Diltiazem (BioDeep_00000001460)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000397795

human metabolite blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs


代谢物信息卡片


Acetic acid (2S,3S)-5-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-benzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl ester

化学式: C22H26N2O4S (414.16131960000007)
中文名称: 地尔硫卓
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 50%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC(=O)OC1C(SC2=CC=CC=C2N(C1=O)CCN(C)C)C3=CC=C(C=C3)OC
InChI: InChI=1S/C22H26N2O4S/c1-15(25)28-20-21(16-9-11-17(27-4)12-10-16)29-19-8-6-5-7-18(19)24(22(20)26)14-13-23(2)3/h5-12,20-21H,13-14H2,1-4H3

描述信息

Diltiazem is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of the calcium ion in membrane functions. It is also teratogenic. [PubChem]Possibly by deforming the channel, inhibiting ion-control gating mechanisms, and/or interfering with the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, diltiazem, like verapamil, inhibits the influx of extracellular calcium across both the myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cell membranes. The resultant inhibition of the contractile processes of the myocardial smooth muscle cells leads to dilation of the coronary and systemic arteries and improved oxygen delivery to the myocardial tissue.
C - Cardiovascular system > C08 - Calcium channel blockers > C08D - Selective calcium channel blockers with direct cardiac effects > C08DB - Benzothiazepine derivatives
C - Cardiovascular system > C05 - Vasoprotectives > C05A - Agents for treatment of hemorrhoids and anal fissures for topical use > C05AE - Muscle relaxants
C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent > C333 - Calcium Channel Blocker
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014665 - Vasodilator Agents
D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents
D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators
C93038 - Cation Channel Blocker

同义名列表

27 个代谢物同义名

Acetic acid (2S,3S)-5-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-benzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl ester; (+)-cis-5-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one acetic acid ester; Acetate (2S,3S)-5-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl)-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-benzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl ester; (+)-cis-5-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one acetate ester; (2S,3S)-5-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl acetic acid; (2S,3S)-5-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzo[b][1,4]thiazepin-3-yl acetate; (2S,3S)-5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate; (2S-cis)-3-(Acetyloxy)-5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,3-dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one; Biovail brand OF diltiazem hydrochloride; Watson pharmaceuticals brand OF diltazem; diltiazem hydrochloride; Diltiazem malate; D-cis-Diltiazem; Diltiazemum; 34933-06-7; Dilacor XR; Diltiazem; Cardizem; CRD-401; Surazem; Dilacor; CRD 401; Aldizem; Tiazac; Dilren; Dilzem; Cardil



