Morphine (BioDeep_00000001550)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000865382, BioDeep_00001867732

human metabolite PANOMIX_OTCML-2023 Endogenous blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs natural product


代谢物信息卡片


(1S,5R,13R,14S,17R)-4-methyl-12-oxa-4-azapentacyclo[9.6.1.0¹,¹³.0⁵,¹⁷.0⁷,¹⁸]octadeca-7(18),8,10,15-tetraene-10,14-diol

化学式: C17H19NO3 (285.1365)
中文名称: 吗啡
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 15.66%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CN1CCC23C4C1CC5=C2C(=C(C=C5)O)OC3C(C=C4)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C17H19NO3/c1-18-7-6-17-10-3-5-13(20)16(17)21-15-12(19)4-2-9(14(15)17)8-11(10)18/h2-5,10-11,13,16,19-20H,6-8H2,1H3/t10-,11+,13-,16-,17-/m0/s1

描述信息

Morphine, also known as (-)-morphine or morphine sulfate, is a member of the class of compounds known as morphinans. Morphinans are polycyclic compounds with a four-ring skeleton with three condensed six-member rings forming a partially hydrogenated phenanthrene moiety, one of which is aromatic while the two others are alicyclic. Morphine is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Morphine can be synthesized from morphinan. Morphine is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, myrophine, heroin, and codeine. Morphine can be found in a number of food items such as nanking cherry, eggplant, millet, and common hazelnut, which makes morphine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Morphine can be found primarily in blood and urine, as well as in human kidney and liver tissues. In humans, morphine is involved in several metabolic pathways, some of which include heroin action pathway, morphine metabolism pathway, heroin metabolism pathway, and codeine metabolism pathway. Morphine is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Morphine is a drug which is used for the relief and treatment of severe pain. The primary source of morphine is isolation from poppy straw of the opium poppy. In 2013, an estimated 523 000 kg of morphine were produced. About 45 000 kg were used directly for pain, a four-time increase over the last twenty years. Most use for this purpose was in the developed world. About 70\\% of morphine is used to make other opioids such as hydromorphone, oxymorphone, and heroin. It is a Schedule II drug in the United States, Class A in the United Kingdom, and Schedule I in Canada. It is on the World Health Organizations List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. Morphine is sold under many trade names . Primarily hepatic (90\\%), converted to dihydromorphinone and normorphineand is) also converted to morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide. Virtually all morphine is converted to glucuronide metabolites; only a small fraction (less than 5\\%) of absorbed morphine is demethylated (DrugBank). In the treatment of morphine overdosage, primary attention should be given to the re- establishment of a patent airway and institution of assisted or controlled ventilation. Supportive measures (including oxygen, vasopressors) should be employed in the management of circulatory shock and pulmonary edema accompanying overdose as indicated. Cardiac arrest or arrhythmias may require cardiac massage or defibrillation. The pure opioid antagonists, such as naloxone, are specific antidotes against respiratory depression which results from opioid overdose. Naloxone should be administered intravenously; however, because its duration of action is relatively short, the patient must be carefully monitored until spontaneous respiration is reliably re-established. If the response to naloxone is suboptimal or not sustained, additional naloxone may be administered, as needed, or given by continuous infusion to maintain alertness and respiratory function; however, there is no information available about the cumulative dose of naloxone that may be safely administered (L1712) (T3DB).
Morphine is the principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. In 2017, morphine was the 155th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than four million prescriptions. Morphine is used primarily to treat both acute and chronic severe pain. Its duration of analgesia is about three to seven hours. A large overdose of morphine can cause asphyxia and death by respiratory depression if the person does not receive medical attention immediately. Morphine is naturally produced by several plants (such as the opium poppy) and animals (PMID: 22578954). Morphine was first isolated between 1803 and 1805 by Friedrich Sertürner. Sertürner originally named the substance morphium after the Greek god of dreams, Morpheus, as it has a tendency to cause sleep. The primary source of morphine is isolation from poppy straw of the opium poppy. Morphine is also endogenously produced by humans. In the mid 2000s it was found morphine can be synthesized by white blood cells (PMID 22578954). CYP2D6, a cytochrome P450 isoenzyme, catalyzes the biosynthesis of morphine from codeine and dopamine from tyramine. The morphine biosynthetic pathway in humans occurs as follows: L-tyrosine -> para-tyramine or L-DOPA -> dopamine -> (S)-norlaudanosoline -> (S)-reticuline -> 1,2-dehydroretinulinium -> (R)-reticuline -> salutaridine -> salutaridinol -> thebaine -> neopinone -> codeinone -> codeine -> morphine. (S)-Norlaudanosoline (also known as tetrahydropapaveroline) which is an important intermediate in the WBC biosynthesis of morphine can also be synthesized from 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), a metabolite of L-DOPA and dopamine. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle (PMID: 4582903). The precise mechanism of the analgesic action of morphine is not fully known. However, specific CNS opiate receptors have been identified and likely play a role in the induction of analgesic effects. Morphine first acts on the mu-opioid receptors. The mechanism of respiratory depression involves a reduction in the responsiveness of the brain stem respiratory centers to increases in carbon dioxide tension and electrical stimulation. It has been shown that morphine binds to and inhibits GABA inhibitory interneurons. These interneurons normally inhibit the descending pain inhibition pathway. So, without the inhibitory signals, pain modulation can proceed downstream. When the dose of morphine is reduced after long-term use, opioid withdrawal symptoms such as drowsiness, vomiting, and constipation may also occur (PMID: 23244430). Morphine is only found in easily detectable quantities in individuals that have used or taken this drug.
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics
D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D009294 - Narcotics > D053610 - Opiate Alkaloids
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C67413 - Opioid Receptor Agonist > C1657 - Opiate
N - Nervous system > N02 - Analgesics > N02A - Opioids > N02AA - Natural opium alkaloids
relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.056
relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.054
D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics
CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 2744
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1580

