Gene Association: IL32
UniProt Search:
IL32 (PROTEIN_CODING)
Function Description: interleukin 32
found 9 associated metabolites with current gene based on the text mining result from the pubmed database.
2,3-Diaminopropionic acid
2,3-Diaminopropionic acid, also known as L-2,3-diaminopropanoate or Dpr, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as l-alpha-amino acids. These are alpha amino acids which have the L-configuration of the alpha-carbon atom. 2,3-Diaminopropionic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble in water, and relatively neutral. 2,3-Diaminopropionic acid (2,3-diaminopropionate) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid found in certain secondary metabolites, including zwittermicin A and tuberactinomycin.2,3-Diaminopropionate is formed by the pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) mediated amination of serine. 2,3-Diaminopropionic acid exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. 2,3-Diaminopropionic acid is a metabolite of b-oxalyl-L-a,b-diaminopropionic acid a neurotoxic amino acid (ODAP). (PMID 5774501) COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
Anserine
Anserine (beta-alanyl-N-3-methylhistidine) is a dipeptide containing beta-alanine and 3-methylhistidine. It is a derivative of carnosine, which had been methylated. The methyl group of anserine is added to carnosine by the enzyme S-adenosylmethionine: carnosine N-methyltransferase (PMID: 29484990). The enzyme is closely related to histamine N-methyltransferase and appears to be present in a majority of anserine-producing species (PMID: 23705015). Anserine is a generally a more metabolically stable derivative of carnosine. Anserine can be found in the skeletal muscle and brain of certain mammals (rabbits, cattle), migratory fish and birds. This dipeptide is normally absent from human tissues and body fluids, and its appearance there is usually an artifact of diet. Anserine can also arise from serum carnosinase deficiency. (OMIM 212200). Anserine was first discovered in goose muscle in 1929, and was named after this extraction (anser is Latin for goose). Anserine, which is water-soluble, is found at high levels in the muscles of different non-human vertebrates, with poultry, rabbit, tuna, plaice, and salmon having generally higher contents than other marine foods, beef, or pork (PMID: 31908682). An increase of urinary anserine excretion has been found in humans after the consumption of chicken, rabbit, and tuna and has been associated with intake of chicken, salmon, and, to a lesser extent, beef (PMID: 31908682). Anserine can undergo cleavage to give rise to 3-methylhistidine.(3-MH). The dipeptide balenine, common in some whales, cleaves to form 1-methylhistidine (1-MH) (PMID: 31908682). There is considerable confusion with regard to the nomenclature of the methylated nitrogen atoms on the imidazole ring of histidine and other histidine-containing peptides such as anserine. In particular, older literature (mostly prior to the year 2000) designated anserine (N-pi methylated) as beta-alanyl-N1-methyl-histidine, whereas according to standard IUPAC nomenclature, anserine is correctly named as beta-alanyl-N3-methyl-histidine. As a result, many papers published prior to the year 2000 incorrectly identified 1MH as a specific marker for dietary consumption of certain foods or various pathophysiological effects when they really were referring to 3MH or vice versa (PMID: 24137022). In particular balenine (a whale or snake-specific dipeptide with 1MH) was often confused with anserine (the poultry dipeptide with 3MH). An animal model study of Alzheimers disease using mice found that treatment with anserine reduced memory loss (PMID: 28974740). Anserine reduced glial inflammatory activity (particularly of astrocyte). The study also found that anserine-treated mice had greater pericyte surface area. The greater area of pericytes was commensurate with improved memory. The anserine-treated mice overall performed better on a spatial memory test (Morris Water Maze) (PMID: 28974740). A human study on 84 elderly subjects showed that subjects who took anserine and carnosine supplements for one year showed increased blood flow in the prefrontal cortex on MRI (PMID: 29896423). Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant KEIO_ID A140; [MS2] KO008819 KEIO_ID A140; [MS3] KO008820 KEIO_ID A140 Anserine, a methylated form of Carnosine, is an orally active, natural Histidine-containing dipeptide found in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. Anserine is not cleaved by serum carnosinase and act as biochemical buffers, chelators, antioxidants, and anti-glycation agents. Anserine improves memory functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-model mice[1][2]. Anserine, a methylated form of Carnosine, is an orally active, natural Histidine-containing dipeptide found in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. Anserine is not cleaved by serum carnosinase and act as biochemical buffers, chelators, antioxidants, and anti-glycation agents. Anserine improves memory functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-model mice[1][2].
Algestone
D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones > D011372 - Progestins C147908 - Hormone Therapy Agent > C548 - Therapeutic Hormone > C1636 - Therapeutic Steroid Hormone D012102 - Reproductive Control Agents > D003270 - Contraceptive Agents
Metyrosine
Metyrosine is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed)Metyrosine inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase, which catalyzes the first transformation in catecholamine biosynthesis, i.e., the conversion of tyrosine to dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). Because the first step is also the rate-limiting step, blockade of tyrosine hydroxylase activity results in decreased endogenous levels of catecholamines and their synthesis. This consequently, depletes the levels of the catecholamines dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline in the body,usually measured as decreased urinary excretion of catecholamines and their metabolites. One main end result of the catecholamine depletion is a decrease in blood presure. C - Cardiovascular system > C02 - Antihypertensives > C02K - Other antihypertensives > C02KB - Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C270 - Antihypertensive Agent C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C2155 - Tyrosine Hydroxylase Inhibitor D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor
Pyricarbate
C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Same as: D01396
3-aminoalanine
A diamino acid that is alanine in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by an amino group. KEIO_ID D037
Anserine
A dipeptide comprising of beta-alanine and 3-methyl-L-histidine units. C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant Anserine, a methylated form of Carnosine, is an orally active, natural Histidine-containing dipeptide found in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. Anserine is not cleaved by serum carnosinase and act as biochemical buffers, chelators, antioxidants, and anti-glycation agents. Anserine improves memory functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-model mice[1][2]. Anserine, a methylated form of Carnosine, is an orally active, natural Histidine-containing dipeptide found in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. Anserine is not cleaved by serum carnosinase and act as biochemical buffers, chelators, antioxidants, and anti-glycation agents. Anserine improves memory functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-model mice[1][2].
Pyricarbate
C78276 - Agent Affecting Digestive System or Metabolism > C29703 - Antilipidemic Agent D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites Same as: D01396
Metyrosine
An L-tyrosine derivative that consists of L-tyrosine bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 2. An inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma. C - Cardiovascular system > C02 - Antihypertensives > C02K - Other antihypertensives > C02KB - Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C2155 - Tyrosine Hydroxylase Inhibitor D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors
