Classification Term: 170486
Proanthocyanins (ontology term: 03b0bf3bece92370835d87291f7154cf)
found 500 associated metabolites at sub_class
metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: Flavonoids
Child Taxonomies: There is no child term of current ontology term.
Procyanidin C1
Procyanidin C1 is a proanthocyanidin consisting of three (-)-epicatechin units joined by two successive (4beta->8)-linkages. It has a role as a metabolite, an anti-inflammatory agent, an antioxidant, a lipoxygenase inhibitor, an EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor and an EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor. It is a hydroxyflavan, a proanthocyanidin and a polyphenol. It is functionally related to a (-)-epicatechin. Procyanidin C1 is a natural product found in Campylotropis hirtella, Cinnamomum verum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Maritime Pine (part of). Procyanidin C1 is found in apple. Proanthocyanidin C1 is a B type proanthocyanidin. It is an epicatechin trimer found in grape (Vitis vinifera). (Wikipedia). Proanthocyanidin C1 is a B type proanthocyanidin. It is an epicatechin trimer found in grape (Vitis vinifera). [Wikipedia] A proanthocyanidin consisting of three (-)-epicatechin units joined by two successive (4beta->8)-linkages. Procyanidin C1 (PCC1), a natural polyphenol with oral activity, causes DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. Procyanidin C1 decreases the level of Bcl-2, but enhances BAX, caspase 3 and 9 expression in cancer cells. Procyanidin C1 shows senotherapeutic activity and increases lifespan in mice[1][2]. Procyanidin C1 (PCC1), a natural polyphenol with oral activity, causes DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. Procyanidin C1 decreases the level of Bcl-2, but enhances BAX, caspase 3 and 9 expression in cancer cells. Procyanidin C1 shows senotherapeutic activity and increases lifespan in mice[1][2].
Cinnamtannin A2
Cinnamtannin A2 is a proanthocyanidin isolated from Cinnamomum cassia. It has a role as a plant metabolite. Cinnamtannin A2 is a natural product found in Cinnamomum iners, Cinnamomum aromaticum, and other organisms with data available. Isolated from Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon). Cinnamtannin A2 is found in many foods, some of which are cocoa bean, chinese cinnamon, chocolate, and herbs and spices. Cinnamtannin A2 is found in chinese cinnamon. Cinnamtannin A2 is isolated from Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon). A proanthocyanidin isolated from Cinnamomum cassia.
Proanthocyanidin A2
Isolated from cassia bark (Cinnamomum aromaticum). Proanthocyanidin A2 is found in many foods, some of which are herbs and spices, cinnamon, avocado, and lingonberry. Proanthocyanidin A2 is found in apple. Proanthocyanidin A2 is isolated from cassia bark (Cinnamomum aromaticum). Procyanidin A1 (Proanthocyanidin A1) is a procyanidin dimer, which inhibits degranulation downstream of protein kinase C activation or Ca2+ influx from an internal store in RBL-213 cells. Procyanidin A1 has antiallergic effects[1]. Procyanidin A1 (Proanthocyanidin A1) is a procyanidin dimer, which inhibits degranulation downstream of protein kinase C activation or Ca2+ influx from an internal store in RBL-213 cells. Procyanidin A1 has antiallergic effects[1]. Procyanidin A2 is a flavonoid found in grapes, with anti-cancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activity[1][2]. Procyanidin A2 is a flavonoid found in grapes, with anti-cancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activity[1][2].
Epigallocatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate
Epigallocatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate is found in tea. Epigallocatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-O-gallate is isolated from tea Thea sinensis. Isolated from tea Thea sinensis. Epigallocatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate is found in tea.
Cinnamtannin B2
Cinnamtannin B2 is found in ceylan cinnamon. Cinnamtannin B2 is isolated from Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon) and Vaccinium vitis-idaea (cowberry).