同义名列表

33 个代谢物同义名

(1S,5R,13R,14S,17R)-4-methyl-12-oxa-4-azapentacyclo[9.6.1.0¹,¹³.0⁵,¹⁷.0⁷,¹⁸]octadeca-7(18),8,10,15-tetraene-10,14-diol; (7R,7AS,12BS)-3-methyl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-4,12-methano[1]benzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7,9-diol; (5alpha,6alpha)-17-Methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6-diol; (5alpha,6alpha)-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol; (5a,6a)-17-Methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6-diol; (5Α,6α)-17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxymorphinan-3,6-diol; (5R,6S,9R,13S,14R)-4,5-Epoxy-N-methyl-7-morphinen-3,6-diol; (5Α,6α)-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol; (5a,6a)-Didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol; Morphine sulfate (2:1), pentahydrate; Morphine sulfate (2:1), anhydrous; Chloride, morphine; Morphine chloride; Sulfate, morphine; morphine sulfate; D-(-)-Morphine; Morfina dosa; (-)-Morphine; Oramorph SR; Contin, MS; Morphinum; Substitol; Duramorph; MS Contin; Morphium; Morphina; Nepenthe; Morphine; Morphin; Morfina; Morphia; morph; Morphine



数据库引用编号

58 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

7 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(2)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(5)

PharmGKB(0)

