NCBI Taxonomy: 6500
Aplysia californica (ncbi_taxid: 6500)
found 62 associated metabolites at species taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Aplysia
Child Taxonomies: none taxonomy data.
Serotonin
Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a molecule that belongs to the class of compounds known as indoleamines. An indoleamine consists of an indole ring that bears an amino group or an alkyl amino group attached to the indole ring. Serotonin has an aminoethyl at position 2 and a hydroxyl group at position 5 of the indole ring. Serotonin exists in all living organisms, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. In mammals, serotonin functions as a monoamine neurotransmitter, a biochemical messenger and regulator. It is synthesized from the essential amino acid L-Tryptophan. Approximately 90\\\\% of the human bodys total serotonin is located in the enterochromaffin cells in the GI tract, where it regulates intestinal movements. About 8\\\\% is found in platelets and 1–2\\\\% in the CNS. Serotonin in the nervous system acts as a local transmitter at synapses, and as a paracrine or hormonal modulator of circuits upon diffusion, allowing a wide variety of "state-dependent" behavioral responses to different stimuli. Serotonin is widely distributed in the nervous system of vertebrates and invertebrates and some of its behavioral effects have been preserved along evolution. Such is the case of aggressive behavior and rhythmic motor patterns, including those responsible for feeding. In vertebrates, which display a wider and much more sophisticated behavioral repertoire, serotonin also modulates sleep, the arousal state, sexual behavior, and others. Deficiencies of the serotonergic system causes disorders such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobias, posttraumatic stress disorder, epilepsy, and generalized anxiety disorder. Serotonin has three different modes of action in the nervous system: as transmitter, acting locally at synaptic boutons; upon diffusion at a distance from its release sites, producing paracrine (also called volume) effects, and by circulating in the blood stream, producing hormonal effects. The three modes can affect a single neuronal circuit. (PMID: 16047543). Serotonin is also a microbial metabolite that can be found in the feces and urine of mammals. Urinary serotonin is produced by Candida, Streptococcus, Escherichia, and Enterococcus (PMID: 24621061). In plants, serotonin was first found and reported in a legume called Mucuna pruriens. The greatest concentration of serotonin in plants has been found in walnuts and hickory. In pineapples, banana, kiwi fruit, plums and tomatoes the concentration of serotonin is around 3 to 30 mg/kg. Isolated from bananas and other fruitsand is also from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) [DFC]. Serotonin is found in many foods, some of which are common pea, eggplant, swiss chard, and dill. Serotonin. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=50-67-9 (retrieved 2024-07-01) (CAS RN: 50-67-9). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Histamine
An amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of histidine. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter.; Histamine is a biogenic amine involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. Histamine triggers the inflammatory response. As part of an immune response to foreign pathogens, histamine is produced by basophils and by mast cells found in nearby connective tissues. Histamine increases the permeability of the capillaries to white blood cells and other proteins, in order to allow them to engage foreign invaders in the affected tissues. It is found in virtually all animal body cells.[citation needed]; Histamine is derived from the decarboxylation of the amino acid histidine, a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme L-histidine decarboxylase. It is a hydrophilic vasoactive amine. Histamine is an amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of histidine. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter. Histamine can be found in Photobacterium phosphoreum and Lactobacillus (PMID:17066936). Histamine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 2-arylethylamines. These are primary amines that have the general formula RCCNH2, where R is an organic group. High amounts of histamine have been found in spinach, oats and ryes. Another foods such as green beans, broccoli, and beetroots also contain histamine but in lower concentrations. Histamine has also been detected but not quantified in several different foods, such as groundcherries, carobs, bok choy, biscuits, and longans. D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D017442 - Histamine Agonists Histamine. CAS Common Chemistry. CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, n.d. https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=51-45-6 (retrieved 2024-07-03) (CAS RN: 51-45-6). Licensed under the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.
P-Hydroxyphenylethanolamine
Alkaloid from leaves of tabasco pepper (Capsicum frutescens), nutgrass (Cyperus rotundus) and leaves or fruit of Citrus subspecies Occurs in many animal tissues; found in high concs. in octopus p-Octopamine is an amine in traces quantities in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in humans with septic encephalopathy (PMID 15932098). D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D000322 - Adrenergic Agonists D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy > C01C - Cardiac stimulants excl. cardiac glycosides > C01CA - Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C87053 - Adrenergic Agonist
Serotonin
C10H12N2O (176.09495819999998)
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D017366 - Serotonin Receptor Agonists
Histamine
A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted at position C-4 by a 2-aminoethyl group. D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D017442 - Histamine Agonists C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C2139 - Immunostimulant COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS MS2 deconvoluted using MS2Dec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; NTYJJOPFIAHURM_STSL_0126_Histamine_2000fmol_180506_S2_LC02_MS02_210; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 5309 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.042 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.041 Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.
