Classification Term: 294
Indolines (ontology term: CHEMONTID:0001146)
Compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of pyrrolidine ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-dihydroindole." []
found 39 associated metabolites at sub_class metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: Indoles and derivatives
Child Taxonomies: 2,3-Cyclopentanoindolines
Indolin-2-one
1,3-Dihydro-(2H)-indol-2-one, also known as 2-oxindole or 2-indolinone, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolines. Indolines are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of pyrrolidine ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-dihydroindole. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2508 COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Oxindole (Indolin-2-one) is an aromatic heterocyclic building block. 2-indolinone derivatives have become lead compounds in the research of kinase inhibitors. Oxindole (Indolin-2-one) is an aromatic heterocyclic building block. 2-indolinone derivatives have become lead compounds in the research of kinase inhibitors.
Ropinirole
Ropinirole is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist, manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline. It is used in the treatment of Parkinsons disease, and is also one of two medications in the United States with an FDA-approved indication for the treatment of restless legs syndrome (the other being Pramipexole). [Wikipedia] D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D018726 - Anti-Dyskinesia Agents > D000978 - Antiparkinson Agents N - Nervous system > N04 - Anti-parkinson drugs > N04B - Dopaminergic agents > N04BC - Dopamine agonists D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D015259 - Dopamine Agents > D018491 - Dopamine Agonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C38149 - Antiparkinsonian Agent
1H-Indole-2,3-dione
Isatin is an indoledione that is the 2,3-diketo derivative of indole. It has a role as an EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor and a plant metabolite. Isatin is an indole derivative first obtained by Erdman and Laurent in 1841 as an oxidation product of Indigo dye with nitric acid and chromic acids. The compound is found in many plants and Schiff bases of Isatin are have been investigated for pharmaceutical applications. Isatin is a natural product found in Isatis tinctoria, Alteromonas, and other organisms with data available. An indole-dione that is obtained by oxidation of indigo blue. It is a MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR and high levels have been found in urine of PARKINSONISM patients. 1H-Indole-2,3-dione belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolines. These are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of pyrrolidine ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-dihydroindole. An indoledione that is the 2,3-diketo derivative of indole. COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS [Raw Data] CB237_Isatin_pos_20eV_rep000005.txt [Raw Data] CB237_Isatin_pos_50eV_rep000005.txt [Raw Data] CB237_Isatin_pos_30eV_rep000005.txt [Raw Data] CB237_Isatin_pos_40eV_rep000005.txt [Raw Data] CB237_Isatin_pos_10eV_rep000005.txt KEIO_ID I019 Isatin (Indoline-2,3-dione) is a potent inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO) with an IC50 of 3 μM. Also binds to central benzodiazepine receptors (IC50 against clonazepam, 123 μM)[1]. Also acts as an antagonist of both atrial natriuretic peptide stimulated and nitric oxide-stimulated guanylate cyclase activity[2]. Shows effect on the serotonergic system[3]. Isatin (Indoline-2,3-dione) is a potent inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO) with an IC50 of 3 μM. Also binds to central benzodiazepine receptors (IC50 against clonazepam, 123 μM)[1]. Also acts as an antagonist of both atrial natriuretic peptide stimulated and nitric oxide-stimulated guanylate cyclase activity[2]. Shows effect on the serotonergic system[3].
3-Hydroxy-2-oxoindole
3-Hydroxy-2-oxoindole is an oxidized indole derivative. Indoles are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of pyrrole ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-benzopyrrole. 3-hydroxy-2-oxoindole is a naturally occurring indole metabolite found in human urine (PMID: 11722560). It is a reduced form of the more abundant naturally occurring indole metabolite known as isatin (which is derived from the gut microbial metabolism of tryptophan). 3-hydroxy-2-oxoindole is generated via the activity of the enzyme known as isatin reductase, which is found in the liver and kidney (PMID: 11722560). It exhibits modest monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitory activity. D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D002800 - Cholinesterase Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D008996 - Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
3-Methyldioxyindole
3-Methyldioxyindole is a metabolite of aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) (K00128)(EC 1.2.1.3) formed during 3-methylindole metabolism (PMID: 88251990). It is the major urinary metabolite of 3-methylindole. (PMID: 2519781). It is thought that 3-Methyldioxyindole is an in vivo oxidation product of 3-methylindole which is a metabolic product of tryptophan, produced by bacteria in the colon (PMID: 2796599). 3-Methyldioxyindole is a metabolite of aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) (K00128)(EC 1.2.1.3) formed during 3-methylindole metabolism (PMID: 88251990). It is the major urinary metabolite of 3-methylindole. (PMID: 2519781).