72 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 8 ABCB1, CALCA, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, MME, PRL, PTGS2, SAG
Peripheral membrane protein 2 PTGS2, SAG
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 3 CYP2D6, CYP3A4, PTGS2
Nucleus 2 PRL, SAG
cytosol 3 NGF, PRKCQ, SAG
dendrite 5 MME, NGF, PDYN, PNOC, TACR1
trans-Golgi network 1 MME
nucleoplasm 2 PRL, SAG
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex 1 PRL
Cell membrane 5 ABCB1, MME, P2RY12, TACR1, TRPV1
Multi-pass membrane protein 5 ABCB1, CACNA1I, P2RY12, TACR1, TRPV1
Synapse 4 MME, PDYN, PNOC, TAC1
cell surface 4 ABCB1, MME, P2RY12, TACR1
Golgi membrane 1 INS
neuronal cell body 6 CALCA, MME, PDYN, PNOC, TAC1, TRPV1
synaptic vesicle 2 MME, NGF
Presynapse 1 MME
plasma membrane 11 ABCB1, CACNA1I, IGHE, KNG1, MME, P2RY12, PDYN, PNOC, PRKCQ, TACR1, TRPV1
terminal bouton 1 CALCA
Membrane 8 ABCB1, CACNA1I, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, MME, P2RY12, SAG, TRPV1
apical plasma membrane 1 ABCB1
axon 3 MME, NGF, TAC1
brush border 1 MME
caveola 1 PTGS2
extracellular exosome 3 ABCB1, KNG1, MME
endoplasmic reticulum 2 CYP2D6, PTGS2
extracellular space 7 CALCA, IGHE, INS, KNG1, NGF, PRL, TAC1
mitochondrion 1 CYP2D6
protein-containing complex 1 PTGS2
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 2 CYP2D6, CYP3A4
Microsome membrane 3 CYP2D6, CYP3A4, PTGS2
Single-pass type I membrane protein 1 IGHE
Secreted 6 CALCA, INS, NGF, PDYN, PNOC, PRL
extracellular region 9 CALCA, IGHE, INS, KNG1, NGF, PDYN, PNOC, PRL, TAC1
Single-pass membrane protein 1 CYP2D6
hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse 2 CALCA, PDYN
centriolar satellite 1 PRKCQ
photoreceptor inner segment 1 SAG
photoreceptor outer segment 1 SAG
external side of plasma membrane 1 TRPV1
cytoplasmic vesicle 1 MME
Early endosome 1 MME
Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 MME
postsynaptic membrane 2 TACR1, TRPV1
Apical cell membrane 1 ABCB1
Membrane raft 1 MME
focal adhesion 1 MME
GABA-ergic synapse 1 TRPV1
collagen-containing extracellular matrix 1 KNG1
Nucleus inner membrane 1 PTGS2
Nucleus outer membrane 1 PTGS2
nuclear inner membrane 1 PTGS2
nuclear outer membrane 1 PTGS2
Postsynaptic cell membrane 1 TRPV1
Cell projection, neuron projection 1 TRPV1
neuron projection 1 PTGS2
chromatin 1 PRL
IgE immunoglobulin complex 1 IGHE
Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment 1 SAG
Secreted, extracellular space 1 KNG1
blood microparticle 1 KNG1
sperm midpiece 1 TACR1
[Isoform 2]: Cell membrane 1 IGHE
sperm flagellum 1 TACR1
endosome lumen 3 INS, NGF, PRL
cell body 1 TACR1
synaptic membrane 1 PNOC
secretory granule lumen 1 INS
secretory granule membrane 1 MME
Golgi lumen 2 INS, NGF
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 3 INS, KNG1, PTGS2
platelet alpha granule lumen 1 KNG1
axon terminus 2 PDYN, PNOC
voltage-gated calcium channel complex 1 CACNA1I
transport vesicle 1 INS
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane 1 INS
Cul5-RING ubiquitin ligase complex 1 SAG
immunological synapse 1 PRKCQ
neuronal dense core vesicle 2 CALCA, PDYN
aggresome 1 PRKCQ
external side of apical plasma membrane 1 ABCB1
Cell projection, dendritic spine membrane 1 TRPV1
dendritic spine membrane 1 TRPV1
[Isoform 3]: Cell membrane 1 IGHE
[Isoform 1]: Secreted 1 IGHE
IgE B cell receptor complex 1 IGHE
immunoglobulin complex, circulating 1 IGHE
sperm head 1 TACR1
neuron projection terminus 1 MME
cell body membrane 1 P2RY12
cell projection membrane 1 P2RY12