Serotonin
C10H12N2O (176.09495819999998)
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D017366 - Serotonin Receptor Agonists A primary amino compound that is the 5-hydroxy derivative of tryptamine. MS2 deconvoluted using MS2Dec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; QZAYGJVTTNCVMB_STSL_0135_Serotonin_8000fmol_180506_S2_LC02_MS02_147; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. MS2 deconvoluted using CorrDec from all ion fragmentation data, MetaboLights identifier MTBLS1040; Spectrum acquired as described in Naz et al 2017 PMID 28641411. Preparation and submission to MassBank of North America by Chaleckis R. and Tada I. relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.054 relative retention time with respect to 9-anthracene Carboxylic Acid is 0.053
octopamine
C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy > C01C - Cardiac stimulants excl. cardiac glycosides > C01CA - Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C87053 - Adrenergic Agonist D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D000322 - Adrenergic Agonists D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents Octopamine, also known as beta,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine, is an endogenous biogenic amine that is closely related to norepinephrine, and has effects on the adrenergic and dopaminergic systems. Octopamine is found in lemon, sweet orange, and pepper (c. frutescens).
Eramin
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018494 - Histamine Agents > D017442 - Histamine Agonists C308 - Immunotherapeutic Agent > C2139 - Immunostimulant COVID info from PDB, Protein Data Bank Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.
5-HTA
C10H12N2O (176.09495819999998)
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018490 - Serotonin Agents > D017366 - Serotonin Receptor Agonists
4-[(1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl]phenol
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D000322 - Adrenergic Agonists D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D014662 - Vasoconstrictor Agents
(1r,1'r,2s,2'r,4s,4's,5s,7'r)-5,7'-dibromo-4-chloro-4,4',6',6'-tetramethyl-3',8'-dioxaspiro[cyclohexane-1,5'-tricyclo[5.1.0.0²,⁴]octan]-2-ol
C15H21Br2ClO3 (441.9545866000001)
({5-hydroxy-3-[(2-hydroxyethyl)imino]-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxycyclohex-1-en-1-yl}amino)acetic acid
4,5'-dibromo-4'-chloro-1,3,3,4'-tetramethyl-7-oxaspiro[bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-2,1'-cyclohexan]-4-ene
C15H21Br2ClO (409.96475660000004)
{[(5s)-5-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s)-2-hydroxypropyl]imino}-2-methoxycyclohex-1-en-1-yl]amino}acetic acid
(1e,3r,4s,5e,7s)-1,4,8-tribromo-3,7-dichloro-3,7-dimethylocta-1,5-diene
{[(3e,5s)-5-hydroxy-3-[(2-hydroxyethyl)imino]-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxycyclohex-1-en-1-yl]amino}acetic acid
{[(3e,5s)-5-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxy-3-(methylimino)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl]amino}acetic acid
{[(3e,5s)-5-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s)-2-hydroxypropyl]imino}-2-methoxycyclohex-1-en-1-yl]amino}acetic acid
{[(5s)-5-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-imino-2-methoxycyclohex-1-en-1-yl]amino}acetic acid
{[(5s)-3-(ethylimino)-5-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxycyclohex-1-en-1-yl]amino}acetic acid
(1s,2r,3's,4's,6r)-3',4-dibromo-4'-chloro-1,3,3,4'-tetramethyl-7-oxaspiro[bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-2,1'-cyclohexan]-4-ene
C15H21Br2ClO (409.96475660000004)
{[(5s)-5-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxy-3-(methylimino)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl]amino}acetic acid
{[(3e,5s)-3-(ethylimino)-5-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methoxycyclohex-1-en-1-yl]amino}acetic acid
5,7'-dibromo-4-chloro-4,4',6',6'-tetramethyl-3',8'-dioxaspiro[cyclohexane-1,5'-tricyclo[5.1.0.0²,⁴]octan]-2-ol
C15H21Br2ClO3 (441.9545866000001)