Exact Mass: 206.0379
Exact Mass Matches: 206.0379
Found 213 metabolites which its exact mass value is equals to given mass value 206.0379,
within given mass tolerance error 0.01 dalton. Try search metabolite list with more accurate mass tolerance error
0.001 dalton.
Thioctic acid
Lipoate, also known as lipoic acid or 6,8-thioctate, belongs to lipoic acids and derivatives class of compounds. Those are compounds containing a lipoic acid moiety (or a derivative thereof), which consists of a pentanoic acid (or derivative) attached to the C3 carbon atom of a 1,2-dithiolane ring. Lipoate is practically insoluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Lipoate can be synthesized from octanoic acid. Lipoate can also be synthesized into lipoamide and lipoyl-AMP. Lipoate can be found in broccoli and spinach, which makes lipoate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Lipoate may be a unique E.coli metabolite. Lipoate is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A16 - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16A - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16AX - Various alimentary tract and metabolism products Acquisition and generation of the data is financially supported in part by CREST/JST. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5]. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5]. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5].
2-Methylcitric acid
Methylcitric acid (MCA) is elevated in body fluids of patients with propionic acidaemia (PA; OMIM 232000, 232050), methylmalonic aciduria (MMA; OMIM 251000, 251120) and multiple carboxylase deficiency (OMIM 253260, 253270), which are inherited disorders. MCA is formed by condensation of accumulated propionyl- CoA and oxalacetate by the enzyme si-citrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.7). MCA molecule has two stereogenic centers so that it can occur in the form of four stereoisomers. Only two stereoisomers of MCA, (2S, 3S) and (2R, 3S), were found in human urine (PMID: 17295121). Methylcitric acid (MCA) is elevated in body fluids of patients with propionic acidaemia (PA; OMIM 232000, 232050), methylmalonic aciduria (MMA; OMIM 251000, 251120) and multiple carboxylase deficiency (OMIM 253260, 253270). MCA is formed by condensation of accumulated propionyl- CoA and oxalacetate by the enzyme si-citrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.7). MCA molecule has two stereogenic centers so that it can occur in the form of four stereoisomers. Only two stereoisomers of MCA, (2S, 3S) and (2R, 3S), were found in human urine. (PMID: 17295121) [HMDB] 2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is an endogenous metabolite in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. 2-Methylcitric acid accumulates in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias and acts as a marker metabolite. 2-Methylcitric acid markedly inhibits ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria supported by glutamate[1]. 2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is an endogenous metabolite in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. 2-Methylcitric acid accumulates in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias and acts as a marker metabolite. 2-Methylcitric acid markedly inhibits ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria supported by glutamate[1]. 2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is an endogenous metabolite in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. 2-Methylcitric acid accumulates in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias and acts as a marker metabolite. 2-Methylcitric acid markedly inhibits ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria supported by glutamate[1].
Homocitric acid
Homocitric acid (CAS: 3562-74-1) is a normal urinary organic acid (PMID: 14708889). Homocitric acid is a citric acid analogue found as a minor metabolite in urine samples from patients with propionic acidaemia. Homocitric acid is formed by citrate synthase due to propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency (by the citrate synthase condensation reaction of alpha-ketoglutarate with acetyl coenzyme A and propionyl coenzyme A) (PMID: 7850997). Homocitric acid has been identified in the human placenta (PMID: 32033212). Homocitric acid is a normal urinary organic acid. (PMID: 14708889)
Methylisocitric acid
Methylisocitric acid is a product of bacterial metabolism in the gut. It can be produced by 2-methylisocitrate lyase and by 2-methylisocitrate dehydratase. Methylisocitric acid has also been found to be a metabolite of Candida (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00021369.1974.10861293). Methylisocitric acid is a product of bacterial metabolism in the gut. It can be produced by 2-methylisocitrate lyase and by 2-methylisocitrate dehydratase. [HMDB]
(R)-Lipoic acid