文献列表

  • Lu Liu, Jie Wu, Changlin Zhang, Tong Cao, Yongli Lu, Zhi He, Zicheng Li. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress attenuates morphine protracted abstinence-induced anxiety-like behaviors in the male mice. Brain research. 2024 Jul; 1835(?):148930. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148930. [PMID: 38604556]
  • Xiao-Lan Cheng, Yong-Lan Ruan, Jing-Ya Dai, Hai-Zhen Fan, Jin-Ying Ling, Jiao Chen, Wu-Guang Lu, Xue-Jiao Gao, Peng Cao. 8-shogaol derived from dietary ginger alleviated acute and inflammatory pain by targeting TRPV1. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2024 Jun; 128(?):155500. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155500. [PMID: 38484627]
  • Shimei Li, Songjiang Tang, Lina Dai, Zhonglu Jian, Xi Li. Emodin relieves morphine-stimulated BV2 microglial activation and inflammation through the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Neuroreport. 2024 May; 35(8):518-528. doi: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002034. [PMID: 38597275]
  • Iman Khaldari, Mohammad Reza Naghavi, Elaheh Motamedi, Meisam Zargar. The effects of green and chemically-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles on the production and gene expression of morphinan alkaloids in Oriental poppy. Scientific reports. 2024 03; 14(1):6000. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-56709-8. [PMID: 38472367]
  • Zonghui Li, Qigang Shu, Qiuping Chen, Hongwei Yang, Lu Liu, Zhi He, Hong Lin, Zicheng Li. HCN1 in the lateral habenula contributes to morphine abstinence-induced anxiety-like behaviors in male mice. Journal of psychiatric research. 2024 Jan; 171(?):185-196. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.037. [PMID: 38301534]
  • Sara E Kern, Sarah E Voelker, Lisa M Lorenz, Rachel D Dicken, Megan E Sterling, Angie S Mohrhaus, Valerie M Toomey. Comparison of direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry, atmospheric solids analysis probe-mass spectrometry, and ion mobility spectrometry for ensuring food safety by rapid screening of poppy seeds. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2024 Jan; 416(3):827-837. doi: 10.1007/s00216-023-05042-6. [PMID: 37999721]
  • Cheng Song, Dong Wang, Bin Chen. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of ketamine versus morphine for the treatment of acute pain. Minerva anestesiologica. 2024 Jan; 90(1-2):77-86. doi: 10.23736/s0375-9393.23.17561-4. [PMID: 37930103]
  • Zhengyi Lyu, Shuxin Tian, Guanai Bao, Rui Huang, Liyan Gong, Jie Zhou, Xiangming Kong, Weiping Zhang, Ran Ran, Na Nie, Yang Liu, Conghua Ji, Shan Liu, Xiaomei Shao, Guoyin Kai, Xianming Lin, Jianqiao Fang, Yi Liang. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for cancer-related pain management in patients receiving chronic opioid therapy: a randomized clinical trial. Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer. 2023 Dec; 32(1):16. doi: 10.1007/s00520-023-08240-1. [PMID: 38085376]
  • Chan Li, Yingbo Lin, Rukun Lin, Zhijie Chen, Qichun Zhou, Chaohua Luo, Zhixian Mo. Host miR-129-5p reverses effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on morphine reward possibly mediated by changes in B. vulgatus and serotonin metabolism in hippocampus. Gut microbes. 2023 12; 15(2):2254946. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2254946. [PMID: 37698853]
  • Jiao Jiao, Jin Fan, Yonggang Zhang, Lingmin Chen. Efficacy and Safety of Ketamine to Treat Cancer Pain in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review. Journal of pain and symptom management. 2023 Nov; ?(?):. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.11.004. [PMID: 37972720]
  • Rahni Hossain, Abida Sultana, Manit Nuinoon, Kunwadee Noonong, Jitbanjong Tangpong, Kazi Helal Hossain, Md Atiar Rahman. A Critical Review of the Neuropharmacological Effects of Kratom: An Insight from the Functional Array of Identified Natural Compounds. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2023 Oct; 28(21):. doi: 10.3390/molecules28217372. [PMID: 37959790]
  • Shahrzad Molavinia, Mehrad Nikravesh, Marzieh Pashmforoosh, Hossein Rajabi Vardanjani, Mohammad Javad Khodayar. Zingerone Alleviates Morphine Tolerance and Dependence in Mice by Reducing Oxidative Stress-Mediated NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Neurochemical research. 2023 Oct; ?(?):. doi: 10.1007/s11064-023-04043-2. [PMID: 37864024]
  • Han Shuai, Mao Hua, Jin Tingting, Yan Rubing, Wang Ziyi, Zhang Jie, Shi Jianwen, Liang Yongxin. Inhibitory effect of berberine on morphine tolerance and hyperalgesia in mice. Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan. 2023 10; 43(5):915-924. doi: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20230802.006. [PMID: 37679979]
  • Asser F Bedair, Ahmed Wahid, Nesrine S El-Mezayen, Amira F El-Yazbi, Hadeel A Khalil, Nayera W Hassan, Elham A Afify. Nicorandil/ morphine crosstalk accounts for antinociception and hepatoprotection in hepatic fibrosis in rats: Distinct roles of opioid/cGMP and NO/KATP pathways. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2023 Jun; 165(?):115068. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115068. [PMID: 37392650]
  • Winfried Häuser, Patrick Welsch, Lukas Radbruch, Emma Fisher, Rae Frances Bell, R Andrew Moore. Cannabis-based medicines and medical cannabis for adults with cancer pain. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2023 06; 6(?):CD014915. doi: 10.1002/14651858.cd014915.pub2. [PMID: 37283486]
  • Adriana Jesus Souza, Francisco S Guimarães, Felipe V Gomes. Cannabidiol attenuates the expression of conditioned place aversion induced by naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal through the activation of 5-HT1A receptors. Behavioural brain research. 2023 May; 450(?):114504. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114504. [PMID: 37209879]
  • Da Shao, Donglang Jiang, Qi Huang, Shuhua Ren, Junpeng Li, Jianfei Xiao, Yihui Guan, Bin Lai, Jun Zhao, Fang Xie, Fengchun Hua. Brain glucose metabolism and dopamine transporter changes in rats with morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Addiction biology. 2023 May; 28(5):e13277. doi: 10.1111/adb.13277. [PMID: 37186440]
  • Hongming Ye, Tong Cao, Qigang Shu, Yue Chen, Yongli Lu, Zhi He, Zicheng Li. Blockade of orexin receptor 1 attenuates morphine protracted abstinence-induced anxiety-like behaviors in male mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2023 May; 151(?):106080. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106080. [PMID: 36931057]
  • Joaquim Barbosa Leite Júnior, Luiz Gustavo Soares Carvalho Crespo, Richard Ian Samuels, Norberto Cysne Coimbra, Robert J Carey, Marinete Pinheiro Carrera. Morphine and dopamine: Low dose apomorphine can prevent both the induction and expression of morphine locomotor sensitization and conditioning. Behavioural brain research. 2023 Apr; 448(?):114434. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114434. [PMID: 37100351]
  • Laura Hautrive Milanesi, Domenika Rubert Rossato, Jéssica Leandra Oliveira Rosa, Lívia Ferraz D'avila, Vinícia Garzella Metz, Camila Reck Rampelotto, Viviane Gonçalves Pereira, Scheila Rezende Schaffazick, Cristiane de Bona da Silva, Marilise E Burger. Ferulic acid-loaded nanostructure prevents morphine reinstatement: the involvement of dopamine system, NRF2, and ΔFosB in the striatum brain area of rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 2023 Feb; ?(?):. doi: 10.1007/s00210-023-02420-w. [PMID: 36790483]
