Classification Term: 2440
Hybrid peptides (ontology term: CHEMONTID:0002010)
Compounds containing at least two different types of amino acids (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) linked to each other through a peptide bond." []
found 123 associated metabolites at sub_class metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: Peptidomimetics
Child Taxonomies: Hybrid glycopeptides
Carnosine
Carnosine, which is also known as beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide consisting of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine. It is found exclusively in animal tissues and is naturally produced in the body by the liver. Carnosine has a pKa value of 6.83, making it a good buffer for the pH range of animal muscles. Since beta-alanine is a non-proteogenic amino acid and is not incorporated into proteins, carnosine can be stored at relatively high concentrations (millimolar) in muscles, with concentrations as high as 17–25 mmol/kg (dry muscle). Carnosine is also highly concentrated in brain tissues. Carnosine has been shown to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as alpha-beta unsaturated aldehydes formed from peroxidation of fatty acids during oxidative stress. The antioxidant mechanism of carnosine is attributed to its chelating effect against divalent metal ions, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, as well as its ROS and free radicals scavenging ability (PMID: 16406688). Carnosine also buffers muscle cells, and acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain. Carnosine has the potential to suppress many of the biochemical changes that accompany ageing (e.g. protein oxidation, glycation, AGE formation, and cross-linking) and associated pathologies (PMID: 16804013). Some autistic patients take carnosine as a dietary supplement and attribute an improvement in their condition to it. Supplemental carnosine may increase corticosterone levels. This may explain the "hyperactivity" seen in autistic subjects at higher doses. A positive association between muscle tissue carnosine concentration and exercise performance has been found. β-Alanine supplementation is thought increase exercise performance by promoting carnosine production in muscle. Exercise has conversely been found to increase muscle carnosine concentrations, and muscle carnosine content is higher in athletes engaging in anaerobic exercise. Carnosine is also a biomarker for the consumption of meat. Elevated levels of urinary and plasma carnosine are associated with carnosinuria (also known as carnosinemia), which is an inborn error of metabolism. caused by a deficiency of the enzyme carnosinase. Carnosinas cleaves carnosine into its constituent amino acids: β-Alanine and histidine. Carnonsinemia results in an excess of carnosine in the urine, cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and nervous tissue. A variety of neurological symptoms have been associated with carnosinemia. They include: hypotonia, developmental delay, mental retardation, degeneration of axons, sensory neuropathy, tremors, demyelinization, gray matter anomalies, myoclonic seizures, and loss of purkinje fibers. [Spectral] Carnosine (exact mass = 226.10659) and L-Lysine (exact mass = 146.10553) were not completely separated on HPLC under the present analytical conditions as described in AC$XXX. Additionally some of the peaks in this data contains dimers and other unidentified ions. L-Carnosine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=305-84-0 (retrieved 2024-07-02) (CAS RN: 305-84-0). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). L-Carnosine is a dipeptide of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine and has the potential to suppress many of the biochemical changes that accompany aging. L-Carnosine is a dipeptide of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine and has the potential to suppress many of the biochemical changes that accompany aging. L-Carnosine is a dipeptide of the amino acids beta-alanine and histidine and has the potential to suppress many of the biochemical changes that accompany aging.
