TOLRESTAT (BioDeep_00000004726)

   


代谢物信息卡片


TOLRESTAT

化学式: C16H14F3NO3S (357.06464500000004)
中文名称: 托雷斯萘
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 () 0%

分子结构信息

SMILES: CN(CC(=O)O)C(=S)C1=CC=CC2=C1C=CC(=C2C(F)(F)F)OC
InChI: InChI=1S/C16H14F3NO3S/c1-20(8-13(21)22)15(24)11-5-3-4-10-9(11)6-7-12(23-2)14(10)16(17,18)19/h3-7H,8H2,1-2H3,(H,21,22)

描述信息

A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A10 - Drugs used in diabetes > A10X - Other drugs used in diabetes > A10XA - Aldose reductase inhibitors
C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C72880 - Aldose Reductase Inhibitor
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors

同义名列表

1 个代谢物同义名

TOLRESTAT



数据库引用编号

13 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

0 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。



文献列表

  • Yoshifumi Morikawa, Hidetoshi Miyazono, Kyoko Kamase, Koichi Suenami, Yasuhide Sasajima, Kiyohito Sato, Satoshi Endo, Yasunari Monguchi, Yuji Takekoshi, Akira Ikari, Toshiyuki Matsunaga. Protective Effect of Aldo-keto Reductase 1B1 Against Neuronal Cell Damage Elicited by 4'-Fluoro-α-pyrrolidinononanophenone. Neurotoxicity research. 2021 Aug; 39(4):1360-1371. doi: 10.1007/s12640-021-00380-8. [PMID: 34043181]
  • Peng Zhang, Zifeng Zhang, Peter F Kador. Polyol effects on growth factors and MAPK signaling in rat retinal capillary cells. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2014 Feb; 30(1):4-11. doi: 10.1089/jop.2013.0170. [PMID: 24256145]
  • Daniel J Warner, Hongming Chen, Louis-David Cantin, J Gerry Kenna, Simone Stahl, Clare L Walker, Tobias Noeske. Mitigating the inhibition of human bile salt export pump by drugs: opportunities provided by physicochemical property modulation, in silico modeling, and structural modification. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2012 Dec; 40(12):2332-41. doi: 10.1124/dmd.112.047068. [PMID: 22961681]
  • Muthenna Puppala, Jessica Ponder, Palla Suryanarayana, Geereddy Bhanuprakash Reddy, J Mark Petrash, Daniel V LaBarbera. The isolation and characterization of β-glucogallin as a novel aldose reductase inhibitor from Emblica officinalis. PloS one. 2012; 7(4):e31399. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031399. [PMID: 22485126]
  • Elena Vladykovskaya, Evgeny Ozhegov, J David Hoetker, Zhengzhi Xie, Yonis Ahmed, Jill Suttles, Sanjay Srivastava, Aruni Bhatnagar, Oleg A Barski. Reductive metabolism increases the proinflammatory activity of aldehyde phospholipids. Journal of lipid research. 2011 Dec; 52(12):2209-2225. doi: 10.1194/jlr.m013854. [PMID: 21957201]
  • Umesh C S Yadav, Leopoldo Aguilera-Aguirre, Istvan Boldogh, Kota V Ramana, Satish K Srivastava. Aldose reductase deficiency in mice protects from ragweed pollen extract (RWE)-induced allergic asthma. Respiratory research. 2011 Nov; 12(?):145. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-12-145. [PMID: 22054012]
  • H Liu, Y Luo, T Zhang, Y Zhang, Q Wu, L Yuan, S S M Chung, P J Oates, J Y Yang. Genetic deficiency of aldose reductase counteracts the development of diabetic nephropathy in C57BL/6 mice. Diabetologia. 2011 May; 54(5):1242-51. doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2045-4. [PMID: 21267539]
  • Ulrika Sofia Pettersson, Gustaf Christoffersson, Sara Massena, David Ahl, Leif Jansson, Johanna Henriksnäs, Mia Phillipson. Increased recruitment but impaired function of leukocytes during inflammation in mouse models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. PloS one. 2011; 6(7):e22480. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022480. [PMID: 21799868]