数据库引用编号

24 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

1 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Ting Wang, Ruoan Jiang, Yingsha Yao, Ting Xu, Na Li. Anti-hypertensive therapy for preeclampsia: a network meta-analysis and systematic review. Hypertension in pregnancy. 2024 Dec; 43(1):2329068. doi: 10.1080/10641955.2024.2329068. [PMID: 38488570]
  • Sudipta Mukherjee, Jasmina Khanam. Exploring the Effectiveness of Carboxymethylated and Crosslinked Albizia procera Gum in Diltiazem Hydrochloride Matrix Tablets: A Comparative Analysis. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2024 May; 72(5):454-470. doi: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00652. [PMID: 38644216]
  • Jie Liu, Xuyang Shang, Bingyi Yao, Yuanjin Zhang, Shengbo Huang, Yuanqing Guo, Xin Wang. Design and construction of Carboxylesterase 2c Gene knockout Rats by CRISPR/Cas9. Current drug metabolism. 2023 Jan; ?(?):. doi: 10.2174/1389200224666230123140919. [PMID: 36694315]
  • Yue Yang, Ke Feng, Yuting Lei, Li Qiu, Chengjiang Liu, Guofeng Li. Comparing the efficacy and safety of different analgesic strategies after open hemorrhoidectomy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. International journal of colorectal disease. 2023 Jan; 38(1):4. doi: 10.1007/s00384-022-04294-5. [PMID: 36609578]
  • Ya-Hui Yuan, Rong Yuan, Yu Miao, Ya Wang, Peng-Qi Li, Jia-Qi Hui, Yu-Fan Pan, Zi-Han Li, Qi-Qi Xin, Wei-Hong Cong. [Effect and mechanism of Huangqi Shengmai Decoction in treatment of joint rat model of fatigue and myocardial injury]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2022 Oct; 47(19):5292-5298. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220325.702. [PMID: 36472036]
  • S R Vaibavi, Manoj Sivasubramaniapandian, Rahul Vaippully, Privita Edwina, Basudev Roy, Saumendra Kumar Bajpai. Calcium-channel-blockers exhibit divergent regulation of cancer extravasation through the mechanical properties of cancer cells and underlying vascular endothelial cells. Cell biochemistry and biophysics. 2022 Mar; 80(1):171-190. doi: 10.1007/s12013-021-01035-3. [PMID: 34643835]
  • Ebrahim Lari, S Rebekah Burket, Dylan Steinkey, Bryan W Brooks, Greg G Pyle. Interaction of the Olfactory System of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with Diltiazem. Environmental toxicology and chemistry. 2022 03; 41(3):544-550. doi: 10.1002/etc.4854. [PMID: 33463738]
  • Min-Hui Tan, Seow-Yeing Yee, Rosnawati Yahya. Lessons of the month 2: A case of inappropriate drug-drug interaction in kidney transplant. Clinical medicine (London, England). 2022 03; 22(2):169-171. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2021-0789. [PMID: 35304379]
  • Xinxin Wang, Jie Luo, Zhiyuan Wen, Lei Shuai, Chong Wang, Gongxun Zhong, Xijun He, Huizhen Cao, Renqiang Liu, Jinying Ge, Ronghong Hua, Ziruo Sun, Xijun Wang, Jinliang Wang, Zhigao Bu. Diltiazem inhibits SARS-CoV-2 cell attachment and internalization and decreases the viral infection in mouse lung. PLoS pathogens. 2022 02; 18(2):e1010343. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010343. [PMID: 35176124]
  • Jie Liu, Xuyang Shang, Shengbo Huang, Yuan Xu, Jian Lu, Yuanjin Zhang, Zongjun Liu, Xin Wang. Construction and Characterization of CRISPR/Cas9 Knockout Rat Model of Carboxylesterase 2a Gene. Molecular pharmacology. 2021 11; 100(5):480-490. doi: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000357. [PMID: 34503976]
  • X Peng, D-F Peng, S-Y Tang. Effect of diltiazem on exercise tolerance in patients with stable coronary artery disease and hypertension. Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society. 2021 Aug; 72(4):. doi: 10.26402/jpp.2021.4.07. [PMID: 34987129]