Anserine
Anserine (beta-alanyl-N-3-methylhistidine) is a dipeptide containing beta-alanine and 3-methylhistidine. It is a derivative of carnosine, which had been methylated. The methyl group of anserine is added to carnosine by the enzyme S-adenosylmethionine: carnosine N-methyltransferase (PMID: 29484990). The enzyme is closely related to histamine N-methyltransferase and appears to be present in a majority of anserine-producing species (PMID: 23705015). Anserine is a generally a more metabolically stable derivative of carnosine. Anserine can be found in the skeletal muscle and brain of certain mammals (rabbits, cattle), migratory fish and birds. This dipeptide is normally absent from human tissues and body fluids, and its appearance there is usually an artifact of diet. Anserine can also arise from serum carnosinase deficiency. (OMIM 212200). Anserine was first discovered in goose muscle in 1929, and was named after this extraction (anser is Latin for goose). Anserine, which is water-soluble, is found at high levels in the muscles of different non-human vertebrates, with poultry, rabbit, tuna, plaice, and salmon having generally higher contents than other marine foods, beef, or pork (PMID: 31908682). An increase of urinary anserine excretion has been found in humans after the consumption of chicken, rabbit, and tuna and has been associated with intake of chicken, salmon, and, to a lesser extent, beef (PMID: 31908682). Anserine can undergo cleavage to give rise to 3-methylhistidine.(3-MH). The dipeptide balenine, common in some whales, cleaves to form 1-methylhistidine (1-MH) (PMID: 31908682). There is considerable confusion with regard to the nomenclature of the methylated nitrogen atoms on the imidazole ring of histidine and other histidine-containing peptides such as anserine. In particular, older literature (mostly prior to the year 2000) designated anserine (N-pi methylated) as beta-alanyl-N1-methyl-histidine, whereas according to standard IUPAC nomenclature, anserine is correctly named as beta-alanyl-N3-methyl-histidine. As a result, many papers published prior to the year 2000 incorrectly identified 1MH as a specific marker for dietary consumption of certain foods or various pathophysiological effects when they really were referring to 3MH or vice versa (PMID: 24137022). In particular balenine (a whale or snake-specific dipeptide with 1MH) was often confused with anserine (the poultry dipeptide with 3MH). An animal model study of Alzheimers disease using mice found that treatment with anserine reduced memory loss (PMID: 28974740). Anserine reduced glial inflammatory activity (particularly of astrocyte). The study also found that anserine-treated mice had greater pericyte surface area. The greater area of pericytes was commensurate with improved memory. The anserine-treated mice overall performed better on a spatial memory test (Morris Water Maze) (PMID: 28974740). A human study on 84 elderly subjects showed that subjects who took anserine and carnosine supplements for one year showed increased blood flow in the prefrontal cortex on MRI (PMID: 29896423). Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant KEIO_ID A140; [MS2] KO008819 KEIO_ID A140; [MS3] KO008820 KEIO_ID A140 Anserine, a methylated form of Carnosine, is an orally active, natural Histidine-containing dipeptide found in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. Anserine is not cleaved by serum carnosinase and act as biochemical buffers, chelators, antioxidants, and anti-glycation agents. Anserine improves memory functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-model mice[1][2]. Anserine, a methylated form of Carnosine, is an orally active, natural Histidine-containing dipeptide found in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. Anserine is not cleaved by serum carnosinase and act as biochemical buffers, chelators, antioxidants, and anti-glycation agents. Anserine improves memory functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-model mice[1][2].
beta-Alanyl-L-lysine
This compound belongs to the family of Hybrid Peptides. These are compounds containing at least two different types of amino acids (alpha, beta, gamma, delta). KEIO_ID A127
Homocarnosine
Homocarnosine is a normal human metabolite, the brain-specific dipeptide of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine. (PMID 1266573). Increased concentration of CSF homocarnosine has been found in familial spastic paraplegia. (PMID 842287). Homocarnosinosis (an inherited disorder, OMIM 236130) is characterized by an elevated level of the dipeptide homocarnosine (Hca) in the Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the brain and by carnosinuria and serum carnosinase deficiency, and can co-exist with paraplegia, retinitis pigmentosa, and a progressive mental deficiency. (PMID 3736769). In glial tumors of human brain the content of homocarnosine has been found to be lower than in brain tissue (PMID 1032224), while an increase in content of homocarnosine was observed in brain tissue of animals under experimental trauma of cranium. (PMID 1025883). Homocarnosine is a normal human metabolite, the brain-specific dipeptide of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine. (PMID 1266573) Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. KEIO_ID H013; [MS3] KO008992 KEIO_ID H013; [MS2] KO008991 KEIO_ID H013
D-Pantothenoyl-L-cysteine
D-Pantothenoyl-L-cysteine is involved in the pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathway. D-Pantothenoyl-L-cysteine can be converted into (R)-4-Phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine or Pantetheine by type I pantothenate kinase [EC:2.7.1.33] or [4.1.1.30], respectively. [HMDB] D-Pantothenoyl-L-cysteine is involved in the pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathway. D-Pantothenoyl-L-cysteine can be converted into (R)-4-Phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine or Pantetheine by type I pantothenate kinase [EC:2.7.1.33] or [4.1.1.30], respectively.