Leukoaminochrome
Leukoaminochrome is formed by cyclization of dopamine o-quinone to dopaminochrome. Oxidation of leukoaminochrome to dopaminochrome and polymerization of dopaminochrome to neuromelanin . The DA oxidation can occur spontaneously, is accelerated by transition metal ions (Mn2+ or Fe2+), or can be catalyzed by a number of different enzymes [HMDB] Leukoaminochrome is formed by cyclization of dopamine o-quinone to dopaminochrome. Oxidation of leukoaminochrome to dopaminochrome and polymerization of dopaminochrome to neuromelanin. The DA oxidation can occur spontaneously, is accelerated by transition metal ions (Mn2+ or Fe2+), or can be catalyzed by a number of different enzymes.
(S)-Spirobrassinin
(S)-Spirobrassinin is found in brassicas. Phytoalexin of Raphanus sativus var. hortensis (Japanese radish Daikon
Cyclobranol
Cyclobranol is found in cereals and cereal products. Cyclobranol is a constituent of rice bran
(-)-3-Cyanomethyl-3-hydroxy-1H-indol-2(3H)-one
(-)-3-Cyanomethyl-3-hydroxy-1H-indol-2(3H)-one is found in brassicas. (-)-3-Cyanomethyl-3-hydroxy-1H-indol-2(3H)-one is an alkaloid from brassicas inoculated with Pseudomonas cichorii. Alkaloid from brassicas inoculated with Pseudomonas cichorii. (-)-3-Cyanomethyl-3-hydroxy-1H-indol-2(3H)-one is found in brassicas.
Sunitinib
Sunitinib is an oral, small-molecule, multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that was approved by the FDA for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) on January 26, 2006. Sunitinib inhibits cellular signaling by targeting multiple RTKs. These include all platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGF-R) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGF-R). Sunitinib also inhibits KIT (CD117), the RTK that drives the majority of GISTs. In addition, sunitinib inhibits other RTKs including RET, CSF-1R, and flt3. C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C2189 - Signal Transduction Inhibitor > C129824 - Antineoplastic Protein Inhibitor L - Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents > L01 - Antineoplastic agents > L01E - Protein kinase inhibitors C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C1742 - Angiogenesis Inhibitor > C93259 - VEGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C163953 - VEGFR-targeting Agent C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C164037 - PDGFR-targeting Agent C274 - Antineoplastic Agent > C163758 - Targeted Therapy Agent > C163999 - cKIT-targeting Agent C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C129825 - Antineoplastic Enzyme Inhibitor > C159198 - c-KIT Inhibitor C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C1404 - Protein Kinase Inhibitor > C1967 - Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor D006133 - Growth Substances > D043924 - Angiogenesis Modulating Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D020533 - Angiogenesis Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D047428 - Protein Kinase Inhibitors D006133 - Growth Substances > D006131 - Growth Inhibitors
Noradrenochrome o-semiquinone
Noradrenochrome o-semiquinone is a intermediate metabolite in the reduction of noradrenochrome. Noradrenochrome is an aminochrome and is closely related to adrenochrome and dopaminochrome. This compound is present in human brain, induces a combination of neurotoxic and mind-mood altering effect, and is therapeutic for the treatment of schizophrenia. noradrenochrome o-semiquinone is a intermediate metabolite in the reduction of noradrenochrome
Indigo Carmine
Indigo carmine, also known as C.I. Pigment Blue 63, or indigo blue, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolines. Indolines are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of pyrrolidine ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-dihydroindole. Indigo carmine is an indigo derivative that is produced by sulfonation of indigo, which makes the compound water soluble (up to 10 g/L). Indigo carmine exists as a bright purple solid and is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). It is approved for use as a food colorant in the U.S and E.U. It is also used as a medical dye. In obstetric surgery, indigo carmine solutions are sometimes employed to detect amniotic fluid leaks. In urologic surgery, intravenous injection of indigo carmine is often used to highlight portions of the urinary tract. The dye is filtered rapidly by the kidneys from the blood, and colors the urine blue. This enables structures of the urinary tract to be seen in the surgical field and demonstrates if there is a leak. A frequently encountered cardiovascular effect of intravenous indigo carmine administration is temporary alpha-receptor stimulation. Skin discoloration may occur at high doses. According to one study, the primary action of indigo carmine appears to be at the level of nitric oxide generation and/or its release from the endothelium. In addition to this, indigo carmine appears to inhibit vascular smooth muscle guanylyl cyclase. Therefore, indigo carmine may increase blood pressure by interfering with these nitric oxide-mediated vasodilatory mechanisms. Moreover, incubation of isotopically labeled indigo carmine with intestinal contents of rats for 48 h suggested that isatin-5-sulphonic acid and 5-sulphoanthranilic acid may possibly be metabolites formed by intestinal bacterial metabolism of the drug. D004396 - Coloring Agents
Melatonin radical
This compound belongs to the family of Indolines. These are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of pyrrolidine ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-dihydroindole.
