Procyclidine (BioDeep_00000002061)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00001867862

human metabolite blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs


代谢物信息卡片


1-cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol

化学式: C19H29NO (287.2249)
中文名称: 环苯咯丙醇, 前环素
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 27.43%

分子结构信息

SMILES: c1ccc(cc1)C(CCN1CCCC1)(C1CCCCC1)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C19H29NO/c21-19(17-9-3-1-4-10-17,18-11-5-2-6-12-18)13-16-20-14-7-8-15-20/h1,3-4,9-10,18,21H,2,5-8,11-16H2

描述信息

Procyclidine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism. [PubChem]The mechanism of action is unknown. It is thought that Procyclidine acts by blocking central cholinergic receptors, and thus balancing cholinergic and dopaminergic activity in the basal ganglia. Many of its effects are due to its pharmacologic similarities with atropine. Procyclidine exerts an antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle, and may produce mydriasis and reduction in salivation.
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018726 - Anti-Dyskinesia Agents > D000978 - Antiparkinson Agents
N - Nervous system > N04 - Anti-parkinson drugs > N04A - Anticholinergic agents > N04AA - Tertiary amines
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66880 - Anticholinergic Agent > C29704 - Antimuscarinic Agent
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists

同义名列表

24 个代谢物同义名

1-cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol; GlaxoSmithKline brand OF procyclidine hydrochloride; Glaxo wellcome brand OF procyclidine hydrochloride; 1-Cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrrolidino-1-propanol; 1-Pyrrolidinepropanol, a-cyclohexyl-a-phenyl-; Rosemont brand OF procyclidine hydrochloride; Wellcome brand OF procyclidine hydrochloride; Monarch brand OF procyclidine hydrochloride; Opus brand OF procyclidine hydrochloride; ICN brand OF procyclidine hydrochloride; Hydrochloride, procyclidine; Procyclidine hydrochloride; Procyclidinum; Prociclidina; procyclidine; Tricyclamol; Procyclid; Arpicolin; Osnervan; Kemadren; Kemadrin; Mucinil; Procyclidine; Procyclidine



数据库引用编号

18 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

1 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 5 CA1, CA3, GRM5, PCNT, SRY
Peripheral membrane protein 1 ACHE
Nucleus 3 ACHE, KRT76, SRY
cytosol 5 CA1, CA3, GHR, KRT76, PCNT
dendrite 2 GRM2, GRM5
centrosome 1 PCNT
nucleoplasm 1 SRY
Cell membrane 5 ACHE, GHR, GRM2, GRM3, GRM5
Multi-pass membrane protein 4 GRM2, GRM3, GRM5, MT-CYB
Synapse 2 ACHE, GRM2
cell surface 2 ACHE, GHR
dendritic shaft 1 GRM5
glutamatergic synapse 3 GRM2, GRM3, GRM5
Golgi apparatus 1 ACHE
mitochondrial inner membrane 1 MT-CYB
neuromuscular junction 1 ACHE
neuronal cell body 2 GHR, GRM5
postsynapse 1 GRM5
presynaptic membrane 2 GRM2, GRM3
plasma membrane 6 ACHE, BCHE, GHR, GRM2, GRM3, GRM5
Membrane 7 ACHE, GHR, GRM2, GRM3, GRM5, MT-CYB, PCNT
axon 2 GRM2, GRM3
extracellular exosome 2 CA1, KRT76
extracellular space 6 ACHE, BCHE, CXCL8, GHR, IL10, RBP3
perinuclear region of cytoplasm 1 ACHE
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse 1 GRM5
mitochondrion 1 MT-CYB
postsynaptic density 1 GRM3
Single-pass type I membrane protein 1 GHR
Secreted 5 ACHE, BCHE, CXCL8, GHR, IL10
extracellular region 6 ACHE, BCHE, CXCL8, GHR, IL10, RBP3
Extracellular side 1 ACHE
centriolar satellite 1 PCNT
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome 1 PCNT
external side of plasma membrane 1 GHR
Extracellular vesicle 1 RBP3
dendritic spine 2 GRM3, GRM5
postsynaptic membrane 2 GRM2, GRM3
Mitochondrion inner membrane 1 MT-CYB
microtubule 1 PCNT
basement membrane 1 ACHE
intermediate filament 1 KRT76
nuclear speck 1 SRY
receptor complex 1 GHR
chromatin 1 SRY
centriole 1 PCNT
cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule 1 GHR
blood microparticle 1 BCHE
Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor 1 ACHE
[Isoform 2]: Cell membrane 1 GHR
Cell projection, dendrite 1 GRM2
Nucleus speckle 1 SRY
side of membrane 1 ACHE
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 1 BCHE
postsynaptic density membrane 1 GRM5
nuclear envelope lumen 1 BCHE
respiratory chain complex III 1 MT-CYB
synaptic cleft 1 ACHE
keratin filament 1 KRT76
astrocyte projection 3 GRM2, GRM3, GRM5
growth hormone receptor complex 1 GHR
cone matrix sheath 1 RBP3
[Growth hormone-binding protein]: Secreted 1 GHR
[Isoform H]: Cell membrane 1 ACHE