4'-Phosphopantothenoylcysteine
4-Phosphopantothenoylcysteine, also known as pantothenoylcysteine 4-phosphate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hybrid peptides. Hybrid peptides are compounds containing at least two different types of amino acids (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) linked to each other through a peptide bond. 4-Phosphopantothenoylcysteine is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). Within humans, 4-phosphopantothenoylcysteine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, cytidine monophosphate and 4-phosphopantothenoylcysteine can be biosynthesized from cytidine triphosphate, D-4-phosphopantothenate, and L-cysteine through the action of the enzyme phosphopantothenate--cysteine ligase. 4-Phosphopantothenoylcysteine (PPC) is an intermediate in the biosynthetic machinery (pathway) that converts pantothenate (vitamin B5) into coenzyme A (CoA). The enzyme phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase catalyzes the decarboxylation of PPC into 4-phosphopantetheine. Coenzyme A is the principal acyl carrier and is required for many synthetic and degradative reactions in intermediary metabolism, and is an essential cofactor in all living systems (PMID: 15450493, 16371361, 14501115). 4-Phosphopantothenoylcysteine (PPC) is an intermediate in the biosynthetic machinery (pathway) that converts pantothenate (vitamin B5) into coenzyme A (CoA). The enzyme Phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase catalyzes the decarboxylation of PPC to 4-phosphopantetheine. Coenzyme A is the principal acyl carrier and is required for many synthetic and degradative reactions in intermediary metabolism, and is an essential cofactor in all living systems. (PMID: 15450493, 16371361, 14501115) [HMDB]
L-L-Homoglutathione
L-l-homoglutathione is a member of the class of compounds known as hybrid peptides. Hybrid peptides are compounds containing at least two different types of amino acids (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) linked to each other through a peptide bond. L-l-homoglutathione is practically insoluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). L-l-homoglutathione can be found in pulses, which makes L-l-homoglutathione a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. L-L-Homoglutathione is found in pulses. L-L-Homoglutathione occurs in seeds of various legume
beta-Alanyl-L-arginine
This compound belongs to the family of Hybrid Peptides. These are compounds containing at least two different types of amino acids (alpha, beta, gamma, delta).
From Dolabella auricularia (sea hare)
Dolastatin 10 (DLS 10) is a potent antimitotic peptide that inhibits tubulin polymerization.
N-acetylcarnosine
N-Acetylcarnosine (NAC) is a naturally-occurring compound chemically related to the dipeptide carnosine. Its molecular structure is similar to carnosine with the exception that it carries an additional acetyl group. This makes NAC a more stable molecule which is not easily destroyed by carnosinase, an enzyme that breaks down carnosine to its constituent amino acids, beta-alanine and histidine.; NAC is a free-radical scavenger and is particularly active against lipid peroxidation in the different parts of the lens in the eye. It is the active ingredient of eye drops used in order to prevent or treat cataract. [HMDB] N-Acetylcarnosine (NAC) is a naturally-occurring compound chemically related to the dipeptide carnosine. Its molecular structure is similar to carnosine with the exception that it carries an additional acetyl group. This makes NAC a more stable molecule which is not easily destroyed by carnosinase, an enzyme that breaks down carnosine to its constituent amino acids, beta-alanine and histidine. NAC is a free-radical scavenger and is particularly active against lipid peroxidation in the different parts of the lens in the eye. It is the active ingredient of eye drops used in order to prevent or treat cataract. N-Acetylcarnosine, a natural histidine-containing dipeptide, is a source of pharmacological principal L-carnosine. N-Acetylcarnosine is a potent ophthalmic agent in human cataracts[1].
L-beta-aspartyl-L-glutamic acid
L-beta-aspartyl-l-glutamic acid is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411). A dipeptide found in urine (PMID: 3782411). This is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. [HMDB]
L-beta-aspartyl-L-serine
L-beta-aspartyl-l-serine is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411). A dipeptide found in urine (PMID: 3782411). This is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. [HMDB]
Homoanserine
Homoanserine (N-(4-Aminobutyryl)-L-histidine) is a dipeptide identified in the brain and muscles of mammals. (PMID 3780724, 6078589) It has been found that homoanserine is not merely deposited in skeletal muscles but that is actively synthesized by muscle cells in culture. (PMID 8307008) [HMDB] Homoanserine (N-(4-Aminobutyryl)-L-histidine) is a dipeptide identified in the brain and muscles of mammals. (PMID 3780724, 6078589) It has been found that homoanserine is not merely deposited in skeletal muscles but that is actively synthesized by muscle cells in culture. (PMID 8307008).
L-beta-aspartyl-L-aspartic acid
L-beta-aspartyl-l-aspartic acid is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411). A dipeptide found in urine (PMID: 3782411). This is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. [HMDB] β-Aspartylaspartic acid is a natural compound found in Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) Shoots[1].
