Ephedrine (BioDeep_00000001464)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000270888, BioDeep_00000865035

human metabolite blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs natural product


代谢物信息卡片


(1R,2S)-1-Phenyl-1-hydroxy-2-methylaminopropane

化学式: C10H15NO (165.1154)
中文名称: 麻黄碱
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 26.67%

分子结构信息

SMILES: c1([C@H]([C@@H](NC)C)O)ccccc1
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H15NO/c1-8(11-2)10(12)9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-8,10-12H,1-2H3/t8-,10-/m0/s1

描述信息

Ephedrine is only found in individuals who have consumed this drug. Ephedrine is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists. [PubChem] Ephedrine is similar in molecular structure to the well-known drugs phenylpropanolamine and methamphetamine, as well as to the important neurotransmitter epinephrine (adrenalin). Chemically, it is an alkaloid with a phenethylamine skeleton found in various plants in the genus Ephedra (family Ephedraceae). It works mainly by increasing the activity of norepinephrine (noradrenalin) on adrenergic receptors. It is most usually marketed as the hydrochloride or sulfate salt.
R - Respiratory system > R01 - Nasal preparations > R01A - Decongestants and other nasal preparations for topical use > R01AB - Sympathomimetics, combinations excl. corticosteroids
R - Respiratory system > R03 - Drugs for obstructive airway diseases > R03C - Adrenergics for systemic use > R03CA - Alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor agonists
R - Respiratory system > R01 - Nasal preparations > R01A - Decongestants and other nasal preparations for topical use > R01AA - Sympathomimetics, plain
C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy > C01C - Cardiac stimulants excl. cardiac glycosides > C01CA - Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents
S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01F - Mydriatics and cycloplegics > S01FB - Sympathomimetics excl. antiglaucoma preparations
D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D013566 - Sympathomimetics
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C87053 - Adrenergic Agonist
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000697 - Central Nervous System Stimulants
D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents
CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 2758

同义名列表

22 个代谢物同义名

(1R,2S)-1-Phenyl-1-hydroxy-2-methylaminopropane; L-Erythro-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol; (1R,2S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol; Renaudin brand OF ephedrine hydrochloride; Wendt brand OF ephedrine sulfate; Erythro isomer OF ephedrine; Hydrochloride, ephedrine; Ephedrine erythro isomer; Ephedrine hydrochloride; Renaudin, ephedrine; Sulfate, ephedrine; Ephedrine renaudin; Ephedrine sulfate; L-(-)-Ephedrine; L(-)-Ephedrine; (-)-Ephedrine; Sal-phedrine; Sal phedrine; SalPhedrine; L-Ephedrine; Ephedrine; Ephedrine



数据库引用编号

32 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(1)

PlantCyc(1)

代谢反应

2 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(1)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(1)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