  • Malik Nadeem Azam, Khalid Mehmood Raja, Abdur Rehman Arshad, Faryal Riaz Khan, Abdul Wahab Mir, Taleah Tahir, Batool Butt, Anum Khan. The Comparison Of Efficacy Between Losartan And Diltiazem As Antiproteinuric Agent In Non-Diabetic Renal Diseases. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC. 2021 Jul; 33(3):492-495. doi: NULL. [PMID: 34487664]
  • Qi Huang, Wen Ting Wang, Shi Sheng Wang, De An Pei, Xiang Qian Sui. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance image analysis and mechanism study for the changes after treatments for primary microvascular angina pectoris. Medicine. 2021 May; 100(21):e26038. doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000026038. [PMID: 34032727]
  • Mark J Henderson, Kathleen A Trychta, Shyh-Ming Yang, Susanne Bäck, Adam Yasgar, Emily S Wires, Carina Danchik, Xiaokang Yan, Hideaki Yano, Lei Shi, Kuo-Jen Wu, Amy Q Wang, Dingyin Tao, Gergely Zahoránszky-Kőhalmi, Xin Hu, Xin Xu, David Maloney, Alexey V Zakharov, Ganesha Rai, Fumihiko Urano, Mikko Airavaara, Oksana Gavrilova, Ajit Jadhav, Yun Wang, Anton Simeonov, Brandon K Harvey. A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome. Cell reports. 2021 04; 35(4):109040. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109040. [PMID: 33910017]
  • Ning Li, Shujuan He, Chunlan Li, Fatang Yang, Yuming Dong. Sensitive Analysis of Metoprolol Tartrate and Diltiazem Hydrochloride in Human Serum by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Combining on Column Field-Amplified Sample Injection. Journal of chromatographic science. 2021 Apr; 59(5):465-472. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab025. [PMID: 33675354]
  • Abhijit R Lodha, Ashwin Pillai, Kaushik Sheth, Jagdish Hiremath. A retrospective cohort study exploring diltiazem as a pharmaco-enhancer for tacrolimus, in a post-heart transplant setting. Clinical transplantation. 2020 12; 34(12):e14100. doi: 10.1111/ctr.14100. [PMID: 32981136]
  • Yuzhou Gui, Youli Lu, Shuijun Li, Mengqi Zhang, Xiaokun Duan, Charles C Liu, Jingying Jia, Gangyi Liu. Direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry for rapid quantification of five anti-arrhythmic drugs in human serum: application to therapeutic drug monitoring. Scientific reports. 2020 09; 10(1):15550. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72490-w. [PMID: 32968164]
  • Andrés Pizzorno, Blandine Padey, Thomas Julien, Sophie Trouillet-Assant, Aurélien Traversier, Elisabeth Errazuriz-Cerda, Julien Fouret, Julia Dubois, Alexandre Gaymard, François-Xavier Lescure, Victoria Dulière, Pauline Brun, Samuel Constant, Julien Poissy, Bruno Lina, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Olivier Terrier, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava. Characterization and Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasal and Bronchial Human Airway Epithelia. Cell reports. Medicine. 2020 07; 1(4):100059. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100059. [PMID: 32835306]
  • Maria M Posada, Bridget L Morse, P Kellie Turner, Palaniappan Kulanthaivel, Stephen D Hall, Gemma L Dickinson. Predicting Clinical Effects of CYP3A4 Modulators on Abemaciclib and Active Metabolites Exposure Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 2020 07; 60(7):915-930. doi: 10.1002/jcph.1584. [PMID: 32080863]
  • Abdul Wahab Arif, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Abdallah Masri, Benjamin Mba, Muhammad Talha Ayub, Rami Doukky. BRASH Syndrome with Hyperkalemia: An Under-Recognized Clinical Condition. Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal. 2020 Jul; 16(3):241-244. doi: 10.14797/mdcj-16-3-241. [PMID: 33133361]