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-catechin
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-catechin is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-catechin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-catechin can be found in common grape, which makes epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-catechin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Cinnamtannin D2
Cinnamtannin D2 is found in fruits. Cinnamtannin D2 is isolated from Vaccinium vitis-idaea (cowberry). Isolated from Vaccinium vitis-idaea (cowberry). Cinnamtannin D2 is found in fruits and lingonberry.
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin can be found in common grape, which makes epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
[Gallocatechin(4alpha->8)]2catechin
[Gallocatechin(4alpha->8)]2catechin is found in barley. [Gallocatechin(4alpha->8)]2catechin is isolated from barley grains Hordeum vulgare. Isolated from barley grains Hordeum vulgare. [Gallocatechin(4alpha->8)]2-catechin is found in barley and cereals and cereal products.
8-Glucopyranosylprocyanidin B2
Isolated from Chinese cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum cassia) and Rheum species (rhubarb). Procyanidin B2 8-C-glucoside is found in chinese cinnamon, herbs and spices, and green vegetables. 8-Glucopyranosylprocyanidin B2 is found in chinese cinnamon. 8-Glucopyranosylprocyanidin B2 is isolated from Chinese cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum cassia) and Rheum sp. (rhubarb).
Gallocatechin-(4alpha->8)-gallocatechin-(4alpha->8)-gallocatechin
Gallocatechin-(4alpha->8)-gallocatechin-(4alpha->8)-gallocatechin is found in barley. Gallocatechin-(4alpha->8)-gallocatechin-(4alpha->8)-gallocatechin is found in barley. Found in barley
Epifisetinidol-(4beta->8)-catechin
Epifisetinidol-(4beta->8)-catechin is found in fruits. Epifisetinidol-(4beta->8)-catechin is a constituent of Pithecellobium dulce (manila tamarino)
Prodelphinidin A1
Prodelphinidin A1 is found in fruits. Prodelphinidin A1 is a constituent of Phyllanthus emblica (emblic) Constituent of Phyllanthus emblica (emblic). Prodelphinidin A1 is found in fruits.
Prunus inhibitor b
Prunus inhibitor b is found in fruits. Prunus inhibitor b is isolated from Prunus persica roots. Isolated from Prunus persica roots. Prunus inhibitor b is found in fruits.
Pavetannin C1
Isolated from Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon). Pavetannin C1 is found in ceylon cinnamon and herbs and spices. Pavetannin C1 is found in ceylan cinnamon. Pavetannin C1 is isolated from Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon).
3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavan(4->8)-3,4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavan
3,3,4,5,7-Pentahydroxyflavan(4->8)-3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavan is found in pulses. 3,3,4,5,7-Pentahydroxyflavan(4->8)-3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavan is isolated from azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seeds. Isolated from azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seeds. 3,3,4,5,7-Pentahydroxyflavan(4->8)-3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavan is found in pulses.
Pavetannin A2
Isolated from sloe (Prunus spinosa). Pavetannin A2 is found in alcoholic beverages, herbs and spices, and fruits. Pavetannin A2 is found in alcoholic beverages. Pavetannin A2 is isolated from sloe (Prunus spinosa).
Pavetannin B2
Pavetannin B2 is found in herbs and spices. Pavetannin B2 is isolated from a cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum zeylanicum). Isolated from a cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum zeylanicum). Pavetannin B2 is found in herbs and spices.
