Alprazolam (BioDeep_00000001423)

 

Secondary id: BioDeep_00000397506

human metabolite blood metabolite Chemicals and Drugs


代谢物信息卡片


12-chloro-3-methyl-9-phenyl-2,4,5,8-tetraazatricyclo[8.4.0.0²,⁶]tetradeca-1(10),3,5,8,11,13-hexaene

化学式: C17H13ClN4 (308.0829)
中文名称: 阿普唑仑
谱图信息: 最多检出来源 Homo sapiens(blood) 21.33%

Reviewed

Last reviewed on 2024-09-14.

Cite this Page

Alprazolam. BioDeep Database v3. PANOMIX ltd, a top metabolomics service provider from China. https://query.biodeep.cn/s/alprazolam (retrieved 2024-12-22) (BioDeep RN: BioDeep_00000001423). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).

分子结构信息

SMILES: CC1=NN=C2CN=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)C3=C(C=CC(Cl)=C3)N12
InChI: InChI=1S/C17H13ClN4/c1-11-20-21-16-10-19-17(12-5-3-2-4-6-12)14-9-13(18)7-8-15(14)22(11)16/h2-9H,10H2,1H3

描述信息

Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of panic disorders, with or without agoraphobia, and in generalized anxiety disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238)Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors BNZ1, which mediates sleep, and BNZ2, which affects muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant activity, motor coordination, and memory. As benzodiazepine receptors are thought to be coupled to gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, this enhances the effects of GABA by increasing GABA affinity for the GABA receptor. Binding of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA to the site opens the chloride channel, resulting in a hyperpolarized cell membrane that prevents further excitation of the cell.
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D006993 - Hypnotics and Sedatives
D002492 - Central Nervous System Depressants > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents > D014151 - Anti-Anxiety Agents
D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D011619 - Psychotropic Drugs > D014149 - Tranquilizing Agents
N - Nervous system > N05 - Psycholeptics > N05B - Anxiolytics > N05BA - Benzodiazepine derivatives
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29756 - Sedative and Hypnotic > C1012 - Benzodiazepine
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018682 - GABA Agents > D018757 - GABA Modulators
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C28197 - Antianxiety Agent

同义名列表

44 个代谢物同义名

12-chloro-3-methyl-9-phenyl-2,4,5,8-tetraazatricyclo[8.4.0.0²,⁶]tetradeca-1(10),3,5,8,11,13-hexaene; 8-Chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H-S-triazolo(4,3-a)(1,4)benzodiazepine; Arzneimittelwerk dresden brand OF alprazolam; Alphapharm brand OF alprazolam; Novopharm brand OF alprazolam; Nu-pharm brand OF alprazolam; Nu pharm brand OF alprazolam; Alprazolam alphapharm brand; Temmler brand OF alprazolam; Apotex brand OF alprazolam; Pfizer brand OF alprazolam; Alprazolam novopharm brand; Kenral brand OF alprazolam; Alprazolam nu-pharm brand; Orion brand OF alprazolam; Alprazolam temmler brand; Alprazolam apotex brand; Alprazolam kenral brand; Alprazolam pfizer brand; Alprazolam orion brand; Novo alprazol; Novo-alprazol; NovoAlprazol; Trankimazin; Apo-alpraz; alprazolam; Alprazolan; Apo alpraz; Nu alpraz; Nu-alpraz; ApoAlpraz; Cassadan; NuAlpraz; Ralozam; Esparon; Alprox; D-65MT; neurol; Tafil; D65MT; TUS-1; Xanax; Kalma; Alprazolam



数据库引用编号

18 个数据库交叉引用编号

分类词条

相关代谢途径

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

PlantCyc(0)

代谢反应

0 个相关的代谢反应过程信息。

Reactome(0)

BioCyc(0)

WikiPathways(0)

Plant Reactome(0)

INOH(0)

PlantCyc(0)

COVID-19 Disease Map(0)

PathBank(0)

PharmGKB(0)

1 个相关的物种来源信息

在这里通过桑基图来展示出与当前的这个代谢物在我们的BioDeep知识库中具有相关联信息的其他代谢物。在这里进行关联的信息来源主要有：

  • PubMed: 来源于PubMed文献库中的文献信息，我们通过自然语言数据挖掘得到的在同一篇文献中被同时提及的相关代谢物列表，这个列表按照代谢物同时出现的文献数量降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为相关研究中关联性很高的代谢物集合展示在桑基图中。
  • NCBI Taxonomy: 通过文献数据挖掘，得到的代谢物物种来源信息关联。这个关联信息同样按照出现的次数降序排序，取前10个代谢物作为高关联度的代谢物集合展示在桑吉图上。
  • Chemical Taxonomy: 在物质分类上处于同一个分类集合中的其他代谢物
  • Chemical Reaction: 在化学反应过程中，存在为当前代谢物相关联的生化反应过程中的反应底物或者反应产物的关联代谢物信息。