  • Zeid A ALOthman, Khalid M Alsheetan, Hassan Y Aboul-Enein, Imran Ali. Applications of shun shell column and nanocomposite sorbent for analysis of eleven anti-hypertensive in human plasma. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2020 Jun; 1146(?):122125. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122125. [PMID: 32371329]
  • Mona Elfiky, Nehal Salahuddin, Atsunori Matsuda. Green fabrication of 3D hierarchical blossom-like hybrid of peeled montmorillonite-ZnO for in-vitro electrochemical sensing of diltiazem hydrochloride drug. Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications. 2020 Jun; 111(?):110773. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110773. [PMID: 32279745]
  • Gavin N Saari, Samuel P Haddad, Rachel M Mole, Bridgett N Hill, W Baylor Steele, Lea M Lovin, C Kevin Chambliss, Bryan W Brooks. Low dissolved oxygen increases uptake of a model calcium channel blocker and alters its effects on adult Pimephales promelas. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP. 2020 May; 231(?):108719. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108719. [PMID: 31987992]
  • Phuong Pham, Stephan Schmidt, Lawrence Lesko, Gregory Y H Lip, Joshua D Brown. Association of Oral Anticoagulants and Verapamil or Diltiazem With Adverse Bleeding Events in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation and Normal Kidney Function. JAMA network open. 2020 04; 3(4):e203593. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3593. [PMID: 32329770]
  • Andreas Nordholm-Carstensen, Helene Perregaard, Kirsten Lykke Wahlstrøm, Kikke Bartholin Hagen, Helene Tarri Hougaard, Peter-Martin Krarup. Treatment of chronic anal fissure: a feasibility study on Levorag® Emulgel versus Diltiazem gel 2. International journal of colorectal disease. 2020 Apr; 35(4):615-621. doi: 10.1007/s00384-020-03515-z. [PMID: 31980871]
  • Gergő Dargó, Dávid Bajusz, Kristóf Simon, Judit Müller, György T Balogh. Human Serum Albumin Binding in a Vial: A Novel UV-pH Titration Method To Assist Drug Design. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2020 02; 63(4):1763-1774. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00046. [PMID: 31995375]
  • Afrasim Moin, Hosahalli V Gangadharappa, Mohd Adnan, Syed M Rizvi, Syed A Ashraf, Mitesh Patel, Amr S Abu Lila, Ahmed N Allam. Modulation of Drug Release from Natural Polymer Matrices by Response Surface Methodology: in vitro and in vivo Evaluation. Drug design, development and therapy. 2020; 14(?):5325-5336. doi: 10.2147/dddt.s279955. [PMID: 33293794]
  • Mohammed I El-Gamal, Hanan S Anbar, Hamadeh Tarazi, Chang-Hyun Oh. Discovery of a potent p38α/MAPK14 kinase inhibitor: Synthesis, in vitro/in vivo biological evaluation, and docking studies. European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2019 Dec; 183(?):111684. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111684. [PMID: 31520926]
  • Tobie D Lee, Olivia W Lee, Kyle R Brimacombe, Lu Chen, Rajarshi Guha, Sabrina Lusvarghi, Bethilehem G Tebase, Carleen Klumpp-Thomas, Robert W Robey, Suresh V Ambudkar, Min Shen, Michael M Gottesman, Matthew D Hall. A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Molecular pharmacology. 2019 11; 96(5):629-640. doi: 10.1124/mol.119.115964. [PMID: 31515284]
  • Hsien-Tsung Yao, Jia-Hsuan Lin, Yun-Ta Liu, Mei-Ling Li, Wenchang Chiang. Food-Drug Interaction between the Adlay Bran Oil and Drugs in Rats. Nutrients. 2019 Oct; 11(10):. doi: 10.3390/nu11102473. [PMID: 31618937]
  • Bart van Domburg, Bart C H van der Nagel, Louise M Andrews, Birgit C P Koch. High-throughput quantification of ten antiarrhythmic drugs in human plasma using UPLC-MS/MS. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2019 Oct; 1129(?):121793. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121793. [PMID: 31629310]
