Classification Term: 763
Butenolides (ontology term: CHEMONTID:0002223)
Dihydrofurans with a carbonyl group at the C2 carbon atom." []
found 47 associated metabolites at category metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: Furanones
Child Taxonomies: There is no child term of current ontology term.
Ascorbic acid
L-ascorbic acid is a white to very pale yellow crystalline powder with a pleasant sharp acidic taste. Almost odorless. (NTP, 1992) L-ascorbic acid is the L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate. It has a role as a coenzyme, a flour treatment agent, a food antioxidant, a plant metabolite, a cofactor, a skin lightening agent and a geroprotector. It is an ascorbic acid and a vitamin C. It is a conjugate acid of a L-ascorbate. It is an enantiomer of a D-ascorbic acid. A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant. Ascorbic acid is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Ascorbic acid is a Vitamin C. Ascorbic Acid is a natural product found in Populus tremula, Rosa platyacantha, and other organisms with data available. Ascorbic Acid is a natural water-soluble vitamin (Vitamin C). Ascorbic acid is a potent reducing and antioxidant agent that functions in fighting bacterial infections, in detoxifying reactions, and in the formation of collagen in fibrous tissue, teeth, bones, connective tissue, skin, and capillaries. Found in citrus and other fruits, and in vegetables, vitamin C cannot be produced or stored by humans and must be obtained in the diet. (NCI04) A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant. See also: Sodium Ascorbate (active moiety of); D-ascorbic acid (related); Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate (active moiety of) ... View More ... G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones > G01 - Gynecological antiinfectives and antiseptics > G01A - Antiinfectives and antiseptics, excl. combinations with corticosteroids > G01AD - Organic acids A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A11 - Vitamins > A11G - Ascorbic acid (vitamin c), incl. combinations > A11GA - Ascorbic acid (vitamin c), plain B - Blood and blood forming organs > B03 - Antianemic preparations > B03A - Iron preparations > B03AA - Iron bivalent, oral preparations COVID info from clinicaltrial, clinicaltrials, clinical trial, clinical trials D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor[1][2][3]. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells[4]. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor[1][2][3]. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells[4].
Ascorbic acid 2-sulfate
Ascorbic acid 2-sulfate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as butenolides. These are dihydrofurans with a carbonyl group at the C2 carbon atom. Ascorbic acid 2-sulfate is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Ascorbic acid 2-sulfate is a metabolite of vitamin C. Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid or L-ascorbate, is an essential nutrient for humans and certain other animal species. In living organisms, ascorbate acts as an antioxidant by protecting the body against oxidative stress. It is also a cofactor in at least eight enzymatic reactions including several collagen synthesis reactions that, when dysfunctional, cause the most severe symptoms of scurvy (Wikipedia). D057847 - Lipid Regulating Agents > D000960 - Hypolipidemic Agents > D000924 - Anticholesteremic Agents D009676 - Noxae > D000963 - Antimetabolites
cis-4-Carboxymethylenebut-2-en-4-olide
This compound belongs to the family of Butenolides. These are dihydrofurans with a carbonyk group at the C2 carbon atom.
cis-2-Chloro-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-1,4-olide
This compound belongs to the family of Butenolides. These are dihydrofurans with a carbonyk group at the C2 carbon atom.
Protoanemonin
Protoanemonin (sometimes called anemonol or ranunculol) is a toxin found in all plants of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). On maceration, for example when the plant is wounded, it is produced by an enzymatic process from the glucoside ranunculin. It is the lactone of 4-hydroxy-2,4-pentadienoic acid. A wounded plant releases the substance, causing itch, rashes or blistering on contact with the skin or mucosa. (Wikipedia)
2,5-Dichloro-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-4-olide
This compound belongs to the family of Butenolides. These are dihydrofurans with a carbonyk group at the C2 carbon atom.
2-(S-Glutathionyl)acetyl chloride
C12H18ClN3O7S (383.05539480000004)
This compound belongs to the family of Peptides. These are compounds containing an amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another.
4-Hydroxy-2-butenoic acid gamma-lactone
4-Hydroxy-2-butenoic acid gamma-lactone is used as a food additive [EAFUS] ("EAFUS: Everything Added to Food in the United States. [http://www.eafus.com/]") D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D019440 - Anti-Obesity Agents > D001067 - Appetite Depressants 2(5H)-Furanone is an endogenous metabolite.
Furanone A
Furanone a, also known as alpha-Crotonolactone or 2-Furanone, is classified as a member of the butenolides. Butenolides are dihydrofurans with a carbonyl group at the C2 carbon atom. Furanone a is considered to be a soluble (in water) and an extremely weak acidic compound. Furanone a can be found in feces. D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D019440 - Anti-Obesity Agents > D001067 - Appetite Depressants
2-Chloro-5-methyl-cis-dienelactone
This compound belongs to the family of Butenolides. These are dihydrofurans with a carbonyk group at the C2 carbon atom.
