NCBI Taxonomy: 8384

Bufo bufo (ncbi_taxid: 8384)

found 115 associated metabolites at species taxonomy rank level.

Ancestor: Bufo

Child Taxonomies: none taxonomy data.

Bufalin

5-[(3S,5R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,17R)-3,14-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pyran-2-one

C24H34O4 (386.24569640000004)


Bufalin is a cardiotonic steroid toxin[1] originally isolated from Chinese toad venom, which is a component of some traditional Chinese medicines.[2][3] Bufalin has in vitro antitumor effects against various malignant cell lines, including hepatocellular[4] and lung carcinoma.[5] However, as with other bufadienolides, its potential use is hampered by its cardiotoxicity.[6] Bufalin is a 14beta-hydroxy steroid that is bufan-20,22-dienolide having hydroxy substituents at the 5beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo bufo. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, a cardiotonic drug, an anti-inflammatory agent and an animal metabolite. It is a 3beta-hydroxy steroid and a 14beta-hydroxy steroid. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Bufalin is a natural product found in Cunninghamella blakesleeana, Bufo gargarizans, and other organisms with data available. Bufalin is an active ingredient and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu; it is also a bufadienolide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the Chinese toad Bufo gargarizans, with potential cardiotonic and antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action of bufalin is still under investigation, this agent is a specific Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor and can induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines through the activation of the transcription factor AP-1 via a mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. A 14beta-hydroxy steroid that is bufan-20,22-dienolide having hydroxy substituents at the 5beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo bufo. Bufalin is an active component isolated from Chan Su, acts as a potent Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, binds to the subunit α1, α2 and α3, with Kd of 42.5, 45 and 40 nM, respectively[1][2]. Anti-cancer activity[2]. Bufalin is an active component isolated from Chan Su, acts as a potent Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, binds to the subunit α1, α2 and α3, with Kd of 42.5, 45 and 40 nM, respectively[1][2]. Anti-cancer activity[2].

   

Arenobufagin

5-[(3S,5R,8R,9S,10S,11S,13R,14S,17R)-3,11,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-12-oxo-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pyran-2-one

C24H32O6 (416.2198772)


Arenobufagin is a natural product found in Bufo gargarizans, Bufotes viridis, and other organisms with data available. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides Arenobufagin is a natural bufadienolide from toad venom; has potent antineoplastic activity against HCC HepG2 cells as well as corresponding multidrug-resistant HepG2/ADM cells. IC50 value: Target: in vitro: arenobufagin induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in HCC cells, with decreasing mitochondrial potential, as well as increasing Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio, Bax translocation from cytosol to mitochondria. Arenobufagin also induced autophagy in HepG2/ADM cells. Autophagy-specific inhibitors (3-methyladenine, chloroquine and bafilomycin A1) or Beclin1 and Atg 5 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) enhanced arenobufagin-induced apoptosis, indicating that arenobufagin-mediated autophagy may protect HepG2/ADM cells from undergoing apoptotic cell death [1]. arenobufagin inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced viability, migration, invasion and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro [2]. Arenobufagin blocked the Na+/K+ pump current in a dose-dependent manner with a half-maximal concentration of 0.29 microM and a Hill coefficient of 1.1 [3]. in vivo: arenobufagin inhibited the growth of HepG2/ADM xenograft tumors, which were associated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, light chain 3-II activation and mTOR inhibition [1]. Arenobufagin also suppressed sprouting formation from VEGF-treated aortic rings in an ex vivo model [2]. Arenobufagin is a natural bufadienolide from toad venom; has potent antineoplastic activity against HCC HepG2 cells as well as corresponding multidrug-resistant HepG2/ADM cells. IC50 value: Target: in vitro: arenobufagin induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in HCC cells, with decreasing mitochondrial potential, as well as increasing Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio, Bax translocation from cytosol to mitochondria. Arenobufagin also induced autophagy in HepG2/ADM cells. Autophagy-specific inhibitors (3-methyladenine, chloroquine and bafilomycin A1) or Beclin1 and Atg 5 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) enhanced arenobufagin-induced apoptosis, indicating that arenobufagin-mediated autophagy may protect HepG2/ADM cells from undergoing apoptotic cell death [1]. arenobufagin inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced viability, migration, invasion and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro [2]. Arenobufagin blocked the Na+/K+ pump current in a dose-dependent manner with a half-maximal concentration of 0.29 microM and a Hill coefficient of 1.1 [3]. in vivo: arenobufagin inhibited the growth of HepG2/ADM xenograft tumors, which were associated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, light chain 3-II activation and mTOR inhibition [1]. Arenobufagin also suppressed sprouting formation from VEGF-treated aortic rings in an ex vivo model [2].