点击图上的相关代谢物的名称，可以跳转到相关代谢物的信息页面。

亚细胞结构定位 关联基因列表
Cytoplasm 7 CAT, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, POMC, PRL
Peripheral membrane protein 1 CYP1B1
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane 7 CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5
Mitochondrion membrane 1 TSPO
Nucleus 1 PRL
cytosol 5 AVP, CAT, GPT, SCLY, TSPO
dendrite 2 AVP, HTR1A
mitochondrial membrane 1 TSPO
nucleoplasm 1 PRL
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex 1 PRL
Cell membrane 2 HTR1A, OPRD1
Multi-pass membrane protein 4 CACNA1I, HTR1A, OPRD1, TSPO
Synapse 2 CRH, HTR1A
Golgi apparatus 1 SCLY
Golgi membrane 1 INS
presynaptic membrane 1 OPRD1
Cytoplasm, cytosol 1 SCLY
plasma membrane 5 CACNA1I, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, HTR1A, OPRD1
synaptic vesicle membrane 1 OPRD1
Membrane 8 CACNA1I, CAT, CYP1B1, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, OPRD1, TSPO
extracellular exosome 3 CAT, GPT, TSPO
endoplasmic reticulum 2 CYP2D6, TSPO
extracellular space 6 AVP, CRH, IL2, INS, POMC, PRL
mitochondrion 4 CAT, CYP1B1, CYP2D6, TSPO
protein-containing complex 1 CAT
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle 9 CAT, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, TSPO
Microsome membrane 6 CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5
Secreted 6 AVP, CRH, IL2, INS, POMC, PRL
extracellular region 7 AVP, CAT, CRH, IL2, INS, POMC, PRL
Single-pass membrane protein 1 CYP2D6
mitochondrial outer membrane 1 TSPO
mitochondrial matrix 1 CAT
varicosity 1 CRH
neuronal dense core vesicle lumen 1 CRH
perikaryon 1 CRH
focal adhesion 1 CAT
Peroxisome 1 CAT
Peroxisome matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal matrix 1 CAT
peroxisomal membrane 1 CAT
secretory granule 2 AVP, POMC
neuron projection 1 OPRD1
chromatin 1 PRL
endosome lumen 2 INS, PRL
Cell projection, dendrite 1 HTR1A
ficolin-1-rich granule lumen 1 CAT
secretory granule lumen 3 CAT, INS, POMC
Golgi lumen 1 INS
endoplasmic reticulum lumen 1 INS
axon terminus 1 OPRD1
voltage-gated calcium channel complex 1 CACNA1I
transport vesicle 1 INS
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane 1 INS
postsynaptic density membrane 1 OPRD1
neuronal dense core vesicle 2 AVP, OPRD1
clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane 1 AVP
dendrite membrane 1 OPRD1
catalase complex 1 CAT
catalytic complex 1 SCLY
spine apparatus 1 OPRD1