  • Dylan Steinkey, Ebrahim Lari, Samuel G Woodman, Rylan Steinkey, Kim H Luong, Charles S Wong, Greg G Pyle. The effects of diltiazem on growth, reproduction, energy reserves, and calcium-dependent physiology in Daphnia magna. Chemosphere. 2019 Oct; 232(?):424-429. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.176. [PMID: 31158637]
  • Wai-Ping Yau, Charlene Wei-Ting Loh, Anantharaman Vathsala. Conversion from Twice-Daily Prograf® to Once-Daily Advagraf® in Multi-ethnic Asian Adult Renal Transplant Recipients With or Without Concomitant Use of Diltiazem: Impact of CYP3A5 and MDR1 Genetic Polymorphisms on Tacrolimus Exposure. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 2019 Aug; 44(4):481-492. doi: 10.1007/s13318-018-0531-5. [PMID: 30471066]
  • W Casan Scott, Samuel P Haddad, Gavin N Saari, C Kevin Chambliss, Jeremy L Conkle, Cole W Matson, Bryan W Brooks. Influence of salinity and pH on bioconcentration of ionizable pharmaceuticals by the gulf killifish, Fundulus grandis. Chemosphere. 2019 Aug; 229(?):434-442. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.188. [PMID: 31082711]
  • Abdullah Hamadi, Andrew P Grigg, Gasim Dobie, Kate L Burbury, Anthony P Schwarer, Faith A Kwa, Denise E Jackson. Ponatinib Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Induces a Thromboinflammatory Response. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 2019 Jul; 119(7):1112-1123. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1688787. [PMID: 31079415]
  • Yun Lin, Jinxiang Zhang, Wei Lei, Miaoyuan Li, Zhi Zhang, Yanmeng Lu, Linqiang Chen, Jin Yang, Jianjian Liang, Yehui Chen. Diltiazem aggravates testicular function impairment induced by cyclosporine A or tacrolimus in unilateral nephrectomised rats. Andrologia. 2019 Jun; 51(5):e13251. doi: 10.1111/and.13251. [PMID: 30821033]
  • Ken Takahashi, Shogo Hayashi, Mari Miyajima, Marei Omori, Jing Wang, Keiko Kaihara, Masatoshi Morimatsu, Chen Wang, Jian Chen, Gentaro Iribe, Keiji Naruse, Masahiro Sokabe. L-type calcium channel modulates mechanosensitivity of the cardiomyocyte cell line H9c2. Cell calcium. 2019 05; 79(?):68-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.02.008. [PMID: 30836292]
  • Rebecca E Wrishko, Jacqueline B McCrea, Ka Lai Yee, Wen Liu, Deborah Panebianco, Eric Mangin, Manu Chakravarthy, Maria P Martinez-Cantarin, Walter K Kraft. Effect of CYP3A Inhibition and Induction on the Pharmacokinetics of Suvorexant: Two Phase I, Open-Label, Fixed-Sequence Trials in Healthy Subjects. Clinical drug investigation. 2019 May; 39(5):441-451. doi: 10.1007/s40261-019-00764-x. [PMID: 30810914]
  • Laila H Emara, Ahmed A El-Ashmawy, Nesrin F Taha. Stability and bioavailability of diltiazem/polyethylene oxide matrix tablets. Pharmaceutical development and technology. 2018 Dec; 23(10):1057-1066. doi: 10.1080/10837450.2017.1341523. [PMID: 28604151]
  • Gavin N Saari, Jone Corrales, Samuel P Haddad, C Kevin Chambliss, Bryan W Brooks. Influence of Diltiazem on Fathead Minnows Across Dissolved Oxygen Gradients. Environmental toxicology and chemistry. 2018 11; 37(11):2835-2850. doi: 10.1002/etc.4242. [PMID: 30055012]
  • Ahmed Subahi, Walid Ibrahim, Ashraf Abugroun. Diltiazem-Associated Cardiogenic Shock in Thyrotoxic Crisis. American journal of therapeutics. 2018 Nov; 25(6):e666-e669. doi: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000000739. [PMID: 29521654]
  • C L Choong, H S Wong, F Y Lee, C K Lee, J V Kho, Y X Lai, T Vikneswaran. Dose-Response Relationship Between Diltiazem and Tacrolimus and Its Safety in Renal Transplant Recipients. Transplantation proceedings. 2018 Oct; 50(8):2515-2520. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.04.024. [PMID: 30316389]