103 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 4 ACE, AKT1, ALB, AXIN2
Peripheral membrane protein 2 ACHE, DOK7
Endosome membrane 1 ADRB2
Nucleus 6 ACHE, ADRB2, AKT1, ALB, AXIN2, MET
cytosol 4 AKT1, ALB, AXIN2, LEP
nuclear body 1 MET
centrosome 2 ALB, AXIN2
nucleoplasm 3 AKT1, DOK7, MET
Cell membrane 7 ACE, ACHE, ADRB2, ADRB3, AKT1, DOK7, TNF
lamellipodium 1 AKT1
Multi-pass membrane protein 4 ADRB2, ADRB3, CACNA1I, UCP1
Synapse 3 ACHE, CHRNE, DOK7
cell cortex 1 AKT1
cell junction 1 COLQ
cell surface 3 ACHE, MET, TNF
glutamatergic synapse 1 AKT1
Golgi apparatus 3 ACHE, ADRB2, ALB
Golgi membrane 1 INS
mitochondrial inner membrane 1 UCP1
neuromuscular junction 3 ACHE, CHRNE, COLQ
neuronal cell body 1 TNF
postsynapse 2 AKT1, MET
Lysosome 2 ACE, ADRB2
endosome 2 ACE, ADRB2
plasma membrane 15 ACE, ACHE, ADRB2, ADRB3, AKT1, AXIN2, BCHE, CACNA1I, CHRNE, COLQ, DOK7, IGHE, MET, REN, TNF
Membrane 8 ACE, ACHE, ADRB2, AKT1, CACNA1I, CHRNE, MET, REN
apical plasma membrane 1 ADRB2
extracellular exosome 2 ACE, ALB
endoplasmic reticulum 1 ALB
extracellular space 11 ACE, ACHE, ALB, BCHE, COLQ, IGHE, IL6, INS, LEP, REN, TNF
perinuclear region of cytoplasm 1 ACHE
mitochondrion 2 DOK7, UCP1
protein-containing complex 2 AKT1, ALB
Single-pass type I membrane protein 2 ACE, IGHE
Secreted 8 ACE, ACHE, ALB, BCHE, IL6, INS, LEP, REN
extracellular region 11 ACE, ACHE, ALB, BCHE, IGHE, IL6, INS, LEP, MET, REN, TNF
Single-pass membrane protein 1 MET
Extracellular side 1 ACHE
anchoring junction 1 ALB
external side of plasma membrane 2 ACE, TNF
Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix 1 COLQ
beta-catenin destruction complex 1 AXIN2
microtubule cytoskeleton 1 AKT1
Early endosome 1 ADRB2
apical part of cell 1 REN
cell-cell junction 1 AKT1
recycling endosome 1 TNF
Single-pass type II membrane protein 1 TNF
vesicle 1 AKT1
postsynaptic membrane 1 CHRNE
Mitochondrion inner membrane 1 UCP1
Membrane raft 1 TNF
spindle 1 AKT1
basement membrane 2 ACHE, COLQ
collagen trimer 1 COLQ
Mitochondrion intermembrane space 1 AKT1
mitochondrial intermembrane space 1 AKT1
collagen-containing extracellular matrix 1 COLQ
receptor complex 3 ADRB2, ADRB3, MET
neuron projection 1 CHRNE
ciliary basal body 2 AKT1, ALB
IgE immunoglobulin complex 1 IGHE
phagocytic cup 1 TNF
centriole 1 ALB
brush border membrane 1 ACE
spindle pole 1 ALB
blood microparticle 2 ALB, BCHE
sperm midpiece 1 ACE
Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor 1 ACHE
[Isoform 2]: Cell membrane 1 IGHE
endosome lumen 1 INS
side of membrane 1 ACHE
basal plasma membrane 2 ACE, MET
secretory granule lumen 1 INS
Golgi lumen 1 INS
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 4 ALB, BCHE, IL6, INS
platelet alpha granule lumen 1 ALB
voltage-gated calcium channel complex 1 CACNA1I
transport vesicle 1 INS
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane 1 INS
neuronal dense core vesicle 1 ADRB2
nuclear envelope lumen 1 BCHE
clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane 1 ADRB2
synaptic cleft 2 ACHE, COLQ
[Isoform 3]: Cell membrane 1 IGHE
[Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted 1 TNF
[Isoform 1]: Secreted 1 IGHE
IgE B cell receptor complex 1 IGHE
immunoglobulin complex, circulating 1 IGHE
acetylcholine-gated channel complex 1 CHRNE
interleukin-6 receptor complex 1 IL6
[Angiotensin-converting enzyme, soluble form]: Secreted 1 ACE
[Isoform Testis-specific]: Cell membrane 1 ACE
[Isoform H]: Cell membrane 1 ACHE
ciliary transition fiber 1 ALB
[C-domain 2]: Secreted 1 TNF
[Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane 1 TNF
[C-domain 1]: Secreted 1 TNF