文献列表

  • Helen Elizabeth Mackey, Oliver Hawksley. Dystonia not dystopia: effects of the legal high, 'Clockwork Orange'. BMJ case reports. 2015 Dec; 2015(?):. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-212934. [PMID: 26660763]
  • Yasuto Kido, Pär Matsson, Kathleen M Giacomini. Profiling of a prescription drug library for potential renal drug-drug interactions mediated by the organic cation transporter 2. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2011 Jul; 54(13):4548-58. doi: 10.1021/jm2001629. [PMID: 21599003]
  • Babiker El-Haj, Abdulkader Al-Amri, Heyam Saad Ali. Target urinary analytes for the gas chromatographic- mass spectrometric detection of procyclidine and benzhexol in drug abuse cases. Journal of analytical toxicology. 2011 Mar; 35(2):92-8. doi: 10.1093/anatox/35.2.92. [PMID: 21396228]
  • Sunhee Shin, Seong Soo Joo, Dongsun Park, Jeong Hee Jeon, Tae Kyun Kim, Jeong Seon Kim, Sung Kyeong Park, Bang Yeon Hwang, Yun-Bae Kim. Ethanol extract of Angelica gigas inhibits croton oil-induced inflammation by suppressing the cyclooxygenase - prostaglandin pathway. Journal of veterinary science. 2010 Mar; 11(1):43-50. doi: 10.4142/jvs.2010.11.1.43. [PMID: 20195064]
  • R Miller. Mechanisms of action of antipsychotic drugs of different classes, refractoriness to therapeutic effects of classical neuroleptics, and individual variation in sensitivity to their actions: Part II. Current neuropharmacology. 2009 Dec; 7(4):315-30. doi: 10.2174/157015909790031184. [PMID: 20514211]
  • R Scott Obach, Franco Lombardo, Nigel J Waters. Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2008 Jul; 36(7):1385-405. doi: 10.1124/dmd.108.020479. [PMID: 18426954]
  • Kamal A Hadidi. Development of a screening method for the most commonly abused anticholinergic drugs in Jordan; trihexyphenidyl, procyclidine and biperiden. Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan). 2004 Oct; 6(4):233-41. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2004.06.001. [PMID: 15363448]
  • Xiaocui Zhao, Tianyan You, Jifeng Liu, Xiuhua Sun, Jilin Yan, Xiurong Yang, Erkang Wang. Drug-human serum albumin binding studied by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection. Electrophoresis. 2004 Oct; 25(20):3422-6. doi: 10.1002/elps.200305930. [PMID: 15490448]
  • V Cápka, Y Xu. Simultaneous determination of enantiomers of structurally related anticholinergic analogs in human serum by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with on-line sample cleanup. Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications. 2001 Oct; 762(2):181-92. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(01)00364-4. [PMID: 11678378]
  • E J Jang, Y J Lee, S J Chung, C K Shim. Nasal absorption of procyclidine in rats and dogs. Archives of pharmacal research. 2001 Jun; 24(3):219-23. doi: 10.1007/bf02978261. [PMID: 11440081]
  • T Zarnowski, Z Kleinrok, W A Turski, S J Czuczwar. The NMDA antagonist procyclidine, but not ifenprodil, enhances the protective efficacy of common antiepileptics against maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice. Journal of neural transmission. General section. 1994; 97(1):1-12. doi: 10.1007/bf01277958. [PMID: 7888145]