A vitamin-like antioxidant that acts as a free-radical scavenger. Alpha-lipoic acid is also known as thioctic acid. It is a naturally occurring compound that is synthesized by both plants and animals. Lipoic acid contains two thiol groups which may be either oxidized or reduced. The reduced form is known as dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA). Lipoic acid (Delta E= -0.288) is therefore capable of thiol-disulfide exchange, giving it antioxidant activity. Lipoate is a critical cofactor for aerobic metabolism, participating in the transfer of acyl or methylamine groups via the 2-Oxoacid dehydrogenase (2-OADH) or alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA. This activity results in the catabolism of the branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine and valine). Lipoic acid also participates in the glycine cleavage system(GCV). The glycine cleavage system is a multi-enzyme complex that catalyzes the oxidation of glycine to form 5,10 methylene tetrahydrofolate, an important cofactor in nucleic acid synthesis. Since Lipoic acid is an essential cofactor for many enzyme complexes, it is essential for aerobic life as we know it. This system is used by many organisms and plays a crucial role in the photosynthetic carbon cycle. Lipoic acid was first postulated to be an effective antioxidant when it was found it prevented vitamin C and vitamin E deficiency. It is able to scavenge reactive oxygen species and reduce other metabolites, such as glutathione or vitamins, maintaining a healthy cellular redox state. Lipoic acid has been shown in cell culture experiments to increase cellular uptake of glucose by recruiting the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the cell membrane, suggesting its use in diabetes. Studies of rat aging have suggested that the use of L-carnitine and lipoic acid results in improved memory performance and delayed structural mitochondrial decay. As a result, it may be helpful for people with Alzheimers disease or Parkinsons disease. -- Wikipedia [HMDB] Lipoic acid is a vitamin-like antioxidant that acts as a free-radical scavenger. Alpha-lipoic acid is also known as thioctic acid. It is a naturally occurring compound that is synthesized by both plants and animals. Lipoic acid contains two thiol groups which may be either oxidized or reduced. The reduced form is known as dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA). Lipoic acid (Delta E= -0.288) is therefore capable of thiol-disulfide exchange, giving it antioxidant activity. Lipoate is a critical cofactor for aerobic metabolism, participating in the transfer of acyl or methylamine groups via the 2-Oxoacid dehydrogenase (2-OADH) or alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate to succinyl CoA. This activity results in the catabolism of the branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine and valine). Lipoic acid also participates in the glycine cleavage system(GCV). The glycine cleavage system is a multi-enzyme complex that catalyzes the oxidation of glycine to form 5,10 methylene tetrahydrofolate, an important cofactor in nucleic acid synthesis. Since Lipoic acid is an essential cofactor for many enzyme complexes, it is essential for aerobic life as we know it. This system is used by many organisms and plays a crucial role in the photosynthetic carbon cycle. Lipoic acid was first postulated to be an effective antioxidant when it was found it prevented vitamin C and vitamin E deficiency. It is able to scavenge reactive oxygen species and reduce other metabolites, such as glutathione or vitamins, maintaining a healthy cellular redox state. Lipoic acid has been shown in cell culture experiments to increase cellular uptake of glucose by recruiting the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the cell membrane, suggesting its use in diabetes. Studies of rat aging have suggested that the use of L-carnitine and lipoic acid results in improved memory performance and delayed structural mitochondrial decay. As a result, it may be helpful for people with Alzheimers disease or Parkinsons disease. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.
Lipoic_acid
Lipoic acid is a heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position. It has a role as a fundamental metabolite and a geroprotector. It is a member of dithiolanes, a heterocyclic fatty acid and a thia fatty acid. It is functionally related to an octanoic acid. It is a conjugate acid of a lipoate. lipoate is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Thioctic acid is a natural product found in Arabidopsis thaliana, Trypanosoma brucei, and other organisms with data available. Alpha-Lipoic Acid is a naturally occurring micronutrient, synthesized in small amounts by plants and animals (including humans), with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. Alpha-lipoic acid acts as a free radical scavenger and assists in repairing oxidative damage and regenerates endogenous antioxidants, including vitamins C and E and glutathione. This agent also promotes glutathione synthesis. In addition, alpha-lipoic acid exerts metal chelating capacities and functions as a cofactor in various mitochondrial enzyme complexes involved in the decarboxylation of alpha-keto acids. An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS. A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A16 - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16A - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16AX - Various alimentary tract and metabolism products D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5]. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5]. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5].
Methyl (Z)-5-(1-propynyl)-2-thienylacrylate
Methyl (Z)-5-(1-propynyl)-2-thienylacrylate is found in herbs and spices. Methyl (Z)-5-(1-propynyl)-2-thienylacrylate is isolated from Tanacetum vulgare (tansy Isolated from Tanacetum vulgare (tansy). Methyl (Z)-5-(1-propynyl)-2-thienylacrylate is found in herbs and spices.
Methyl (Z)-5-(5-methyl-2-thienyl)-2-penten-4-ynoate
Methyl (Z)-5-(5-methyl-2-thienyl)-2-penten-4-ynoate is found in herbs and spices. Methyl (Z)-5-(5-methyl-2-thienyl)-2-penten-4-ynoate is isolated from roots of Artemisia vulgaris (mugwort) and Anthemis nobilis (Roman chamomile). Isolated from roots of Artemisia vulgaris (mugwort) and Anthemis nobilis (Roman chamomile). Methyl (Z)-5-(5-methyl-2-thienyl)-2-penten-4-ynoate is found in herbs and spices.