L-beta-aspartyl-L-glycine
L-beta-aspartyl-l-glycine is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of Acyl Glycines. These are organic compounds containing a glycine residue with the N-atom attached to another moiety through an N-ester bond. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411). A dipeptide found in urine (PMID: 3782411). This is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. [HMDB]
Balenine
Balenine has been identified in the muscles of several species of mammal (including man), and the chicken. [HMDB] Balenine has been identified in the muscles of several species of mammal (including man), and the chicken.
Islanditoxin
Islanditoxin is a mycotoxin produced by the common food storage mould Penicillium islandicu
gamma-Aminobutyryllysine
gamma-Aminobutyryllysine, also known as N2-(4-amino-1-oxobutyl)-lysine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hybrid peptides. Hybrid peptides are compounds containing at least two different types of amino acids (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) linked to each other through a peptide bond. gamma-Aminobutyryllysine is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). gamma-Aminobutyryllysine is a dipeptide present in the human brain. This dipeptide occurs in much higher concentrations in the human brain than in the brains of lower mammals (PMID: 5559257). Adult brain and cerebrospinal fluid gamma-aminobutyryllysine levels and adult brain homocarnosine levels are higher than those found in children (PMID: 5031796). g-Aminobutyryl-lysine is a dipeptide present in human brain. This dipeptide occurs in much higher concentrations in human brain than in the brains of lower mammals. (PMID 5559257 )
Astin I
Astin I is found in fruits. Astin I is a constituent of Actinidia kolomikta (kiwi fruit). Constituent of Actinidia kolomikta (kiwi fruit). Astin I is found in fruits.
gamma-Glutamyl-S-methylcysteinyl-beta-alanine
gamma-Glutamyl-S-methylcysteinyl-beta-alanine is found in pulses. gamma-Glutamyl-S-methylcysteinyl-beta-alanine is a constituent of the seeds of the mung bean (Vigna radiata). Constituent of the seeds of the mung bean (Vigna radiata). gamma-Glutamyl-S-methylcysteinyl-beta-alanine is found in pulses.
Cyclochlorotine
Cyclochlorotine is a mycotoxin produced by the common food storage mould Penicillium islandicu
Cyclopassifloic acid D
Cyclopassifloic acid D is found in fruits. Cyclopassifloic acid D is a constituent of Passiflora edulis (passion fruit)
L-beta-aspartyl-L-alanine
L-beta-aspartyl-l-alanine is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411). A dipeptide found in urine (PMID: 3782411). This is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. [HMDB]
Glutamylaspartic acid
Glutamylaspartic acid is a dipeptide composed of glutamate and aspartic acid, and is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha amino acids and derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at its terminal nitrogen atom. Glutamylaspartic acid is an incomplete breakdown product of protein digestion or protein catabolism. Some dipeptides are known to have physiological or cell-signaling effects although most are simply short-lived intermediates on their way to specific amino acid degradation pathways following further proteolysis. Glutamylaspartic acid is found in pulses and soybean.
L-beta-aspartyl-L-leucine
L-beta-aspartyl-l-leucine is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411). A dipeptide found in urine (PMID: 3782411). This is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. [HMDB]
L-beta-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine
L-beta-aspartyl-l-phenylalanine is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411). A dipeptide found in urine (PMID: 3782411). This is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. [HMDB]
L-beta-aspartyl-L-threonine
L-beta-aspartyl-l-threonine is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha Amino Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing an alpha amino acid which bears an acyl group at his terminal nitrogen atom. It is found in urine (PMID: 3782411). A dipeptide found in urine (PMID: 3782411). This is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. [HMDB]
Pentagastrin
Pentagastrin is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid. [PubChem]The exact mechanism by which pentagastrin stimulates gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor secretion is unknown; however, since pentagastrin is an analogue of natural gastrin, it is believed that it excites the oxyntic cells of the stomach to secrete to their maximum capacity. Pentagastrin stimulates pancreatic secretion, especially when administered in large intramuscular doses. Pentagastrin also increases gastrointestinal motility by a direct effect on the intestinal smooth muscle. However, it delays gastric emptying time probably by stimulation of terminal antral contractions, which enhance retropulsion. Pentagastrin (ICI-50123) is a potent, selective Cholecystokinin B (CCKB) receptor antagonists with IC50 values of 11 nM and 1100 nM for CCKB and CCKA, respectively. Pentagastrin enhances gastric mucosal defense mechanisms against acid and protects the gastric mucosa from experimental injury[1].[2].