  • D T Martin, M Swash. Muscle pathology in the neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Journal of neurology. 1987 Dec; 235(2):120-1. doi: 10.1007/bf00718024. [PMID: 3430190]
  • T G Dinan. Neuroleptic effects on platelet aggregation: a study in normal volunteers and schizophrenics. Psychological medicine. 1987 Nov; 17(4):875-81. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700000672. [PMID: 2893407]
  • J S Bamrah, V Kumar, J Krska, S D Soni. Interactions between procyclidine and neuroleptic drugs. Some pharmacological and clinical aspects. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science. 1986 Dec; 149(?):726-33. doi: 10.1192/bjp.149.6.726. [PMID: 2878700]
  • P D Whiteman, A S Fowle, M J Hamilton, A W Peck, A Bye, K Dean, A Webster. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of procyclidine in man. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 1985; 28(1):73-8. doi: 10.1007/bf00635711. [PMID: 3987788]
  • G Paeme, R Grimee, A Vercruysse. In vitro metabolism of procyclidine in the rat. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 1984 Oct; 9(4):311-3. doi: 10.1007/bf03189682. [PMID: 6532804]
  • G Paeme, R Grimee, A Vercruysse. Isolation and identification of eight procyclidine metabolites from rat urine. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 1984 Apr; 9(2):103-8. doi: 10.1007/bf03189612. [PMID: 6745301]
  • G Paeme, R Grimee, A Vercruysse. Isolation and identification of eight procyclidine metabolites from rat urine. Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie. 1982 Dec; 260(2):291-2. doi: NULL. [PMID: 7165433]
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  • G Paeme, W Sonck, D Tourwé, R Grimée, A Vercruysse. 1-(3-Hydroxycyclohexyl)-1-phenyl-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-propanol, a procyclidine metabolite. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 1980 Mar; 8(2):115-6. doi: NULL. [PMID: 6103784]
  • R Varma. Simultaneous gas chromatographic determination of diphenylhydantoin, carbamazepin (Tegretol), phenobarbital and primidone in presence of Kemadrin (procyclidine) and Prolixin (fluphenazine) in plasma of psychiatric patients. Journal of chromatography. 1978 Aug; 155(1):182-6. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)83948-5. [PMID: 681486]
  • J Majkowski, K Lysakowska-Sernicka, B Bilińska-Nigot. [Anti-epileptic and side effects of Didepil]. Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska. 1978 Jul; 12(4):421-5. doi: . [PMID: 714222]
  • G Chouinard, L Annable, S Cooper. Antiparkinsonian drug administration and plasma levels of penfluridol, a new long-acting neuroleptic. Communications in psychopharmacology. 1977; 1(4):325-31. doi: NULL. [PMID: 615695]
  • E Gründig, J Weiss. [The influence of neuroleptic drugs on urinary excretion of non-protein nitrogen (author's transl)]. Arzneimittel-Forschung. 1976 Feb; 26(2):286-90. doi: . [PMID: 7281]
  • G B Muscettola, M Giovannucci, R Montanini, P L Morselli, S Garattini. Relationship between desipramine plasma levels and the effect in Parkinson's syndrome. Revue europeenne d'etudes cliniques et biologiques. European journal of clinical and biological research. 1972 Apr; 17(4):375-9. doi: NULL. [PMID: 5079227]