  • Qian Wang, Jing Dong, Xin Ye, Yi-Feng Ren. A Meta-Analysis Showing the Quantitative Evidence Base of Preemptive Pregabalin for Postoperative Pain from Cancer-Related Surgery. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania). 2023 Jan; 59(2):. doi: 10.3390/medicina59020280. [PMID: 36837482]
  • Guan-Yu Zhuo, Ming-Chi Chen, Tzu-Yu Lin, Shih-Ting Lin, Daniel Tzu-Li Chen, Cynthia Wei-Sheng Lee. Opioid-Modulated Receptor Localization and Erk1/2 Phosphorylation in Cells Coexpressing μ-Opioid and Nociceptin Receptors. International journal of molecular sciences. 2023 Jan; 24(2):. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021048. [PMID: 36674576]
  • Chen Zhao, Roderick MacKinnon. Structural and functional analyses of a GPCR-inhibited ion channel TRPM3. Neuron. 2023 01; 111(1):81-91.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.002. [PMID: 36283409]
  • Bingxu Ren, Jiannan Zhang, Xiaohu Yang, Dapeng Sun, Duanyang Sheng, Qiang Fang, Zhonghua Ji. Co-Administration of nalbuphine to improve morphine tolerance in mice with bone cancer pain. Molecular pain. 2023 Jan; 19(?):17448069231178741. doi: 10.1177/17448069231178741. [PMID: 37226458]
  • Xin Ye, Yi-Feng Ren, Yu-Cheng Hu, Shi-Yan Tan, Hua Jiang, Long-Fei Zhang, Wei Shi, Yu-Ting Wang. Dexamethasone Does Not Provide Additional Clinical Analgesia Effect to Local Wound Infiltration: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Advances in wound care. 2023 01; 12(1):1-14. doi: 10.1089/wound.2021.0163. [PMID: 35081741]
  • Somayeh Shahidani, Zahra Jokar, Hojjatallah Alaei, Parham Reisi. Effects of treadmill exercise and chronic stress on anxiety-like behavior, neuronal activity, and oxidative stress in basolateral amygdala in morphine-treated rats. Synapse (New York, N.Y.). 2023 01; 77(1):e22256. doi: 10.1002/syn.22256. [PMID: 36200789]
  • Qisheng Wang, Fenfen Qin, Yuxuan Wang, Zijing Wang, Weixin Lin, Zhonghao Li, Qingyang Liu, Xinru Mu, Hui Wang, Shang Lu, Yongwei Jiang, Shengfeng Lu, Qian Wang, Zhigang Lu. Normalization of the H3K9me2/H3K14ac-ΔFosB pathway in the nucleus accumbens underlying the reversal of morphine-induced behavioural and synaptic plasticity by Compound 511. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2023 Jan; 108(?):154467. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154467. [PMID: 36252464]
  • Zhonghao Li, Qinmei Sun, Qingyang Liu, Xinru Mu, Hui Wang, Han Zhang, Fenfen Qin, Qisheng Wang, Dengyun Nie, Anlong Liu, Qian Li, Jianjian Ji, Yongwei Jiang, Shengfeng Lu, Qian Wang, Zhigang Lu. Compound 511 ameliorates MRSA-induced lung injury by attenuating morphine-induced immunosuppression in mice via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology. 2023 Jan; 108(?):154475. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154475. [PMID: 36252465]
  • Rima Atria Japarin, Norsyifa Harun, Zurina Hassan, Mohammed Shoaib. Mitragynine, a primary constituent of kratom reinstates morphine-seeking behaviour in rats. Behavioural pharmacology. 2022 Dec; ?(?):. doi: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000715. [PMID: 36752325]
  • Xuecheng Zhang, Qi Wang, Yujiang Dong, Yuqi Jia, Zhihui Hou, Wenqi Deng, Menghe Zhang, Qiurun Mu, Hongling Jia. Acupuncture-assisted anaesthesia for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation to reduce the consumption of morphine hydrochloride and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ open. 2022 12; 12(12):e068318. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068318. [PMID: 36521882]
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