Exact Mass: 212.03525240000002
Exact Mass Matches: 212.03525240000002
Found 500 metabolites which its exact mass value is equals to given mass value 212.03525240000002,
within given mass tolerance error 0.05 dalton. Try search metabolite list with more accurate mass tolerance error
0.01 dalton.
Zonisamide
Zonisamide is a sulfonamide anticonvulsant approved for use as an adjunctive therapy in adults with partial-onset seizures. Zonisamide may be a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor although this is not one of the primary mechanisms of action. Zonisamide may act by blocking repetitive firing of voltage-gated sodium channels leading to a reduction of T-type calcium channel currents, or by binding allosterically to GABA receptors. This latter action may inhibit the uptake of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA while enhancing the uptake of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C264 - Anticonvulsant Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000927 - Anticonvulsants N - Nervous system > N03 - Antiepileptics > N03A - Antiepileptics D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents CONFIDENCE standard compound; EAWAG_UCHEM_ID 3132 D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators
Questiomycin A
Questiomycin A, also known as 2-aminophenoxazin-3-one (APO), is found in mushrooms such as Calocybe gambosa (St Georges mushroom). 2-Aminophenoxazin-3-one is a benzoxazinoid metabolite. It was found excreted in the feces of rats that were fed a rye bread-based diet which makes this compound a potential fecal biomarker of whole grain intake (PMID: 23113707).
3-hydroxy-2,4-dioxopentyl phosphate
A phosphate monoester that is 1,3-dihydroxypentane-2,4-dione carrying a phospho at position 1.
Urolithin B
Urolithin B is a secondary metabolite of ellagic acid which may be glucuronidated by liver enzymes during phase II metabolism. A polyphenol metabolite detected in biological fluids [PhenolExplorer] Urolithin B is one of Ellagitannins' slow microbial products, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Urolithin B suppresses NF-κB activity. Urolithin B suppresses JNK, ERK and Akt's oxidation, and increases AMPK's oxidation. Urolithin B is also a quantitative change factor for bone and skin quality[1][2][3][4]. Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins, and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass[1][2]. Urolithin B is one of Ellagitannins' slow microbial products, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Urolithin B suppresses NF-κB activity. Urolithin B suppresses JNK, ERK and Akt's oxidation, and increases AMPK's oxidation. Urolithin B is also a quantitative change factor for bone and skin quality[1][2][3][4]. Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins, and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass[1][2].
2-Hydroxyxanthone
2-Hydroxyxanthone belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthones. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a xanthene moiety conjugated to a ketone group at carbon 9. Xanthene is a tricyclic compound made up of two benzene rings linearly fused to each other through a pyran ring. 2-Hydroxyxanthone exists as a solid and is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and relatively neutral. Within the cell, 2-hydroxyxanthone is primarily located in the membrane (predicted from logP). Outside of the human body, 2-hydroxyxanthone can be found in fruits, herbs and spices, and mammee apple. This makes 2-hydroxyxanthone a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Constituent of Hypericum subspecies, Mammea americana (mamey). 2-Hydroxyxanthone is found in herbs and spices, fruits, and mammee apple.
4-Hydroxyxanthone
4-Hydroxyxanthone is found in fruits. 4-Hydroxyxanthone is from seeds of Mammea americana (mamey). From seeds of Mammea americana (mamey). 4-Hydroxyxanthone is found in fruits.
1-(Methylsulfinyl)propyl propyl disulfide
1-(Methylsulfinyl)propyl propyl disulfide is found in onion-family vegetables. 1-(Methylsulfinyl)propyl propyl disulfide is a constituent of Allium cepa (onion) juice and Allium tricoccum (wood leek). Constituent of Allium cepa (onion) juice and Allium tricoccum (wood leek). 1-(Methylsulfinyl)propyl propyl disulfide is found in garden onion and onion-family vegetables.
Methyl 1-(propylsulfinyl)propyl disulfide
Methyl 1-(propylsulfinyl)propyl disulfide is found in onion-family vegetables. Methyl 1-(propylsulfinyl)propyl disulfide is a constituent of Allium sp Constituent of Allium species Methyl 1-(propylsulfinyl)propyl disulfide is found in onion-family vegetables.
N-phosphocreatinate(2-)
N-phosphocreatinate(2-) is classified as a member of the Alpha amino acids. Alpha amino acids are amino acids in which the amino group is attached to the carbon atom immediately adjacent to the carboxylate group (alpha carbon). N-phosphocreatinate(2-) is considered to be soluble (in water) and acidic
4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide
D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D000067856 - Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors
N,N-dihydroxy-L-tyrosine
N,n-dihydroxy-l-tyrosine is slightly soluble (in water) and a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). N,n-dihydroxy-l-tyrosine can be found in a number of food items such as mentha (mint), bilberry, red raspberry, and oxheart cabbage, which makes n,n-dihydroxy-l-tyrosine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Se-Methylselenomethionine
A selenoamino acid that is selenomethionine in which the selanyl group has been methylated.