   

Bufotalin

[(3S,5R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,16S,17R)-3,14-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-16-yl] acetate

C26H36O6 (444.2511756)


Bufotalin is a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Bufotalin is a natural product found in Bufo gargarizans, Duttaphrynus melanostictus Bufotalin is a cardiotoxic bufanolide steroid, cardiac glycoside analogue, secreted by a number of toad species.[2][3] Bufotalin can be extracted from the skin parotoid glands of several types of toad. Rhinella marina (Cane toad), Rhaebo guttatus (Smooth-sided toad), Bufo melanostictus (Asian toad), and Bufo bufo (common European toad) are sources of bufotalin. Traditional medicine Bufotalin is part of Ch'an Su, a traditional Chinese medicine used for cancer. It is also known as Venenum Bufonis or senso (Japanese).[5] Toxicity Specifically, in cats the lethal median dose is 0.13 mg/kg.[1] and in dogs is 0.36 mg/kg (intravenous).[6] Knowing this it is advisable to monitor those functions continuously using an EKG. As there is no antidote against bufotalin all occurring symptoms need to be treated separately or if possible in combination with others. To increase the clearance theoretically, due to the similarities with digitoxin, cholestyramine, a bile salt, might help.[6] Recent animal studies have shown that taurine restores cardiac functions.[7] Symptomatic measures include lignocaine, atropine and phenytoin for cardiac toxicity and intravenous potassium compounds to correct hyperkalaemia from its effect on the Na+/K+ ATPase pump.[6] Pharmacology and mechanism of action After a single intravenous injection, bufotalin gets quickly distributed and eliminated from the blood plasma with a half-time of 28.6 minutes and a MRT of 14.7 min. After 30 minutes after an administration of bufotalin, the concentrations within the brain and lungs are significantly higher than those in blood and other tissues.[8] It also increases cancer cell's susceptibility to apoptosis via TNF-α signalling by the BH3 interacting domain death agonist and STAT proteins.[9] Bufotalin induces apoptosis in vitro in human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep 3B cells and might involve caspases and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF).[10] The use of bufotalin as a cancer treating compound is still in the experimental phase. It also arrests cell cycle at G(2)/M, by up- and down- regulation of several enzymes. Bufotalin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=471-95-4 (retrieved 2024-06-29) (CAS RN: 471-95-4). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation[1][2]. Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation[1][2].

   

Gamabufogenin

5-[(3S,5R,8R,9S,10S,11R,13R,14S,17R)-3,11,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pyran-2-one

C24H34O5 (402.24061140000003)


Gamabufogenin is a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Gamabufotalin is a natural product found in Bufotes viridis, Bufo, and other organisms with data available. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides Gamabufotalin (Gamabufagin), a main active compound isolated from Chinese medicine Chansu, has been shown to strongly inhibit cancer cell growth and inflammatory response. Gamabufotalin could inhibite angiogenesis by inhibiting the activation of VEGFR-2 signaling pathways. Gamabufotalin (Gamabufagin), a main active compound isolated from Chinese medicine Chansu, has been shown to strongly inhibit cancer cell growth and inflammatory response. Gamabufotalin could inhibite angiogenesis by inhibiting the activation of VEGFR-2 signaling pathways.