文献列表

  • Qiang Chen, Xinru Chen, Yuqing Zhu, Xiali Yu. A relatively rare traditional Chinese medicine pattern of primary Sjögren syndrome: A case report. Medicine. 2024 Apr; 103(15):e37744. doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000037744. [PMID: 38608118]
  • Natália Ferreira Silva, Fernanda Naves Araújo do Prado Mascarenhas, Daniele Lisboa Ribeiro, Renata Graciele Zanon. Alterations in the dentate gyrus of the offspring of rats treated with alprazolam during gestation. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy. 2023 Feb; ?(?):102253. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102253. [PMID: 36841439]
  • Huma Rao, Saeed Ahmad, Asadullah Madni, Iqra Rao, Mohammed Ghazwani, Umme Hani, Muhammad Umair, Imtiaz Ahmad, Nadia Rai, Maqsood Ahmed, Kashif Ur Rehman Khan. Compritol-Based Alprazolam Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Sustained Release of Alprazolam: Preparation by Hot Melt Encapsulation. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2022 Dec; 27(24):. doi: 10.3390/molecules27248894. [PMID: 36558027]
  • Somayeh Golbaz, Mirzaman Zamanzadeh, Kamyar Yaghmaeian, Ramin Nabizadeh, Nushin Rastkari, Hadi Esfahani. Occurrence and removal of psychiatric pharmaceuticals in the Tehran South Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant. Environmental science and pollution research international. 2022 Nov; ?(?):. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23667-5. [PMID: 36374381]
  • QingLiang Wu, YiTing Hu, CuiTong Wang, Wei Wei, LanLan Gui, WuShuang Zeng, Changxiao Liu, Wei Jia, Jia Miao, Ke Lan. Reevaluate In Vitro CYP3A Index Reactions of Benzodiazepines and Steroids between Humans and Dogs. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2022 06; 50(6):741-749. doi: 10.1124/dmd.122.000864. [PMID: 35351776]
  • Brittany P Chapman, Jeffrey T Lai, Alex J Krotulski, Melissa F Fogarty, Matthew K Griswold, Barry K Logan, Kavita M Babu. A Case of Unintentional Opioid (U-47700) Overdose in a Young Adult After Counterfeit Xanax Use. Pediatric emergency care. 2021 Sep; 37(9):e579-e580. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000001775. [PMID: 30789871]
  • Rajanandh Muhasaparur Ganesan, Dinesh Kumar Settu, Yogeshkumar Murkunde, Chamundeeswari Duraipandian. Pharmacological and pharmacokinetic effect of a polyherbal combination with Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal for the management of anxiety. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2021 Jan; 265(?):113337. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113337. [PMID: 32890709]
  • Jayantee Kalita, Nikhil Dongre, Usha K Misra. Myasthenic crisis due to anxiety and insomnia during COVID -19 pandemic. Sleep medicine. 2020 11; 75(?):532-533. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.08.008. [PMID: 32839085]
  • Szabolcs Sofalvi, Eric S Lavins, Claire K Kaspar, Haley M Michel, Christie L Mitchell-Mata, Marilyn A Huestis, Luigino G Apollonio. Development and Validation of an LC-MS-MS Method for the Detection of 40 Benzodiazepines and Three Z-Drugs in Blood and Urine by Solid-Phase Extraction. Journal of analytical toxicology. 2020 Oct; 44(7):708-717. doi: 10.1093/jat/bkaa072. [PMID: 32808043]
  • V Kolbe, D Rentsch, D Boy, B Schmidt, R Kegler, A Büttner. The adulterated XANAX pill: a fatal intoxication with etizolam and caffeine. International journal of legal medicine. 2020 Sep; 134(5):1727-1731. doi: 10.1007/s00414-020-02352-7. [PMID: 32607751]
  • M S Zastrozhin, V Yu Skryabin, V V Smirnov, A E Petukhov, E P Pankratenko, A K Zastrozhina, E A Grishina, K A Ryzhikova, I V Bure, P A Golovinskii, S G Koporov, E A Bryun, D A Sychev. Effects of plasma concentration of micro-RNA Mir-27b and CYP3A4*22 on equilibrium concentration of alprazolam in patients with anxiety disorders comorbid with alcohol use disorder. Gene. 2020 May; 739(?):144513. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144513. [PMID: 32112986]
  • Meenu Dutt, Ravinder Naik Dharavath, Tanzeer Kaur, Navpreet Kaur, Kanwaljit Chopra, Shweta Sharma. Co-abuse of alprazolam augments the hepato-renal toxic effects of methylphenidate. Indian journal of pharmacology. 2020 May; 52(3):216-221. doi: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_758_19. [PMID: 32874006]
  • Luying Chen, Richard B van Breemen. Validation of a sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS method for cytochrome P450 probe substrates caffeine, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan, and alprazolam in human serum reveals drug contamination of serum used for research. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2020 Feb; 179(?):112983. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112983. [PMID: 31744669]
  • Péter Szabó, Mátyás Mayer, Zoltán Horváth-Szalai, Krisztina Tóth, Sándor Márton, Gábor Menyhei, László Sínay, Tihamér Molnár. Awake Sedation With Propofol Attenuates Intraoperative Stress of Carotid Endarterectomy in Regional Anesthesia. Annals of vascular surgery. 2020 Feb; 63(?):311-318. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2019.06.047. [PMID: 31563659]
  • Saeeda Nadir Ali, Shumaila Akram, Amtul Qayoom, Nida Naz, Anjum Ayub. Liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of alprazolam with NSAIDs in bulk drug, pharmaceutical formulation and human serum. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2020 Jan; 33(1):121-127. doi: . [PMID: 32122839]
