Classification Term: 3508
Phenylacetamides (ontology term: CHEMONTID:0002363)
Amide derivatives of phenylacetic acids." []
found 28 associated metabolites at sub_class
metabolite taxonomy ontology rank level.
Ancestor: Benzene and substituted derivatives
Child Taxonomies: There is no child term of current ontology term.
Phenylethylmalonamide
CONFIDENCE standard compound; INTERNAL_ID 2499
2-Phenylacetamide
2-Phenylacetamide is an intermediate in phenylalanine metabolism and styrene degradation(KEGG ID C02505). It is the third to last step in the synthesis of phenylacetylglutamine and is converted from phenylalanine via the enzyme phenylalanine 2-monooxygenase [EC:1.13.12.9]. It is then converted to phenylacetate via the enzyme amidase [EC:3.5.1.4]. [HMDB] 2-Phenylacetamide is an intermediate in phenylalanine metabolism and styrene degradation(KEGG ID C02505). It is the third to last step in the synthesis of phenylacetylglutamine and is converted from phenylalanine via the enzyme phenylalanine 2-monooxygenase [EC:1.13.12.9]. It is then converted to phenylacetate via the enzyme amidase [EC:3.5.1.4]. 2-Phenylacetamide is an endogenous metabolite.
N,N-Diethylbenzeneacetamide
N,N-Diethylbenzeneacetamide is found in green vegetables. N,N-Diethylbenzeneacetamide is found in various plant oils, e.g. garden cress (Lepidium sativum D010575 - Pesticides > D007302 - Insect Repellents D020011 - Protective Agents D016573 - Agrochemicals KEIO_ID D122
Phenacemide
Phenacemide, also known as phenurone or carbamide phenylacetate, is a member of the class of compounds known as phenylacetamides. Phenylacetamides are amide derivatives of phenylacetic acids. Phenacemide is slightly soluble (in water) and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Phenacemide can be found in fenugreek, which makes phenacemide a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product. Phenacemide can be found primarily in blood and urine. Phenacemide is a non-carcinogenic (not listed by IARC) potentially toxic compound. Phenacemide is a drug which is used to control certain seizures in the treatment of epilepsy. Phenacemide is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is used to control certain seizures in the treatment of epilepsy. This medicine acts on the central nervous system (CNS) to reduce the number and severity of seizures. Phenacemide binds to and blocks neuronal sodium channels or voltage sensitive calcium channels. This blocks or suppresses neuronal depolarization and hypersynchronization. Hypersynchronization is what often causes seizures. C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C264 - Anticonvulsant Agent N - Nervous system > N03 - Antiepileptics > N03A - Antiepileptics
Talactoferrin Alfa
D000970 - Antineoplastic Agents
Atenolol
Atenolol is a so-called beta1-selective (or cardioselective) drug. That means that it exerts greater blocking activity on myocardial beta1-receptors than on beta2 ones in the lung. The beta2 receptors are responsible to keep the bronchial system open. If these receptors are blocked, bronchospasm with serious lack of oxygen in the body can result. However, due to its cardioselective properties, the risk of bronchospastic reactions if using atenolol is reduced compared to nonselective drugs as propranolol. Nonetheless, this reaction may also be encountered with atenolol, particularly with high doses. Extreme caution should be exerted if atenolol is given to asthma patients, who are particularly at risk; the dose should be as low as possible. If an asthma attack occurs, the inhalation of a beta2-mimetic antiasthmatic, such as hexoprenalin or salbutamol, will usually suppress the symptoms.; Atenolol (trade name Tenormin) can be used to treat cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, and treatment of myocardial infarction after the acute event. Patients with compensated congestive heart failure may be treated with atenolol as a co medication (usually together with an ACE inhibitor, a diuretic and a digitalis-glycoside, if indicated). In patients with congestive heart failure, it reduces the need for and the consumption of oxygen of the heart muscle. It is very important to start with low doses, as atenolol reduces also the muscular power of the heart, which is an undesired effect in congestive heart failure. [HMDB] Atenolol is a so-called beta1-selective (or cardioselective) drug. That means that it exerts greater blocking activity on myocardial beta1-receptors than on beta2 ones in the lung. The beta2 receptors are responsible to keep the bronchial system open. If these receptors are blocked, bronchospasm with serious lack of oxygen in the body can result. However, due to its cardioselective properties, the risk of bronchospastic reactions if using atenolol is reduced compared to nonselective drugs as propranolol. Nonetheless, this reaction may also be encountered with atenolol, particularly with high doses. Extreme caution should be exerted if atenolol is given to asthma patients, who are particularly at risk; the dose should be as low as possible. If an asthma attack occurs, the inhalation of a beta2-mimetic antiasthmatic, such as hexoprenalin or salbutamol, will usually suppress the symptoms. Atenolol (trade name Tenormin) can be used to treat cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, and treatment of myocardial infarction after the acute event. Patients with compensated congestive heart failure may be treated with atenolol as a co medication (usually together with an ACE inhibitor, a diuretic and a digitalis-glycoside, if indicated). In patients with congestive heart failure, it reduces the need for and the consumption of oxygen of the heart muscle. It is very important to start with low doses, as atenolol reduces also the muscular power of the heart, which is an undesired effect in congestive heart failure. C - Cardiovascular system > C07 - Beta blocking agents > C07A - Beta blocking agents > C07AB - Beta blocking agents, selective C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent > C72900 - Adrenergic Antagonist D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D013565 - Sympatholytics D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018663 - Adrenergic Agents > D018674 - Adrenergic Antagonists D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000959 - Antihypertensive Agents D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents Atenolol ((RS)-Atenolol) is a cardioselective β1-adrenergic receptor blocker, with a Ki of 697 nM at β1-adrenoceptor in guine pig left ventricle membrane. Atenolol can be used for the research of hypertension and angina pectoris[1][2].