   

Cinobufagin

[(1R,2S,4R,5R,6R,7R,10S,11S,14S,16R)-14-hydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.02,4.02,7.011,16]octadecan-5-yl] acetate

C26H34O6 (442.2355264)


Cinobufagin is a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Cinobufagin is a natural product found in Bufo gargarizans, Phrynoidis asper, and other organisms with data available. Cinobufagin is a bufadienolide compound extracted from the dried venom secreted by the parotid glands of toads and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action of cinobufagin is still under investigation, it has been found to suppress cancer cell proliferation and cause apoptosis in cancer cells via a sequence of apoptotic modulators that include mitochondrial Bax and cytosolic chromosome c, and caspases 3, 8, and 9. Possible upstream mediators of cinobufagin-induced apoptosis include Fas and p53. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C129839 - Apoptotic Pathway-targeting Antineoplastic Agent D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides Annotation level-1 Cinobufagin is an anticancer agent that can be secreted by the Asiatic toad Bufo gargarizans. Cinobufagin induces the cell cycle arrests in the G1 phase or G2/M phase, leading to apoptosis in cancer cells. Cinobufagin inhibits tumor growth in melanoma and glioblastoma multiforme xenograft mouse models[1][2][3]. Cinobufagin is an anticancer agent that can be secreted by the Asiatic toad Bufo gargarizans. Cinobufagin induces the cell cycle arrests in the G1 phase or G2/M phase, leading to apoptosis in cancer cells. Cinobufagin inhibits tumor growth in melanoma and glioblastoma multiforme xenograft mouse models[1][2][3].

   

Telobufotoxin

5-[(3S,5S,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-3,5,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pyran-2-one

C24H34O5 (402.24061140000003)


Telocinobufagin is a steroid lactone. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Telocinobufagin is a natural product found in Bufo gargarizans, Bufo bufo, and other organisms with data available. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides Telocinobufagin is one of anti-hepatoma constituent in Venenum Bufonis. Telocinobufagin is one of anti-hepatoma constituent in Venenum Bufonis.

   

Serotonin

3-(b-Aminoethyl)-5-hydroxyindole

C10H12N2O (176.0949582)


Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a molecule that belongs to the class of compounds known as indoleamines. An indoleamine consists of an indole ring that bears an amino group or an alkyl amino group attached to the indole ring. Serotonin has an aminoethyl at position 2 and a hydroxyl group at position 5 of the indole ring. Serotonin exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. In mammals, serotonin functions as a monoamine neurotransmitter, a biochemical messenger and regulator. It is synthesized from the essential amino acid L-Tryptophan. Approximately 90\\\\% of the human bodys total serotonin is located in the enterochromaffin cells in the GI tract, where it regulates intestinal movements. About 8\\\\% is found in platelets and 1–2\\\\% in the CNS. Serotonin in the nervous system acts as a local transmitter at synapses, and as a paracrine or hormonal modulator of circuits upon diffusion, allowing a wide variety of "state-dependent" behavioral responses to different stimuli. Serotonin is widely distributed in the nervous system of vertebrates and invertebrates and some of its behavioral effects have been preserved along evolution. Such is the case of aggressive behavior and rhythmic motor patterns, including those responsible for feeding. In vertebrates, which display a wider and much more sophisticated behavioral repertoire, serotonin also modulates sleep, the arousal state, sexual behavior, and others. Deficiencies of the serotonergic system causes disorders such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobias, posttraumatic stress disorder, epilepsy, and generalized anxiety disorder. Serotonin has three different modes of action in the nervous system: as transmitter, acting locally at synaptic boutons; upon diffusion at a distance from its release sites, producing paracrine (also called volume) effects, and by circulating in the blood stream, producing hormonal effects. The three modes can affect a single neuronal circuit. (PMID: 16047543). Serotonin is also a microbial metabolite that can be found in the feces and urine of mammals. Urinary serotonin is produced by Candida, Streptococcus, Escherichia, and Enterococcus (PMID: 24621061). In plants, serotonin was first found and reported in a legume called Mucuna pruriens. The greatest concentration of serotonin in plants has been found in walnuts and hickory. In pineapples, banana, kiwi fruit, plums and tomatoes the concentration of serotonin is around 3 to 30 mg/kg. Isolated from bananas and other fruitsand is also from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) [DFC]. Serotonin is found in many foods, some of which are common pea, eggplant, swiss chard, and dill. Serotonin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=50-67-9 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 50-67-9). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