  • Huma Rao, Saeed Ahmad, Asadullah Madni, Imtiaz Ahmad, Muhammad Nadeem Shahzad. Single-step extraction for simultaneous quantification of desvenlafaxine and alprazolam in human spiked plasma by RP-HPLC. PloS one. 2020; 15(9):e0238954. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238954. [PMID: 32941505]
  • Jana Hořínková, Petr Kozlík, Tomáš Křížek, Danica Michaličková, Martin Šíma, Ondřej Slanař. Post-mortem Redistribution of Alprazolam in Rats. Prague medical report. 2020; 121(4):244-253. doi: 10.14712/23362936.2020.21. [PMID: 33270012]
  • Rowan Saloner, David J Grelotti, Griffin Tyree, Erin E Sundermann, Qing Ma, Scott Letendre, Robert K Heaton, Mariana Cherner. Benzodiazepine Use Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Neurocognitive Impairment in People Living With HIV. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999). 2019 12; 82(5):475-482. doi: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002183. [PMID: 31714426]
  • Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Sachiyo Fukushima, Yui Mishima, Mari Hashimoto, Kei Yamakawa, Kazumichi Fujioka, Kazumoto Iijima, Ikuko Yano. Pharmacokinetic assessment of alprazolam-induced neonatal abstinence syndrome using physiologically based pharmacokinetic model. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 2019 Dec; 34(6):400-402. doi: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2019.09.002. [PMID: 31699653]
  • Tobie D Lee, Olivia W Lee, Kyle R Brimacombe, Lu Chen, Rajarshi Guha, Sabrina Lusvarghi, Bethilehem G Tebase, Carleen Klumpp-Thomas, Robert W Robey, Suresh V Ambudkar, Min Shen, Michael M Gottesman, Matthew D Hall. A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Molecular pharmacology. 2019 11; 96(5):629-640. doi: 10.1124/mol.119.115964. [PMID: 31515284]
  • Zeynab Tavakoli, Majid Soleimani, Mir Mohammad Alavi Nikje. Characterization and performance evaluation of functional monomer effect on molecular imprinted polyurethane foam. Journal of chromatography. A. 2019 Sep; 1602(?):30-40. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.05.031. [PMID: 31164227]
  • Alicja Majda, Renata Wietecha-Posłuszny, Magdalena Świądro, Karolina Mrochem, Paweł Kościelniak. Dried blood spots sampling in case samples deprived of hematocrit level information - Investigation and calculation strategy. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2019 Aug; 1124(?):308-312. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.06.025. [PMID: 31265992]
  • Zeynab Tavakoli, Majid Soleimani, Mir Mohammad Alavi Nikje. Evaluation of an Experimentally Designed Molecular Imprinted Polyurethane Foam Performance for Extraction of Alprazolam. Journal of chromatographic science. 2019 Aug; 57(7):662-670. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz032. [PMID: 31004434]
  • Jeffry Adiwidjaja, Alan V Boddy, Andrew J McLachlan. Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modelling of Hyperforin to Predict Drug Interactions with St John's Wort. Clinical pharmacokinetics. 2019 07; 58(7):911-926. doi: 10.1007/s40262-019-00736-6. [PMID: 30675694]
  • Ayako Furugen, Ayako Nishimura, Masaki Kobayashi, Takeshi Umazume, Katsuya Narumi, Ken Iseki. Quantification of eight benzodiazepines in human breastmilk and plasma by liquid-liquid extraction and liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: Application to evaluation of alprazolam transfer into breastmilk. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2019 May; 168(?):83-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.02.011. [PMID: 30798209]
  • J M Witkin, R Cerne, P G Davis, K B Freeman, J M do Carmo, J K Rowlett, K R Methuku, A Okun, S D Gleason, X Li, M J Krambis, M Poe, G Li, J M Schkeryantz, R Jahan, L Yang, W Guo, L K Golani, W H Anderson, J T Catlow, T M Jones, F Porreca, J L Smith, K L Knopp, J M Cook. The α2,3-selective potentiator of GABAA receptors, KRM-II-81, reduces nociceptive-associated behaviors induced by formalin and spinal nerve ligation in rats. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior. 2019 05; 180(?):22-31. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.02.013. [PMID: 30825491]
  • Wenche Rødseth Brede, Hege-Merete Krabseth, Lisbeth Solem Michelsen, Harald Aarset, John-Petter Jamt, Lars Slørdal. A Wolf in Sheep's Clothing. Journal of analytical toxicology. 2019 03; 43(2):e7-e8. doi: 10.1093/jat/bky080. [PMID: 30295817]
  • Vidar Temte, Kari Kjeldstadli, Lina Dorthea Bruun, Morris Birdal, Liliana Bachs, Ritva Karinen, Gerrit Middelkoop, Elisabeth Øiestad, Gudrun Høiseth. An Experimental Study of Diazepam and Alprazolam Kinetics in Urine and Oral Fluid Following Single Oral Doses. Journal of analytical toxicology. 2019 Mar; 43(2):104-111. doi: 10.1093/jat/bky062. [PMID: 30517712]
  • Harunobu Tahara, Miwa Watanabe, Maki Hasegawa. A comparative study for detecting CYP3A induction by CYP3A probe drugs and endogenous markers in cynomolgus monkeys. Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition. 2019 Feb; 40(2):81-93. doi: 10.1002/bdd.2173. [PMID: 30724384]
  • Taís Regina Fiorentin, Barry Kerr Logan. Toxicological findings in 1000 cases of suspected drug facilitated sexual assault in the United States. Journal of forensic and legal medicine. 2019 Feb; 61(?):56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2018.11.006. [PMID: 30453150]
  • Ofelia Romero-Cerecero, Ana Laura Islas-Garduño, Alejandro Zamilpa, Armando Herrera-Arellano, Enrique Jiménez-Ferrer, Jaime Tortoriello. Galphimine-B Standardized Extract versus Alprazolam in Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Ten-Week, Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial. BioMed research international. 2019; 2019(?):1037036. doi: 10.1155/2019/1037036. [PMID: 30834253]