Proanthocyanidin
Procyanidin trimer EEC
Procyanidin trimer eec is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Procyanidin trimer eec is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Procyanidin trimer eec can be found in a number of food items such as strawberry, cucurbita (gourd), green bean, and rubus (blackberry, raspberry), which makes procyanidin trimer eec a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Prodelphinidin trimer GC-C-C
Prodelphinidin trimer gc-c-c is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Prodelphinidin trimer gc-c-c is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Prodelphinidin trimer gc-c-c can be found in beer, which makes prodelphinidin trimer gc-c-c a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Procyanidin B2 3-gallate
Procyanidin b2 3-gallate is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Procyanidin b2 3-gallate is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Procyanidin b2 3-gallate can be synthesized from gallic acid. Procyanidin b2 3-gallate can also be synthesized into procyanidin B2. Procyanidin b2 3-gallate can be found in common grape, which makes procyanidin b2 3-gallate a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin 3-gallate
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin 3-gallate is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin 3-gallate is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin 3-gallate can be synthesized from gallic acid. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin 3-gallate can also be synthesized into procyanidin B1. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin 3-gallate can be found in common grape, which makes epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin 3-gallate a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3'-gallate
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate can be synthesized from gallic acid. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate can also be synthesized into procyanidin B2. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate can be found in common buckwheat, common grape, and tea, which makes epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Procyanidin A1
Procyanidin a1 is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Procyanidin a1 is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Procyanidin a1 can be found in bilberry, which makes procyanidin a1 a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Procyanidin A1 (Proanthocyanidin A1) is a procyanidin dimer, which inhibits degranulation downstream of protein kinase C activation or Ca2+ influx from an internal store in RBL-213 cells. Procyanidin A1 has antiallergic effects[1]. Procyanidin A1 (Proanthocyanidin A1) is a procyanidin dimer, which inhibits degranulation downstream of protein kinase C activation or Ca2+ influx from an internal store in RBL-213 cells. Procyanidin A1 has antiallergic effects[1].
Epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin
Epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin can be found in common grape, which makes epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin
Epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin can be found in common grape, which makes epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin-(4beta->8)-catechin a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin can be found in apple and common grape, which makes epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin-(4beta->6)-epicatechin a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Arecatannin B1
Arecatannin b1 is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Arecatannin b1 is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Arecatannin b1 can be found in common grape, which makes arecatannin b1 a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Arecatannin A1
Arecatannin a1 is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Arecatannin a1 is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Arecatannin a1 can be found in common grape and grape wine, which makes arecatannin a1 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Procyanidin C2
Procyanidin c2, also known as C-(4,8)-C-(4,8)-C or procyanidin trimer c2, is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Procyanidin c2 is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Procyanidin c2 can be found in barley, beer, and common grape, which makes procyanidin c2 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Quadrangularin A
Quercetin 3,4'-O-diglucoside
Proanthocyanidin A2
Proanthocyanidin A2 is a proanthocyanidin obtained by the condensation of (-)-epicatechin units. It has a role as an antioxidant, an anti-HIV agent, a metabolite and an angiogenesis modulating agent. It is a hydroxyflavan and a proanthocyanidin. It is functionally related to a (-)-epicatechin. Proanthocyanidin A2 is a natural product found in Cinnamomum iners, Cinnamomum aromaticum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Litchi fruit (part of). Isolated from cassia bark (Cinnamomum aromaticum). Proanthocyanidin A2 is found in many foods, some of which are herbs and spices, cinnamon, avocado, and lingonberry. Proanthocyanidin A2 is found in apple. Proanthocyanidin A2 is isolated from cassia bark (Cinnamomum aromaticum). Procyanidin A2 is a flavonoid found in grapes, with anti-cancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activity[1][2]. Procyanidin A2 is a flavonoid found in grapes, with anti-cancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activity[1][2].
Proanthocyanidin A2
Proanthocyanidin A2 is a proanthocyanidin obtained by the condensation of (-)-epicatechin units. It has a role as an antioxidant, an anti-HIV agent, a metabolite and an angiogenesis modulating agent. It is a hydroxyflavan and a proanthocyanidin. It is functionally related to a (-)-epicatechin. Proanthocyanidin A2 is a natural product found in Cinnamomum iners, Cinnamomum aromaticum, and other organisms with data available. See also: Litchi fruit (part of). Isolated from cassia bark (Cinnamomum aromaticum). Proanthocyanidin A2 is found in many foods, some of which are herbs and spices, cinnamon, avocado, and lingonberry. Proanthocyanidin A2 is found in apple. Proanthocyanidin A2 is isolated from cassia bark (Cinnamomum aromaticum). A proanthocyanidin obtained by the condensation of (-)-epicatechin units. Procyanidin A2 is a flavonoid found in grapes, with anti-cancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activity[1][2]. Procyanidin A2 is a flavonoid found in grapes, with anti-cancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activity[1][2].