Aminochrome o-semiquinone
This compound belongs to the family of Indolines. These are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of pyrrolidine ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-dihydroindole.
N-despropyl ropinirole
N-despropyl ropinirole is a metabolite of ropinirole. Ropinirole (INN; trade names Requip, Ropark, Adartrel) is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist. It is manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Cipla and Sun Pharmaceutical. It is used in the treatment of Parkinsons disease. Ropinirole is one of three medications approved by the FDA to treat Restless Leg Syndrome, the other two being pramipexole (Mirapex) and gabapentin enacarbil (Horizant). The discovery of the drugs utility in RLS has been used as a successful example of drug repurposing. (Wikipedia)
2-Oxomelatonin
2-Oxomelatonin is a metabolite of melatonin. Melatonin Listen/ˌmɛləˈtoʊnɪn/, also known chemically as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, is a naturally occurring compound found in animals, plants, and microbes. In animals, circulating levels of the hormone melatonin vary in a daily cycle, thereby allowing the entrainment of the circadian rhythms of several biological functions. (Wikipedia)
3-Hydroxymelatonin
3-Hydroxymelatonin is a metabolite of melatonin. Melatonin Listen/ˌmɛləˈtoʊnɪn/, also known chemically as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, is a naturally occurring compound found in animals, plants, and microbes. In animals, circulating levels of the hormone melatonin vary in a daily cycle, thereby allowing the entrainment of the circadian rhythms of several biological functions. (Wikipedia)
Indigo
Indigo (indigo dye or indigotin) is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color. It is an oxindole dimer consisting of two fused oxindole rings. Indoles are compounds which consist of a pyrrole ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-benzopyrrole. Indigo is found in both plants and animals and has been detected in human urine and human tissues (PMID: 11076521; PMID: 8667928). The natural precursor to indigo is indican, a colorless, water-soluble derivative of the amino acid tryptophan. Indican readily hydrolyzes to release β-D-glucose and indoxyl. Oxidation of indoxyl by CYP450 enzymes in the liver or kidneys can convert indoxyl to indigo (PMID: 11076521). Likewise, exposure to air can convert indoxyl to indigo. In addition to the mammalian production of minute amounts of indigo, this chemical can also be recovered in far larger amounts from plants. Historically, indigo has been extracted from the leaves of certain plants of the Indigofera genus, in particular Indigofera tinctoria. Indigofera plants were commonly grown and used throughout the world for the production of indigo dyestuff. This was economically important due to the previous rarity of some blue dyestuffs historically. India was the primary supplier of indigo to Europe as early as the Greco-Roman era. The association of India with indigo is reflected in the Greek word for the dye, indikón. The Romans latinized the term to indicum, which passed into Italian dialect and eventually into English as the word indigo. Most indigo dye produced today is synthetic, constituting several thousand tons each year. It is most commonly associated with the production of denim cloth and blue jeans.