  • Simonas Masiulis, Rooma Desai, Tomasz Uchański, Itziar Serna Martin, Duncan Laverty, Dimple Karia, Tomas Malinauskas, Jasenko Zivanov, Els Pardon, Abhay Kotecha, Jan Steyaert, Keith W Miller, A Radu Aricescu. GABAA receptor signalling mechanisms revealed by structural pharmacology. Nature. 2019 01; 565(7740):454-459. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0832-5. [PMID: 30602790]
  • Siddharth Iyengar, Charles Bornmann, Farid Abdelmalak, Tulisa LaRocca. Catatonia due to alprazolam withdrawal. BMJ case reports. 2018 Dec; 11(1):. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-227175. [PMID: 30567266]
  • Marzieh Karimian Amroabadi, Asghar Taheri-Kafrani, Leily Heidarpoor Saremi, Ali Asghar Rastegari. Spectroscopic studies of the interaction between alprazolam and apo-human serum transferrin as a drug carrier protein. International journal of biological macromolecules. 2018 Mar; 108(?):263-271. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.179. [PMID: 29199122]
  • Ailton Spiacci, Heloisa H Vilela-Costa, Ana Beatriz Sant'Ana, Gabriel Gripp Fernandes, Alana Tercino Frias, Glauber S Ferreira da Silva, José Antunes-Rodrigues, Hélio Zangrossi. Panic-like escape response elicited in mice by exposure to CO2, but not hypoxia. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry. 2018 Feb; 81(?):178-186. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.10.018. [PMID: 29111406]
  • Jonathan H Sin, Andrew Tom, Alexander Toyoda, Nathalie Roy, Bryan D Hayes. High-dose intravenous lipid emulsion affecting successful initiation of continuous venovenous hemofiltration and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.). 2018 02; 56(2):149-150. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2017.1341633. [PMID: 28681624]
  • Jagriti Narang, Nitesh Malhotra, Chaitali Singhal, Ashish Mathur, Anoop Krishna Pn, C S Pundir. Detection of alprazolam with a lab on paper economical device integrated with urchin like Ag@ Pd shell nano-hybrids. Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications. 2017 Nov; 80(?):728-735. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.128. [PMID: 28866222]
  • Yan Li, Gaotong Lin, Bingbao Chen, Jing Zhang, Lingtian Wang, Zixia Li, Yungang Cao, Congcong Wen, Xuezhi Yang, Gaozhong Cao, Xianqin Wang, Guoquan Cao. Effect of alprazolam on rat serum metabolic profiles. Biomedical chromatography : BMC. 2017 Sep; 31(9):. doi: 10.1002/bmc.3956. [PMID: 28187228]
  • Nasser Goudarzi, Monavar Amirnavaee, Mansour Arab Chamjangali, Sahar Farsimadan. Application of Ultrasound-Assisted Surfactant-Enhanced Emulsification Microextraction Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Droplets and High Performance Liquid Chromatography for Preconcentration and Determination of Alprazolam and Chlordiazepoxide in Human Serum Samples. Journal of chromatographic science. 2017 Jul; 55(6):669-675. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx017. [PMID: 28334890]
  • Meltem Güner Can, Özgen Ilgaz Koçyiğit, Uğur Aksu, Ali Özer, Fevzi Toraman. Effect of Alprazolam on Redox Status in Renal Transplantation Donors and Recipients. Annals of transplantation. 2017 Jun; 22(?):354-360. doi: 10.12659/aot.903695. [PMID: 28596511]
  • Kapil Soni, Milind Parle. Trachyspermum ammi Seeds Supplementation Helps Reverse Scopolamine, Alprazolam and Electroshock Induced Amnesia. Neurochemical research. 2017 May; 42(5):1333-1344. doi: 10.1007/s11064-017-2177-0. [PMID: 28097466]
  • Ann M Arens, Xander M R van Wijk, Kathy T Vo, Kara L Lynch, Alan H B Wu, Craig G Smollin. Adverse Effects From Counterfeit Alprazolam Tablets. JAMA internal medicine. 2016 10; 176(10):1554-1555. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.4306. [PMID: 27532131]
  • Maka S Hedrington, Maia Mikeladze, Donna B Tate, Lisa M Younk, Ian Davis, Stephen N Davis. Effects of γ-Aminobutyric Acid A Receptor Activation on Counterregulatory Responses to Subsequent Exercise in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes. 2016 09; 65(9):2754-9. doi: 10.2337/db16-0207. [PMID: 27217489]
  • Naama Levy-Cooperman, Kerri A Schoedel, Bijan Chakraborty, David Blum, Hailong Cheng. Abuse liability assessment of eslicarbazepine acetate in healthy male and female recreational sedative users: A Phase I randomized controlled trial. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B. 2016 08; 61(?):63-71. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.05.010. [PMID: 27315134]
  • Anikó Lajtai, Mátyás Mayer, Ágnes Lakatos, Zoltán Porpáczy, Attila Miseta. Embutramide, a Component of Tanax(®) (T-61) as a New Drug of Abuse?. Journal of forensic sciences. 2016 Mar; 61(2):573-575. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.13010. [PMID: 27404634]
  • Anna Fuhl, Florian Müller-Dahlhaus, Caroline Lücke, Stefan W Toennes, Ulf Ziemann. Low Doses of Ethanol Enhance LTD-like Plasticity in Human Motor Cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015 Dec; 40(13):2969-80. doi: 10.1038/npp.2015.151. [PMID: 26038159]
  • Yu-Dong Jeong, Min Kyung Kim, Sung Ill Suh, Moon Kyo In, Jin Young Kim, Ki-Jung Paeng. Rapid determination of benzodiazepines, zolpidem and their metabolites in urine using direct injection liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Forensic science international. 2015 Dec; 257(?):84-92. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.07.043. [PMID: 26282513]