   

Bufotenin

3-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl)-1H-indol-5-ol (acd/name 4.0)

C12H16N2O (204.12625659999998)


A hallucinogenic serotonin analog found in frog or toad skins, mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals, especially in the brains, plasma, and urine of schizophrenics. Bufotenin has been used as a tool in CNS studies and misused as a psychedelic. Bufotenin (5-OH-DMT), is a tryptamine related to the neurotransmitter serotonin. It is an alkaloid found in the skin of some species of toads; in mushrooms, higher plants, and mammals. Bufotenin is a chemical constituent in the venom and eggs of several species of toads belonging to the Bufo genus, but most notably in the Colorado River toad (Bufo alvarius) as it is the only toad species in which bufotenin is present in large enough quantities for a psychoactive effect. Extracts of toad venom, containing bufotenin and other bioactive compounds, have been used in some traditional medicines (probably derived from Bufo gargarizans), which has been used medicinally for centuries in China. Bufotenin is a constituent of the seeds of Anadenanthera colubrina and Anadenanthera peregrina trees. Anadenanthera seeds have been used as an ingredient in psychedelic snuff preparations by indigenous cultures of the Caribbean, Central and South America. D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D012702 - Serotonin Antagonists D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D006213 - Hallucinogens D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014688 - Venoms

   

Bufogein

5-[(1R,2S,4R,6R,7R,10S,11S,14S,16R)-14-hydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0(2),?.0(2),?.0(1)(1),(1)?]octadecan-6-yl]-2H-pyran-2-one

C24H32O4 (384.2300472)


Bufogenin is a steroid lactone of Chan su (toad venom), a Chinese medicine obtained from the skin venom gland of toads. A specific Na/K-ATPase protein inhibitor, it is used as a cardiotonic and central nervous system (CNS) respiratory agent, an analgesic and anesthetic, and as a remedy for ulcers. It has a role as an EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor. It is a steroid lactone and an epoxy steroid. It is functionally related to a bufanolide. Resibufogenin is a natural product found in Sclerophrys mauritanica, Bufo gargarizans, and other organisms with data available. Bufogenin is a bufadienolide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the Chinese toad Bufo gargarizans; it is also one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu, with potential cardiotonic activity. Although the mechanism of action of bufogenin is still under investigation, this agent is a specific Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor and has been shown to reduce blood pressure in a rat model of preeclampsia. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor Resibufogenin is a component of cinobufogenin and has the function of inhibiting oxidative stress and tumor regeneration. Resibufogenin is a component of cinobufogenin and has the function of inhibiting oxidative stress and tumor regeneration.

   

N-Methylserotonin

3-[2-(Methylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-5-ol

C11H14N2O (190.1106074)


N-methylserotonin is a product of the serotonin-degradative pathway, found in urine specimens of patients with psychiatric disorders (PubMed ID 8747157 ).

   

Cinobufotalin

(1R,2R,2aR,3aS,3bR,5aS,7S,9aR,9bS,11aR)-5a,7-dihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(2-oxo-2H-pyran-5-yl)hexadecahydronaphtho[1,2:6,7]indeno[1,7a-b]oxiren-2-yl acetate

C26H34O7 (458.2304414)


Cinobufotalin is a natural product found in Bufo and Bufo bufo with data available. Cinobufotalin is a bufadienolide isolated from toad venom and utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for its cardiotonic, diuretic and hemostatic effects, with potential cytotoxic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration and although the exact mechanism of action(s) (MoAs) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully discovered, cinobufotalin causes DNA fragmentation, decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), increases intracellular calcium (Ca2+) ion concentrations and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, upregulates Fas protein and activates cytochrome C, various caspases, Bid and Bax. This causes cell cycle arrest, induces apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell growth and survival. In addition, cinobufotalin inhibits the activity of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and induces pro-apoptotic ceramide production, which further promotes tumor cell apoptosis. Cinobufotalin also induces mitochondrial protein cyclophilin D (Cyp-D)-dependent opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), which may contribute to cinobufotalin-induced non-apoptotic death of certain tumor cells. D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides Cinobufotalin is a cardiotonic steroids or bufadienolides, is extracted from the skin secretions of the giant toads. Cinobufotalin has been used as a cardiotonic, diuretic and a hemostatic agent, Cinobufotalin is also a potential anti-lung cancer agent[1].