  • S-H Ok, I-W Shin, S H Lee, J Park, M S Woo, J-M Hong, J Kim, J-T Sohn. Lipid emulsion alleviates the vasodilation and mean blood pressure decrease induced by a toxic dose of verapamil in isolated rat aortae and an in vivo rat model. Human & experimental toxicology. 2018 Jun; 37(6):636-646. doi: 10.1177/0960327117721963. [PMID: 28741374]
  • Mohamad Badr Jandali. Safety of Intravenous Diltiazem in Reduced Ejection Fraction Heart Failure with Rapid Atrial Fibrillation. Clinical drug investigation. 2018 Jun; 38(6):503-508. doi: 10.1007/s40261-018-0631-7. [PMID: 29478238]
  • Godwin U Ebiloma, Teresa Díaz Ayuga, Emmanuel O Balogun, Lucía Abad Gil, Anne Donachie, Marcel Kaiser, Tomás Herraiz, Daniel K Inaoka, Tomoo Shiba, Shigeharu Harada, Kiyoshi Kita, Harry P de Koning, Christophe Dardonville. Inhibition of trypanosome alternative oxidase without its N-terminal mitochondrial targeting signal (ΔMTS-TAO) by cationic and non-cationic 4-hydroxybenzoate and 4-alkoxybenzaldehyde derivatives active against T. brucei and T. congolense. European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2018 Apr; 150(?):385-402. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.075. [PMID: 29544150]
  • James Naples, Robert Cox, Gregory Bonaiuto, Kourosh Parham. Prestin as an Otologic Biomarker of Cisplatin Ototoxicity in a Guinea Pig Model. Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 2018 03; 158(3):541-546. doi: 10.1177/0194599817742093. [PMID: 29160156]
  • Jonathan H Sin, Andrew Tom, Alexander Toyoda, Nathalie Roy, Bryan D Hayes. High-dose intravenous lipid emulsion affecting successful initiation of continuous venovenous hemofiltration and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.). 2018 02; 56(2):149-150. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2017.1341633. [PMID: 28681624]
  • Xiao-Feng Guan, Dai-Yang Li, Wen-Jun Yin, Jun-Jie Ding, Ling-Yun Zhou, Jiang-Lin Wang, Rong-Rong Ma, Xiao-Cong Zuo. Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Diltiazem in Chinese Renal Transplant Recipients. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 2018 Feb; 43(1):55-62. doi: 10.1007/s13318-017-0425-y. [PMID: 28646274]
  • Abidemi J Akindele, Gabriel O Oludadepo, Kennedy I Amagon, Dhirendra Singh, Daniel D Osiagwu. Protective effect of carvedilol alone and coadministered with diltiazem and prednisolone on doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. Pharmacology research & perspectives. 2018 02; 6(1):. doi: 10.1002/prp2.381. [PMID: 29417758]
  • Luca Morini, Matteo Moretti, Francesca Brandolini, Antonio Marco Maria Osculati, Angelo Groppi, Claudia Vignali. Two Fatal Cases Involving Cardiovascular Drugs Diltiazem and Amlodipine. Journal of analytical toxicology. 2018 Jan; 42(1):e15-e19. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkx087. [PMID: 29140511]
  • Emmy Luu, Kevin B Ita, Matthew J Morra, Inna E Popova. The Influence of Microneedles on the Percutaneous Penetration of Selected Antihypertensive Agents: Diltiazem Hydrochloride and Perindopril Erbumine. Current drug delivery. 2018; 15(10):1449-1458. doi: 10.2174/1567201815666180730125941. [PMID: 30058488]
  • James A Chenoweth, Daniel K Colby, Mark E Sutter, Joshua B Radke, Jonathan B Ford, J Nilas Young, John R Richards. Massive diltiazem and metoprolol overdose rescued with extracorporeal life support. The American journal of emergency medicine. 2017 Oct; 35(10):1581.e3-1581.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.07.023. [PMID: 28705745]
  • Bhargavi Latha Athukuri, Prasad Neerati. Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of Diltiazem by the Influence of Gallic Acid and Ellagic Acid in Male Wistar Rats: Involvement of CYP3A and P-gp Inhibition. Phytotherapy research : PTR. 2017 Sep; 31(9):1441-1448. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5873. [PMID: 28766866]
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