2-(3,4-Epoxy-1-butynyl)-5-(1,3-pentadiynyl)thiophene|2-<3,4-Epoxy-but-1-inyl>-5-but-1,3-diinyl-thiophen|2--5-<3.4-epoxy-butin-(1)-yl>-thiophen|2-[(5-penta-1,3-diynyl-thiophen-2-yl)-ethynyl]-oxirane|2-[5-(penta-1,3-diynyl)-thiophen-2-ylethynyl]-oxirane
2-(hydroxyprop-1-ynyl)-5-(5-hexen-3-yn-1-ynyl)-thiophene|3-(5-hex-5-ene-1,3-diynyl-thiophen-2-yl)-prop-2-yn-1-ol
2-formyl-3,5-dihydroxy-4-hydroxymethylbenzoic acid
2--5-<5-formyl-buten-(3)-in-(1)-yl>-thiophen|5-(5-but-3-en-1-ynyl-thiophen-2-yl)-pent-2-en-4-ynal
2-(1-propynyl)-5-(5,6-epoxyhex-3-yn-1-ynyl)-thiophene
urolithin B
Coumarins Urolithin B is one of Ellagitannins' slow microbial products, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Urolithin B suppresses NF-κB activity. Urolithin B suppresses JNK, ERK and Akt's oxidation, and increases AMPK's oxidation. Urolithin B is also a quantitative change factor for bone and skin quality[1][2][3][4]. Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins, and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass[1][2]. Urolithin B is one of Ellagitannins' slow microbial products, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Urolithin B suppresses NF-κB activity. Urolithin B suppresses JNK, ERK and Akt's oxidation, and increases AMPK's oxidation. Urolithin B is also a quantitative change factor for bone and skin quality[1][2][3][4]. Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins, and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass[1][2].
Propane, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)-3-methoxy- (Compound B)
Ethyl 3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoate
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
2-(2,2,2-TRIFLUORO-1-TRIFLUOROMETHYLETHOXY)-ETHANOL
2,2,2-TRIFLUORO-1-PYRIDIN-3-YL-ETHYLAMINE
C7H8ClF3N2 (212.03280739999997)
2-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)sulfanylpropanoic acid
5-Chloromethyl-3-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-[1,2,4]oxadiazole
4-METHYL-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-PYRROLO[3,4-C]QUINOLINE-1,3-DIONE
SODIUM 2-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZOATE
C8H4F3NaO2 (212.00610799999998)
4-(2,4-Difluoro-phenyl)- thiazol-2-ylamine
C9H6F2N2S (212.02197399999997)
3-(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl)thiophen-2-amine(SALTDATA: FREE)
4-(2-Chloro-acetylamino)-benzamide
C9H9ClN2O2 (212.03525240000002)
3-(CHLOROMETHYL)-1-METHYL-5-THIEN-2-YL-1H-PYRAZOLE
4-(Trifluoromethoxy)isophthalonitrile
C9H3F3N2O (212.01974639999997)
4,6-Diaminoresorcinol, dihydrochloride
C6H10Cl2N2O2 (212.01193000000004)
2,2,2-TRIFLUORO-1-PYRIDIN-3-YL-ETHYL-AMMONIUM, CHLORIDE
C7H8ClF3N2 (212.03280739999997)
2-Chloro-N-(phenylcarbamoyl)acetamide
C9H9ClN2O2 (212.03525240000002)
Ethyl 6,7-dihydro-4H-thieno[3,2-c]pyran-2-carboxylate
2H-1,5-Benzodioxepin-2-carbonyl chloride, 3,4-dihydro
4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)butane-1,3-diol
4-methyl-2-morpholin-4-yl-1,3-thiazole-5-carbaldehyde
Ethyl 6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,4]thiazine-2-carboxylate
Ethyl 6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,4]thiazine-3-carboxylate
5,8-DIFLUORO-7-METHOXY-3,4-DIHYDRONAPHTHALEN-1(2H)-ONE
C11H10F2O2 (212.06488240000002)
7-METHYL-1,1-DIOXO-1,4-DIHYDRO-2H-1LAMBDA6-BENZO[1,2,4]THIADIAZIN-3-ONE
1,4-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene
C9H3F3N2O (212.01974639999997)
4-tert-Butyl-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
2-(2-CHLORO-ACETYLAMINO)-BENZAMIDE
C9H9ClN2O2 (212.03525240000002)
2-(p-Chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric Acid
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
2-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)-2-METHYL-1,3-DITHIOLAN
C10H12OS2 (212.03295419999998)
Thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-methyl- (9CI)
1H-2,1,3-Benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one,7-methyl-,2,2-dioxide(9CI)
3-AMINO-5-METHOXYPYRIDIN-4-OL DIHYDROCHLORIDE
C6H10Cl2N2O2 (212.01193000000004)
Ethyl 4-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
2-MERCAPTO-5,6-DIMETHYLTHIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4(3H)-ONE
C8H8N2OS2 (212.00780379999998)
Ethyl 3-(2-chlorophenyl)propanoate
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
3,4-dihydro-2h-1,5-benzodioxepine-6-carbonyl chloride
(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)hydrazine hydrochloride
C7H8ClF3N2 (212.03280739999997)
(2S)-2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutanoic acid
