Alexander Erban, André G Daubermann, Francisco Bruno S Freire, Nicole P Porto, Silvio A Cândido-Sobrinho, David B Medeiros, Markus Schwarzländer, Alisdair R Fernie, Leticia Dos Anjos, Joachim Kopka, Danilo M Daloso. Establishment of a GC-MS-based 13 C-positional isotopomer approach suitable for investigating metabolic fluxes in plant primary metabolism.
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology.
2021 11; 108(4):1213-1233. doi:
10.1111/tpj.15484. [PMID: 34486764] - Guangjie Liang, Pei Zhou, Jiaxin Lu, Hui Liu, Yanli Qi, Cong Gao, Liang Guo, Guipeng Hu, Xiulai Chen, Liming Liu. Dynamic regulation of membrane integrity to enhance l-malate stress tolerance in Candida glabrata.
Biotechnology and bioengineering.
2021 11; 118(11):4347-4359. doi:
10.1002/bit.27903. [PMID: 34302701] - Rong Wang, Yantong Liu, Sheng Xu, Jie Li, Jiayu Zhou, Ren Wang. An ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter, LaABCB11, Contributes to Alkaloid Transport in Lycoris aurea.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2021 Oct; 22(21):. doi:
10.3390/ijms222111458. [PMID: 34768889] - Srobana Sarkar, Madhu Mohini, Amit Sharma, Hujaz Tariq, Ravi Prakash Pal. Effect of supplementing Leucaena leucocephala leaves alone or in conjunction with malic acid on nutrient utilization, performance traits, and enteric methane emission in crossbred calves under tropical conditions.
Tropical animal health and production.
2021 Oct; 53(5):514. doi:
10.1007/s11250-021-02941-7. [PMID: 34643791] - Thi Bich Huong Duong, Prattana Ketbot, Paripok Phitsuwan, Rattiya Waeonukul, Chakrit Tachaapaikoon, Akihiko Kosugi, Khanok Ratanakhanokchai, Patthra Pason. Bioconversion of Untreated Corn Hull into L-Malic Acid by Trifunctional Xylanolytic Enzyme from Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6 and Acetobacter tropicalis H-1.
Journal of microbiology and biotechnology.
2021 Sep; 31(9):1262-1271. doi:
10.4014/jmb.2105.05044. [PMID: 34261852] - Qionghou Li, Xin Qiao, Luting Jia, Yuxin Zhang, Shaoling Zhang. Transcriptome and Resequencing Analyses Provide Insight into Differences in Organic Acid Accumulation in Two Pear Varieties.
International journal of molecular sciences.
2021 Sep; 22(17):. doi:
10.3390/ijms22179622. [PMID: 34502530] - Liao Liao, Weihan Zhang, Bo Zhang, Ting Fang, Xiao-Fei Wang, Yaming Cai, Collins Ogutu, Lei Gao, Gang Chen, Xiaoqing Nie, Jinsheng Xu, Quanyan Zhang, Yiran Ren, Jianqiang Yu, Chukun Wang, Cecilia H Deng, Baiquan Ma, Beibei Zheng, Chun-Xiang You, Da-Gang Hu, Richard Espley, Kui Lin-Wang, Jia-Long Yao, Andrew C Allan, Awais Khan, Schuyler S Korban, Zhangjun Fei, Ray Ming, Yu-Jin Hao, Li Li, Yuepeng Han. Unraveling a genetic roadmap for improved taste in the domesticated apple.
Molecular plant.
2021 09; 14(9):1454-1471. doi:
10.1016/j.molp.2021.05.018. [PMID: 34022440] - Qing-Jiang Wei, Qiao-Li Ma, Gao-Feng Zhou, Xiao Liu, Zhang-Zheng Ma, Qing-Qing Gu. Identification of genes associated with soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation in 'Huapi' kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) via transcriptome analysis.
Journal of the science of food and agriculture.
2021 Aug; 101(10):4321-4331. doi:
10.1002/jsfa.11072. [PMID: 33417244] - Mahmoud Agami, Rasha A Shaalan, Saied F Belal, Marwa A A Ragab. LC-MS bioanalysis of targeted nasal galantamine bound chitosan nanoparticles in rats' brain homogenate and plasma.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry.
2021 Aug; 413(20):5181-5191. doi:
10.1007/s00216-021-03487-1. [PMID: 34173038] - Ari Dienel, Remya A Veettil, Kanako Matsumura, Jude P J Savarraj, H Alex Choi, Peeyush Kumar T, Jaroslaw Aronowski, Pramod Dash, Spiros L Blackburn, Devin W McBride. α7-Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling Reduces Neuroinflammation After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice.
Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics.
2021 07; 18(3):1891-1904. doi:
10.1007/s13311-021-01052-3. [PMID: 33970466] - Yao Zhang, Qing Liu, Pengcheng Li, Yanxia Wang, Shaoqi Li, Meng Gao, Yuanda Song. Enhanced lipid production by addition of malic acid in fermentation of recombinant Mucor circinelloides Mc-MT-2.
Scientific reports.
2021 06; 11(1):12674. doi:
10.1038/s41598-021-92324-7. [PMID: 34135458] - N Mota-Martorell, M Jové, R Berdún, R Pamplona. Plasma methionine metabolic profile is associated with longevity in mammals.
Communications biology.
2021 06; 4(1):725. doi:
10.1038/s42003-021-02254-3. [PMID: 34117367] - Lamia Said Kandil, Ragwa M Farid, Safaa S ElGamal, Amira Sayed Hanafy. Intranasal galantamine/chitosan complex nanoparticles elicit neuroprotection potentials in rat brains via antioxidant effect.
Drug development and industrial pharmacy.
2021 May; 47(5):735-740. doi:
10.1080/03639045.2021.1934861. [PMID: 34032549] - Shikha Lohan, Teenu Sharma, Sumant Saini, Rajan Swami, Dinesh Dhull, Sarwar Beg, Kaisar Raza, Anil Kumar, Bhupinder Singh. QbD-steered development of mixed nanomicelles of galantamine: Demonstration of enhanced brain uptake, prolonged systemic retention and improved biopharmaceutical attributes.
International journal of pharmaceutics.
2021 May; 600(?):120482. doi:
10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120482. [PMID: 33737096]