  • Maka S Hedrington, Donna B Tate, Lisa M Younk, Stephen N Davis. Effects of Antecedent GABA A Receptor Activation on Counterregulatory Responses to Exercise in Healthy Man. Diabetes. 2015 Sep; 64(9):3253-61. doi: 10.2337/db15-0212. [PMID: 25901095]
  • Kristin Nordal, Elisabeth L Øiestad, Asle Enger, Asbjorg S Christophersen, Vigdis Vindenes. Detection Times of Diazepam, Clonazepam, and Alprazolam in Oral Fluid Collected From Patients Admitted to Detoxification, After High and Repeated Drug Intake. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2015 Aug; 37(4):451-60. doi: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000174. [PMID: 25549207]
  • Chengsen Zhang, Nicholas E Manicke. Development of a Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry Cartridge with Integrated Solid Phase Extraction for Bioanalysis. Analytical chemistry. 2015 Jun; 87(12):6212-9. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00884. [PMID: 26000893]
  • D M Wong, J L Davis, C J Alcott, K L Hepworth-Warren, N L Galow-Kersh, S Rice, J F Coetzee. Pharmacokinetics and physiologic effects of alprazolam after a single oral dose in healthy mares. Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics. 2015 Jun; 38(3):301-4. doi: 10.1111/jvp.12192. [PMID: 25427652]
  • Iain M McIntyre, Catherine E Hamm, James L Sherrard, Ray D Gary, Christopher G Burton, Othon Mena. Acute 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylcathinone (ethylone) intoxication and related fatality: a case report with postmortem concentrations. Journal of analytical toxicology. 2015 Apr; 39(3):225-8. doi: 10.1093/jat/bku146. [PMID: 25540061]
  • Faeze Dangkoob, Mohmmad Reza Housaindokht, Ahmad Asoodeh, Omid Rajabi, Zeinab Rouhbakhsh Zaeri, Asma Verdian Doghaei. Spectroscopic and molecular modeling study on the separate and simultaneous bindings of alprazolam and fluoxetine hydrochloride to human serum albumin (HSA): with the aim of the drug interactions probing. Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy. 2015 Feb; 137(?):1106-19. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.08.149. [PMID: 25300043]
  • Elisabetta Bertol, Francesco Mari, Rafael Boscolo Berto, Guido Mannaioni, Fabio Vaiano, Donata Favretto. A mixed MDPV and benzodiazepine intoxication in a chronic drug abuser: determination of MDPV metabolites by LC-HRMS and discussion of the case. Forensic science international. 2014 Oct; 243(?):149-55. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.08.002. [PMID: 25199615]
  • Ameera X Patel, Sam R Miller, Pradeep J Nathan, Ponmani Kanakaraj, Antonella Napolitano, Philip Lawrence, Annelize Koch, Edward T Bullmore. Neuroendocrine and sympathetic responses to an orexin receptor antagonist, SB-649868, and alprazolam following insulin-induced hypoglycemia in humans. Psychopharmacology. 2014 Oct; 231(19):3817-28. doi: 10.1007/s00213-014-3520-7. [PMID: 24770625]
  • Jie-Feng Cui, Wei Yang, Yan-Ming Xie, Yong Sun, Yan Zhuang, Yong-Yan Wang. [Real-world analysis of concurrent diseases and medicine use among patients with insomnia]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2014 Sep; 39(18):3519-26. doi: . [PMID: 25532388]
  • Sebnem Eren Cevik, Tanju Tasyurek, Ozlem Guneysel. Intralipid emulsion treatment as an antidote in lipophilic drug intoxications. The American journal of emergency medicine. 2014 Sep; 32(9):1103-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2014.05.019. [PMID: 24974371]
  • André Mateus, Pär Matsson, Per Artursson. A high-throughput cell-based method to predict the unbound drug fraction in the brain. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2014 Apr; 57(7):3005-10. doi: 10.1021/jm401963n. [PMID: 24601604]
  • Aiko Torikoshi, Akira Namera, Yousuke Arima, Hirokazu Toubou, Takashi Tajima, Hiroaki Shiraishi, Masataka Nagao. [Cross-reactivity of Instant-View M-1 for detection of benzodiazepine-related drugs and their metabolites in urine]. Chudoku kenkyu : Chudoku Kenkyukai jun kikanshi = The Japanese journal of toxicology. 2014 Mar; 27(1):33-8. doi: NULL. [PMID: 24724359]
  • Albert L Briggs, Lisa L Deal. Endoscopic removal of pharmacobezoar in case of intentional potassium overdose. The Journal of emergency medicine. 2014 Mar; 46(3):351-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.08.031. [PMID: 24113476]
  • Eleni Kalogria, Constantinos Pistos, Irene Panderi. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography/positive ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method for the quantification of alprazolam and α-hydroxy-alprazolam in human plasma. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2013 Dec; 942-943(?):158-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.10.040. [PMID: 24269910]
  • Tom S Chan, Hongbin Yu, Amanda Moore, Salman R Khetani, Salman R Kehtani, Donald Tweedie. Meeting the challenge of predicting hepatic clearance of compounds slowly metabolized by cytochrome P450 using a novel hepatocyte model, HepatoPac. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2013 Dec; 41(12):2024-32. doi: 10.1124/dmd.113.053397. [PMID: 23959596]
  • Hilada Nefic, Jasmin Musanovic, Azra Metovic, Kemajl Kurteshi. Chromosomal and nuclear alterations in root tip cells of allium cepa L. Induced by alprazolam. Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina). 2013 Dec; 67(6):388-92. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2013.67.388-392. [PMID: 25568504]
  • J Juřica, A Žourková. Dynamics and persistence of CYP2D6 inhibition by paroxetine. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics. 2013 Aug; 38(4):294-300. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.12042. [PMID: 23437966]