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
6-chloro-2-methyl-2,3-dihydrothiochromen-4-one
C10H9ClOS (212.00626139999997)
(4-METHYL-2-OXO-2H-CHROMEN-7-YLOXY)-ACETICACIDHYDRAZIDE
4-Thien-2-yltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxylic acid 97
3-Pyridinemethanamine, 4-(trifluoromethyl)-, hydrochloride (1:1)
C7H8ClF3N2 (212.03280739999997)
2-amino-4,6-bis(methylsulfanyl)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile
N1-(4-CHLORO-2-METHYLPHENYL)-2-HYDROXYIMINOACETAMIDE
C9H9ClN2O2 (212.03525240000002)
D-Galactopyranuronic acid hydrate (1:1)
D-Galacturonic acid hydrate is an endogenous metabolite. D-Galacturonic acid hydrate is an endogenous metabolite.
3,4-dihydro-2h-1,5-benzodioxepine-7-carbonyl chloride
2-Amino-4-(3,4-difluorophenyl)thiazole
C9H6F2N2S (212.02197399999997)
Methyl imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-6-carboxylate hydrochloride
C9H9ClN2O2 (212.03525240000002)
Ethanediamide,N1,N2-bis(2-chloroethyl)-
C6H10Cl2N2O2 (212.01193000000004)
Cyclopropanamine, 1-(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl)
C9H9ClN2O2 (212.03525240000002)
2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorobenzeneboronic acid
C6H2BF5O2 (212.00680020000001)
ethyl 5,7-dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-3-carboxylate
(R)-2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutanoic acid
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
3-(2,5-XYLYLOXY)PROPIONYL CHLORIDE
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
2-[2-AMINO-4-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)THIAZOL-5-YL]ETHANOL
4-Isopropyl Phenoxy Acetyl Chloride
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
4-(2-methylpropoxy)benzoyl chloride
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
2-Methyl-2-(4-methylphenoxy)propanoyl chloride
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
1H-INDAZOLE-7-CARBOXYLIC ACID,METHYL ESTER,HYDROCHLORIDE
C9H9ClN2O2 (212.03525240000002)
ETHYL 4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDROTHIAZOLO[5,4-C]PYRIDINE-2-CARBOXYLATE
methyl 2-chloro-2-n-(phenyl)hydrazino acetate
C9H9ClN2O2 (212.03525240000002)
methyl 7-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine-5-carboxylate
5-ACETYL-4-AMINO-2-(METHYLTHIO)THIOPHENE-3-CARBONITRILE
C8H8N2OS2 (212.00780379999998)
Sodium 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate
C8H4F3NaO2 (212.00610799999998)
(3-tert-butylphenyl) carbonochloridate
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
2-Chloro-1-cyclopropyl-2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanone
C11H10ClFO (212.04041719999998)
(2-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PYRIDIN-4-YL)METHANAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE
C7H8ClF3N2 (212.03280739999997)
4-CHLOROBENZENEBUTANOIC ACID METHYL ESTER
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
Methyl 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazole-6-carboxylate
6-CHLORO-[1,2,4]TRIAZOLO[1,5-B]PYRIDAZINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID, METHYL ESTER
C7H5ClN4O2 (212.01010200000002)
4-(4-Methoxyphenyl)butanoyl chloride
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
2,4,5,6-Pyrimidinetetramine dihydrochloride
C4H10Cl2N6 (212.03439600000002)
5-TERT-BUTYL-3-CHLORO-2-HYDROXY-BENZALDEHYDE
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
N-(2-Acetamido)iminodiacetic acid monosodium salt
C6H9N2NaO5 (212.04091440000002)
3-(chloromethyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole
[2-(Trifluormethyl)phenyl]hydrazinhydrochlorid
C7H8ClF3N2 (212.03280739999997)
2-(6-fluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile
(2S,4S)-4-(thiazol-4-ylMethyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
2-(2,4-DIFLUOROPHENYL)ALLYL ACETATE
C11H10F2O2 (212.06488240000002)
ETHYL 3-(2,4-DIFLUOROPHENYL)ACRYLATE
C11H10F2O2 (212.06488240000002)
5-(CHLOROMETHYL)-1-METHYL-3-THIEN-2-YL-1H-PYRAZOLE
1H-2-Benzothiopyran-1-carbonyl chloride, 3,4-dihydro- (9CI)
C10H9ClOS (212.00626139999997)
1-Cyclohexene-1-carbonyl chloride, 4-(trifluoromethyl)- (9CI)
C8H8ClF3O (212.02157439999996)
6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-2-carboxylic acid
1-(ethoxy-(ethylsulfanylmethyl)phosphoryl)oxyethane
3-(chloromethyl)-5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole
3-(chloromethyl)-5-(3-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole
(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)hydrazine hydrochloride
C7H8ClF3N2 (212.03280739999997)
3-AMINO-7-CHLORO-5-NITRO-1H-INDAZOLE
C7H5ClN4O2 (212.01010200000002)