   

Hellebrigenin

3beta,5beta,14beta-Trihydroxy-19-oxo-bufa-20,22-dienolide 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside

C24H32O6 (416.2198772)


D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides

   

Marinobufagin

3-.beta.,5-Dihydroxy-14,15-.beta.-epoxy-5-.beta.-bufa-20,22-dienolide

C24H32O5 (400.2249622)


D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors

   

Arenobufagin

5-{5,11,17-trihydroxy-2,15-dimethyl-16-oxotetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadecan-14-yl}-2H-pyran-2-one

C24H32O6 (416.2198772)


   

bufalin

5-{5,11-dihydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadecan-14-yl}-2H-pyran-2-one

C24H34O4 (386.24569640000004)


   

Bufogenin

5-{14-hydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-6-yl}-2H-pyran-2-one

C24H32O4 (384.2300472)


D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents

   

Cinobufotalin

14,16-dihydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-6-(2-oxo-2H-pyran-5-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-5-yl acetate

C26H34O7 (458.2304414)


Cinobufotalin is a cardiotonic steroids or bufadienolides, is extracted from the skin secretions of the giant toads. Cinobufotalin has been used as a cardiotonic, diuretic and a hemostatic agent, Cinobufotalin is also a potential anti-lung cancer agent[1].

   

Serotonin

5-Hydroxytryptamine

C10H12N2O (176.09495819999998)


D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D017366 - Serotonin Receptor Agonists

   

Tenuifolin

(2S,3R,4S,4aR,6aR,6bR,8aS,12aS,14aR,14bR)-2-hydroxy-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4,8a-dicarboxylic acid

C36H56O12 (680.3771576)


Tenuifolin is a natural product found in Polygala comosa, Muraltia spinosa, and other organisms with data available. Tenuifolin is a triterpene isolated from Polygala tenuifolia?Willd, has neuroprotective effects. Tenuifolin reduces Aβ secretion by inhibiting β-secretase. Tenuifolin improves learning and memory in aged mice by decreasing AChE activity and has the potential for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment[1]. Tenuifolin is a triterpene isolated from Polygala tenuifolia?Willd, has neuroprotective effects. Tenuifolin reduces Aβ secretion by inhibiting β-secretase. Tenuifolin improves learning and memory in aged mice by decreasing AChE activity and has the potential for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatment[1].

   

N-Methylserotonin

N-Methylserotonin

C11H14N2O (190.1106074)


A member of the class of tryptamines that is serotonin in which one of the hydrogens attached to the primary amino group is replaced by a methyl group. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.054 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.053

   

14,15beta-Epoxy-3beta,5-dihydroxy-19-oxo-5beta,14beta-bufa-20,22-dienolid|14,15beta-epoxy-3beta,5-dihydroxy-19-oxo-5beta,14beta-bufa-20,22-dienolide|bufotalinin

14,15beta-Epoxy-3beta,5-dihydroxy-19-oxo-5beta,14beta-bufa-20,22-dienolid|14,15beta-epoxy-3beta,5-dihydroxy-19-oxo-5beta,14beta-bufa-20,22-dienolide|bufotalinin

C24H30O6 (414.204228)


   

Bufarenogin

11-oxo-3beta,12beta,14beta-trihydroxy-5beta-bufa-20,22-dienolide

C24H32O6 (416.2198772)


   
   
   

Resibufogenin

Resibufogenin

C24H32O4 (384.2300472)


Annotation level-1 Resibufogenin is a component of cinobufogenin and has the function of inhibiting oxidative stress and tumor regeneration. Resibufogenin is a component of cinobufogenin and has the function of inhibiting oxidative stress and tumor regeneration.