  • Joong Kyung Sung, Jang Hyun Koh, Mi Young Lee, Bo Hwan Kim, Soo Min Nam, Jae Hyun Kim, Jin Hee Yoo, So Hee Kim, Sun Won Hong, Eun Young Lee, Ran Choi, Choon Hee Chung. Aldose reductase inhibitor ameliorates renal vascular endothelial growth factor expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Yonsei medical journal. 2010 May; 51(3):385-91. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2010.51.3.385. [PMID: 20376891]
  • Satoshi Endo, Toshiyuki Matsunaga, Midori Soda, Kazuo Tajima, Hi-Tai Zhao, Ossama El-Kabbani, Akira Hara. Selective inhibition of the tumor marker AKR1B10 by antiinflammatory N-phenylanthranilic acids and glycyrrhetic acid. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2010; 33(5):886-90. doi: 10.1248/bpb.33.886. [PMID: 20460771]
  • Satoshi Endo, Toshiyuki Matsunaga, Anna Fujita, Kazuo Tajima, Ossama El-Kabbani, Akira Hara. Rat aldose reductase-like protein (AKR1B14) efficiently reduces the lipid peroxidation product 4-oxo-2-nonenal. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin. 2010; 33(11):1886-90. doi: 10.1248/bpb.33.1886. [PMID: 21048316]
  • Shahid P Baba, Oleg A Barski, Yonis Ahmed, Timothy E O'Toole, Daniel J Conklin, Aruni Bhatnagar, Sanjay Srivastava. Reductive metabolism of AGE precursors: a metabolic route for preventing AGE accumulation in cardiovascular tissue. Diabetes. 2009 Nov; 58(11):2486-97. doi: 10.2337/db09-0375. [PMID: 19651811]
  • Sanjay Srivastava, Elena Vladykovskaya, Oleg A Barski, Matthew Spite, Karin Kaiserova, J Mark Petrash, Stephen S Chung, Greg Hunt, Buddhadeb Dawn, Aruni Bhatnagar. Aldose reductase protects against early atherosclerotic lesion formation in apolipoprotein E-null mice. Circulation research. 2009 Oct; 105(8):793-802. doi: 10.1161/circresaha.109.200568. [PMID: 19729598]
  • Zakayi Kabututu, Michèle Manin, Jean-Christophe Pointud, Toshihiko Maruyama, Nanae Nagata, Sarah Lambert, Anne-Marie Lefrançois-Martinez, Antoine Martinez, Yoshihiro Urade. Prostaglandin F2alpha synthase activities of aldo-keto reductase 1B1, 1B3 and 1B7. Journal of biochemistry. 2009 Feb; 145(2):161-8. doi: 10.1093/jb/mvn152. [PMID: 19010934]
  • Karin Kaiserova, Xian-Liang Tang, Sanjay Srivastava, Aruni Bhatnagar. Role of nitric oxide in regulating aldose reductase activation in the ischemic heart. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2008 Apr; 283(14):9101-12. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m709671200. [PMID: 18223294]
  • L Rebsomen, A Khammar, D Raccah, M Tsimaratos. C-Peptide effects on renal physiology and diabetes. Experimental diabetes research. 2008; 2008(?):281536. doi: 10.1155/2008/281536. [PMID: 18509500]
  • Sanjay Srivastava, Kota V Ramana, Ravinder Tammali, Satish K Srivastava, Aruni Bhatnagar. Contribution of aldose reductase to diabetic hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Diabetes. 2006 Apr; 55(4):901-10. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-0932. [PMID: 16567509]
  • Satish K Srivastava, Kota V Ramana, Aruni Bhatnagar. Role of aldose reductase and oxidative damage in diabetes and the consequent potential for therapeutic options. Endocrine reviews. 2005 May; 26(3):380-92. doi: 10.1210/er.2004-0028. [PMID: 15814847]
  • Federico Da Settimo, Giampaolo Primofiore, Concettina La Motta, Silvia Salerno, Ettore Novellino, Giovanni Greco, Antonio Lavecchia, Sonia Laneri, Enrico Boldrini. Spirohydantoin derivatives of thiopyrano[2,3-b]pyridin-4(4H)-one as potent in vitro and in vivo aldose reductase inhibitors. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry. 2005 Jan; 13(2):491-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.10.019. [PMID: 15598571]
  • Sanjay Srivastava, Matthew Spite, John O Trent, Matthew B West, Yonis Ahmed, Aruni Bhatnagar. Aldose reductase-catalyzed reduction of aldehyde phospholipids. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2004 Dec; 279(51):53395-406. doi: 10.1074/jbc.m403416200. [PMID: 15465833]