5-Oxo-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid
4-(3-Chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-2-methylbut-3-yn-2-ol
C11H10ClFO (212.04041719999998)
2,5-diaminobenzene-1,4-diol,dihydrochloride
C6H10Cl2N2O2 (212.01193000000004)
1H-Benzimidazole-5-carboxylicacid,6-methyl-(9CI)
C9H9ClN2O2 (212.03525240000002)
Depsidone
The simplest member of the class of depsidones comprising of a heterotricyclic system that is 11H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxepine substituted by an oxo group at position 11.
6,8-Difluoro-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin
C10H6F2O3 (212.02849899999998)
Ethyl 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylbenzoate
C11H13ClO2 (212.06040280000002)
1,4-Deoxy-1,4-dithio-beta-D-glucopyranose
C6H12O4S2 (212.01769919999998)
2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose 1-phosphate(2-)
C5H9O7P-2 (212.00858939999998)
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate(2-)
C5H9O7P-2 (212.00858939999998)
2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate(2-)
C5H9O7P-2 (212.00858939999998)
COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
N,N-dihydroxy-L-tyrosinate
C9H10NO5- (212.05589500000002)
Conjugate base of N,N-dihydroxy-L-tyrosine.
2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose 5-phosphate(2-)
C5H9O7P-2 (212.00858939999998)
COVID info from COVID-19 Disease Map Corona-virus Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 SARS-CoV COVID19 SARS2 SARS
[(2R)-3-[acetyl(hydroxy)amino]-2-hydroxypropyl]phosphonic acid
5-deoxy-alpha-D-ribofuranose 1-phosphate
C5H9O7P-2 (212.00858939999998)
2-Deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 5-phosphate
C5H9O7P-2 (212.00858939999998)
(1S,7R,8R)-3-hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-3-oxo-2,4,6-trioxa-3lambda5-phosphabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-ol
[(E)-2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxopent-2-enyl] dihydrogen phosphate
2-(Dihydroxyamino)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate
C9H10NO5- (212.05589500000002)
2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)propanamide
C5H4F4N4O (212.03212219999998)
4-Hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylic acid
(2E,4Z,7E)-2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4,7-trienedioic acid
zonisamide
C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C264 - Anticonvulsant Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D002121 - Calcium Channel Blockers D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000927 - Anticonvulsants N - Nervous system > N03 - Antiepileptics > N03A - Antiepileptics D000077264 - Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators
4-AMINO-1,8-NAPHTHALIMIDE
D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents > D000067856 - Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors D004791 - Enzyme Inhibitors
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate(2-)
Dianion of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate arising from deprotonation of both phosphate OH groups; major species at pH 7.3.
2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate(2-)
Dianion of 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.
2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose 5-phosphate(2-)
An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-monophosphate; major microspecies at pH 7.3.
2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate(2-)
Dianion of 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups; major product at pH 7.3.
Se-methyl-D-selenomethionine
A Se-methylselenomethionine that has D-configuration.
Se-methyl-L-selenomethionine
A Se-methylselenomethionine that has L-configuration.
Phosphinomethylisomalic acid
A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanedioic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a phosphino group
2-Phosphinomethylmalic acid
A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is malic acid carrying an additional phosphinomethyl substituent at position 2.
1,6-Dihydroxyphenazine
A member of the class of phenazines that is phenazine substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 6.
Se-methyl-L-selenomethionine(1+)
An alpha-amino-acid cation resulting from the transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of Se-methyl-L-selenomethionine. Major species at pH 7.3
2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose 1-phosphate(2-)
Dianion of 2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose 1-phosphate.