Tropicamide
Tropicamide is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is one of the muscarinic antagonists with pharmacologic action similar to atropine and used mainly as an ophthalmic parasympatholytic or mydriatic. [PubChem]Tropicamide binds to and blocks the receptors in the muscles of the eye (muscarinic receptor M4). Tropicamide acts by blocking the responses of the iris sphincter muscle to the iris and ciliary muscles to cholinergic stimulation, producing dilation of the pupil and paralysis of the ciliary muscle. S - Sensory organs > S01 - Ophthalmologicals > S01F - Mydriatics and cycloplegics > S01FA - Anticholinergics C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C66880 - Anticholinergic Agent > C29704 - Antimuscarinic Agent D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D018678 - Cholinergic Agents > D018680 - Cholinergic Antagonists D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D001337 - Autonomic Agents > D009184 - Mydriatics
Milnacipran
Milnacipran is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor class. Milnacipran has been approved and sold in Austria since September 1998 under the brand name Ixel. Cypress Bioscience bought the exclusive rights for approval and marketing of the drug for any purpose in the US and Canada in 2003 from the manufacturer Pierre Fabre; the approval procedure in both countries is ongoing. D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D014179 - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors > D000068760 - Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C265 - Antidepressant Agent N - Nervous system > N06 - Psychoanaleptics > N06A - Antidepressants C78272 - Agent Affecting Nervous System > C29747 - Adrenergic Agent D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators
Lorcainide
Cardiac dysrhythmia is a heart rate disorder that manifests as an altered cardiac rhythm. It results from either abnormal pacemaker activity or a disturbance in impulse propagation, or both. Arrhythmias can be caused by various conditions including ischemia, hypoxia, pH disruptions, B adrenergic activation, drug interactions or the presence of diseased tissue. These events can trigger the development of ectopic pacemaker in the heart, which emit abnormal impulses at random times during the cardiac cycle. An arrhythmia can present itself as either bradycardia or tachycardia. Untreated arrhythmias may progress to atrial fibrillation or ventricular fibrillation. Treatment is aimed at normalizing cardiac rhythm by altering ion flow across the membrane. Antiarrhythmic agents can reduce arrhythmia related symptoms such as palpitations or syncope; however, they often have a narrow therapeutic index and can also be proarrhythmic. Lorcainide (Lorcainide hydrochloride) is a Class 1c antiarrhythmic agent that is used to help restore normal heart rhythm and conduction in patients with premature ventricular contractions, ventricular tachycardiac and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Lorcainide was developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica (Belgium) in 1968 under the commercial name Remivox and is designated by code numbers R-15889 or Ro 13-1042/001. It has a half-life of 8.9 +- 2.3 hrs which may be prolonged to 66 hrs in people with cardiac disease. Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is a pre-excitation syndrome in which individuals are predisposed to supraventricular tachyarrhythmias (rapid and irregular heart beats). People with this condition have an extra or accessory atrioventricular conduction pathway that causes re-entry tachycardia. WPW is characterized by a short PR interval (<0.12 second) and a prolonged, slurred QRS complex (>0.12 seconds). C - Cardiovascular system > C01 - Cardiac therapy > C01B - Antiarrhythmics, class i and iii > C01BC - Antiarrhythmics, class ic C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C47793 - Antiarrhythmic Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
N-Phenylacetyl pyroglutamic acid
N-Phenylacetyl pyroglutamic acid belongs to the family of Phenethylamines. These are compounds containing a phenethylamine moiety, which consists of a phenyl group substituted at the second position by an ethan-1-amine.
repaglinide aromatic amine
repaglinide aromatic amine is a metabolite of repaglinide. Repaglinide is for the treatment of type II diabetes. It is supplied by Novo Nordisk. It is sold in Japan by Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma. Repaglinide belongs to the meglitinide class of blood glucose-lowering drugs. (Wikipedia)
(2R)-3-Cyclopentyl-2-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-N-(2-thiazolyl)propanamide
Bidisomide, (+)-isomer
C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C47793 - Antiarrhythmic Agent D002317 - Cardiovascular Agents > D000889 - Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
N,N'-[Sulfanediylbis(Ethane-2,1-Diyl-1,3,4-Thiadiazole-5,2-Diyl)]bis(2-Phenylacetamide)
BPTES is an allosteric and selective glutaminase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.16 μM.
Camicinal
Telaglenastat
C471 - Enzyme Inhibitor Telaglenastat (CB-839) is a first-in-class, selective, reversible and orally active glutaminase 1 (GLS1) inhibitor. Telaglenastat selectively inhibits GLS1 splice variants KGA (kidney-type glutaminase) and GAC (glutaminase C) compared to GLS2. The IC50s are 23 nM and 28 nM for endogenous glutaminase in mouse kidney and brain, respectively. Telaglenastat inuduces autophagy and has antitumor activity[1].
Z-Ile-Glu-Thr-Asp 7-amido-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin
1-(4-Acetyl-2-pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl-piperazin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dichloro-phenyl)-ethanone
Disobutamide
C78274 - Agent Affecting Cardiovascular System > C47793 - Antiarrhythmic Agent
N'-[2-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyacetyl]-2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzohydrazide
1-Piperazinecarboxylic acid, 4-((3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetyl)-3-(1-pyrrolidinylmethyl)-, methyl ester, (3R)-
Levomilnacipran
D018377 - Neurotransmitter Agents > D014179 - Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors > D000068760 - Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors D018373 - Peripheral Nervous System Agents > D018689 - Sensory System Agents N - Nervous system > N06 - Psychoanaleptics > N06A - Antidepressants D002491 - Central Nervous System Agents > D000700 - Analgesics D049990 - Membrane Transport Modulators