3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone
C5H3Cl3O3 (215.91477780000002)
D009676 - Noxae > D002273 - Carcinogens D009676 - Noxae > D009153 - Mutagens
5,5-Dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone
Aroma component of hop extract, and of lavender, sagebrush, narcissus and salmon oils. 5,5-Dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone is found in fishes and herbs and spices. 5,5-Dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone is found in fishes. Aroma component of hop extract, and of lavender, sagebrush, narcissus and salmon oils.
Levistolide A
Levistolide B is found in herbs and spices. Levistolide B is a constituent of Levisticum officinale (lovage)
Norpandamarilactonine A
Norpandamarilactonine B is an alkaloid from Pandanus amaryllifolius. Norpandamarilactonine B is a food flavouring. Alkaloid from Pandanus amaryllifolius. Food flavouring
Pandamarilactonine A
Pandamarilactonine D is an alkaloid from Pandanus amaryllifolius. Pandamarilactonine D is a food flavouring. Alkaloid from Pandanus amaryllifolius. Food flavouring
5-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone
5-Ethylsotolone is produced in protein hydrolysates. Flavouring for foodstuffs
3-Hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone
Description: 3-Hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone or sotolone is key flavoring compound found in raw cane sugar, aged sake, coffee, fenugreek, lovage and wines. Sotolon (also known as sotolone) is a lactone and an extremely powerful aroma compound, with the typical smell of fenugreek or curry at high concentrations and maple syrup, caramel, or burnt sugar at lower concentrations. In 1999 it was shown that sotolone is the cause of the odor found in patients with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) - PMID 10234605. This compound was found in the urine of 7 MSUD patients but was undetectable in normal individuals. 3-Hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone belongs to the family of Butenolides. These are dihydrofurans with a carbonyl group at the C2 carbon atom. Key flavour compound found in raw cane sugar, aged sake, coffee, fenugreek, lovage and wines
Ipomeamaronolide
Ipomeamaronolide is found in potato. Ipomeamaronolide is isolated from Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) infected with Ceratocystis fimbriata. Isolated from Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) infected with Ceratocystis fimbriata. Ipomeamaronolide is found in root vegetables and potato.
xi-5-Isopropyl-2(5H)-furanone
xi-5-Isopropyl-2(5H)-furanone is found in fats and oils. xi-5-Isopropyl-2(5H)-furanone is a component of `hydrogenation flavour formed on storage of deodorised hydrogenated soybean oil. Component of `hydrogenation flavour formed on storage of deodorised hydrogenated soybean oil. xi-5-Isopropyl-2(5H)-furanone is found in fats and oils.
Bovolide
Constituent of peppermint oil. Bovolide is found in peppermint and herbs and spices. Bovolide is found in herbs and spices. Bovolide is a constituent of peppermint oil.
xi-3,5-Dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone
xi-3,5-Dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone is found in animal foods. xi-3,5-Dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone is a flavour component of the edible miller mushroom (Coprinus comatus), cooked bacon and smoke condensates. Flavour component of the edible miller mushroom (Coprinus comatus), cooked bacon and smoke condensates. xi-3,5-Dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone is found in mushrooms and animal foods.
L-erythro-5-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-2(5H)-furanone
L-erythro-5-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-2(5H)-furanone is found in root vegetables. L-erythro-5-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-2(5H)-furanone is a constituent of akaboshi zenmai (Osmunda japonica) fronds. Constituent of akaboshi zenmai (Osmunda japonica) fronds. L-erythro-5-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-2(5H)-furanone is found in root vegetables.
Zymonic acid
Zymonic acid is used as a flavour constituent for confectionery and tobacc
Pandanamine
Pandanamine is a food flavouring. Pandanamine is an alkaloid from Pandanus amaryllifoliu Food flavouring. Alkaloid from Pandanus amaryllifolius
5-Methyl-2(3H)-furanone
5-Methyl-2(3H)-furanone is a flavouring for baked goods, milk and meat produt Flavouring for baked goods, milk and meat produts α-Angelica lactone is a naturally occurring anticarcinogen and an vinylogous nucleophile. α-Angelica lactone can give the chiral δ-amino γ,γ-disubstituted butenolide carbonyl derivatives and exhibitselectrophilic trapping at the γ-carbon. α-Angelica lactone exerts strong chemoprotective effects by selective enhancement of glutathione-S-thansferase (GST) and UDP-glucononosyltransferase (UGT) detoxification enzymes[1][2][3][4]. α-Angelica lactone is a naturally occurring anticarcinogen and an vinylogous nucleophile. α-Angelica lactone can give the chiral δ-amino γ,γ-disubstituted butenolide carbonyl derivatives and exhibitselectrophilic trapping at the γ-carbon. α-Angelica lactone exerts strong chemoprotective effects by selective enhancement of glutathione-S-thansferase (GST) and UDP-glucononosyltransferase (UGT) detoxification enzymes[1][2][3][4].