   

Serotonin

5-Hydroxytryptamine

C10H12N2O (176.09495819999998)


D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D017366 - Serotonin Receptor Agonists A primary amino compound that is the 5-hydroxy derivative of tryptamine. MS2 deconvoluted using MS2Dec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; QZAYGJVTTNCVMB_STSL_0135_Serotonin_8000fmol_180506_S2_LC02_MS02_147; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. MS2 deconvoluted using CorrDec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.054 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.053

   

ST 24:5;O5

3beta-16beta-dihydroxy-14beta,15beta-epoxy-5beta-bufa-20,22-dienolide

C24H32O5 (400.2249622)


   

5-HTA

5-22-12-00016 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)

C10H12N2O (176.09495819999998)


D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D017366 - Serotonin Receptor Agonists

   

bufotenin

Bufotenine

C12H16N2O (204.12625659999998)


A tertiary amine that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 5. D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D012702 - Serotonin Antagonists D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D006213 - Hallucinogens D009676 - Noxae > D011042 - Poisons > D014688 - Venoms

   

Marinobufogenin

Marinobufogenin

C24H32O5 (400.2249622)


D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002301 - Cardiac Glycosides D020011 - Protective Agents > D002316 - Cardiotonic Agents > D002018 - Bufanolides D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors

   

(2s)-2-[(8-{[(1r,2s,4r,5r,6r,7r,10s,11r,14s,16s)-5-(acetyloxy)-16-hydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-8-oxooctylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

(2s)-2-[(8-{[(1r,2s,4r,5r,6r,7r,10s,11r,14s,16s)-5-(acetyloxy)-16-hydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-8-oxooctylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

C40H58N4O11 (770.4101878)


   

2-[(8-{[5-(acetyloxy)-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-8-oxooctylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

2-[(8-{[5-(acetyloxy)-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-8-oxooctylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

C40H58N4O10 (754.4152728)


   

(2s)-2-[(8-{[(1r,3as,3br,5ar,7s,9as,9bs,10r,11ar)-3a,10-dihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-8-oxooctylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

(2s)-2-[(8-{[(1r,3as,3br,5ar,7s,9as,9bs,10r,11ar)-3a,10-dihydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-8-oxooctylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

C38H58N4O9 (714.4203578)


   

(2s)-2-[(4-{[(1r,2s,4r,5r,6r,7r,10s,11s,14s,16r)-5-(acetyloxy)-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-4-oxobutylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

(2s)-2-[(4-{[(1r,2s,4r,5r,6r,7r,10s,11s,14s,16r)-5-(acetyloxy)-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-4-oxobutylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

C36H50N4O10 (698.3526760000001)


   

2-[(4-{[2-(acetyloxy)-3a-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-4-oxobutylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

2-[(4-{[2-(acetyloxy)-3a-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-1-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-4-oxobutylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

C36H52N4O10 (700.3683252000001)


   

2-[(9-{[5-(acetyloxy)-16-hydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-9-oxononylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

2-[(9-{[5-(acetyloxy)-16-hydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-1-hydroxy-9-oxononylidene)amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoic acid

C41H60N4O11 (784.425837)


   

4-{[(1r,2s,4r,5r,6r,7r,10s,11s,14s,16r)-5-hydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-4-oxobutanoic acid

4-{[(1r,2s,4r,5r,6r,7r,10s,11s,14s,16r)-5-hydroxy-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-4-oxobutanoic acid

C28H36O8 (500.2410056)


   

4-{[(1r,2s,4r,5r,6r,7r,10s,11s,14s,16r)-5-(acetyloxy)-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-4-oxobutanoic acid

4-{[(1r,2s,4r,5r,6r,7r,10s,11s,14s,16r)-5-(acetyloxy)-7,11-dimethyl-6-(6-oxopyran-3-yl)-3-oxapentacyclo[8.8.0.0²,⁴.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁶]octadecan-14-yl]oxy}-4-oxobutanoic acid

C30H38O9 (542.2515698)