  • Arvind Rengarajan, Michael E Mullins. How often do false-positive phencyclidine urine screens occur with use of common medications?. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.). 2013 Jul; 51(6):493-6. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2013.801982. [PMID: 23697457]
  • Tatiani Sorregotti, Joyce Mendes-Gomes, Javier Leonardo Rico, Robert John Rodgers, Ricardo Luiz Nunes-de-Souza. Ethopharmacological analysis of the open elevated plus-maze in mice. Behavioural brain research. 2013 Jun; 246(?):76-85. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.02.035. [PMID: 23470900]
  • María Pilar Vicente Sánchez, Diego Macías Saint-Gerons, César de la Fuente Honrubia, Diana González Bermejo, Dolores Montero Corominas, Ferrán Catalá-López. [Trends of use of anxiolytics and hypnotics in Spain from 2000 to 2011]. Revista espanola de salud publica. 2013 May; 87(3):247-55. doi: 10.4321/s1135-57272013000300004. [PMID: 23892676]
  • Chaitanya Bhatt, Niranjan Kanaki, Rupesh Nayak, Gaurang Shah. Synergistic potentiation of anti-anxiety activity of valerian and alprazolam by liquorice. Indian journal of pharmacology. 2013 Mar; 45(2):202-3. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.108328. [PMID: 23716906]
  • Robert F Corliss, Rakesh Mandal, Benjamin J Soriano. Bilateral acute necrosis of the globi pallidi and rhabdomyolysis due to combined methadone and benzodiazepine toxicity. The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology. 2013 Mar; 34(1):1-4. doi: 10.1097/paf.0b013e31823a8b1e. [PMID: 23361067]
  • Jian-Guang Gan, Guo-Qiang Tian, Guo-Xing Qin. [Study on efficacy of zaoren anshen capsules in treating senile insomnia and changes in its hemorheology]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica. 2013 Jan; 38(2):273-5. doi: NULL. [PMID: 23672055]
  • Susheela Rani, Ashok Kumar Malik. A novel microextraction by packed sorbent-gas chromatography procedure for the simultaneous analysis of antiepileptic drugs in human plasma and urine. Journal of separation science. 2012 Nov; 35(21):2970-7. doi: 10.1002/jssc.201200439. [PMID: 22997153]
  • Lakshmana Rao Bathala, Ch Vekateswara Rao, Sm Manjunath, S Vinuta, Raghu Vemulapalli. Efficacy of Ocimum sanctum for relieving stress: a preclinical study. The journal of contemporary dental practice. 2012 Nov; 13(6):782-6. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1229. [PMID: 23404003]
  • Silvia Novío, María Jesús Núñez, Carmen María Ponte, Manuel Freire-Garabal. Urinary biopyrrins: potential biomarker for monitoring of the response to treatment with anxiolytics. Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology. 2012 Sep; 111(3):206-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2012.00888.x. [PMID: 22540866]
  • Ruth Verplaetse, Eva Cuypers, Jan Tytgat. The evaluation of the applicability of a high pH mobile phase in ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine-like hypnotics in urine and blood. Journal of chromatography. A. 2012 Aug; 1249(?):147-54. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.023. [PMID: 22749457]
  • Sevasti Karampela, Ioanna Vardakou, Ioannis Papoutsis, Artemis Dona, Chara Spiliopoulou, Sotirios Athanaselis, Constantinos Pistos. Direct urine analysis for the identification and quantification of selected benzodiazepines for toxicology screening. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 2012 Aug; 902(?):42-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.06.012. [PMID: 22790390]
  • Alan W Jones, Anita Holmgren, Johan Ahlner. Toxicological analysis of blood and urine samples from female victims of alleged sexual assault. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.). 2012 Aug; 50(7):555-61. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2012.702217. [PMID: 22757745]
  • Tor Seldén, Johan Ahlner, Henrik Druid, Robert Kronstrand. Toxicological and pathological findings in a series of buprenorphine related deaths. Possible risk factors for fatal outcome. Forensic science international. 2012 Jul; 220(1-3):284-90. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.03.016. [PMID: 22565115]
  • J F Alonso, M A Mañanas, S Romero, M Rojas-Martínez, J Riba. Cross-conditional entropy and coherence analysis of pharmaco-EEG changes induced by alprazolam. Psychopharmacology. 2012 Jun; 221(3):397-406. doi: 10.1007/s00213-011-2587-7. [PMID: 22127555]
  • Md Jamir Anwar, Krishna K Pillai, Razia Khanam, Mohammad Akhtar, Divya Vohora. Effect of alprazolam on anxiety and cardiomyopathy induced by doxorubicin in mice. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology. 2012 Jun; 26(3):356-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2011.00925.x. [PMID: 21352350]
  • Dubravka Švob Štrac, Dorotea Muck-Šeler, Nela Pivac. The involvement of noradrenergic mechanisms in the suppressive effects of diazepam on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in female rats. Croatian medical journal. 2012 Jun; 53(3):214-23. doi: 10.3325/cmj.2012.53.214. [PMID: 22661134]
  • G Zadoyan, D Rokitta, S Klement, A Dienel, R Hoerr, T Gramatté, U Fuhr. Effect of Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761® on human cytochrome P450 activity: a cocktail interaction study in healthy volunteers. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2012 May; 68(5):553-60. doi: 10.1007/s00228-011-1174-5. [PMID: 22189672]
  • Hadi Molanaei, Peter Stenvinkel, Abdul Rashid Qureshi, Juan Jesús Carrero, Olof Heimbürger, Bengt Lindholm, Ulf Diczfalusy, Ingegerd Odar-Cederlöf, Leif Bertilsson. Metabolism of alprazolam (a marker of CYP3A4) in hemodialysis patients with persistent inflammation. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2012 May; 68(5):571-7. doi: 10.1007/s00228-011-1163-8. [PMID: 22159869]