Telaprevir
Telaprevir (VX-950) is a highly selective and potent inhibitor of the HCV NS3-4A serine protease. It is a member of a class of antiviral drugs known as protease inhibitors and is the first hepatitis C drug that has demonstrated activity in patients who have failed prior therapy. On April 28, 2011, the FDA Antiviral Drugs Advisory Committee voted 18-0 to recommend approval telaprevir for people with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C and was approved in the U.S. in May, 2011. J - Antiinfectives for systemic use > J05 - Antivirals for systemic use > J05A - Direct acting antivirals > J05AP - Antivirals for treatment of hcv infections C254 - Anti-Infective Agent > C281 - Antiviral Agent C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor > C783 - Protease Inhibitor
Alvimopan
Alvimopan is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a peripherally selective opioid antagonist being investigated for the treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases and disorders.Alvimopan competitively binds to mu-opioid receptor in the gastrointestinal tract. Unlike methylnaltrexone (another peripherally acting mu-receptor antagonist) that bears a quaternary amine, alvimopan owes its selectivity for peripheral receptors to its kinetics. Alvimopan binds to peripheral mu-receptors with a Ki of 0.2 ng/mL and dissociates slower than most other ligands. A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A06 - Drugs for constipation > A06A - Drugs for constipation > A06AH - Peripheral opioid receptor antagonists C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C681 - Opiate Antagonist D005765 - Gastrointestinal Agents
Alanylaspartic acid
Alanylaspartic acid is a dipeptide composed of alanine and aspartic acid. It is an incomplete breakdown product of protein digestion or protein catabolism. Some dipeptides are known to have physiological or cell-signaling effects although most are simply short-lived intermediates on their way to specific amino acid degradation pathways following further proteolysis.
Bis-gamma-glutamylcysteinylbis-beta-alanine
Bis-gamma-glutamylcysteinylbis-beta-alanine is found in pulses. Peptide present in the seeds of the mung bean (Vigna radiata
(2R)-2-[[(2S,3R)-3-Amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butanoyl]amino]-4-methyl-pentanoic acid
cryptophycin
3-(N-Maleimidopropionyl)biocytin
Cyanoginosin
Ac-DEVD-CHO
3-[2-[[2-[[2-Acetamido-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]-4-oxobutanoic acid
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D015853 - Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors Ac-YVAD-CHO (L-709049) is a potent, reversible, specific tetrapeptide interleukin-lβ converting enzyme (ICE) inhibitor with mouse and human Ki values of 3.0 and 0.76 nM. Ac-YVAD-CHO is also a caspase-1 inhibitor. Ac-YVAD-CHO can suppress the production of mature IL-lβ[1][2][3].
N-Acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-CHO
Acrip
Amastatin
Apstatin
Arginine-glycine-aspartate-O-methyltyrosine amide
Arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-phenylalanine
Auristatin E
Boc-phepsi(CH(OH)CH2)phe-val-phe-morpholine
Boceprevir
Acetyl-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-chloromethylketone
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D015853 - Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors D009676 - Noxae > D000477 - Alkylating Agents > D000590 - Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones
Caspase-3 Inhibitor III
3-[[(2S)-3-(4-Phenylphenyl)-2-(phosphonomethylamino)propanoyl]amino]propanoic acid
2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-2-Carboxy-2-hydroxyethyl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-phenylbutanoic acid
D-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2
Cholecystokinin (10-20)
Cholecystokinin (26-33)
Cryptophycin 52
Cyclo(D-Trp-D-Asp-Pro-D-Ile-Leu)
delta Sleep-inducing peptide, N-tyr-
Devd-amc
Devd-cho
D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors > D011480 - Protease Inhibitors > D015853 - Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors
Ditekiren
Emricasan
Enalkiren
Evogliptin
Fam-vad-fmk
gamma-Melanotropin
Glaspimod
Glu-Ile-Leu-Asp-Val
H-Ala-gln-asp-phe-val-gln-trp-leu-met-asn-thr-OH
GluR3B peptide
L-Methioninamide, N-(5-amino-1-oxopentyl)-L-phenylalanyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-
Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone
Isovaleryl-Val-Val-Sta-OEt
Cck-jmv-180
D006730 - Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists > D006728 - Hormones
Kynostatin 227
3-Amino-3-methyl-N-[(3R)-2-oxo-1-[[4-[2-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-3H-1-benzazepin-3-yl]butanamide
Butanoic acid, 3-((2-((3R)-2-oxo-3-(2-(4-piperidinyl)ethyl)-1-piperidinyl)acetyl)amino)-, (3R)-
Laccase
Leconotide
Microcystin LW
microcystin RR
Microcystin-LR
MMAE
Mmaf
N-Acetylcarnosine
Narlaprevir
Neuropeptide EI rat
Noa-Asn-Apns-Dmt-NH-tBu
Nodularin-R
Pancreatic polypeptide, avian
beta-Alanyl-L-histidine
Phosphoglucomutase, also known as rnase, pancreatic or pancreatic rnase, is a member of the class of compounds known as hybrid peptides. Hybrid peptides are compounds containing at least two different types of amino acids (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) linked to each other through a peptide bond. Phosphoglucomutase is soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Phosphoglucomutase can be found in soy bean, which makes phosphoglucomutase a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Phosphoglucomutase (EC 5.4.2.2) is an enzyme that transfers a phosphate group on an α-D-glucose monomer from the 1 to the 6 position in the forward direction or the 6 to the 1 position in the reverse direction .
