NCBI Taxonomy: 199135
Bupleurum fruticescens subsp. spinosum (ncbi_taxid: 199135)
found 21 associated metabolites at subspecies taxonomy rank level.
Ancestor: Bupleurum fruticescens
Child Taxonomies: none taxonomy data.
Saikosaponin A
Saikosaponin A is a saikosaponin. Saikosaponin A is a natural product found in Bupleurum kunmingense, Clinopodium gracile, and other organisms with data available. D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents Saikosaponin A is an active component of Bupleurum chinensis, up-regulates LXRα expression, with potent anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Saikosaponin A is an active component of Bupleurum chinensis, up-regulates LXRα expression, with potent anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Saikosaponin A is an active component of Bupleurum chinensis, up-regulates LXRα expression, with potent anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Saikosaponin D is a triterpene saponin isolated from Bupleurum, with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, and anti-allergic activities; Saikosaponin D inhibits selectin, STAT3 and NF-kB and activates estrogen receptor-β. Saikosaponin D is a triterpene saponin isolated from Bupleurum, with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, and anti-allergic activities; Saikosaponin D inhibits selectin, STAT3 and NF-kB and activates estrogen receptor-β.
Betulin
Betulin is found in black elderberry. Betulin is a constituent of Corylus avellana (filbert) and Vicia faba. Betulin (lup-20(29)-ene-3 ,28-diol) is an abundant naturally occurring triterpene. It is commonly isolated from the bark of birch trees and forms up to 30\\\\\% of the dry weight of the extractive. The purpose of the compound in the bark is not known. It can be converted to betulinic acid (the alcohol group replaced by a carboxylic acid group), which is biologically more active than betulin itself. Chemically, betulin is a triterpenoid of lupane structure. It has a pentacyclic ring structure, and hydroxyl groups in positions C3 and C28 Betulin is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents. It has a role as a metabolite, an antiviral agent, an analgesic, an anti-inflammatory agent and an antineoplastic agent. It is a pentacyclic triterpenoid and a diol. It derives from a hydride of a lupane. Betulin is a natural product found in Diospyros morrisiana, Euonymus carnosus, and other organisms with data available. A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lupane having a double bond at position 20(29) as well as 3beta-hydroxy and 28-hydroxymethyl substituents. Constituent of Corylus avellana (filbert) and Vicia faba Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line. Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line. Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line.
Tamarixetin
Tamarixetin is a monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position O-4. Isolated from Cyperus teneriffae. It has a role as a metabolite and an antioxidant. It is a 7-hydroxyflavonol, a monomethoxyflavone and a tetrahydroxyflavone. It is functionally related to a quercetin. Tamarixetin is a natural product found in Ageratina altissima, Chromolaena odorata, and other organisms with data available. See also: Trifolium pratense flower (part of). A monomethoxyflavone that is quercetin methylated at position O-4. Isolated from Cyperus teneriffae. Tamarixetin (4'-O-Methyl Quercetin) is a natural flavonoid derivative of quercetin, with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Tamarixetin protects against cardiac hypertrophy[1][2]. Tamarixetin (4'-O-Methyl Quercetin) is a natural flavonoid derivative of quercetin, with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Tamarixetin protects against cardiac hypertrophy[1][2].
Ribitol
Xylitol is a pentitol (five-carbon sugar alcohol) having meso-configuration, being derived from xylose by reduction of the carbonyl group. It has a role as a sweetening agent, an allergen, a hapten, a human metabolite, an algal metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite and a mouse metabolite. Xylitol is a naturally occurring five-carbon sugar alcohol found in most plant material, including many fruits and vegetables. Xylitol-rich plant materials include birch and beechwood. It is widely used as a sugar substitute and in "sugar-free" food products. The effects of xylitol on dental caries have been widely studied, and xylitol is added to some chewing gums and other oral care products to prevent tooth decay and dry mouth. Xylitol is a non-fermentable sugar alcohol by most plaque bacteria, indicating that it cannot be fermented into cariogenic acid end-products. It works by inhibiting the growth of the microorganisms present in plaque and saliva after it accummulates intracellularly into the microorganism. The recommended dose of xylitol for dental caries prevention is 6–10 g/day, and most adults can tolerate 40 g/day without adverse events. Ribitol is a metabolite found in or produced by Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Xylitol is a natural product found in Rubus parvifolius with data available. Xylitol is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from XYLOSE by reduction of the carbonyl group. It is as sweet as sucrose and used as a noncariogenic sweetener. A pentitol (five-carbon sugar alcohol) having meso-configuration, being derived from ribose by reduction of the carbonyl group. It occurs naturally in the plant Adonis vernalis. D000074385 - Food Ingredients > D005503 - Food Additives D010592 - Pharmaceutic Aids > D005421 - Flavoring Agents COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol. Xylitol can be classified as polyols and sugar alcohols. Xylitol can be classified as polyols and sugar alcohols.