  • Won Suck Sun, Yoon Sun Park, Jakyung Yoo, Ki Duk Park, Sung Han Kim, Jung-Han Kim, Hyun-Ju Park. Rational design of an indolebutanoic acid derivative as a novel aldose reductase inhibitor based on docking and 3D QSAR studies of phenethylamine derivatives. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2003 Dec; 46(26):5619-27. doi: 10.1021/jm0205346. [PMID: 14667216]
  • Ioannis Nicolaou, Vassilis J Demopoulos. Substituted pyrrol-1-ylacetic acids that combine aldose reductase enzyme inhibitory activity and ability to prevent the nonenzymatic irreversible modification of proteins from monosaccharides. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2003 Jan; 46(3):417-26. doi: 10.1021/jm0209477. [PMID: 12540241]
  • Ken Shinmura, Roberto Bolli, Si-Qi Liu, Xian-Liang Tang, Eitaro Kodani, Yu-ting Xuan, Sanjay Srivastava, Aruni Bhatnagar. Aldose reductase is an obligatory mediator of the late phase of ischemic preconditioning. Circulation research. 2002 Aug; 91(3):240-6. doi: 10.1161/01.res.0000029970.97247.57. [PMID: 12169650]
  • O Azal, A Yönem, S Güler, B Cakir, A Baydar, A Corakçi, M Kutlu. Effects of aminoguanidine and tolrestat on the development of ocular and renal structural changes in experimental diabetic rats. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism. 2002 Jan; 4(1):75-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00182.x. [PMID: 11874446]
  • S Srivastava, S Q Liu, D J Conklin, A Zacarias, S K Srivastava, A Bhatnagar. Involvement of aldose reductase in the metabolism of atherogenic aldehydes. Chemico-biological interactions. 2001 Jan; 130-132(1-3):563-71. doi: 10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00299-4. [PMID: 11306075]
  • A Bhatnagar, J Ruef, S Liu, S Srivastava, S K Srivastava. Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell growth by aldose reductase. Chemico-biological interactions. 2001 Jan; 130-132(1-3):627-36. doi: 10.1016/s0009-2797(00)00290-8. [PMID: 11306081]
  • J Ruef, S Q Liu, C Bode, M Tocchi, S Srivastava, M S Runge, A Bhatnagar. Involvement of aldose reductase in vascular smooth muscle cell growth and lesion formation after arterial injury. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 2000 Jul; 20(7):1745-52. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.20.7.1745. [PMID: 10894812]
  • X H Wu, X Chen, S L Zhang, L Pang, C To, T T Wang, T C Hohman, J G Filep, J S Chan. Molecular mechanism(s) of insulin action on the expression of the angiotensinogen gene in kidney proximal tubular cells. Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAAS. 2000 Jun; 1(2):166-74. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2000.021. [PMID: 11967809]
  • J W Cruz, M A Oliveira, T C Hohman, Z B Fortes. Influence of tolrestat on the defective leukocyte-endothelial interaction in experimental diabetes. European journal of pharmacology. 2000 Mar; 391(1-2):163-74. doi: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00057-1. [PMID: 10720648]
  • J Kapor-Drezgic, X Zhou, T Babazono, J A Dlugosz, T Hohman, C Whiteside. Effect of high glucose on mesangial cell protein kinase C-delta and -epsilon is polyol pathway-dependent. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN. 1999 Jun; 10(6):1193-203. doi: 10.1681/asn.v1061193. [PMID: 10361857]
  • S L Zhang, J G Filep, T C Hohman, S S Tang, J R Ingelfinger, J S Chan. Molecular mechanisms of glucose action on angiotensinogen gene expression in rat proximal tubular cells. Kidney international. 1999 Feb; 55(2):454-64. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00271.x. [PMID: 9987070]
  • A V McAuliffe, B A Brooks, E J Fisher, L M Molyneaux, D K Yue. Administration of ascorbic acid and an aldose reductase inhibitor (tolrestat) in diabetes: effect on urinary albumin excretion. Nephron. 1998 Nov; 80(3):277-84. doi: 10.1159/000045187. [PMID: 9807036]