(S)-Lipoic acid
Lipoic acid (LA), also known as alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is an organosulfur compound derived from octanoic acid. The carbon atom at C6 is chiral and the molecule exists as two enantiomers (R)-(+)-lipoic acid (RLA) and (S)-(-)-lipoic acid (SLA) and as a racemic mixture (R/S)-lipoic acid (R/S-LA). Only the (R)-(+)-enantiomer exists in nature and is an essential cofactor of four mitochondrial enzyme complexes. Endogenously synthesized RLA is essential for life and aerobic metabolism. The precursor to lipoic acid, octanoic acid, is made via fatty acid biosynthesis in the form of octanoyl-acyl carrier protein. In eukaryotes, a second fatty acid biosynthetic pathway in mitochondria is used for this purpose. The octanoate is transferred from a thioester of acyl carrier protein to an amide of the lipoyl domain by an octanoyltransferase. The sulfur centers are inserted into the 6th and 8th carbons of octanoate via a radical SAM mechanism, by lipoyl synthase. Lipoic acid can be removed whenever proteins are degraded and by the action of the enzyme lipoamidase. Free lipoate can be attached to the lipoyl domain by the enzyme lipoate protein ligase. The ligase activity of this enzyme requires ATP. Lipoate protein ligases proceed via an enzyme-bound lipoyl adenylate intermediate. Both RLA and R/S-LA are available as over-the-counter nutritional supplements and have been used nutritionally and clinically since the 1950s for various diseases and conditions. It is often regarded as a vitamin-like antioxidant. Lipoic acid is generally involved in oxidative decarboxylations of keto acids and is presented as a growth factor for some organisms. Some studies have suggested that the S-enantiomer has an inhibiting effect on the R-enantiomer, reducing its biological activity substantially and adding to oxidative stress rather than reducing it (PMID: 8573188, 7669066). Furthermore, the S-enantiomer has been found to reduce the expression of GLUT-4s in cells, responsible for glucose uptake, and hence reduce insulin sensitivity (PMID: 9252495). D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins
3-(Carboxymethyl)-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid
3-(Carboxymethyl)-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid belongs to the family of Tricarboxylic Acids and Derivatives. These are organic compounds containing three carboxylic acid groups (or salt/ester derivatives thereof)
Thioctic acid
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1015; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3996; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3992 A - Alimentary tract and metabolism > A16 - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16A - Other alimentary tract and metabolism products > A16AX - Various alimentary tract and metabolism products D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1015; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4005; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4002 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1015; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3980; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3976 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1015; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3993; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3989 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1015; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 4012; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 4010 CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 1015; DATASET 20200303_ENTACT_RP_MIX502; DATA_PROCESSING MERGING RMBmix ver. 0.2.7; DATA_PROCESSING PRESCREENING Shinyscreen ver. 0.8.0; ORIGINAL_ACQUISITION_NO 3990; ORIGINAL_PRECURSOR_SCAN_NO 3988 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.890 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.888 α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5]. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5]. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5].
6-(4-Methylmercapto-penten-(3)-in-(1)-yl)-alpha-pyron|6-<4-Methylmercapto-penten-(3)-in-(1)-yl>-alpha-pyron
trans,trans-4-(3-Methylmercapto-hexen-(2)-in-(4)-yliden)-butenolid|trans,trans-4-<3-Methylmercapto-hexen-(2)-in-(4)-yliden>-butenolid
5-<(Z)-5-Methylmercapto-hex-4c-en-2-in-yliden>-5H-furan-2-on|trans-4-(5-Methylmercapto-hexen-cis-(4)-in-(2)-yliden)-butenolid|trans-4-<5-Methylmercapto-hexen-cis-(4)-in-(2)-yliden>-butenolid
6-[4-(Methylthio)-1,2,3-pentatrienyl]-2H-pyran-2-one
Methyl citrate
2-Hydroxy-2-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)butanedioic acid is a carbonyl compound. 2-Hydroxy-2-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)butanedioic acid is a natural product found in Opuntia ficus-indica with data available. Methyl citrate is a Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor (IC50=0.23 mM). Methyl citrate is isolated from the fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino[1].
Lip(S2)
α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5]. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5]. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation[1][2][3]. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells[4]. α-Lipoic Acid can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1[5].
2-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)butanedioic acid
Lipoic Acid
A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position. The (R)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. A vitamin-like, C8 thia fatty acid with anti-oxidant properties. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants C26170 - Protective Agent > C275 - Antioxidant D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid. Lipoic acid ((R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid) is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. (R)-(+)-α-Lipoic acid is more effective than racemic Lipoic acid.