Procyanidin C1
Annotation level-1 Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. Procyanidin C1 (PCC1), a natural polyphenol with oral activity, causes DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. Procyanidin C1 decreases the level of Bcl-2, but enhances BAX, caspase 3 and 9 expression in cancer cells. Procyanidin C1 shows senotherapeutic activity and increases lifespan in mice[1][2]. Procyanidin C1 (PCC1), a natural polyphenol with oral activity, causes DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. Procyanidin C1 decreases the level of Bcl-2, but enhances BAX, caspase 3 and 9 expression in cancer cells. Procyanidin C1 shows senotherapeutic activity and increases lifespan in mice[1][2].
Epifisetinidol(4b->8)catechin
8-Glucopyranosylprocyanidin B2
3'-Galloylprodelphinidin B2
Gallocatechin(4a->8)epicatechin
Procyanidin A1
Procyanidin A1 (Proanthocyanidin A1) is a procyanidin dimer, which inhibits degranulation downstream of protein kinase C activation or Ca2+ influx from an internal store in RBL-213 cells. Procyanidin A1 has antiallergic effects[1]. Procyanidin A1 (Proanthocyanidin A1) is a procyanidin dimer, which inhibits degranulation downstream of protein kinase C activation or Ca2+ influx from an internal store in RBL-213 cells. Procyanidin A1 has antiallergic effects[1].
Arecatannin A3
3-Galloylprocyanidin B1
3'-Galloylprocyanidin B2
[Gallocatechin(4alpha->8)]2catechin
Epicatechin(4b->8)epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate
Quercetin 3,4'-O-diglucoside
Prodelphinidin b3 is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Prodelphinidin b3 is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Prodelphinidin b3 can be found in a number of food items such as broad bean, italian sweet red pepper, cucurbita (gourd), and green zucchini, which makes prodelphinidin b3 a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Prodelphinidin trimer GC-C-C
Prodelphinidin trimer gc-c-c is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Prodelphinidin trimer gc-c-c is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Prodelphinidin trimer gc-c-c can be found in beer, which makes prodelphinidin trimer gc-c-c a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3'-gallate
Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate is a member of the class of compounds known as biflavonoids and polyflavonoids. Biflavonoids and polyflavonoids are organic compounds containing at least two flavan/flavone units. These units are usually linked through CC or C-O-C bonds. Some examples include C2-O-C3, C2-O-C4, C3-C3, and C6-C8. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate is practically insoluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate can be synthesized from gallic acid. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate can also be synthesized into procyanidin B2. Epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate can be found in common buckwheat, common grape, and tea, which makes epicatechin-(4beta->8)-epicatechin 3-gallate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Quadrangularin A
procyanidin B1 3-O-gallate
A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3S)-hydroxy group of procyanidin B1. A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of procyanidin B1.
Parameritannin A-1
A proanthocyanidin found in Cinnamomum cassia and Parameria laevigata.
procyanidin B3 3-O-gallate
A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3S)-hydroxy group of procyanidin B3.
arecatannin B1
A proanthocyanidin consisting of two (-)-epicatechin and one (+)-catechin units joined in sequence by (4beta->8)- and (4beta->6)-linkages.
Procyanidin C2
A proanthocyanidin consisting of three (+)-catechin trimer joined by two successive (4alpha->8)-linkages.
Procyanidin B2 3-O-gallate
A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of procyanidin B2.
procyanidin B2 3-O-gallate
A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of procyanidin B2.