  • D Raccah, T Coste, N E Cameron, D Dufayet, P Vague, T C Hohman. Effect of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat on nerve conduction velocity, Na/K ATPase activity, and polyols in red blood cells, sciatic nerve, kidney cortex, and kidney medulla of diabetic rats. Journal of diabetes and its complications. 1998 May; 12(3):154-62. doi: 10.1016/s1056-8727(97)00093-7. [PMID: 9618071]
  • K Chang, Y Ido, W LeJeune, J R Williamson, R G Tilton. Increased sciatic nerve blood flow in diabetic rats: assessment by 'molecular' vs. particulate microspheres. The American journal of physiology. 1997 Jul; 273(1 Pt 1):E164-73. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1997.273.1.e164. [PMID: 9252493]
  • S H Ihm, H J Yoo, S W Park, C J Park. Effect of tolrestat, an aldose reductase inhibitor, on neutrophil respiratory burst activity in diabetic patients. Metabolism: clinical and experimental. 1997 Jun; 46(6):634-8. doi: 10.1016/s0026-0495(97)90005-6. [PMID: 9186297]
  • H G Forster, P M ter Wee, T C Hohman, M Epstein. Impairment of afferent arteriolar myogenic responsiveness in the galactose-fed rat is prevented by tolrestat. Diabetologia. 1996 Aug; 39(8):907-14. doi: 10.1007/bf00403909. [PMID: 8858212]
  • R Fruncillo, S Troy, V Parker, M Mayersohn, D Hicks, M Kraml, M Battle, S Chiang. Pharmacokinetics of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat: studies in healthy young and elderly male and female subjects and in subjects with diabetes. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 1996 Jun; 59(6):603-12. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9236(96)90000-4. [PMID: 8681485]
  • K Matsuura, Y Deyashiki, Y Bunai, I Ohya, A Hara. Aldose reductase is a major reductase for isocaproaldehyde, a product of side-chain cleavage of cholesterol, in human and animal adrenal glands. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics. 1996 Apr; 328(2):265-71. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1996.0172. [PMID: 8645003]
  • S M Donnelly, X P Zhou, J T Huang, C I Whiteside. Prevention of early glomerulopathy with tolrestat in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire. 1996; 74(3):355-62. doi: 10.1139/o96-038. [PMID: 8883841]
  • J M van Griensven, W J Jusko, H H Lemkes, R Kroon, C J Verhorst, S T Chiang, A F Cohen. Tolrestat pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects on red blood cell sorbitol levels in normal volunteers and in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 1995 Dec; 58(6):631-40. doi: 10.1016/0009-9236(95)90019-5. [PMID: 8529328]
  • M S Malamas, T C Hohman, J Millen. Novel spirosuccinimide aldose reductase inhibitors derived from isoquinoline-1,3-diones: 2-[(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-6- fluorospiro[isoquinoline-4(1H),3'-pyrrolidine]-1,2',3,5'(2H)-tetrone and congeners. 1. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 1994 Jun; 37(13):2043-58. doi: 10.1021/jm00039a017. [PMID: 8027986]
  • N A Calcutt, A P Mizisin, M W Kalichman. Aldose reductase inhibition, Doppler flux and conduction in diabetic rat nerve. European journal of pharmacology. 1994 Jan; 251(1):27-33. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(94)90439-1. [PMID: 8137868]
  • R Terranova, S Luca. [Treatment with an aldose reductase inhibitor in peripheral neuropathy in elderly diabetic patients]. Minerva medica. 1993 Sep; 84(9):461-6. doi: NULL. [PMID: 8247317]
  • S Sato, P F Kador. Human kidney aldose and aldehyde reductases. Journal of diabetes and its complications. 1993 Jul; 7(3):179-87. doi: 10.1016/1056-8727(93)90043-x. [PMID: 8343612]
  • N Passariello, J Sepe, G Marrazzo, A De Cicco, A Peluso, M C Pisano, S Sgambato, P Tesauro, F D'Onofrio. Effect of aldose reductase inhibitor (tolrestat) on urinary albumin excretion rate and glomerular filtration rate in IDDM subjects with nephropathy. Diabetes care. 1993 May; 16(5):789-95. doi: 10.2337/diacare.16.5.789. [PMID: 8495620]
  • D R Tomlinson. Aldose reductase inhibitors and the complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association. 1993 Apr; 10(3):214-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.1993.tb00049.x. [PMID: 8485953]
  • R G Tilton, K Chang, K S Hasan, S R Smith, J M Petrash, T P Misko, W M Moore, M G Currie, J A Corbett, M L McDaniel. Prevention of diabetic vascular dysfunction by guanidines. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase versus advanced glycation end-product formation. Diabetes. 1993 Feb; 42(2):221-32. doi: 10.2337/diab.42.2.221. [PMID: 7678825]
  • J Wrobel, A Dietrich, S A Woolson, J Millen, M McCaleb, M C Harrison, T C Hohman, J Sredy, D Sullivan. Novel spirosuccinimides with incorporated isoindolone and benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide moieties as aldose reductase inhibitors and antihyperglycemic agents. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 1992 Nov; 35(24):4613-27. doi: 10.1021/jm00102a016. [PMID: 1469692]
  • S M Troy, D R Hicks, M Kraml, K Conrad, S T Chiang. The effect of renal disease on tolrestat pharmacokinetics. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 1992 Mar; 51(3):271-7. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1992.22. [PMID: 1544287]
  • M L McCaleb, M L McKean, T C Hohman, N Laver, W G Robison. Intervention with the aldose reductase inhibitor, tolrestat, in renal and retinal lesions of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Diabetologia. 1991 Oct; 34(10):695-701. doi: 10.1007/bf00401513. [PMID: 1959701]
  • T Moriyama, A Garcia-Perez, A D Olson, M B Burg. Intracellular betaine substitutes for sorbitol in protecting renal medullary cells from hypertonicity. The American journal of physiology. 1991 Apr; 260(4 Pt 2):F494-7. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.1991.260.4.f494. [PMID: 1901456]
  • B L Mylari, T A Beyer, T W Siegel. A highly specific aldose reductase inhibitor, ethyl 1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-2(5H)-oxopyrrole-4-carboxylate, and its congeners. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 1991 Mar; 34(3):1011-8. doi: 10.1021/jm00107a020. [PMID: 1900532]
  • B L Mylari, E R Larson, T A Beyer, W J Zembrowski, C E Aldinger, M F Dee, T W Siegel, D H Singleton. Novel, potent aldose reductase inhibitors: 3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-benzothiazolyl] methyl]-1-phthalazineacetic acid (zopolrestat) and congeners. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 1991 Jan; 34(1):108-22. doi: 10.1021/jm00105a018. [PMID: 1899452]
  • T C Hohman, D Carper, S Dasgupta, M Kaneko. Osmotic stress induces aldose reductase in glomerular endothelial cells. Advances in experimental medicine and biology. 1991; 284(?):139-52. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5901-2_17. [PMID: 1711272]
  • J R Williamson, E Ostrow, D Eades, K Chang, W Allison, C Kilo, W R Sherman. Glucose-induced microvascular functional changes in nondiabetic rats are stereospecific and are prevented by an aldose reductase inhibitor. The Journal of clinical investigation. 1990 Apr; 85(4):1167-72. doi: 10.1172/jci114549. [PMID: 2108189]
  • A Bhatnagar, S Q Liu, B Das, N H Ansari, S K Srivastava. Inhibition kinetics of human kidney aldose and aldehyde reductases by aldose reductase inhibitors. Biochemical pharmacology. 1990 Mar; 39(6):1115-24. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(90)90292-s. [PMID: 2157439]