(S)-Lipoic acid
The (S)-enantiomer of lipoic acid. Not found in nature, it may exert detrimental effects on biosystems. D020011 - Protective Agents > D000975 - Antioxidants D018977 - Micronutrients > D014815 - Vitamins
2-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)butanedioic acid [IIN-based on: CCMSLIB00000848116]
2-hydroxy-2-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)butanedioic acid [IIN-based: Match]
Methyl (Z)-5-(5-methyl-2-thienyl)-2-penten-4-ynoate
Methyl (Z)-5-(1-propynyl)-2-thienylacrylate
[6-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)Pyridin-3-yl]boronic acid
Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid, 2-amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo- (9CI)
5-METHYL-BENZO[B]THIOPHENE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID METHYL ESTER
1,3-Bis(methoxycarbonyl)-2-methyl-2-thiopseudoeura
1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDRO-2,7-NAPHTHYRIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE
Pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid, 2-amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo- (9CI)
1-methyl-3-propyl-1,2-dihydroimidazol-1-ium,bromide
1H-Indol-6-amine,2,3-dihydro-, hydrochloride (1:2)
2,4-DIOXO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROQUINAZOLINE-5-CARBOXYLIC ACID
2-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-PYRIMIDINE-5-CARBOXYLIC ACID METHYL ESTER
METHYL 4-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PYRIMIDINE-2-CARBOXYLATE
2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(5-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)ethanone
5-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid
1H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-carboxylicacid,5-[(2-furanylmethylene)amino]-(9CI)
6-AMINO-3-HYDROXY-PYRIDO[2,3-B]PYRAZINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID
6-Quinoxalinecarboxylicacid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,3-dioxo-
5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDRO-1,7-NAPHTHYRIDINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE
2-Methyl-4-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid
2,3-dioxo-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-5-carboxylic acid
Benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylicacid, 3-methyl-, methyl ester
2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(3-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)ethanone
WR-1065
Amifostine thiol (WR-1065) dihydrochloride can protect normal tissues from the toxic effects of certain cancer agents and activate p53 through a JNK-dependent signaling pathway.
2-Butenedioic acid,2-chloro-, diethyl ester, (2Z)- (9CI)
7-AMINO-6-CYANO-2-(METHYLTHIO)-1,2,4-TRIAZOLO(1,5-A)PYRIMIDINE
7-METHYL-BENZO[B]THIOPHENE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID METHYL ESTER
3-(Trifluoromethyl)-6,7-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-8(5H)-one
1,3-DICHLORO-1,3-DIETHYLDIALUMINOXANE, 1 0 WT. SOLUTION IN TOLUENE
4-Methyl-2-trifluoromethyl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid
(R)-2-AMINO-5,5,5-TRIFLUOROPENTANAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE
Pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid, 2-amino-1,5-dihydro-5-oxo- (9CI)
OPANAMIDE, 2-AMINO-N-(2,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHYL)-, HYDROCHLORIDE (1:1), (2S)-
4-AMINO-2-(METHYLTHIO)PYRAZOLO[1,5-A][1,3,5]TRIAZINE-8-CARBONITRILE
2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(3-fluoro-4-methylphenyl)ethanone
6-chloro-5,6-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyrido[3,2-e]pyrazine
4,6-dioxo-1,5-dihydro-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
1,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazine-6-carboxylic acid
4-(2-Aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate
The conjugate base of 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoic acid; major species at pH 7.3.
(2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
A 3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid which has (2S,3R) configuration.
(2S,3S)-2-methylcitric acid
The (2S,3S)-diastereomer of 2-methylcitric acid.
2-Methylcitric acid
2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is an endogenous metabolite in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. 2-Methylcitric acid accumulates in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias and acts as a marker metabolite. 2-Methylcitric acid markedly inhibits ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria supported by glutamate[1]. 2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is an endogenous metabolite in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. 2-Methylcitric acid accumulates in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias and acts as a marker metabolite. 2-Methylcitric acid markedly inhibits ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria supported by glutamate[1]. 2-Methylcitric acid (Methylcitric acid) is an endogenous metabolite in the 2-methylcitric acid cycle. 2-Methylcitric acid accumulates in methylmalonic and propionic acidemias and acts as a marker metabolite. 2-Methylcitric acid markedly inhibits ADP-stimulated and uncoupled respiration in mitochondria supported by glutamate[1].
6-chloro-4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
3-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxooxolan-2-yl)-2-hydroxypropanoic acid
2- hydroxy- 1, 2, 3- propane tricarboxylic acid- 2- me ester
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