文献列表

  • Bryce Pardo, Alexandre Nobajas Ganau, Irmgard Zeiler. Modelling the amount of inputs needed for methamphetamine manufacture in Afghanistan. Addiction (Abingdon, England). 2024 Jun; 119(6):1013-1020. doi: 10.1111/add.16474. [PMID: 38509858]
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  • Masaki Kakimoto, Toshihito Nomura, Tanuza Nazmul, Akima Yamamoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Akifumi Higashiura, Masanori Ito, Hiroki Ohge, Masayuki Mikage, Keiko Ochiai Ogawa, Takemasa Sakaguchi. In vitro anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 effect of Ephedra przewalskii Stapf extract. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2024 Jan; 319(Pt 3):117341. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117341. [PMID: 37879507]
  • Kengo Hayashi, Yuki Miyao, Hina Matsui, Takao Yamaura, Ken Tanaka, Mariko Baba, Hiroaki Hayashi. Comparison of Non-ephedrine Constituents from Ephedra Plants Cultivated in Japan. Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2024; 72(4):385-388. doi: 10.1248/cpb.c24-00043. [PMID: 38631893]
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  • Yue-Chiun Li, Chia-Hung Wu, Thi Ha Le, Qingjun Yuan, Luqi Huang, Guo-Fen Chen, Mei-Lin Yang, Sio-Hong Lam, Hsin-Yi Hung, Handong Sun, Yi-Hung Wu, Ping-Chung Kuo, Tian-Shung Wu. A Modified 1H-NMR Quantification Method of Ephedrine Alkaloids in Ephedrae Herba Samples. International journal of molecular sciences. 2023 Jul; 24(14):. doi: 10.3390/ijms241411272. [PMID: 37511036]
  • Mitsuhiko Nose, Risa Kobayashi, Momoka Tada, Shinsuke Hisaka, Sayaka Masada, Masato Homma, Takashi Hakamatsuka. Comparison of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine contents in 34 Kampo extracts containing Ephedrae Herba used clinically in Japan. Journal of natural medicines. 2023 Mar; ?(?):. doi: 10.1007/s11418-023-01687-w. [PMID: 36854954]
  • Yoshitomi Kudo, Hirokazu Ando, Ai Kaneda, Honoka Ito, Kazuki Umemoto, Si-Ran Ni, Masayuki Mikage, Yohei Sasaki. Evaluation of rooting characteristics of Ephedra cuttings by anatomy and promising strain selection based on rooting characteristics and alkaloid content. Journal of natural medicines. 2023 Mar; 77(2):327-342. doi: 10.1007/s11418-023-01680-3. [PMID: 36680565]
  • Yumin Cao, Ning Zhou, Tong Liu, Jinying Zhang, Yongxiang Wang, Bingxian Zhang, Zhenkai Zhang, Weisheng Feng, Xiaoke Zheng. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Ephedra herba in common cold and nephrotic syndrome rat models. Journal of separation science. 2023 Feb; ?(?):e2200895. doi: 10.1002/jssc.202200895. [PMID: 36823773]
  • Yongjing Liu, Suxia Zhang, Li Lou, Tang Yan, Wei Xu. Evaluating the behavior and principle of deep eutectic solvent on ephedrine-type alkaloid extraction from Ephedrae Herba. Biomedical chromatography : BMC. 2023 Feb; 37(2):e5541. doi: 10.1002/bmc.5541. [PMID: 36328792]
  • Xuedan Huang, Sumiko Hyuga, Yoshiaki Amakura, Masashi Hyuga, Nahoko Uchiyama, Takashi Hakamatsuka, Yukihiro Goda, Hiroshi Odaguchi, Toshihiko Hanawa, Yoshinori Kobayashi. Overlooked switch from transient sedation to sustained excitement in the Biphasic effects of Ephedra Herb extract administered orally to mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2023 Jan; 301(?):115827. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115827. [PMID: 36240977]
  • Hajime Hiyama, Yosuke Yoshioka, Ryo Ohsawa. Evaluation of the Influence of Genetic and Environmental Factors on the Ephedrine Alkaloids Content of Ephedra sinica. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2023; 46(12):1692-1698. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00374. [PMID: 38044092]
  • Longfei Guo, Ping He, Yuan He, Yu Gao, Xiaoting Zhang, Tongtong Huo, Cheng Peng, Fanyun Meng. Predicting the comprehensive geospatial pattern of two ephedrine-type alkaloids for Ephedra sinica in Inner Mongolia. PloS one. 2023; 18(4):e0283967. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283967. [PMID: 37083689]
  • Hui Tian, Limei Wang, Taoli Fu. Ephedrine alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and restraining NF-κB signaling. The Journal of toxicological sciences. 2023; 48(10):547-556. doi: 10.2131/jts.48.547. [PMID: 37778983]