Acetyldiphenylalanyl-leucyl-aspartyl-isoleucyl-isoleucyl-tryptophan
Peforelin
Phalloidine
Preproenkephalin
Q-VD-OPh
D009676 - Noxae > D000477 - Alkylating Agents > D000590 - Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones
RADA16-I
Rebimastat
Sampatrilat
beta-Alanine, N-(N-(1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl)-L-phenylalanyl)-, (S)-
beta-Alanine, N-(N-(2-((2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methoxy)-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)ethyl)-L-phenylalanyl)-
Benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl Fluoromethyl Ketone
Soblidotin
Tasidotin
Tetrapeptide
Tripeptide
Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-chloromethyl ketone
L-Alanine, N-(2,6-dichloro-4-(((3-(2-furanyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino)methyl)benzoyl)-3-(((4R)-4-thiazolidinylcarbonyl)amino)-
Urotensin I
Z-Devd-fmk
Benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone
Z-Vdvad-fmk
Ziconotide
(2R)-2-Acetyl-1-[(2S)-2-[acetyl-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-6-aminohexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
(Betas)-beta-(((2S)-2-(4,4-Dimethyl-3-((4-((((2-methylphenyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)phenyl)methyl)-2,5-dioxo-1-imidazolidinyl)-4-methyl-1-oxopentyl)amino)benzenepropanoic acid
(S)-N-((S)-1-Amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-2-((S)-2-mercapto-4-(3,4,4-trimethyl-2,5-dioxoimidazolidin-1-yl)butanamido)-N,4-dimethylpentanamide
L-Valine, glycyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-prolyl-L-prolyl-L-prolylglycyl-L-lysyl-L-prolyl-L-alanyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-leucyl-
gamma-Secretase Inhibitor II
L-Phenylalaninamide,L-prolyl-L-histidyl-L-prolyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-histidyl-(3S,4S)-4-amino-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptanoyl-L-isoleucyl-(9CI)
Cyanidin 3-(3'-malonylglucoside)
Cyanidin 3-(3-malonylglucoside) is a member of the class of compounds known as anthocyanidin-3-o-glycosides. Anthocyanidin-3-o-glycosides are phenolic compounds containing one anthocyanidin moiety which is O-glycosidically linked to a carbohydrate moiety at the C3-position. Cyanidin 3-(3-malonylglucoside) is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Cyanidin 3-(3-malonylglucoside) can be found in garlic, which makes cyanidin 3-(3-malonylglucoside) a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Casein
D064449 - Sequestering Agents > D002614 - Chelating Agents > D002364 - Caseins It is used as a food additive .
R-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine
R-4-phosphopantothenoyl-l-cysteine is a member of the class of compounds known as hybrid peptides. Hybrid peptides are compounds containing at least two different types of amino acids (alpha, beta, gamma, delta) linked to each other through a peptide bond. R-4-phosphopantothenoyl-l-cysteine is slightly soluble (in water) and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). R-4-phosphopantothenoyl-l-cysteine can be found in a number of food items such as peach, chia, persian lime, and yellow pond-lily, which makes R-4-phosphopantothenoyl-l-cysteine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