Ribitol
Ribitol is a pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. It occurs naturally in plants as well as in the cell walls of some Gram-positive bacteria. Ribitol forms part of the chemical structure of riboflavin and flavin mononucleotide (FMN). It is also a metabolic end product formed by the reduction of ribose in human fibroblasts and erythrocytes. In this regard ribitol is found in all organisms from bacteria to plants to humans. Ribitol is a normal constituent of human urine (PMID: 2736321). Elevated levels of ribitol in the serum or urine can be found in patients with transaldolase deficiency (PMID: 11283793). Transaldolase is an important enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Elevated levels of ribitol in the serum or urine can be found in patients with Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency (PMID: 14988808). Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase is an important enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Export of ribitol across the cell membrane indicates that can be cleared from the body without metabolic conversion (PMID 15234337). Ribitol is normally absent in Breast milk (PMID 16456418). Ribitol is a metabolic end product formed by the reduction of ribose in human fibroblasts and erythrocytes (pentitol, sugar alcohol, polyol). Export of ribitol across the cell membrane indicates that can be cleared from the body without metabolic conversion. (PMID 15234337) D000074385 - Food Ingredients > D005503 - Food Additives D010592 - Pharmaceutic Aids > D005421 - Flavoring Agents COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol. Xylitol can be classified as polyols and sugar alcohols. Xylitol can be classified as polyols and sugar alcohols.
Geranylcitronellol
Geranylcitronellol is found in fruits. Geranylcitronellol is isolated from Zizyphus jujuba (Chinese date Isolated from Zizyphus jujuba (Chinese date). Geranylcitronellol is found in fruits.
Xylitol
D-arabitol, also known as D-lyxitol or klinit, is a member of the class of compounds known as sugar alcohols. Sugar alcohols are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. D-arabitol is soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). D-arabitol can be found in avocado, which makes D-arabitol a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. D-arabitol can be found primarily in blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine. Moreover, D-arabitol is found to be associated with invasive candidiasis and ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency. Arabitol or arabinitol is a sugar alcohol. It can be formed by the reduction of either arabinose or lyxose. Some organic acid tests check for the presence of D-arabitol, which may indicate overgrowth of intestinal microbes such as Candida albicans or other yeast/fungus species . D000074385 - Food Ingredients > D005503 - Food Additives D010592 - Pharmaceutic Aids > D005421 - Flavoring Agents COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol. Xylitol can be classified as polyols and sugar alcohols. Xylitol can be classified as polyols and sugar alcohols.
Saikosaponin A
PA(18:1(12Z)-2OH(9,10)/22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z))
PA(18:1(12Z)-2OH(9,10)/22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) is an oxidized phosphatidic acid (PA). Oxidized phosphatidic acids are glycerophospholipids in which a phosphate moiety occupies a glycerol substitution site and at least one of the fatty acyl chains has undergone oxidation. As all oxidized lipids, oxidized phosphatidic acids belong to a group of biomolecules that have a role as signaling molecules. The biosynthesis of oxidized lipids is mediated by several enzymatic families, including cyclooxygenases (COX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and cytochrome P450s (CYP). Non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation through free radicals and are considered harmful to human health (PMID: 33329396). As is the case with diacylglycerols, phosphatidic acids can have many different combinations of fatty acids of varying lengths, saturation and degrees of oxidation attached at the C-1 and C-2 positions. PA(18:1(12Z)-2OH(9,10)/22:5(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)), in particular, consists of one chain of one 9,10-hydroxy-octadecenoyl at the C-1 position and one chain of 7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosapentaenoyl at the C-2 position. Phospholipids are ubiquitous in nature and are key components of the lipid bilayer of cells, as well as being involved in metabolism and signaling. Similarly to what occurs with phospholipids, the fatty acid distribution at the C-1 and C-2 positions of glycerol within oxidized phospholipids is continually in flux, owing to phospholipid degradation and the continuous phospholipid remodeling that occurs while these molecules are in membranes. Oxidized PAs can be synthesized via three different routes. In one route, the oxidized PA is synthetized de novo following the same mechanisms as for PAs but incorporating oxidized acyl chains (PMID: 33329396). An alternative is the transacylation of one of the non-oxidized acyl chains with an oxidized acylCoA (PMID: 33329396). The third pathway results from the oxidation of the acyl chain while still attached to the PA backbone, mainly through the action of LOX (PMID: 33329396).
Tamarixetin 3-robinobioside
Saikosaponin A
Annotation level-1 D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents D007155 - Immunologic Factors > D007166 - Immunosuppressive Agents D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D000890 - Anti-Infective Agents > D000998 - Antiviral Agents D000893 - Anti-Inflammatory Agents D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents D018501 - Antirheumatic Agents Saikosaponin A is an active component of Bupleurum chinensis, up-regulates LXRα expression, with potent anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Saikosaponin A is an active component of Bupleurum chinensis, up-regulates LXRα expression, with potent anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Saikosaponin A is an active component of Bupleurum chinensis, up-regulates LXRα expression, with potent anti-inflammatory activity[1].
Betulin
Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line. Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line. Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line.
ribitol
D-Arabitol is a polyol and its accumulation may cause a neurotoxic effect in human. D-Arabitol is a polyol and its accumulation may cause a neurotoxic effect in human. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol. Ribitol is a crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose. Enhancing the flux of D-glucose to the pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of D-ribose and ribitol.