Ascladiol
Ascladiol is found in cereals and cereal products. Toxin from Aspergillus clavatus in wheat flou
2-Nonenoic acid gamma-lactone
2-Nonenoic acid gamma-lactone is used as a food additive [EAFUS] ("EAFUS: Everything Added to Food in the United States. [http://www.eafus.com/]")
Pandamarilactam 3x
Pandamarilactam 3gamma is an alkaloid from Pandanus amaryllifolius. Pandamarilactam 3gamma is a food flavouring. Alkaloid from Pandanus amaryllifolius. Food flavouring.
trans-4-Carboxymethylenebut-2-en-4-olide
This compound belongs to the family of Butenolides. These are dihydrofurans with a carbonyk group at the C2 carbon atom.
2-O-Methylascorbic acid
2-O-Methylascorbic acid (2-O-MA) is a derivative of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). The enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase catalyzes the methylation of L-ascorbic acid into 2-O-methylascorbic acid (PMID: 7129800). 2-O-Methylascorbic acid belongs to the class of organic compounds known as butenolides. These are dihydrofurans with a carbonyl group at the C2 carbon atom. 2-O-Methylascorbic acid has been identified in urine and was found to be higher in older women than in younger women (PMID: 28813537).
Ascorbic acid 3-sulfate
Ascorbic acid 3-sulfate belongs to the class of organic compounds known as butenolides. These are dihydrofurans with a carbonyl group at the C2 carbon atom. Ascorbic acid 3-sulfate is a metabolite of vitamin C. Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid or L-ascorbate, is an essential nutrient for humans and certain other animal species. In living organisms, ascorbate acts as an antioxidant by protecting the body against oxidative stress. It is also a cofactor in at least eight enzymatic reactions including several collagen synthesis reactions that, when dysfunctional, cause the most severe symptoms of scurvy (Wikipedia). Ascorbic acid 3-sulfate has been identified in urine (PMID: 5572173).
Vitamin C phosphate
3,4-Dihydroxy-5-[(S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]furan-2(5H)-one
The L-form Occurs widely in animals and plants. Good sources are citrus fruits and hip berries. Isolated from ox adrenal cortex, lemons and paprika. [CCD]. Ascorbic acid is found in nanking cherry. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor[1][2][3]. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells[4]. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor[1][2][3]. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells[4].
Dehydroandrographolide
2-Hexen-4-olide
2-Hexen-4-olide is a member of the class of compounds known as butenolides. Butenolides are dihydrofurans with a carbonyl group at the C2 carbon atom. 2-hexen-4-olide is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). 2-hexen-4-olide is a spice tasting compound found in red raspberry, which makes 2-hexen-4-olide a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Taraxacine
Taraxacine is a member of the class of compounds known as butenolides. Butenolides are dihydrofurans with a carbonyl group at the C2 carbon atom. Taraxacine is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Taraxacine can be found in dandelion, which makes taraxacine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Ferrous ascorbate
Dietary supplement
Sodium erythorbate
Antioxidant, antimicrobial agent, appearance control agent, curing accelerator for baked goods, meat and cured meat products. Restricted use in Japan. Sodium erythorbate (C6H7NaO6) is a food additive used predominantly in meats, poultry, and soft drinks. Chemically, it is the sodium salt of erythorbic acid. When used in processed meat such as hot dogs and beef sticks, it reduces the rate at which nitrate reduces to nitric oxide, thus retaining the pink coloring. As an antioxidant structurally related to vitamin C, it helps improve flavor stability and prevents the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines. When used as a food additive, its E number is E316. Antioxidant, antimicrobial agent, appearance control agent, curing accelerator for baked goods, meat and cured meat products. Restricted use in Japan
2-chloro-trans-dienelactone
2-chloro-trans-dienelactone, also known as cis-2-chloro-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-1,4-olide, is a member of the class of compounds known as butenolides. Butenolides are dihydrofurans with a carbonyl group at the C2 carbon atom. 2-chloro-trans-dienelactone is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). 2-chloro-trans-dienelactone can be found in a number of food items such as giant butterbur, soy bean, common persimmon, and salmonberry, which makes 2-chloro-trans-dienelactone a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Disodium guanylate
Flavour enhancer. As it is a fairly expensive additive, it is not used independently of glutamic acid; if disodium guanylate is present in a list of ingredients but MSG does not appear to be, it is likely that glutamic acid is provided as part of another ingredient such as a processed soy protein complex. It is often added to foods in conjunction with disodium inosinate; the combination is known as disodium 5-ribonucleotides.; Disodium guanylate (E627), also known as sodium 5-guanylate and disodium 5-guanylate, is the disodium salt of the flavor enhancer guanosine monophosphate (GMP). Disodium guanylate is a food additive and is commonly used in conjunction with glutamic acid (monosodium glutamate, MSG). Flavour enhancer
Calcium ascorbate
Antioxidant. Calcium ascorbate is a compound with formula CaC12H14O12. It is the calcium salt of ascorbic acid. Antioxidant