  • Yoshitomi Kudo, Kazuki Umemoto, Toshihiro Obata, Ai Kaneda, Si-Ran Ni, Masayuki Mikage, Yohei Sasaki, Hirokazu Ando. Seasonal variation of alkaloids and polyphenol in Ephedra sinica cultivated in Japan and controlling factors. Journal of natural medicines. 2023 Jan; 77(1):137-151. doi: 10.1007/s11418-022-01656-9. [PMID: 36282406]
  • Mengnan Lu, Yongjuan Zhang, Shiyan Wang, Xiaona Wang, Shengnan Zhang, Ji De. Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in Ephedra saxatilis on the vertical altitude gradient changed in southern Tibet Plateau, China. PloS one. 2023; 18(8):e0290696. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290696. [PMID: 37624827]
  • Mohd Imran, Shital Pradeep Patil, Mohammed A S Abourehab, Vidhu Aeri, Prashant Kesharwani. Quality by design-based optimization of Soxhlet extraction and identification of ephedrine by a HPTLC method for Sida rhombifolia and Sida Cordifolia. Biomedical chromatography : BMC. 2022 Dec; 36(12):e5479. doi: 10.1002/bmc.5479. [PMID: 35961325]
  • Chenchen Guo, Ying Chen, Dengyun Wu, Yu Du, Mengyue Wang, Cunqi Liu, Jianzhou Chu, Xiaoqin Yao. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals an Essential Role of Exogenous Brassinolide on the Alkaloid Biosynthesis Pathway in Pinellia Ternata. International journal of molecular sciences. 2022 Sep; 23(18):. doi: 10.3390/ijms231810898. [PMID: 36142812]
  • Nan-Nan Tian, Xi-He Yang, Ya-Xuan Zhu, Xue-Shan Zeng, Jia-Ye Yuan, Jun-Ling Yang, Wei-Wei Jia, Chuan Li. [Mahuang (herbaceous stem of Ephedra spp.): chemistry, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2022 Jul; 47(13):3409-3424. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220425.601. [PMID: 35850791]
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  • Yang Fu, PeiPei Yuan, Yajuan Zheng, Liyuan Gao, Yaxin Wei, Yi Chen, Panying Li, Yuan Ruan, Xiaoke Zheng, Weisheng Feng. Ephedra herb reduces adriamycin-induced testicular toxicity by upregulating the gonadotropin-releasing hormone signalling pathway. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2022 Jun; 150(?):113061. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113061. [PMID: 35658231]
  • Gang Wang, Xuanjiao Bai, Xiaochen Chen, Ying Ren, Jianping Han. Development of a Genus-Universal Nucleotide Signature for the Identification and Supervision of Ephedra-Containing Products. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2022 Apr; 27(7):. doi: 10.3390/molecules27072342. [PMID: 35408741]
  • Chunying Song, Dongping Yu, Gaowa Jin, Junjie Ding, Han Zhou, Zhimou Guo, Xinmiao Liang. High-performance liquid chromatography quantitative analysis of ephedrine alkaloids in Ephedrae Herba on a perfluorooctyl stationary phase. Journal of separation science. 2022 Mar; 45(5):1051-1058. doi: 10.1002/jssc.202100645. [PMID: 34984820]
  • Shen Duan, Xue-Ying Cui, Xin-Yao Wang, Cheng-Bin Shan, Chao-Mei Ma. Combination of Ephedra sinica stems and Terminalia chebula fruits produces new ephedrine derivatives in vivo that diminish the permeability to BBB while retaining airway dilation and hepatoprotective effects. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2022 Mar; 285(?):114837. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114837. [PMID: 34788644]
  • Ting Zhu, Yao Jin, Jingjing Zhao, Jing Jing, Tian Tian, Yuanhong Shan, Xin Xu, Yang Wang. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of ephedrine stimulants in urine by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM. 2022 Feb; 36(4):e9229. doi: 10.1002/rcm.9229. [PMID: 34854506]
  • Hong-Lei Wang, Fen-Qiao Chen, Li-Juan Wu. Ephedrine ameliorates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through restraining endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in vitro and in vivo. International immunopharmacology. 2022 Feb; 103(?):107842. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107842. [PMID: 34953449]
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  • Meriem Hamoudi, Djouher Amroun, Sabrina Boutefnouchet, Chawki Bensouici, Samira Kaoula, Daoud Harzallah, Seddik Khennouf, Saliha Dahamna. Phytochemical Screening, In vitro Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties, and Acute Toxicity of Extracts from the Aerial Parts of Ephedra nebrodensis, a Source of Bioactive Compounds. Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening. 2022; 25(6):1058-1071. doi: 10.2174/1386207324666210303094339. [PMID: 33655855]
  • Lixian Huang, Bo Zhao, Qunxian Li, Jing Wu, Hui Jiang, Qingbin Li. Ephedrine alleviates middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced neurological deficits and hippocampal neuronal damage in rats by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Bioengineered. 2021 12; 12(1):4136-4149. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1953218. [PMID: 34288825]
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  • Yea-Jin Park, Divina C Cominguez, Hyo-Jung Kim, Jong-Sik Jin, Duck-Jae Koh, Seo-Young Kim, Young-Woo Lim, Young-Bae Park, Hyo-Jin An. Therapeutic effects of Gambi-jung for the treatment of obesity. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2021 Sep; 141(?):111838. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111838. [PMID: 34182414]
  • Arthur Rocha-Gomes, Amanda Escobar Teixeira, Deiviany Santana Santos Lima, Luziane Dos Santos Rocha, Alexandre Alves da Silva, Mayara Rodrigues Lessa, Nísia Av Dessimoni Pinto, Sérgio R Stuckert-Seixas, Tania Regina Riul. Caloric restriction or cafeteria diet from birth to adulthood increases the sensitivity to ephedrine in anxiety and locomotion in Wistar rats. Physiology & behavior. 2021 07; 236(?):113430. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113430. [PMID: 33865851]
  • Haseeb Ahsan, Hafiz Muhammad Irfan, - Alamgeer, Mulazim Husain Asim, Muhammad Shafeeq Ur Rahman, Malik Zahid Imran, Sajid Bashir, Farwa Naqvi, Rizwan Hafeez. Therapeutic appraisal of ephedrine against rheumatoid arthritis: A new indication. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2021 Jul; 34(4(Supplementary)):1549-1554. doi: . [PMID: 34799331]
  • Tadahiro Yahagi, Toshiyuki Atsumi, Shuichirou Mano, Yuna Kikuchi, Yuka Hara, Megumi Furukawa, Zhigang Yang, Keiichi Matsuzaki. Quality evaluation of Pinellia tuber by LC-TOF/MS targeted to ephedrine. Journal of natural medicines. 2021 Jun; 75(3):692-698. doi: 10.1007/s11418-021-01485-2. [PMID: 33517509]
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  • Yanni Lv, Saisai Wang, Peida Liang, Yamin Wang, Xin Zhang, Qianqian Jia, Jia Fu, Shengli Han, Langchong He. Screening and evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 components from Ephedra sinica by ACE2/CMC-HPLC-IT-TOF-MS approach. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. 2021 May; 413(11):2995-3004. doi: 10.1007/s00216-021-03233-7. [PMID: 33608752]
  • Hsin-Yi Hung, Shih-Min Lin, Chia-Ying Li, Sio-Hong Lam, Yu-Yi Chan, Meei-Jen Liou, Po-Chuen Shieh, Fu-An Chen, Ping-Chung Kuo, Tian-Shung Wu. A Rapid and Feasible 1H-NMR Quantification Method of Ephedrine Alkaloids in Ephedra Herbal Preparations. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2021 Mar; 26(6):. doi: 10.3390/molecules26061599. [PMID: 33805790]
  • Nayoung Yun, Hye Jin Kim, Sang Cheol Park, Geonha Park, Min Kyung Kim, Young Hae Choi, Young Pyo Jang. Localization of Major Ephedra Alkaloids in Whole Aerial Parts of Ephedrae Herba Using Direct Analysis in Real Time-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2021 Jan; 26(3):. doi: 10.3390/molecules26030580. [PMID: 33499348]
  • Lukasz Poltorak, Konrad Rudnicki, Viliam Kolivoška, Táňa Sebechlebská, Paweł Krzyczmonik, Sławomira Skrzypek. Electrochemical study of ephedrine at the polarized liquid-liquid interface supported with a 3D printed cell. Journal of hazardous materials. 2021 01; 402(?):123411. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123411. [PMID: 32711385]
  • Hajime Hiyama, Aya Ozawa, Bunsho Makino, Yosuke Yoshioka, Ryo Ohsawa. Stability and Reproducibility of Ephedra sinica Ephedrine Alkaloid Content and Terrestrial Stem Dry Weight. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2021; 44(11):1781-1789. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00599. [PMID: 34719654]
  • Hajime Hiyama, Aya Ozawa, Bunsho Makino, Yosuke Yoshioka, Ryo Ohsawa. Validity of Selection Breeding for High Ephedrine-Alkaloid Content in E. sinica under Different Environments in Japan. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2021; 44(2):287-291. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00765. [PMID: 33518684]
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