  • Dinesh Dhingra, Ritu Chhillar, Arun Gupta. Antianxiety-like activity of gallic acid in unstressed and stressed mice: possible involvement of nitriergic system. Neurochemical research. 2012 Mar; 37(3):487-94. doi: 10.1007/s11064-011-0635-7. [PMID: 22033862]
  • . Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of kava kava extract (CAS No. 9000-38-8) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (Gavage Studies). National Toxicology Program technical report series. 2012 Mar; ?(571):1-186. doi: . [PMID: 22441424]
  • Devendra Kumar, Ashok K Khanna, Ram Pratap, Jitendra K Sexana, Rabi S Bhatta. Dose escalation pharmacokinetics and lipid lowering activity of a novel farnesoid X receptor modulator: 16-Dehydropregnenolone. Indian journal of pharmacology. 2012 Jan; 44(1):57-62. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.91868. [PMID: 22345871]
  • Junichi Azuma, Tomoko Hasunuma, Masanori Kubo, Masaya Miyatake, Toshiko Koue, Koushi Higashi, Tsutomu Fujiwara, Sachiko Kitahara, Tamiki Katano, Sumiko Hara. The relationship between clinical pharmacokinetics of aripiprazole and CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism: effects of CYP enzyme inhibition by coadministration of paroxetine or fluvoxamine. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2012 Jan; 68(1):29-37. doi: 10.1007/s00228-011-1094-4. [PMID: 21739267]
  • Emanuel Calenoff. Interplaying factors that effect multiple sclerosis causation and sustenance. ISRN neurology. 2012; 2012(?):851541. doi: 10.5402/2012/851541. [PMID: 22462023]
  • Pius S Fasinu, Patrick J Bouic, Bernd Rosenkranz. An overview of the evidence and mechanisms of herb-drug interactions. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2012; 3(?):69. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00069. [PMID: 22557968]
  • Anna M Arroyo Plasencia, Lynn M Ballentine, James B Mowry, Louise W Kao. Benzodiazepine-associated atrioventricular block. American journal of therapeutics. 2012 Jan; 19(1):e48-52. doi: 10.1097/mjt.0b013e3181dcf572. [PMID: 20535011]
  • Jan Willem Kuiper, Frans B Plötz, Ab Johan Groeneveld, Jack J Haitsma, Serge Jothy, Rosanna Vaschetto, Haibo Zhang, Arthur S Slutsky. High tidal volume mechanical ventilation-induced lung injury in rats is greater after acid instillation than after sepsis-induced acute lung injury, but does not increase systemic inflammation: an experimental study. BMC anesthesiology. 2011 Dec; 11(?):26. doi: 10.1186/1471-2253-11-26. [PMID: 22204611]
  • Cyrus Ghobadi, Trevor N Johnson, Mohsen Aarabi, Lisa M Almond, Aurel Constant Allabi, Karen Rowland-Yeo, Masoud Jamei, Amin Rostami-Hodjegan. Application of a systems approach to the bottom-up assessment of pharmacokinetics in obese patients: expected variations in clearance. Clinical pharmacokinetics. 2011 Dec; 50(12):809-22. doi: 10.2165/11594420-000000000-00000. [PMID: 22087867]
  • Qing Chang, Hongying Ma, Fangjie Wang, Honglian Ou, Ming Zou. [Determination of 10 sedative-hypnotics in human plasma using pulse splitless injection technique and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry]. Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography. 2011 Nov; 29(11):1082-6. doi: . [PMID: 22393695]
  • Dong Hee Na, Hye Young Ji, Eun Ji Park, Myung Sun Kim, Kwang-Hyeon Liu, Hye Suk Lee. Evaluation of metabolism-mediated herb-drug interactions. Archives of pharmacal research. 2011 Nov; 34(11):1829-42. doi: 10.1007/s12272-011-1105-0. [PMID: 22139684]
  • Yasuto Kido, Pär Matsson, Kathleen M Giacomini. Profiling of a prescription drug library for potential renal drug-drug interactions mediated by the organic cation transporter 2. Journal of medicinal chemistry. 2011 Jul; 54(13):4548-58. doi: 10.1021/jm2001629. [PMID: 21599003]
  • Dalim Kumar Baidya, Anjolie Chhabra, Ravi Raj. Anesthetic management of a patient with Kimura's disease for superficial parotidectomy. Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology. 2011 Jul; 27(3):383-5. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.83688. [PMID: 21897514]
  • Vittorio Coiro, Riccardo Volpi, Amos Casti, Maria Ludovica Maffei, Adriano Stella, Elio Volta, Paolo Chiodera. Naloxone decreases the inhibitory effect of alprazolam on the release of adrenocorticotropin/cortisol induced by physical exercise in man. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2011 Jun; 71(6):951-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03900.x. [PMID: 21564163]
  • Herbert Bosshart. Withdrawal-induced delirium associated with a benzodiazepine switch: a case report. Journal of medical case reports. 2011 May; 5(?):207. doi: 10.1186/1752-1947-5-207. [PMID: 21615891]
  • Ricarda Jantos, Markus Schuhmacher, Janet L Veldstra, Wendy M Bosker, Ineke Klöpping-Ketelaars, Katerina Touliou, Gian Marco Sardi, Karel A Brookhuis, Johannes G Ramaekers, Rainer Mattern, Gisela Skopp. [Determination of blood/serum ratios of different forensically relevant analytes in authentic samples]. Archiv fur Kriminologie. 2011 May; 227(5-6):188-203. doi: NULL. [PMID: 21805908]
  • Karunanidhi Santhana Lakshmi, Tirumala Rajesh. Rosiglitazone quantification in rat plasma using high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection and its application to pre-clinical pharmacokinetic studies. PDA journal of pharmaceutical science and technology. 2011 Mar; 65(2):100-8. doi: NULL. [PMID: 21502071]