Indirubin
Indirubin or indigo red is an organic compound with a distinctive deep red/orange color. It is an oxindole dimer consisting of two fused oxindole rings. Indoles are compounds which consist of a pyrrole ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-benzopyrrole. Indirubin is found in both plants and animals and has been detected in human urine and human tissues (PMID: 11076521; PMID: 8667928). The precursor to indirubin is indican, a colorless, water-soluble derivative of the amino acid tryptophan which is converted to indole via microbial metabolism. Indican readily hydrolyzes to release β-D-glucose and indoxyl. Oxidation of indoxyl by CYP450 enzymes in the liver or kidneys can convert indoxyl to indirubin (PMID: 11076521). Likewise, exposure to air can convert indoxyl to indirubin. In addition to the mammalian production of minute amounts of indirubin, this chemical can also be recovered in far larger amounts from plants. Historically, indirubin has been extracted from the leaves of certain plants of the Indigofera genus, in particular Indigofera tinctoria. Indigofera plants were commonly grown and used throughout the world for the production of dyes. Indirubin is a chemical constituent of indigo naturalis (also known as qing dai), which has been used for hundreds of years in traditional Chinese medicine. It is produced by collecting the waste products from the bacterial degradation of specific forms of vegetation. Indirubin has shown anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenesis properties in vitro (PMID: 21207415). It has also been studied for potential use in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (PMID: 23674882). D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents D004396 - Coloring Agents Indirubin (Couroupitine B) is a bis-indole alkaloid and has emarkable anticancer activity against chronic myelocytic leukemia[1][2]. Indirubin (Couroupitine B) is a bis-indole alkaloid and has emarkable anticancer activity against chronic myelocytic leukemia[1][2].
N-(2-(Diethylamino)ethyl)-5-((5-fluoro-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)methyl)-2,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide
5-Hydroxyoxindole
5-Hydroxyoxindole is a structural analog of uric acid. 5-Hydroxyoxindole has DPPH radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation-inhibitory activities. 5-Hydroxyoxindole can be used for the research of oxidative stress-mediated disorders[1]. 5-Hydroxyoxindole is a structural analog of uric acid. 5-Hydroxyoxindole has DPPH radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation-inhibitory activities. 5-Hydroxyoxindole can be used for the research of oxidative stress-mediated disorders[1].
Indoline
indoline, also known as dihydroindole, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indolines. Indolines are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of pyrrolidine ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-dihydroindole. Indoline is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C8H9N. The compound is based on the indole structure, but the 2-3 bond is saturated. indoline is a strong basic compound (based on its pKa). By oxidation/dehydrogenation it can be converted to indoles. It has a bicyclic structure, consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused to a five-membered nitrogen-containing ring. Indoline was used to make Indocaine. This compound has been identified in human blood as reported by (PMID: 31557052 ). Indoline is not a naturally occurring metabolite and is only found in those individuals exposed to this compound or its derivatives. Technically Indoline is part of the human exposome. The exposome can be defined as the collection of all the exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. An individual's exposure begins before birth and includes insults from environmental and occupational sources.
Methyl (3R,3'S,8'S,10'R)-2-oxospiro[1H-indole-3,12'-5,11-dioxa-1-azatricyclo[8.4.0.03,8]tetradec-6-ene]-7'-carboxylate
3-(1H-Imidazol-5-ylmethylene)-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one
Streptococcal polysaccharide Ia group B
1H-Pyrrole-3-carboxamide, 5-((5-fluoro-1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-ylidene)methyl)-N-((2S)-2-hydroxy-3-(4-morpholinyl)propyl)-2,4-dimethyl-
(Z)-5-Chloro-3-((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)indolin-2-one
3-[(3-(2-Carboxyethyl)-4-methylpyrrol-2-YL)methylene]-2-indolinone
(3z)-N,N-Dimethyl-2-Oxo-3-(4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-1h-Indol-2-Ylmethylidene)-2,3-Dihydro-1h-Indole-5-Sulfonamide
3-(2,4-Dimethyl-5-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydroindol-3-ylidenemethyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)propionic acid
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D047428 - Protein Kinase Inhibitors
1-[(5-Methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-3-yl)methylideneamino]-2-pentylguanidine
Indigotin disulfonate sodium
Colour additive for food