  • P H Yancey, M B Burg, S M Bagnasco. Effects of NaCl, glucose, and aldose reductase inhibitors on cloning efficiency of renal medullary cells. The American journal of physiology. 1990 Jan; 258(1 Pt 1):C156-63. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.1990.258.1.c156. [PMID: 2105652]
  • W G Robison, M Nagata, T N Tillis, N Laver, J H Kinoshita. Aldose reductase and pericyte-endothelial cell contacts in retina and optic nerve. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. 1989 Nov; 30(11):2293-9. doi: . [PMID: 2509396]
  • R G Tilton, K Chang, G Pugliese, D M Eades, M A Province, W R Sherman, C Kilo, J R Williamson. Prevention of hemodynamic and vascular albumin filtration changes in diabetic rats by aldose reductase inhibitors. Diabetes. 1989 Oct; 38(10):1258-70. doi: 10.2337/diab.38.10.1258. [PMID: 2507378]
  • R B Gunn, H B Gunn. Inhibition of erythrocyte anion exchange by tolrestat, an inhibitor of aldose reductase. Metabolism: clinical and experimental. 1989 Aug; 38(8):801-4. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(89)90070-x. [PMID: 2503683]
  • N Bank, M Coco, H S Aynedjian. Galactose feeding causes glomerular hyperperfusion: prevention by aldose reductase inhibition. The American journal of physiology. 1989 Jun; 256(6 Pt 2):F994-9. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.1989.256.6.f994. [PMID: 2500030]
  • D K Yue, S McLennan, E Fisher, S Heffernan, C Capogreco, G R Ross, J R Turtle. Ascorbic acid metabolism and polyol pathway in diabetes. Diabetes. 1989 Feb; 38(2):257-61. doi: 10.2337/diab.38.2.257. [PMID: 2492477]
  • S McLennan, D K Yue, E Fisher, C Capogreco, S Heffernan, G R Ross, J R Turtle. Deficiency of ascorbic acid in experimental diabetes. Relationship with collagen and polyol pathway abnormalities. Diabetes. 1988 Mar; 37(3):359-61. doi: 10.2337/diab.37.3.359. [PMID: 2836250]
  • M L McCaleb, J Sredy, J Millen, D M Ackerman, D Dvornik. Prevention of urinary albumin excretion in 6 month streptozocin-diabetic rats with the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat. The Journal of diabetic complications. 1988 Jan; 2(1):16-8. doi: 10.1016/0891-6632(88)90020-7. [PMID: 2968349]
  • G Bellomo, J P Comstock, D Wen, R L Hazelwood. Prolonged fructose feeding and aldose reductase inhibition: effect on the polyol pathway in kidneys of normal rats. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 1987 Dec; 186(3):348-54. doi: 10.3181/00379727-186-42624. [PMID: 3122222]
  • K Chang, M Tomlinson, J R Jeffrey, R G Tilton, W R Sherman, K E Ackermann, R A Berger, T J Cicero, C Kilo, J R Williamson. Galactose ingestion increases vascular permeability and collagen solubility in normal male rats. The Journal of clinical investigation. 1987 Feb; 79(2):367-73. doi: 10.1172/jci112821. [PMID: 3100575]
  • P Raskin, J Rosenstock, P Challis, S Ryder, J F Mullane, R Gonzalez, D Hicks, T Smith, D Dvornik. Effect of tolrestat on red blood cell sorbitol levels in patients with diabetes. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 1985 Dec; 38(6):625-30. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1985.236. [PMID: 4064465]
  • M N Cayen, D R Hicks, E S Ferdinandi, M Kraml, E Greselin, D Dvornik. Metabolic disposition and pharmacokinetics of the aldose reductase inhibitor tolrestat in rats, dogs, and monkeys. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 1985 Jul; 13(4):412-9. doi: . [PMID: 2863103]
  • D R Hicks, M Kraml, M N Cayen, J Dubuc, S Ryder, D Dvornik. Tolrestat kinetics. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 1984 Oct; 36(4):493-9. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1984.209. [PMID: 6478735]
  • D R Hicks, M Kraml. Determination of tolrestat, a novel aldose reductase inhibitor, in serum and tissues. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 1984; 6(3):328-33. doi: 10.1097/00007691-198409000-00013. [PMID: 6438835]